Peptidoglycan .Types of Bacterial Cell Walls and their Taxonomic ...

VOL. 36, 1972 PEPTIDOGLYCAN TYPES OF BACTERIAL CELL WALLS
447
TABLE 30. Amino acid composition of cell walls of the genus Clostridium
Species strains m-Dpm Glu Ala L-Dpm Gly Lys
C. acetobutylicum .....
C. amylolyticum ......
C. aurantibutyricum ...
C. beijerinckii .........
C. bifermentans .......
C. botulinum ..........
C. botulinum ..........
C. butyricum ..........
C. fallax ..............
C. felsineum ..........
C. haemolyticum ......
C. histolyticum ........
C. kacto-acetophilum ...
C. limosum ...........
C. multifermentans ....
C. oedematicus ........
C. novyi ..............
C. pasteurianum .......
C. pseudofallax ........
C. putrificum .........
C. ramosus ...........
C. rubrum ............
C. spheroides .........
C. sordelli ............
C. sporogenes .........
C. tetani ..............
C. tetanomorphum ....
C. tyrobutyricum ......
C. fallax ..............
C. pectinovorum ......
C. perfringens .........
C. perfringens .........
C. perfringens .........
C. pseudofallax ........
C. innocuum ..........
C. paraputrificum .....
C. septicum ...........
C. tertium ............
4 122
16
22 1
following discussion we have tried to group
these organisms according to the different types
of peptidoglycans. The coryneform organisms
show the greatest variation of peptidoglycan
type of all bacterial families. Twenty-eight
different types occur and almost half of them
are found only among the coryneform bacteria.
(Yamada and Komagata [4291 have qualitatively
studied the amino acid composition of a
great number of cell walls of various coryneform
bacteria. A part of their data disagrees with our
findings compiled in Tables 31, 32, 33, and 34.
They did not find Orn, Hsr, Hyg, Dab, Ser, and
Thr. This may be due to nonideal conditions for
chromatography.)
Variation A 1y. A great number of coryneform
bacteria belong to the directly cross-linked,
30 32222
17 712312
1721
17 21
1
1
2
2
7 111
2 21
2
0.8
+
+
+
+
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+.
+.
1.8
+
+
+
+
1.85
+.
1.0
0.97
+
0.65
0.99
+
m-Dpm-containing
are listed in Table
77
73
77
77
_ 274
73
_ 376
73, 77, 322
77
77
77
322, 380
77
61
73, 77
322
77
77, 322
77
_ 77
143
77
_ 322
77, 274
_ 77, 322
_ 77
_ 322
_ 77
77
77, 322
77,322,380
221
296
_ 77
+ 77
77
77
77
peptidoglycan type. They
31. Using this peptidogly-
can type as a basis and taking into consideration
other features such as relation to oxygen
and occurrence of vegetative life cycles, one
can obtain further subdivisions (F. Fiedler,
Ph.D. thesis, Technical University, Munich,
1971).
A uniform group is formed by the facultative
anaerobic corynebacteria. They do not reveal a
marked life cycle and their cell walls are
distinguished by having m-Dpm and arabinogalactan.
This group comprises primarily the
human and animal pathogenic corynebacteria,
but also some nonpathogenic strains. This
group meets very well the definition of the
genus Corynebacterium sensu stricto described
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