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H.A\. 35flEX.LIBR1SD[I HEW- MORRISON fl
Dara Mios an Earraich, 18 /S. 18 Air.iMMiJMIBiW ii I li^lWWW. WALLACE, PRINTER, 34 HUTCHESON STREET, GLASGOW.
THE GAEL ADVERTISEMENTS.EMIGRATIONPROVINCE OF ONTARIO,a J^ isr J^ ID J^.TENANT FARMERS—improved Farms, with Dwellings and Farm Buildings,can be purchased at from £4 to £10 stg. per Acre, or for the amount required tocarry on a leased farm in Tireat Britain.CAPITALISTS—Eight percent, can easily be obtained for money, on first-classsecurity.MECHANICS, FARM LABOURERS, SERVANT GIRLS-Employmentcan readily be obtained at good wages.REGISTERS OF THE LABOUR MARKET and <strong>of</strong> improved Farms forsale, are kept at the Innnigration Agencies in the Province, and arrangementsare made for directing immigrants to those points Mhere employment can bemost readily obtained. Several new lines <strong>of</strong> Railway and other Public Worksare in course <strong>of</strong> constriiction, or about being commenced, which will aflford employmentto an almost unlimited number <strong>of</strong> labourers.A FEEE &EA2TT OF 200 ACHESOf Land can be obtained, on condition <strong>of</strong> settlement, by every head <strong>of</strong> a familyhaving children under 18 years <strong>of</strong> age ; and any other person over 18 years <strong>of</strong> age canobtain a FREE GRANT OF 100 ACRES, on conditi(m <strong>of</strong> settlement. Theselands are protected from seizure for any debt incurred before the issue <strong>of</strong> the Patent,and for 20 years after its issue, by a "Homk.ste.\d Exemption Acr."Em'ujrantx, on their arrival at Queher, Khititlil communicate with the Agent for theProvince <strong>of</strong> Ontario, Mr. G. T. Hakjh, who attends all Vessels coming into port.ASSIST EI3PA.SSAGES.The Government <strong>of</strong> Ontario will pay to regularly organised Emigration Societies,or to individuals, in Europe or in Ontario, the .sum <strong>of</strong> six dollars (£1 4s. 8d. stg.) forevery statute adult pecuniarily assisted and sent to this Province, or to any emigrantpaying his or her own passage, or the passage <strong>of</strong> his or her family, but each emigrantas above must be approved <strong>of</strong> by some one <strong>of</strong> the Ontario Agents in Great Britain andEurope, or by the London Agent for the Dominion <strong>of</strong> Canada, and have from suchAgent a certificate which will entitle him or her to the refund or bonus f)f six dollarsafter residence <strong>of</strong> three months in the Province ; and at least 75 per cent, <strong>of</strong> theemigrants must be <strong>of</strong> the agricultural or farm-labouring class.On landing at Quebec the certificate must be presented to the Ontario Agent,who will endorse it and give the emigrant instructions and a Free Pass to proceed tohis destination.Assisted ocean passages from Great Britain or Ireland to Quebec £4 5s. eachadult; children under 8 j'ears <strong>of</strong> age, half-price.Forms <strong>of</strong> Certificate, and full information, can be had by application to W.Dixon, 11 Adam Street, Adelphi ; <strong>An</strong>gu.s Nicholson, Dominion Emigration Agentfor the Highlands <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> ; and Piev. Horrocks Cocks, 120 Salisbury Square,London ; to C. J. Sheil, Eden Quay, Dublin ; to J. M'Millan, 13 Claremont Street,Belfast ; to Alex. Begg, Chief Commissioner for Ontario, in <strong>Scotland</strong>, 43 York Street,Glasgow ; to Col. G. T. Denison, 11 Adam Street, Adelphi, London ; to John Dyke,Germany ; to Dominic Wagner, Alsace ; or to any other Commissioner or Agentfor the Province <strong>of</strong> Ontario.ARCHIBALD McKELLAR,Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture and Public Works,Toronto, Province <strong>of</strong> Ontario, 1873.Coiiimissioner.
ANGAIDHEAL;—PAIPEIR-NAIDHEACHDAGUSLEABHAE-SGEOILGAIDHEAL AGE(AlREAMH 13 GU '2i.)' 'Mar ghath soluis do m' anam feinTha sgeula na h-aimsir a dh' f habh.''Oisean".GLASGOW:PRIIsTED BY WALLACE & BRY80N, 3-1 HUTCHESON STREET.18 7 4.
(iLASUOW:i' K 1 N T E D 11 V \\- ALL A ( ' E& B R Y 8 Ct N,.!4 111 ICIILSON Strkkt.UURISTON CASTLELIBRARY" ^;:ESS!UN
CLAR-INNSIDH.(Contents <strong>of</strong> Vol. II.)TaobiiAdhliiicean ami au Chiuaj S'jiathunach,332Ainmhidheau, Alandalr Euudii 146America, Mar a fhuaradh a mach,P. Mac-Griorjair, . . .47, 267Baucaichean-caomhnaidli, A lu.-
<strong>An</strong> t-Urraìiach M. Macaoidh, LL.D.
II. Leabii.] DARA MIOS AN EARRAICH, 1873. [13 Air.AN T-URRAMACH MACAN-TOISICH MACAOIDH, LL.D.<strong>An</strong>n san aireamh so de n' Ghaidh-meas agus ann an cuimhne speiseilnan Gaidlieal, na an t-urramach, ant-OllamhMacaoidh. Mar nach toighleinn luaidh. air cliu neacb air bitbann an cainnt aig am biodh suaip rimiodal no ri bi'osgul, bheir sinn gearrchunntasair a bheatba agus air asliaothaireanmaitheasacli,luachmhor,neo-fheineil ann an aobhar leas aimsireilagus spioradail a luchd dùtbclia,aig an tigh agus bhuaithe.Rugadh an t-Ollamh Macaoidh airan ochdamh latha deug, de cheudmhios a' Gheambruidii 1793, aii- fearamiDhuaird-bheag, Sgii-eachd Eadarachaolaisann an Cataobh—an sgireaclidann san robh a sheanaii- agus asbinn-seanair 'nam ministeirean. <strong>An</strong>dèigh dhadol troimb'n chm-sa ghnàtbaicbtedo fhoghlum agus do oileineacbadhaii-son dreuchd na ministrealachd,fhuair e cead searmonachaidbanns a' bhliadhna 1823. Bha eair a shuidlieachadh ann an sgii-eachdLagain ann sa bhliadhna 1825,agus air atharrachadh gu sgireachdaonaichte Dhunomhain agus Chillemhunnaann sa bhliadhna 1832.Chuir uireasbhuidh spioradail nasgix-eachd ud sar-dheuchainn air'uile dhichioll; ach cha b' fhadgus an deachaidh leis EaglaisDhun-omhainn a mheudachadh, Eag-eal, tha sinn a' toirt d'ar hichd leughaidhdealbh an Ollaimli Mhicaoidh. mhunna, Eaglais TheachdaraU alais sgii-eachd a thogail ann an Cille-Tiia sinn a' cur romhainn o am gu thogail aig ToU-aird, agus aou eileam, mar a bhios cothrom againn, dealbhancuid do na daoine is iiughala reach aidh freagarrach a shuidh-aig Aird-an-teine, agus luchd saoth- \agus is aithnicbte a bhuiueas do fhior eachadh gu bhi cviideachadh leisshliocbd nam beann, a cbur ann sa anu an obair na ministrealachd.Ghaidheal ail- an doigh cheudna. Aig am au Dealachaidh anu saChan eil iad ach ainneamh, marbh no bhliadhna 1843, thug an t-Ollamhbeò, is aii'idh air àite is airde ann am Macaoidh suas aon de na beolaiudeana b' f hearr a bha 's au Eaglaissteidhichte ; agus ann au daimh risan Eaglais Shaoir, re nine fhad bhaa shaothaireau ro mhor agus roluachmhor. Mar fhear-gairm Conuiiuunan Seanaidheau Gaidhealach'o1844 gu 1847, bha morau d'a iiiueair a caitheamh ann au cuairtean airfeadh Eileiueau iomallach na Gaidhealtachd,anu 'sà bhirliuu— a' " Bhraidealbunn"a' searmonachadh an t-soisgeil do 'n t-sluagh ; agus aig anam cheudna a' sgriobhadh agus agullachadh leabhar miosail da 'mb'ainm "<strong>An</strong> Fhianuis."Nuair a bha a Ghaidhealtachd aira fiosrachadh le gorta, le seargadh abhuntàta ann 's na bliadhnachau1846-7 agus 8, thug au t-OllamhMacaoidh suidheachadh aiaibeartacha luchd-dutcha fa chomhair LuchdgnothuichArd-sheauaidh na h-EaglaisSaoire, ami san ochd-mhios 1846,agus mar thoradh air a dhian thagradhas au leth bha ciùg mile deugPuund Sasuuach air a thioiial ammeasg choithionalan na h-Eaglais,agus tre an robh morau sluaigh airan tiorcadh o ghorta bhàsmhor.
—<strong>An</strong>n an Seauadh Earra-g'hàidheal,anil sa bhliadhua 1845, Clmir e aircliois loumbas Cuideacbaidh d<strong>of</strong>hoghlumaich airson na ministrealachd,a tha o 'u am iid air a chumailsuas, agus o 'n robh Ceud gu lethPnund Sasuuach air a roiuu ocliiouu bliadhna no 'dha air seachddeng do fhoghlumaichibh anu anOileamhaidean na h-Eaglais ; agusre nine f bada bba e a solar o cbairdeanfialaidb 's an taobb deas, seaceud Piinnd Sasuiiacb gacb bUadbnagu bhi a cuideac'liadh le oganaicbbhocbda Gbaidbealacb iad fein oileineacbadbairson di-eucbd na ininistrealacbd.Agus le cuideachadhmhnatban uasal cairdeil, cbuir e aircbois, " Comunn nibnatban uaisle nab-eaglais Sbaoir," airson sgoilean acliuiiiail suas ami an cearnaibb iomallacbde na b-eileinean Gaidbealacb.<strong>An</strong>n sa bbliadbna 1849 bba ant-Ollamb JNIacaoidb aLr a tbagbadbgu b-aonsgeubiob gii blii na Cbeannsuidbeail- Ard Sbeanadb na b-EaglaisSbaoii-,—suidbeacliadb anns nacbdo dbeaii'inad e leas a lucbd dùtbcba.Aig am d'a bbeatba amis an robb"sgail an fbeasgair ag iadhadb air,"cbaidb e cuairt do Australia^ far ando db'fbuiling e ioma cruaidbcbasagus uireasbbuidb ann a bbisuidbeacbadb agus a' meudacbadbEaglaisean ann an caocblatlb aiteacbando ùr-tbreabbacbais Victoriaagus N. S. Wales. Aii- dba tilleadbdbacbaidb, gbabb e os laiinb coitbionalna b-Eaglais Sbaoii- anns nab-Earradb, agus an deidb dba morana cbosd ri togail tigb iniuisteir, tigbsgoil, agus ri caramb na b-Eaglais;fbuair e fear-cuideacbaidb d'an tug esuas an t-iomlan de'n obaii- agus d'abbeoUiind; air dba f baotainn a macbnacb robb a neart co-ionnan ris anobaii- a bba aige ri dbeanamb aimsan aite gbarbb agus iomallacb udtini measg coitbional sgapta.Mar Dbiadbaii- dombaiu fallainAN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Earraich, 1873.agus tulcbuiseacb ; mar Tbeangairagus mar ùgbdaii-, tba aite seasaidbard agus aitbnicbte aig an OllambMacaoidb am measg ard sgoileireanna linn so. Acb mar sgoileii- Gailig,is e is dòcba gum bbeil e da rlreadbgun letb-bbreac aig an dearbb amso, ged a tba aireamb ann a tba leeud agus adbartacbd cliù-tboiUtinneacb,a leantuinn a cbeumanna.Cba 'n ann an diugb no an de, atbainig an t-Ollamb Macaoidb guire ard agus urramacb mar sgoileirGiiilig. <strong>An</strong>n an deanamb suas"Foclaii- mor Gailig Comunn Gaidbealacbna b-Alba," ged a bba anobair air a marasglacbadb le sgoileii'-ean ainmeil nacb maireann : Dr.Iain M'Leoid Dbundonuill, le cuideacbadbEogbain Mbic-Lacbuinn,Abareadbain, Dr. A. Irvine, Dliuncballionn-bbig,agus leis an UrramacbAlasdair Dombnullacb, a bba ann anCraoibb ; is ann leis an Ollamb Macaoidba bba an obair aii- a criocbnacbadbagus aii* a ceartacbadbmar a bba i a dol troimb 'ncblù. Ka sbean aois agus na 'laigse,tba e fbatbasd eudmbor dicbiollacbgu bbi togail suas na Gailig, marcbanain, a db' ionnsuidb an t-seasaimbard a tba dligbeacb dbi ammeasg cbànainean aosda agus ardugbdarailnan linntibb a tbrèig.Cban eil acb ro gboii-id bbo nacbi-iocbnaicb e Eacbdraidb na b-Eaglais, ann an Gailig, agus a'db'ullaicb e ail-son a cblo ''Eacbdraidbnam Fiugbalacb Albannacb" air a b-eadar-tbeangacbadb gu Gailig leis anOllamb Mac' Illebbrà.AIR CRUINN-MHEALLAIBHSOILLSEACH NAN SPEUE.V. Eareaxx.AIR NA REULTAIBH MARS,BHESTA, I UNO, CERES, PALLAS,AGUS, IUPITER.Tha oibre a' cbiutbacbaidb a' foil].-eacbadb gliocais an Tigbeam D'-.
!!Dara Mios an Earraich, 1S73.AN GAIDHEAL.eadton do'n inntinn as mi-cliùramaicheagiis as neo-mhothuchaileNach mòr an gliocas a shuidhich a'ghrian aig astar co fad o'n talamh,is nach 'eil an tomhas soluis agusteas a ta sinn a' faotuinn uaipe aonchiiid t^illeadh's mòr, no tiiilleadh'sbeag? Na'm biomaid na b'fhaisgedo'n ghrein na tha sinn, bhiodh antalamh agus sinne air uachdar aii" arcrionadh le teas ; agns nam biomaidna b'fhaide iiaipe, dheanadh reodhaagus fuachd ar milleadli gu tur.Ach air d'on talamh a bhi aig astarfreagarrach o'n ghrein, tha sinn a'mealtuinn a feai'tan air sheòl iomchuidhagus taitneach ; agus air daa bhi 'cur char deth aii' a mhul fein,tha gach rioghachd agus diithaichair 'uachdar a' mealtuinn teas agussoluis na grèine 'nan am fein, gachCO math is leis an talamh ; agusfèudar a radh maille ri Daibhidh,"Gur uamhasach iongantach a dhealbhadh,cha'n e nihàin an duine, achmar an ceudna gach ni a ta airaghaidh na cruitheachd."Tha sinn a nis gu cunntas a thoii-tair Mars an ath rèult arm an ordugh.Tha Mars coig uaii-ean nis lugha n'antalamh, ach aig astar mòran nis faideo'n ghrein. Tha Mars mu thimchiollceithir mile agus da chèud de mhiltibhtroimhe, agus sia fichead aguscoig muillean de mhiltibh air falbho'n ghrein. Tha'n rèult so a' siubhal'na cearcall fein, da fhichead agusseachd mile de mhiltibh ann an uair,agus a' criochnachadh a turais annan aon uair ni's lugha na sia cead,ceithir fichead agus seachd laithean.Tha bliadhna Mhars, uime sin, achbeag CO fada ri dhà de na bliadhnaibhagainn-ne. Tha'n rèult so a' tionndadhail- a mul fein ann am ficheadagus ceithir uairibh, agus da fhicheadmionaid, air chor 's gu'm bheil laMhars da fhichead mionaid ni's faidena la na talmhainn. Ma tha creutaireanreusonta ann am Mars, cha'nfhaic iad a' ghrian ach leth co mòris a ta sinne ga faicinn, agus cha'nfhaigh iad ach a leth uu-ead soluisagus teas uaipe,'sata sinne a' faotuinn.Ma tha gealach idir aig an reult so,cha'n urrainn sinne a faicinn aig alughad ; ach ma tha crèutairean annam Mars, chi iad an talamh agus a'ghealach againn-ne, mar dha gheal-la dhe'n bhliadhna. Tha solus agus ach, tè dhiubh beag, agus an tè eiledorchadas a' teachd an dèigh a' cheile mòr, a' sir chaochladh gun a bhigu riaghailteach, agus tha iad air an idir Ian ! Le gloineachaibh-amhaii-caobhar sin chum leas agus comhfhurtachdgach dùil bheo. " Chuir ann am Mars ; agus chithear, marchithear coslas chuantan agus thireanDia dealachadh eadar an solus agus an ceudna, aogas sneachda air naan dorchadas," agus mar sin, le h-earrannaibh sin deth, a ta air chùlgliocas neo-chriochnuichte, rinn e an na gi'èine ; agus tha daoine foghluimtea' co'-dhunadh gur .sneachd ala chum saoithreach agus oibre, agusan oidhche chum cadail agus foise.Tha'n fhii-inn chèudna air a foillseachadhle reultaibh neamhe gu lèir,th'ann, do bhrigh gu'm bheil e anabari-achgeal, agus gu'm bheil e falbhgu h-iomlan, an uair a bhuaileas teasna grèine aii' na h-ionadaibh sin faram bheil e 'laidhe gu domhain regèamhi'aidh na rèilte so. Air d'i abhi mòran ni's faide o'n ghrein n'antalamh, cha'n fhaicear i a chaoidh a'teachd, cosmhuil ri Mercuri agusBhènus, eadar an talamh agus a'ghrian, gidheadh, aig amannaibhsònraichte chithear i a' siubhal mu'nghrein 'na cuairt fharsuing feinAir an taobh a mach do Mhars thaceithir reulta beaga a cuairteachadhna gi-eine, gach aon 'na cearcall fein.'S iad so Bhesta, Iuno, Ceres, agusPallas, agus cha'n 'eil am meùd achbeagan ni's mo na a' ghealach againnne.Tha iad da uair co fad o'n
Bhesta a mach aims a' bhliadhna1807, luno anns a' bhliadhna 1804,Ceres anns a' bhliadhna 1801, agusPallas anns a' bhliadhna 1802.Bheir sinn iomi'adh a nis airluPiTER, an rèult a's mo agus a'sMrdheirce de na rèultaibh uile, airdi a bhi mile uair ni's mo n'antalamh, agus seaehd agus ceithirfichead mile de mhlltibh troipe. Thalupiter ceithii' chiad agus sia tharfhichead mviillean de mhiltibh o'nghrèin, agus tha e 'siubhal 'na chearcallcuig mile fichead de mhiltibhanns an uair. Tha'n rèult so a'gabhail aon bhliadhna deug agusdeich miosan chum aon chuairt achm- air a' ghrèin, agus air an aobharmor ri ar bhliadhna-ne. Tha ceithirgealaichean aig lupiter, a ta 'gachuaii-teachadh ceart mar a ta narèultan a' cuairteachadh na grèine.Tha cam laidhe agus eii-idh gachgealaich dhiubh so air fhaotuinn amach air son gach la 'sa bhliadhna,aig lupiter agus Saturn, uime sin,anabarrach feumail duinne, a chionngur ann leo sin a's cinntiche a gheibhmaraichean a mach a' cheart ait airdoimhneachdaibh na faii-ge anns amAN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Earraich, 1S73.ghrèin ri Mars, agus a gabhail a bi iad na air sheùl sam bi eile. Thadha uiread ùine chum cuairt a chur aghaidh lupiteir aii- a comdachadhair a' ghrèin. Cha'n 'eil ach goirid le fàinnibh, no le criosaibh leathanno'n fhuaradh a mach iad, agiis tha agus fosgailte, agus tha tèallsanaichiad CO beag, agus aig astar co fad air a' deanamh mach gur neoil iad a tafalbh, is nach 'eil dùil aig sluagli air an dòigh iongantach so a cuairteachadhna rèilte so ! Tha e cinn-gu'n rannsaichear iad a cliaoidh amach air mhodh cmteach. Fhuaradh teach gur mor am fuachd a ta annan lupiter, do brigh gu'm bheil eaig astar co fada air lali)h o'n ghrèin,IS gu'm bi a gathann fann agus lagmu'n comas doibh ruigheachd air anvèilt mhòLr so ; agus tha'n seol airam bheil lupiter air a shuidheachadhail" a mhul fein, a' toirt mu'n cuairtnach 'eila bheag a dh'atharrachadheadar a Shàmhradh agus a Gheamhradh.Mar a's mo a labhras sinn air narèultaibh, 's ann a's mo tha sinn'faicinn araon gliocais agus cumhachdan TÌ uile-bheannaichte " a la1)hair,agus bha ann ; a dh' àitlm agussheas iad."— (Salm. xxxiiL 9.) Ismiorbhuileachd a' chinnteachd agusan eagnaidheachd leis am bheil nasin tha bhliadhna Iu]nter ach beag reviltan a' siubhal 'nan cuairtibh feinCO fada ri dha dheug de na bhliadhnaibhair feadh farsuingeachd na cruitheeachagainn-ne. Tha'n reult mhaisachd;agusleisambheil gach aon diubhso a' tionndadh aii- a mul fein fa leth a' criochnachadh a turais 'naann an naoi uairibh agus sia deug h-àm suidhichte fein. Tilgibh bhuragus da fhichead mionaid, air chor siiilean air aghaidh na cruitheachd,is gu'm bheil an la aice ni's lugha agus chi sibh gach ni air àrdachadhna leth an latha againn-ne, ged tha chum na criche a's feàiT. Ach ana bhliadhna a dha uii'ead deug co uair a bheachdaicheas sibh le ioghnaair an obair, smuainichibh le iongantasagus le taingeileachd aii' a' ghàirdeanuile-chumhachdach a rinn anobair sin, agus abraibh maille ris andiadhair Eoin, " Is airidh thusa, aThigheam, air gloii-, agus urram, aguscumhachd fhaotuinn ; oir chruthaicha chionn le so gu'm bheil maraicheana' deanamh mach an slighean air nathu na h-uile nithe, agus aii- son dothoil-sa tha iad, agus chi'uthaicheadhcuantaibh mora. Tha na gealaichean iad."—(Taisb. iv. 11.){Ri leantuinn.)Sgiathaxach.
Dara Mios an Earraich, 1873.AN GAIDHEAL.MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.rìs an f headhainn a thainig gu ceanntuath Bhreatuiun agus labhair iadviir.Gailig cosmhuii ris a' Ghailig a(Air leantmnn o V« 9mh Aireamh,labhrar an diugh ann an Albainn.taohh 223.)Agus theirteadh Scoti mar ainm risSgriobh Seoms Buchanan Eachdraidhna h-Alba ann an Laidinn do Eirinn agus labhair iad Gailigan t-sluagh a thainig as an Spainnagiis tha e labhairt innte mu thimchiolla' cheud Inchd-aitich a g-habh Chaidh dream araidh dhiubli so acosmhuii ris a' Ghailig Eirionnaich.comhnuidh ann am Breatnnn. B'i a nunn a Eirinn do Earraghael agiisbharail-san giim b'ean t-aon sluagha bha chomhniiidh anns na tiribh risan abrar a nis an Fhraing, an Spainnag-us a'Ghearmailt no an Ollaind, gimdo labhair iad an aon chànain, ag-iisg^im b'e an t-aium leis an robh iadaithnichte do na Romanaich Gallino Celtae. Bha iad roinnte 'namfineachan no 'nan treubhan eadardhealaichteo cheile anns an doighlabhairt, ged a bha an aon chanainaca thaobh duchais. A reir beachdSheoruis Bhnchanain is ann o oirthirthuath na Frainge ris an abairteadhArmorica a thainig- a cheud Inchdaitichdo cheann deas Bhreatuiun;thainig na ceud dhaoine as anSpainn do Eirinn ; agns thainig" acheud sluagh do cheann tuath Bhreatuiunas a' Ghearmailt no Lochluinn.Ach ged a thainig- iad a nail as natiribh so fa leth gidheadh labhair iadan aon chanain Ghaidhealach lebeagan deal ach aidh a thaobh gumb'e an aon sluagh a bha a chomhnuidhair tir-mor na Roinn-Eorpaaig an am so. Thachair na uitheanso a reir coslais fada muu do thogan sluagh sin an ceann o'n d'thainigna Sasonnaich, na Lochlunnaichagus Gearmailtich an la an diugh.Theirteadh na seann Bhreatunnaichris an t-sluagh a thainig a nail o Armoricaas an Fhraing ; b'iad so sinnsearannam fineachan a tha chomhnuidhann an Duthaich Wales., aguslabhair iad caimit a tha cosmhil rischainnt a labhrar anns an tir sin aira'an la an diugh. Theirteadh naCaledonich no na Pictich mar ainmghabh iad comhnuidh am measg anluchd-aitich a bha an sin o chian.B'ann diu so a bha an teaghlachrioghail a thainig gu bhi rioghachadhos ceann Albainn gu leir'nuair a chuireadh an rioghachd foaon I'iaghladh.Tha Buchanan mar an ceudna agradh gun d'thugadh Caledoniach marainm air an t-sluagh a bha ann aAlbaiim a chionn gun robh iad achomhnuidh ann an tir a bha Ian dechoille challdainn ;giun b'e Dunchalldainnno Dun-chailleann ceannbhailena rioghachd aca agus gund'fhuair e an t-ainm so o'n aobharcheudna. A reir sin tha an t-aimnCaledonaich a' cialluchadh Calldainnich.Mar so chi sinn gun robhSeorus Buchanan a' creidsinn gumbu Ghaidhil na Picti, agus gun robhiad fein agus na Scoti cairdeach d'acheile. Tha e a' nochdadh gun robhBede dhe 'n bheachd cheudna 'nuaira tha e ag radh gun d'thug na Pictido na Scoti pairt de 'n tir aca feinanns an earrainn sin a bha airbheag sluaigh no falamh. Tha eag radh mar an ceudna roimh theachdnan Sasonnach gun robh ach beagan aon chanain air a labhairt le uileluchd-aitich an eileiu Bhreatunnaich,(Ri lecmtuinn.) D. B. B.CAELUM a' GHLIXNE.EAEEAN VII.Air an oidhche ud nach deachaidh,agus nach teid a' cuimhne Challumre a bheatha, f huair e ann am beaganuairean de thiom, barrachd eolais air
;—;AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Earraich, 1873.cha bu lugba 'bha e air a lionadh letaingealachd airson an rathaid mhiorbhuileachagus f hreasdalach anns anrobh e air a thiorcadh. Tliug eaghaidh air a chairtealan tairnh choluath 'sa bheireadh a chosau e;'Nuair a fhuair se e fein an taobh astigh de a sheomar, ghlais e an doiiis,agus thilg se e fein na shineadh airau urlar, far an do leig e a niach naaonar na faireachduinean buaireasachleis an robh a chridhe air a reubadhagus 'anam air iomluasgadh. B'ioidhche Dhi-Sathuirne a thachair abin aiin. Greis au deigh a mheadhomoidhche, 'nuair a bha tomhas dothosdachd agus do shanihchair airtoirt aite do n' ghair agus do 'n utagfhiadhaich, bhorb, alhnhara, airsonam bheil sraidean Ghlaschu chocoraharraichte,gu sonraichte air oidhche'Shathurna agus air maduinn naSabaid—dh'eirich Galium o'n urlar,air dha tomhas do fbaothachadhf haotainn bho 'u teinn-chradh leis anrobh a chridhe an impis sgaineadh ;thug e mar a b' abhaist da, lamh aira Bhiobul ; ach a dh' aindeoin amhothachaidh air a dhleasdeuas, chab'urrainn e aon chuid a shuil noinntinn a shocruchadh air aon fhocalgu a leughadh le un-am no le stoldachdiomchuidh. Dhùin e suas aguschuir e seachad " Focal math nabeatha"—chaidh e da leabaidh, achthreig fois agus codal a shiiileanged a bha e air a ghleidheadh gnmiorbhuileach o ghuiomharan minosacham measg na cuideachd drochmhuinntirair an robh e tathaich focealgaireachd iiadar tuiteamach iia threorachadh a dhroch companaich ;daonaclid na' fhuair e riamh roimhe. thug an caitheamh aimsir ud anns anFhiiair e mar au ceudiia sealladh robh e air a chleachdadh, dorchadasagus tuigse fhaireachdail air a laigisnueaumodhanail fein. Bha e air thug a chor air an oidhche chianailcruas agus cionta air a choguis, agusa ghluasad, air a luasgadli agus air ud 'na chuimhne, a bharr air iomaa lionadh le iiamhas roimh an t-slochd rud eile, cor neach araidh air am buuamhainii anns an robh e ach beag trie a chuala e 'mhathair chaomli aair a shlugadb, gun smaoin agus deanamh iomraidh :—Bu duine e agun amhararus a bhi aige d'a thaobh; bha ri aideachadh air an diadhaidheachd—achann an aon seadh charobh a ghiulan air uairibh comhsheasmhachri 'aideachadh. 'Nuair athachradh dha tuiteam ann an cuieachdluchd eolais fuasgailte, bha eullamh gu bhi air a ghlacadh ann ancleachdadh mi rianail na misg, leisau robh gu trie a leithid do dhaorsaagus do dhorchadas a luidhe air achoguis is uach b'urrain e car ninean deigh gach tuisleadh dheth ant>seorsa ud, am Biobul fhosgladh, noa ghlùn a lubadh air ceann a theaghlaich.Bha an oidhche ud do Challumua h-aimsir fhadalaich neo-f hoisneach,air bheag codail no ùrachaidh.Mu ghlasadh na camhanaich dheiriche ; sheall e a mach air an uiuueigcha robh duine no ainmhidh r' amfaicinn air an t^sraid. Bha buaireasagus iomluasgadh a choguis fein, ancoimeas ris an t-samhchair chiuinchoitchionn a bha buadhachadh airgach taobh dheth, na chuis eagaildha. <strong>An</strong>n an doimhneachd a theinnagiis a thrioblaid, g-hrad-las ua chuimhnena briathran so. " Co ionnsuidha theid sinue ach a d' iounsuidhsa,oir agadsa tha briathran uabeaXha maireannaich." Le fiamhagus le aumhuiuueachd neo-abhaisteach,glac e am Biobull—Dh' f hosgailleabhar nan Guathfhocal dha,thuit a shuil air aireamh de na h-earranaibha chomharraich a mhathairmu 'n do dhealaich iad ri cheileleugh agus bheachdaich e orra le 'uiledhurachd a chridhe, Bha iad aluidhe gu ro fhreagairach ri a chor;ghlac iad aire air a leitbid do dhoigh
;":Dara Mios an Earraich, 1873 AN GAIDHEAL. 9is gun robh gach focal mar giimbanu air an riiuachadh gu bhi air anseirm na chluais fein amhain, agnis gubhi air an deargadh air a chogniis agiisair a chuimhne. Air dha an leughadhthairis agus thairis a ris— ghlac epeann agus paipeir, agus sgriobh ean t-iomlan dhiu mar a leanas :" Nuaii" a tlieid gliocas a steacbann ad cbridhe, agus a bhios eolastaitneach do 'n anam, n'i ciall dodhionadb, coimhididh. tuigse thuchum gun gleidh iad thu o n' mhnaoichoimhich, o n' bhan-choigi"ich a nibrionnal le a briathraibh—Ka h-eisdri mealltaii'eachd mna; oil' mar achlr-mheala silidh bilean mna coimhich,agus is millse na 'n ola a beul,ach tha a crioch searbh mar a bhurmaid,geur mar chlaidheamh dafhaobhair : tha a cosan a dol sioschum a bhais ; ni a ceumanna ghi'eimail" ifrinn. Sheall mi am measg nandaoine baoghalta ; thug mi fainearam measg nan oganach, oigfhear gunchiall, a dol seachad aii- an t-sraidfagus d'a h-oisinn ;ghabh e aii* ant-slighe chum a tighe. Le morand'a cainnt mhilis thug i air aontachadh,le miodal a bilean chomheignichi e. Tha e dol na deigh gun dail martheid an damh chum a chosgraidh,no an t-amadan chum peanas a chip;gus an teid saighead troi' 'anam, mara ghi-easas an t-eun do 'n ribe, gunfhios aige gur h-ann a chum a bhaisa ta e. Suidhidh i aig dorus a tighe,air caithii- ann an aitibh arda a bhaile,a ghairm orrasan a bhios a dol seachadail- an t-slighe. Ge be neach a thabaoghalta, thigheadh e 'stigh an so ;agus ris-san a tha 'dhith tuigse theiii: Tha na h-uisgeachan a ghoidear'milis, agus an t-aran a dh'ithear anuaigneas taitneach ; ' ach cha'n eil fiosaige gum bheil na mairbh an sin, annan doimhneachdan ifrinn gum bheila h-aoidhean. Threig i oid'-ionnsaicha h-oige, agus dhi-chuimhnich i coimhcheangala Dè : Air eagal gun cothromaicheadhtu slighe na beatha, thaa ceumanna luaineach, air chor asnach urrainn thu an aithneachadh.Atharraich do shlighe fada uaipe,agus na tig am fagus do dhorus atighe, oir lot agus leag i sios moran ;seadh chaidh moran do dhaoine treunaa mharbhadh leatha ; is e a tigh ant-slighe gu ifrinn, a dol sios gu seomraicheana bhais ; cha phill duinesam bith a theid da h-ionnsuidh,agus a ris cha'n fhaigh e sligheannana beatha. !Na claonadh do chridhechum a sligheanna, na rach air seacharan'na ceumaibh, chum as nachdean thu caoidh mu dheii-eadh agusgunabairthu, Cionnus a thug mifuathdo theagasg agus a rinn mo chridhetair air achmhasan ? Is beag nachrobh mi anns gach olc am meadhoina chomh-chruinneachaidh agus achoimhthionail.N^uair a bha Galium a sgi'iobhadhsios nan earranean ud, aon an deighaon, ann san rian 's an robh iad airan comharachadh leis an laimhchaomhail ud a shaothrich iomalatha gu dian agus gu dileas aii'sona leas, bha cumhachd diomhaii' ne<strong>of</strong>haicsinneachgan giulan le buaidhagus le eifeachd gu smior 'anama.mar a dh' ainmich sinn ann an aiteeile, bha iad da rireadh air am beannachadhdha. Chaith e a mhaduinnud 'na sheomar uaigneach mar nachd'rinn e riamh roimhe—aig an uairghnathaichte, chaidh e do 'n Eaglais,cha b' ann mar a b' abhaist dha, adh' fhaicinn, agus gu bhi air fhaicinn;ach le beo-ian-tus an deigh air rudeigina bheireadh furtachd d'a anamleonta, agus a bheireadh saorsa dhabho na saighdean sgaiteach geur abha an sàs ra' choguis. Nuair aleugh am ministeir an ceann-teagaisg— " Is fear comuinn mi dhoibhsan airam bheil d' eagal agus dhoibhsan aghleidheas do reachdan." Smuaintiche nach robh teachdaireachd d' aleithidsan bho an earrain ud, ach
Na'10 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mins an Earraich, 1S73.do lotan 'anama.a leanas, solus dba aii" aobbar acbruais, an dorcbadais agus na b-as-teachdaireachcl ditidh. Dli' eisd e sitb a thug com2)anas nan andiadbaidhgu dùrachdach ris gacli focal de auair a cboguis. Tbug am min-t-searmoin. Bha cleachdadh-no 'dlia, isteir foinear gun robb lucbdaideacbaidba bha coitcliioim do n' chotliional d'og ullamb gu bbi a saoilsinnam buineadh e, a blia air am meas nacb robb dad do cbunnart dboibbleis i-iamli on' thainig e 'n am mea.sg, ann an comunn agus ann an companasrndeigin mi rianail agus mi-mliodhaila thaobh an fhir theagaisg agns na lucbd uilc, cbo fad 'sa sbeacb-nadb iad fein an t-olc ann an cainntseii'bheis sholuimte a bu (h-euchd agus ann an gniomb. Cbuir e solusdha, mar a tha rocail, sreotliartaicli samblacbail ud, ann an briatbran atba airidb air an cumail air cbuimbne.Seall, ars' esan, air closacbainmbidb a' grodadb air an raon,tba an fbeoil lobbta sin a bba aonuair 'na biadb fallain beatbacbail, anis 'na puinnsean marbbtacb ; cbopuinnseanta is gun cuii-eadb am miragvis smotadli snaoisein, agus casadaich; agus mar an ceudna, daoine abbi 'cumail an adaicbean agus amboineidean air an cinn, gus an ruigeadbiad an aiteacban suidhe, eadhonged a bliitheadb an t-seirbheis aiitoiseachadbmu n tigeadb iad astigh do 'n eaglais. Bba a cbasadaicbgu sonruicbte, 'na camparagus 'na brosnuchadh dba ; oirtbainig e le beachdacbadb orra, gubbi a co-dbimadh nacb be aon cbuidcnatan no cuing-analacb a b' aobbardo na cbuid 'bu mbo de'n cbasadaicb,acb direacb, cleachdadb fasanta,combfbulangach, a bba cumanta 'nam measg ri fuacbd 's ri teas, riblaths an t-Sambraidb co-ionnanri dùdlachd a Gbeambraidb. Bbagacb easordugh de 'n t-seorsa udn' am plàigb agus n' am buaireassonruicbte do CbaHum air an latbaud ; oil- bba 'aire agus a cbhiasgu dian agus gu duracbdacb ancrocbadb ri bilibb an fbir-tbeagaisg,mar gum biodb a bbeatbaan eiseimeil aon fbocal a db'fhaodadb e a cball, no a racbadbseacbad air a cbbiais. Bba am ministeirna fbear teagaisg soisgeulacbfallain, dileas, comasacb :uileshearmoinean, ciod aii" bitb 'bucbeann-teagaisg dboibb, cbkiinntemoran mu cbliù Cbriosd, agus mugbloirna saorsa a cboisinn e. FbuairOaHum rud-eigin ann an teagasg anlatba, a bba mar ola agus mar fbionCliuir na beacbdan'bu lugba a db'itbeadb tu dbi, dobbeatba ann an cunnart; an saoiltbu gum biodb e tearuinte dbuitseasamb no suidbe dblù do n' cblosaichud cbo fad 's a b'aill leat, na 'mbe is nacb cuireadb tu am mir 'bulugba dbi na d' bbeul? Gu dearbb,cba bbiodb e idii" tearuinte. Ciode' tba ann san fbaileadb bbreungbairsneacb a tba tbu deotbal a stigbtroimb do cbuinneinean, gu bbi aira cbombmbeasgacbadb ri d'fbuil agusri d' cbaileacbd Ì Is e a tbann, andearbb pbuinnsean sin a tba ann sacblosaicb gbraineil o'm bbeil e 'geiridb, agus leis am bi do cbaileacbdann an tombas air a truailleadb acbeart cbo cinnteacb agus geddb'itbeadb tu i. Cba mbo tba ecomasacb do neacb air bitb eadboindo anam grasmbor, comunn acbumail ri lucbd mi-bbeus, gun acbaileacbd mhodbanail a bbi air atruailleadb le an coiialtradb agus le'an eiseimpleir, ged a db' fbeudadb egacb briseadb air lagb na modhannaa sbeacbnadb gu b-iomlan ann ancainnt agus ann an gniomb. Ma'smiann leat ars' esan, a bbi air dog'blanadb, agus aii- do cboimbeadglan o shalcbar na feola agus anspioraid, feumaidb tu coimbcbeangala dheanamb ri d' cbluasan cbo math
;Dara Mois an Earraich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 11agiis ri d' shuilean. Biodh do ctomunnagus do chompanas, uime sinriuthasan a mhain aii- am bheil eagalan TighearnaiMim robli an t-seirblieisthairis, dhealraich an solus aiiinntinnChallum a thaobh 'fliior chor,mar gun leigte gath greine ann amplathadh a stigh do sheomor dorcha.Thuig agus dh' fhairich e 'nis,mathair-aobhair a bhuaii-eais agusna h-an-fhois leis an robb e air aluasgadh. Bu bheag a bha dh'ambarusaige gus a nis, gun robh abheiisan modhanail air an truailleadhleis a chaitheamb-aimsii' anns anrobh e air a chleachdadh ann an cuideachdMhicheil. Mhothaicb e darireadh 'fheum air a bhi air a ghlanadhann san " tobar a cbaidh fhosgladh"cha b' ann a mhain o chionta ajjheacaidh, ach mar an cendna o'neoghloine mhodhanail. Be an lathaud dhasan, latha nam beannachdThainig e mach ann sa mhaduinn fosgios agus fo throm uallach, a siorghuidhe."Apriosan m' anam buin a mach,T' ainmsa gvim molar leam"Thill e dhachaidh le oran nuadhann am beul anama." Mar eun a rib' an aunadairShaor thusa m' anam bochd."MUILEACH.flii Jeanttcinn.)AM BUACHAILLE-LAOGHAGUS AM MINISTEIK.Bha balachan og, mac baintrichbhochd, aon uair 'n a bhuachaillelaoghaig tuathanach araidh. Bhae a' faigbinn a bhidh mar thuarasdalo 'n tuathanach, agus bha a mhathair'g a cum ail fein a suas mar a b'fhearr a b' urrainn di le 'bhi ag obairdo na coimhearsnaich, maille ricuideacheadh beag a bha air a bhuileachadhoii-re o am gu am à airgiodnam bochd. Thuit gu 'n robh fearannan tuathanaich a' criochnachadhri fflebe a' inhinistir agus co-dhiu aleig am buachaille na laoigham measgcoirce a' m^hinistii", no ciod air bith ab' aobhar, ghabh e fuath agus gamhlasmor do 'n bhalachan, agus cha 'niarradh e ach a' bhi 'g a smadadh ah-uile cothrom a gheobhadh e. Bhaaig a' mhinisteir gille miodalach,trailleil a b' abhaist da a thoii't leisan uaii- a bhiodh e, le 'charbad beag,a' gabhail a chuairt troimh 'n sgireachd.Thachair dhoibh a bhi a'gabhail sgriob air latha araidh, agusfaicidh iad buachaille nan laogh 'n ashuidhe taobh an rathaid mhoir ledeise uir aodaich air. Bu mhath abha fios aig a' mhinisteir c' aite 'n d'fhiiair am balachan an deise, agussmaointich e gu 'n gabhadh e ancothrom air a nàrachadh. " Co, moghille math," ars esan, " a chuir ortan deise iir, ghasda sinl" "Chuir,"thuii't am balachan bochd 's e 'togaila chinn, " le 'r cead a mhinisteir, a'cheart fheadhainn a chuir an deisesin oirbhse,—chuir an sgii^eachd.<strong>An</strong> uair a mhothaich am ministeir a'chuis air a tilgeil cho deas 'n a aodannleis a' bhalachan chuir e 'cliuipris an each, agus thàr e as. Ach airdha dol beagan air aghart smuainiche gu 'm bu tamailteach da leigeil leisan ruaig a bhi air a cur air mar soan lathaii- a ghille fein ; stad e ancarbad, agus chuir e ah- ais ah gillea dh-fheoraich d' an bhalachan, angabhadh e muinntireas gu bhi 'n ahhurraidh aig a' mhinisteir. Thill angille le othail mhoir, agus chuir e a'cheist ris a' bhuachaille. " Am bheilthusa dol g' a fhagail f ax-s am balachan." Cha 'n eil," fhreagair angille. " Ma ta, mar eil,'' thuirt ambalachan, " rach air d'ais agus abairris a' mhinisteir, gu 'm bheil mise'meas gu 'm bheil a thighinn a stighbeag gu leoir a chumail a suas dahhurraidh gun ghuth air a' bhi ag iarraidhan treas fir ! " Dh' fhalbh angille 's a theanga 'n a phluic a dh'
—:—;;—;—:12 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Earraich, 1873.innseadli a slioirblieachaidli, agus is Eisd gii mion-bheachdaidh ri m' sgeul'Si mo bliarail nach do cliuir e fein no mi teachdaire dhe nan diaBho'n 's mòr a thruais diot, a's 'ùigh,am miuisteir a' blieag tviillidh de D' ardachadh an cliù, 's e mhiaim.dhragli aii- a' bhuacliaille-laogli.'S aill leis thu ghrad-thoirt gu blarSliochdMac-Miiaucuis.na Greige 's arbhuidh cid.Glacaidh tu 'n stuaidh f harsuing, ard,Latha Feill Briglide 1873.'S sgapaidh na liath-charn 's an ùir.Bho'n rinn limo 'n ùrnaigh chruaidli,Tha 'nt aon run aig sluagh nan speur.Thuit Tròidh gu buileach fo bhinn,'S thig maom-sgrios air linn nam beud.AN DARA DUANDE SGIALACHD NA TROIDHE ;Air a thionndadh bho Ghrèugais HomeirGu Gaidhlig Abraich.Le Eobhan MacLachainn.Taisbeanadh an Fheachda; agus àireamhnam fineachan Grèugach agus Tròidheach.Dbùin gach creutair talmhaidli 'n rosg,Slòigh 'us eachraidh chaidil sèanih,Na de bhuan na 'u cathraichean ùir,lar claon-aomadh gii ceò-phramh.Bha lòbh 'na aonar gun suain,'Inntinn mbòr fo gluasad bras,Gu clivi thoirt do 'n Aiòheall thrèun,'S do 'n arm Ghreugach leireadh cas.ComhaiiT ionicbuidli dhùisg 'na cheaun,Bruadar meallt' a thogail suas,'Chur gu righ na Greig' a mhiann,'S dh' eubh e 'n Sgail am briathran luath:" Grad-imich, a Bhruadair fhaoin,Dh'f hios a' chabhlaich aig raon Thròidb ;Do shiol Atreuis, rigb nam feachd,Thoir mion sgeul air reacbd mo blieòibTairngeadh e fo 'n airm gun dail,SHocbd na Greige 's arbliuidh cùl ;Glacaidh e 'n stuaidb f harsuing ard,'S sgapaidb na Hath-charn 's an ùir.Bho'n rinn liino 'n ùrnaigh chruaidh,Tha 'nt aon rim aig sluagh nan spèur ;Thuit Tròidh gu buileach fo bhinn,'S thig maom-sgrios air linn nam beud."'N uair ctriocbnaich e, lòum an Sgail,Sios 'na still gu traigb nan long ;Fhuair e 'n rigli a's teach na bhùtb,Fo mbìn-dhrùchd, 's e 'n cadal trom.Sheas an dealV)h os cionn a chinn,<strong>An</strong> riocbd Nestoir bu bhinn glòir, —Sean-Nestor a gblòidb a gbaol,Thar gach aosda 'measg a shlòigh.<strong>An</strong> sin labhair Taisbean nan speurShoillsich aithn' an de do 'nt shonn"Am fois dutsa, ghaisgich threin,'Ur-mhic Atreuis nan steud lom?Dim-brigh do chomhairleach glicDo 'm buin ciiram bhlar a's f heachd,'S miltean slòigh ag earbs' à thaicCian-chaidreamh an cadal leisg.Gabhsa suim de reachd an deSmid dhe 'm bheil mo bheul a' luadh,Fiach nach leig mi-sgainn air chùl,'N uair dh' f hògrar bho d' shiiil ant shuain.Raining na facail a' chrioch,'S grad as 'f hianuis thriall an sgleò.Dh' f hag e 'n righ ri innleachd cuim,Ag cur mhiltean luim air seòl.Bi dhùil gu'n leagtadh na 'earnDaingneach Thròidh, an la sin fhein.Umaidh nach d' f hisraich mar bha,'S ciod bu brigh do dhàn nan speur.Gun smaoin air cho liomnhor cràdh,Osna, 's teinii, a's blar, a's eug,Bha gu teachd air an da shlògh,<strong>An</strong> strith chian nan còmhrag gèur.'S an am iomchuidh dhiiisg an trèun,'S ghrad-eirich 'n uair thrèig a shuain;Thar leis gu'n robh 'n Taisbean àighA" sir-chagar tb'ith na chluais.Shuidh e tbreach 's dhùin mu 'chliabh,A mhin-fhalluinn chiatach, uuadh;'S thilg e thair uachdar os cinn,Earradh mòr bu rioghail tuar.'Mu dha chois chumadail, chruinn,A bheairt shoilleur shnaim e teaimClaidheamh reul-airgiodach grinn,Chroch sgibidh ri thaobh bho "n bhoinn.Colbh athraicheau treun' 'na dhùrn,Slat-riaghailt nan glòir bith-bhuan :Dh' f hios a' chabhlaich stiùir e cheumTuineadh Greugaich nan arm cruaidh.Dh' eirich maduinn ùg nan driùchd'Na 'soillse gu liichuirt lòbh ;'S thair còmhnuidh aluiim nan dia,Sgaoil i 'brat de 'nialaibh òir.Chuir an righ air chuairt nan deann,Gairmf hir a b' oscarra pong,A theanal nan slòigh air ball,Gu comhairl' aig taobh nan long.Thug iad a' chaismeachd mar dh' iarr'S dhòirt na miltean siar romh 'n raonAch cho-ghairm e, 'n tiis, na seòidA fhuair gliocas corr bho "n aois.Chruiunich iad aig birlinn shlinnNestoir Philich nan radh glic.'S thionnsgain e, 'n uair shuidh na suinn,A dheilbh luim an dulchuinn thric.(Hi leantutmi.)
