Mathematica Tutorial: Notebooks And Documents - Wolfram Research

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For use with Wolfram Mathematica ® 7.0 and later.For the latest updates and corrections to this manual:visit reference.wolfram.comFor information on additional copies of this documentation:visit the Customer Service website at www.wolfram.com/services/customerserviceor email Customer Service at info@wolfram.comComments on this manual are welcomed at:comments@wolfram.comPrinted in the United States of America.15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2©2008 Wolfram Research, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyrightholder.Wolfram Research is the holder of the copyright to the Wolfram Mathematica software system ("Software") describedin this document, including without limitation such aspects of the system as its code, structure, sequence,organization, “look and feel,” programming language, and compilation of command names. Use of the Softwareunless pursuant to the terms of a license granted by Wolfram Research or as otherwise authorized by law is aninfringement of the copyright.Wolfram Research, Inc. and Wolfram Media, Inc. ("Wolfram") make no representations, express,statutory, or implied, with respect to the Software (or any aspect thereof), including, without limitation,any implied warranties of merchantability, interoperability, or fitness for a particular purpose, all of whichare expressly disclaimed. Wolfram does not warrant that the functions of the Software will meet yourrequirements or that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free. As such, Wolframdoes not recommend the use of the software described in this document for applications in which errorsor omissions could threaten life, injury or significant loss.Mathematica, MathLink, and MathSource are registered trademarks of Wolfram Research, Inc. J/Link, MathLM,.NET/Link, and webMathematica are trademarks of Wolfram Research, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark ofMicrosoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. Macintosh is a registered trademark of AppleComputer, Inc. All other trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. Mathematica is notassociated with Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.
ContentsNotebook InterfaceNotebook Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Doing Computations in Notebooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Notebooks as Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Working with Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12The Option Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Notebook History Dialog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Input and Output in NotebooksEntering Greek Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Entering Two-Dimensional Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Editing and Evaluating Two-Dimensional Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Entering Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Entering Tables and Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Subscripts, Bars and Other Modifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Non-English Characters and Keyboards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Other Mathematical Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Forms of Input and Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Mixing Text and Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Displaying and Printing Mathematica Notebooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Setting Up Hyperlinks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Automatic Numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Exposition in Mathematica Notebooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Named Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Textual Input and OutputHow Input and Output Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61The Representation of Textual Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62The Interpretation of Textual Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Short and Shallow Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67String-Oriented Output Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Output Formats for Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Tables and Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Styles and Fonts in Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Representing Textual Forms by Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92String Representation of Boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Converting between Strings, Boxes and Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102The Syntax of the Mathematica Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
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Page 5 and 6: Notebook InterfaceUsing a Notebook
Page 7 and 8: Notebooks and Documents 3After you
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Notebooks and Documents 51Mathemati
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é \[EAcute] Çe'Çē \[EBar] Çe-
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Mathematica Tutorial: Notebooks And Documents - Wolfram Research

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