Pdf 2012 www jagranjosh com - Dainik Jagran Hindi News

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Current Affairs PDF June 2012 Page 76world’s fastest computers. Asia holds 121 systems, with China (68 systems) and Japan (34systems) leading in that region. Europe has 107 systems with the U.K. (25), France (22) andGermany (20) in a tight race. Top 500 systems also appear in scattered countries such as Israel,Canada, United Arab Emirates and Australia.THE TOP 10 POWERFUL SUPERCOMPUTERS OF THE WORLD:1. Sequoia at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California - US2. K Computer at RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science campus in Kobe - Japan3. Mira at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois - US4. SuperMUC at Leibniz Supercomputing Centre in Garching - Germany5. Tianhe-1A at National Supercomputing Center in Tianjin - China6. Jaguar at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee - US7. Fermi at CINECA in Bologna - Italy8. JuQueen at Forschungszentrum Juelich in Julich - Germany9. Curie thin nodes at CEA/TGCC-GENCI in Bruyeres-le-Chatel - France10. Nebulae at National Supercomputing Centre in Shenzhen - ChinaWHERE DOES INDIA STAND IN THE LIST OF TOP 500 COMPUTERS?As per the June 2012 Top 500 Supercomputers list (it is published twice in a year) twosupercomputers from India figured in the top 100. The CSIR Centre for Mathematical Modellingand Computer Simulation (C-MMACS), ranked 58, while SAGA-220, developed by the IndianSpace Research Organisation (Isro) and the IISc, ranked 86.Earlier in November 2007, India had got nine supercomputers in the Top 500 list. Eka’s,developed by the Computational Research Laboratories Ltd (CRL), a unit of Tata Sons, theHewlett-Packard (HP) system was ranked the world’s fourth-largest supercomputer. The systemcost around 30 million dollar (around 165 crore rupees) and was built in just six weeks. It wasthe first time that an Indian supercomputer figured among the world’s top 10. Though thesystem now ranks 129 in the top 500 list.PARAM 8000 is broadly considered as India’s first supercomputer. It was built by the Centre forDevelopment of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) with Russian collaboration. The University ofMannheim, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the University of Tennessee inKnoxville every year prepares the list of TOP 500 supercomputers in the world.CHINA LAUNCHED ITS FOURTH HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT SHENZHOU-9 INTOSPACEwww.jagranjosh.comPage76Current Affairs PDF June 2012
Current Affairs PDF June 2012 Page 77China on 16 June 2012 launched its fourth human spaceflight Shenzhou-9 from the Jiuquansatellite launch centre in north-western Gansu state. The 30.3 feet long and 9.1 feet diameter,Shenzhou -9 spacecraft will conduct the first manned docking mission and set the foundationfor Chinese plans to build a space station by 2020.Shenzhou-9 is expected to take at least 20 days to complete its space mission. In the course ofthe mission the crew will accomplish automated docking procedure followed by scientificexperiments, technical tests and physical exercises conducted in the space lab. The crew willconduct manual docking with the Tiangong-1 or heavenly palace space laboratory module,which has been orbiting the earth since 29 September 2011.China, notwithstanding its assurance given to theworld community that it will not get indulged inspace warfare, is spending billions of dollars toaccomplish its ambitious space programmes. China,in December 2011, had revealed a five-year spaceprogramme, in which it vowed to set up a space laband collect sample from the moon by 2016. Earlier,the Chinese government had undertaken a missionto get to the moon and set up a manned spacestation by year 2020.China, launched its manned space programme in year 1999 with the launch of Shenzhou-1 withno crew on board. In 2001, Shenzhou-2 was blasted off with small animals aboard, and in 2003,China launched its first manned space craft. Since then, it has completed a space walk in 2008and an unmanned docking between a module and rocket in 2011. The launch of Shenzhou-9 is atestimony to China’s determination to develop its technological competence vis-a-vis UnitedStates and Russia.www.jagranjosh.comPage77Current Affairs PDF June 2012
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