!);Dara jNIios an Earraich, AN GAIDHEAL. 13AN SEOL AIR AN DEANARAIRGIOD.Leig seachad gnothucli gach neaclieile, agiis thoii-an aire do d' ghnotliuclifein. Na ceannaich an ni sin nach'eil a dhith ort. Gnàthaich gachuair clium buannachd, agus feùcligu'n cuh" thu t-ùairean diòmhanachgu deagh bhiiil. Smuainich. a rismu'n tilg tliu fiu na sea-sgillin airfalbh gu ]i-amaideach, agus cuimlinichgu'm bheil tè eile agad r'a dheanamhna h-àite. Biodh e dhuit mar cliulaidli-shiigraidbabbi'toii-tanaire dod'glmothuch fein agus mar sin chadearmadar do gbnothucli an viair abhios tuan toir aii' culaidh-shugraidli.Ceannuich iosal, reic cothromacli,agus gabb cùram de'n bhunnachd,Na biodh do shùil an deigh na sgillina bheil* thu do'n deb-cean thoiltinneach.Gleidh do leabhraicheanciinntaisgu riaghailteach, agus magheibh thu fiu a' bhonn-sea a'mmearachd faigh a mach agus ceartaiche. Dean ceartas teànn edar duineagus duine, agus ged a bhiodh e 'nad'chomas na meàll neach eile anns a'chuid a's lugha. Na iàrr dà phrìs,ach reic aii- an aon sgillin ris an uachdaranagus ris an iochdaran. Ged athuiteadh buille mi-shealbhach ort'nad' cheaird fein, gabh cùram fosgaildo shuilean, oibrich ni's cruaidhe,agus ma tha e idii- 'nad' chomas nagèill. Còmhlaich cruaidh-chas agustèinn le buan-sheasmhachd gu'nsgios, agus teichidh iad a' chuid 'sachuid air falbh. Agus ged a dh'fhàilnicheadh thu nad' ghleacadhri cruadal, measar airidh airurram thu ; ach geill anns a' chùis,agus, nithear dimeas ort. Na tigbeo OS ceann do chumhach, agusged nach robh agad ach sgillinShasunnach 'san la, caomhain an deicheamhearrann di. Le bhi 'leantuinnnan riaghailt so, le beannachd,cha'n ea^al nach teid a' chùisleat. Dean ceartas, diol gu h-ealamhgach fiàch agiis mar sin faigh dodhlighe fein. Na rach a'n urras airneach 'sam bith ged bu bhrathair e.Ma ni thu sin cha'n 'eil teagamh nachdean thu do charaid 'na namhaid, athuilleadh ah- gu'm fuiling thu càlldachnach fhurasd duit a dheanamhsuas. Cum t-fhocal gu poncail treibhdhireach,ciu* do dhochas ann amfreasdal an Ti a's Airde, iarr abheannachd-san air do dhichioll, aguscha'n eagal duit.Sgiathanach.SALM NA BEATHA.LE LONGFELLOW.(Eadar-theangaichte le A. C.Na can rium am briathraibh dubhach,Beatha 'n duine 's brnadar faoin ;Is tha 'n t-anam marbh a clioidleaa,'S cha 'n 'eil ni rèir barail dhaoin'.Beatha 'n duine 's fior ni hxachmor !'S cha 'n i 'n uaigh dhorch ceann a reisEis an anam riamh cha duljhradh,'' 'S duslach thu 's gu duslach thèid. ''Cha 'n e solas 's cha 'n e àmhghar'Tha mar àrd-chrich dhuinu fo 'n ghrèin,Ach bhi gniomhach chum bhi fagailAstair iiir gach la 'n ar deigh.Ealdhain 's mall 's tha ùin' ruith seachad,'S tha ar cri, ge calm' is treun,Ghnàth mar dhruma 'bhròin a' bualadhCaismeachdthiamhaidh thruaigh an èig.<strong>An</strong>n an àrfhaich mhòir an t-saoghail,'N camp na Beatha so na biMar an t-ainmhidh balbh a ghreasar !Bi mar ghaisgeach anns an striEarbs' na cuir 's an latha màireach !'N ùin' 'chaidh seach fag air do chid !Saothraich anns an am 'tha làthair,Treun an cridhe 's Dia a' d' shùii !Nochdaidh eachdraidh laoch gu 'm faod sinnAr beath' dheanamh buadhach àrd,'S luirg ar cos 'fl an t-saoghal fhàgailAs ar deigh 'n uair 'thig am bàs.Luirg 'n uair 'chi theagamh neach eile,'8 e air cuan na Beath' gun iùl,Bràthair faondrach 'rinn long-bhriseadh,Glacaidh thuige misueach ixr.Eireamaid nis 's biomaid gniomhach,Le treun chri 'bheir buaidh 's gach càs ;'Sfòghlumaid,tre chosnadh's leanmhuinn,DichioU 's foighidin gach la.
14 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara ilios an Earraich, 1873.UILLEAM MAC-DHUN-LEIBHE, AM BARD ILEACH.(^Aù^ a lecDituiiin o 'n aireamJi mudheireadli.)Is gann a b' urrainn dlia labhaii-tmu Shasunn agiis Sasuunaicli giinni-eigin searbh a radii mu'n deidliinn.Blia 'inutinn cbo Ian de dh-euchdannan laithean ud anus an robh an dariògliachd an conilinuidli ann annaimhdeas, gu'n do leig e as ant-sealladh gu buileacli, an caochladhàigli a thainig ann an lorg nab-aonaclid a tlia iiis eatorra. Bhae 'na ni ro ghoirt leis a gliiùlangu'm b'e Lunnain, agns nacli b'eDuneideann, Priomli Bbaile na rioghachd,a's gu'n robh Albainn doghnatli ail" a cur as an t-sealladliann an naidlieachdan na duthcha a'siomradh an comlmuidh ail" a dheanamhail" "Ai"m Sliasuinn," " CabhlachSliasuinn," " Bam-igli Sbasuiiin,"&c. Bha dubh fliuath aigeail" Sasunn a's air gach ni a bhuineadhdlii. Bu ni ro mhi-fhortaiiachgu'n robh a' chuis mar so, oir chuire gi'abadh an da cliuid air a shob-bheachadhfein mar fliear sgriobhaidhagus ail" a chliii mar fhear eachdraidh.Dhearbh e anns an leabhar a chuire mach air an d'thug e mar aiiim," Tagradh nan Gaidheal," gu'm b'aitlme dha Bcurla a sgriobhadh airmhodli a dli' fhoadadh nair chiirair imadh aon aig am bheil cliùcian sgoilte mar ughdar ; ach churra' chainiit laidii" a ghnathaich e,agus am fuatli a iiochd e a thaobligach aon a riiin aig am air bith,eucoir ail" na Gaidheil, cnapstarraann an rathad soii"beachaidli na li-obairaige. Ach air a shon so uile thaiomadh ni a's aii"idh a chumail ahcliuimhiieI'i fhaotaiun ann an " Tagradhnan Gaidheal." Sgriobh e mar anceudna " Eachdraidh na h-Alba " abha ri teachd a mach gach mios 'napairtean aig aon tasdan am pairt.Thainig mu chuig pairtean de 'nobair so a mach, ach chaidh stadoù-re le di aii"gid gu a giiilan aira h-aghaidh. Bha an Eachdraidhri blii ah" a croichnachadh ann ansia earrannan deug. Cha 'n fhiosdomh ciod a thainig ris na sgrobliannaso, ach na'm biodh iad ri 'mfaotainn, tha iomadh ni annta a dh'fheudadh a bhi chum feum anns a'Ghaidheal. a chum, onair sheannUilleam biodh e aii" innseadh gu'ndo dhiult e suim mhaith airgidairson na h-obair so, o neach athoilich a ceannach, a's feum airbith a thogradh e a dheanamh dhi,ach cha dealaicheadh Uilleam ritheach air aon chumhnanta, agus b'esin, gu'm biodh i air a cur a machdireach mara bha i.So cha ghealladhe a's bho nach gealladh, fhreagairUilleam "ged a bhàsaichinniseleisanacrasfagaidh mi as mo dheigh an obairso mar fhianiiis air slaoight, agus antighearnasnan Sasunnach. Thig feareigin a'm dheigh-se a clilo bhuaileasi" Ged nach urrainn sinn ach lucasa bhi againn ah- an spiorad fhcarailso a bha as cionn duais a ghabhail,eadhon, an uair a bha cruaidh bhochduiunagus gainiie ga theannachadh,gidheadh cha 'n fhaod sinn aicheadhgu'm bu ni amaideach dha an tairgse'dhiultadh. Ach cha 'n ann inai"Fhear-eaclulraidh no mar Fliear Tagraidhnan Gaidheal a bhios cuimhneUilleam Mhic-Dhunleibhe air acumail beb ach mar Bhard. Oir thaan obair aige a' dearbhadh gn 'n robhe comasach ah" a' chlarsach a dhiisgadhgu cèòl, a's gu'n do thuit aii'tonnag aon de na Filidhean a dh'fhalbh. Tha Earramian 'san obairaige nach cuii-eadh iiaii'e aii- Oiseinas a sheasas a bhi air an coimeas riMac Mhaighstii" Alasdair agus DonnachadhBan. Tha smuaintean ard'agus bardail ann am briathra snasmhor,fileanta, reidh ri amas orra aii"gach taobli duilleig d' a obair. Is i
"chatha : Dara llios an Eanaich, laT AN GAIDHEAL. 15mo bhai'ail nach eil neacli aii- bitli d' Na thig dhibh cha till iad am feasda,an aithne bardachd nacii tog fianuisSgian, sgian,Cha 'n fhaic iad a' mhaduinn 's am feasgargum bheil obaii" Mhic Dhimleibhe a'Sgian, sgian.dearbliadli gii soilleir nacli e ranntaclidamJiain a tha innte acli lior Au t-oran fiadhaich, neo-chneasdabhardachd. Tha aon ni a tha comharraichtemu a deanamh, agus 'se so e, ach bha Maithean He aig au amso bha na biasdan bruideil a' seinn,mar a's trice leufjhas neacli i, 's ami is 'a cumaU comhairle anns am bheildeiglieile 'dli fhasas e oirre, agus cha '/i am Bard air briathra ur-labhrach achur ann am beul nan uaislean. Au'eil uair a leughar i nach eil maise iirfianviis gur amdh i aii- aite fhaotainntaobh nam bard a's measaile ammeasg luche-ciùil na Gaidhealtachd.Chuh* e ri cheile rannan ann ano'n Traigh a suas " Creagan a'eigin rifhalcinn innte. Tha sinn beachdaidhas a so nach eil aon a tha miondeigh na comhaii-le anus am bheil iadair an iiiutinn a dheanamh suas coinneachadheolach aii- a' bhardachd so, nach togris na borb-dhaoine o Loch-lainn air raon sliabh a' chatha, a'sdealbhan eugsamhla, a' gnathachadhranntachd iomadh uair nach eil idircumanta am measg obaii- nam BardGaidhealach. Ach cha 'n eil oidhirpa thug e nach eil fiughail. Ma bhacogadh a's creach aige mar chuspaira chiuil, b' urrainn dha briathrangarg' agus brosnachail a chleachdadh,a's ma bha tiamliachd a's bron marsheisd an orain aige, b' aitlme dha aranntachd a ghleusadh da reii'.Ach'se an doigh a's fearr gii so a leigeilfhaicinn, cuid de na rannan aige a" So sinne s cha n fhalbh mar thainig,Tuagh, tuagh,Gheibh sibh 'ur ueonach am maireachLe tuagh tuagh,Buidealaich dhearg troimh gach fardaich,Tuagh, tuagh,'S bhur mnathan, 's bhur creach gu traighTuagh, tuagh.[lemn,Bithidh sibh a' greasadh 's a teicheadh,Sgian, sgian,Bheir smne bh' uaibh hith nan easgaid,Le sgian, sgian,air uchdaichean "' Ghart Loisgte,"thoisich na h-IIichaircruinueachadh.Thaudg Clann Artair o Phroaig,agus clann Domhnuill as na h-Earradh.Clann Illean o Thorra, agusClann Aoidh o'n Riouu.. 'Se so amport mearsaidh a sheinn piobaireChlann Aoidh, mar bha iad a direadh" Tha an namhaid a' tighinnAir an traigh 'se 'gar sireadh,Thug e tair dhuinn mar Fhine,'S cha tig sinn gim eiric.Tha iad mil' mar a' chiad dhinn,Leis gach cothrom a's miann leo,Muir a's tir mar an iarrtus,Maduinn ghrianach a's reidhlein.thoii't a lathair. Tha an da ni soagus iomadh dearbhadh eile againnail- a chumhachd mar bhard anns an Cladach comhnard nach folaich,Duan a rinn e mu " Na Lochlannaich Uaith ar n' aireamh 's sinn annamh,'an He." <strong>An</strong>ns an dan so tha Chi iad cunutas na th' againn,e a'S bheir iad barail gu'n geill sinntoii't fa'r comhair cabhlach Lochlainn;Cha b 'e bhòsd as a' bharrachda' teachd 'sa' leigeil sios an acair ann A ghleidh an coir do na Rannaich,an Caladh Loch-na-Dalach, a' seinn Ach buaidh siol agus claidhimhan orain eagalaich so A' toirt a dhaineoin na dh' f heumadh.:Tha na coimhich 'an staillinn,'S fhada chithear an dearrsadh,Boillsgeadh chlogaid a's mhaille,'Teachd air faire na Greine,'Sann th' agaiim mar abhaistA bhi rusgadh nan gairdean,O'n d' f huair Clami Aoidh an ' ' LamhLaidir,"Nuas o laithean na Feinne.Cha chluinn na h-Eileanaich thuathach,A's Tir mor 'dhiuideadh uainn iLe cearcal fairge mu'n cuairt duinn
:;—;—IG AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Earraich, 1873.Nach brist cruaclal no eigin ;Bi'dh so seachad mu'n irmsearDo laoich Dhiiira 's ChiruatireGu'n do glilèidh sinn ar dileabFar nach lion deoch reite.<strong>An</strong> lamh làidir gu bualadh,Cinn tri Tuii-c agus Ruadli Bhuic,Riochdan gairg' agus luathais,thoill, a f huair a's a ghlèidi sinn,A cheann catha nan Ileach,Tha sinn fhathasd duit dileas,'S ged a sgathar gu tri sinn,Cha striòchd sinn 'na dhèigli sud.Ach cha b' aun amhain 'n uair asheinn e mii stri a's mu chogadh ab' aithne do dh'Uilleam na teudan aghleusadh. Bha suil aige gu maisenaduir 'f haicinn, a's b' aithne dha adealbh a tharruing le laimh ealauta.Cha 'n eil iad ach tearc a bu ghrinnesheiun maise a' cheitein na rinn esauann an oran na -Biiaile, anns an Danair ainmeachadh " CnimhneachanBhraidalba." Tha an t-oran so a'toiseachadh air an doigh a leanas, 'sa' del air aghaidh ann am briathrangrinne gu maise maduinn chiiiinchèitean a chur an ceillA Righ, gur boidheach an sealladh,Mu'n cuairt do lagan a' chrò,Doire cubhraidh nam meangan,Mu'n iadh 'sa' mhaduinn an ceo &c.(Bi leantuhin.) R- I-ORAN.(gun d u a I s *)[Air Fonn— "Ruidhlidh na CoilichDhubha," &c.]Na'm biodh caileag agam f binSiomlialt bu mhath leani iFhad 's a dh' f hanadh i rium bith,Bhithinn rithe bàigheil.Is neònach an rud a tli' ann,<strong>An</strong>-tlachd air banasgail,Is ceòlar an rud a th' aun,Brioguisean air pàistean.* Tha an t nasal Unamach a chuir an t-oranso thugaiun ag' inscadh gu'n deachaiilh a dheanamhle Seumas Mac-an-Roicli, ughdar a GhramairGhailig, ann an comhstri, do aon de ChomainnGhaidhealach na duthcha; agus air do'nChoraunn f haicinn iomchuidh an t-urrani a thoirtdo neach eile, chuir an t-ughdar a mach an t-oranaige flieiu mai- so, "Oran, gun Duals."Ma shaothraicheas tu thar o choir'S dògh gu'n tig fallus ort'S ma theid thu donihain anns an òl,Ni thu bròn am maireach.Is neònach an rud a th' ann,*Fang mu na boirionnaichIs neònach an rud a th' ann,Galar a' bhuntàta.Fèumaidh mnathan uaisle ti,'S dith e mur faigh iad sin,Ach fèumaidh iad barrachd mar rith''S aran, im 'us càise.Is neònach an rud a th' ann'N sannt th' air na caileagan'Bhi seang uile mun a chneas'Us tomult mu na màsaibh.'H-uile fear a bhios gun mhnaoiChaoidh cha bhi piseach air,'S boidheach an sealladh mart laoigh'S coiseachan a' bà rith'.'S neònach an rud a th' ann,Clann aig na deireasaich.Is neònach an rud a th' ann,Bradain 'bhi 'gan àrach.Ged tha 'gealach fada, shuas,'kS suarach an t-astar e.Nitear inneal dhuinn gu luath,'Bheir a nuas i lamh ruinn.Is neònach an rud a th' ann,Frangaich 'us SasonnaichDo'm b' àbhaist a cheile 'sgriosA bhi nis' 'an càirdeas.Nian bodaich d'am bi ni'S ciimt' gii'm bi farraid oirre,'S nian caiUich bhios gu tinn'S cinnteach gheibh i sarach.Is neònach an rud a th' ann,Bantrach gun mhearachas,'S neònach an rud a th' ann,Banarach gun bhlàthaich.Bheir mi taisdeal thar a' chuan,Buailidh mi 'Chanada,Ged a tha e fada uainn'S duaismhor e gu h-àiteach.Is neùnach an rud a th' ann,Gleanntan ar n-ath'richeanAig caoraich a bhi fo reachd,'Us feachd nan cabar stràiceil.'H-uile fear aig am bi sluaghBuannaichidh arabhaig,Ach 's beag cobhair ni an trend.'N uair a dh'èireas nàmhaid.Is neònach an rud a th' ann,Clann gun na ceannardan ;Is neonach an rud a th' aim,Dimeas air na Gaidheil.
'!;:—;Dara Mios an Earralch, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 17Ged a tha iad math 's an arm,Garbh sag a' bhaile iadMolar iad fa'n glonn 's an àr'S smadar iad fa'n cdteach.Is neònach an rud a th' ann,Sannt air a' chonach sin ;Is neònach nach eil na FlaithA' deanamh rath no statii leis.Ach, mar thuirt an Guth 's an spèur,'Trèigidh an gineal so,'S o'n nach d'iniir iad le tiirThig siol ùr 'niìn aite."Is neonach an rud a th' aim,Faisneachd 'ga coilionadh ;'S neonach an rud a th' aim,'S fill e aire araidh.Oran so air rud sam bith,Mar a shir a' Chuideachda,'S clua gheibh 's nach faigh e ''duais'''S uaibhreach air a' bhard e.Is neonach an rud a th' annTeangaireau ealanta;Is neonach an rud a th" annSimileir gun f hardaich !Chi thu sid mu dheas 's mu thuath,'S truagh leat an sealladh e,Far an d' arosaich na Fir,Gheibh thu nise 'm màgan!'S neonach an rud a th' aim,Ganntar de sgoilearachdIs neonach an rud a th' ann,Aiueolas 'g a arachMay, 1S5S. „NAIDHEACHDAN.f hiach dhuiim aithris. Cha 'n 'eil atharrachadh's am bith 's f hiach aithris airprisean margaidh ach mar a bha iad aira' mhios a chaidh seachad.Tha rathad-iaruhm (Railivay) mor 'gachur air aghaidh ann an Canada a bhios asuas ri tri mile de mhiltean air fad, agusa bheir cosnadh do mhoran luchd-oibre.Cha 'n 'eil teagamh agaiim- nach cualacuid d' ar' luchd-leughaidh gu 'n do chaillan righ og a chaidh a thaghadh leis naSpainntich a' bhliadhna roimhe, a chrun.Tha e coltach gu 'n d' f has an t-uachdaran's na h-iochdarain sgith d' a cheile,— "Buchoma leis an IJigh Eoghan, agus bu chomale Eoghan co dhiu." Shaoileadh daoinean deigh na chaidh de f huil a dhortadheadar an Fhraing agus Prussia an coisuachdarain freagaraich a chur air Ifethdhoibh, gu 'm biodh na Spainntich n' a b'f haide riaraichte leis an f hear a shonruichiad fein. Is tior a thuirt an seanf hacal, I"Cha 'u 'eil an Righ fein mar bu mhath|leis." Na 'm biodh aige-san 's an Spainnt,Ceud sagairt gun bhi sanntach,Ceud tailleir gun blxi sunndach,Ceud greusaich gim bhi breugach,Ceud flgheadair gun bhi bradach,Ceud gobhainn gun bhi paiteach,Agus ceud cailleach nach lobh riamh air cheilidhchuireadh iad an crun air an Righ gun aonbhuille." Ach o nach robh so aige mhease gu 'm "B' fhearr teiche math na ib-ochfhuireach." Agus dh' fhag e-fein 's aBhan-righ og an rioghachd, agus is dochagu 'n teid e air ais do thigh 'athar, Righna h-Eadailt.Chaochailant-OUamh Urramach, TomasGuthr'w, ministeir aon de Eaglaisean SaoraDhuneidimi, aim an Sasunn aig deireadha' mhios a chaidh seachad. Cha robh annail Albaiim duine air am bu mhomha 'bhade mheas aig gach neach d' am b' aithnee, no eadhon a chualaig iomradh air. Bhae ro chliuiteach mar shearmonaiche a'smar f heardabhairt deas-chainnteach ; achis ann an comh-cheangal ris na sgoilean abha e 'n a mheadhon air a chur suas air sonfoghluim agus oilein a thoirt do chlannbhochd nan sraidibh anns na bailtibhmora, a bha a' fas a suas aim an aineolasagus ann an drochbheart, a bhios deaghainm agus cliu Ohuthrie gu sonruichtebuan-mhaireannach. Chaidh a thiodhlacadhann an Duneideann agus leanmaithean a"s luchd-riaghlaidh a' bhaileagus aireamh mhor shluaigh, cleir as neochleiran giidan do 'n chladh. 'N ammeasg uile cha robh suil thioram an uaira .sheas buidheann mhor de chlaim nansgoilean a dh' aiumich sinn, a thainig anochdadh na comain fo 'n robh iad da--sana bha 'n a f hear-teasargain 's 'n a athairCha 'n 'eil a bheag de naidheachd ur noannasach againn ri kmseadh air a' mhiosso. Tha Ard-Chomhairle na Rioghachd'n a suidhe an drast, ach cha deachaidhmoran fathast a radh no dheanamh a 'sdhoibh, agus a sheinn iad aig beul na huaigh an laoidh bhoidheach, Bheurla,There is a happy land, far, far aivay.AN INNTINN.Am ])heil an inntinn ach ni meanbh ?Am bhcil na h-inideachd dad ach dealbh ?<strong>An</strong> riochd is fearr a ni i'thùradhCiod e ach dlùth-chuir de iomadh dealbh ?DIA.Dia na onar, E fein a mhain'Thug cruth is dealbh do gach ni a ta'Rimi o thus iad mar a b'fhearr,A ta 'gan riaghladh an' cian gu brath.Athair na h-inntinn, Fear-deUbh a'chuirpKiimathairdhaoine 'na iomhaigh chneasd,Chuir e do'n t-saoghal glan saor o lochd,Ged rinn es' eucoir da fein 's da shliochd.Ròidean De neodeirsinn duinnTroimh an t-solus cha-n fhaic an t-sidlNithe rinn Esan direach, ceart,Trie bidh sinne cur cas-ma-sheach.D. M'Kae.2
|;;:18 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios au Earraich, 1873.CLARSAIR MHUILE.*Fhad s' bha Ro.iie dhomh dileas bu sbunndach'bha ini,jSIar Shamhradh blath caoimhneil gu 'mb'aoibhueach gach ni,Deas ghlciista mo chlarsach, gu gaireil,neo-throm,'S b' iad beusan mo ghraidh-sa do ghnath'bha s an f honn ;Ach a nis tha mi bronach, gun solas, gunsuund,Ma's samhradh no geamhradh 's aon amiad 's gach cuis,Tha tiugh-neul neo-chiatach ag iathadhmu'n cuairt,'S fad dilinn nan dilinn tha'n clarsair foghruaim.Measg ghleamitan a's choilltean, neoaoibhneach,gun tamh,Bi'dh mi 'suibhai gun solas, ach bronach's fo phramh,Mo chlarsach nan teud-bhuidhe gleastagu binn,Co-f hreagrach ri 'm oran mu sholas nachpiU;Ach 'ged mheall i mi 'n og-bhean, thaboichead mar 'bha,Tha smuaintean na gruaigich ga m'bhuaireadhgach la,'Se cuimhne na ribhinn a dh'f hag mi cliotrom,'Nis a'n gaol air a'bhas dh'f hag i clairsairnam fonn.<strong>An</strong>n au trom-chadal bruadarach fuaran As slumb'ring I lay by the dark mountainnan tom,stream.Thainig m'eudail gun easlainte, ceutach My lovely young Rosie appeared in mygu 'bonn,Bha i fathasd 'n am bhruadar mar bu dualdi air tùs'S bha mo chridhe Ian sòlais 's an òighud orm dli'idreamI thought her still kind, and I ne'er wassae blestAs in fancy I clasped the dear nymph tomy breastAch bha 'n aisling neo-steidheil, grad Thou false fleeting vision too soon thoudh'èirich mi suas,Bha mo phiantan air miadach' s mi fiarasachtruagh,wert o'erThou wak'd'st me to tortures unequalledbeforeAch 's gearr gus an cairear mi tra anns anuaigh,Bi'dh an Clarsair aig tamh's bi'dh a"Chlarsach gun f huaim.Nether Lochabek.• A theagamh nach cuala cuid de ar luchdleaghaidh an sgeala a tha cocheangailte ris anOran so ; faodaidh sinn innse ga 'm bheil e airaithris gu'n rol)h an Clarsair agiis a bhean,ribliinu alainn, a folbh ua duthcha comhladh,agU3 air latha araidh thainig tide fhiadliuiclighaileoiinach orra, bha bhean gu leigeadh tliairis,air a ineileachadh leis an fhuachd. Air do 'nChlarsair bhochd a staid fhaicinn bhris e chlarsachagusrinn e teinedhithairsonabhlàthachadh.Bha iadii ''"i' t'-''''"'^'•'" ;'.']'i:i'!rt '-;o'r:d an dpigiiTHE HARPER OF MULL.When Rosie was faithfu' how happy wasI!Still gladsome as simmer the time glidedby;I played my harp cheerie while fondly IsangOf the charms <strong>of</strong> my Rosie the Avinternights langBut now I'm as waefu' as waefu' can be,Come simmer, come winter, 'tis a' ane tome,For the dark gloom <strong>of</strong> falsehood sae cloudsmy sad soulThat cheerless for aye is the Harper <strong>of</strong>Mull.I wander the glens and the wild woodsalane,In their deepest recesses I make my sadmane;My harp's mournful melody joins in thestrainWhile sadly I sing <strong>of</strong> the days that aregaue.Though Rosie is faithless, she's no the lessfair.<strong>An</strong>d the thochts o' hsr beauty but feedmy despair;With painful remembrance my bosom isfull<strong>An</strong>d weary <strong>of</strong> life is the Harper <strong>of</strong> Mull.But death's silent slumbers my pain soonshall lull,<strong>An</strong>d the green grass wave over the Harper<strong>of</strong> Mull.Tannahill.sin, agus thachair marcaich riutha a tighinn airmuin eich, agus air dha an ruigsinn stad e air sonbruidhinn ris a bhoirionneach, ghabh an Clarsairair adhairt gu neo-amhurasach, ach air dha stadau uiue ghoirid agus sealtuinn as a dheigh 's anna chunnaic e am niarcaiche na dheann ruith airfiUbh agus a bhean fhein air a chùlthaobh airnuiin an eich. Ars easan 's e sealtuinn gu dubhaclideurach as an deigh, ga 'm faicinn a dol as f hiannis." Nach mise a liha gorach a dhol a mhilleadUii!o Chlp.rsaich air do s'lor;,"
Dara Mios an Karralch, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 19Key B Flat.
—';;—20 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara llioa an Earraich, 1873.INIa bheir thu do lamb, gu'm fas mi fallain,'S bii slilainte mliaii-eaim do phog dliouah,O'u tha mi gun suund, àc.Do shlios mar an fliaoUeann, taobli na mara,Do gliruaidh max- an caorann, sgoilt' aii- mlieangan ;Suil gliorm is glan aoidli, fo cliaoin-rosg tliana :'S tu 'n oigli a mliealladli gacli oigear.O'n tha mi gun sunnd, &c.Tlia smuaine no dlia an tràtli-s' aii* m' aireCha 'n innis mi 'chach ceann-fath mo ghalair ;Ged laidheas mi trath, cha tamh dhomh cadal,'S do gradh ga m' sgaradh an comhnuidh.O'n tha mi gun sunnd, &c.Gur math'thig an gun o'n bhùth do'n ainnu-,'S an fhasan is uire 'n cuirt nan Gallaibh *;— Troidh ghloin am broig uir 's i duiiit' le barr-iallNach lub air faiche am feoirnein.O'n tha mi giin sunnd, &c.Do chul mar an lion 'n a mhile camag,Nach greannach fo chir, a's siod' 'g a cheangal :Do dheud mar na disnean, dionach, daingeanBeul binn, a ghabhail nan oran.O'n tha mi gun sunnd, &c.'S e 'sgar mi o m' chiall ro mhiad do cheanail,'S o'n chaidh thu do 'n t-sliabh, nach b' fhiach leat m' fharaid'S e t' aogas a's t-fhiamh 'chuir pian a' m' charamh,'S cha mhiann a bh' agam air storas.O'n tha mi gun simnd, &c.nOR GHAISGE.Dh' ainmich siim 's a' Ghaidheal air a'inhios a chaidh seachad uiu bhas duineoig a mhuinntir Ghoillspidh, agus gheallsinii gu 'n tugaiiiaid tuillidli cunntais inu'n chuis air a' mhios so. A reir marchuala sinne, thachair e mar a leanas.Chaidh ceathrar dhaoiiie oga u Goillspidha mach aiin am hata beag a sheoladh guaite a bha mu thuaireaiii tri mile air falbh.<strong>An</strong> am tillidh 's an fheasgar thainigspreaghadh laidir de ghaoitli orra a chuiran car de 'n bhata agus bha iad air antilgeadh am measg nan tunn. Bha feardhiubh, iasgair og d'am b' aimn Mac-Dhomhnuill, da bhliadhna thar-fhicheada dh-aois, 'n a shnamhdair barraichteagns air dha a thriuir chomp*naich achuideachadh a suas air druim a' bhata,gun feathadh miouaid, thilg e dheth achuid aodaich agus ged a bha iad os cionumile dh' astar o thir, thilg e e-fein annsa' rhhuir a shnamh air toir cuideachaidh.Gu calma chuir e 'uchd ris an fhairgeagus aghaidh air an f hearann. <strong>An</strong> deighgreis a dh-ùine, an uair a thatar am beachda bha e dluth air tir, chualaig an triuir al)ha an crochadh ris a' bhata e 'g ammisneachadh, a' glaodhach gu hard,' Cumaibh ur greim, tha gach ni guceart." A reir coltais b' iad sin na facailmu dheireadh a labhair e. Rainig e tir,ach air dha bhi gu buileach air a chlaoidhleis an spairn a bha aige, agus air amheileachadh leis an f huachd, thuit e aira' chladach am feadh a bha e air a rathada dh-ionnsaidh an tighe 'bu dluithe, agusfhuair e am bas a's e mar fhad na laimhdo chobhair. Chuala daoine air tireigheach chaich agus chaidh an sabhaladhan cursa an f heasgair, ach cha d' f huaradhcorp Mhic-Dhomhnuill gus an ath latha,Lowlanders.
:;.Dara ilios au Earraich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 21agus b' i a mhathair bhochd fein a's i 'machle muiimtir eile 'g a shireaclh gu doilgheasachan t-aon a dh' amais air. Tha sinnro thoilichte a chluinntinn gu 'm bheiltional ga dhèanadh a chuideachadh le'pharantan d' am b'e a b' aon chul-taicanns an t-saoghal, agus gu dearbh tha ant-aobhar airidh. Faodaidh tabbartas 'sam bith air son an aobhair so a bhi air achur gii ministeir na h-Eaglais Saoire,Goillspidh. * Cho fhad 's a chi sinn a'leithid so de fhior f hiughantachd air anochdadh, cha 'n aidich sinn, mar a theircuid, gu 'm bheil am na gaisge air dolseachad. Is beag nach f haodamaid, gunmhi-urram, aithris mu 'n ghille uasal,ghlan so mar a chaidh a radh mu ar 81anaighear,Shaor E daoine eile: E-fein ashaoradh ni 'n comasach E.TOIMSEACHAN UR.Ged shuibhlas tu 'n domhan chatachair thu orm ;Cha'n fhaic thu mi fos anns a'chuanIs diomhain do rannsach' 's na spcuraibhard, germ ;Cha bhuin mi do 'n ghaoith 'n uair adh' eireas an stoirm,No na siòntan 'n uair 'tha iad 'nan suain.Gidheadh, tha mo chomhnuidh 's antalamh a ghnath.A's na reultan, cha chuir iad riumcid :Teas-meadhoin na gaillin, cha 'nfhag mi gu brath ;Tha mi 'n toiseach na luinge, amsheasamh, gach trath,'S aig an sgiobairan sealladh a shid.<strong>An</strong> ear no an iar, an deas no an tuath,Ged nach amais thu ormsa am feasd;Gidheadh, tha mi 'g imeachd 's andealanach luath :Agus fos anns gach baile, a's far ambi sluagh,Gheobh thu ghnath mi a' tathaichgun cheisd.Cha 'n eil mi an Sasunn, no 'n Eirinnud thall,Ach Albainn cha 'n fhag mi ri m'bheò;Cha Gaidheal 'tha as m' eugmhais,a's idir cha GhallTha mi 'm bilibh nam balbh, a's ansuilibh nan dall,'S ann an cluaasaibh nam bodhargun deù.Address, Rev. Charles Mackenzie, Golspie.<strong>An</strong>ns a' Gheamhradli cho fuar, no "san t-Samhradh cho blath.No 's an oidhche cha nochd mimi-fein ;Gidheadh, 's mi a' cheud rud a chithu "s an la :Tha mi' lathair anns gach lus, annsgach duilleach, "s gach blath ;Ach seachnaidh mi dearrsadh nagrein'<strong>An</strong>n an cridhe Chuilodair, air lathaan air,Air na laoich, is mi-fein abu cheann;Blia mi 'm meadhon nam peileir, 'sam buillsgean a' bhlair ;A's an lamhaibh an namhaid 'n uairleagadh na sair,"S bha mi 'm falach le Tearlach, 'aa' ghleann.Ged nach iarr mi 'bhi 'n cuideachdno 'n comunn nan daoi,Gheobh thudaonnan mi far am bi òl:Ach faic mi "s an eaglais a' toiseach'na laoidh !<strong>An</strong>ns an t-salm 's mi a's airde, 'toirtbarr air gach saoi ;As m' eugmhais ghrad sguireadhgach ceòl.'S mi priomh-fhear nan luinneag, 'stha mi ard ann an cliùAir fidheall 's air clarsach le chèil' :Ged is gramail am buillibh mi, comaco-dhiù.'Do ' thoiseach ua tapaid " eh 'n fhaicthu mi dluth,'S ann a roghnaichinn "deire nafeill."Fa-dheoigh, 'n uair a leigeas am basthu mar sgaoil,Bidh mi 'u doilgheas 's an trioblaidro chruaidh :'S mi 'n ciispair m'a dheireadh a chithu 's an t-saoghal ;Bidh mi fos aig ceann-adhart do leabaidhfhuar, chaoil,Ach cha 'n fliaic thu mi' chaoidhamis an uaigh.IAIN MACILLEBHAIN.Freagairtean do na Toimhseachain 'sanaireamh mu dheireadh.1. Fùdar.2. Suil a' mhuilmn.3. Clach an ard-dorais.4. Coig aig an dara te, 's seachd aig ante eile.^. Naoidh daimh dheug, aon chaora, a'sceithir fichead giadh.
