What's a Polar Bear Doing in the Tropics? - Animal Concerns ...

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APPENDIX IV: GUIDELINES FOR SUBSTRATEWSPA• All individuals shall have free access to substrates at all times and indifferent microclimates. Substrates shall not be harmful to theanimal’s skin or fur, and it shall be provided in such amounts as toaccommodate for a full behavioural repertoire.• For all bear species substrate shall consist of natural groundvegetation. It shall be available in both shady and sunny places inorder to provide a choice of microclimate according to the weatherconditions.• Ground surfaces shall vary across enclosures, incorporating naturalvegetation, earth, grass, bushes and trees.• A sufficient quantity of areas/pits shall be available to accommodateall individuals in the enclosure.• Nesting materials shall be available in both indoor and outdoorquarters. Areas shall contain materials such as dry leaves, hay, straw,wooden shavings or wood chips.TAG• Areas should contain materials such as dry leaves, hay, straw, woodenshavings or wood chips.• Natural ground vegetation that is the best substrate for all bearspecies should be placed in both shady and sunny places in order toprovide a choice of microclimate according to weather condition.• When planning new enclosures, ground vegetation should, if possible,consist of natural flora, otherwise a grass/herb mixture along withtrees and bushes should be used.ABWAK• When constructing new exhibits for polar bears, areas of naturalvegetation should be available where animals can express their fullbehavioural repertoire.UFAW• For polar bears, existing enclosures should be modified and shouldincorporate natural substrates and natural areas. Pits of sand, barklitter, soil or pebbles stimulate digging, building daybeds, rubbing andforaging. And it provides the animal with a comfortable resting area.There should be sufficient mummers of pits and natural areas so thatone individual does not monopolise these substrates.• Bears should have nesting materials (straw, wood wool, branches orleaves) in both indoor and outdoor quarters.What’s a polar bear doing in the tropics?94www.acres.org.sg
APPENDIX V: GUIDELINES FOR ENCLOSUREFURNITUREWSPA• Enclosures shall contain suitable features to enable bears to climb, toview horizons, as obstacles to keep bears apart and for retreat toavoid visual contact between individuals.• Shrubs and tree branches shall be included in the enclosure in order tohide food and encourage natural foraging behaviour.• Structures and furniture shall be well placed to allow animals to movefreely.• Enclosures shall be equipped with claw logs (tree trunks, logs etc.) ofsufficient size to allow fro proper claw or talon exercises.ABWAK• For polar bears, when improving existing enclosures introduce: largetree trunks, sand pits, bark litter pits to allow for foraging, digging,building daybeds, climbing and resting in substrates.• For polar bears, indoor accommodation should contain woodenplatforms raised above groundWhat’s a polar bear doing in the tropics?95www.acres.org.sg
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animal is diving. They also eat car
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individual’s own choices. This ab
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Following his investigations into t
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What’s a polar bear doing in the
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Accommodation20 All animal accommod
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Table 3.1 Categories of behaviours
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TABLE 3.5 Lying flat behaviour prof
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3.2.1 Adaptation to Arctic coldPola
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3.2.2 Reasons for panting and lying
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3.2.3 Heat stress experienced in Si
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the pool area. However, theeffectiv
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3.2.4 Algal growth in furInuka cove
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What’s a polar bear doing in the
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Table 4.1 Categories of behaviours
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TABLE 4.4 Activity pattern of Sheba
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TABLE 4.6 Abnormal behaviour profil
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4.2.1 Prevalence of abnormal stereo
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Page 52 and 53: Guidelines and LegislationsGuidelin
Page 54 and 55: equirements stated in the Province
Page 56 and 57: problem with these old designs is t
Page 58 and 59: SubstrateThe polar bear enclosure d
Page 60 and 61: In the 2004 report, Acresrecommende
Page 62 and 63: FurnitureThe enclosure does not pro
Page 64 and 65: Private areasThe lack of private ar
Page 66 and 67: 5.1.2 Problems in husbandryUse/acce
Page 68 and 69: At a workshop on the Behavioural Ne
Page 70 and 71: disintegrating objects in an enclos
Page 72 and 73: interesting. At no time were the be
Page 74 and 75: 5.2.3 Condition of teeth 10Sheba ha
Page 76 and 77: demonstrating species-appropriate b
Page 78 and 79: What’s a polar bear doing in the
Page 80 and 81: Today there is just one polar bear
Page 84 and 85: Providing natural substrates in enc
Page 86 and 87: Stimulating olfactory and rubbing b
Page 90 and 91: Singapore Zoo states that they are
Page 92 and 93: 22. Wood, D. 1995. Bears. Whitecap
Page 94 and 95: 66. Baars, D. and Weegenaar, A. 199
Page 96 and 97: APPENDIX I: GUIDELINES FOR ENCLOSUR
Page 98 and 99: • For polar bears the ratio of wa
Page 102 and 103: APPENDIX VI: GUIDELINES FOR PRIVATE
Page 104 and 105: • Environmental enrichment should
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