Modelling Human Factors using the Systems Modelling Language

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HFIDTC/2/WP2.8.9/1Version 2/ 24th September 2008operational circumstances. These Design Concepts are represented in the Human ViewsMeta Model in section 9 as ‘Formal Dependencies’ and ‘Formal Task BasedOrganisations’. Thus far in our modelling we have begun to understand who the users areand, with Activity and Sequence Diagrams, how they interact. However, to complete thispicture we need to understand how they will interact as an organisation.The process represented in Figure 7-12 implies an organisational hierarchy, with theGround Commander giving orders to the Tactical Picture Compiler and supervising theiroutputs. Together with the process represented in Figure 7-5 it implies that there is nodirect communication between the Tactical Picture Compiler and the Section Commanderon the ground. Figure 7-13 models those Organisation and Command Relationshipswithin H-Fly and illustrates the resulting default command structure.Figure 7-13 - Block Definition Diagram showing Command Relationships betweenOrganisational UnitsIn Figure 7-13 we have broken the Organisational Units out using Package Diagrams.Within each Organisational Unit we can see the Posts and manning, as indicated by theblock descriptors and numbers at either end of the relational lines. The Command32
HFIDTC/2/WP2.8.9/1Version 2/ 24th September 2008Relationships between Posts are also shown by stereotyping the relational lines. In thisinstance we are showing that one HQ Commander will command three GroundCommanders, each Ground Commander three Tactical Picture Compilers and threeSection Commanders, and each Section Commander seven Ground Troops. It also showsthat there is one HQ and 3 GCSs, which serve one GD. The ‘direction’ of the relationshipis indicated by the arrow next to the line descriptor. Where no arrows are shown assumethat the relationship is two-way e.g. the HQ Commander and the Ground Commanderboth co-operate.Figure 7-13, then, is showing the default command structure of H-Fly and is thereforestatic, i.e. it is a ‘Formal Dependency’ as defined in the Human Views Meta Model insection 9. We have also included a note on the diagram raising an HFI issue. In this casethe concern is that the Ground Commander may be a bottleneck in the system and wouldbe susceptible to high and potentially unacceptable levels of workload.In certain scenarios, dependant upon the operational environment the configuration of thesystem may necessarily change. Figure 7-14 shows how the H-Fly OrganisationalStructure may change during an operation.Figure 7-14 - Block Definition Diagram showing a task-based change in CommandRelationships33
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