What's a Polar Bear Doing in the Tropics? - Animal Concerns ...

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What’s a polar bear doing in the tropics?34www.acres.org.sg
CHAPTER 4EFFECTS OF CAPTIVITY ON SINGAPORE ZOOPOLAR BEARS4.1 Detailed behavioural study: Effects of captivity4.1.1 MethodsA preliminary study was conducted in August 2005. The preliminary studyprovided an opportunity for the observers to familiarise themselves with thebehavioural repertoire of the animals, as well as refining the observationprotocol.Since data on behavioural states rather than events were collected and thesubjects were sampled using a few behavioural categories (Table 4.1), thepolar bears were observed in their enclosure using instantaneous and scananimal sampling. 45 Scans were made every two minutes to determine whichof the behaviour categories (defined in Table 4.1 and 4.2) each individualwas engaged in. The sampling interval of two minutes was chosen after thepreliminary study, since it gave the closest account of their behaviour.Ad libitum sampling was also used to record novel or intriguing behavioursand actions.Following the preliminary study, observations were made from Septemberuntil December 2005 between the hours of approximately 1000 and 1730 fora total of seven days. Observations were made for 3150 minutes with a totalof 1575 sample points.What’s a polar bear doing in the tropics?35www.acres.org.sg
Page 16 and 17: animal is diving. They also eat car
Page 18 and 19: individual’s own choices. This ab
Page 20 and 21: Following his investigations into t
Page 22 and 23: What’s a polar bear doing in the
Page 24 and 25: Accommodation20 All animal accommod
Page 26 and 27: Table 3.1 Categories of behaviours
Page 28 and 29: TABLE 3.5 Lying flat behaviour prof
Page 30 and 31: 3.2.1 Adaptation to Arctic coldPola
Page 32 and 33: 3.2.2 Reasons for panting and lying
Page 34 and 35: 3.2.3 Heat stress experienced in Si
Page 36 and 37: the pool area. However, theeffectiv
Page 38 and 39: 3.2.4 Algal growth in furInuka cove
Page 42 and 43: Table 4.1 Categories of behaviours
Page 44 and 45: TABLE 4.4 Activity pattern of Sheba
Page 46 and 47: TABLE 4.6 Abnormal behaviour profil
Page 48 and 49: 4.2.1 Prevalence of abnormal stereo
Page 50 and 51: to more space, a more complex, quie
Page 52 and 53: Guidelines and LegislationsGuidelin
Page 54 and 55: equirements stated in the Province
Page 56 and 57: problem with these old designs is t
Page 58 and 59: SubstrateThe polar bear enclosure d
Page 60 and 61: In the 2004 report, Acresrecommende
Page 62 and 63: FurnitureThe enclosure does not pro
Page 64 and 65: Private areasThe lack of private ar
Page 66 and 67: 5.1.2 Problems in husbandryUse/acce
Page 68 and 69: At a workshop on the Behavioural Ne
Page 70 and 71: disintegrating objects in an enclos
Page 72 and 73: interesting. At no time were the be
Page 74 and 75: 5.2.3 Condition of teeth 10Sheba ha
Page 76 and 77: demonstrating species-appropriate b
Page 80 and 81: Today there is just one polar bear
Page 84 and 85: Providing natural substrates in enc
Page 86 and 87: Stimulating olfactory and rubbing b
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Singapore Zoo states that they are
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22. Wood, D. 1995. Bears. Whitecap
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66. Baars, D. and Weegenaar, A. 199
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APPENDIX I: GUIDELINES FOR ENCLOSUR
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• For polar bears the ratio of wa
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APPENDIX IV: GUIDELINES FOR SUBSTRA
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APPENDIX VI: GUIDELINES FOR PRIVATE
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• Environmental enrichment should
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