——);;—22 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios au Earraich, 187lEHOBHAH SEDCENU.(lehobliali ar Fireantachd.Bu clioigreacli mi aon iiaii- do Dliia is do gliràs,Gun aithn' air mo chionta, gun eagal roimh 'n bhàs ;Ged àrd-mhol mo chairdean domh Criosd aii- a' chrann,Ishòbhah-Sedcènu—bu neo-ni dhomh 'bL' ann.Le nigbeanaibli Sbioin bu deuracli mo shùil,'S na tuiltean dol thairis aii- 'anam gu dlù.—Gun smuain gu 'm b' e m' aing'dheachds' a thàii'ng ris a' chrann,lehòbhah-Sedcènu—bu neo-ni dhomh 'bh' ann.Bu trie mi a' leughadh, le eibhneas is deòin,Dan buadhach Isaiah is càinnt shìmplidh Eoin ;Ach eadhon 'n uair 'sgi'iobh iad mu Chriosd air a' chi-ann,lehòbhah-Sedcènu—bu neo-ni dhomh 'bh' ann.Ach 'n uair 'dhùisg saor-ghràs mi le solus o 'n àird',Rinn eagal mo luasgadh is b' uamhas dhomh 'm bàs ;Dhomh fasgadh no furtachd cha robh annam lein,lehòbhah-Sedcènu b' fhear-saoraidh dhomh 'm fheum.Roimh 'n ainm ud 'tha mills chaidh m' uamhas air chùl,Chaidh m' eagalan fhuadach, is tharruing mi dliiGil tobar a' bheo-uisge dh' 51 as gu saorlehòbhah-Sedcèuu, mo Shlànuighear caomh.lehòbhah-Sedcènu— m' uil' ionmhas is m' uailllehòbhah-Sedcènu bheir saors' dhomh o thruaigh'Air tlr is aii- cuan bheirear buaidh learn tre m' ThriathMo chàball is m' acair, m' uchd-eideadh 's mo sgiath.'N uaii- 'shiùbhlam troimh ghleann agus sgàile a' bhàis,<strong>An</strong> t-ainm so 'tha buadhach bheir fuasgladh 's a' chàs ;'S o fhiabhrus an t-saoghails' 'n uair 'shaorar mi chaoidh,lehòbhah-Sedcènu àrd-huiidheam a' m' laoidh.Eadar-theangaichte le A. C.FACAl. 'S AN DEALACHADH.Chi ar luchd-leughaidli gu 'm bheilfleise ur air a' Ghaidueal air a' mhios so.Is e a bhi a' feathamh air an tailleir— a bhacho niairnealach ri tailleir Roh Dhuinna chuir gu 'in bheil an Gaidheal cho fadagun tighinn air a' chuairt so. Bheir sinngach oidhirp aira' Ghaidheal a dheanamhcho buannachdail agus cho tlachdmhor oam gu am 's is comasach dhuiun ; agustha sinn an dochas, le comhnadh ar cairdeananns gach aite, gu 'm bi aige saoghalfada, deagh bheatha agiis soirbheachadha chum 's "gu 'm meal 's gu'n caith e adheise."Tha Mac Dhomhnuill Duibh a' gearannach 'eil e 'faighinn a 'Ghaidheal choriaghailteach 's a bu mhath leis. Cha 'nf hios duinn ciod is coireach mur 'eil 'athaira' faotainn grcim air anns an dol seachad.
;;THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.rnnvc-A^i^cia:,GAELIC GRAMMAR ANDORTHOGRAPHY.BY THE EEV. ALEX. CAMERON.The readers <strong>of</strong> the Gael must notexpect from us anything like au elaboratediscussion <strong>of</strong> the [jrinciples <strong>of</strong>Gaelic gi'ammar, for other eugagementsprevent us at preseut fromundertaking more than the preparation<strong>of</strong> a series <strong>of</strong> notes in which somepoints <strong>of</strong> Gaelic construction andorthography will be explained andillustrated. We begin with thesimple rule, common to Gaelicwith many other languages—that" one noun governs another, signifyinga different thing, in the genitive;"as, hahhar Slieiuimis (James'book); p«;7^eas bulk (abundance <strong>of</strong>food); toiseach na hliadhna (the beginning<strong>of</strong> the year) ; barcdl dhaoine(men's opinions); camid nam hochd(the friend <strong>of</strong> the poor).The infinitive in Gaelic, being anoun, governs the genitive in accordancewith the above rule; as, achlainntinn a' chiùil (to heai- themusic, i.e., to hearing <strong>of</strong> the music);air faicinn an t-sluaigh (having seenthe people, i.e., on seeing <strong>of</strong> thepeople); a' togail an tighe (building thehouse, i.e., at building <strong>of</strong> the house).It may be remarked here thatGaelic has only one participle—thepassive participle. The English jiresentparticiple is rendered into Gaelicb}^ the infinitive or verbal noun precededby the preposition ag (at) expressedor understood; as, hearing(ag èisdeachd) ;qieaking (a' labhairt)leaping (a' leum).The rule in regard to compoundisrs.prepositions (which are really nounspreceded by simple prepositions expressedor understood) governing thegenitive is but au application <strong>of</strong> theabove rule, for the genitive is governedby the noun which forms part <strong>of</strong> thecompound, and not by the noun andsimple preposition together. In suchphrases, for example, as " au làthairan t-sluaigh" (befcn-e the people, i.e.,in presence <strong>of</strong> the people), "anaghaidh nàduir" (against nature, i.e.,in face <strong>of</strong> nature), "air son airgid"(for money, i.e., on accoimt <strong>of</strong> money),the genitives an t-sluaigh, nàduir,airgid, are governed by the nounsaghaidh, son.In compound nouns, the first termlathair.,governs the second in the genitive inaccordance with the above rule, whenthe terms are so related to each otherthat, if separate, the latter would beput in the genitive; &.?,, fear-gleidhidh(keeper) ; clach-mheallain (hailstone)fear-fuadain (fugitive). But the term,which, when second, is put in thegenitive, is not put in that case whenit is made the first term. In suchphrases, for example, as tion-aodach(linen-cloth) =:ao(fac/i-Zi?t, fion-amar(wine-press) ^=amar-fiona.,cas-chevm(foot-step)=cei;m-cozse, lion, fion, cas,are not in the genitive. Apparentexceptions, such as inairtfheoil (beef),muicfheoil (pork), caishheart (shoesand stockings) we shall afterwardsconsider.The above rule, although one <strong>of</strong>the most elementary rules <strong>of</strong> Gaelicsyntax, is frequently transgressedboth in speaking and in writing Gaehc.We do not refer to recognised exceptionsto the rule, to which we shall
————— ———— —24 THE GAEL. March, 1873.afterwards call attention, but to mistakesresulting from either carelessnessor ignorance. Of such mistakesit may be useful to give some examples,and, therefore, we take the followingfrom " Calum Ciobair's Almanac" for1872, an interesting little work <strong>of</strong> 12pages (Gaelic) which, since it is stillfor sale, we cordially recommend,although the editor, if we may judgefrom the unusually lai-ge number <strong>of</strong>errors in grammar and orthographycontained in his book, must havesadly neglected the study <strong>of</strong> hisnative language :2. (IstFeby.) " <strong>An</strong> leisg : mtithairna truaighe agus banaltrum a bhochdaiun"should be,"<strong>An</strong> leisg: màthair na truaigheagns banaltrum na bochdaiun."Bochdcdiui, which banalti'U7n governsin the genitive, is a feminine noun.3. (22nd Feby.) "Tha freumhgach jicacadh 's an as-creidimh."Freumh governs 2ieacadh in thegenitive, and, therefore, "gach peacadh,"should be -'gach peacaidh."4. (29th Feby.) " La a bharrachdjbarrachd gràs 'us gniomh."Barrachd governs r/ras and rjniomhin the genitive, and, therefore, " barrachdgiàs 'us gniomh" should be''barrachd gràis agus gniomh'" or" guiomha.""5. (1st ;_March). 'S e tùs gachaitreahh an sti^'idh"should be,should be," 'S e tùs gach aitreibh an steidh."Tiis governs aitreabh in the genitive,which is aitreibh.6. (12th March). "Amaideaohdan nighean bhàu a bhitheas trie aiga sgàthan"—shoiild be," Amaideachd na nighinn bain' abhitheas trie aig an sgàthan."Amaideachd governs the genitive,which is " na nighinn bàme." If abefore sgàthan be the article (the), itshould be an.7. (14th March). '"Bhi leisg 'us1. The moral reflection for 1st diomhan, pàrautan gach olc"January is,''Tha gach bliadhu' ùr 'toirt am bàsna 's dliith"should be," Bhi leisg agus diomhain, pàrantangach uilc."which should be,Pàrantan governs olc in the genitive,"Tha gach bliadhn' ùr a' toirt a'which is idle.bhàis ni 's dlùithe."8. (4th April). "Call tlm, callThe infinitive toirt governs the dochas, call 'ur n' auama"genitive, and, therefore, "am bàs" should be,should be " a' bhàis." The comparative<strong>of</strong> dVuth is dlldthe. We have n-anama."" Call tìm', call dochais, call 'ursubstituted ni 's for na 's, but we do Call governs tim and dochas in thenot set the latter down as an error. genitive time and dochais. After \ir,71' should be n-.9. (9th May). "A rèir a' chuideachdbithidh an cleachdadh"should be," A reir na cuideachd bithidh ancleachdadh."Cindeachd is a feminine noun, and,therefore, "a reir a' chuideachd"should be " a reir na cuideachd." Areir., or rather reir., governs the genitive.10. (16th May). '"S iomadhSumhradh tiuram thug pailteas aranleis"should be,"'S iomadh samhradh tioram athug pailteas arain leis."After pailteas., aran should be inthe genitive, -which is aì-aÌ7i..11. (28th May). " Is iad na c«^V^ean leabhar-ùrnuigh an diabhull"
— ————March, THE GAEL. 25" Is iad na cairtean leabliar-ùrnuigh 18. (4th Oct.) " Is fearr beaganan diabliuil."cuideachadh,namòrancoireachadh"—Leabhar-hrnuicjh governs diahlad in should be,in the genitive, which is diabhinl. " Is fearr beagan cuideachaidh na12. (9th July). "Tha'n seangan moran coireachaidh."'s an seillean 'tional an storas a nis" Beagan and moran govern the genitive.should be," Tha 'n seangan '-s an seillean a' 19. (10th Oct.) " Aithnichear annstional an storais a nis."na geataibh, fear an deagh bheantighe"The infinitive tional governs thegenitive, and, therefore, storas should should be,be stbrais." Aithnichear anns na geataibh13. (Uth July). '"S maith bhi fear na deadh mhnà-tighe."dan gu cobhair an am na h-airc" After/ear, "an deagh bhean-tighe"should be,should be in the genitive." 'S maith bhi dan gu cobhair an 20. (31st Oct.) " Tha luach beanam na h-airce."shubhailceach os ceann or 'us airgid"The genitive <strong>of</strong> aire is airce. should be,14. (27th July). " Faic gliocas an " Tha luach mnà subhailcich ost-seangan 'n a thionail cho tràthail " ceann òir agus airgid."should be,After luach., " bean shubhailceach"" Faic gliocas an t-seangain 'n a should be in the genitive— " mnàthioual cho trathaU."subhailcich," and after os ceann, orThe genitive <strong>of</strong> an seangan is an rather os cionn, or should be in thet-seangain. Tional is masculine, and, genitive—òzV.therefore, " 'n a thionail" should be 21. (2nd Nov.) " Tha tuiteam an" 'n a thional."duileach, a seirm bhi ullamh "15. (17th Aug.) " Tiormachadh should be,an cuau le spàin; modhaunachd gunmhaitheanas."" Tha tuiteam an duillich a' seirmbhi ullamh,"The infinitive tiormachadh governs or, if duilleach be regarded as athe genitive, and, therefore, " tiormachadhfeminine noun (cf. Armstrong'san cuan le spàin" should be Diet.)," tiormachadh a' chuain le spàiu."" 'Tha tuiteam na duillich a' seirm16. (27th Aug.) " Buaireadar an bhi ullamh."diabhul—an leisgean,"Tuiteam governs the genitive,should be,which is duillich." Buaireadair an diabhuil—an leisg-22. (7th Dec.) " Aithnichear drochean."Buaireadair governs diahhid in thegenitive, which is diabhuil.17. (31st Aug.) "A' cur bròn ribochdainn— ag iarraidh iasad,"should be,"A' cur broin ri bochdainu— agiarraidh iasaid."The infinitives cur and iarraidh.govern the genitive, and, therefoi-e,hrhn should be hròin and iasad shouldbe iasaid.—fhear, air gnùis a mhnaoi"should be," Aithnichear droch fhear airgniiis a mlmatha."Gniiis governs bean in the genitive,and, therefore, " a mhnaoi (dative)should be "a mhnà," or " a mhnatha"(genitive).(To be continued.)
26 THE GAEL. March. 1873.^^crrrcsjjonlicncc.AN DUANAG ULLAMH.SiK,— I notice in your last number aletter from Mr. J. F. Campbell, in rejjlyto my letter on the "Duanag Ullamli,"which appeared in your previous number.It is jierhaps right to state that myletter contained no reflection upon Mr.Carajjbell, for I had no doubt that thepoem which he sent you was an accuratetranscript <strong>of</strong> the Duke <strong>of</strong> Argyll's manuscript.It occurred to me, however, onreading the poem in your columns, thatit might l;e interesting to some <strong>of</strong> yourreaders to know that a more accurate copyor version had been previously twice, Ishould have said thric, published.Mr. Campbell seems to object to myhaving called the cojiij which he sent youhis copy; but it does not appear to methat there was any impropriety in distinguishingthat copy from the copy whichhad previously appeared in M 'Donald'sCollection, by briefly calling it "Mr.Campbell's copy," instead <strong>of</strong> "the copysent you by Mr. Campbell."Mr. Campbell says that he could notjudge <strong>of</strong> the comparative accuracy <strong>of</strong> thetwo copies—that which he sent youand M 'Donald's—without consulting, bymeans <strong>of</strong> a "medium," the bard <strong>of</strong> 1569.That is much to be regretted, for one whodeals so largely with difierent versions <strong>of</strong>Gaelic poems would, no doubt, find ituseful were he able sometimes, by moreavailable means, to judge <strong>of</strong> their comparativeaccuracy.Unfortunately, I have no faith in"mediums," and, therefore, I must contentmyself with the ordinary methods<strong>of</strong> judging <strong>of</strong> the comparative accuracy <strong>of</strong>different copies <strong>of</strong> the same poem. In ing that the Gaels anciently held thesereference to the two copies <strong>of</strong> the 'Duanag'places."UUamh," I humbly think that any intelligentMr. Edmunds says that none <strong>of</strong> theHighlander, who takes the trouble <strong>of</strong> rivers mentioned by Colonel Robertsoncomparing them, will not experience much are first or second-class rivers, only obscuredifficulty in deciding which <strong>of</strong> them is thebrooklets not to be called rivers. Somore accurate.much the better for the Colonel's argument,Again, let me state that my letter containedfor if the names <strong>of</strong> brooks andno reflection upon Mr. Campbell,and I very much regret if he is under thebubbling runnels can be made out Gaelic,so much the more can the large rivers.impression that it did reflect upon him,for I have no desire to speak or write butwith respect <strong>of</strong> one who, without makingany pretensions to Gaelic scholarship, hasdone so much to collect and preserve somany relics <strong>of</strong> the ancient literature <strong>of</strong>the Gael.— I am, &c.,Alexander Cameron.Renton, Feb. 25, 1873.EIVER AND HILL NAMES IN SCOT-LAND AND ENGLAND, IN THENOVEMBER AND JANUARYNUMBERS OF "THE GAEL."TO THE EDITOR OF THE GAEL.Sir, —Let me first refer to Mr. Edmunds'article as being easiest disposed<strong>of</strong>. Every one must admire his good nature,that he is content to be an " <strong>An</strong>glo-Norman," still, I cannot help remarkingthat his name is not very prominenteither in <strong>An</strong>glo or Norman records.Cnut's and Harold's, but where is Edmund? This as we pass on, however.Before I come to sjjeak in detail <strong>of</strong> hisl^aper, let me premise a few words from afar greater philologist than either Mr.Edmunds or Colonel Robertson. I cpiotefrom a translation by me, EdwardLhuyd's letter to his countrymen, in hisGlossography preface, page 4. "I haveto make out that part <strong>of</strong> these Guydhelians(Gaels) have once dwelt in Englandand Wales, and whoever takes notice <strong>of</strong>the (jrent many names <strong>of</strong> I'ivers andmountains throughout the kingdom, willfind no reason to doubt but the Gaels werethe dwellers when these names were iml^osed.<strong>An</strong>ciently there was no rivernamed more common than Uisg, RomanizedIsca Osca found in several Englishrivers as Ask, Esk, Usl; Ex, Ax, Ux, andOuse. There is a river <strong>of</strong> that name inWales and another in Devon, yet theword is iiot found in Welsh, Coi-nish, orArmoric. It means water in the Scoto-Hibernian language, (and reasoning thus)if the word uisg was once in the Britisha word so <strong>of</strong>ten used could hardly havedissappeared. " Besides, he mentions," Lec/dia, grey stone. Loch, lake, Beann,mountain, Druim, ridge J;c., demonstrat-It only proves how deeply these ancientGaels held possession <strong>of</strong> the soil, and thelong time they must have dwelt there tohave named purling streamlets, namelessto-day, and only found in old Charters.Again, Mr. Edmunds says " all the rivers<strong>of</strong> any importance in England, haveeither pure British names, or Britishnames <strong>An</strong>giianized, for example, Thames
;)THE GAEL.from Taf ; Severn from ., Hafren ;Dee,Humber, Wye, Derwent, Tees, are allpure British or nearly so." Now Mr.Edmunds falls into a very egregiousblunder about the Thames and vSevern,instead <strong>of</strong> Thames being derived fromTaf, the very reverse is the case. Taf isderived from the root Tarn, which is theoriginal form <strong>of</strong> the word seen in Tamesis,Tamesa, Tamaros now the Tamar nearthe port <strong>of</strong> Plymouth. The SpanishTamara, Tamaris, now the Tambre, nearCape Finisterre.By a law which is fast sapping the primitiveconsonantal frame-work <strong>of</strong> theWelsh tongue, original m in the middleor end <strong>of</strong> words, becomes /, v, or lo(Zeuss Gram. Celt, P. 115.) See the followingexamples ha/ summer, from oldWelsh ham, gayaf -wintev from old Gaem,henaf older from Henam, and this isaltered from senam.While speaking <strong>of</strong> Tamesis, Thameswe might take a short survey <strong>of</strong> the cognateroots. In Sancrit, tamara is water,Tamasa is a river name ; compare tim.irafor original tamira, the old Germandemar, A. S. dim, Latin tenebrae {nthrough the influence <strong>of</strong> the following b.Here belong also the Tamarus <strong>of</strong> ISam-•nium,, and the old Gaelic, temel Teimheil,dark sombre, obscure, and undoubtedlythis is the true meaning <strong>of</strong> the river inRannoch, the Tumel in Gaelic TeimheilBO that the true etymologic meaning <strong>of</strong>these rivers, is dark sombre, black.Thames, therefore, if our explanation bawell founded, means, not as is <strong>of</strong>ten givenquiet, placid, but sombre, dark stream ;so too, <strong>of</strong> the Tumel, and I think it expressesthe appearance <strong>of</strong> these streamsmuch better than placid.The same ignorance <strong>of</strong> the Welshtongue as in deducing Thames from Tafis most conspicuous in deriving Severnfrom Hafren. Here, too, the very oppositeis the case. Hafren is nothing morenor less than a corruption <strong>of</strong> the ancientSabrina, <strong>of</strong> which Severn, as Colonel R.well remarks, is a pretty fair imitation,<strong>of</strong> the original Celtic name. (Zeus's Gram.Celt., p. 122), and which may be renderedas follows— says "Welsh h before avowel is derived from the Celtic s. Adistinguished example is the river nameHabren in Nennius, Hafren, <strong>of</strong>ten in thebook <strong>of</strong> Landaff by Gerald Camb, andduring the Roman period it was entire(integrum) Sabrina." Examples <strong>of</strong> thislaM^ are //afe?i = Irish Salaun, Welsh hirlong=lr, sir Hil, seed = Ir sil, &c.,Sab-rina contains the same root as Sab-iain Gallia Belgica and Gallia Cisalpina andCaramania, Sava in Arabia, Savo inCampania, Savia in Spain and Saramatia,the V in these last examples I make tostand for asperated b, e, bh=v or mhwhich comes to the same. Compare here,too, the Sav-enna which disembogues atBologne. Saone oldSau-cona perhaps composed<strong>of</strong> Sau-cona, cona being the Gaelicin rian, quiet, placid, tranquil stream.Severn, therefore, is not derived fromHafren, but the reverse, and undoubtedlycontains the root found in sab or sabh, suasa, stream, torrent, contracted from theold sava tranquil river, or stream. See,too, the Gothic saivs sea, lake, old Germanseo, A.S. seaice Gaelic sabh, ointment,saliva, and I know <strong>of</strong> no root inWelsh that can be eligible here. Indeed,there are none, so that the Gaelic musthere again come in to explain the largest<strong>of</strong> Welsh river names.Lanark; Tintocl; Dumbarton, &c."Lanark" Mr. E. says— "comes fromLlanerch a dearing." I must confess Icannot understand the meaning <strong>of</strong> dearing.Llan-erch means dark brown or dunglade, IIan means a clear area or space todeposit anything on, ^;e7--//«w, an orchard ;yd-llan, corn yard ; cor-Uan, sheepfold.You will be kind enough to notice cor aand still further, the Teith a tributary <strong>of</strong>the Forth, in Gaelic Teimheich, called bythe Highlanders to this day, duhh idsge, contraction <strong>of</strong> the Gaelic caora, sheep, ablackwater. The idea <strong>of</strong> darkness and word unknown in the Welsh except inobscnriti/ is pervading all these words, this compound, and without the help <strong>of</strong>the Gaelic it could not be explained. Butlet rae return. We have in <strong>Scotland</strong> toomany lans where no Welshman woulddare show himself. When these nameswere imposed on the various places"without a pass from Roderick Dhu,''Lan-ie near Callander, Lan-rig and LanrickMead in the very centre <strong>of</strong> the Trossachsin the Wilds <strong>of</strong> Perthshire. I mustnot omit to mention here too our familiarname for stackyard, lainn, which is nothingbut the genitive <strong>of</strong> lann or lain, aclear space for erecting stacks on, &c.He was a bold sturdy Welshman thatpenetrated to the side <strong>of</strong> Loch Katrinewhen Lanrick was given to that place, oreven an <strong>An</strong>glo-Norman, forsooth !I strongly suspect the word is nearlyrelated to the Latin plan -us ; Englishjilain, level ; Greek, 2)latns ; German,Jlach ; English, flat ; <strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon, flet.Perhaps the double II in Welsh may bean assimilation <strong>of</strong> the Latin pi. I fear I
—''—''' Whaur28 THE GAEL. ilarch, 1878would trespass too mucli on your spacewere I to take notice <strong>of</strong> all the M-ords,but let me just say a word or two <strong>of</strong> Dunbartonand Lomond.DtinbarioH is not Welsh or it wouldappear not as dun, but din, or ratherdinaii, which is a common word for a fortifiedtown in Welsh, see D'lnas Coozyn,Diiias Faraon, Dinas Emrijg, &c. Thereis no Welsh word dun signyfying fort orfortress or even town din and dinanbeing always used. Barton is, I suppose,a corruption <strong>of</strong> Breatan, and to thisday is the Gaelic name among the Highlandersfor the Mdiole island, <strong>Scotland</strong> andEngland, Breatain, and as invariably theycalled <strong>Scotland</strong>, A Ihain. Lomond, saysMr Edmund, I suspect, too, is none otherthan the British word Imnan, a standard,&c. " This word "Lomond" meets us underseveral forms in the place names <strong>of</strong><strong>Scotland</strong> and Ireland too. Observe BenLomond and the River Leven flowingfrom Loch Lomond, Dumbartonshire. Thetwo hill Lomonds in Fifeshire and closeby I.,och Leven and issuing therefrom theRiver Leven.In Gaelic we have the following forms<strong>of</strong> this word, leamlian, leibhin, liobhan,and perhaps leanhuachd, leamhan uisce isthe prototype <strong>of</strong> the old territorialLcvanax, now Lennox ; here too belongLean, Lian, Linn, Liomh and Leobh, (asin LeobJias the swampy Island,) all thesemean swampy plain or meadow, and pool&c. To this same root I would comiectabhain dhu liobhan and beinn leibhan, bhas <strong>of</strong>ten for mh. Irish leabar smooth,Icamain river. In English the kin fromlake <strong>of</strong> the same name in Killarny, leanameadow, ieimeas flatness, and in the^Vel8h a7//(/«J for smooth, level in femininegender sleon, whose form comes nearer.Compare here Leman lake with its placidshore Umnos, lenmun Greek kibo, kinio,leinini', Umcn, moist grassy places witheither sand or mud, Latin limis, litxn!(?H equal to jihin, but heis no guide to follow. Mr. Edmunds hasbeen, I ween, trusting too much to Chalmers,in his, no doubt, laborious " Caledonia."Forsooth, Chalmers himself, didnot learn his ignorance <strong>of</strong> the Celtic languages.Plynlbjmman in the Welsh dialectis jjerfectly pointed, completely sharpor pointed, I think it is not Irish, and aScottish Highlander like Colonel Robertsoncould hardly be made, to pronounce it.I hope I have not trespassed too muchon your sjpace.—Most respectfully yours,January 20, 1873.Fraoch.Scarcity <strong>of</strong> Snuff.—A severe snowstormin the Highlands, which lasted forseveral weeks, having stopped all commvmicationbetwixtneighbouring hamlets,the snuffboxes were soon reduced to theirlast pinch.Borrowing and begging fromall the neighbours within reach were firstresorted to, but when these failed, all werealike reduced to the longing whichunwillingly-abstinent snuff-takers aloneknow. The minister <strong>of</strong> the parish wasamong the unhappy number ; the cravingwas so intense, that study was out <strong>of</strong> thequestion, and he became quite restless.As a last resort, the beadle was despatched,through the snow, to a neighboiiring glen,in the hope <strong>of</strong> getting a supply; but hecame back as unsuccessful as he went."What's to be dune, John?" was theminister's pathetic inquiry. John shookhis head, as much as to say that he couldnot tell ; but imm ediately thereafter .startedup, as if a Jiew idea had occurred to him.He came back in a few minutes, crying,"Hae!" The minister, too eager to bescrutinizing, took a long, deep pinch, andthen said,did you get it " ?"I soupit the pou2)it," was John's expressivereply. The minister's accumulatedsuperfluous Sabbath snutì' now came intogood use. Dean
NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.Glenquoich Forest has been let on leaseto M. A. Bass, M.P., son <strong>of</strong> M. T. Bass,Esq. , M. P. for Derby, who iseo well knownin this part <strong>of</strong> the country. The Duke <strong>of</strong>Marlborough had the shootings <strong>of</strong> thisforest for the last few years.The Fishtngs.—The weather has beengenerally unfavourable for the active prosecution<strong>of</strong> the fishing during the pastmonth, and the result has been thatwhile sufficient herrings for bait havebeen obtainable, only a few crans havebeen landed for curing purposes. Goodhauls <strong>of</strong> cod have been got, but there is ageneral impression that the season isabout over.Death <strong>of</strong> Me. Methven, Fishcurer.—The death is announced <strong>of</strong> probably thelargest fishcurer in the world, Mr. JamesMethven, <strong>of</strong> Leith, after a protracted illne.ss.Mr. Methven succeeded his fathera good many years ago, and carried onthe business <strong>of</strong> iishcuring at every stationon the Scotch seaboard, as well as atseveral <strong>of</strong> the English and Irish ports.He would have ujiwards <strong>of</strong> a thousandfishing boats engaged in catching herringsand cod in one season, and at some stationshe would have as many crews in his emplojrmentas all the other curers put together.Though Mr. Methven's deathhad been anticij^ated for some time, ithas caused a great sensation, especiallyamong the communities where his businesswas engaged in.Natives <strong>of</strong> Skye.—The seventh annualsocial gathering <strong>of</strong> the natives <strong>of</strong> Skyeresident in Glasgow, and friends, was heldin the Albert Hall, West Bath Street.Kobt. Simpson, Esq., presided, supportedon the platform by the Rev. DonaldM'Kinnon, D. Ftaser, Esq., Isle Ornsay;Capt. Sinclair, Capt. M'Laughlan, Messrs.Duncan Cameron, K. M'Crimmon, Duncan M 'Donald, Neil M'Kinnon, A. W.M'Leod, &c. After tea, and a brief butgenial address from the Chairman, an excellentvocal programme was entered upon,the artistes engaged for which being MissBessie Malcolm, Mr. W. T. Rushbury,and Mr. James Houston, our celebratedlocal coinique; while "A Friend" contributedone or two effusions in Gaelic,which were received with immense approbationby the many present who were ableto appreciate the sentiments they conveyed.Selections on the bagpipes, moreover,by Messrs. M 'Donald and Gillies,THE GAEL. 29helped at intervals to modify the so far"Sassenach" character <strong>of</strong> the programme;and altogether the gathering—which concludedwith an assembly—was marked bya full degree <strong>of</strong> true Celtic fervour, andwas greatly enjoyed by those present.Endowing OF Poor Highland Charges.—The Rev. Dr. M'Lauchlan has receivedfrom Dr. Rainy <strong>of</strong> Glasgow, the handsomedonation <strong>of</strong> £1000 in aid <strong>of</strong> his scheme forendowing weak charges in the Highlands.The proceeds <strong>of</strong> this sum are to be devotedfor three years to the charge at Raasay,and after that are to be at the disposal <strong>of</strong>the General Assembly for allocation insupport <strong>of</strong> any other weak Highland chargewhich may be selected. James Stevenson,Esq. , <strong>of</strong> Glasgow, has given a subscription<strong>of</strong> £500 to this scheme; and Robert Macfie,Esq. <strong>of</strong> Airds, has given £100 for thebenefit <strong>of</strong> the charge at Morven. Similarcontributions are earnestly requested, andfriends wishful to aid this important objectare reciuested to correspond with the Rev.Dr. M'Lauchlan, Free Church Offices,Mound, Edinburgh.—Z)ai7y Review.Natives <strong>of</strong> Inverness-shiee. — Thefifth annual soiree <strong>of</strong> the natives <strong>of</strong> Inverness-shirewas held last night in theAlbert Hall, Bath Street, which wascrowded by a respectable assemblage.piper was in attendance, and playedwhile the company were gathering. Mr.H. C. Macandrew <strong>of</strong> Midmills, sheriffclerk <strong>of</strong> Inverness-shire, occupied thechair, and on and around the platformwei-e Messrs. Alex. Kackenzie, W. Carruthers,J. Cameron, John Murdoch, C.Campbell, Donald Mackay, John Eraser,Colin MacRae, and others. After tea, theChairman gave an appropriate and interestingaddress, in the course <strong>of</strong> which hereferred to the natural beauties <strong>of</strong> Inverness,and noticed the rapid way in whichthe land <strong>of</strong> the county is changing hands—the old families passing away and givingplace to strangers, who come for sportonly, and whose early ties and associationsare elsewhere. He sjioke <strong>of</strong> thechivalrous feeling with which Highlanderswere animated, as evinced by thedevoted band who fought for PrinceCharles at Culloden, <strong>of</strong> the illustriousservices which the Highlanders had sincerendered to the country on many a battlefield,and the enterjjrise which Inverness-shirehad shown with respect tothose two great constitutional forces organisedfor the defence <strong>of</strong> our native land—the militia and volunteers. <strong>An</strong> ableaddress was afterwards given by Mr,A
;30 THE GAEL.Thomas Morrison. The concert portion<strong>of</strong> the evening's proceedings was <strong>of</strong> an enjoyablecharacter.The Duke <strong>of</strong> Sutherland and theHighland Railways.—In the discussionin the House <strong>of</strong> Commons on Friday ont}ie Indian railway gauge, Mr. Bourkequoted a statement <strong>of</strong> the Duke <strong>of</strong> Sutherland,who, after :— having seen the FestiniogRailway, said "I have expended about£200,000 in promoting and making railwaysin the north. Had these lines beenconstructed on the narrow gauge, and hadthey in consequence cost only two-thirds<strong>of</strong> the co.st that has been expended uponthem, I should have obtained a directreturn on this large sum, which I havelaid out for the benefit <strong>of</strong> my estates and<strong>of</strong> the people in those remote districts.As it is, I shaU suffer considerable loss."Soiree <strong>of</strong> the Xatives <strong>of</strong> Tvree.—The annual soiree <strong>of</strong> the natives <strong>of</strong> Tyreewas held last month in the AssemblyRooms, Bath Street. There was a largeattendance. Mr. John M'Fadyen, Newcastle,occupied the chair, and amongstthose on the platform were Messrs. J. P.Campbell and D. A. M'Dougall, lona;Charles Scouller; Captains Mutter andCurrie; A. M'Lean, Paisley;D. M'Dougall,D. M'Kinnon, John M'Lean, &c. Aftertea, the Chairman delivered a shortaddress. At the outset he expressed thepleasure he felt at seeing such a largeattendance, and trusted that the movementwhich had been originated a fewyears ago for the purpose <strong>of</strong> getting uj)these reunions <strong>of</strong> the natives <strong>of</strong> the islandwould progress and culminate in the formation<strong>of</strong> a benevolent society. He advertedto the advantage which had accruedfrom the erection <strong>of</strong> a lighthouse in thevicinity <strong>of</strong> the island, and hoiied thatthey would all enjoy a happy andagreeable evening. A concert followed,the artistes being Messrs. M'Dougall,M'Adam, Campbell, Johnstone, M 'Arthur,M'Kellar, and M'Lellan. <strong>An</strong>assembly brought the proceedings to a(;lose.St. Colu MBA Gaelic Chu rch, G lasgow.—A congregational soiree <strong>of</strong> this churchwas held in the City Hall, on the evening<strong>of</strong> Tuesday, the 4th <strong>of</strong> March—the Rev.R. Blair, A.M., the pastor <strong>of</strong> the church,presided, and was accompanied to theplatform by the Rev. Messrs. D. M'Leod,Park Church ; M. Cochrane, St. Peter'sJ. Scouler, Milton; W. Turnbull, Townhead; D. Dickie, St. Luke's ; J. Murray,Calton; ^Vallace Sweet, Queen MaryStreet Church; A. Leiper, Gorbals; J.Dey; M'Lachlan, Tarbert; and Messrs.Thos. ^Vain, D. M 'Master, J. M' William,Captain Hottield, D. Murray, HighlandSociety Schools ; William Gilchrist, &c.,besides the managers and session. Fromthe speech <strong>of</strong> the chairman it appears thechurch is in a most flourishing state. Ateach seat-letting since Mr. Blair's appointmentlarge numbers have been unable toobtain sittings. The communion rollnumbers 1600. At last communion 1200actually partook <strong>of</strong> the ordinance. Theamount collected for all purposes, includingbalance from last year's account,exceeded £1600. The session numbers20 elders and 26 deacons. There is aliterary association connected with thechurch, numbering 63 members. Therei.s, besides, a young men's Christian association,which meets every Sabbath morningfor religious conference. Two Sabbathschools, with an attendance <strong>of</strong> 580scholars and 51 teachers. During Mr.Blair's four years ministry in St. Columbahe <strong>of</strong>ficiated in 800 baptisms and 450marriages, and admittedto the communion,either by certificate or for the first time,upwards <strong>of</strong> 500. Addresses were givenby several <strong>of</strong> the gentlemen present, andthe entertainment <strong>of</strong> the evening was muchenhanced by the singing <strong>of</strong> some choicepieces <strong>of</strong> music by the excellent choir <strong>of</strong>the church, under the very able leadership<strong>of</strong> Mr. Brough, the unrivalled precentor<strong>of</strong> the church. We may add that, at thebeginning <strong>of</strong> last winter, the St. Columbacongregation bought a wooden church inGarscube Road, where services are regularlyconducted by a missionary, forbeho<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> the non-church going Highlanders<strong>of</strong> the district. The City Hall,which was crowded on the occasion, presenteda tine appearance.Greenock Highl.and Gathering.—The newly-constituted Highland Society<strong>of</strong> Greenock held their first annual gatheringin the Towm HaU, on Friday, Feb. 7,1873. The meeting was in every particularthoroughly Highland, and to the entiresatisfaction <strong>of</strong> all concerned—a fact whichreflects great credit on the committee.J. J. Grieve, Esq., M.P., occupied thechair, while, to sanction the meeting withclassic lore. Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Blackie sat at hisright. The Pr<strong>of</strong>essor, during the course<strong>of</strong> the evening, delivered a truly eloquentand highly patriotic speech. He denouncedthe Highland clearances, praisedthe Gaelic and Gaelic people, while heseemed to be more in love with the poetry
—March, 1873.THE GAEL. 31<strong>of</strong> Donnchadh Ban and 3Iac M JtaighstirAlasdair than with the heroic strains <strong>of</strong>the blind minstrel <strong>of</strong> Greece. Gaelicmusic was also praised by the learnedPr<strong>of</strong>essor, his admiration <strong>of</strong> it being undoubtedlystrengthened by the excellentmanner in which Mr. John MacGillivraysang " Muile nam Morbheann." Mr.Murdo MacLeod, the aiithor <strong>of</strong> " Eileanan Fhraoich," sang the following song,which was composed for the occasion :LUIXXEAG.ilo run air clann nan Gaidheal,'Si cainnt ar duthch' a' Ghaidhlig,Co-dhiii 's i cainnt ar matharA's fearr leinn na 'n tè Shasunnaicli.Jlnstoers to €orresp0iTb£nt5.Music.—On account <strong>of</strong> the length <strong>of</strong>the song giv^en in the present Gael, andits being harmonized for four voices, andconsequently occujDying so much space,we are reluctantly obliged to withhold theOld Notation, but in future we shall givethe melodies alone and in both notations.W. M'D., Inverness.—We can bind"The Gael" for you, if you cannotget it done in your owTi town. You cansend it to us by post, accompanied by Is.in stamps, and we wiU return the book toyou bound. If any numbers are wantingwe can supply them at 6d. each. No. 2was slightly wider than the subsequentnumbers, but a careful binder can manageto bind it with the other numbers withoutinterfering with the reading matter.The Gaelic Tran.slation <strong>of</strong> theQuEENa Highland Jouexal. — In answerto several enquiries as to what hasbecome <strong>of</strong> this book, we give the followingextract from the Nether Lochaber correspondent,in a late number <strong>of</strong> the InvernessC'ourier:^"\ye are glad to be able to intimateto our readers that there is everyprosjiect <strong>of</strong> the early publication <strong>of</strong> thelate Mr. <strong>An</strong>gus Macpherson's translationinto Gaelic <strong>of</strong> the Queen's Highland Journal.Cluny Macpherson, to whom wetook the liberty <strong>of</strong> writing on the subjecta short time ago, informs us that the work,Co 'chuala riamh a' Ghaidhligin its present stage, is under the superintendence<strong>of</strong> the Rev. Mr. Cameron, Ren-IJach iarradli i mar chanain ?Tha sluagh gun chiall gun naire'Chaidh àrach innt' 's nach labhair i.ton ; and it could not possibly have falleninto better hands, for since the death <strong>of</strong>Xa Gaidheil ann an Grianaig,'Si SCO an coinneamhour fI lend and neighbour the late Mr.bhliadhnail,O'n chuir iad flos do m' larraidhJames Munro, who in his day as a CelticCha b'f hiach lean gun tigh 'nn maille riu, philologer and grammarian had no equal,Mr. Cameron perhaps knows more <strong>of</strong> theLeughar auns gacli àite,Sgeul beurla, print'dh air paipeargenius and grammar <strong>of</strong> our mountaintongueMu chruinneachadh nan Gaidheal,than anybody else that we can at'S feai'-pàrlamaid 'sa 'chathair ac'.the present think <strong>of</strong>. From the greatTha urramach amount <strong>of</strong> labour and conscientious carero spèiseilA bhuineas do na chleir,l)estowed on his translation by Mr. <strong>An</strong>gus'Thainig thugaiuu a Dun-eideannMacpherson, the work completed under'S gun cheist b' e 'n deagh f hear laljhairt e. the editorship and superintendence <strong>of</strong> the'Nuair their na Gaill le tàireRev. Mr. Cameron cannot fail to proveNach f hiach a' chain nt a' Ghaidhlig,such a book as every Celtic scholar willNach cuimhnich iad cho ard'S a tha 'n t-àit' thug Ban-righ Bhreatuiun d'i.wish to have a copy <strong>of</strong> onshelves.his libraryCha Sheinn mi ach an rann seo,'San oidhche 'ruith 'na deann uainn,To C. Stewart, London.—The Stewartsare not originally Celtic, but Norman.Ach 's dginn dorah a ghealltuinnGu'n tig mi ann an ath-bhliadhna.Our best genealogists agree in saying thatthey were a branch <strong>of</strong> the great Nonnanfamily <strong>of</strong> Fitzalan, one <strong>of</strong> whom firstsettled in Renfrewshire. In due time thechief <strong>of</strong> this family became Lord HighSteward <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, and from this dignitythe family derived their name <strong>of</strong> Stewart,Steward, Stuart, &c., for it is variouslyspelt, though the first <strong>of</strong> these is unqueetionablythe most ancient orthography.Walter Stewart <strong>of</strong> Renfrew married Marjorie,daughter <strong>of</strong> King Robert Bruce,whence sprung the royal family <strong>of</strong> Stewart; for, AValter's son, named Robert, becameking <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> on the death <strong>of</strong> hisuncle, Da^nd II. Our present Prince <strong>of</strong>Wales is de facto chief <strong>of</strong> the Stewarts,and as such is Baron <strong>of</strong> Renfrew and LordHigh Steward <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>. The real dejure chief is the lineal male representative<strong>of</strong> James II. <strong>of</strong> England and VII. <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>,whoeverhemaybe. The Stiaicheantas
——;;32 THE GAEL.<strong>of</strong> the Stewarts is the Thistle, in somebranches <strong>of</strong> the family the Oak. TheCath-ghairm <strong>of</strong> the royal family was "St.<strong>An</strong>drew for <strong>Scotland</strong>," and was again andagain shouted by the heroic James IV. atthe battle <strong>of</strong> Flodden. Of the Stewarts<strong>of</strong> Appin the battle cry was "Craig-ansgairbk,"the rock on which Castle -Stalkeris built. The .Failte said to have beenplayed at the battle <strong>of</strong> Bannockburn wasthe well kno\vn old air <strong>of</strong> "Hey Tittietattie,"to be found in ThouASon's collection,and with certain variations, whichmore or less disguise the original, not unfrequentlyheard in modern music. Thebe.st kno^^Ti pipe music connected withthe Stewarts is that <strong>of</strong> the days <strong>of</strong> CharlesI. and Prince Charles Edward, some <strong>of</strong>V hich is very line, such as ' ' You're welcome,Charlie Stewart," and "ThePrince's Welcome."Mr. Shirra, <strong>of</strong> Kirkcaldy, was wellknown from his quaint, and, as it were,parenthetical comments which he introducedin his reading <strong>of</strong> Scripture ; as, forexample, on reading from the 11 6th Psalm," I said in my haste all men are liars,"he quietly observed, "Indeed, Dauvid,an' ye had been i' this jjarish ye might haesaid it at your leesure." Dean Ramaay.A LADY in the north having watchedthe proceedings <strong>of</strong> a guest, who ate longand largely, she ordered the servant totake away, as he had at last laid down hisknife and fork. To her surprise, however,he resumed his work, and she apologizedto him, saying, ' ' I thought, Mr. you,had done." " Oh, so I had, mem; but Ijust fan' a doo in the redd o' my plate."He had discovered a pigeon lurkingamongst the bones and refuse <strong>of</strong> his plate,and could not resist tinishing it. DeanRamsarj.ABERDEEN COKN EXCHANGE, Fel)ruary28.— Potato oats, 40 Uis. per bushel, 26s. Od. to263. 6d. ; common oats 40 lbs. per bushel, ^2s. Od.to 26s. Od. ; wheat (white), 02 lbs. per bushel,S.'is. Od. to 45s. Od. ; wheat (red), 62 lbs. perbushel, 30s. Od. to 40s. Od. ; here, .5.3 lbs. perl)ushel, 278. 6d. to 30s. Od. ; barley 53 lbs. perbushel, 28s. Od. ; to 30s. Od. ; oatmeal per boll <strong>of</strong>140 lbs., 20s. yd. to 00s. Od. ; Hour (fine), per sack<strong>of</strong> 280 lbs., 44s. Od. to 00s. Od. ; do. super., dUs. Od.do. extra, 48s. 6d. ; do. whites, 50s. Od.REPORT OF THE CATTLE TRADE. -Thesupplies <strong>of</strong> fat cattle in Edinburgh and Glasgowwere rather large, though trade was perceptiblyslower, prices were not quotably affected,—anda fair clearance was made in Glasgow. Thelarge supply, nearly 1700, was more than equalto the demand, which was also curtailed by" Lent" beginning, as well as rather heavier tradein the south. The sheep supplies are generallylight. Trade continues dull, while, prices foranything prime are exceptionally high. The demandis easily supplied, buyers curtailing newpurchases as much as possible, and middlingclasses are a shade lower. There has been arather slower sale for foreign stock, wliich <strong>of</strong>course are affected by the numbers <strong>of</strong> home stockand prices therefore are more in buyers' favour.There is a marked falling <strong>of</strong>f in the foreign importationsgenerally, prices on the Continentevidently keeping pace with those current here.There is plenty inquiry for keeping stock <strong>of</strong> allkinds, and well-bred cattle or sheep can be wellsold, but there are not sufficient ottering to constitutequotations. Best beef, in Edinburgh, 10s.to 10s. 3d.; Glasgow, 9s. and 9d. to 10s.; secondary,9s. 3d. to 9s. 6d.; inferior, 8s. to 8s. Od. perstone. Best mutton, hoggets, elevenpence-halfpennyto Is.; wedder, elevenpence-halfpenny;secondary, lOd. per lb.Messrs. John Tiernan & Son, Glasgow.—Thesupply <strong>of</strong> sheep, although small, was fully equalto the demand, and prices must be reported stationary,with a few left unsold. Top oxen, 80s.per cwt. ; secondary, 75s. to 77s. ; middling andinferior, 63s. to 70s. Mutton, hoggets, Is. per lb.do., blackfaced, lid. ; do., secondary, lOd. Cattlein market, 1040; sheep, 2630.BIRTHS.At Portree, on the 26th ultimo, the wife <strong>of</strong> Mr.John Mackenzie, Road Surveyor, <strong>of</strong> a son.At Cromwell Street, Stornoway, on the 1st inst.,Jlrs. James Fkaser, <strong>of</strong> a daughter.MARRIAGES.At the Free Church, ^Madras, on the 5tli Feby.,by the Rev. Alex. Walker, Senior Chaplain <strong>of</strong>the Established Church <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, assisted bythe Rev. William Stevenson, M.A., <strong>of</strong> the FreeChurch <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> Mission, <strong>An</strong>gus Macinnes,Esq., Coorg, to MARY Helen, third daughter <strong>of</strong>the late Rev. John Lamont, Waternish, Isle <strong>of</strong>Skye.At the Roman Catholic Chapel, Elgin, on the22d ult., by ihe Rev. John Thomson, llr. ALEX.Smith, Brewer, Minmore Distillery, Glenlivet, tojVfARY, daughter <strong>of</strong> Mr. Donald Bisset, FarmOverseer, Kilmorack.DEATHS.MarjoryAt South Norwood, on the 25th ult.,Gerard Cruikshank, widow <strong>of</strong> Lieut. -ColonelMackay <strong>of</strong> Bighouse, late <strong>of</strong> the 78th Highlanders.At 9 Douglas Row, Inverness, on the 4th Inst.,Daniel Maciver, Esq., late <strong>of</strong> Stittenham, Ardross,aged 09 years.At Erchless Mains, on Saturday, the 22d ult.,Duncan Chisholm, Farmer there.At Alness, on the 28th ultimo, Mr. HhctorMaclean, Merchant, aged 74—much and justlyregretted.
