Peptidoglycan .Types of Bacterial Cell Walls and their Taxonomic ...

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VOL. 36, 1972 PEPTIDOGLYCAN TYPES OF BACTERIAL CELL WALLS 447 TABLE 30. Amino acid composition of cell walls of the genus Clostridium Species strains m-Dpm Glu Ala L-Dpm Gly Lys C. acetobutylicum ..... C. amylolyticum ...... C. aurantibutyricum ... C. beijerinckii ......... C. bifermentans ....... C. botulinum .......... C. botulinum .......... C. butyricum .......... C. fallax .............. C. felsineum .......... C. haemolyticum ...... C. histolyticum ........ C. kacto-acetophilum ... C. limosum ........... C. multifermentans .... C. oedematicus ........ C. novyi .............. C. pasteurianum ....... C. pseudofallax ........ C. putrificum ......... C. ramosus ........... C. rubrum ............ C. spheroides ......... C. sordelli ............ C. sporogenes ......... C. tetani .............. C. tetanomorphum .... C. tyrobutyricum ...... C. fallax .............. C. pectinovorum ...... C. perfringens ......... C. perfringens ......... C. perfringens ......... C. pseudofallax ........ C. innocuum .......... C. paraputrificum ..... C. septicum ........... C. tertium ............ 4 122 16 22 1 following discussion we have tried to group these organisms according to the different types of peptidoglycans. The coryneform organisms show the greatest variation of peptidoglycan type of all bacterial families. Twenty-eight different types occur and almost half of them are found only among the coryneform bacteria. (Yamada and Komagata [4291 have qualitatively studied the amino acid composition of a great number of cell walls of various coryneform bacteria. A part of their data disagrees with our findings compiled in Tables 31, 32, 33, and 34. They did not find Orn, Hsr, Hyg, Dab, Ser, and Thr. This may be due to nonideal conditions for chromatography.) Variation A 1y. A great number of coryneform bacteria belong to the directly cross-linked, 30 32222 17 712312 1721 17 21 1 1 2 2 7 111 2 21 2 0.8 + + + + + + +. + + + + + + + + +. +. 1.8 + + + + 1.85 +. 1.0 0.97 + 0.65 0.99 + m-Dpm-containing are listed in Table 77 73 77 77 _ 274 73 _ 376 73, 77, 322 77 77 77 322, 380 77 61 73, 77 322 77 77, 322 77 _ 77 143 77 _ 322 77, 274 _ 77, 322 _ 77 _ 322 _ 77 77 77, 322 77,322,380 221 296 _ 77 + 77 77 77 77 peptidoglycan type. They 31. Using this peptidoglycan type as a basis and taking into consideration other features such as relation to oxygen and occurrence of vegetative life cycles, one can obtain further subdivisions (F. Fiedler, Ph.D. thesis, Technical University, Munich, 1971). A uniform group is formed by the facultative anaerobic corynebacteria. They do not reveal a marked life cycle and their cell walls are distinguished by having m-Dpm and arabinogalactan. This group comprises primarily the human and animal pathogenic corynebacteria, but also some nonpathogenic strains. This group meets very well the definition of the genus Corynebacterium sensu stricto described Downloaded from http://mmbr.asm.org/ on December 3, 2012 by guest
TABLE 31. Coryneform organisms with a directly cross-linked, m-Dpm containing peptidoglycana No. of' I Group Cutulore collection strains strain no. ~~~~~Arabinose and galactose" Referenee I Corynebacterium bovis C. callunae ............ C. cutis commune ...... C. diphtheriae ......... C. equi ............... C. fascians ............. C. herculis ............. C. hoagii .............. C. hoffmannii .......... C. hydrocarboclastus .... C. lilium .............. C. melassecola ......... C. nephridii ........... C. paurometabolum .... C. petrophilum ......... C. pseudodiphtheriticum C. pseudotuberculosis C. renale .............. C. rubrum ............. C. striatum ............ C. ulcerans ............ C. vesiculare ........... C. xerosis .............. M. flauum ....................... II Arthobacter albidus............... A. hydrocarboglutamicus .......... A. roseoparaffinus ................ Arthrobacter sp .................. A. variabilis ..................... A. viscosus ...................... "Micrococcus" glutamicus ......... Brevibacterium ammoniagenes B. butanicum .................... B. chang-fua ..................... B. divaricatum ................... B. flavum ....................... B. glutamigenes .................. B. immariophilum ................ B. ketoglutamicum ............... B. lactofermentum ............... B. paraffinoliticum ............... B. roseum ....................... B. saccharolyticum ............... Brevibacterium sp. B. stationis ...................... B. taipei ......................... B. vitarumen .................... III B. linens ........................ B. leucinophagum ................ IV L. monocytogenes ................ 1 1 1 3 1 8 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 14 23 8 14 4 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 ATCC 7715 ATCC 15991 NCTC 1621 ATCC 12974,12975 ATCC 13868 ATCC 15108,15592 ATCC 15990 ATCC 17966 ATCC 11425 ATCC 8368 ATCC 19080 ATCC 10700 ATCC 809 NCTC 7448 ATCC 14898 ATCC 6940 NCTC 7910 ATCC 11426 ATCC 373, 7094, 7711, 9016 ATCC 10340 ATCC 15243 ATCC 15583 ATCC 15584 ATCC 19140, NCIB 9864 ATCC 15753, NCIB 9455 NCIB 10261,ATCC 15294, 15583 ATCC 13058, 13059, 13060, 13268, 13287, 13223, 13761, 15035 ATCC 6872, 15137, 15750 ATCC 21196 ATCC 14017 ATCC 14020 ATCC 13826,14067 ATCC 13747 ATCC 14068 ATCC 15587 ATCC 13655,13869 ATCC 21195 ATCC 13825 ATCC 14066 ATCC 14649,19165 ATCC 14403 ATCC 13744 ATCC 10234 ATCC 8377, 9172, 9174, 9175 ATCC 13809 I L A. a A1y; Fig. 6. 5See footnote a in Table 20. c The occurrence of arabinose and galactose in the cell walls was established either by Cummins (75) or by F. Fiedler in our laboratory. 0, Not determined. d F. Fiedler, Ph.D. thesis, Technical University, Munich, 1971. 448 0 0 0 0 I 0 1-f 0 0 0 0 0 ± + -4- + t + + 74 101 23 101, 69 69 101, 69 429 429 23 Fiedler', 429 101 Fiedler 101 101 Fiedler 101 101 69 101 1(1 69 Fiedler 101, 74 335 101 Fiedler Fiedler 101 101 101 101 101, 429 Fiedler 101 101 101 101 101 101 101 Fiedler 101 101 Fiedler 101 101 101 101 101 233, Fiedler Downloaded from http://mmbr.asm.org/ on December 3, 2012 by guest
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