Homophobia and Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation ...

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European Union Agency for Fundamental RightsMemberStateNetherl<strong>and</strong>sAustriaSame-sex marriageconcluded in another EUMember StateIn 2001 civil Marriage wasopened up for same-sexcouples since 2001. 133 Thenotion of ‘spouse’ in theVreemdelingenbesluit[Aliens Decree]),implementing Directive2004/38/EC, thereforeextends to same-sexmarried partners.The Niederlassungs- undAufenthaltsgesetz[Settlement <strong>and</strong> ResidenceAct] 135 is not explicit onwhether same-sex marriedpartners would berecognised as ‘spouses’.Registered partnershipconcluded in another EUMember StateSince 1998 Dutch law hasprovided for a registeredpartnership for both same-sex<strong>and</strong> different-sex couples. 134 Butthe assimilation of partnersregistered in another EU MemberState to family members followsin any event, from the recognitionof same-sex marriage in theNetherl<strong>and</strong>s.On 1 October 2007, the ÖVPannounced its support for aregistered partnership (a form ofcivil union); it is thus likely thatthe registered partnerships orcivil unions will be legalised inthe course of 2008, followingwhich Austria would have toconsider partnerships concludedin another MS as equivalent tomarriageRecognition of de factorelationships as ‘durable’<strong>and</strong> ‘duly attested’Under Article 8.7,Vreemdelingenbesluit[Aliens Decree], theunmarried <strong>and</strong> unregisteredpartner with whom the EUcitizen is in a duly attestedstable long-term relationshiphas a right to residence.Applicants can simplysubmit a st<strong>and</strong>ard form inwhich they solemnly declarethat they have such arelationship.The existence of such apartnership can be proved,e.g., by providing witnesses,documents, photos or aregistration card; there is nolegal minimum period oftime for which the ‘stablepartnership’ must havelasted in the country oforigin.133Wet openstelling huwelijk [Act on the Opening Up of Marriage] of 21.12.2000 Staatsblad (Law gazette)2001/ 9.134Aanpassingswet geregistreerd partnerschap [Registered Partnership Adjustment Act] of 17.12.1997(Staatsblad 1997, nr. 660). In force since 01.01.1998.135Austria/BGBl I 157/2005, last amended by BGBl I 4/2008 (04.01.2008).82
<strong>Homophobia</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Discrimination</strong> on Grounds of Sexual Orientation in the EU Member StatesPart I – Legal AnalysisMemberStateSame-sex marriageconcluded in another EUMember StatePol<strong>and</strong> Although Article 2 Section 4of the Law of 14.07.2006on entry to Polish territory,residence on <strong>and</strong> exit fromthis territory by Europeancitizens <strong>and</strong> their familymembers136 includes the‘spouse’ of the citizen of theUnion among the familymembers benefiting fromthe right to entry <strong>and</strong>residence, this may not beinterpreted as same-sexspouses for reasons ofpublic policy <strong>and</strong> becauseof Article 18 of the PolishConstitutionPortugal Article 2(e) of Lei 37/2006implements Directive2004/38/EC. It is silentabout the meaning of‘spouses’, however samesexmarriage presumablywould not be recognised asgiving rise to a right tofamily reunification.Registered partnershipconcluded in another EUMember StateThere is currently no registeredpartnership in Polish law <strong>and</strong> theregistered partner of a citizen ofthe Union is therefore notgranted automatic rights of entry<strong>and</strong> residence.There is currently no registeredpartnership in Portuguese law,the registered partner of a citizenof the Union is therefore notgranted automatic rights of entry<strong>and</strong> residence.Recognition of de factorelationships as ‘durable’<strong>and</strong> ‘duly attested’The Law on Entry intoPolish Territory does notenvisage any mechanismfacilitating theimplementation of Art. 3(2)of Directive 2004/38/EC,therefore no criteria are setin Polish lawThe partner with whom anEU citizen lives in a de factounion or permanentrelationship duly attested toby the Member State inwhich they reside will begranted a right to familyreunification.136Pol<strong>and</strong>/Ustawa z dnia 14 lipca 2006 r. o wjeździe na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, pobycie orazwyjeździe z tego terytorium obywateli państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej i członków ich rodzin,Dziennik Ustaw [Journal of Laws] of 2006, No. 144, item 1043.83
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