;;II. Leabh.] TREAS MIOS AN EARRAICH, 1873. [U Air.CALLUM A' GHLINNE.EAKRAN VIII.tlia comh-ionannaclid sliouruiclite aira thaisbeanadh, a dh-aindeoiu gacheadar-dliealacliaidli a dli' flieudas abhi eatorra 'ii au ci'eudaibli agus 'nan oileiiieachadli. Tha toradh anatharrachaidh shlaiuteil, gii neo chaochlaideach,a chum naomhachdagus a' treorachadh le ciunteachd duglieachuadha dh-ionnsuidli ua h-aonchriclie, eadlioin, a'bbeatha mliaireanuacli.Gheibhear cuid d' a thaobh amfeudal' a radii, gun d' fhuair iad, areir coslais, seilbh air saorsa an t-soisgeilgun ach gle blieag de fhaireacliduinna bhi aca riaiiih air daorsa, fodkiteadh an lagha ; agus aig an robhau casan air an socrachadh air a'charaig, gun acli ro bheag a dh-aithne'bin aca air uamliasan Sloclid na mimbisnich.Gheibhear cuid, bho thoiseachan aideachaidh, saor o theagamhanagus o amharus mu'u staid;'n uair a tha cuid eile re nine f hada fochleachdadb inntinn iomguineach,agus fo eagal nach 'eil aca ach mealladh,no air a' chiud is fearr, gluasadanblathmhor nach abuich gu brath gufior thoradh. Ach ged tha mar so," eadar dhealachadh oibreachaidhaun, is 6 an t-aou Dia, a tha agoibreachadh nan uile uithe auns nah-uile."Ged nach robh Galium ro f hada fogheur-mhothachadh no fo dhaorsa,cha robh e idir cosmhuil ri moran deluchd-aideachaidh a gheibhear a' siorghearauri muiuntir eile, air au cruas,air an caoile agus air an dorchadas;no ri cuid eile, a' sior-luaidh air ausith, air an saorsa agus air an landearbhachd.Riamh o'n am ud, b'eI.<strong>An</strong>n an cliu, agus ami an giulanfaicsiiiiieacli an iomlain de fhior " an Criosduidh suilbhir, aoigheil e,luchd-aideacbaidli na diadhaidheachd, biodh daorsa 'stigh uo cruas." Fosgailtemar bha a shuil agus a chailroimhe so, gu bhi 'tarruing toil-inutinua aillidheachd eugsamhuil obairNaduir, bha e nis a' faicinn gloir nacruitheachd ann an solus gloire dothuigsinnagus do-luaidh gliocais,cumhachd agus maitheas an Ti siu achruthaich na h-uile nithe a neoni,agus leis am bheil iad air an coimheadagus air am inion-riaghladh.Bha cilimhne Challuim mar thightasgaidhair a stòradh le teagasgaufallain sgriobturail o 'oige. Thuige nis i-ud-eigin de Juach do-labhairtan oileineachaidh a fhuair e o laitheau'oige auns an teaghlach, agus ann ausgoil na sglreachd. Ged a bha naSailm agus na Ceisdean ioma latha'n an sgios agns 'n an an-tlachd dha,bha iad mar shiol inaith na rioghachdfolaichte aim am fonn a chridhe, a'feitheamh ris na frasan beothachaidho'n airde, as eugais nach bi meadhonaunan gras air an Jeantuinn letoradh, no le buaidh thearnaidh,c'aite air bith, no co air bith leis ambi iad air am frithealadh. Dh'fheudta nis a radh, da-rireadh, d'athaobh, "gun deachaidh na seauunithe seachad, agus gun robh nah-uile uitlie air au deanamh nuadh."Bha an saoghal a nis gu buileach, 'n ashaoghal ur dha. Bha buairidheanagus deuchaiimean air thoiseach air,nach ruigear a leas ainmeachadhach, sgeadaichte le armachd a' chreidimh,bha a cheumana anus gach3
34 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas llios an Earraich, 1873.siiidheachadh air an coiinhead bhoshleauihiiachadh, agus a sbuileau odheuraibli goirt." Teichidli an t-aiiigidli, guu neacliair bitli ail toirairj ach bithidh uali-ionraic daua mar leoghan." Maris trice, clia'u fhaighear am measgdhaoine,gealtair is lag-chuisiche riaghaidh cunnairt no deuchaiun, noeadhoiu ri aghaidh a chomh-chreutair,naan gaothaire spag"hii!ineach,dulaiiachnach aidich umhlachd, iirram noeagal do Dhia no do dhaoine. B'amhuil sud giulan Mhicheil. Asdeigh na h-oidhche ud air an d' f hage-fein agus a bhan-chairdean, Galiumair curam a' Pholiceman^ cha deachaidhe air ais do 'n bhuth-obairchendna. Cha b' iirrainn e coiuneachadhri Galium air an t-sraid asdeigh sud, gun sèapadh seachad le'shuil ris an làr. Cha b' f hada gusan deachaidh e gu buileach as ashealladh, ni mo a chuala e riamhciod a thainig ris.{Ri leantuinn.)Muileach.MU NA SEANN GPIAIDIIEIL.IX.(^Air a leantuinn o 'n aireamh viudheireadh.JTheid sinn a nis air ar n-adhart gu'bhi 'feuchainn ciamar, a reir ar barail-nea chailleadh a' Ghailig le cuidde shliochd nan Caledonach agus namPicteach. Dhearbh sinu cheana gu'm bu Ghaidheil a bha a chomnuidhann an ceann tuath na h-Alba olaithibh Agricola gu linn ChoinnichMhic Ailjiein, agus Chaluim a' ChinnMhoii". <strong>An</strong> uair a bha Calum 'n arigh air Albainn bhuadhaich a'Bheurla air a' mhachair agus annsna h-aitibh dlu do 'n mhachair giituath air Caolas na Friuth; oir bhaa' Bheurla ann an ceann deas Albainno linn Ida. <strong>An</strong> uair a thainigUilleam nam Buadh a nail à Norinandy's an Fhraing, cheamisaich eSasunn agus dh' fhuadaich e 'machan teaghlach rioghail Shasunnachmaille ri moran de ard-uaislean narioghachd. Theich oiglu'e na rioghaclidEdgar Atiielinrj maille r'a mhathairagus a dha phiuthair agusthainig iad air trr aig Port na-Banrigh,am fagus do Dhmi-farlainnfar an robh cuii't rioghail Chaluimaig an am sin. Ghabh an righ riuthagu caoimhneil; thug e didean doibh'n an aii'c agus plios e Maii'earad,piuthar Edgaiv, ban-phrionnsa a bharo mheasail agus fo dheadh chliu airson creidimh. Theich moran deuaislean Shasuinu maille ris an teaghlachrioghail agus lean moran sheirbheiseachiad so, uime sin, thug anIligh,Calum aitean-comhnuidh dlioibhaig taobh na mara. <strong>An</strong> uair a shuidhicheadhiad anns an tir mar luchdaitichthainig tiiillidh d' an caiixleanas an deigh a theich o ghnnis Uilleam,Righ Shasuinn, ionann 's gu'n dolionadh Siorramachd Fi<strong>of</strong>a, taobhdeas Pheaii't, Montrose, Cinn-chardainn,Abar-eadhain agus taobh namara air laimh na h-airde 'n ear dedh-Albainn leis na fogaraich so ; agusa chionn gu 'n robh iad 'n an luchdceairdeseolta bha iad feumail annsan duthaich agus ghabhadh riutha gucaii'deil leis na Seann Ghaidheil.Mheasgaich an da shluagh; plios naGaidheil mnathan Gallda, agus naGoill mnathan Gaidhealach. <strong>An</strong>ceann aimsir araidh chaill sliochd namuinntir so a' Ghailig oir cha 'nionnsaicheadh na Goill a' Ghailig achdh' ionnsaicheadh na Gaidheil a'Bheurla; oir tha e moran ni 's usado Ghaidheal canain chiomheach'ionnsachadh na 'tha e do Ghall.Uime sin, chaill sliochd nam posaidhneanmeasgaichte so a' Ghailig dpbhrigh nach robh i air a labhairt le'm parantaibh. Is ami mar so a thae a' tachairt an diugh ann an coillticheanAmerica far am bheil ansluagh measgaichte feadh a' cheile.
Treas Mios an Earraich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. S5A thuilleaclh air so, do bhrigli nachrobh Gailig aig Mairearad Ban-righChaluim sguir iad de labhairt Gailiganns an teaghlach rioghail, agus cliamho a labki-adh i aim an teaghlaicliibhnan uai-slean Gallda a thainigmaille ris a' Blian-righ à Sasunn.Thoisicli mar an ceudna moran de nali-uaislean dutbchasach. air labhairtBeurla a chionn gu 'n robh sinfasanta, agus gu 'in b'i cainnt nacuirte rioghail. Mar so chaidh a'Ghailig 'fhuadachadh a mach uidhair 'n uidh as a' mhachair agus ghabhi fasgadh am measg nan gaisgeachann an tir nam beann, far am bheili air a labhairt gus an latha 'n diugh.Cha b' iad a naimhdean a chuir asd'i ach a cairdean a sguir de 'bhi 'g alabhairt. Ma bhios a cairdean dileascumaidh iad a suas i mar dhileab afhuair iad o'n sinnsearaibh ; ach murTRAITHEAN NA BLIADHNA.I.Tha an Salmadair ann an aitesouruichte a' labhairt air an doigli somu dheibhinu an Tighearna, " Shuidh •ich Thu nile chriocha na talmhainnn; riun Thu au Samhradh agusan Geamhradh." <strong>An</strong>n an aite eiletha e ag- eigheach a mach an deighdha beachd sonruichte a ghabhail airan tuigse, air a' mhaitheas agus aira' chumhachd a tha air an nochdadhle dealbh sgiamhach, iong-antach a'chruiiine-ce " Cia lioimhor d' oibre, aThigheania, ann an gliocas riim Thuiad gu leir ; tha an Talamh, Ian ded' shaoibhreas." Is ann le 'bhi 'socrachadhar n-aire air na h-oibreancumhachdach leis am bheil sinn airar cuartachadh ; is ann le 'bhi 'raunsachadhgu mionaideach, dichiollachg-ne ag-us feum agus eifeachd nannithean a cruthaicli,. Dia, 's a thasgaoilte 'u an uile ailleachd agus 'nan uile mhaisealachd fo chomhair arsuilearj, a tha e 'n ar comas dearbhbheachda 's airde agus a's soilleirea thrusadh mu dheibhinn an De oirdheirc,ghloirmhoir siim a ghairmair tus gach ueach agus ui à iieoni,agus anns am bheil againn " ar bith,ar beatha agus ar comas gluasaid."Ma dh' oidhirpicheas sinn air andreuchd shouruichte 'fhaotainn amach a tha gach ni a' coimhlionadh'n a thrath feiu agus ma chinneasleinu anus a' cheasnachadh so, chisinn gun amharus gu 'm bheil 'f heumfein mu choinneamh gach ni agus gu'n do rinn Dia na h-uile nithe gumaith 'n au aite fein. Ma dhearcassinn air lochran aghmhor nan speurbi, gun teagamh buadhaichidh a'Bheurla anns a' chuid eile d' anduthaich far nach do rainig i fhathast,agus ma thachras sin cha chluinnearle gnuis shoilleir, ghrianaich, chair-fonn na canain aosmhoir so ni deil, agus ma bheir sinnmo i a' ghrian a tha 'ruagadhfaiuear gurair falbh's an aite sam bith air thalamh,mur faighear i aig beagan thall 's a na h-oidhche duirche a bha a' comhdachbhos ail- an sgapadh feadh choillticheanau t-saoghail re uine cho fada;America. D. B. B. ma ghleidheas sinn air chuimhne gurann bho mhac nan speur a tha blathsa' tighiim agus an solus glan aghmhormar au ceudna a tha' toirtcomais do luchd-aiteachaidh na talmhainuseirbheis agus saothair adheanamh, aidichidh sinn air ball gu'm bheil na sochairean lionmhor aguspriseil a tha gathan blath na greiuea' frasadh air an t-saoghal. Cha 'n'eil eadhon dorchadas na h-oidhchefein gun bhuannachd mhor ceangailteris. Is ann aig an am so au deighdo 'n ghrein dol fodha a tha au duiueagus ainmhidhean na machrach a'gabhail fois agus a' trusadh an spionnaidh's an urachaidh sin a tha feumailair son giiiomh an latha maireacha dheanamh gu ceart. Is anuaig an am so mar an ceudna, an uair
;36 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Earraich, 1873.a tha treise agns teas na greine'fannachadh agus i-feiii a' deifreachadha dh-ioniisaidh a leabaidhamis au iar a tha aa dnichda' braouadh air an talamh, marso a' taiseachadh nan achaidhneanagus 'g an cur ann anuidheam a 's fearr air son maith a'sbuannachd a tharruiug o theas nagreine.Tha a sliochaii', a shugradhagus 'aighear fein ceangailte risgach trath d' an bhliadhna. <strong>An</strong>nsan Earrach tha gach ni mar gu'm b* ann a' dusgadh bhocliadal fada trom ; tha an talamhag ath-nuadhachadh a thrusgain guli-iomlan ;guirmead agus boidhcheada' deanamh gach fonn a'sfaiche sgiamhach ; uiread agus ailleachdr' am faicinn air gachcoille a's i^reas a's magh ; dicliioUagus dealas agus tapadh mor airan nochdadh le daoine ann ancur an caochladh oibrichean airan aghaidh. Tha an tuathanacli anis trang a' deasachadli an fhearaiunair son an t-sil. Tha eoin anadhair a' gbiasad gu dichiollach'n an saothair uaigneach, sheoltafein. Thig an Samhradh le 'bhlathsagus 'aoibhneas agus thig gach geuga's crann gii luath fo bhlath.Comhdaichidh trusgan aoidheil annan nine ghearr na barrain abha dubhach, gruamach roimhecluinnear guth binn ceileii-each naneun ag eiiidh bho iomadh preas, agusfasaidh suas gu sgipidh toradhbrioghmhor na talmhainn. Thaiomhaigh shunndach, shuilbhear,aighearach a nis air agliaidh nanspeur agus an t-saoghail gu leir.Ise toileachas a'saiteasant-ionmhasa's momha tha an Samhradh a' buileacliadhagus cha 'n eil trath de 'n])hliadhua a tha pairteachadh uireadsholais agus shonais.Thig am Fogharadh agus tha 'obairfein aige r' a dheanamh, Tha aig anam so toradh trom, liontach na talndiainnabuich agus deas airson aghearadh sios. Tha an Ion a ghiulaineasna h-achaidhnean air son duineagus ainmhidh ulLuuh gu bhi air athional a stigh. Is e am taitneach atha ann, oir tha na buanaichean diana' gearradh sios an arbhair agus thaiadsan a chuii- le dochas ann antoiseach na bliadhna' agus a steidhichan aire air an toradh a bhitheadb acaair son an saothrach, fadheoidh a'faicinn an iarrtusan aii- an coimhlionadhagus an seii'bheis air a dioladhgu jiailt. Is firinnich, is foghainteachagus is freagaracb a tha na briathrana chleachd Daibhidh ann an luaidh adheanamb air an ni so, " CrunaidhTu a' bhliadhna le d' mhaitheas, agussilidli do cheuman saill. Silidh iadair cluainibh an fhasaich agus ni nacnuic gairdeachas air gach taobh."Ach anns an Fhogharadh ged tliabroilleach na talmhainn sgeadaichtele culaidh riomhach, lui'ach tha sanasail- a thoii't seachad gu 'm bheil ansnuadh dreachmhor, eireachdail so a'call a shnasmhoii-eachd agus gu 'mbheil an uair a' ruith gu luath amisam fulling deise ghorm nam fonnmuthadh mor.Tha na craobhan a'ci'athadh an duilleagan gorma 's thabarr an fheoir a' seargadh oil* tha anGeamhradh a' tighinn. Is e so antrath anns am bheil dubhachassgriobhta air aghaidh naduir. Thamaise nam beann 's nan comhnard airfalbh 's tha na sruthain bhrasa, fhuaimneachair an cuibhreachadh le geimhleancruaidh. Gidheadli, tha'ailleachdfein aig a' Gheamhradh eadhon martha e aig an t-Samhi-adh. " RinnThusa O Dhe gach ni maith 'n a amfein; rinn Thu an Samhradh agusrinn Thu an Geamhradh."CONA.(Hi leantitinn.)
Treas ÌIios an Eanaich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 3?COMHRADH NAN CNOC.{O'n Teachdaire Ghaidhealach.)PARA MOR AGUS DOJIHXULL a' BHUTH.DoiiH.-—Failt' ort a Phàra mhoir.Tha mi 'tuigsinn gu-n robh thu as a'bhaile; cha-n e'h-uile la a chuireastu siias am breacan iiaine. Co as athug thu'choiseaclidlPara.—Cha bu mhaith leam clroclafLreagairt a thoirt ort, ach ged nachcan mi, mar a thubhaii-t Ailean nancon e, gu-n d'thug as mo chasan,faodaidh mi le f irinn a ràdh, gurcoma leam co as. Bha mi 'n diugha' bhaile-mhor, 'us cha b' e baUe na'sbiatachd: ciil mo làimhe ris an dalatha so.DoJiH.—Shacilinn thusa 'tha 'chomhnuidhann an uaigneas a' Ghlinnduibh,gu-m bu bheothachadh mòrdhuit sgriob a thoii-t air uaii-ibh do'nbhaile-mhòr a dh' amharc an t-saoghail.Par.—Ma tha 'm baile ud 'n ashamliladh air an t-saoghal, cha-nioghnadh leam daoin' a chluinntinnag ràdh, <strong>An</strong> saoghal bochd, mosach.'S mi nach iarradh a chabhsaù- tioram,acrach a choiseacbd ri m' bheo. Geddh' fhàilnichinn air an t-sràid leis a'ghorta, cha-n'eil diiil agam gu-mfeoraicheadh iad, Ciod a dh'fhaii'ichan duine bochd?DoiiH.--<strong>An</strong> robh thu aig mod ant-Siorraim an diugh; no'n cual' thucionnas a chaidh do dh-Iain ban agusdo Chailleach an oir?Para.—Cha teichd olcas.Fhuairi 'n lagh air Iain bochd, 's cha b'emo roghainn a bha 'n uachdar. Gnothuchnar, càin a chur au' an duinebhochd, ail- son ruith de 'n teangaidha thoirt do'n Chaillich ghràinde; agus's e 'chuid a's miosa, ged is ann ris nacnoic a tha mi 'g a ràdh, nach dubhairte focal ach an fhrinn.DoiiH.—Tha'n fhrinn fhèin airuaùibh searbh ; ach is maith gu-mbheil lagh ann ; agus nach faod esanno duin' eile a dhi'och nàdiu' a biTichdadha mach a rèir a mhiann, gun e'dhloladh aii- a shon. 'S e'n laghfhein an gille.Para.—Is minic a chuala mi Gillenan car, agus b'e sin esan ;lagh nadiinach do gach duine a dh'fheuchasris. 'S e pailteachd an lagha, gortana tire. Bha cairdeas agus deadhchoimhearsnachd, this, seii-c, agus caoimhneas,onoir agus firin eadar duineagus duine, gus an cuala sinn iomradhair na fithich chiocrach sin, naS,gi'iobhadaii-ean ; creachadairean gunchogais gun iochd ; spuinneadaireangun nàire—DoMH,—Thoir an aire dhuit fhein,a Phàraig, cuimhnich mar dh'èii'ichdo dh-Iain ban ;agus tha priosan ùra nis 's a' bhaile-mhor.Para.—Cha-n eagal domh, tha 'nlagh air mo thaobh, seasaidh a' bhreugmi. Dean a mach gu 'n dubhairi mie; cha-n'eil da fhianuis agad mar bhaaig Cailleach an oii-. Sin agad anlagh; agus mar thubhairt mi cheana,'s e milleadh na dùthcha e. Chunnaicmi la, agus bu tèaruinte do dhuinegleadhar de bha La daraich a thoirt dobhalach 'am fad an leth-chinn, nabuidseach a ràdh a nis ri Cailleachan oir.Domh.—Nach mor am beannachadhsin, teang' Iain bhàin, agus bataPhàra mhòir a bhi fo'n lagh; agusgu-m faigh an duine a's bochda ceartasan aghaidh an duine a's saoibhù'e.Para.—Ah- d'athais; cha-n'eil anlagh r'a fhaotainn a nasgaidh; murIwodh an t-or aig a' Chaillich chachluinnte iomradh air teang' Ianbhàin. <strong>An</strong> t-aon aig am bheil ant-or gheibh e'n lagh; agus ma thagamhlas aige ri duine bochd sam bith,cha-n'eil aige ach a h-aon de dh-abhag'anan lagha a stuigeadh ris, agusma gheibh e as gun aileadh am fiacala bhi 'n a shall, faodaidh se e-fhèin amheas fortanach. <strong>An</strong> cluinn thu,'Dhomhnuill, tha mis'ag ràdh riut,
;S8 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas ilios an Earraich, 1S73.nacli robh amis na Gàidseirean bochdaach feala-dbh an coimeas riu so; fliad's a dh' fhanas duine o ghuotliiiiclieanmi-lagliail, cha ruig e leas bonn-a-hocbda thoii-t orra-san ; ach 's gann isiirrainn duine a nis e fhèin a gbiiilansaor o lagb, agus tha do chiiir's deHxban aun, gu-m feumadb duine atha 'n sas ann a' bheag no mhòr deghnothuichean, am Maor Ruadh abhi 'n a chois gach ceum a theid e. INIobheannachd air an am a dh'fhalbh 'nuair nach robh Sgriobhadair, maorrigh,no tèarraid 's an diithaich. 'Smi 'bha thall — 's a chunnaic e.DoJiH. 'S beag 'tha fhios agadciod a tha thu 'g' ràdh. Na-m biodhtus' eolach air eachdraidh na tire chalabhradh tu mar sin: an uair nachrobh lagh ann, ach focal an uachdarain,agus a dh'i haodadh e le smèide nacorraig leum air cheann a dheanamhair aon neach a thogi-adh e; agus anuair a bha 'cheatharna bhochd 'n antràillean. 'S e cothrom an laghaun-am na diithcha.Para.—Air do shocair a Dhomhnuill; bha thusa gu deimhinn fad 'anGlaschu, agus tha sgoil agad, aguscomas labhaiii ; ach air a shon sinuile, feumaidh mi cur a' d'aghaidhcha-n e cothrom an lagha urram nadiithcha ;ach laghanna cothromach,agus ceartas, air am faod daoinebochda migheachd gun or, gun airgiod; agus 's e so sochair a bh' aca 'sa' Gh aid healtachd m' am facas riamhSgriobhadaii" no bàta-smùide 'n armeasg. 'S an am sin an uair athigeadh eadar dithis (ni a's eigintachairt air uairibh), rachadh iad guh-eai'bsach an latliair uaislean nadiithcha, nadaoine tuigseach, ceanalta,a thogadh, 's a blia 'chomhnixidh 'nam measg, a bha eolach air gnotliuichibhna tire, agus a b'uiTainn labhairtruiun 'n ar cainnt fhein ; bhafocal nan daoine so dhuinn mar laghagus cha do chuir sinn riamh an age. Bha 'chùis air a socrachadh gunmhoille, gun chostas ; bha reit' air adeanamh 's an am, agus cha robhtuilleadh m'a dhèibhinn. Cha robhsmaointeachadh aig duine sam bith,ann an cuid de ghnothuichibh, dolseachad air a' Mhiuisteir agus air ant-Seisein, agus ann an gnothuichibheile seachad air an uachdaran ; acha nis, ma chaogas fleasgach og a shiiilri caileig, a suas a' bhoineid chonnlaich's air falbh leatha gu fear-lagha,a' deanamh a mach gealladh-posaidh'n a aghaidh; agus tha e cho maithdo'n ghille bhochd a gabhail agus dolgu lagh leatha.DoMH.—Tha thu 'di-chuimhneachadhgu-m bheil breitheamhnan annsgach cùirt, ag'us nach ceadaich iadfoh'neart a dheanamh aii- daoinibhbochda. Nach 'eil thu earbsach asan t-Siorram1Para.— 'S mi a tha.Dh' earbainnr'a f hocal mo chuid de 'n t-saoghal,ged nach 'eil sin mor; taing do 'nlagh ail- a shon. Cha-n eagal leamnach bhi ceartas 'n a bhreth; ach isrud a tha mi 'gearan g'u-m bi comasaig na Sgriobhadairean daoine bochd'a shlaodadh m'a choinneamh gunfhios c'ar son, le duine sam bith leisam miann a' choimhearsnach bochd asgiùrsadh le lagh; agus a dhiolasdhoibhsan air son a dheanamh.DoMH.—Cia mar a dh'fhaodas sina nis a bhith? Cia mar a dh'fhaodainn-secur as duit-se le laghlPara.—Innseam-sa sin duit. Thoirthus' airgiod leat, agus rach do bhail'àraidh nach ainmich mi, agus abairris an Sgriobhadair leam leat, CuirPara mòr gu lagh ; agus 's mealltamise mur faigh esan doigh air mis' athoirt'an làthair an t-Siorraim, gednach biodh de leth-sgeul aim ach gu-ndo chrath am mart maol agam a dachluas riut. Lagh 'n a shochair aigdaoine bochda! tha mi 'g ràdh riut,ged a spionadh tu 'n cbta breacain soo'u druim agam, a' cur an ceill gu-mbu leat f hein e, mur b'uirainn domh
fTreas Mios an Earraich, 1872 AN GAIDHEAL. S9le cruas nan clorn a chnmail nait, b'fhèaiT dhomh a thoii-t duit, seach dolgu lagli,ni ged a bhuidhninn, a bhiodlidhomh 'n a chall.DoMH.—Tha beagan de'n fhii-innanns na labhair thu; ach air a shonsin, tha daoine ni's poncaile 'n angnothuichibh na bha iad; agus bhafeum aig na Gàidheil air a sin : cha-n'eil iad comharraichte air seasamh r'an latha.Para.—Mo thmaighe, is diiilichdhoibh ! Ach an saoil- thu an deanlagh ni 's fèarr iad. Faodaidh e andeanamh gu lùbach, cai-ach, seòlta,ach cha tig an la a ni e firinneach,onorach iad. Chunnaic mi latha abha sgailc aii' a' bhois, cho maith riBill agus ui'ras ; ach dh' fhalbh an lasin ; cha-n fhoghannn a nis ach stampan ceann gach gnothuich. Am f'aicthu 'chorrag ud, a Dhòmhnuill ;chuirmi TÌ Bill i aon uair, ach ma chuir,cha chuii- a rithist; b' hèarr leam acur air an ealaig fo'n tuaigh ; is mis'a thuig ciounas a tha na Sgi'iobhadaireana' deanamh am beairteis.DoMH.—C ar son a tha thu rigearan 'n an aghaidh-san : ciod eBill, ach gealladh fo d'làimh gu-ndiol thu na fiachan a tha e 'giùlan airlatha àraidli ; agus ma sheasas tu risa sin, cha ruig thu leas puinneagchàil a thoirt air an lagh. "Thigdàil gu dorus," agus bu choii" dhuit-s'an la a chuimhneachadh.Para.—A chuimhneachadh! 'Smi 'bha 'g a chuimhneachadh; mabha, b' iad miosan a bu ghioiTa dh'fhairich mise riamh. Ach ' sheas mimo latha.DoMH.—Ma sheas, ciod an smàdadha tha agad air na Sgi'iobhadairean?Para.—Chuir thu stad a' m' sheanachas.Tha cuimhn' agad sinn a bhiair Ronpa Fir-na-Creige an uraidh.Co nach robh ann? bha an spreidhcho maith, an dàil cho fada, 's ant-uisge-beatha cho pailt. Chaidhriaghailtean na ceannachd a leughadhanu am Beurla; cha chiiala mi aonfhocal a thuig mi ach aon ran a thugam Maor Paiadh as, " Dàil bliadhn'a dhaoin'uaisle." Thuit am martmaol orm fhein ; agus niu fheasgardh' iarradh orm dol a stigh maille rieach. " Am bheil thu maith air ansgi-iobhadh," ars' am fear-lagha?" Cha-n'eil," arsa mise, "b'fhèarrleam iomair a' bhoUa a thaiTuingdireach leis an t-seisrich, na sgriob,leth-oirleach air fad, a thaniiing lepeann mar bu choir dhomh; achfeuchaidh mi lis. ISTach e seach puinndagus coig-deug a tba'n so " " ? 'S e sindo chuid-se dheth," ars' esan, " achle cion paipeii' freagarraich, b' eigindomh Lachann Mac Fhionnlaidh achiir 's an aon bhoinn i-iutsa, ach 'se'n aon ni e." " Cha-n'eil teagamhnach e," a deir mise; "ma dhiolasesan a chuid fhein, cha bhi mis' airdeireadh." "Tha mi cinnteach as asin." ars' an Sgriobhadair le 'pheannfada CÙ1 a chluaise, agus fiamh ghàir'air a ghnùis. " Thugaibh dram doPhàraig coir, agus cuii-ibh a stighLachann." Ciod a th' agad aù', achthàinig an latha, 's bha mise rèidhau- a shon. Ruigear Fear-na-Creige,agus tairgear luach a' mhairt mhaoil:" Ruig" ars' esan, " an Sgriobhadairaig am bheil na Billichean :" dhiiine 'n dorus air mo sliroin, gun fheoraichan robh beul air m' aghaidh.Cha robh comas aii'. Thug mi fheinam baile-mor orm, agus ràinig mi mocharaid an SgTÌobhadaii'. Bha mudan t-Siorraim gu suidhe, agus chalabhradh e focal rium gu h-anmoch." Tha 'n sruth," a deir mis', " a' tilleadhagus an latha 'dol seachad."" Ma tha," deù' esan, " tha latha, agussruth eile a' tighinn." Cha robhcomas air ! Dh'fhalbh mi 's a' bhabhdaireachdfeadh a' bhaile, o uinneiggu h-uinneig. Fa dheireadh thachaii-am Maor Ruadh orm, agus dh'innis mi dha mar bha, " Marbh'aisg
—40 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas ilios an Earraich, 1873.air an sgadan," ars' esan, " 's e 'tha feumach. Fear Acha-da-seillean, macsaillte am bliadlina : tlia ixii air ino an deadh athar. Fhuair sinn air archlaoidh leis a' pliatliadh." Thuig focal uaithe-san na thog am Bill, achmi f lieiu mar blia 'cliùis, 's gu-m ma thog, 's ann 'n a chois a bha 'nbu luaithe deocli iia sgeul. Chaidli sgathadh ; cunntas air a tharruing aSÙ1U a stigh, bliuail mi f lièin am bòrd, mach le dubh agus dearg, cho boidheachri aon suidheachadh Ijreacain aagus glaodhar leth-bhodach de Rumdearg. Fliuair mi moran seanachais chunnaic thu riamh' agus os ceann dao'n Mhaor, agus gheall e dol learn 'u phunnd Shasunnach de chostas. Sinuair a sgaoileadh am mod. Rinn e agad a nis an lagh amis am bheil nasin; thacliah- an Sgriobliadair oirnn, h-uii'ead thlachd — agad.DoMH. 'N a dlieigh sin uile chaagus ultach pliaipeirean aige. Leansinn a stigli e, agus thaù-g mi dlialuach a' mliairt mhaoil. " Nach 'eile'n sin agaibh," arsa mise, "gunphiiighinn a dhith air." Thoisich eair a clninntas. Chuir am Maorcagar a' m' chluais, " Faigh d'ainm asa' Bhill." " Tapadli leat," a deir mise." Tha do cluiid-se de'n t-suim an so,"a deir an Sgriobhadair; " ach c'àit'am bheil Lachanni" "Is comaleam c'àit' am bheil e. Biodh gachfear a' toirt sgaii-bh a creagan dhafhein ; thugaibh m' ainm as a'Bhill." " Sin rud, a bhobaig, nach'eil a' m' chomas a dheanamh. Thami 'faicinn gu-m bheil e conjtinct"" Ma tha biodh aige, ciod e sindomhsa'? Nach do dhiol mise mochuid fèin deth ? " " Rinn tliusin, ach tha thu ceangailte air soncuid Lachainn cuidcachd ;agus murbhi thusa no esan an so an ceannseachduinn cluinnidh tu uam-sa airdòigh nach bhi ro thaitneach."" Cha-n 'eil comas air," a deir mise," 81àn leibh!" Sin a nis, a Dhòmhnuill,an lagh, as am bheil thii 'deanamhna h-uiread mhòrchuis.DoMli.—Ciod eile ach an lagh,agus ceartas cuideachd.Para.—Cluipeireachd, a dliuiue,agus cha bu cheartas. Nach dul)hairte 'n làthair flaanuisean an la a chuirmi m' ainm ris nach robh mi 'stighach ah- son mo chodach fhèin. Achciod e am fath 'bhi 'gearan, Charobh sgillinn aig Lachaini bochd airan am, ach ràinig sinn caraid namd' linn am fear-lagha ach a dhleasnas.Bha 'n lagh air a thaobh.Para.—Bha 'n rosad air a thaobh ;ach CO 'bu shiobhalta na e 'n la achaidli mi 'stigh a shocrachadh ris.Is duilich leam, ars' esan, mar a thachair,cha nihaith a fhuaras Lachannort ; ach ma thogras tu bheir mis'ah- a li-uile sgillinn a dhloladh lecostas. "Cha-n 'eil teagamli agam,'ille mhaith ; ach rachadh Para mòra dh'iarraidh na dèii'c' mu-ii leigeadhe leat dol an sàs ann an Lachann coir."Gabli na fhuair thu," a deir mise," agus slàii leat."DoMH.—Sin agad math an laglia;ni e thusa agus do leithid faicilleachciod a ni sibh, gun ghealladh a thoirtnach co-gheall sibh.Para.—Tog dlietli ; na cluinneamtuilleadh mu'ii chùis. Na-n siioiliinigu-n ruigeadh mo gliutli gach cèarnade 'n Ghàidhealtachd, o mhullachBeinn-nibheis, dhirinn i mocli ammàù'each, agus mar so labhrainn :" Flieara, 's a dhaoine, siblise a tha'g àiteachadh Tir nam Beaiiii, nanGleann, 's nam Breacan, eisdibh riPara mòr oir 'Is minic a thàinigcomhaùie righ a beul an ainadain.'Seachnaibh an lagh. 'Uachdaranana diithcha, seasaibh 'ur daoine,agus saoraibh iad o làmhaii an luchdlagha.Cha-n 'eil sgillinn a bheiriad uatha-san nach faiiich sibhs'a chall. A Mhinistirean an t-soisgeil,earalaichibh ur luchd-èisdeachd anaghaidh iad a dhol gu lagh, noclid-
'Treas Mios an Earraich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 41aibh dhoibli a cliall, agus comhairlicliibhiad gii sitli agus reite. Amhviinntii- mo dliùthcha,eadar tliuathaguscheatharna, mathig connsachadh'n ur measg leigibli a' cliùis gu radiidithis de dliaoine coire. Tlia uaisleanf hatliast 'n ur measg, a sgoilteas anlagli, agus aig am blieil bàigli ribli,rachaibli d' an ionnsuidli : agus siblisea luchd-lagha, agus a Sgriobliadaireancuimhiiicliibli gu-m blieil bàs a' feitlieaiulioirbli, agus breitlieamli os urceanii d'an eigiii duibli cunntas atliabliairt."T.—o.—;AN DARA DUANDE SGIALACHD NA TROIDHE;Air a thionndadh bho Ghrèugais HomeirGu Gàidhlig Abraich.Le Eobhan MacLachainn.Ta'txhcanadh an Fheachda; acjus àireaìiihìiiun fmeachan Grèugach agus Tròidhtach.II.(Air a leanttiinn hho '« airbnh inu(Iheireadh.)Eisdibh, a cbairdean, le feairt,<strong>An</strong> ni tha na m' bheachd a luadh;<strong>An</strong> raoir tre oidhche nan dealt scanihThùirling Cruth bho nèamh gu m' shuain.Bha 'n Taisbean mar Nestor liath,Tliair na chunnacas riamh air feur;A leth-bhreac an guth 's an triall,A dhealbh cuim, a sgiamh, 's a mhèinn.Thùr e, 'a e os cionn mo chinn,Na briathran seo, jJong air phong:'Am fois dutsa, 'ghaisgieb tbrein,Ur-mliic Atreuis nan steud lorn ?Dim-brigh do chomairleach glic,Do 'm buin cùram bhlàr a's theachd'S miltean slòigli ag earbs' a thaic,Cian-chadal an caidreamb leisg.Gabh gu mion-blieachdaidh ri m' sgeul,'S mi teachdaire dhe nan dia;Bho'n 's mòr a tbruas diot a's ùigh,D' àrdachadh 'an cliii 's e 'mhiaim.'S àiU leis thu ghrad-thoirt gu blàr.Sliochd na Greige 's àrbhuidh cùl :Glacaidh tu 'n stuaidh fharsuing àrd,'S fàgaidh na 'glas chàrn 's an ùir.Bho'n rinn lùno 'n ùrnaigh chruaidh,Tha 'nt aon run aig sluagh nan si^eur:Thuit Tròidh gu buileach fo bhinn,'S thig maom-sgrios air linn nam bèud,Gabhsa suim de reachd an de,—:'S na caill diog de sgeul mo bheùil."Siod na thùr am bruadar faoin,'S as mo shealladh thaom mar cheò.Nis a laochraidh nam mòr-èuchdBho'n 's òrdugh nan speur a th' ann,Grad-dheasaichear sliochd na Greig'Gu 'n nochdadh ri streup nan lann.Dearbham gu faicleach an tùs,Ciod an dùrachd 's a' ghniomh bhuan:larraidh mi gu 'n teich iad tràth,Gu 'm fonii thair bhàrc a' chuain.Fàgam dhuibhs' 'f heara mo chridh,Gu'u grab sibh an ni gun chliù."Chriochnaich deagh-cheannard nan triath'S shuidh na 'mhòrachd sios na 'chiiirt.Dli' eirich Nestor mannta, min,Righ Philois nan oitir ban,Cainntear do 'm b' iùl gliocas cùrr,'S thug freagairt le glòir neo-bh;ith" 'Uaislean ard-inbheach mo riiinA stiùireas na miltean tièun,Bho aon neach eil' air an raon,Mheaste' 'm bruadar mar chlaon-bhreigAch 's fios e' thùirling bho 'n speurChum ant sheòid d' an geill an sluagh.Bhrigh siod, 's coir a' Ghreiff' gun dàilThoirt air blàr fo 'n arma cruaidh.Labhair e ; 's dh' eirich a' chiiirt.<strong>An</strong> ùmhlachd do righ nan laoch;Thriall gach triath 's a cholbh na 'ghlaic,'8 dhòirtna'ndèigham feachdromh'nraon.Amhuil mar thaosgas na 'n deann,Beachan srannrach bho 'n chraig-chòis;Sir-shruthaidh na buidhnean luath,8gaoth air sgaoth thair cluain an f heòir;Chitear am frith-leumraich bhaoth,Bhos a's thall feadh raon nan driùchd;'8 caignean diubh cruinn air gach bàrr,Mu bhlathan an Earraich ùir.8in mar thuil-bhriichdadh na slòigh,Bho chùmhnuidh nam biith 's nan long,Ag gluasad na 'n sreudan cian,Seachad siar ri bial nan tonn,Adh ionnsaidh pubuU an righ;Thaosgadh iad romh 'n tir mar nial.Chluinneadh tu 'g osnaich am fonn,Aig tartar am bonn 's an triall.Rompa chaidh Alladh na 'leum,Ban-teachdair àrd-sgèulach lòbh.Dhèarrs i os an cionn 's an speur,'8 i mosgladh nan treun gu glòir.Theanail na deich miltean cruinn,Le gaoir bhruidhne 's tailmrich chas.Naoidh maoir gu h-oscarra gairm,Ciu 'n sioladh an toirm gu fois.A chlàistiim toil nan deagh righ,Shuidh air bùird a sios gach treubh;Bha chomhairl' iom-loinntreach, Ian,'8 ghabh a' ghleadhraich tàmh gu lèir.(Jii leantu'inn.)";
':—"—42 AN GAÌDHEAL. Treas Mios an Eariaich, 1873.UILLEAM MAC-DHUN-LEIBHE, AM BARD ILEACH.(Air leantuinn.)Bu tiamhaidh a sheiuu am BardIleach ail lorn - sgrios a thugadhair Eileiu a ghaoil, " Eileaniomraiteach an lagba," ti'id fogradhnan Gaidheal an deigli do Thighearnadligheach an fhearainii 'oighreachdmhaiseach a chall. Oir a chum cUiiteaghlach iirramach He, biodh e airinuseadh nach b' ami ri 'n linu-sana cliaidh an t-Eileiii a cliur fas. Socuid de na li-earrannau anus an d'thug am Bard iomradh air an fhogradhsin' Ged a roiiineas gatban grèineThis nan speiir ri blath nan Ion,'S ged a chithear spreidh air airidli,A's buailtean Ian de dh-àlach bhò,Tha He 'n diugh gnn daoine,—Chuir a 'chora bailtean fas,Mar a f huair 's a chiinnaic miseThoir an fios so thun a Bhaird." Ged a thogar feachd na h-AlbaIs cliùiteach ainm air faiche 'n air,Bithidh Bratach Fhraoicb nan Ileach,Gun dol sios ga dion le each ;Sgap mi-run iad thar na fairge'S gun ach ainnih'ean balbh' 'nan ait'Mar a f huair 's a chunnaic mise,Thoir am fios so thun a' Bhaird.Dh' f haodamaid iomadh rann eile athoirt an lathair a' leigeadh ris airmhodh soilleir cumhachd a' BhairdHich, agus niaise nam briathran aigeach o'n tha mhiann orm o am gu amcuid de 'n Bhardaclid aige nachdeacha i-ianih fhathasd a chlo-bhualadha thoirt an lathair hichd-leug'haidha' Ghaidiieil, bithidh cothromaca feiu air breith a thoirt agusair fhaicinn am bheil Mac Dhunleibheairidh air a bhi air ainmeachadham measg coisridh chiiiil Tir nanTreun. Is cha 'n eil teagamh aganinach i a' bhreith a bheirear a niaclileo, gn'u robh spiorad na bardachdda-rireadh aige. 'N uair a bhaduaisean air an toirt leis a' chomunnGhaidhealach air son bardachd,blniidhinn e a' cheud duais air an dabhliadhna anns an robh iad air antoirt seachad. Cha 'n eil da bharailnach bu duine ro ghleasda e, achcosmhail ri moran eile aig am bheilgibhtean nior, bha cuid de neonachasann a sheas eadar e agus a leithid deshoirbheachadh saoghalta a bhi aigea's a thoill a bhuadhan. Ammeasg nan nithean so, bha, angnathas a bh'aige, amharc air aontaobh a mhàin de cheisd, agus dubhfhuath a thoirt do gach neach nachcordadh ris anus gach puuig ; an f hiorghrain a thug e do Shasunn a's gachni a bhuineadh da, agus a bhi ancomhnuidh a' saoilsiun gu'n robhaobhar olc aig muinntir 's an amharca dheanadh ni air bith as leth nanGaidheal mar biodh sin air a dheauamh'n a dhoigh agus 'n a rathad san.Ach air a shou so uile, bha buadhanagus gibhtean aige 'bha anabarrach.Eadh(ju a thaobh 'fhuath do naSasunnaich, bheireadh na Sasunnaichfein maitheanas dha air taillenan nithe tapuidh a theireadh eaig am mu'n chuis. Tha cuimhneagam uair a bha e feiu agus neachàraid ann an argamaid mu'n chuisso. Clia'u aidiclieadh Uilleam gu'nrobh fior Shasunnach rianili 'n adhuine aig an robh buadhan inntinua b' fhiach, oir aon air bith aa bhitheadh air ainmeachadli dheanadhUilleam a mach gu'n robh fiiilAlbannach 'n a chuislean, air neo bhani eigin aige ri 'radh a dhearbhadhnach bu Shasunnach a bh' ann darireadh.Bha fios aig an neach abha deasboireachd ris a' Bhardgu'n robh meas aige air Iain Bunyanmar dhuine d' am b' aii'idhurram a thoirt airson a thàlantan." Nach aidich sibh" deir e " gu'nrobh Bumjan 'n afliior ughdar fogliaiiiteach,a's nach bu Shasunnach egu cnaimh an droma?" Ach f huairam bard a' bhuaidli le bhi 'tionndadh
Treas Mios an Earraich, 1873 AN GAIDHEAL. 43gaire na cuideaclid an aghaidh anneach a bha ag argamaideachadh ris,leis an fhreagairt, " Och, bha, esau,an ceard."'Nuair a dh' ambairceas sinn airan dicbioU a vinn e gu bbi 'trnsadheolais, cba 'u f heud siim gun chliù aa thoirt dba. Db' oibricb e a ratbadair feadb roinn mhor de db-Albainnagus cuid de cbeann tuatb Sbasniun,a cbnm a's gu'm faiceadb e air a sbonfein na b-àiteaii amis an robb blàircbogaldb a dbntbcba.<strong>An</strong> deigb dba He f bagail, tbuiuicbe tamnl an Duiibreaton, an SrathLiobhann, an Arocbar, 's a suasfeadb Siorramacbd Pbeairt. <strong>An</strong>n anSratb Eirionn, am Peairt, fbuair ea' bbean aige, a's gu dearbb cbabbiodh e furasda dba 'fbaigbinn aon abu fbreagarraicbe air, a's a b' f bearr atbnigeadb nadnr agus seol a' Bbaird.Bba iad 'ii an cuideacbadb iomcbuidhd a cbeile gu criocb an ttiruis, oircbaocbail ise roimbe fein. 'S aim 's a'bbbadhna 1 8 70,aim am Mios deireannacban t-Sambruidb a tliainig ambàs air a' Bbard. Cba robb e idirann an tinneas, acb dli' f balbb e gufior atb-gboirid. Cbeannaicli cuid deGbaidbeU Gblascbu aite tiodhlacaidbdba anus a' cbladb bboidheacb risail- an gearradh ann an Gaidblig 'saun am Beui'la. <strong>An</strong>n an siod tba ambard 'n a cbadal, a's cba cbuir sUioigbtSbasunnacb, no aintigbearnas lucbdfuadacb nan Gaidbeal braaillean air.Slan leis. Gu'n robb a leabaidbsocracb agus a cbadal foistinueach.Bba iomadb neonacbas aige tbubbairtmi.Is ann am measg nan nitbeso dli' fbaodainn ainmeacbadb andoigb anus an do Htiricb e 'ainm.Cba 'n e Mac-Dhunleibbe acb Macan Leigbe, an t-ainni a tba 'cbuidmhor d'a chinneadli ag radb riu fein.Acb sgriobb Uilleam e do ghnath" Mac-Dhunleibbe," a's bha e 's a'bharail gu'n robb an t-ainm air athoirt o Dbun araid a tba 's a'Ghaidbealtachd. Acb biodh sin martbogras, tba mi 's a' bharaD, nachnaraicb bardachdUilleim cliu an ainme,acb gur ann a dh' ardaicheas i an t-ainin Mac-Dhunleibbe—ainm a tbacheana air adbeanambcho cliuiteachtrid euchdan a' Ghaidbeil smearailsin, an t-Olamh Mac-Dbuu-leibhe,fear-rannsachaidh fàsaichean Africa.R. I.AN GAIDHEAL DILEAS.Bba na Gaidbeil riamb cliuiteachair son am fior-dbilLseacbd agus andiàn-tbairisneachd. Cha'n e mhuingu'n robb iad mar sin anns gacbcogadh agus catb fuilteacb, anns ando gbabb iad combroinii anns gacbcearn de'n t-saoghal, acb mar ancèudna, anns gacb dreucbd eile far ando tbilg am freasdal an cranncbur.Cbitbear so o'n sgèul gboirid a leanas.cbeann beagan bbliadbnaicbeanair ais tbàinig Sasunnach mor, uasal,beairteacb, a db-ionnsuidh gbarbbcbriocbna b-Alba aig toiseach anfbogbaraidh chum na seilge. Bba oan abrar '"'Janefield^" macb aig ceannna b-airde 'n ear de'n bbaile. Cbuir uidbeamaichte aii- gacb seol le 'cbuidiad suas mar an ceudiia carragb gillean, con, agus gunnaicbean, chumcuimbiieacbain siiasmbor aig 'uaigb, na feidb, na gearran, agus na cearcanfraoicha smaladb sios 'n an ceudaibbair am bbeil ainm agus cliii a' bbairdair na beanntaibb agus aii- na gàrbbraointibb.Cba deacbaidb e macbair feadb nan garbblaicbean acbanduiin re aoin seacbduin, an uairatbugna gillean tais, neo-cbruadalacb,Sasunnach aige thairis gu tur; agusla de na làithibb dbiùlt iad as anaghaidh dol maille ris do'n bbèinnsbèilge.Ghearain iad gu goirt gu'ndo tbreig an casan iad, agus nachb'urrainn doibh cur suas ni' b' fbaideleis an allaban agus an treachladh adh'fhuiling iad re na seachduinn.
