fra-2014-being-trans-eu-comparative_en

Violence and harassmentFigure 45: Reporting incidents of the last and most serious hate‐motivated harassment to the police,by type of incident (%)EU trans averageName callingBullyingRidiculingOther verbal insult, abuse, humiliationExcessive /constant negative commentsAggressive gesturesIsolation from something or somebody; ignoringOther non-verbal insult, abuse, humiliationOther6889910678107971189811814Most recent incidentof harassment inthe 12 monthspreceding the surveyMost serious incidentof harassment inthe five yearspreceding the surveyQuestions:Base:0 10 20 30 40 50FB1_5. Do you think the LAST incident of harassment in the past 12 months happened partly or completely because youwere perceived to be transgender? Yes.FB2_5. Do you think this incident of harassment happened partly or completely because you were perceived to be [categoryon the basis of A3 or A4]? ‘Yes’.FB1_11., FB2_11. Did you or anyone else report it to the police? Yes.FB1_4., FB2_4. Thinking about the LAST incident of harassment, what happened to you?Trans respondents in the EU LGBT survey who were harassed in the 12 months (last incident) or five years (most seriousincident) preceding the survey in part or entirely because they were perceived to be trans.Source: FRA, EU LGBT survey, 2012one in four feared a homophobic or transphobic reactionfrom the police.Again, emotional reasons are important to understandnon‐reporting: over one in five (last incident) andalmost one in four (most serious incident) was ashamed,embarrassed and/or didn’t want anyone to know. Onein 10 was too emotionally upset to contact the police.Reporting to other organisationsVictims were asked if they or anyone else reported thehate‐motivated incident to other organisations or institutions,namely an NGO, an LGBT organisation, a generalvictim support organisation, a state or national institutionsuch as an equality body, a hospital or other medicalservice, a rape crisis centre, an internet provider oranother organisation.As regards both the last hate‐motivated incidents andthe most serious hate‐motivated incidents,only 16 %were reported to one of these organisations or institutions(Table 12). This is lower than the percentageof respondents who reported hate‐motivated attacksor threats to other organisations, but still higher thanthe reporting rate of hate‐motivated harassment tothe police.When respondents did report incidents of hate‐motivatedharassment to organisations other than the police,this most often involved an LGBT organisation (56 % forthe most recent and 53 % for the most serious incident).Around one in 10 reported to a state or national institution,such as an equality body, and/or to general victimsupport organisation, and/or a hospital or other medicalservice and/or an internet provider. Almost one infive went to a NGO and almost one in four to anotherorganisation. The respondents could have reported theincidents to multiple organisations, and therefore in thesurvey they were able to select multiple options fromthe list of organisations (Table 13).2.4.4. Avoidance behaviour“Repeatedly I experience when I am traveling with mypartner, vulgarities, suggestive remarks, threats, not onlywhen we hold hands sometimes, but even when we ’only’walk side by side. We do dress inconspicuously. Sometimeswe are forced to change out intended path to avoidcertain streets or squares. The latent fear, to become ’theneighbourhood fagots’, forces us to avoid physical closenessin public. This denial of our feelings burdens me greatly.”(Trans man, 39, Germany)In addition to general safety concerns experienced bymany members of the LGBT community, trans peoplemay fear assault, threat or harassment specificallybecause of their trans identity. One third of all transrespondents (32 %) avoid expressing their gender (ortheir desired gender) through physical appearance andclothing because of such fears. In addition, half of therespondents (50 %) indicate that these fears also leadthem to avoid certain places or locations (Figure 46).69