training module for medical officers primary health centre - NVBDCP

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CONTENTSSession Introduction Page1 Introduction and overview1.1 Introduction to malaria problem in India1.2 Job responsibilities of MO-PHC towards malaria control2 Malariology2.1 Epidemiology of Malaria2.2 Morphology, life cycle and transmission of malarial parasite2.3 Vectors mosquitoes and their bionomics2.4 Epidemiological surveillance of malaria3 Technical update: New technologies to combat malaria3.1 Clinical features and differential diagnosis of malaria3.2 Laboratory diagnosis of malaria and supervision of laboratory services3.3 Malaria case management3.4 Vector control4 Programme strategies4.1 Existing and additional human resources for high-burden areas: expected roles4.2 Operational implications in case management4.3 Malaria surveillance4.4 Strategies for transmission control4.5 Behavior Change Communication and Community Participation4.6 Planning4.7 Training and ongoing support to care providers4.8 Logistics and Supply Chain Management4.9 Programme management4.10 Programme evaluation5 Field visit and debriefing1
Distribution of malariaSESSION – 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW1.1 : INTRODUCTION TO MALARIA PROBLEM IN INDIAMalaria is endemic in more than 100 countries and about half the world’s population live in areas ofmalaria transmissionExtends up to 40 O north and 40 O south of equatorIntense malaria transmission is in equatorial regionOn the fringes of its distribution malaria is usually unstableIncidence of malaria may vary from village to village, city to city and even in a city, from ward toward.Malarial Parasites in IndiaIn India two types of plasmodia are responsible for most human malaria.–They are Plasmodium vivax(P. vivax) and Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). There are two other plasmodia (Plasmodiummalariae and Plasmodium ovale) that cause malaria in humans, but they are rare and of practicably nopublic health importance in India. P. malariae is responsible for less than 1 % of malaria cases in Indiaand P. ovale malaria does not occur in India. P.falciparum is the variety which is responsible for almostall the deaths due to malaria. P. vivax causes debilitating illness, but vivax malaria is rarely fatal, unlessaccompanied by some other problem like malnutrition. In many states of India, particularly the NorthEastern states, Orissa and Chhattisgarh, a very high proportion of malaria cases are due to P.falciparum.Malaria estimates in Pre-control era It was estimated in 1947 that out of a population of 340 million in the country, annual malariaincidence was 75 million (nearly 22% of population) with 0.8 million deaths The morbidity and mortality rates used to increase to double in epidemic years Epidemics were recorded at an interval of 5 to 7 years Economic loss due to malaria to the nation was estimated at Rs. 7500 crores annually in 1940(Rupee value of the reporting year)Milestones in malaria control measures in India1945 - DDT brought into civilian use for the first time. Systematic studies with different dosageof DDT were taken up.1952 - A population of about 30 million was being protected with residual insecticidal sprayunder various projects.1953 - National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) launched2
Page 1: TRAINING MODULEFORMEDICAL OFFICERSP
Page 5 and 6: National Malaria Eradication Progra
Page 7 and 8: 1.2 : JOB RESPONSIBILITIES OF MO- P
Page 9 and 10: SESSION - 2: MALARIOLOGY2.1: EPIDEM
Page 11 and 12: 2.2: MORPHOLOGY, LIFE CYCLE AND TRA
Page 13 and 14: Table 2.1: Differentiation of chara
Page 15 and 16: 2.3: VECTOR MOSQUITOES AND THEIR BI
Page 17 and 18: Bionomics of vector species in Indi
Page 19 and 20: 2.4: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND ENTOMOLOGI
Page 21 and 22: Entomological parameters should be
Page 23 and 24: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is clear
Page 25 and 26: 3.2: LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF MALARI
Page 27 and 28: Examination of blood films for mala
Page 29 and 30: Plate 1: Plasmodium falciparum thin
Page 31 and 32: 3.3: MALARIA CASE MANAGEMENTAntimal
Page 33 and 34: This ACT is highly effective agains
Page 35 and 36: within 72 hours of treatment. Such
Page 37 and 38: In pregnancy, malaria, especially P
Page 39 and 40: Advice to the patients / caretakers
Page 41 and 42: The choice between IRS and ITN/LLIN
Page 43 and 44: Deploy staff for active case detect
Page 45 and 46: Visit the PHCs, subcenters and vill
Page 47 and 48: The Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT) is d
Page 49 and 50: It should also be ensured that the
Page 51 and 52: Common problems for reluctance to g
Page 53 and 54:
3. Programme management Monitoring
Page 55 and 56:
Worker (SFW) to the PHC-MO where a
Page 57 and 58:
The data collected through the syst
Page 59 and 60:
Outcome - IRS Coverage - Population
Page 61 and 62:
Level Staff FrequencySupervisor (wh
Page 63 and 64:
With improved access to quality cas
Page 65 and 66:
If an epidemic is predominantly due
Page 67 and 68:
500@ 20-25 houses per pump per day
Page 69 and 70:
3.1.6 Name of Laboratory Technician
Page 71 and 72:
3. Therefore, unless the deceased h
Page 73 and 74:
To accord priority for IRS in areas
Page 75 and 76:
Consumption of insecticide as deter
Page 77 and 78:
Step 9: Wash equipments (basin, mea
Page 79 and 80:
ProgramComponentBed netimpregnation
Page 81 and 82:
Benefit of indoor insecticidal spra
Page 83 and 84:
The MO-PHC is expected to provide a
Page 85 and 86:
Ensure that they have adequate supp
Page 87 and 88:
4.8: LOGISTICS MANAGEMENTPlanningPl
Page 89 and 90:
Planning of LLIN coverage is compli
Page 91 and 92:
communication among the community f
Page 93 and 94:
Examine level of stocksLook for unr
Page 95 and 96:
During planned bednet distribution
Page 97:
How many of the individuals actuall
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training module for medical officers primary health centre - NVBDCP

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