44 AN GAIDHEAL Treas Hios au E
!!!Treas Mios an Earraich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 45gu'm b' e iarrtas a chridhe na ci-ocliaireana chur dachaidh le Ian anseiche de chnàmhaibh briste, do bhrighgu'n tugadh sin orra nach tigeadli iadle cabliaig air an ais a ris. Chuidich.Domlmull a mhaighstir dhachaidh,agus blia fèum aig' air, oir bha e robliriiite, agus fann le call na fola. a' gheal ach, agus ua reultau a' co'-churCliaidh e a'm feablias an ceann aoibhneas, souas, agns toil-innthmriseachduin na dha, chuir e fios air a chreutairean reusonta fein uile.Domhnull Ruadh Mac Mliuiricli, agus Agus is ciunteach gu'm bheil amdh'innis e dha, gu'n robh a thuarasdal freasdal sin, a tha 'deanamh nithegu bhi air a dhùbladh o'n la air an cho miorbhuileach air ar son-ue a'deauamhdo chuir e cas air tir an Sasunn.solair mar au ceudna air sonSaiATHANACH, nan reult, eile oir tha freasdal lehobhaidhOS cioun 'oibre feiu gii leu-AIR CRUINN-MHEALLAIBHSOILLSEACH NAN SPEUE.EARRANX VI.Fèumar aideachadh leis na h-uile,gii'ai blieil a'chruitheachd g'u miorbhuileachair adealbliadh, ach nachmorni's miorbhuiliche na so, cumhachdau Ti " A riim na neàniha le 'f hocal,agus le anail a bheoil na sloigh uile.(Salia xxxiii. 6.) Ciod e cumhachdcriochuuichte au duiue? Ciod ecumhachd nan aingeal a's àirde annau g'loir, agus nan creutair a's urramaichea ta idir aun, au coimeas ricumhachd ueo-chriochnuichte lehobhaidh?Cha'n 'cil ach ueoui agusdiomhanasaniis gach obair a's urraianna daoine a's innleachdaiche a dheauainh! Cha chonias doibh a' chlacha's lugha 'dhealbhadh, no tou-t air a'bhileig- fhèoir a's suai-aiche fas as antalamh ! Cia mor ni's lugha na sin mata, tha cumhachd aca os ceanu reultasoillseach neimlie, no os ceanu nancuairt auns am bheil iad gu ciùin a'siubhal ann an gorm-astar nan speurCha'n 'eil ach beagau eòlais againnair na reultaibh a ta muUleana demhiltibh air falbh uainu, ach tha sinule taiugealachd, a' toirt fainear gachni a sholair Dia air an rèult an- ambheil siune a' gluasad chum maith auduine, agus gach creutair beò eileKinu esan an talamh 'n a aite-comhjiuidliiomchuidh air ar son. Tha e'toirt air gach por, meas agus luibhfas as an talamh, agus toradh feumaildo'n duine a thoirt uatha. Tridòrduigh ariaghlaidh-saujtha a'ghrian,Chimuaic siun nach 'eil an talamhagainn ach 'n a bhall beag, cruinn,cuairteagach au coimeas ri cuid eilede ua reultaibh. Nach suarach e ancoimeas ri lupitei", a tha mile uairuiread ris; agus nach beag e aucoimeas ri Saturn agus Uranus, airan toir siini a nis cuuntasTha Saturn dlùth air mile uair ni'smo n'an talamh so agus tha i naoidèug agus tri fichead mile de mhiltibhtroimpe. Tha 'n reult àluinn so a'tionndadh air a mul fein ann an deichuaireau gu leth. Tha i seachd ceudagus ceithir fichead muillean demhllltibh o'n ghrein, agus a' gabhailmu dheich thar fhichead de nabliadhnaibh agaiun-ne chum aon chuairta chur oirre. Tha'n reult socomharraichte thar gach reult eile, leda fhàinne shòiUseach, a tha taobhri taobh 'g a cuairteachadh, agus leballaibh dorch air a h-aghaidh, air antaobh a stigh de na fainnibh sin, achithear gu soilleir leis na gloineachaibh-amhairca's fearr. Tha seachdgealaichean aig an reult so, a tha 'g acuairteachah, agus a' toirt soluis di,ceart mar a tha an aon gliealach aigan talamh, a' toirt soluis da. Thanaseachd gealaichean so, co math ris uaceithir gealaichean aig lupiter, auabarrachfeumail do'n mharaiche, agustha am buannachdau eugsamhla, air
Chithear46 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Earraich, 1878.an aobhar sin, air an toirt gu cùramachfainear leò-san a tha 'deanamh duine aineolach agusTha fios againnsuas leabhraiclieanairsonsgoil mhara. na nithe so uileAch ged is uamliasach an t-astar a reultaibh ; ach feudaidhta'n rèult so air falbh, cha'n 'eil i co ghabhail air amfad' as ri Uranus, an rèult a's faide o aon a' cheile,air falbli o'n g-hi-ein a f huaradh fathasda mach. Theirear Ilerschel ris uard, na loch uisgeleanas. Faigheadhan rèiilt so, agus mar an ceudna tri mile gach rathad.Rionnag Dheorsa, do bhrigh gur e peileir mor, a bhiosan teallsanach Ilerschel a flniair a mu'n cuairt annniach i, ri linn Righ Deorsa a tri, ann chomhnaird sin,am mios a' Mhairt 1781. Tha i cuig A ris, gabhadhmile deug thar fhicliead de mhlltibh slat ann am fad,tromipe, agus ceithir fichead uair ni's cuairt mu'n })heileirmo n'an talamh. Tha i ochd ceud e air sou naGreine;deug muillean de mhiltibh o'n ghrein, de shiol mustairdagus a' gabhail ceithir de na bliadhnaibhagainu-ne chiim aon chuairt a adh e sreang eileagus nochdaidli sinchur air a' ghrein. Ged is mor an fichead slat annreult so, is ana-ininic a chithear i leis cuairt air an doighan t-suil luim, air di a bhi co fad air cuireadh e grainnefalbh ! Tha sea gealaichean aig an nochdaidli sinreult so chumdorchadas a h-oidhchean e cuaii-t eile le sreangfhògradh air falbh ! beag, slat, agiis le grainnesoilleir, agus dealrach i gun fhàinne, air sin, nochdaidhno crios, no ball dorch' air bith, mar Cuireadh e grainnea chithear aig Saturn. Agus tha e luaidhe aii* cuairtiongantach gu'm bheil gealaichean na slat o'n pheileir mhor,reilte so a' gluasad 'n an cearcallaibh sin Mars. Acalg-dhireach an aghaidh shlighean ubhal cuimseachgach reilte agus gealaich eile. Thug air astar o'n pheileiisinncunntas goirid, a nis, air a' ghrein, na greine, agus nochdaidhagus air gach rèilt a tha 'ga cuairteachadh;agus ged a dh' iimis sin an lugha, air cuairtCuireadh e ubhalastar ann am miltibh, cha'n urrainn slat o'n pheileii"ar n-inntinnean mèud an astair sin a daidh sin Saturn.ghabhail a stigh ! Tha maise nan eadh, deanadh ereult a' nochdadh gloire Dhè,—tha o'n pheileir mhor,am mend agus an gluasad a' nochdadh peileir muscaid oirre,cumhachd Dhe,—agus tha an riaghailtagus an eagnuidheachd leis am a ghabhail leis nasill Uranus. Marbheil iad a' siubhal co Inath ann an aich' air mèiid agusspeuraibh nèimhe, a' nochdadh gliocais agus air an doighDhe "! Is esan a rinn na neamhan gluasad aims nale gliocas; a' ghrian a' riaghladh an astar nan reultla; a' ghealach agus na reultan a' o'n ghrein do -thuigsinnriaghladh na' h-oidhche ! Innsidh e Ghabhadh peileiiàireamhnan rionnag; bheir e ainmean cheud bliadhnaorra uile" (Sahn cxxxvi. 8 ; cxlvii. 4). mu'n ruigeadlimeùdairairsreangcuireadhdeichamBhenus.deaonris,airceithiicheudna,cuaii'tdaoinibhairspeuraibh!a'sgunna-moir'nenachneo-fhoghluimtethuigsinnagusanachadhairseachdamsonagusmhòraii- aMercuri.fad,cheudna,peasrachseachdpeasrachsinfhrasfhicheadagussuidhicheadhcuairta ta'eile,Agusagusagusso feudarastaramfaideao'nsoirbhmue beachdan astardoigh socomh-reothadh,Cuireadhtroidheanmeadhonna Grèine.leth ceuddeanadha shuidhiche grainnechuairtGabh-agus ceithirdeanadhagusair, agusDeanadhficheadan Talamh.mheanbhdeugnochdaidhleth-mhileciallachadhsin lupiter.beagancheud deugagus noch-mu dheir-mile gucuireadhnochdaidlibeachda's aineol-nan reult,bheil iadAchaii- falbhdhuinne.ceithirdheann-ruithglu'èinlenaaaea*esin,eeileeni'slethea'thaguaeae
—Treas llois an Earraich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 47Uranus; gidheaclh cha'n'eil na tliaair an taobli a stigli do chuairtUranuis, an coimeas ri farsuingeachdna cruitlieachd, ach mar bhraon beagiiisg'e, an coimeas ri uile chuantaibhan domliain; agus tha a chruitlieachdso iiile air a lionadli le làthaireachdan Ti sin a dbealbh gach ni air tùsà neoni. Ts esan an Ti àrd agusnasal do'n àite-còmlinuidh siorruidheachd"—anTi sin "a gliabbas comhnuidlimaille ris-san fòs a ta leontaagus iriosal 'n a spiorad" (Isaiah, Ivii.15). "A rioghachda na talmliainn,seinnibh do DLia, seinnibh moladhdo'n Tighearna: dha-san a tha mai'-cachd air neamhaibh nan neamh ochian" (Salm Ixviii. 33).<strong>An</strong>ns an ath Earrann cuii*earnithe eile an cèill mu na reultaibh.nithe ail- nach tugadh fathast iomradh.Sgiathanach.fEi leaiituinii.)CIOD A DH' lOCAS MI ?Air son ro mheiid nan gràsan saor''Tha teachd gach h'l as iirlàmhan Chriosd, t' Fhear-saoraidh caomh,Ciod, anam, 'dh' iocas tu ?Mo thruaigh', o chri mar th'agam fuinCiod 'dh'eireas 'bheir dha cliù ?Mo nithe 's feàrr tha salach, breun,'S mo chuids' gii leir cha 'n f hiù.Gidheadh, so iocaidh mise dhaAir son a ghràsan fial'Db'i-ghlacam cupan naomh na slàint',Is gairmeam air mo Dhia.Se 'n t-iocadh 's feàrr o neach mar tàims',Cho gràineil is cho truagh,Do bhrigh mòr f hialaidheachd a ghràisBhi ghnàth ag iarraidh uaith.<strong>An</strong> imihlachd chubhaidh thoirt cha tàir'S is aobhar cràidh mo bheua ;Gidheadh, 's e m' uaill gu leir is m' àdh,Gu bràth bhi 'n comaiu Dhe.Eadar-theangaichte le A. C.MAR A FHUAEADH A MACHAMERICA.I.Cha robh eolas sam bith aig sluaghna Roinn-Eori^a mu America gu dluau- coig ceud bliadhna an deigh amar Slanuighir, ged a chaidh an tirmhor sin 'aiteachadh bho Asia-an-eariomad linn roimhe sin. Tha cuid ambarail gu 'n robh eolas aig na Lochlammichair America-mu-thuath bhochionn ochd ceud bliadhna, ach cha'n 'eil a' bharail sin dearbhta nocoltach.B' e Eadailteach d' am b' ainmCristopher Columbus a' cheud duinea thug do'n t-saoghal fios mu America.Rugadh Columbus ambaile-puirt morGenoa an taobh tuath na h-Eadailtanns a' bhliadhna 1435. Bha e 'n amharaiche seolta, dan, leanailteach arinu iomad cuan-thuras mu 'n dosmuainich e air an oidhirp dhan 's and' fhuaii" e a mach an Saoghal Ur,<strong>An</strong>ns a' bhliadhna 1470 bha e ann ancath eadar luingis a bhuineadh doGenoa agus ceithii- luingis o bhailemor Venice a bha 'seoladh dhachaidh àFhlanras, faisg aii" Rugha Vincentam Portugal. Chaidh an long 's anrobh Columbus ri theine agus leumesan 's a' chuan. Shnamh e gu tiragus rainig e Lisbon, ard bhaile Phortugalfar an d' fhuirich e ceithirbliadhna deug. Chuir e an sin eolasair iomad maraiche sgileil a dh' innisda iomad ni a thug ah- breithneachadhgu 'n robh tii- 's an iar taobh thall a'chuain nach robh ro fhada as.Fhuaradh ramh Innseineach air aghràbhadhgu suasmhor, mu thri cheuddeug mile an iar bho Phortugal;chaidh slatan fada cuilc a thilgeil airtir am Madeira a's craobhan moragiubhais air eileanan Asores; agusf huai-adh da chorp bàithte, eucoltachri sluagh an t-seann saoghail air eileanbeag Flores. Thainig iad sin uile fo'n iar. Bha fios aig daoine 's an amud gu 'm bu chi'uiiuie an saoghal ach
,48 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Earraich, 1873.bha iad am l)arail nacli robli e marinlioran clio farsuinn 's a tha e, agusbha luclid-aitliris ag ianseadh gii'n robb Asia a' riiigsinn ni 's fhaidesios na 'tha e. Uime sin bha Columbusam barail gu 'n gabhadh taobhau eai" Asia riiigheachd le dol suasthar a' cliuain blio 'n Eoinn-Eorpaagus mar sin gu 'm faiglieadh e 'maclisliglie gliearr gu India agus na b-Innsean mora 's an ear mu 'n cuairtdi, far an robh or a's spiosradh. Achgbabliadh an oidliirp moran airgidoir dh' fheumadh e hiingis agus daoineg' an reir, nach robli doigh aige air'fhaotaiim gun cliomlmadh dhaoineinbheacb.Db' iarr e iad sin an toiseacli bborigb Pbortugal, acb dhiultadh 'iaiTtus.Bba e 'nis 'n a bbaiitraicb le mac ogris an abrar Diego, no Seumas. Dh'fhag e Portugal le 'mhac air lamb aigeagus chaidh e do 'n Spainnt, a' cumailan taic a' chuain. <strong>An</strong> uair a bha edluth air Palos, baile puirt an taobhdeas na rioghachd so dh' iarr e deii-cair Iain Peres, sagart fiosrach a ghal)hris air ball, oiv, bha e 'n a dhuineurramach, le gnu is uasal, aoidheil.<strong>An</strong> ath-bhliadhna chaidh e do 'nEadailt agus dh' fhoillsich e a run dodhaoine mora Genoa agus Venice,ach chuir iad cul ris. Thill e an sindo 'n Spainnt far an robh Righ Ferdinandagus Ban-righ Iseabal a'riaghladh. Thug a charaid, Pereslitir dha gu sagart na ban-righ, agusf huair e beagan airgid Ijho mharaiclieainmeil ris an abi-ar Martin Pinson;ach cha do gliabh an sagart so suimdheth, agus blia an righ 's an am sinbann no gealladh. Thuirt cuid gu'm b' fhaoLn do neach an* bith a bhi'smaoiuteach gu 'm bu ghlioca esanna an cinne-daonna gu leLr, agus cuideHe nach robh 's a' chuis ach boilich.Bheireadh Columbus thairis anghothuch mur biodh e cinnteach gu'n robh e ceart 'n a bharail. Osbarr,bha e 'n a dhuine crabhaidh a reireolais. Bha fios aige a reir na faisneachdgu 'm faigheadh Criosd " nacinnich mar oighreachd, agus criochanna talmhainn mar sheilbh," agus bhae an dull gu 'm biodh e-fhein 'n amheadhon air an t-soisgeul a sgaoileadham measg nan criochan sin.Mu dheireadh an deigh do sheachdbliadhna dol thah-is thug na daoineaig an robh a' chuis an laimh, .breith'n a aghaidh. Uime sin, thill e guPalos a thoirt air falbh a mhic agusa' runachadh dol gu Tearlach VIII.Righ na Frainge, ach bha Peres agusPinson an aghaidh sin. Thuirt Pinsongu 'n uidheamaicheadh e-fheinlong; agus sgriobh Peres lith- do 'nbhan-righ fhein air an robh e eolach.Is e 'thainig as a sin gu 'n deachaidhbann a dheanamh ri Columbus a' toirtdha tigheai-nas thar gach tire agheobhadh e 'mach. Bha e cho dianmu 'bheachd gu 'n ruigeadh e Asia 'sgu 'n d' fhuair e litir bho 'n righ agus a'bhan-righ gu Ard-righ nan Tartarach.Air an treas latha de cheud mhiosan fhogharaidh anns a' bhliadhna1492, sheol Columbus bho Phalos aira thuras gabhaidh le tri luingis, anSanta ]\!aria, longmhor fo'chomanndafhein; am Fhita, long bheag foMhartin Pinson; agus an A^ina longa' cogadh ri Muraich Grhranada, air bheag eile fo Vincent Pinson, brathairtaobh deas na Spainnt. Gidheadh, Mhartin. Air an t-seathamh lathatliug an righ an gnothuch an laimh d' an ath mhios sheol iad a mach bhodo dhaoine iiosnich a l)lia gus a' chuis eileinibh Chanarij air a' chuan mlior,a rannsacliadh agus chaidh Cohuiibus"Far nach d' eirich breid ri crannmaille ri feachd an righ a chogadhA's nach do reub sroin dharaich tonu."ris na Muraich.Chaidh bliadhna a's bliadhna <strong>An</strong> uair a chaill iad sealladh airseachad, agus cha d' fhuair Columbus tir agus a thainig an oidhche ghabh
freas iìios an Earraich, 1S73.AN GAIDHEAL. 40iad eagal, agus ghuil iacl ag radh, naclitilleadh iad a chàoidli, acli chiuiuicliColumbus iad agus thug e misneaclidhoibh le aitliris mu na dutlichaibhbeairteacli a ruigeadh iad. Mar abha e 'dol air agliàrt clieil e bho 'ut-sluagli ail t-astar a bha iad a'seoladh.Bha sea fichead pearsa gu leir 's a'cliuideachd. Thug iad an aire gii 'nroljh a' ghaoth bho 'n ear latha andèigh latha agus uime sin bha iad foeagal nach biodh e 'n an comas tighiiinair an ais ; ach air an fhicheadamhlatha sheid a' ghaoth bho 'n iar-dheas.Tri laithean an deigh sin dh' eirichstoirm agus thuirt an sluagli nach buchoir do 'n chomanudaii- dol an aghaidhan Fhreasdail n' a b' fhaide.Tlioi'sich iad a nis air eoin 'fhaiciuna' leuin bho 'n iar 's a' mhaduinn agusa' pilltinn mu anmoch. Cha robh ancuan oho saillte 's a bha e agus chunnaigiad feamainn a' snamh mu 'ncuairt. Uair a's uair shaoil leotliagu 'n do rainig iad tir. 0-n a bha iadair am mealladh chaill iad an dochasagus bha cuid a' comhaii-leachadh anceannard a thilgeadh 's a' mhuir agustilleadh dhachaidh. Bha esan an laumhisnich agus chum e aii- aghai-ta' seoladh siar a's iar gu deasmar a bha na h-eoin a' leum airan ais.Air a' cheud latha deug de mhiosdeii'eannach an Fliogharaidh an deigha bhi deich seachduinean air a' chuantliog iad as an t-saile mil- fiodha aii- aghrabhadh gu snasmhor agus geugsgithich le dearcaibh oin-e. BhaColumbus, uune sin, cinnteach gu 'nrobh iad a nis dlu air tii-. <strong>An</strong> deighna h-urnaigh fheasgair dh' orduiche faii-e dhubailt agus gheall e cleocasioda do 'n cheud duine a chitheadhtir, a bharr air da fhichead dolar agheall a' Bhan-righ. <strong>An</strong> oidhche sin,mu dheich uairean chunnaig e solus,agus aig da uair's a' mhaduinn chualasgunna mor bho 'n Pliinta, comharatire. B'e maraiche d' am b' aiumRuairidh Triana a' cheud duine achunnaig an Saoghal Ur.<strong>An</strong>ns a' mhaduinn chunnaig iadeilean coillteach mu shea mile air astaragus sluagh a' ruith mu 'n traigh. B'e Columbus fhein a' cheud duine achaidh aii- tir. Chaidh iad uile airan gluinean air an traigh agus thugiad buidheachas do Dhia. <strong>An</strong> sinsgaoil an ceannard bratach mhorChastile, rioghachd Iseabail, oir b' isea dhiol an costas, agus ghabli e seilbh's an tir as a leth-se. Bha na h-Innseinicha'coimhead orra le h-ioghnadhagus shaoil leotha gu 'm bu diathaniad a thainig a nuas bho neamh.Fhuaii- iad uapa snath cotain a'sseorsa arain a.gus thug iad doibh ammalairt ailleagain a's rudan laoghach.Thug Columbus " San Salvador" maraium ail- an eilean ach 's e theireadhluchd na tire i-is"Guanahaui" no Eileana' chait, aon do Innseadh Bahama atha air an ear dhcas bho Florida agusgu tuath ail- Jamaica 's na h-Innsibhshuas.P. Mac-Griogair.OISEA^^ AGUS AX CLEIREACH.Oisean.A cleirich a chanfas na sailm,Air learn fèiii giir borb do cliiall,Xach cisd tbu tamiill i-i sgeulAir an Fheinn nach fliac thii riamh?Cleireach.Air mo cliiiblias-sa,(a) Mhic Fhinn,Ge bimi leat bhi teachd air t' Fheinn,Fuaim nan salni air feaclli mo bheòilGur h-e sud 'bu cheòl domh fein.Nam biodh tu coimlieadadh(i) do shalmEi Fiannaclid Eiriiin nan arm nochd,(c)A chK-irich gur Ian olc leamNach sgaranin do cheaun Te{d) cV chorp.CI(!ireach.Sinn fo d' chomraich-sa,(e) fhir mhuir,Laoidh do bheòil gur j)inn leam fèin ;Togamaid suas altair Fhinn,Bu bhinn leam bhi teachd air t' Fheinn.(a) Word, Jliss Brooke's copy has "mo cluibliais,"my conscience, (ft) Comparing, (c) Xaked.(rf)From. (
;;oO AN GAIDHEAL. Trcas Mios an Earraich, 1873.Nam l)i(lheann(rf) tu, cliloirich chaoimh,Air an tràigh 'tha .siar fa dheas,Aig Eas Lilihridh(/^) nan sruth sèimli,Air an Fheinn bu mhòr do mheas.Beanneaclid air anam an laoich,Bu ghairbhe fraoch(c) amis gach greis,(
;!treas Mios an Èarraich, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 51larla Mhimiham(a) 's mòr a ghlonii,(/;)So thi;irt Diarmad clonn giin on,(r)Coisgidh mise sud d' ur Feinn,No tiiiteam fein air a shon.Thachair Mac Cumhail nan cuachAgus Mànus nan ruag(o) àidh,Ri 'cheil' ami an tiugh thuiteani an t-sluaigh,Chleirich, nacli bu chruaidh an càs !Gur h-e ghabh mi fein fos làimli,Ged tlia mi gun chàil(f/) an nochd,Righ Theiirmaiim nan cùmhrag teann,'S gu'n sgarainn a cheann re(e) 'choriD.Beiribh beannachd 's buinibh buaidh,Thuirt Mac Ciimhail nan gruaidh dearg,Mànus Mac Gharaidh nan slògh,Diongaidh mise ge mòr 'f hearg.'N oidhche sin dninne gu lò,B' ainmig leinn a bhi giin cheòl,Fleadh gu farsaing, f ion is ceir,'S e 'bhi(/) aig an Fheinn 'g a ùl.Chunncas, mu 'n do scar an lò,A' galihail dòigh. amis a' phort{y)Meirg(//) Righ Lochlainn an àidh'G a togail o 'n tràidh 'n an uchd.Chuir sinn Deo ghrèine(«) ri crann,Bratach Fhinn bu gharg a treis,Lom-làn do chlochaibh òir,Againne bu mhùr a meas.lomad claidbeamh dòm-chrann òir,lomad sròì[j) 'g a chur ri crann,'N cath Mhic Cumhail, Fionn nam fleadh,'S bu lionmhor sleagh os ar ceann.lomad cotan, iomad triacli,(X-)lomad sgiath is lidreach gharbh,(/)lomad tòiseacli(?rt) is mac righ,'S cha robh fear riamh dhiubh gun arm.Iomad clogad maiseach cruaidh,lomad tuath is iomad gath,'N cath Eigh Lochlainn nam pios,(/0Bu lionmhor mac righ is flath.E,inneadar an iimuigh chruaidh,'vS bhriseadar air buaidh nan GallChrom sinn ar ceann anns a' chath.Is rinn gach flath mar a gheall.(a) Munster. (h) Exploit, prowess, (c) The M. S."gun ghiiin." Gillies' copy has, "nan con,"isbut it gives "gun on" (without stain or reproach)in a foot-note. AVe have adopted "gun on"which is most probably the correct reading, (ct)Strength, vigour, (c) From. (/) The Irish past{(/) The M.S. is " ghuirt," l)ut we haveindicative.adopted ' 'port" from Miss Brooke's copy, (h) Standard,banner, (i) Sun-beam, (j) Banner. (A-) Thesame as "triath." (I) Miss Brooke's copy has'dhearg." (jh) The M.S. is "diaoisich." Wehaveadopted "tòi.seach" from the copies <strong>of</strong> Gillies and]Miss Biooke. (n) A silver cup.Gu 'm b' e sud an tuirleum(?)) teann,Mar dheanii{7) a bheireadh da òrdCath fuileach an da righ,Gu 'm bu ghuineach brigh(>-) an colgAir briseadh do sgeith an deirg,Air eirigh dhoibh fearg is fraoch,Thilg iad am buill air(.s) an lar,'S thug iad spàim, an da laoch.Cath fuileach an da righ,'S ann leinne 'bu chian(
!!AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Earraich, 1378.FAILTE THEAllLAIOH.A suas, a suas, a shiol nam beann,Lc gaisgich thrèubhach air bhiir ceaiin,Le lannaibli geur, liioilh suas n' ur tleann,A ghleachd gii teann le TearlachFailte 'Thearlaich thar nan tomi!'S leat fein ar cridh' ar lamb 's ar foiui.Failte, 'ris, gn tir nan sonn!1 Failte 's buaidh le TearlachFeadh bheamitaibh arda tir nam buadh,Am faight' aou gbealtair' diblidh, truagh,Fo' bhratach ard, nach tar gii liiatli,Gu bas no buaidh le Tearlach!Failte 'Thearlaich, &c.Tha clannnan Gaidh'l ammeasg nan slialjh,Ri aodami bais nach d' lasaich riamh;Ni cridh' gach armuinn leum 'n a chliabh,A' teachd, 'n uair chi iad Tearlach.Failte 'Thearlaich, &c.WELCOME, CHARLIE.Arouse, arouse, each kilted clan;Let Highland hearts lead on the van;<strong>An</strong>d forward wi' your dirks in han',Tae fecht for Royal Charlie!Welcome, Charlie, o'er the mainOur Highland hills are a' your ain.Welcome to our isle again!O welcome, Royal Charlie!Amang the wilds o' Caledon,Breathes there a base degenerate son,Wha wadna tae his standard run,<strong>An</strong>d rally round Prince Charlie.Welcome, Charlie, &c.Auld Scotia's sons 'mang heather hills.Can nobly brave the face <strong>of</strong> ills.While kindred tire ilk bosom tills.At sight <strong>of</strong> Royal Charlie.Welcome, Charlie, &c.Biodh cuach ga traghadh, 's deoch ga h-ol;Le nuallan ard biodh piob ri ceol,'8 an duisg na cnuic, 's an cluinn na ncoilAr beoil a' luaidli air Tearlaich!Failte 'Thearlaich, &c.Ead. le Mac'-Muarcuis.SEUN AIE SON DEANAMH<strong>An</strong>ns an am 's an robh RigliSeuaias VI. ag ionusachadh nan ealaidheauaun an Cillribhinn fo oileineachadhDlieorsa Boclianain blia gachard flioghhnn agus eolas air ancunntas mar ghisi'eagan agiis mardhruidlieaclid, no mar bu bhitlieantaleo a radh ris, " Aii Sgoileii-eachdDhubh," agus uime sin bha DeorsaBochanan le 'mhor eolas air a nxheas'n a bliuidsich.Bha boirionnach bochd a' cumailtigh-leanna ann an Cillribhinn nachrobh idir a' dcanandi gu m.ith annsa' ghnothuch, agus chaidh i gu DeorsaBochanan chum gu 'n cuidhicheadhe i le 'dhruidheachil. <strong>An</strong> deiglicondn-adh durachdach a bhi aca ri'cheile tliuirt Dcoi'sa rithe na 'nleanadh i gu curamach ris an t-seoladha bheireadh esan di gu 'm biodhi ann an nine ghearr beairteach.Gheall i gu 'n deanadh i sin. "APheigi" ars' an driiidh ionnsaichte,Then let the flowing qtiaidi go round,<strong>An</strong>d louflly let the pibroch sound.Till every hill and I'ock resoundThe name <strong>of</strong> Royal Charlie!Welcome, Charlie, &c.LEANNA." gach am a theid thu a dheanamhleanna tilg a mach as an tuba sealain ladair do dh-uisge, aig a' cheartam a' tionndadh m' an cuairt ri d'<strong>An</strong>laimh chli eadar gach Ian ladair.uaii" a ni thu sin cuiv sea lain ladaiidobhraich mhath anns an tuba aiga' cheart am a' tionndadh ri d' laimhdheis eadar gach Ian ladair. Athuilleadh air a sin bi cinnteachgu 'n caith thu an ceanglachan beagso gun 'fhuasgladh gun 'fhosgladhmhuineal gu latha do bhais."mu d'Rinn Peigi gach ni mar a dh' aithne dhi, agus ann an ceann bheaganbhliadhnaicheau chruinnich i morbheairteas. <strong>An</strong> uair a fhiiaii" i ambas chaidh an ciios-iuuineil a thugDeorsa dhi 'fhosgladh, agus fhuaradhan taobh a stigh dheth paijjeir air anrobh sgi'iobhta," Ma ni Peigi leann mathGheibh i dha reic mhath."Eadar. le D. B.
——Treas Mios an Earraich, 1S73. AN GAIDHEAL. 53KEYFoiE. MO CHAILIN DILEAS, DONN.n 8=4 5H;« S^^^^S^p^^sl:-:-l-:F|m:-:lilli:-:dsd:-:-l-Gu' m bu shin a chi mi,Mo chailin dileas, donn;Bean a' chuailein reidh,Air an deise dh'eireadh fonn.'S i cainnt do bheoil bu bbinn learn,<strong>An</strong> iiair bbiodh m' iuntinn trom,'S tu thogadh suas mo cbridh''N iiair a bhiodh tu bruidhimi rium.Gur muladacb a ta mi,'S mi nocbd air ùird' a' cbuain'S neo-sbunndach mo cbadal domh,'S do chaidrea,mb fada ixam;Gur trie mi oi-t a' smaointeaeb;As t-aogais tba mi truagh;A's mar a dean mi t-f baotainnCba bbi mo sbaogbal buan.Suil cborracb mar an dearcagFo rosg a db' iadhas dlu;Gruaidbean mar an caorann,Fo 'n aodann tba learn ciuin.Mar d' aitbris lad na breuganGun d' tbug mi fein duit run;'8 gur bliadbna leam gach laO'n uair a d'f bag mi tbu.Tbeireadb iad mu 'n d' f balbb mi,Gu 'm bu sbearbb leam dol a' d' cboir;Gu 'n do cbuir mi ciU riut,'S gu'n dbiult mi dbuit mo pbòg.Na cuireadh sud ort ciiram,A ruin—ua creid an sgleò;Tha t-anail leam ni's cùraidh,Na'n driicbd air bbàrr an f beoir.Tacan mu'n do sbeol sinn,Is ann a tbòisicb càcbRi innseadb do mo cbruinneig-se,Nach tillinn-se gu bràtb.Na cuireadli sud ort gruaimain,A luaidb—ma bbios mi slàn—Cba cbum dad idir uait mi,Ach saigbead cbruaidb a' bhàis,Tba mòran de lucbd aimlisg,A' seanacbas an droeb sgeoil;<strong>An</strong> cridbeacban mar ji^iuinscan,Cba cbuimbnich iad a' choir;Ach na creid an sgeula;Ma gbeibb a' cbleir oirnn coir;'S ma dh'f banas simi o 'cbeile,'S 'n eigin a bheir oirnn.Tha 'n t snaim a nise ceangailte,Gu daingean agus teann;A's their lucbd na fanaid riumNach eile mo pbrotbaid ann:Am fear aig am bbeil fortan,Tba crois aige 'n a cbeann,'8 tha mise taingeil, toilichte,Ged tha mo sporan gann.
