Java™ Application Development on Linux - Dator

3.2 Fundamental Language Elements69• The expression that gets executed at the end of each loop iteration, justprior to retesting the conditionalExample 3.11 A Java for loopfor (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {System.out.println(i);}Unlike C/C++, Java doesn’t have the comma operator for use within arbitraryexpressions, but the comma is supported as special syntax in Java forloops. It makes it possible to have multiple initializers in the opening of thefor loop and multiple expressions in the portion repeated at each iteration ofthe loop. The result is much the same—you can initialize and incrementmultiple variables or objects in your for loop.More formally, the full syntax of the for loop can be described with followingmeta-language as shown in Example 3.12 (where the []* means “zeroor more repetitions of”).Example 3.12 Java for loop syntaxfor ( before [, before]* ; exit_condition ; each_time [, each_time]* )statementThe biggest difference between C and Java for loops, however, is that Javaallows you to declare one or more variables of a single type in the initializingexpression of the for loop (Example 3.13). Such a variable’s scope is the forloop itself, so don’t declare a variable there if you want to reference it outsidethe loop. It is a very handy construct, however, for enumerators, iterators, andsimple counters.Example 3.13 A Java for loop with local indexfor (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {System.out.println(i);}