BEECHER - NAWC

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~-·;Water ComparedStructural ChangerTelecommunications restructuring hinged on the highly national network for sending andreceiving messages (voice and data). Natural gas restructuring hinged on the unbundling ofproduction, transmission, and distribution facilities. Electricity restructuring hinges onopening the national and regional grids to retail "wheeling," or transmission of power fromproducers other than the local electricity provider.Trends in "gas delivered for the account of others" illustrate the transformation of the naturalgas industry. Access to transmission (pipeline) facilities came first to the industrial sector(including electricity utilities). Increasingly, commercial customers can choose their naturalgas supplier and choice for residential customers is on the horizon. Of course, restructuringalso has introduced a degree of volatility in gas prices--particularly for the core residentialmarket. Seasonal fluctuations appear to reflect the benefits of volume sales during the peakheatingseason. For noncore customers, prices are somewhat more stable."' Q)-~1009080Gas Delivered for the Account of Others(1986 to 1995)-~ 70ai0 60----::r~-------- -+-Industrial~0 50 ----=--""---------·---ElectricI-0 40----- --commercial'E 30Q)~Q)c...20100coco.....cococoC)~C)~ ~C)coC)~0C) c;;C) C)~ ~NC)~Monthly Natural Gas Prices(1994 to 1997)Note: Legendscorrespond to endyeargraph valuesfrom top to bottom.- $10.00Q)~ $9.00 +-----~ $8.00 +-----l'="'-a-----...-"'c------:t'--1r-----f--8 $7.00 -t------r--~---f-----'1---- -.1---+-~:---~-g $6.00-ro~ $5.00 +---0~ $4.00lii $3.oo ~~~~t:fi;~.._-=::ttp,~~~H~~0..--Residential---Commercial....... Industrial......_City Gate--,--I() I() I() ([) ([) ([) ([)m q> q> m m q> m.!. C: .!.0.:; ...., 0
Water ComparedStructural ChangeIndustrial Sales on Account of Others0 to 19.9 percent20 to 39.9 percent 40 to 59.9 percent60 to 79.9 percent80 percent or moreVermont (0%)Maine (9.0%)South Carolina (14.2%)Connecticut (15.4%)Alaska (35.7%) North Carolina (40.6%)New Hampshire (44.6%)New Jersey (46.4%)Tennessee (53.0%)Massachusetts (58.1%)Mississippi (58.3%)Minnesota 58. 7%)Delaware (62.7%)Wisconsin (63.6%)Georgia (67.8%)Kentucky (72.9%)North Dakota (73.5%)Missouri (75.3%)South Dakota (75.4%)Washington (75.6%)Alabama (77.4%)Nebraska (79.6%)Texas (79.8%)Arizona (80.3%)Pennsylvania (81.5%)Oregon (82.0%)Virginia (82.0%)Rhode Island (83.1 %)Indiana (83.4%)New York (85.3%)West Virginia (85. 7%)Illinois (86.3%)Florida (86.6%)Arkansas (86. 7%)Michigan (87.5%)Maryland (88.3%)California (88.8%)Louisiana (89.4%)Iowa (91.0%)Utah (91.0%)Kansas (92.3%)Colorado (92.6%)Ohio (92.6%)Nevada (92.8%)Oklahoma (93.4%)New Mexico (96.5%)Montana (96.6%)Wyoming (97.1%)Idaho (98.6%)Commercial Sales on Account of Others0 to 9.9 percent10 to 19.9 percent 20 to 29.9 percent 30 to 39.9 percent40 percent or moreVermont (0%)Maine (0%)Delaware (0%)Hawaii (0%)South Carolina (1.0%)Oregon (1.7%)Louisiana (1. 7%)Mississippi (2.6%)Florida (2.9%)New Hampshire (3.1 %)North Carolina (3.5%)Indiana (3.7%)Minnesota (3.8%)Arkansas (5.0%)Tennessee (5.7%)Georgia (5.9%)Colorado (6.8%)Maryland (8.1 %)Rhode Island (8.2%)Wisconsin (8.4%)Montana (8.5%)Kentucky (9.2%)North Dakota (12.0%)Iowa (12.3%)Connecticut (13.0%)Idaho (13.4%)Washington (14.1%)Wyoming (14.1 %)Virginia (14. 7%)Arizona (14.8%)Oklahoma (15.5%)Texas (16.5%)South Dakota (17.3%)Missouri (17.8%)Utah (18.1 %)Alabama (18.9%)New York (23.0%)Massachusetts (25.3%)Nevada (25.8%)New Jersey (26.7%)Ohio (28.2%)Kansas (28.3%)D.C. (29.5%)Pennsylvania (29.6%)Nebraska (30.0%)Michigan (33.1 %)New Mexico (35.3%)Alaska (36.6%)West Virginia (43. 7%)California (45.1 %)Illinois (46.1%)Note: Gas delivered for the account of others (or sales not "on system") represents transactions between gasproducers and end users (through direct or indirect marketing), where the distribution company providesdelivery service.<strong>NAWC</strong> 57 September 1998
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