;—"54 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas JIlos an Earraich, 1873.C S A M H L A C H D.III.AN CROMAN TINN.Bha croman gu tinii re ninefliada; agus air faii-eaclidainn dauach robli moran coltais gu'n racliadlie n' a b' fhearr, gliuidh e aii- a luliathairgu 'u racliadli i do gacli eaglaisagus tigh-aoraidli amis an dutliaicha dli' f heuchaiuu ciod a dheanadhurnaiglieaii agus eadar-gliuidhe as aleth. Fhreagair an seann chroman,—A mhic mo gliraidh, dlieanainn-segu toileaoli ni sam bith a shaoiliun acliaoimliueadli do bheatba, acli tliaeagal mor orm nacli biodli acli gleblieag buannacM aims an t-seii-bheisa tlia tliu ag iarraidh; oir, ciod anagliaidh leis an urrainn domlisafabhar sam bitli iarraidh o na diatliaibli,as letli aoin a cliaith a bheatliagu leir anil creachadh agus drocliblieart,agus nach soradh, an uair aglieobhadh e cothrom, eadhon nali-altairean feiii a spuinneadli.<strong>An</strong> Comhclnir.Tha an cosamhlachd so a' tarruingar u-aire gus a' phuing chudtliromachsin, aithreachas leabaidh-bais.Agus, a clium na h-amaideaclid a tli'ann a blii steidheachadh air bunaitcho neo-sheasmliacli a noclidadli, chaI'uig siiin leas acli a' cheist flieoraicha chuir an croman auus a' chosamlilachd:ciamar a's urrainn duil a bliiaige-san a bha re a bheatha gu leira' tabhairt oilbheum do na diathaibhle ghniomhara maslacliagus eucorach,gu 'm bi iad reith ris aig a' cheannmu dheireadh gu 'n aobhar sam bithach a chionn gu 'm bheil eagal airnach comasach dha a dhrochbheart acbur an gniomh ni 's mo." Cha ruig gold air aithreachas."Ead, le Mac-Mharcuis.TOIMHSEACHAIN.(Frearjairtean 's an ath aireamh)1. Slat an coUle Alastair,Cha 'u iubhar i "s cha dharach i;Is tha i sin is tomhais i.2. Each diibh, dubh, a' mire ris ant-sruth ;'S cha 'n eil an Albainn no'n Eiriimna lenmas air a mhuin.3. Caora dhubh, dhubh, a thilgcas ceudlomara geal's a' bhliadhua.4. Barr biorach oirre 's cha mhinidh i,Tha roinn oiire 's cha scolb i,Tha feusag oirre 's cha ghobhar i,Ton odhar oirre 's cha 'n earb i.5. Rugadh e m'an do rugadh 'athair'S shiubhail e m' an do rugadha mhathair.Freagaiet do 'n Toimhseachan itr 's anaireamh mu dheireadh. <strong>An</strong> litir, L.SOP AS GACH SEID.<strong>An</strong> ni a chi na big 's e ni na big.Is geal leis an f hitheach'isean f hein.Tha f hios aig a' chroman co uime 'n dean efead.<strong>An</strong> rud nach cluinn cluaa cha ghluaiscridhe.Gheibh foighidin furtachd is gheibh trusdarbean.Mar dean mi spain millidh mi adharc.Is ladurna 'n coileach air a dhimau f hein.'S math an latha air an dean am MadadhruadhSearmoin.<strong>An</strong> car a bhios 's an t-seana mhaide,'s duilich a thoirt as.Buachailleachd an t-sionnalch air nacearcan.Air do dhuin uasal da'm b' ainm Mac-Leoid dol a steach le 'bhiird mar buchleachduinn san am do thigh-òsda,chunnaic iad bard eile da'm b' ainmConuU 'n a shine fo 'n bhòrd air nihisg.Is coltach gu'n robh e beagan roimhe so a'tilgeadh agus air tighimi a steach do nacoin aig Mac-Leoid thoisich iad air ansgeith 'ithe. Sheall bard MhicLeoid airagus air da' aithueachadh thubhairt esan :" Tha'm bard ConuUach gu tinn,'S e air a dhruim an tigli an oil'S ge b' e phàigh air son na deochThug iad biadh do choin MhicLeoid."Cha robh ConuU cho tinn nach cual' e, agusars esan:"Thug thu masladh do MhacLeoid'S dhondisa cha bu choir a chleitliNach f haighibh a chuid chon de IonAch na dheanadh luchd oil a sgeith.Mac-Oidhche.
;=THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.GAELIC PHILOLOGY.NOTES BY THE REV. ALEX. CAMERON.(Continued ^'rom parje 329, Vol. I.)16. Cos and /oo^ (.?).Cos (foot) is frequently wiittencoss in old Gaelic, and this togethei'with the absence <strong>of</strong> aspii-ationin the final letter <strong>of</strong> cos, seems to indicatethat a consonant, probably dJ^T>:RXlL,y 1873.(cf. mess and fiss, now meas and Jios,from the roots med andyiJ), has beenassimilated to 5. Then, c in Gaelicfrequently corresponds top in Gi'eek,as may be seen by comparing Gr.hippos and each ; j)ètite, Aeol. Fhiipe,and còic (now còkj) ; hèjìta, andseachd. We may, therefore, concludethat coss, Gr. pods (for pods), Lat.pes (for peds)., and W. ped or peddhave been derived from a commonroot, probably pad. Cf. Sansk. pad(to go), ^jfw^ (foot), jiada (foot), towhich Bopp refers Gr. poits, podospes, pedis; also Gr. piedon (Glossary,p. 299).The connection between Gr. pous(pod-s), pes {ped-s), W.ped, Ger. fuss,A.S. fot, pi. fet, and Eng. foot, pi.feet., is easily traced. F and d inGreek and Latin correspond to /"andt in the Germanic languages. Cf. Gr.path', Lat. pater, A.S. faedev, Eng.father; Latin, yn'scz's, Ger. fscli., A.S./zsc, Eng.yj'ò'A; Gr. ^j«r, German,y
;56 THE GAEL. April, 1S73.We have already i-eferred (p. 216)to these words as an example <strong>of</strong> cognatesbetween which there is little orno resemlilance. We shall here jiointout the connection between them.The I'oot is pet (<strong>of</strong>. Gr. petomai, petdiiintml,2)tèì-on)=S-a.nsk. pat (to fly).Ite (feather ,=pite?) has dropped aninitialp (Bopp's Glossary, p. 226).Examples <strong>of</strong> the loss <strong>of</strong> initial p inCeltic were given at p. 215. Eitn(hivd ;=et/in) has lost not only aninitial p but also t before n, whichaccounts for long /in en (Z. G. C, p.19, and Ebel's Celtic Studies by Sullivan,p. 164). Cf. W. edn (bird),anc. ettn, plui'al etinet; also O, Lat.petmi.Feather is from A. 8. f//therz=Gev.feder. Cf. Gr. pteron (=pcteroit.)^ Aor.epesou (Dor. epeton) ; Lat. peto^ impeto(from which are derived Eng. petition,impetus, hnpetuous) ; l^ng. fin,piii (Cf.Gaelic pinne^ a pin). Cf. Bop])'sGlossary, p. 226, and Curtius' Gr.Etym., 1». 190.20. Meannina, cuinihne, farmad,dearmad, mèin^ muin (teach) j Gr.ìnènos, mimnèslco, mènis^ mantis; Lat.mens, meniini, viemor, moneo; Ger.meinen,man; A. S. menan, mynd. man;Eng. remember, memoir, mind, mean(to signify), man.These words, together with a numerouslist <strong>of</strong>cognates and derivatives,ai-e dei'ived from the root men, man.Cf. Sansk. man (to think), mnd (toremember; Bopp's Glossary, pp. 285,303), and the Gr. roots men, man(Curtius' Gr. Etym., i)p. 279, 280).Mejunnna (mind, memory; macmeanmna,fancy, imagination) was inancient Gaelic menme, gen. inenman-=men-man, ?/k'/ì being the root and manthe teruiinatiou (Z. G. C, p. 775).C'lnmhiie (remembrance; anc. cuman)^^co-man (the prefix co and the root).Cf. cuimnech (mindful; Z. G. C, p.810, and Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 127).Farmad (envy; auc. fo7'mat)=forman-t;Dearmad (neglect; anc. dermet)=^di-ar-me>i-t (Z. G. C, p. 885). Nfrequently disa])pears before t inGaelic.To this I'oot must be referred mein(mind, disposition), miiin (teach; cf.Lat. moneo); also toimtiu (cogitation)=do-fo-min-tiu, airmitiu (honoiir)=air-min-tiu, taidinet (m.eniovy)^doaith-menta,foraitinnet (memory)=/braith-menta,dovminur and domoiniur(I think), and many other wordswhich occur in ancient Gaelic manuscripts.To the same root must also be referredGr. menos (force, strength),minmeskd {\ven\ina; reduplicated form<strong>of</strong> the obsolete mndò=^memiò), menis(wrath ; Dor. mdnis), mantis (one whodivines, seer), Lat. mens,-tis (mind),niemini (I remember ; reduplicatedform), 9»-e/;io?' (mindful, from iiiemini),in 01/ CO (I remind), Ger. ineinen (tothink), man (man, the being thatthinks), A.S. menaii (to mean), mynd(mind), math (man), Eng. remember(from Fr. remenibrer; cf. Lat. remeinoro,menior), memoir (cf. Lat.memor), mind (cf. Lat. mens, mentis),mean (to signify, to have in the mindcf. Ger. meinen), man.To this root Cui-tius refers (Gr.Etym., pp. 279-280) Gr. meno (I remain),memona (I wish), mainom,ai(I rage), Lat. maneo (I stay, remain),mentio (mention), mendax (lying),and several other words.21. Feun and Eng. waggon, loain,xoay, loeigh, -wave, loag.With feun (cart, waggon; anc.fen) may be compared Ice. vagn., A.S.ivoigen and wcegn (waggon), Eng.waggon and wain. Cf. Sansk. vuhanafrom the root vah (to draw, convey),veha or vea (way), via (way), Goth.ga-WAG (to move), vigs (way), vagja(to move), 0. Ger. loag (to move),loagan (chariot). To the same rootmay be referred N. Ger. loeg (way),A.S, wegen (to bear, carry, move),
;April, 1873.THE GAEL. 57iveg (way), wcege (balance), tvceg(wave), uKUjian (to wag), Dutchlocegen (to sway up and down), Eng.loay (from A.S. weg), iceigh (fromA,S. wegaii, tvcege), wave (from A.S.loceg), loag (to move from side toside ; from A.S. loagian), and severalother words.The g <strong>of</strong> vdgii, shows that /en haslost a letter, which accounts for longè (Z. G. C, p. 19).22. Aitreahh, dithreahh, treahh,treuhli; Lat. tribus; Goth, titunrj};Ger. dorf; Eng. tribe, thorp.Aitreahh (building) = ad-treh (theprefix ad and treh - trah, to possess,inhabit). Of atreha (he inhabitsZ. G. C, p. 868) and W. athref,atref (Z. G. C, p. 897). Dithreahh(desei't; anc. dlthreh, also dithruh) =di-treh = di-trab. Cf. dithrehach —diihrubach (Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p.68). To the same root are to be referredtreahh (to plough, till theground), treuhli (tribe), Lat. trihus,Goth, thaurjy^ Ger. dorf, Eng. tribe^thori). Cf. Z. G. C, pp. 862, 897;Di Nigra's T. Glosses, p. 25 ;Stokes'Iv. Glosses, p. 68).23. Lcin and full.Although these words have no resemblanceto each other in form, theyare derived from the same root. Làii,which has lost initial ^j, is connectedwith the Lat. ple)ii(s (full ; cf. p.215), ^;/t'0 (to hll), and the Gr. 2)lèos(full). The root is ^;fe or jila (cfLiddell and Scott's Lex. and Curtius'Gr, Etym.), which may be comparedwith Sansk. 2)ilr (to fill), from jmr,pr. The liquids r and I frequentlyinterchange.Fidl is from A.S. full, which, togetherwith its cognates Ger. fiUlen(to fill), voll (full), Goth, fulls, A.S.fjllan (from which fill is derived),are akin to the Lat. plea and the Gr.2ìlèos, f in the •Germanic languagescorresponding, as previously noticed,to p in Latin and Greek,anc.With Ian (full) and lion (to fill;lin) may be compared W. Uawii(full), llanw (fulness), llenwi (t<strong>of</strong>ill).To the same root Bopp and Ciirtiusrefer Lat. 2^lebs (the common people),pojndns (people), Ger. volk ( ^ Eng.folk). Lit. 2^ulkas (multitude). Tothis root may also be referred Gael.2)ailt (abundant; cf. Sansk. |jitr
——58 THE GAEL. April, tS73.sedate (from Lat. sedatus, sedeo), withluauy others.25. Breayh and brave.Brecujh (beautiiul) is closely connectedwitli Scot, hraw, which isallied to Ger. hrav (beautiful, courageous),Fr. brave (courageous), andEng. brave, the original meaning <strong>of</strong>which was_/?/te, haiuisome.[To he continued.)GAELIC ETYMOLOGY.In the absence <strong>of</strong> other interestingsubject, we beg to <strong>of</strong>ter a Gaelicword for the consideration <strong>of</strong> Gaelicreaders. King Oscar II. <strong>of</strong> Norwayand Sweden is at present a popularsubject. No doubt his grandfatherhad been versed in Ossianic lore,when he adopted the name <strong>of</strong> thebrave Oscar, son <strong>of</strong> Ossian, in thefamily. He might not have knownthe meaning <strong>of</strong> the name, and proliablymany others will not read it aswe do, but let them give a better,being led by the antiquarian sphit,and some good may resiilt. It isknown from history that the Caledonianswere a hunting people,although their exploits <strong>of</strong> war predominatedin their songs. As a racethey loved and followed the chase;but when an enemy invaded theircountry, and only then, or in defence<strong>of</strong> the oppressed, did they ever handlea sword. Tlie earlier names wouldseem to denote waiTÌors, such as"Mor," the Great; and " Treunmor,"Tall and Mighty; and afterwardsthe royal titles would seem todenote the vocation <strong>of</strong> hunting.There is no mention <strong>of</strong> the royal lionin those days, but the deer and thel)oar are everywhere met with, andthe hound is in every family, till ithas a pi-ominent phice in every coat<strong>of</strong> arms in the best families in <strong>Scotland</strong>." Cual," <strong>of</strong>fspring <strong>of</strong> the hound,was the sou <strong>of</strong> Trenmore; "Conal,"<strong>of</strong>fspring <strong>of</strong> the hound, is the namealso <strong>of</strong> a prince. These gave theirname to the INIacdugalls and Macdonalds."Fiunn," or Fingal, the.son <strong>of</strong> Cual, is said to denote whitehair, but it must be the hair <strong>of</strong> someanimal, othermse the word is obsolete."Ossian," (Oisean) the son <strong>of</strong>Fingal, denotes, "os," a kind <strong>of</strong> deer,and the latter part <strong>of</strong> the word,'•ban," white—white deer. " Osgar,"son <strong>of</strong> Ossian, denotes " Osghaothar,"])honetic, Osgar, deerhound.The iiitroduction <strong>of</strong> Christianityprobably occasioned the introduction<strong>of</strong> the royal lion. As King Donaldis said to have been the first convertto Chi'istianity in <strong>Scotland</strong>—if notin Britain—the sennachies <strong>of</strong> thatclan carefully blotted out everyallusion to former barbarism, whichmakes it very difficult for the antiquarianto get over the stumblingblockswhich meet him every^vhere;but in spite <strong>of</strong> all their obliterationsthere are thousands <strong>of</strong> words in theGaelic language that prove that theyonce gloried in the name <strong>of</strong> "MacCouail." The <strong>An</strong>nals <strong>of</strong> Ii-eland givea history <strong>of</strong> the introduction <strong>of</strong> thenames <strong>of</strong> "Con" and "Cee" into theroyal family, and how all the familieswith these abbreviations in their surnameswere meant to claim kindredto the royal family. It was the weakson <strong>of</strong> a king who, when a boy,became so fond <strong>of</strong> a hound that heafterwards was styled after the dog.The writing is very old, but it is onlycopying <strong>Scotland</strong>. They understoodthe word, and founded a story to giveit antiquity, or to rob <strong>Scotland</strong> <strong>of</strong>this as they had meant to do inOssianic aftau-s. Long live KingOscar II. Oban Times.If wisdom's ways you'd wisely seek,Five tilings observe with careOf whom you speak—to whom you speak,<strong>An</strong>d how—caud when—and where.
April, THE GAEL. 59EDINBURGH UNIVERSITYCELTIC SOCIETY.This Society held its annual socialmeeting in Cragie Hall, St <strong>An</strong>drewSquare, on the evening <strong>of</strong> Friday,the 7th ult—Mr. W. Eraser, M.A.,Stratheriick, in the chair.were opened byThe jDroceedingssingiug the 100th Psalm, after whichthe company sat down to tea. Apologiesfor absence were received fromPr<strong>of</strong>essor Blackie; Sheriff Nicolson;Dugald M'Kechuie, Esq., advocate;and John Carment, Esq., S.S.C.Diplomas <strong>of</strong> honorary membershipwere presented to Messrs. NormanMacleod, Lachlan Maclachlan, M.A.,W. Morrison, Ewen Macleod, GeorgeCampbell, J. Graham, M.A., RobertReid, and Alexander Macdonald, M. A.The Chairman then rose amid applause.He was deeply sensible, liesaid, <strong>of</strong> the honour the Society haddone him in calling him to occupythe chair at so large and brilliant anassemblage. He then adverted tothe benefit <strong>of</strong> debating societies ingeneral, and <strong>of</strong> then- own in particular.To the Highland student, fi'eshfrom home, the opportunities sucha society <strong>of</strong>fered for introducing hunto the university world, were mostinvaluable; and there should be asociety <strong>of</strong> this kind at every universityseat where the Highlands weresufficiently represented. Perhaps itwould be an improvement if the}'were made to approximate morenearly to the style <strong>of</strong> conversazioni.He hoped the establishment <strong>of</strong> aCeltic chair was not far distant." Time," he said, " has consecratedoiir traditions and language—a languagewhich is destined to hold aplace in classics undreamt <strong>of</strong> byour forefathers—which is now beingacquiredby the noblest in the landas part <strong>of</strong> the highest education—andwhich is second to none in copiousness<strong>of</strong> expression or in philologicalvalue."The Rev. Dr. Masson gave an interestingaccount <strong>of</strong> the social condition<strong>of</strong> the Canadian Highlanders,basing his remarks on his recenttravels. More Gaelic, he said, wasspoken in Canada than iu <strong>Scotland</strong>.He had travelled over 7000 miles <strong>of</strong>the Dominion and a few <strong>of</strong> the borderStates, everywhere preaching to largeGaelic congregations. He foundmany settlements as Highland as anypart <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, and the CanadianGlengarry had a hundred Highlandersto eveiy one in the oldhome <strong>of</strong> the Macdonells. In manyplaces the Gaelic services in the openair rivalled the great sacramentalgatherings <strong>of</strong> thiity years ago in theBum <strong>of</strong> Ferrintoshj and whateverthe exiled Highlanders had gainedin independence, they had lost nothing<strong>of</strong> the simple piety <strong>of</strong> theirforefathers, nor <strong>of</strong> their love for theirmother tongue. Everywhere, too,the world had gone well with them.Many <strong>of</strong> them were rich, and somehad amassed great fortunes. Inthe Church, at the Bar, and in theGoverinuent <strong>of</strong> the country, not lessthan in agriculture and trade, theGael took a high place. The Premier<strong>of</strong> the Dominion, though bornin Glasgow, Avas every inch a Highlander,and the leader <strong>of</strong> the Opposition,a very able man, was broughtup, like Hugh Miller, a stone masonin the Highlands: the Premier <strong>of</strong>Ontario was a Caithness man, andthe Minister <strong>of</strong> Public Works, whosometimes addressed the House inGaelic, came <strong>of</strong> a worthy family inArgyll. A Ross-shire man whom hehad met had given £100,000 t<strong>of</strong>ound a college for ladies.The Rev. Dr. Maclachlan referredto his own experience in Canadasome twenty-six years ago, contrastingthe state <strong>of</strong> the country then
60 THE GAEL. April, 1873.M'ith its present couditiou as eloquentlyclei)icted by his friend andbrotlier. ^Vitll every word that hadfallen from him he entirely agreed,and the pictni-e was a most i^leasingone.He then went on to speak <strong>of</strong>the aims <strong>of</strong> the Celtic society as such,and particularly <strong>of</strong> the duty that layon them to cultivate in a scholai-lyfashion their mother tongue. Theprospects <strong>of</strong> that tongue were at thejiresent moment most encouraging.One thing they should set steadilybefore tliem was the formation <strong>of</strong> aCeltic li])rary, and he had muchpleasure in saying that from havingthe ear <strong>of</strong> several influential gentlemen,he was in a position materiallyto aid them in that project.Mr. Laclilan Maclachlan, M.A..Ardgower, then gave an admirableGaelic addi'ess describing, in graphicterms, the Highlander's love <strong>of</strong>country, countrymen, and language,and finishing with a highly humourousreading ffom Caraid nan GaidJteal.Mr. Maclachlan was followed byMr. Donald Ross, Alness, who gaveaneloquentaddi-ess, dwelling humourouslyon the phase <strong>of</strong> life exhibitedon the floor <strong>of</strong> a debating society.The spii'it <strong>of</strong> the Gael, when excitedby debate, was hot to a degree thatthose who saw him only on ordinaryoccasions could form but a faint C(inception<strong>of</strong> ; but people were not onthat account to suppose that hecan-ied that spirit one step outsidethe walls <strong>of</strong> the debating room.Heconcluded by referring with feelings<strong>of</strong> personal gratitude to Cai'lyie as awriter and thinkei'.Mr. Donald Mowat, Lybster, expressedhis jjleasure at seeing somany <strong>of</strong> the fail- sex present, C(jmjjlimenting-the society on being thefirst in connectiun with tlie Universityto take tlie step <strong>of</strong> invitingladies to their social reunions.A vote <strong>of</strong> thanks to the ladiespresent was then proposed by theRev. William Watson, M.A., assistantpr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> mathematics, EdinburghUniversity.After a few words <strong>of</strong> thanks fi-omMr. J. Grahame, Lawers, to thestrangers, for their presence, andspecially to Dr. Masson and Dr.Maclachlan, the lady i)ianists andsingers, and Herr Spanier (Hanover),for their valuable coutril)utions to theevening's programme, Mr. A. J.Macquarrie, Stornoway, asked thecompany to join in wishing God-speedto the membeivs <strong>of</strong> the Societ}^ wliohad finished their curriculum, andwere now about to enter on the activeduties <strong>of</strong> life. These were Messrs.Fraser, M.A., Maclachlan, M.A.,Mowat, M.A., and Macqneen. Theyhad all been able and conscientiousstudents, read}' debaters, and pleasantcompanions.The proceedings <strong>of</strong> the evening,which were throughout <strong>of</strong> a highlyagreeable and harmonious character,Avere enlivened at intervals by readings,recitations, songs, and music.After a hearty vote <strong>of</strong> thanks to thechairman and the committee, themeeting separated at an advancedhour <strong>of</strong> the evening.A GAELIC CHURCH BEFORETHE TIME OP OSSIAN.The oldest Celtic Church was probal)ly that <strong>of</strong> the Galatians, a race <strong>of</strong>Celts which had wandered fromEui-ope and settled hi Asia some twohundred years before Paul wrote hisfamous Epistle. But these had probablylost their Celtic tongue. <strong>An</strong>dthe most ancient Gaelic-speakingChurch <strong>of</strong> which we have any certaininformation is the Church <strong>of</strong> Lyonsand Vienne, two cities in the south <strong>of</strong>France. That this Church wasGaelic-speaking we learn incidentally
——April, 1873. THE GAEL. 61from Ireiiffiiis, who, in tlie introductionto his great work on heresies,written when he was Bishop <strong>of</strong>Lyons, apologises for tlie "rustiuess"<strong>of</strong> his Gi"eek, on the ground that theLanguag-e which he has long beenaccustomed to speak is that <strong>of</strong> theCelts among whom he labours. <strong>An</strong>dher character and experience are depictedby the Church herself, in aletter to the Christians in Smyrnaand Asia, which is deservedly regardedas one <strong>of</strong> the finest memorials<strong>of</strong> early Christian antiquity. Thoughwritten in Greek, it is characterizedby an oriental pr<strong>of</strong>usion <strong>of</strong> imageryscarcely consistent with our Westernfeelings <strong>of</strong> severe good taste,and altogether incompatible withbrevity.The letter was transcribed byEusebius, the father <strong>of</strong> ecclesiasticalhistory, about thi-ee hundred yeai'safter the resurrection <strong>of</strong> Christ. Butit was written about A.D. 171, onoccasion <strong>of</strong> a fierce persecution whichin that year had tried the faith <strong>of</strong> theCluu'ch which sent it. The book <strong>of</strong>L'ena>us and letter <strong>of</strong> the Churchwere written in Greek, the thenlanguage <strong>of</strong> the learned; while, as wehave seen, the pastor spoke Gaelic-,because Gaelic was the language <strong>of</strong>the mass <strong>of</strong> his flock.— 27/e FamilijI'l-edsuvij.It is not a little remarkable that theone island <strong>of</strong> Skye should have sent forthfrom her wild shores since the beginning<strong>of</strong> the last wars <strong>of</strong> the French revolution,21 lieutenant-generals and major-generals;48 lieutenant-colonels; 600 commissioned<strong>of</strong>ficers; 10,000 soldiers; 4 governors <strong>of</strong>colonies; 1 governor-general; 1 adjutantgeneral;1 chief baron <strong>of</strong> England; and 1judge <strong>of</strong> the Supreme Court <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>.I remember the names <strong>of</strong> 61 <strong>of</strong>ficers beingenumerated, who, during "the war," hadjoined the army or navy from farms whichwere visible fi-om one hill-top in "theParish." These times have now passedaway. The Highlands furnish few soldiersor <strong>of</strong>ficers. Bev. Dr. JV. Mackod.MACDONALD OF CLANRANALD.The representative <strong>of</strong> an old race,once potent in the Hebrides, ReginaldGeorge Macdonald, Captain and ChieffCapitamts sen Princeps) <strong>of</strong> Clanranald,died on the 11th March, at hishouse in Clarendon Road, Kensington.He was born in Edinburgh onthe 29th <strong>of</strong> August, 1788, and consequentlywas in his 85th year at thetime <strong>of</strong> his death. The deceased wasthe son <strong>of</strong> Captain John Macdonald<strong>of</strong> the 22d Dragoons, by a daughter<strong>of</strong> Macqueen <strong>of</strong> Braxfield, the famousTory Lord Advocate and Judge, <strong>of</strong>whom so many stories are told by SirWalter Scott and Lord Cockburu.The late Chief was a deputy-lieutenant<strong>of</strong> Liverness-shire, and representedthe borough <strong>of</strong> Plympt(jn (disfranchisedby the Reform Act) from 1812to 1824. He was first mariied to adaughter <strong>of</strong> the Earl <strong>of</strong> M(junt Edgcumbe,and secondly to the widow <strong>of</strong>Richai-d Barre Dunning, Loixl Ashburton.He is succeeded by his son,Reginald John James George, a retiredcaptain in the Royal Navy, andmarried to a daughter <strong>of</strong> tlTe late, andsister <strong>of</strong> the present, Lord Vernon.The deceased Chief was a good type<strong>of</strong> the gentleman <strong>of</strong> the old schoollively, courteous, and alTable. Abouttwo 3'ears since he visited <strong>Scotland</strong>,and delighted his friends by hisnever-failing vivacity and comparativelyyouthful appearance.As the head <strong>of</strong> one branch <strong>of</strong> thegreat house <strong>of</strong> Macdonald <strong>of</strong> the Isles,the Chief <strong>of</strong> Clanranald, <strong>of</strong> course,had a long pedigree. Allan Macdonald,gi'andson <strong>of</strong> the last Kingand Lord <strong>of</strong> the Isles, commandedthe clan at the battle <strong>of</strong> Harlaw in1412. <strong>An</strong>other Chief, AlexanderMacruari, was one <strong>of</strong> the HighlandChiefs seized by James I. at Invernesshi 1427, and soon after beheaded.Subsetiuently we find the clan in
————!ù^ THE GAEL. Aprii,various fends and foi'ays. At thebattle <strong>of</strong> Blar-naii-leine ("the field <strong>of</strong>sliirts") the Macdonalds vanquishedthe Frasers, and Clauranald Avasmaintained in possession <strong>of</strong> the chiefshipand estates, and transmitted thesame to his descendants. A laterChief was knighted by James YI. in1G17. lu the civil wars <strong>of</strong> the 17thcentury the clan w-as always on theside <strong>of</strong> the Stuarts. John Macdonald<strong>of</strong> Clanranald fought under Montrose,and survived to welcome Charles II.on his restoration in 1660. Ilisgrandson summoned his clan to jointhe ranks <strong>of</strong> Dimdee, and ultimatelyfell at the battle <strong>of</strong> Sheriffmuir in1715. This Chief, known as Allan<strong>of</strong> Muidart, appears to have been agreat favourite. A song- in honour<strong>of</strong> him is still sung in the Highlands,and Boswell, in his famous tour withJohnson in 1773, boasted that he hadlearned a verse <strong>of</strong> it T/ia tigh 'nfodham c'iridh-—wliich is part <strong>of</strong> thechorus. The Gaelic bard celebratedAllan as wise in counsel, brave in"<strong>An</strong>d when to old Kil-Phedar cameSuch troops <strong>of</strong> damsels gay,Say, came they there for Allan's fame,Or came they there to pray?"Boswell says that as the servant <strong>of</strong>this popular chief watched the deadbody <strong>of</strong> his master on the field <strong>of</strong>battle at Sheriffmuir, some one askedhim who it was, upon which theservant answei-ed, "He was a manyesteiday !" A later Chief <strong>of</strong> Clanranaldfought with Charles Edwardat Gladsmuir and Culloden, andescaping to France served in theFi'ench army. The estate was, <strong>of</strong>course, confiscated, b\it it was afterwardsrestored to tlie family, andwhen the manufacture <strong>of</strong> kelp wascarried on in the Hebrides, the Clanranaldpossessions were <strong>of</strong> considerablevalue. These, however, haveall been lost to the old famil}'; "newpeople fill the land," and the clanand chiefship <strong>of</strong> Clanranald are nowbiit empty iiames.Liverness Courier.THE CLANS OF TORTY-FIVE.By Evan M'Coll.'Ho! landed npon Moidart's coast is <strong>Scotland</strong>'srightful Kmg!'Such was the news to Avhich the Gael oncegave warm welcoming;<strong>An</strong>d soon, glad-buckling on their arms,stout chiefs and clansmen trueHave sworn in his good cause to try whatgood broadswords can do.No cravens they to count the cost <strong>of</strong>failure; man alive!We'll never see their like again—theClans <strong>of</strong> 'Forty-iive.Brief time hath passed till Fimian's valeis all alive with menFrom east and west in loyal haste proudgathering: To their kenThe royal standard is unfurled — theirprince himself is there.Their loving homage to receive, theirdangers all to share;battle, and matchless as a hunter.He was also remarkable for his finemanly appearance, and when he used Grey Chiefs, who for his fathers fought,to repair to St. Peter's Chm-ch in the fire <strong>of</strong> youth revive,Skye, was followed by admiringgazersTo stirring pibrochs marshalling the Clans<strong>of</strong> 'Forty-five.Let no man say that to restore a creedproscribed they armThey think but <strong>of</strong> Ms lo\'ing trust, hisHighland heart so warm,His royal rights usurped—and they uponhis princely browWould j)lace his father's crown, ®r die:Too well they kejit their vowLet men who prate <strong>of</strong> loyalty inthis ourday deriveInstruction in that virtue from the Clans<strong>of</strong> 'Forty-five.Ay! let thena think <strong>of</strong> brave Lochiel andBorrodale the boldOf Keppoch and Glengarry too, thosechiefs <strong>of</strong> iron moxddThe Chisholm, Cluny, Brahan's lord, theMacintosh so keen,The Appin Stuarts and MacColls, thelion-hearts, M'Lean,
—;!;—;April, 1873.THE GAEL. 6^With mcany a chief and clan besides, whoquickly did contriveTo make their names immortal in thefamous 'Forty-five!How well they fonght let Falkirk fieldand Prestonpans declare;Well might all Europe, as it marked,applaud their valour rare.Woe's me, for dark CuUoden Moor,where, all to rashly brave.They to a force their own thrice told unequalbattle gave!What mortal might could do, they did,—but who 'gainst fate can strive?To destiny alone succumbed the Clans <strong>of</strong>'Forty-five.Alas! that their descendants now, upontheir native soil.Can hardly find, for deer and sheep, aspot whereon to toil;Our good old race <strong>of</strong> Chiefs give place tomercenary knavesWho, for a bushel more or less, wouldplough their fathers' graves.'The age <strong>of</strong> chivalry is past,' yet shall itsfame surviveForever, brightened by their deeds—theClans <strong>of</strong> 'Forty-five.^OTtcsponbciKC.A IIEBRIDEAN EPITIIA-LAMIUM.Sir,— I have much pleasure iusending you a Hehridean Epithulamhimwhich I recently received fromthe Rev. Mr. Stewart, ISTether-Lochaber.The introductory^ note givesit a pedigi'ee, and I need not thereforerefer to it further than to statethat the translation is by Mr. Stewarthimself, and that I deem it admirable.Mr. Stewart got the piece from agentleman in Cheltingham with arequest that he should translate it,and the following is the result.inserting itByin your first number youwill, I have no doubt, receive thethanks <strong>of</strong> j^oiu' numerous readers.Yours, &c., W. M.Glasgow, 10th March, 1873.meet the bride coming forth from herchamber with her maidens on the morningafter her marriage, and to salute her witha poetical blessing called BcannachadhBaird. On the occasion <strong>of</strong> the marriage<strong>of</strong> the Rev. Donald Macleod <strong>of</strong> Duirinish,in the Isle <strong>of</strong> Skye, this practice havingthen got very much into disuetude, andnone being found prepared to salute Imbride agreeably to it, he himself came forwardand received her with the followingbeautiful address :[We present our readers with theoriginal hnes as they stand in the M.S.,only omitting two lines that are partlyillegible from their falling into the sharpfoldings <strong>of</strong> the sheet. The sense andtenor <strong>of</strong> these lines, however, Mr. Stewarthas ventiired to guess at and to incorporatewith the English version.]BEANNACHADH BAIED.Mile failte dhuit le d' bhreid ;Fad' an re gu 'n robh thu slan.Moran laithean dhuit a's sith,Le d' mhaitheas a's le d' ni 'bhi 'fas.A' chulaidh-cheille-s' a chaidh suas'S trie a tharruing buaidh air mnaoi;—Bith-sa gu subhailceach, ciallach,thionnsgain thu fein 's an treubh.<strong>An</strong> tus do choimh ruith 's tu og ;<strong>An</strong> tiis gach lò iarr High nan dul,Cha 'n eagal nach dean E gu ceartGach dearbh-bheachd a bhios 'n ad run.Bith-sa fialaidh—ach bi glic ;Bi misneachail—ach bi stold';Na bi bruidhneachd 's na bi balbhNa bi mear no marbh 's tu og.Bi gleidhteach air do dheadh aimn,Ach na bi duinte 's na bi fuarNa labhair fos air neach gu h-olc,'S ged labhrar ort na taisbcan fuathNa bi gearanach fo chrois,Falbh socair le cupan Ian.Chaoidh do 'n olc na tabhair speis,A's le d' bhreid ort, mile failt'A BARD'S BLESSING.Comely and kerchief'd, blooming, fresh,and fair,All hail and welcome ! joy and peace bethine.Of happiness and health a bounteous shareBe shoAver'd upon thee from the handdivine.Wearing the matron's coif, thou seem'stto beEven lovelier now than erst, when fancyfree,It was the custom in the West Highlands<strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> in the olden time to mv heart fromThou in thy beauty's strength did'&t stealme.
;;— ;—"64- THE GAEL. April. 187Though young in years thou'rt now a\verltled wife,seek Hi.s guidance who can guide arightWith aiil from Him, the rugged ^lath <strong>of</strong>lifeMay .still 1)6 trod with pleasure and delight;For He who made us bids us not foregoA single, sinless pleasure in this world <strong>of</strong>woe.Be open handed, but be ciilcnt too.Be .strong and full <strong>of</strong> courage, but Ijc .staid;Aught like unseemly folly still eschewBe faultless wife as thou wert faultlessmaid !Guard against hasty speech and temperviolent.<strong>An</strong>d Icnowing when to speak, know alsoto be silent.Guard thy good name and mine fromsmallest .stainIn mamier still be kindly, frank, and free 1If thou'rt reviled, revile not thou again;In hour <strong>of</strong> trial, calm and patient be;<strong>An</strong>d when thy cup is full walk humbly still,A careles.s, jiroud, rash step the blissfulcup may spill.With this Bard's blessing on thy weddedmoi-n,All at thy bridal chamber-door we greetthee ;May every joy <strong>of</strong> truth and goodness bornThrough all thy life-long journey crowdto meet theePeace now richlj'<strong>An</strong>d may the God <strong>of</strong>shedA blessing on thy kerchief-cinctured head INEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.Glasgow.—A Gaelic society is beingformed in this city, to be called "The(Gaelic Society <strong>of</strong> Glasgow" (ComunnO'dlilhenlach 0/ilaschuJ. The objects <strong>of</strong>the society sliall l)e the fostering <strong>of</strong> Gaelicliterature, preservation <strong>of</strong> the Gaeliclanguage, estal)lishment <strong>of</strong> Gaelic library,Gaelic meetings, and the promotion <strong>of</strong>Highland and (jaelic matters in general.Variou.s interesting and encouraging meetingshave Ijeen hchl, and the enterprisepromises well.Gaelic Concert.—The Gaelic singingclass taught by Mr. D. Macarthur wasbrought to an end Ijy a soiree and concert,the first tiling <strong>of</strong> tlie kind that ever tookplace in the city, in Summers' J I all, Gandleriggs.(Japtaiii M. M. Gurrie occupiedthe chair. There were also [ireseutCaptain Menzies, Lieutenant Macadam,and Messrs. D. Cowan, N. Macneil, N.Campbell, &c. All the proceedings werecarried on in Gaelic—the many songs sungin that language eliciting the greatestenthusiasm. The pijier <strong>of</strong> the GlasgowGaelic Society was present, and favouredthe meeting with stirring strains on thel^agpipe. The following gentlemenfavoured the meeting with Gaelic addressesand songs—Messrs. Macarthur, Sinclair,Campbell, MacLean, Macdonald, Macfarlane,&c. <strong>An</strong> assembly followed.A Famous Armourer.— "A gi-eat armourerarose in the Highlands," saysSmiles, m his Industrial Biography," onewho was able to forge armour that wouldresist the best Sheffield arrow-heads, andto make swords -that would vie with thebest weapons <strong>of</strong> Toledo and Milan." Thiswas the great cutler, <strong>An</strong>drea de Ferrara,whose swords still maintain their ancientrej)utation. He is supposed to havelearned his art in the Italian city whencehe was called, and, under the patronage<strong>of</strong> the King <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, to have practisedit in secrecy among the Highland hills, asall his genuine blades are marked with acrown ; and before his time no man inGreat Britain could temper a sword insuch a way that the point should touchthe hilt and spring back uninjured. Heis said to have worked in a dark cellar,the l)etter to enable him to perceive theefiect <strong>of</strong> the heat upon the metal, and towatch the nicety <strong>of</strong> the tempering ; aswell as possibly to serve as a screen to hissecret method <strong>of</strong> working. Many <strong>of</strong> hisblades, with new Ijaskct hilts, are to l)efoTind in the Scottish regiments <strong>of</strong> thepresent day. From Cassell'sBattle,^ on Land and Sea."^nslncr^ to'^ British(lloi'rcjsponlicntii.DuNEDiN wishes to know if the nameChristie is Celtic. If so, what clan doesit belong to ? Can any <strong>of</strong> our readerssupply information?Erratum.—In No. 13 <strong>of</strong> The Gael thename <strong>of</strong> the gentlemen who sung " Muilenam mor-l)heann" at the soiree <strong>of</strong> theGreenock Highl.anders, was given as JohnM'(jillivray, it ought to have been JohnMaclntyre.Can any <strong>of</strong> our correspondents furnishus with a copy <strong>of</strong> the song, •' Ged tha migun chrodh gun aighean.
