fra-2014-being-trans-eu-comparative_en

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Being Trans in the EU — Comparative analysis of EU LGBT survey datathat is reported to the police. Although this overallreporting rate might seem low, trans persons reportviolence more frequently to other organisations thanthe LGBT average.Of those respondents who reported incidents ofhate‐motivated violence to organisations other than thepolice, reporting to an LGBT organisation was the mostfrequently chosen answer of all listed options (morethan half). Only around one in 10 reported to a state ornational institution, such as an equality body, and/oraround 15 % to a general victim support organisation(Table 7). It seems that these official institutions are notvery attractive to trans people.2.4. Harassment andhate‐motivatedharassment“[…] in the years when my gender was perceived asambiguous I felt threatened and harassed on a dailybasis. […] the insults range from generic [scum etc] toorientation‐based [faggot etc]. My family is supportive of mysex change and unaware of my orientation.” (Transsexual,Gay, 29, Poland)In addition to questions on experiences of violence,respondents were also asked whether they had experiencedserious harassment. Before presenting thequestions, the survey clarified that: “by harassment wemean unwanted and disturbing behaviour towards yousuch as name calling, or ridiculing that did not involveactual violence or the threat of violence”.Over half of all trans respondents (58 %) indicate thatthey were personally harassed by someone or a groupof people in a way that really annoyed, offended orupset them – at work, at home, on the street, on publictransport, in a shop, in an office or on the internet – inthe five years preceding the survey. Over a third (35 %)of all respondents indicate that theywere harassed, forwhatever reason, in the 12 months before the survey(Figure 40).The data on the prevalence of harassment show that,among the trans groups, female cross dressers are themost likely to indicate that they were harassed in theyear preceding the survey. Female cross dressers andtrans women are the most likely to say that they wereharassed in the five years preceding the survey.The annual incidence rate of harassment is around1.8 incidents per trans respondent, which is highcompared to the incidence rates for lesbian (1.1),gay (0.8), bisexual women (1.2) and bisexual men (0.9)respondents.As explained in Section 2.1, the calculation of theannual incidence rate takes into account the repetitiveTable 7:Reporting incidents of the last and most serious hate‐motivated violence to organisations other thanthe police (%)LastMost seriousNon‐governmental organisation 17 14LGBT organisation 67 51General victim support organisation 14* 16State or national institution (such as an equality body) 9* 12Hospital or other medical service 20 27Rape crisis centre 4* 4*Other organisation 20 20Question:Note:Base:FA1_13.; FA2_13. Did you or anyone else report it to any of the following organisations/institutions? (Response categories aslisted in the table).*Cases with fewer than 30 responses.Trans respondents in the EU LGBT survey who were physically/sexually attacked or threatened with violence in the 12 monthspreceding the survey (last incident) or five years (most serious incident) preceding the survey in part or entirely because theywere perceived to be trans and who did not report this to organisations other than the police.Source: FRA, EU LGBT survey, 201262
Violence and harassmentFigure 40: Prevalence of harassment in the last 12 months and the last five years, by identity group (%)EU trans average5835Trans women6843Trans men6436Female cross dressers7149Male cross dressers5336Transgender6542Gender variant5128Queer/other51300 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Prevalence of harassmentin the five years precedingthe surveyPrevalence of harassmentin the 12 months precedingthe surveyQuestions: F1_B. In the last five years, have you been: personally harassed by someone or a group for any reason in a way that reallyannoyed, offended or upset you – either at work, home, on the street, on public transport, in a shop, in an office or on theinternet – or anywhere? Yes.FB1_2. When did the LAST incident of harassment happen? In the last 12 months.Base: All Trans respondents in the EU LGBT survey.Source: FRA, EU LGBT survey, 2012incidents trans respondents suffer. Respondents whosay that they experienced violence in the 12 monthspreceding the survey were asked how many times thishad occurred. 67Three out of five (63 %) trans respondents who experiencedharassment in the 12 months preceding thesurvey indicate that this happened three times or morein that time period (Figure 41).Figure 41: Respondents who were harassed one or more times in the last 12 months, by number of incidentsand identity groups (%)EU trans averageTrans womenTrans menFemale cross dressersMale cross dressersTransgenderGendervariantQueer/other19 18 14 4921 17 12 5017 15 13 5510 15 13 6215 15 7 6316 18 14 5221 22 13 4322 19 16 420 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100OnceTwiceThree timesFour timesor moreQuestion: FB1_3. How many times did somebody harass you in the last 12 months?Base: EU trans survey transgender respondents who were harassed in the 12 months preceding the survey.Source: FRA, EU LGBT survey, 201267 Respondents were asked to specify whether they had beenvictims of violence once, twice, three times, four times,five times, six to 10 times or more than 10 times in theprevious year. For this analysis, the “six to 10 times”category was assigned a fixed number of seven incidents,and the “more than 10 times” category 11. Those who didnot report any experience of violence in the past year wereassigned a 0. Note that this included all incidents, regardlessof whether or not respondents attributed them to their beingtrans, and could have happened anywhere in the EU.63
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EQUALITYBeing Trans inthe European
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Being Trans in the EU - Comparative
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