THE REVIEW LITERATURE FOR B. THURINGIENSIS<strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis is the subject <strong>of</strong> intensive research. Nearly 4000 primary researcharticles covering some aspect <strong>of</strong> Bt or Cry protein biology will be published in this decadealone. Fortunately, many <strong>of</strong> these topics have been reviewed in recent years. Thefollowing list <strong>of</strong> reviews is by no means complete. Perhaps it will suffice, however, toprovide researchers new to the field with an entry into the fascinating <strong>Bacillus</strong>thuringiensis research literature. The list is organized by the kinds <strong>of</strong> questions raised ineach review.• Where can I find a thorough, general review <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensisand Cry proteins?Schnepf, E., N. Crickmore, J. Van Rie, D. Lereclus, J. Baum, J. Feitelson, D. R. Zeigler, D. H.Dean. 1998. <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis and its pesticidal crystal proteins. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.62:775-806.Kumar, P. A., R. P. Sharma, V. S. Malik. 1996. The insecticidal proteins <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong>thuringiensis. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 42:1-43.Aronson, I. 1993. Insecticidal toxins. pp. 953-963 in: <strong>Bacillus</strong> subtilis and Other Gram-PositiveBacteria. Biochemistry, Physiology, and Molecular <strong>Genetic</strong>s. (Sonenshein, A. L., J. A. Hoch,and R. Losick, eds.) American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D. C.• How are Cry and Cyt proteins named?N. Crickmore, D. R. Zeigler, J. Feitelson, Schnepf, E., J. Van Rie, D. Lereclus, J. Baum, D. H.Dean. 1998. Revision <strong>of</strong> the nomenclature for the <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis pesticidal crystalproteins. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62:807-813.• What are the phylogenetic relationships found among the Cryproteins?Bravo, A. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis delta-endotoxin familyproteins and their functional domains. J. Bacteriol. 179:2793-801.• How is the expression <strong>of</strong> cry genes regulated in <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis?Agaisse, H., D. Lereclus. 1995. How does <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis produce so much insecticidalcrystal protein? J. Bacteriol. 177:6027-6032.• What role might transposable elements play in cry gene biology?Mahillon, J., R. Rezsohazy, B. Hallet, J. Delcour. 1994. IS231 and other <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensistransposable elements: a review. <strong>Genetic</strong>a 93:13-26.• How might Cry proteins contribute to the fitness <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong>thuringiensis?Aronson, A. I. 1993. The two faces <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis: insecticidal proteins and postexponentialsurvival. Mol. Microbiol. 7:489-496.52/Back to Table <strong>of</strong> Contents
• What is the mode <strong>of</strong> action <strong>of</strong> Cry proteins?Rajamohan, F., M. K. Lee, D. H. Dean. 1998. <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis insecticidal proteins:molecular mode <strong>of</strong> action. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology 60:1-27.Dean, D H., F.Rajamohan, M. K.Lee, S. J.Wu, X. J.Chen, E.Alcantara, S. R.Hussain. 1996.Probing the mechanism <strong>of</strong> action <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis insecticidal proteins by sitedirectedmutagenesis—a minireview. Gene 179:111-117.• What is the relationship between structure and function <strong>of</strong> Cryproteins?Thompson, M. A., H. E. Schnepf, J. S. Feitelson. 1995. Structure, function and engineering <strong>of</strong><strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis toxins. Genet. Engineer. 17:99-117.• How do media and fermentation conditions affect Cry proteinsynthesis in <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis?Avignone-Rossa, C., and C. F. Mignone. 1995. <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis growth and toxicity. Basicand applied considerations. Mol. Biotechnol. 4:55-71.Yang, X. M., and S. S. Wang. 1998. Development <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis fermentation andprocess control from a practical perspective. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 28:95-8.• How are plants engineered to express Cry proteins?Estruch, J. J., N. B. Carozzi, N. Desai, N. B. Duck, G. W. Warren, M. G. Koziel. 1997.Transgenic plants: an emerging approach to pest control. Nature Biotechnol. 15:137-141.• How do <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringienis subsp. israelensis products contribute tothe control <strong>of</strong> mosquitoes and other biting flies?Priest, F. G. 1992. Biological control <strong>of</strong> mosquitoes and other biting flies by <strong>Bacillus</strong>sphaericus and <strong>Bacillus</strong> thuringiensis. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 72:357-369.• How might insect resistance to Cry proteins in transgenic plants bedelayed or prevented?McGaughey, W. H., F. Gould, W. Gelernter. 1998. Bt resistance management. NatureBiotechnol. 16:144-146.Roush, R. T., A. M. Shelton. 1997. Assessing the odds: the emergence <strong>of</strong> resistance to Bttransgenic plants. Nature Biotechnol. 15: 816-817.• What are the public health considerations for use <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong>thuringiensis and related organisms?Drobniewski, F. A. 1994. The safety <strong>of</strong> <strong>Bacillus</strong> species as insect vector control agents. J.Appl. Bacteriol. 76:101-109.53/Back to Table <strong>of</strong> Contents
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Bacillus&thuringiensisBacilluscereu
- Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTSTable of Contents
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- Page 7 and 8: Volunteer SpotlightClaire McHughCla
- Page 9 and 10: Serotype 6—Serovar. entomocidus/s
- Page 11 and 12: Serotype 17—Serovar. tohokuensisB
- Page 13 and 14: Serotype 3a, 3d—Serovar. sumiyosh
- Page 15 and 16: Serotype 45—Serovar. roskildiensi
- Page 17 and 18: Serotype 18a, 18c—Serovar. yosooB
- Page 19 and 20: B. THURINGIENSIS STRAINS BY SEROTYP
- Page 21 and 22: E. COLI CLONES OF B. THURINGIENSIS
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- Page 25 and 26: SELECTED CLONING VECTORS AND HOSTSB
- Page 27 and 28: MEDIA FOR GROWTH AND SPORULATION2×
- Page 29 and 30: G-Tris MediumAronson, A. I., et al.
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- Page 33 and 34: GENERALIZED TRANSDUCTION WITH CP-54
- Page 35 and 36: References1. Andrup, L., J. Damgaar
- Page 37 and 38: Purification of Crystals in a Separ
- Page 39 and 40: Table 2. Sequences of the PCR prime
- Page 41 and 42: NOMENCLATURE FOR CRY AND CYT PROTEI
- Page 43 and 44: NAME ORIGINAL ACCESSION NUMBER(S) C
- Page 45 and 46: 23. Donovan, W. P., J. M. González
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