G-.^ I ID s: E ^^ L.II. Leabh.] CEUD MHIOS AN T-SAMHRAIDH, 1873. [19 Air.AIR CRUINN-MHEALLAIBHSOILLSEACH NAN SPEUR.EARRANN VII.<strong>An</strong>ns na h-earranaibh a chaidh airtlioiseach rinn sinn dichioll air cunntasa thoirt air a' ghrein, agus air nareultaibh agus gealaichibh a ta'g acuairteachadh. Noclid sinn meud,astar, agus gluasad nan reult muthimcliioll na greine, agus gachuime sin, iongantacli annta fein,agus is dall agus neo-mhothuchail anneach sin do nach leoir iad chumcumhachd agus gliocas miorbhuileachan Ti sin a dheanamh soilleir, " Aigam bheil a slighe 's an f haii'ge, agusa cheumanna anns na h-uisgeachaibhmora."Tha gach reult a dh' ainmich sinnri 'm faicinn o'n talamh ann an aitair bith d' an cuairtibh, agus tha iadgu leir a' siubhal mu thimchioll nagreine ann an cearcallaibh, no airslighibh a tha dluth air a bhi guh-iomlan cruinn. Ach tha meallanmor soillseach eile'g an nochdadhfein air amannaibh anns na speuraibha ta gu h-iomlan eu-cosmhuil rih-aon air bith a dh' ainmicheadh, athaobh an gluasaid, an nadair, agusan coslais. Is iad so na Rionnaganearhallacha chithear aig amannaibharaidh leis an t-suil luim. Tha nah-earbuill sosoilleh' mar lasair theine,agus a ghnath a'dol a mach o narionnagaibhsin air an taobh a's fhaidedhiubh o'n ghi-ein. Tha iad a'gluasad ann an cuaii'tibh nach 'eilidir cruinn; oir tha na cuairtean sinaù' an deanamh ann an cearcallaibhfada, cimihann, a ta 'sineadh a machair feadh farsuingeachd na cruitheachd.Air an aobhar sin, cha'nfhaicear na rionnagan teinteach so,ach car beagan sheachduinean anuair a thig iad am fagiis do'n ghrein.Le luathas do-thuigsinn tha iad a'siubhal a mach ann an gorm-astarnan speur, agusbuaidh eile is fios duinn a tha dluthcteangailteriu, Chunnaic sinngu'm bbeil an talamh agus na reultaneile a' siubhal ann an cearcallaiblimu thimcliioll na greine, agus gu'ma' pdleadh air an aisbheil iad a' criochnacliadh an cuairteanann an amannaibli suidhichte, a Is miorbhuileach na rionnagan so, aa ris 'n an amannaibh suidhichte fein.ta'deanamh suas am bliadhnaichean thaobh gach buaidh a bhiiineas doibh.doibh fa-leth. Tlia na nithe so uile, Tha iad a' gi'easadh air an slighibhfein le luathas do-thuigsinn, agus a'siubhal air an aghaidh air feadhshlighean nan reult eile air an d'l-innsinn cheana iomradh; agus tha iadair an suidheachadh co cothromach,agus CO h-eagnuidh is nach buail iadail- aon a'cheile. Cha'n urrainnteallsanaich a dheanamh mach gucinnteach ciod an stubh dhe 'm bheilna rionnagan cearbach so air andeanamh suas. Tha cuid anns a'bharail gur peileirean cruinn teineiad, agus gur lasair an t-earbull aca,a ta 'g a shineadh fein a mach co fada,a thaobh an luathais leis am bheiliad a'suibhal. Tha cuid eile anduil gur meallan cruinn talmhainniad cosmhuU ris na reultaibh, agusgu'm bheil iad air an cuah-teachadhle adhar teinnteach agus soillseach,a ta 'g a sgaoileadh fein 'n an deigh,agus a' nochdadh coslais earbuill.<strong>An</strong> toiseach chithear iad anabarrach5
;Chunncas!66 AN GAIDHEAL, ceud Mhlos an t-Samhraidh, 1873.beag leis na gloineacliaibh-amhairciicli an uair a dluthaicheas iad a stighris a' glirein, tha iad a' fas id's luo,agiis ni's dealraiche, agus air iiairibhtha sealladli aluiim agus soilleir r'afhaotuinn diubli. Air do na sligliibliaig na rionnagaibh iongantach so abhi CO anabarracli fada agiis farsuing,rinu an teallsanach Newton a machgu'mbheil iad a'siubhal aii' feadh nanchiiairtibh Bhenuis agus INIhars.Chunncas rionnag-earballach ocheannnaoi fichead bliadhna air ais agus anuair a bha i teann air a' ghrein, bhaNewton a'deanamh sluaigh cinnteachgun robh a teas da mhile uair ni steotha na ianmn dearg as an teallaich;agus is teas sin a ta do-thuigsinndhuinne! Tha na reultairean anduil nach lugha na seachd ceud aireamhnan rionnag earballach sin, atha 'cuairteachadh na grein' againne,ach cha'n'eil fios cinnteach aca muthimchioll ach aii'eamh ro bheagdhiubh so. Tha cuid dhiubh a'criochnachadh an turais mu'n ghreiuaim an da Ijhliadhna, cuid ann an tri,sea, agus deich bliadhna, an uair atha cuid eile a'gabhail tri, ceithir,agus cuig fichead bliadhna, agustuilleadh, chuiu aon chuarrt a churair a' ghrein ! <strong>An</strong>nsa' bhliadhna1835, chunncas rionnag'-earballachle Ilalley, agus thugadh an t-ainmsin di, a chionn gur e an teallsairEdmund Halley a rinu a mach gu'ntigeadh i ann am fogharadh nabliadhna 1835. Ceart mar a thubliairte, tliainig i, agus cha'n 'eilteagamh nach cuimhne le cuid deluchd-leughaidh a' Gluiidheil a faicinnleis an t-suil luim, anns a' bliadhnasin. Tha i so a' gabhail tri ficheadagus cuig bliadhna deug, agus seamiosan cliuni aon chuaii-t adheanamh,air chor is nacli fhaicear tuilleadh igus a' bhliadhna 1911, 's e sin, ochdbliadhna deug thar fhichead an deighso ! Gus an do raunsaich na teallsanaicha mach mu thimchioll nanrionnag siubhlach so, bha iad a' bualadhdhaoine aineolach, agus saobhchrabhachann an iomadh aite lemaoim agus eagal. Bha iad an duilgu'n robh Dia'g an suidheachadhanns na speuraibh mar chomharanair cogannaibh, ])laighibh, agus athar-speur, aig astar moran ni's fhaide airfalbli na iomall cuairte Uranuis, raichibh eagallach eile; ach gu sonraichtegu'n robh iad aii- am foill-agns gii'm bheil iad a ris air uairiblia' teaclid aii* an taobh a stigh de seachadh mar chomharan airbreith noair bas dhaoine gaisgeil agus ainmeilMar so, chunncas a li-aon diubh resheachd laithean an deigh breithlulhiis Chesair, agus shaoil an sluaghgu'm b'e anam an duine ainmeil sina bh' ann air a nochdadh anns naspeuraibh ! a h-aon eileaig C'onstantinojjle anns a' bhliadhnaa rugadh Maliomet. Ghabhadhbeachd air rionnag so, Halley co fadair ais ri sea fichead agus deichbliadhna roimh bhreith Chriosd, agusbha i ach beag an sin co dealrach,tha e air a radh, ris a' ghreinChunncas gu trie o'n uair sin i, achcha robh fios cinnteach m'a timchiollgus an d' rinn Halley a mach a gne.Ma'n d' thainig i o cheann ochd bliadhnadeug thar fhichead air ais, bhaanabharr eagail air moran sluaigh abha 'g an deanamh fein cinnteachgu'm buaileadh i an talamh, agus gu'nloisgeadh i e gu luaithre! Bha iadfo 'n eagal so, a chionn gu'n robh igu cuairt-shlighe na talmhainn aghearradh tarsuing beagan roimhmheadhon oidhche air an naoidheamhla fichead de'n mhios mu dheireadhde'n fhoghar. Ach ged bha ise gu sina dheanamh, cha d' thainig an talamhdh-ionnsuidh an aite 'n a chuairtanns na robh an rionnag Halley gudol tarsuing air a shlighe gu maduinuan SOmhla de cheud mhios a'gheamhraidh;agus aig an am sin bha'nrionnag co fad' aii- falbh a's nach robh
!! ;Ceud Mliios an t-Samhraidh, 1S73. AN GAIDHEAL. 67aobhar eagail sam bitli aig hichdaiteachaidlina talmliainn, gu'mbuaileadh iad air aon a cheileMar so rinn sinn ar dichioll chumcunntas a tlioirt air na rionnagaibhsoilleii", earballacli, agus siubhlachso; acb feumar aideachadh nachsoirbh an ni beaclid soilleir a thoirtdo sliluagli air nitliibli mu thimchiollam bheil a' cliuid a's modhiubli gu tiir aineolach. Thasinn an doclias, gidheadb, gu'ngabh moran de luchd-leughaidJi a'Ghaidheil tlachd ann a bbi'beachdsmuaineachadhair na nithibli so guleir, chum gu'n tuig iad ni's soillerrecumhachd neo-clu'iochnach an Tisin a shuidhich iad ann an speuraibhneimie. 'Nam measg-san a dheanadhmiueachadh soilleir agus so-thuigsinna thoirt seachad air gach oirdheii-ceasa bhuineas do chruinn-mheallaibhsoillseach nan speur, clia'n aithnedhuinn neach d'am b' fhearr an tigeadhan gnothuch, agus a bheireadhbarrachd ceartais da na an t-urramachfoghluimte, Bun Loclmhar. Is esana nochdadh gu soiller an seolair ambheil oibre miorbhuileach na cruitheachda'cur an geill gloir, morachd aguscumhachd an Ti a dhealbh iad air tus,agus a ta fathast 'g an riaghladh agussan, oir is Esan a mhain an Ti a ninithe iongantach<strong>An</strong>ns an ath earrami bheir sinncunntas airna rionnagaibh suidhichte.(Ri leantuinn.)COMHAIRLE.Sgiathanach.Na 'n triallar slighe 'ghliocais leat,Coig riaghailtean lean gu dluthFeuch c'uin— co ris—co uime,— 's c'ait,A's ciamar bhruidhneas tu.CALLUM A'EAERANN IX.GHLINNE.Air eagal a bhi a' sgitheachadh arluchd-leughaidh, feumaidh sinn ant-ursgeul so a thoirt gu comh-dhuuadhanns an aireamh sode u'Ghaidheal.A dh-aindeoin gach caochladhsuidheachaidh, gach soirbheachadhagus gach duil-bhristeadh leis anrobh Galium air 'f hiosrachadh annsan f hreasdal, cha do chlaon e bho anruu-shuidhichte da-fhillte a chuir eroimhe, 'n uair a dh' f hag- e gleann adhuthchais :— B' iad sin, anns a'cheud aite, a' chuid a b'f hearr adheanamh de gach cothrom a dh'f haodadh e 'f haotaiun gu bhi a' tog-ailfoghluim agus fiosrachaidh; agus lebhi 'frithealadh air sgoileau feasgair,le leughadh agus le meorachadh,thaiihg e ri h-uine gix bhi da-rireadhna dhuiue foghlumta ann an Eachdraidh,ann an Litireachd agus annan caochladh chanaiuean. Eu-coltachri moran d'a luchd-dathcha, cha dochain e a' GhaiUg far nach d'fhuaire a' Bheurla. Is ann a choisinn e, leleughadh agus le rannsachadh, tomliasde eolas air a h-eachdraidh, air adaimh agus air a samhlachd ri cànaiiieanaosda, ard-ughdarail eile, an-'g an stiuireadh le a chaomh-fhreasdalfein. Thugadh na h-uile, ma ta, Faodaidh e bhi'n a iongautas lenacli d' raiuig moran 'u a latha.gloir do'n TiGHEARNA Iehobhah, cuid d' ar luchd-leughaidh, nach doagus cuireadh iad an ceill a chliu-choisrig se e fein do sheirbheisnaomh na ministrealachd ; ach is coltachnach d' thainig e riamh gucomh-dhuuadh gun robh gau-m shoilleir,no barrantas neo-theagmhachaige 'n a inntinu gu 'aghaidh a churris an dreuchd chudthromach agussholuimte ud; mar sin, rinn e suas'inntiun gu'm fanadh e anns a'ghairnianns an do ghairmeadh e; agusfaodaidh e bhi gun d' rinn e barrachdfeuma ann an aobhar an t-soisgeilmar fhear-aideachaidh agus marbhall de 'n Eaglais, na ged a bhiodhe ann an dreuchd na ministrealachd.
—68 AN GAIDHEAL, ceud MIiIos on t-Samhraldh. 1873.Tlia morau anus an t-saoghal aigI inch eil UK^r-tlilaclid, no mw-mbeasair an ui sin is e crioch àraid andniue; agns, aig nacli eil dad dechomh-f hulangas ri aideacliadli glaiicomh-aontachail air an diadbaidheacbd;nacb toil- creideas a's airde docbaitbe-beatba naomb agns neo-locbdachmbinisteirean na gu'm feiimiad a bbi coltach ri an ceaird; achnacb urrainn teagarab a cbnr ann antreibbdbireas hiciid-aideachaidb eile,'n uair a gbeibbear iad, le an giulaniouraic, le an end ciallacb, cunbhallacb,agus le am fialaidbeacbd f beinàicbeil,a' nocbdadb a macb na diadbaidbeacbd'n a maise agus 'n a toradb,gnn sail ri buannacbd sbaoghalta.Cba robh Galium riamb 'n a f bearaideacbaidbbruidlmeacb no batbaiseacb;acb bba e anns na b-uile seadb,"na fbear-deanaidb an fbocail." B'iomadb ogaiiacb bocbd, simplidb d' aIncbd-dutbcba d' au do nocbd e fiorcbairdeas, air dhoibb tigbinu marcboigricb do Gblaschn, agiis d' anrobb e 'n a f bear stiuraidh agus 'n acbombairlicbe; 'g an dion agus 'g antiorcadb bbo na cunnartan agus bbona ribeacbaii millteacb d'au robb iadbuailteacb; agus a tbreoraicb e gublii a deanamb na cuid a's fearr den' bbeatba 'tba latbair, agus de u'bbeatha 'tba ri teacbd. D'a tbaobbfein, shoirbbicb leis gu matb marfbear ceaird agus mar fbear gnotliuicb.Dli'fboghluim e an "Saogbala gbnatbacbadb gun a mbigbnatbacbadb."Cba do cbaill eriamb a tblacbd ann an toil-iinitiniieanmodbanail, neoclioireacb na beatba'tba latbair. Bba ceol, dealbb-tbarruing,gràbhaladb agus nitlie de'nt-seorsa sin, 'n an am agus 'n an aitefein, ro-tbaitiieacb leis; bba suil aguscluas aige gu l)bi 'cm- meas orra marealaidbeau a blia taisbeanadb nancomasan agus nam buadban modbanailleis am bbeil an duine, marclireutairreusanta air a cluiibbrionnacbadb,eadar-dbealaicbte bbo chreutaireaneile, agus mar sin aii- a dbeauamhcomasacli a bbi a' deilbb agus acumadb le 'laimb, cuspairean solaisagus taitneacbais d'a sliuil agus d'ainntinn fein. Bba mar an ceudnatombas de gbibbt ua bardacbd air abbuileacbadb air CaUura, ged nacbdo cbnir e moran dbi ann au cleacbdadb.Bba e 'n a dbeagb bbreitbeamhair ciod e sin bardacbd, eadar-dbealaicbtebbo ranntacbd a mbain. Cha'uaidicbeadb e riamb gu 'n robb a'bbeagde cbliu na fior bbardacbd, dligbeacbdo ranntacbd air bitb a sgriobb e fein,no a cbombaoisean cbo fad's a b'aitbne dba, saor o obraicbean UilleamMbic-Iain-leitb, no mar a tba sloinneadban f bior Gbaidbeil fbiugbail udnacb maireanu air a litireacbadb ancumantas Mac Dhun-kibhe. Gednacb d' analaicb a' Cbeolraidb riambair Galium am measg gleadhraichagus utag a' bbaile-mboir, 'n uair agbeibbeadb e air falbb an drasdaagus a ritbis air cbuairt do'u dutbaicbbba a' leitbid de bbuaidb aig aillidbeachdobair Naduir air 'inntinn, agusgur trie a bba e air a gbhiasad giibbi a' tarruing dealbb-cboltas nambeaim agus nan gleann, na mara agusnam monaidbeau ann an raimtachdnacb eil fad' air dheireadb air cuidde 'n t-seorsa cbeudna, aig am bbeilaium agus aite aim aii iarmailt nafior bbardacbd. <strong>An</strong>n san dealacbadhcuiridh sinn an sampnll a leanas, focbombair ar lucbd-Ieughaidb. A'cbeud uair a tbug e sgriob do 'nGbaidbealtacbd a db-fbaicinn ambatliar agus a cbairdean, db' f hage Grianaig aims an anmoch, air te dena Smuid-sboitbicbean tuatbach ; acbair do'n oidbcbe bbi fuar agus dorcba,cbaidh e gu tratbail d'a leabaidh.Dhuisg e mu gblasadh na cambaiiaicbaig ceanii tuath Ghaol-Ile. Dbeiriche gu grad a dh-f baiciiin c'ait an i-obhe, agus ciod a bba ri' fhaicimi; agussgriobb 6 na rannan cuimbneacbain
;;Ceud Mhios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 6da leanas, 'n a leabhar poca, air foun,'•'•Johnny stays long at the fair."'N uair clhirich mi suas gu clar-uachdairna hiinge,Aig braighe Chaol-Ile—bha 'n lionadh airmhire,'G a togail gu siubhlacli bho Dliiura guMuile,'S a curs' air Loch-buidhe nan seol.! chi, chi mi na tulaichean,Creach-bheinn nam fiadh 's nan liath-charnmulanach,O ! chi, chi mi na tulaichean;Chi mi Beinn-bhuidhe fo cheo.Chi mi na stuadhan nuallach, baidealach,'Bualadh gu trom ri bonn a' Gharaidh,'8ri Othirne chiarnanliath-chreag carrach;Tha leaba 'n daimli-alluidh 'g a coir.! chi, chi mi, &c.Chi mi Beinn-Charsaig 'a braighe Ghlinn"bathair,Leth-fholaicht fo shrol de cheo na maduinnA's lunn an lar-chuain le fuaim a' sadadhRi Carr'-bhulag stallach nan cos.O ! chi, chi mi, &c.B'e an dara rnn-suidliidhte bhoiiacli do clilaon Galium, agns idiriiach do dhearmaid e, a dlileasdanasd' a 'mhathair. Cha deacbaiclh seachduiuriamh seacbad oirre 'n a b-aonaracbdgnu litir 'f baotaiuu uaitbe,Tbaiuig i fa-dbeoidb 'n a seauu aoisagus 'n a h-anmbiiimieacbd gu bbigu buileacb an crocbadh ris airson abeolaiud, agiis cba b' aun gu h-aiudeonacbuo gu splocacb a f britbeil ed'a b-uireasbbuidbeaii; cbum e suas iaim an combf bm-tacbd agus aun aneireacbdas gus an do cbriocbnaicb ia cnairt anns an f hasacb. 'N uair aleagadb sios i leis an tinneas o' nacbd'eiricb i, dli' f bag e a gbnotbuicbeanfo mbarasglacbadb a lucbd seirbbeis;cbaidb e gun dail g' a faicinn, aguscba deacbaidb e a null no a uall uaipegus an do tbilg i an anail, le a ceannair a gbairdean. 'N uair a tbaisg ea corp fo'n f boid ann an uir a sinnsearacbd,agus a chuir e suas clacbcbuimhneacbaineireachdail tbairisoirre, gbabb e a cbead deireannacble tir a dhutbcbais; agus cba b' f badagus an do lean e a bbraitbrean agusa pbeatbraichean do Cbanada, far and' f buair e iad ann an suidbeacbadbsoirbbeacbail."Ni lamb an dliicbiollacb beairteas"— " Gun bbi leasg ann an gnotbuicbibb: duracbdacb 'u a spiorad ; a' deanambseirbbeis do 'u Tigbearna," cbab' ann le sporan falamb a db' f bag' eGlaschu, far an robb e ro-mbeasailaig a lucbd-eolais anns an t-saogbalagus aig a bbraitbrean anns an Eaglais.Cbeannaicb e oigbreacbd luacbmborann an Canada, far am bbeil eaun an socair, a' mealtuinn toradb adbicbill, agus adbartacbd onoracb,eiseimpleireacb a cbaitbe beatba agusa gbiulain; 'n a fbear-misneacbaidb,na cbombnadb agus na cbul-taic d'alucbd-dutbcha mu 'n cuairt da.<strong>An</strong>us a' cbomb-dbunadb, db' iarramaidartaingealacbddo'uGHAlDHEALaideacbadb gu treibbdbireacb, airsonna comain fo 'n do chuir e sinn, leisan f hoighidiuu agus anf hialuidheacbda nochd e dhuinn o mhios gu miosann a bbi a' toirt aite faicsinneach do'n ursgeul so, mabacb, liotacb agusneo-choilionta mar tha e, le dochasagus le durachd gum faod moran d'a lucbd-leugbaidh, gu sonruichte ammeasg na h-oigridh, taitneas agusbuannachd 'f baotainn bho<strong>An</strong> sgeul so 'chaidh aithrisMu Challum a' Ghlinne.MUILEACH.<strong>An</strong> Telegraph.—Thuirt bean GhaidhealachIjho cheann ghoirid ri duine araidhair am bheil sinn eòlach, gu 'n cuala iseaig na gillean a thainig a Gallabh gu 'nrobh innleachd iir aca an dràsd air sondaoine, a thoirt a dh-America ; nach bitheadhdad aca ach dol 'n an seasamh air barrslait mhoir iaruinn agus gu 'm bitheadhiad a null air a' " helegra" nan ceo, annam prioba na sùla. Thuirt te eile a bha 'san eisdeachd gu 'm b" f hearr leithe fheindol a null air te dheth na seannsoithichean, na'n doigh ùr sin; air eagal's nach rachadh aice air i fhein a chruiuaeachadha rithisd thall.
;;!:AN GAIDHEAL. Ceiul illiios ail t-Samhraidh,BREITH CHRIOSD.'N uair 'lilia nisgeachaii lordaiii gu coinhnard fo pliramh,A's air sliabh maiseach Shioin 'bha samhchair 'u a tamh,'N uair 'bha buachaillean Bhetle'm a' faireadh nan trend,Ri solus nau rionnag 's gau dioii o gach beud.Feuch, fuaimeau neo-tliahiihaidh gu h-ard os an ceauu,Do chual' iad o cbein-astar dorcha nam beaun,A' dhi'cliadh le ceol agus moladh ro-bliinn.Ghrad liouadh an cridb'cluui le aoibhneas grinu.Ach air amliarc a suas dhoibh, ghrad chlisg iad gu leir,Oir, le gathan ur, boillsgeach las gorm-bhrat na'u speur;Dhoirt na Neamhaii a mach troimh an geatachau oir,Sluagh gun aireamh de aingle 's iad sgeadaicht' le gloir.Air carbadan dealrach, 's sgiathan geal mar an sneachd,A nuas air an oidhche do thuirlinu am feachdChual' na Neamhan a b'airde buaidh-chaithream na toirm,'N uair a bhuail iad an clarsaichean, 's 'sheinn iad le foirm'Shioin, le subhachas tog suas do shuil,Tha an t-am a nis faisg ris am b' f had' 'bha do dhuil,Tha Nadur nil' aoibhneach 's fiamh-ghair air a gruaidhPrionnsa Shaleim tha 'tighinn gu riogh'chadh le buaidh!Feuch, Trocair, tha 'dortadh a taisg-phraisibh oir.Do luchd-caoidh sruithean solais, gu fialaidh 's gii leoii';Tha i 'ceaugal le curam gach ciurradh a's leon,A th' air cridh'chan gun dochas na dream 'ta fo bhroii.A chur misuich 's na cridh'chan Ian geilt tha E 'teachd,A thoirt buaidh air an DiabhuU—e fein 's a chuid feachd:Theich an duibhre roimli aghaidh reul oirdheirc an la,Ris tha doireachan Edein gu hurar fo bhlath!O 'Shioin, le subhachas tog suas do shuil,Tha an t-am a nis faisg ris am b' f had' 'bha do dhuil,Tha Nadur ml' aoibhneach 's fiamh-ghaii- air a gruaidhPrionnsa Shaleim tha 'tighinn gu riogh'chadh le buaidhEadar. le Mac-Mhaecuis.NA BANCAICHEAN-CAOMHNAIDH.Bu choir do gach duine a dh' f hcumas,le falhis a ghruaidh, a theachd-an-tir feina chosnadh, lieagan a chur mil seach airson an latha fhhiich— la a dh'fheudasteachd air na h-uile an uair a's higha ashaoilcas iad. Is e an seol a's fcarr chumso a dhcananih, Vicagan a chur, air alughad, anns an lonad-ndialairt, no 's a'Bhanc-caomhnaidh, far an tog e riadh,agus far an gleidhear cniinn r'a cheile e.<strong>An</strong>na an aite sin tha e an comhnuidhtearuinte, agus deas gu lamh a chur airri h-uch(l feuma. <strong>An</strong> toiseach, ma ta,dean dicliioll air co beag ri bonn-cruin achur r'a cheile ; thoir an tigh-malairt ortleis, agus gheihh thu an sin leabhran annsan sgriobhar sios am bonn-cruinn agad rid' chreideas, agus anns am bheil comasagad tuilleadh a chur an uair a chosnastu e. Uime sin, dean dichioll air iieonia chur gu riaghailteach a' d' leabhran gachmios, no gach seachdiiin, ged nach biodh,
'' Tha—"C'eud Mliios au t-SamliraicUi, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 71ann ach sgillinn Shasunnach. Cha tuig Rainig i agus ghabh i bothan tighe o thuathanacham fochair a' bhaile. neach sam bith giis am feuch se e, cia coBha'nfurast "s a ta e airgiod a dheanamh air au og-bhean so riamh deanadach, dichiollach,doigh so, agus tha fios aig na h-uile nach agus glic. Cha robh la 's a' bhliadhnafurast a dheanamh air dhoigh eile. <strong>An</strong> nach robh i' faotuimi oibre mu 'n tuathanachas,uair a thoisicheas duine air neoni beag aghleidheadh mar so, tha toil-inntinn aige a' deanamh gach ni a thigeadh 'n acaradh air na h-achaibh, agus a' faotuinuann a bhi 'faicinu gii'm bheil a chuid duaise bheag, chinnteach air son a saoithreach.<strong>An</strong> deigh dhi a bhi samhradh noairgid a' fas mor gu'n fhios gii'n aire dha,agus ni e strith chum a mheudachadli.Cuiridh e a nis, le Ian chridhe, anns anleabhran, an tasdan a rachadh roimh sindha a' cur seachad a h-uine air an doighso thainig i a stigh do'n bhaile air feasgararaidh, o cheanu a uis dluth air ficheadle gleadhraich 's an stop. Tha'n cleachdataitneach so a' teagasg do na h-uile a bhicuramach, measorra, agus stuama. Cuiridhiad cul ris gach miUeadh, anameasarrachd,agus caitheamh, agus uile laitheanam beatha Ijithidh iad taingeil air son a'chaochlaidh a rinneadh air an giulan, agusair au drochcleachdannaibh. Gu robhiad lionmhor am measg luchd-leughaidha' Ghaidheil a smuainicheas air so agusa bheir iomadli beannachd dha-san achomhairlich dhaibh a' cheud sgillinn achur'n an leabhranaibh-malaii-t.Cha'n iirrainn neach a thuigsinn antoiseach ciod a' Ijhuanuachd a ta ann dotheaghlach sam bith, an uair a bhios ceannardan teaghlaich sin curamach agusglic ann a bhi 'gleidheadh, agus a' cur museach neoni beag au tras' 's a ris air son anama ri teachd. Is cruaidh agus is duilichan obair do chosnach bochd airgiod adheanamh, ach tha e morau u'is dorra dhaan t-airgiod sin a ghleidheadh an deighdha a dheanamh. Uime sin, 's e gliocasgach neach aig am bheil a' bheag no mhoran ceaim na seachduin mar thuarasdal airson a shaoithreach, earrami liheag deth achur 's a' Bhanc-caomhnaidh, agus gunfhios gun aire dha, fasaidh e mor. Chado ghabh neach aithreachas riamh air songu'n d' rinn e so. Tha cor is deichbliadhna fichead o-n thoisich na Bancaicheau-caomhuaidhsin, agus is mor ambeannachd a bhuilich iad air au rioghachdair fad.Tuigear so ui's fearr le aon eiseimpleira thoirt air a'chuis.Bha bean-phosda og, thapaidh anns anEilean Sgiathanach a chaill a companach,agus a dh' f hagadh le triuir nighean, abha 's an am gle og. <strong>An</strong> uair a thoisichgorta mhor's an Eilean sin, mar a tacuimhue aig morau fathast, bha a' bheanso air a saruchadh gle chruaitlh a thaobhgainne an teachd-an-tir. Runaich i airla de na laithibh, air sgireachd a breithfhagail, agus air Baile-ciim ua Siorramachda thoirt oirre, far an robh duil aiceri cosnadh eigin fhaotaiun chum i feiuagus a caileagan beaga a chumail beo.bhadhua, agus ghainn i airsan a ta 'sgrio-Ijhadh so sios, beagan an deigh dha teachddo'n aite, do bhrigh gu'n robh eolas aic' airroimh sin 's an EUean Sgiathanach." <strong>An</strong> 'tu so 'Mhairearad, tha mi rothoilichte t-fhaicinn ; agus cia mar tha thufein agus do phaisdean?"'sinn uile slan, fallaiu, gun fhathgearain, ach ciamar tha sibhse ? Is mormo sholas gu'n d' thainig sibh a dh-iounsuidha' bhaile so. Ochan ! Ochan ! ismi tha toilichte an diugh."<strong>An</strong> deigh do Mhairearad a h-eachdraidha chur an ceill gu mion, poucail ann amfior Ghailig, thubhairt i :" Tha gnothuch beag agam ribh agustha mi'n dochas gun dean sibh e. Soagaibh coig puinnd Shasunnach a chuir mir' a cheile o-n thainig mi do'n aite so, agusgleidhidh sil)h dhomhsa iad air eagal gu'ncaill mi iad.""Tha mi ro thoilichte gu'n deachaidha' chuis CO math leat a Mhairearad, oiris fhada 'bhiodh tu 's an Eilean Sgiathanachniu'u sgrioliadh tu na h-uiread r' acheile ; ach cha ghabh mise an t-airgiodagad idir, agus cha ghleidh mi dhuit e airan doigh sin; ach ma thogras tu cuiridhmi e gu buil u'is fearr dhuit, agus gubuil a bhios chum beagan buannachddhuit, aig an am cheudna."'' Ciod e sin ? Bha duil agam gu'mbiodh e chum feuma dhuibh fein, agus isi ur beatha a ghabhail, a chionn gu'mbithinn gle chinnteach as an uair a dh'fheudadh feum a bhi agam air."" Cha ghabh mi idir e, a ^Mhairearad,air an doigh sin, ach cuiridh mi e a'd'ainm fein 's a Bhanc-caomhnaidh ;gheibhmi leabhar beag air a shon amis an sgriobharsios e, a ghleidheas mi dhuit, agustogaidh e riadh dhuit an sin." Banc-caomhnaidh ! Cha 'u 'eil agamidir air na bancaichean sin. Tha eagalorm nach 'eil iad cinnteach, agus b' fhearrleam gu mor 'n ur laimh fein e."' Gabh thusa mo chomhairle-se, aan urrasMhairearad, agus theid mi feinair nach eagal da. Ach tha urras u'isfearr agad ua mise. Tha Bhanrigh mhaith
:—AN GAIDHEAL. ceud ilhios an t-Samhraidh, 1873.againu fcin an urras air, agiis ciod tiiilleadha dh' iarradli tii? Tha na bancaicheansin a' cur an airgid aca air son teariiinteachdann an sporan mor na rioghacbd,agus gns am brisear an crun Breatunnach,cha' n 'eagal doibh."" O, ma ta, tha mi 'g iarraidh maitheanais,'s ann agaibh fein is fearrtha fios:so agaibh an t-airgiod le beannachd, agusis iomadh fallus cruaidh, goirt a thug eair mo mhalaidh mu 'n do chuireadh r acheile e."'' A nis, a Mhairearad, an uair a bhiosbonn-cruin, no leth-chruin, no sgillinn-Shasunnach agad, gabhaidh am banc e,seasaiilh e an sin ri d' chreideas, togaidhe riadh an ceaim na bliadhna dhuit agusbithidh e an comhnuidh a' fas mor."'' Mo bhcannachd agaibh, ach c'uin, nociamar a gheibhear a mach e a ris ?""Gheibhear a mach e air la sam bith.Gheibhear e gu leir eadar chali)' agusriadh, no gheibhear co beag ris an tastanas aig an aon am, uair sam bith adh'iarrar e."" Nach e tha goireasach, freagarrach,doigheil ! 'S i Bhaniigh fein,— gu robh iair a beannachadh!—a dheanadhan gnothuchgu ceai-t ; oir tha mi cinnteach nachdeanadh Banc Phort-righ againne sin;'s e nach deanadh. Cha ghabhadh e suimCO beag. Ach feumaidh mi a bhi 'falbh.Wile beannachd, — mile taing, — slanleibh."A nis, ciod a dh'eirich do'n bhan-Sgiathanachso, agus d'a guothuichibh anns a'Bhanc-caomlmaidh ? Bha i' tighinn antras' 's a' ris le beagan air son a leabhrainfcin, agus bha i a' gabhail tlachd ann,nach robh aice an toiseach. Mu dheireadhdh'fhag i an duthaich agus an tuathanachas,agus ghal)h i aite beag freagarrach's a' bhaile. Thoisich i air nithe beagaa rciceadh, mar a ta aran, ini, caise,uibhcan, coinnlean, biorana-fadaidh, soda,siopunn, agus an leithide sin. Bha icuramach mu cheartas a dheanamh ri'cuid cloinne. Thug i sgriobhadh, leughadh,agus sgoil-fhuaigheil do no h-ighean-Sgiathanaich dhichioUaich agus ghlic so;agus an uair a dh' innseas <strong>An</strong> Gatdhealdoibh aun am tior Ghailig ciamar athainig i air a h-adhart, chi iad, agustuigidh iad fein, nach biodh, feudaidh e'bhi, aon sgillinn ruadh aice an diugh,na'n diultadh i 's an am sin comhairle acaraid a ghabhail ; agus na'm fagadh imar a bha i a' bagairt, na coig puinndShasunnach aice ann an seotal na cistean aite an cur a stigh do'n Ionad-]Mhalairtsin, far an d' fhas iad uidh air 'n-uidhCO mor ami an aireamh 's a tha iad a nis.Alasdair Ruadh.AN DARA DUANDE SGIALACHD NA TROIDHE ;Air a thionndadh bho Ghreugais HomeirG u Gaidhlig Abraich.Le Eobhan MacLachainn.aibh aice. Dh' fhas iad suas 'n an caileagaibh'S thionsgain glòir bu sheùlta cuairttapaidh, dreachail ;phos iad agus " Fheara cuinn cridhe na Grèig',tha iad a nis 'n an tighil)h fein. Tha A dh' f hoghluim euchd bho Mhàrs namMairearad choir fein 'n a boirionnach buadh,laidir tapaidh, sgairteil fathast, a' cumail Ormsa chàirich lùbh, 's cha b' am,a' bhuth bhig aice mar a b'abhaist, agus Trom-eallach nan ànradh cruaidh.gun a bhi idir dcarmadach air a leabhar Mo ghuin 's mo dhiobhuil an gniomh,beag fein, anns am bheil a nis a cuid Gheall, a's gheall e— 's oian bho 'n la,airgid air mcudachadh gu gle dhluth airda cheud jiuniid Sasuiniach !Leanadh gach bean agiis bantrach, gachGu 'n lom-sgriosainn Troidh nan tiir,'8 tilleadh ait gu m' dhi'ithaich ghràidh ;Nis bho 'n struidh mo mliaoin 's mo loinngu orm f>igfhear agus aosda, gach cosnach agus 'S 'n d' imreadh foill nach b' f hiùgh,ceannard teaghlaich eiseinipleir na ban- Ni cha didein m'fhuighleach truagh,Takbtanadh an Flieachda ; agus aireamhnam Jincachan Grewjach ayus Troidheach.III.( Ab' a leantuinn bho 'n iiirhnh madheireadh. JMòralach air tùs gach dream,Agamemnon dh' oirich suas.Thog e gu rioghail na 'dhòrn,<strong>An</strong> trom cholbli a b' òrbhuidh snuadhDheilbh Bhulcan ant iongnadh grinnMar thiodhlaic do righ nan speur.Thug lòbh i do Hermes àigh—Marbhaich Arguis nan sùl gèur—Bhuilich Hermes i na 'dheigh,Ortsa, Phèloips nan steud luath.'S bho Phelops thainig i nios,Gu deagh Atreus, triath nan sluagh.Atreus dh' f hag an dileab chòrr,'S mheal Thyestes nam mòr-thrèud.Dhealraich i^nis ann an ciiirtAgamemnoin, iùl nan treun ;Chum 's gii'm biodh Argos fo 'smachd,'S gorm-eileanan pailt a' chuain.Leig e 'thaic air a' bhall oir,
;;;—';"!Ceud Mhios an t-Samhraiclh, 1S73.AN GAIDHEAL.Ach teicheadh thair chuan gun chliù.'S e sin òrdugh ti nan ti,'Bheir air righeachd creach no glòir,'Luaisgeas fann-phruip earbsa dhaond','S romh 'n tuit bàbhninn nam faoin-thòrr.Ach fàth mo chiurraidh 's mo nàir',Na chluinneas ant al na 'r deigliCho fad 's a chum por gun mhiaghCòmhrag dhian ri feachd na Grèig'.Feachd is mòrach ainm 's gach tir,A dh' fhas cho diblidh ri uchd cruais.'S gun choltas criche no diiil,Gu 'n crimar an toisg le buaidh.Ka 'n roghnuicheadh Tròidh 's a' GhreigCòrdadh rèidh fo cheangal mhionn,Chimi 's gu 'n gabht' air an da thaobhUil' aireamh nan laoch air cheann,Gu 'n tàimgt' air cothrom an loinLuchd-còmhnuidh baile nan tùr ;'S a' Ghreig roinnt' aig cuilm araon,Deichnear laoch mu bhiadh gach biiird;Ged iarr gach deichnear, mar choir,Aon bho Thròidh gu diol air f ion,Gheobhteadh fad gach cèarn de 'n bhlàrloma tiirlach 's trail! d' a tlhith.Ach 's iad fir 'chomradh ar nàmh—Luchd àitich nam mòr-roimi dh'ith,'Mhiadaich ar n-allaban cràidh,'Bhrisd ar cridh 's a chnàmh ar liiths.Naoidh Bliadhna nan iorghaill cian,Thriall bho shoir gu siar mu 'n cuairt,Ghrod oinm fiiibhaidh nan luath-long,'S ar n-ùr-ghaisreadh thoU a's bhruan.'S goirt, tiirsach ar mnathan gi-aidh,Ar maoth-ijhàisdean chaill an ciall,Na'n suidh' air nochd-làraich fhàis.Gun f husgais gach la mu'r triall.Dleasnas, tiarainnteachd, a's bàigh,'S guth nadair bho ghrimnd gach cleibh,Ag eigheach: fheara mo ridn,Gu 'n diobraniaid ciiis gun f hOum.Teichibh as, le 'r breùchaid bhàrc,Gu àrois ur gaoil thair tuinn.Tha Tròidh fo dhidein nan spt'ur,'8 do 'r neart-ne cha gheill i chaoidh."Laljhair e, 's cho-ghluais am feachd,—Mhiad 's nach d' f hiosraich beachd an righ:Shaoil mar aon gu 'm bu bhreith cheart,'S teas-ghràdh caoimhneil las na 'n cridh.Ghluais iad mar ueart nan garbh thonn,Cuan Icaria doirbh fo ghreamiDeas a's ear a' taosgadh shian,Romh bhaideal nan nial le srann.Mar gheilleas trom-arbhar dliithEomh bhras-tliiiirling nan gaoth niar;Raoin a' luath-shiubhal fo'n stoirm,Na'n tuinn tholgach, fada's cian;Sin mar chiteadh miltean slòigh,A' durtadh a choir nan longCeò-sniomhain bho 'u smiiraich ruaidh,Mhosgladh suas le tartraich bhonn.Ag glanadh claiseau nam bare;Greadhnach an gàir—mòr an uaill,Air ghh-us grad-tharruing gu sail,Fhreagair an speur ard do 'm fuaim.<strong>An</strong> sin, thilleadh a' Ghreig gu tir,Cheart aindeoin gach ni bha 'n dan,Mur b' e gu 'n d' thug Iimo 'n eubhAir ban-dia euchdach nam blàr:'Mo lèir-chreach, 's mo mhianas triiaghA nighean lòbh is uaibhreach sgiath,<strong>An</strong> teich Greugaich ;is thair chuan,Fad romh 'n am gun bhuaidh, gun diol?'S iad a dh' f hàgadh fàth na h-uaill.Do chidrt uaibhreach 's do thuath Thròidh.Helen cheutach nam miami criiidh,A ghluais bàs do mhiltean slòigh,Liuthad Greugach gaisgeil, ur,A dh' èug cian an diithaich ghaoil.'S Paris gun ath-dhiol 'g a chionn.<strong>An</strong> seilljh toradh a mhionn claonAch togs' ort, 's bi sios na d' lèum,Gu feachd Greugach nan ann cruaidh;Grab an triall le d' bhriathran còrr,Los nach sgaoil iad seòl thair stuaidh.(Bi leantidnn.)SGEULACHD DO'N OIGRIDII.(0 '/t Bheurla.)Is e m'ainm Agib. Is mi macRigh nan Ttircach. <strong>An</strong> cleigh a bhaisg'habli mi seilbh air a rioghachd guleir agus dli' fhau mi anus a' bhaileauns an do riuii e comhunidh. Thamo rioghachd air a deanamh a suasde aireamh de oighreachdan aluimiair tir-mor cho matli ri moran deeileanaibh luachmhor. B' e a' chiadrud a rinn mi an deigh seilbh a ghabhail,cuairt a thoirt do na h-oiglireachdanair tir ; an deigh sin dli'oi-duich mi mo chabhlach gu leir abhi air an cur fo Ian nidheam aguschaidh mi do na h-eileanaibh a chimiagiis gu 'm buidhinnimi le m' lathaireachdgean-math mo chuid iochdarainagus gu 'n daighnichinn iad 'nan dillseachd agnis 'u an tairiseachd.Thug na turais-cuain so dhomh deighmhor air seuladaii-eachd, aims an doghabh mi a' leithid de thlachd gu 'ndo chuir mi romham gu 'n gabhaiiman saoghal mu 'm cheann 's gu 'mfaicinu ciod a bha 'gabhail aite antaobh a mach de m' rioghachd fein.
