Herbivore-induced, indirect plant defences - UPCH

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104G. Arimura et al. / Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1734 (2005) 91–111Connectivity exists between multiple defences, as theyare often regulated via the same signalling cascade[267,268], leading to considerable methodological problemswhen individual defensive plant traits are studied. Forexample, the clear distinction between pure pathogen andherbivore defence pathways was undermined by the findingthat the type of damage inflicted by an herbivore (chewingcaterpillars versus sucking aphids) determines whichdefence pathway (SA versus JA) is activated. Furtheridentification of specific elicitors and the incorporation ofresponse mutants and transgenic plants will contribute toseparate the different defence responses. These newapproaches have to be complemented by creative fieldexperiments and comparative approaches to gain betterinsights into emerging areas like, e.g., the macroecology orcommunity ecology of induced, indirect defences. 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