;A clmiu iia criclie so f luiair mi deichliiing-is 11 clnir an <strong>of</strong>dngli, chaidh miair bord air te dhiubli, agns sheolsinn air falbh.Bba ar tnras ro tliaitneach agusgnu biiacadh fad da fliichead latha;ach air a' chiad oidhche tliar da fhicheadsbeid a' gbaoth 'u ar n-agbaidhcbo doiuiomiacb 's gu 'n robh sinn auimpis a bbi air ar calL Dli' aithnmi gu 'n stinireamaid air ar n-aisd' ar dutbaicb fein; ach thng mi anaii-e aig a' cheart am nach robh fiosaig fear-inil na hiinge c' aite 'n robhsinn. Air an deicheamh latlia andeigh so thug aon de na maraicheana chuir sinn do bhar a' chroiuu dhfheucham faiceadh e fearaun, sauasdiiinn nach bu leir dha ni ach anspeur 's an cuan, ach direach airthoiseach oirnn gu 'n robh ar leistiugh dhorchadas.<strong>An</strong> uair a chual' an stiuradair soghrad mhuth e 'chruth agus a' tilgeadha chomhdach-cinnairclar-uachdairna Uiiiige leis an darna lamh,bhuaile an lamli eile air 'uchd agiisghlaodh e, "0, fheara, tha sinn uilecaillte ; cha teid aon againn asagnis le m' uile theomachd agus eolas(;ha'n 'eil e am chomas artearnadh."Dh' fheoraich mi dheth ciod a b'aobhar do leithid de an-dochas.Flu-eagair e, " Tha an doinionn airar toirt cho fada as ar slighe agus gu'm bi sinn mu mheadlion latha ammaireach dluth air a' Bheinu-dhubh,no mèiu na cloich-tharruing a thaeadhon a nis fein a' slaodadh dochuid hungis g'ah-ionnsaidhachionnna tha de dh-iarann ann ad shoithichibh; agus an uair a tbig sinnmar astar araidh do 'n bheinn thacumhachd na cloich-tharruing cholaidir 's gu 'm bi na tairniiean uile airan spionadh a cliathchaibh agusurlar nan soithichean, agus leanaidhiad i-is a' l)heinn air alt agus gu 'ntuit do cliuid luingis as a cheile agustheid iad fodha. A thuille air a so|AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud Alhios an t-Samhraidh, 1873.thaeeu-comasacha'bheiunadhireadh.Air a muUach thacomhdachde phraisghrinn air a chnmail a suas air ceithirpuist phrais agus air 'uachdar sin thaeach prais 'n a sheasamh le marcaicheair a dhruim agus clar luaidheair 'uchd air am bheil sgriobhaineandmidheachd air an gearradh. Thaseaim eachdraidh ag radh gur iad ammarcaiche agus an t-each so is aobhargu 'm bheil de shoithichean agusde dhaoine air aii call 's an aite so,agus gu 'm bi e sgi-iosail do na h-uilea thig dluth dha gus am bi e air athUgeadh sios gu lar."Air do'u stiuradair sgur, ghuil eas ur ; rinu an sgioba gu leir an niceudna agus dh' fhag iad beannachdaig a cheile.<strong>An</strong> ath mhaduinn chunnaig sumgu soilleir a' Bheinn-dhubh. Mumheadhou latha bha sinn cho dluth's gu'n do mhothaich sinn gu 'mb'fhior na chuir an stiuradair airmhanadh ; oir leum na bha de iaruuuagus de thairnnean amis na soithichibha dh-ionnsaidh na beinne lefuaim chruaidh ; chaidh na soithicheanas a cheile agus chaidh au luchdfodha 's a' chuaii. Bha mo dhaoineuile air am bathadh, ach bha Ni-mathtrocaireach dhomh-sa agus chaidhagam air mi fein a thearnadhair mil- briste d' an long a sheida' ghaoth gu tir, direach aig iochdarna beinne. Cha d' fhuah- mian goirteacliadh a bu lugha; agusmar a b' f habhorach bhuail mi ancladach aig aite far an robh margu'm b'eadh staidhir a' suas gu mullachna beinne.Rainig mi am mullach gim sgiorradhsam bith; chaidh mi a stig-li fo'n chomhdach i)hrais agus a' tuiteamair mo ghluinibh thug mi buidheachasdo Dhia airson a throcairean.Chuir mi seachad an oidhche anso. <strong>An</strong>n am chadal thainig seannduine far au robh mi agus thubhaiite "Eisd, 'Agib; cho hiath 's a dhuisg-
Ceud Mhois an t-Samhraidh, AN GAIDHEAL. 75eas tu cladhaich anns an talamh fod'chasaibh : gheobli thu bogha praisagus tri saighdeau Inaidhe. Tilg" uatri saighdean air an each, agus tuitidhe fein agus a mharcaiche annsa'mhuir; air d'a so a bhi deuntaeiridh an cuau a nios gu ruig ampailliim. <strong>An</strong> uair a dh'eireas e, cliithu bata le aon duine innte agusramli aige anns gach lamh; tha anduine so mar an ceudua de mhiotailt,ach eadar-dhealaicbte bbo 'n f bear athilgear sios; leum air bord, ach gunNi-math ainmeachadh, agus leig leisdo stiuradh. Bheir e ann an deichlaithean thu do chuan eile far amfaigh thu cothrom air tilleadh dhach-.aidh do d' dhuthaich fein, air chumhnantmar a dh' aithn mi dhuit, nachtig thu thairis air aimu Ni-math fadan turais."<strong>An</strong> uair a dhuisg mi dh' f hairichmi mi fein gu raor air mo chomhfhurtachadh leis an taisbeanadh agusrinn mi gach ui mar a dh' iarr anseaun duine orm. Thog mi ambogha agus na saighdean as antalamh, loisg mi air a' mharcaicheagus leis an treas saighead leag mi efein agus an t-each.Aig a' cheart amdh' eirich a' mhuir uidh air n-uidh.<strong>An</strong> uair a rainig i casan a phailliuina bha air mullach na beinne, chunnaigmi, fada nam, bata ag iomi-amg'am ionnsaidli agus thug mi taingdo 'nFhreasdal.<strong>An</strong> uair a bhuail am bata tir chaidhmi air bord, a' toirt aire mhaith nachainmichinn Ni-math, ui mo a labhairmi aon fhacal. Shuidh mi, agusthoisich an duine air iomram airfalbh o'n bheinn. Dh' iomair e gunsgui' gus an naoidheamh latha 'n uaira chunnaig mi eileanan eigin, a thugdhomh dochas gu'm faighiim as ogach cunnart roimh 'n robh eagalorm. Bha m' aoibhneas cho mor's gu 'n do dhi-chuimhnich mi anrud air an deachaidh mo chur anearalas ; " Is mor maitheas anFhreasdail, cliu gu'n robh dha!" adeir mi.Cha luaith a bha na facail as mobheul na chaidh am bata agus anduine fodha agus bha mi air mo thilgeadham measg nan tonn. Shnamhmi gu oidhche, ach mu dheireadh. anuair a bha mo neart 'g am threigsinn,thilg tonn cho ard ri beinn mi airtalamh tioram. B'e a chiad rud arinn mi m' aodach a thilgeadh dhiomagiTS a thiormachadh.Air an ath mhaduinn chaidh miair m' aghaidh a dh' f haicinn ciod a'ghne dhuthcha anns an robh mi, chadeachaidh mi ach gle bheagan astairan xiair a chunnaig mi gu 'n robh miann an eilean fasail, ach aillidh, aguse lande chraobhan agus de gach seorsatoraidh. Thug mi mi fein a suas doDhia agus ghuidh mi air gu 'n deanadhe rium a reir a thoile. Air ballchunnaig mi long a' tighinn o thirmor,a iiiith leis, direacli a dh-iounsaidhan eilean. Chaidh mi suas dochraoibh a chum, o mheasg an duillichthiugh gu'm faicinn gun a bhiair m' fhaicinn. Thainig an long astigh do chamas beag, far an d'thainigair tir deich traillean a' giulan chaibeachanagus innealan eile air soncladhach an talamih. Chaidh iadair an aghaidh gii meadhon an eilein,far an do chladhaich iad nine mhorgus an d' thainig iad air dorus aghabhadh togail. Thill iad an sintliun an t-soithich agus chuir iad airtir caochladh sheorsachan de bhiadhagiis buill airneis a ghiulain iad achum an aite anns an robh iad a'cladhach; chaidh iad an sin a siosdo 'n ionad-chomhnuidh fo 'n talamh.Chunnaig mi iad a' dol a ris a chuman t-soithich agus a' tilleadh goirid asa dheigh le seanu duine a throraichair lamh giollan og, eireachdail muthuaiream coig bliadhn' deug a dhaois.Dh' f hosgail iad a' chomhlaagus chaidli iad air fad a sios. <strong>An</strong>uair a thainig iad a nios a ris, dhuiu
76 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceiul Mhios an t-Samhraiclh, 1873.iad an durus, chuiruich iad e le uiragiis thill iad thun a' cliamais far anrobh an long'; acli cha'n fliaca mi angille og''n an ciiideachd. Thug so orma chreidsiini gu'n d' fhnirich e as andeigh aims an nainili.Chaidh an seann duine agiis natiaillean air bord ;tliog iad an siuil,agiis stiiiir iad an cursa gns an tii'o'n d' thainig iad. <strong>An</strong> nair a clmnnaigmi iad cho fad as agus uach b'nrrainn doibh m' f liaicum, thainig mi'nuas as a' chraoil)h agiis chaidh midireach a dli-ionnsaidli an aite aig anfaca mi an talamh air a bhristeadh.Thog mi an uir a lion beag a's beaggus an do rainig mi leac, mu dha notri'throidheanairfad 's air lend. Thogmi 'suas i agus chuimaig mi staidhirchloiche. Chaidh mi 'sios, agusf liuair UÙ aig iochdar na staidhreachseomar mor, soillseach, le brat-urlair;suidheachan grinn le obair ghreisagus cluasagan sioda air au robh anduine og'u a shuidhe. <strong>An</strong> uaira chunnaige mi bha e fo mhor iomaguin;ach rinn mi umhlachd dha agusthuirt mi ris, " Na biodh eagal ort.Is righ mise, agus cha dean midochann sam bith ort. <strong>An</strong> aite sin,is annisdochaguredodheadh f hortana stiuir an rathad mi gu d' shaoradhas an uaigh eagalaich S(j, far ambheil thu a reir coltais air do thiodhlacadhbeo. Ach is e is mo 'tha curde ioghnadh orm (oir cuimhnichgu'm faca mi a'h-uile ni a ghabhaite o-n thainig thu do 'n eilean)gu 'm fuiliiigeadh tu thu fci i a thiodhlacadhanns an aite so gun strithgun chur'n a aghaidh."Air cluiiintinu so do'n duuie ogghabh e beagan misnich agus legnuis shuilbhear dh' iari- e orm suidher'a thaol)h. <strong>An</strong> uair a sliuidh mithubhairt e, "A Phi'ionnsa, cuiiidhm' eaclidraidh iongantas ort. Tham' athair na fhear-malairt sheudan.Tha aige moran thraillean, agusluchd-ionaidanu an iomadcuirtrioghaila' reic a chuid usgraichean. Bhae nine mhor posda m' an robh teaghlachaige. Bhruadair e gu 'm biodhmac aige ach nach biodh a shaoghalach goirid. Greis an deigh sorugadh mise, ni a bha 'n a aobhar airmor aoibhneas amis an teaghlach.Ghal ih m' athair geur bheachd airam mo bhreith agus chuir e a chomhairleri teallsanaich mu thiomchioll nabha an dan domh. Fhreagair iad e,'Bidh do mhac beo gu soua gus anruig e aois choig bliadhu' deug achaig an am sin coinnichidh e ri cunnarto 'm bi e cruaidh dha dol as.Ach ma bhios e cho fortauach 's gu'm faigh e thairis air au am sin bidhe beo gu aois mhor. Tachraidh so'ars iadsan ' aig' au am anus am bi ant-each prais a tha air mullach naBeinne-duibhe air a thilgeadh amis a'chuan le Priounsa Agib, agus, mar atha na reultau a' cur air mhanadhbidh do mhac-sa air a mharbadh leisa' phrionnsa sin, deich agus da f hicheadlatha as a' dheigh sin.'" Ghabh m' athair mor dhragh annam oileiueacliadh gus a'bhliadhna so,agus is i so a'choigeamh bliadhnadeug de m' aois. Fhuair e sauasan de gu 'n deachaidh an t-each praisa thilgeadh anus a' chuan o chionudeich laitheau. Chuir so mor iomaguinair; agus a thaobh faistiuneachduan speuradairean, dh' ullaiche an t-aite-comhnuidh uaigneach sochum mise 'f halach fad nan deichagus da f hichead latha an deigh d'aneach phrais a bhi air a thilgeadha sios; agus uhne sin o-n tha uisdeich laitheau o-u thachair so, thainige le cabhaig gu m' f halach, agusgheall e tilleadh an deigh da f hicheadlatha agus mo thoirt air m' ais. Airmo shon fein, tha mi lau dochais,agus cha 'n urraimi domh a chreidsinngu'n tig Priounsa Agib gu ni'shireadhaim au uainih fo 'n talamh, agussin ann am meadhou eileui fasail."<strong>An</strong> uair a chiiochuaich e thuirt
Ceud MWos an t-Samhraidh, 1873.AN GAIDHEAL.mi ris le mor chairdeas, " Mo ghillecaonxh, earb ami am maitheas Dlie,agiis na biocUi eagal ort i-oimli iiisam bith. Cha 'u fhag mise ihn giisam bi an da fhichead latba aii- dolseacliad mu tliiomchioU an robh naagusspenradairean a cur eagail ort ;iii mi a' li-uile seirbheis dhuit a tbaann am cliomas ; an deigh sin lecead t-athar agiis thu fein glieoblimi de chomhstath an t-aiseag aghabhail anus an long agaibh a dhionnsaidhtir-mor; agus an uair athilleas mi gu m' rioghaclid feincnimhnicliidli mi mo chomain duibhagns bheir mi oidheirp air mo tliaingealaclida nochdadh air mhodh frea-Chuir na briathran so misneach.aims a' ghille og agus lion iad e leearbsa. Thug mi 'u aire mliathnach d' innis mi dlia gu 'm bu niliisea' cheart Agib roimh an robh geilt air,air eagal 's gu 'n togaiun fiamh noamharus. Fhuair mi e 'n a oganachro thuigseach agus chompairtich mid'a chuid loin de 'u robh gu leoiraige a dh-fhoghuachdainu fada oscionn da fhichead Jatha ged abhiodhtuillidh 's mise de dh-aoidhean aige.A dh-aon fhacal, chuir sinn seachadnaoi latha deug thar fhichead annaan ionad-chomhnuidh uaigneach socho taitaeach s ged bhitheamaid annan luchairt an righ.Thainig an da fhicheadamh latha;agus amis a' mhaduiiin an uair adhuisg an t-oganach, thuirt e rium letoQ-inntinn agus aoibhneas nach b'urrainn da a chasgadh," A Phriounsa,is e an dingh an da fhicheadamhlatha, agns cha 'n eil mi marbh, taingdo Dhia agus do d' dheadh chuideachd-sa.Cha dean m' athair dearmadair a thaingealachd a leigeil ris dhuitair son do chaoimhneis dhomhsa agusbheir e gach goireas agus gach ni abhios feimiail dhuit chum tilleadhgu d' rioghachd fein. Ach," ars esan" am feadh 's a tha sinn a' feitheamha thighinn, a phrionnsa mo ghaoil,dean de dh-fhabhor siucar agnsmeasan a thoirt dhomh chum 's gu 'nith mibeagang' amfhiounarachadh."De na measan a bha air am fagailghabh mi a'chuid a b' fhearr aguschuir mi air trinnsear iad ; agns onach b' urrainn domh anias air sgiang 'an geaiTadh, dh' fheoraich mi d'anghille og am b' aithne dha caite 'mfaighiun te ?" Gheobh," ars esan" anus a' bhosdan gu h-ard os mochionn." Chunnaig mi an sgiau guh-ard, ach ann am chabhaig an uaira bha i agam am lamh, air do m' chasdol an ribeadh anns a' bhrat-ni'lairthuit mi gu mi-fhortanach tarsuingair an oganach bhochd, agus chaidhan sgiau anns an uchd aige gu ruigan cridhe.<strong>An</strong> uair a chunnaig mi ciod athachair ghlaodh mi gu craiteach.Bhuail mi mo cheann, m' aodannagns m' uchd ; reub mi m' eudach ;thUg mi fein air an talamh le doilgheasagus bron do-laljhairt. Na 'n taisbeanadham has e fein domh aig anam dh' fhaUtichinn gu toileach e—ach an ni a dh' iarramaid ma'smath no ma's olc e, cha tachaire a reir ar miann. Gidheadh, aircuimhneachadh dhomh nach tugadhmo dheoir no mo bhron air ais ant-oganach gi'inn, agus, air do 'n dafhichead latha bhi nis air tighinngu crioch, gu 'm faodadh athair teaclidorm gun fhios, dh' fhag mi an t-ionaduaigneach, chuir mi an leac air beulan tuill agus chomhdaich mi thau"isle uir i. Chaidh mi a suas air m' aisdo'n chraoibh a chuir fasgadh ormroimhe. Is gann a bha mi shuas anuair a chunnaig mi an soitheach a'dluthchadh ris a' chladach.Thainig an seann duine agus natraillean aii- tii- gu togarach agusthainig iad, le gnuis Ian dochais, adh-ionnsaidh an aite anns an d' fhagiad an t-oganach ; acli 'n uair 'chunnaigiad gu'n robh an talamh air ur
—!————78 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud Mhios an t-Samhraidh, 187ccharacliadli, mliuth iad neul, gu sonruichtean seaun duinc. Tliog iadan leac agus chaidli iad a sios anstaidhir. Gliairm iad an duine ogair 'ainm; acli cha d' fhuair iad freagradli.Lion mor eagal iad. Ranusaichiad in 'an cuaii't, agus mudheireadh fhuair iad e 'n a laidlie airan leabaidh agus an sgian troiudia chridhe, oir cba robli de mhisneacliagam na spion as i. Air faicinn sodhoibh dli' eigh iad a mach airmliodh clio craiteach 's gun do- shilmo dlieoir as ur. Bha an seannduine ti'uagh clio fada ann an neul's gun d' thug iad duil-thairis d'abheatha ; ach thainig e thuige mudheireadh. Thog na traillean leotha t-sealladh.coi'p a mhic, dh' endaich iad ann andeise riorahach e, agus air dhoibhuaigh a chladhach chuir iad innte o.Thilg an seann duine 's e 'u a sheasamhle taice dithis de na trailleanagus a shiiilean a' sruthadh le deoir,a'chiad uir air a' chorp agus an deighsin lion na traillean a suas anuaigh.Air d'a so a bhi seachad, thug iada nios an airneis gu leir agus chuiriad i maille ris na bha air 'fhagail debhiadh, air bord air an long. Chaidhan seann duine, agus e air toirt thairisle bron, a ghiulan air cro-leabaidha dh-ionnsaidh an t-soithich ; thogiad a siuil rithe agus ann ambeagan nine bha iad as anMac-Mharcuis.MARBHRANNdo'n akd cheann-feadhna, an ridire raibeart dick, K.C'.B., K.e.H.A thuit am feadh's a bha e air ceann a reiseamaid a' misneachadh a chuiddaoine aig blar Shohraon, anns a' bhliadlma, 1840.(Chaidh am Marhhrann anaharrach a leanas a dheanamk le DomhnullMac-Fhearghuis an Daikharn. Cliaidh Mac-Fhearghuis a mack doNew Zealand agus cha 'n 'eil fios againn am beo e. Mur beo, tha sinntoilichte gu'm bheil an cothrom so againn clach a chur air a charncuimkneacha/inle aite'thoirt do'n mharbhrann anns a' Ghaidheal.^Air bruachaibh na Sutlish tha armailtean Bhi-eatuinn,Air trom-shreath an naimhdean a ris air toirt buaidh-:Le beo-thein' an sinnsear, a' sguabadh na h-ar-fhaich,Mar fhaloisg an aouaicli air aird' an taoibh-tuath.Mar ])lni()irdi-('iiu na h-ealtuinn, mar leogh'n air a dhusgadh,Mar bhras-shruth a' gharbhlaich, thun mor-shlios a' triall,Tha snas agus giulan feachd ainmeil ar duthcha,loghn'-chuspair na cruinne, a's iul-reul gach ialCha phrabar la-feille 'tha'sireadh na comhraig;Cha dhearrsadh la-faiche 'tha nis air teachd dluth;Cha throm-chinn gun eolas, cha bhorb-ghraisg gun ordugh ;Is minig air ar-fhaich' a bhuannaich iad cliu.Ach gaisge a's seoltachd a' choigrich, is faoin iadA's Breatunn'n a cumhachd a'trialladh g'a choir;Th' ar bratach neo-chearbach, gun smal a's gmi bheuma,A' snamhadh gu bxiadhmhor air cein-thur Lahore,
;—!;——!;—;! ;;—Ceud Mhios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 79Ach 's faileas a's faoineis ar laitliean 's a' cliuairt so;Tha iad mealltacli mar chaoin-shriith—ri sgeulachd, cho gearr;<strong>An</strong> docliair is searbli i—am milis cha bhuan e,Tha coj)an an docliais 'n a bhloighdibh air lar.Le ainneai-t ua doininn tha 'u darach ag aomadh,'N uair's boidheach's is ur-dheas caomh-neoinean an loin;Tha 'n laibhreis gu h-uaine a' crunadh an ard-fhhxth,Ach faic air a cul-thaobh, craobh dhuaichnidh a' bhroinNis fhuair sinn buaidh-lai-ach—buaidh ghlormhor mar 's abhaist,Ach dubh-bhrat' tha 'sgaileadh iar-eilean ar ruinTha 'n t-eilthireach bosdail aig Breatunn fo cheannsal,Ach 's dubhach gach aogas—is deurach gach suil.Tha Albainn a' caoineadh nan gaisgeach nach maireann,'8 tha 'n trom-ghaoii' a' meudach o mliachair gu gleannIs tiamhaidh gach tii"-ghradhaich' an hichairt na morachd,'S am bothan na saorsa, fo dhubhra nam beann.Ach, 'Adholl nan gorm-chhiain, nan dlu-choill' 's nan ard-fhi'ith,Trom-bhuille do dheuchainn co's iirrainn a luaidh?Tha cuspair ard t' earbsa 'n a shuain ann a mhorachd,Thuit e 's a' chomhrag 'n am glacaidh na buaidh.Cha bhreisleach na h-oidliche, cha chlo-shuain na maduinnA sgaoileas mar mhin-cheo 'n uaii- dh' eireas an 1Ò ;Sir Raibeart cha bheo e;— O, duibhre na doruinn!'Thulaich-mhaighte cha phill, O cha phill e ni 's mo<strong>An</strong> caol-thigh na samhchair tha 'n gaisgeach 'n a shineadh,Fad' o dhuslach a shinnsear, Tuhiich aluinn a ghaoil;Cian-astar o 'chaiixlean 's o 'n chomimn bu chaomh leisA choinneach' aig euchd-chhiich — air gorm-bhrat an raoin.D' a dhuthaich bu bheo e, 's 'n a h-aobhar a thuit eA fior mhac gach am e, an comhrag 's an sith'S bidh 'ainm mar an t-ur-dhealt air moch-thrath a' CheiteinLuaidh-molaidh gach beul e 's dearbh dheadh-mheas gach crldli'.Uile bhuaidhean do naduir, 'shar-cheannaird a b' ordheirc',Cha 'n fhilidh le 'mharbhrann a clmireas an ceill ;Glic, fearail, cruaidh, calma an comhairl' 's an gniomh thuTha ar-fhaich a'choimhich ag innseadh an sgeil.A' stiuradh feachd Bhreatuinn le dealas chum comhraig,Mar bu teinne an strith rinn do mhoralachd fas<strong>An</strong> ionad a chruaidh-chas bha 'n t-armunn air 'fhaotainn,Le misneach, a' brosnach' chum buaidh no chum bais.Tha 'n coigreach fein-speiseil, le uaill a's le morchuisA' dulan an leoghainn a 's buadhaile fiamh ;Le 'steiid-each le 'àr-bheab.-t 's le 'throm-shreath gun aireamhA' glacadh a sheudan le saobh-eud a mhiann.—Tha 'n aisling air teicheadh,—tha Breatunn 'nis ullamh,
;!;—!—:; ; :^O AN GAIDHEAL. ceml ^nilos an t-Samhraldh, 1878.A gairdean tha ruisgte, 's a bratach an amiAir raon-chatli do roghnachaidli, 'eiltliirich uaibhricb,R' a c\;mliachd an gleachd thu fo cliuaii-t-veul an la ?Tha 'n aisliug aii* teicheadh,— fo cheannsal Shii' Raibeai't,Tha mor-euchd na 'n ard-shonn a ris air toirt buaidh ;Mar pliriomli-iul na comliraig, fliuair teachdair' a' bhais e,—Tha roglia nan sar air a cliaramb 's an naigb.Mor an ard-thlus a naduir— faic nis ann a bbas e,Le h-iolacb a' caithream fo cbradh-gbuin a leoin;—A neart dlutb 'g a threigsinn, tha 'mliorachd ag eiridh :Tha 'n curaidh 'nis paisgte an trusgan a gbloir !<strong>An</strong> eachdraidh, a tliir-bhreith, bidb ard-ainm sior-mhaireann ;Bidli 'fheartan air iomradh, le mor-thlachd 's le speis,Fo ard-glirian nan Innsibh, air dus-raon na h-Eiphid,—B' e 'h-aobbar a cliùis-san 's dearbh iul-cbairt a reis.Aii" eucbd-shlios na h-Eorpa, chuù- Breatunn fo dhiiiblire<strong>An</strong> sgiùrs-renl a b' airde, 's cbuir gatb-nimb aii- chul ;Am measg nam flatb, bhuain e ard-onaii- a's mor-cbliuAig Burgos a's Maida 's aii* faicli' Waterloo.Dual, dual dhomli am blatb-flileasg an onair an armuinn,—<strong>An</strong> t-seamrag, am fotliannan, 's an t-ur-ros fo bhlathTlia Sù" Raibeart nis clo-bhuailt' air altair a dbutlichadhillseaclid bu mhaireann 's a cbaoimliueas bu tlath.A chahxleas bu pliriseil, 's a chah-dean bu lion-mhor;A's namhaid cha b' eol da ach naimhdean a thir'A mach re gach cian-liun, bidh Sohraon ainmeilMar thraigh fhad' Chorhiw, 's mar chaol Aboukir.A bheanntan gorm, urar, O caoinibh! nis caoinibli;O caoinibh an gaisgeacli 's trie 'dhearc air ur snuadhA ghleanntan tlath, iosal fo dhubhra na dhi-choill',O caoinibh am fior Ghaidheal, treun cheaunard nam buadli!'Ard chomuinn bu ghnath leis a choinneach' an Adholl,A chomhlain 'bu chaomh Icis, O caoinibh an laoch !<strong>An</strong> eilid no 'n ruadh-bhoc, 'chaoidh tuille cha shealg e,A's euchd-chluich cha dhearc e, air ailleachd an raoin.A thuath-cheatharu 'liu dlu dha, 's a chaù-dean 'bu dileas,Bhur soi-aidh bhuan tha 'g eiridh do chuspair ur graidhIs cianail, is leointe, is ti'om-chridheach, bronachA' chuideachd a b' eol da an Tulaich an aigh.'Thulaich-mhaighte ro-aluinn, bu leatsa an sar-shonn'S dorch, duaichuidh air t' ailleachd a dh' eirich an 15 ;<strong>An</strong> caol-thigh a' choimhich tha Sir Raibeart 'n a shineadh,'S chum talla a shinnsear cha phill e ni 's mo
—m!;.;;—;; —Ceiid Mhios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 81KEY A Flat.Slow with Jeelini,'.DH'FHALBH MO NIGHEAN CHRUINN, DONN.^^^g^E^^^iISi;-:si|si:li:d r:-:-|Li:-:d li :- :-^| si/ r~ t^ it—/^:m :r : m Ib:-:— |L: s:m:r|d: — :R.mi P^ J^^E^^ Ep5I Mi^^^^^^i^^i:m r : li : ISiIDh' f halbh mo nigliean chruinu, donn,Uam, do 'n luraidhDh' fhalbh mo nighean chruinn, donnCneas mar eal' air bharr thonn^Och a's och ! mo nighean donn,Dh' fhag thu mi-shunnd orm.'S truagh nach robh mi 's mo ghaolAmi an gleann cubhraidh ;'S truagh nach robh mi 'a mo ghaolRi h-uisg' ann 's ri gaoith'S fo shileadh nan craobhBhitheamaid sunndach.Dh' fhalbh, &o.Nam biodh agamsa spreidh,Bhithinn gle chuirteil,Nam biodh agamsa spreidhFeadh bheann a' s feadh shleibh,B' ur a gheibhinn thu fein,'S cha bu cheil' umpaidh.Dh' fhalbh, &c.(4ed tha thusa an trath-s'<strong>An</strong>n an gleann luraidh,Ged tha thus' ann ad thamh,Tha d' aigne fo phramh,Agus mise gun stath,Le do ghradh ciurrta,Dh' fhalbh, &c.Beir mo shoraidh le gradhUam do 'n luraidh ;Beir mo shoraidh le gradhDh' fhios na h-oigh rinn mo chradh ;'S o nach math leath' mar tha,Tha i fein tursach.Dh' fhalbh, &c.RANNAN DHOIBHSANA mhuinntir mo ghaoil,Coithichibh, coithichibhA mhuinntir mo ghaoil,Cumaibh a suas.Ged bhios sibh 'g ur saruch','S an-dochas 'g ur bathadh,Na geilleadh gu brath dha,A's gheibh sibh a' bhuaidh.Ged bhios an saoghal'G ad thionndadh s 'g ad aomadh,'S tu bitheanta 'saoilsinnGu 'm feum thu bhi nuas.Na cuireadh sud sgath ort,Do 'n smuain thoir a' bhairlinn,A's seas a's bi laidir,A's gheibh thu a' bhuaidh.Ma 's curam an t-saoghail,D'AM FREAGAIR IAD.No eagal roimh dhaoine.No smuaintean air faoineis,A chuir thu fo gruaim ;Bi fearail, bi stuama,A's seas ris a' chruadal,S bheir Freasdal m'an cuairt e,Gu'm faigh thu a' bhuaidhBiodh onair a's ceartasA' cumail do neart riutA's dochas neo-niheata'8 an lamh a ta shuasLe creideamh neosgathach'N a fhocal nach failnich,A's bheir E gach la thuTroimh 'n fhasach le buaidh.Dun-bhallaire,Meadhon an Fhogharaidh, 1872.I. C.
);82 AN GAIDHEAL. ceud Slhios an t-Samhraidh, 1873.TRAITHEAN NA BLIADHNA.(A ir leantuinn o 'n aireamh mu dheireadh.is priomh-aobhar do gach soù-bheachadhagus àgli a tha daoine mealtuinn." Rinn Thu 'n Samhi'adh." ThugDia dhuinn buaidhean-inntinn tridam faod sinn toileachas 'fhaotainnbho na seallaidhean gasda, ciatachleis am bheil an saoghal comh-fasach. Tha 'n cuan mor farsuinggun ghruaim, gun stoirm; tha 'thonnan,a' stri 's a bheucaich aig fois.daichte. Faodaidh sinn g'liocas mor'fhaicinn ann an atharrachadh aimsireanna bliadlma, oir as eughmhais lionmhor anns na h-achaidhean. ThaTha sobhraichean a's neonaineanna seirbhis chudthromaich a tha g-ach 'm fraoch gaganach, badanach a'mios a's raidh a' cuh' an gniomh gu sgeadachadh mullach nam bcann ledileas agus guh-uaigneach,thaearrach culaidh riomhach, agus a' crathadh aa's samhradh a's fogharadh a's geamhradhle'n caochladh sgeimh a's grinneaddaonnan a' buileachadh oirnncomasan nuadha airson aiteas a'stoilinntinn fhaghail. Na'm Ijitheadhan geamhradh gach am ann a' rioghachadhleis fein thaiiùs air uilemhiosan na bliadlma, dli' fhasamaidsgith, airsneulach, agus bhitheadh arcothrom air sonas saoghalta 'fhaireachduinn's a mhealtuinn guh-anabarrachail- a luglidachadh. Tha againnanns an ni so fein, mata, nochdadhsoilleir agus dearbhadh laidir air ciaCO grasmhor, caoimhneil, glic's a dh'orduich Dia gach ni. "Rinn Thusa,O Dhia, an Samhradh!"Is e so an trath anns am bheil a'chuibhrionn a's momha agus a's firinnichede aghmhorachd agus dethlusalachd air a mhothuchainn. Tha'n aimsir a nis ann an tomhas morceangailte a's suidhichte, agus chaIs aiin blio Dliia a mhain a tlaasonas agus soirbheacliadli a' srutliadh.Is e a dlieasaich solus agus gi'iau, agusa shuidliich uile cliriochaii na talnih-'u'eil na neoil ach ana-minic a' folachainn. Is e sgaile faoin de 'n ghliocas aghaidh na greine. Tha sunnddo-rannsucliadh a tlia 'tuiueacliadh a's gean a's subhachas a' lionadh anann fein a tha r'a fhaicirm arms na t-saoghail. Cha 'n 'eil e comasach dogniomharau treuna a's aims nacleacliduiuneaniongantacli air am blieil eadhon a bhi air a chradh gu goirtdhuine air bith, ged dh 'fhaodas edaoine le ioghiiadli a' sinuaiiiteachadh,agus a dli-ionnsuidh am bheil tachadh ann an tomhas beag no morle trioblaid no le euslaint, gun aon-an aire air a tarruiug aù- gach taobli. leis an ailleachd agus leis an t-sonasCeart mar is e Dia a rinn air tus a' a tha air an seideadh le aileadhglirian a riagliladli an latlia, agus a' an t-samhraidh fein. Tha sgeadach-ghealach a riaghladh na-h-oidlicheceart mar is e a roinn a' bhliadlma'ii a ceithir tratlian, is e mar an ceudnaadh na talmhaiim agus nan speurco-ionnan ann an tosdachd agus annam boidhichead. Tha 'ghrian annsan iarmailt shuas a' dortadh a nuasa gathan priseil, dealrach, glan,agus a' giulan aiteis a's aoibhneis adh-iomsuidh gach neach a's ni, gachfonn a's comhnard, gach cnoc a'schinn agus ag aomadh ann an osagchiuin an anmoich; tha gach failleana's fiuran urail, dosrach, agus anog-mhaduiun mar an ceudna luchdaichtele druchd a tha 'dearsadh annan solus og na greine. Co a ghabhasbeachd air so, co a thriallas thairisair a' liughad comharradh gliocais 's atha nis r'a fhaicinn, nach aidich leioghnadh, gur e Dia a rinn an Samhradh."Is e Dia a rimi sinn 'n ar creutaii-eana tha comasach air sonas arda shealbhachadh. Faodaidh sinn achreidsinn gu'in bheil tlachd aigbruidean na machrach fein ann anteachd steidhichte an t-samhraidh,
:Ceud Mhioj an t-Saraliraidh, 1S73. AN GAIDHEAL. 83gidheadh clia bliuin e dlioiblisan aichte bho reachdan naomlia an Tighearna.Is e so aideachadh Sholaimhaobhax^ an atharrachaidh so a thuigsinnno ,a ranusucliadli. Clia'n 'eil aig an robh maoin a's beartas romhoran deigh dha 'radh 'n a chridhecomasau aca air a' shon. Tha iadnan doigh bhalbh neo-reusonta fein a' " Teann a nis, dearbhaidh mi thu lecomhlionadh ruin an Ti a cruthaich subhachas. Uimesin meal am maith."iad mu'n deibliLiin, ach tlia iad gu <strong>An</strong> deigh dha oibrean mora dheanamh,tur aineolach aii- fior ailleaclid a's garachan agus liosan ckrann-mheas jmaisealachd nan seallaidhean a tlia an deigh dha airgiod agus or a charnadhsuas dha fein agus ionmhas son-mu'n cuairt doibli. Na'm bitheamaidas eugmhais nam buadlian arda, ruichte nan righ 's nam mor-roinn, agusfiachail a tha 'g ar togail gu mor oscionnainmhidhean na machrach, thoirt doibh—b'e so a bheachd air agach ni a mhiannnich a shiulean acha bliitheadh comas againn air fiamli mhorachd shaoghalta uile, nach robha's grinnead a's ciatachd an t-saogliail'fhaicinn, no subhachas inntinn atharruing asda. Cha bhitheadh e'n a chulaidh aoibhnis co mor dhuinna bhi 'dearcadh gu mionaideacli airoibrean an Tighearna. Ach chruthaichDia sinn " 'n a dhealbh 's a reii'a choshiis fein;" agus air an aobharso, is urrainn duinn beachdachadhle tlachd air na comharan air gliocasa's caoimhneas Dhia 'tha traithean nabliadhna 'giulan; is urrainn duinnar n-aire 'shocrachadh air sgeadachadhfonnmhor, eireachdailna talmhainn,agus eigheach a mach le cridheachauiriosal, taingeil, "Rinn Thusa,Dhia, an samhradh!"Tha sinn a' foghlum uaithe so, maran ceudna, gu'm bheil gach sonas fioragus ceart a' tighinn bho Dhia amhain. Is e so firinn a tha clannnan daoine 'n an staid gu nadurramall a chreidsinn, oir tha iad a'dearbhadh gu soilleir le'n comhluadarpeacach mi-naomha, agus ceannairceach,nach ann an comhlionadh toilan Tighearna a tha iad deonach a'siarrtusach sonas a shii-eadh. Thaiomadh dearbhadh muladach, iomadhdearbhadh nach gabh aicheadh nocuir air chul a' tachairt oirrn an sudagus an so a tha 'foillseachadh gusoilleir nach 'eil ach faoineis agusamaideachd uamhasach ann a bhi 'g iarruidhsonais ann an gnathachadh noann an gniomh air bith a tha deal-ach diomhanas anus an iomlan agusbuaireadh spioraid, agus nach robhtairbhe ann fo 'n ghrein.Cha-n'eil an t-aobhar fada r'a iarruidha tha 'deanamli gach maith a'saoibhneas saoghalta neo-chomasachair sonas a chosnadh. Saoilidhdaoine gu minic gu'm bheil sonas aca'n uair a tha iad air an cuairteachadhle saoirbhreas, le urram a's onoir;ach cha'n 'eil an dochas a tha iad agaltrum fior no ceart. Oir cia mar'surrainn do'n spiorad neo-bhasmhora bhuineas duinn a bhi air a riarachadhno air a shasachadh leis an niris an canar aighear saoghalta. Is annbho Dhia a mhain tha sonas fior a'sruthadh.Ni esan da rireadh samhradlia chompartachadh riusan achoimheadeas a reachdan gu dichiollachagus gu faicilleach.Faodaidh sinn, lios 'fhoglum bhona briathran so, " Einn Thu anSamhradh," gur e Dia ughdar gachsoii'bheachaidh. Ged dheasaicheasan tuathanach am fearann agus achuireas e an siol ann, gidheadh cha'nfhas e agus cha ghiulain e toradh aseugmhais nam frasan Ijlatha 'tha'sileadh air. Chan 'eil e ach a' gnathachadhnam meadhonan. Buinidhe do chumhachd a's aii'de an run abha aige ann an cuir an t-sil a choimhlionadhagus a chi'iochnachadh. Ciode a's luach do neart 's do spionnadhdhaoine? Cha 'n 'eil ann aig a' chuid
84 AN GAIDHEAL. ceud MIiìos an t-Samhraidh, 1873.a's fearr ach anmlminneachd agus esan a mhain soirbheachadh ceai't,neoni. Do bhrigli, mata, nach fhaodar tirinneach, agus blasaidh e milseadso aiclieadli, o-n dh 't'luaimai' aideacliadknach 'oil ach laigse 's breoiteachdan t-sonais agus an t-soirbheachaidha's gealtachd anns gach oidheirp a'sdichioll a nithear le daoine, chitheargu furasda ma tha soirbheachadh ri choir.bhi air a mhealtuinn, gu'm bheil iula's comhnadh a's cuiuhachdaiche adh-easbhuidh. Ni dichioll a's durachdmoran gun teagamh ann angnothuichean saoghalta, agus is minica tha daoine 'tha dealasach, aghartacha' ruigheachd air seasamh ard 's airsoirbheachadh mor, gidheadh chan'eilsoirbheachadh fior a' sruthadhach bho aon tobar. Cha'n'eil achsoii-bheachadh mealltach agus neosheasmhacha' tighinn bho aimhnicheanan t-saoghail so. Mar dhearbhadhair an ni so, thugaraaid faineara' chrioch bhronach gus an d' thainiga choimhlion righ am raeasg nanludhach 's a shaoil ann an ai'dan aspioraid 's ann an morachd a neirt,gun robh eolas a's tuigse aige fein achum a dheanadais uile 'riaghladh guceart as eugmhais stiuradh an Ti a'sro-airde. Nach minic a dh 'eirich guh-olc dhoibh an uair a dh' iuntrig iadann an comhrag an aghaidh feachdanmora an naimhdean ! Nach iomadhbron a's tuireadh a's iarguinn cliraiteacha thug baoghaltachd nan uachdaranair na h-Iudhaich bhochda ! <strong>An</strong>uair a rinn iad dearmad air stiuradhan Tighearna iarruidh 's a leantuinn,cha do bhuaidhich iad thairis air annaimhdean, ni mo a phill iad a dhionnsuidhan ionadan comhnuidhfein le gairdeachas a's greadhnachas.Le comhluadar mi-naomha, mi-bheusacha's ardanach cha shoirhhich Diaam feasda oir tha 'leithid so de nigu buileach eadar-dhealuichte bho'nadur fein agus cha 'n 'eil tlachd nospeis no baigh aige ris. <strong>An</strong> dreama ghliiaiseas gu direach, coir, a's adh'iarras comhnadh a's cuideachadhan Tighnarna, raealaidh esan agussin a tha bunaiteach, maiseach a'stlachdmhor, oir da-rireadh rinn Diasamhradh airson an duine ionraic,(Ri leantuinn.)CONA.MAR A CHUMAR BEO A'GHAIDHLIG.'Fhir Ullachaidh, — Ceadaichdhomh facal no dha a radh mu dheibhinnna Gaidhlig. Tha a' cheist gubitheanta air a f'arraid— Ciamar achumar beo i ? Bha cuid a' comhairleachadhOilthigh a chur suas annan I-Chaluim-chille; agus tha cuid,mar tha Comunn Gaidhlig Lunnainn,ag iarraidh Cathair-Ollaimh a bhi aira suidheachadh ann an Dun-eideannno ann an Glaschu air son ard-fhoghlumaicheGaidhlig. Gun teagamhtha e fior fheumail sin a dheanamhagus sgoilean Gaidhlig a lionmhorachadh.Is fior dhidlich leam aradh gur gle bheag de na tha 'tighinnde Ghaidheil do na cearnaibh so a 'surrainn an cainnt fein a leughadh,agus iadsan a's urrainn a leughadhcha'n urrainn iad a sgriobhadh noidir cunntas a dheanamh innte. Bumhiann leam gach Gaidheal seanagus og, firionn agus boirionn, a bhicomasach air cainnt an sinnsearachda leughadh agus a sgriobhadh air a'chuid a bu lugha. Bhiodh e morfheumailgu'm biodh iad eolach aircuid de na h-ealaidhean, oir thuigheadhiad n'a b' fhearr iad anns a'Ghaidhlig; gu sonruichte Uidhreachdas(Mathematics), Cè-thomhas (Geometry),agus co-dhiubh, dhiubh,Innleachdas (Mechanics). Tha Cèeolas(Geography) agus Aireamhdaireachd(Ariihmeiic) ro fheumail mar
;Ceud MhoiB an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 85an ceudua cho math ri moran eilenach d' ainmich mi.Ach, gu tilleadh a chum na ceist,Ciamar a chumar a' Ghaidhlig heo'lIs i so mo bharail-sa : Ged a bhiodhCathair Ghaidhlig agus OllamhGaidhlig ann an Dun-eideann agusagus ann an Glaschu gu 'n teid a'Ghaidhlig has. Cha'n eil teagamhnach cumadh iad air chuimhne i mara tha iad a' cumail na Greugais agusna Laidinn, ach c' aite 'm bi sluagha bhios 'g a labhairt? Gun sluaghgun chinneach gu a cleachdadh 'd ean toirbh a bhios 'n a cumail airchuimhne?Cha bhi ach do bheagansgoilearan ma dh' fhaoite gu uaill adheauauih as an aireamh chanaineananns an robh iad ionnsaichte. <strong>An</strong>is their mi so ri gach neach a thadeigheil air a cumail beo, " Cum ansluagh a tha 'g a bruidhinn beo agusri 'cheile ; na leig doibh a bhi air ansga-padh do gach cearna d' an t-saoghal ; cum sgoilean 'n am measgoileanaich iad agus tuinicheadh iadle 'cheile agus cha teid a' Ghaidhligbas." Cha 'n 'eil mi a' ciallachadh ancumail an Gaidhealtachd Albainn, 'smi nach 'eil; tha tuilleadh 's a' choirde bhochdainn ann, ach 's e 'tha mi'ciallachadh, an fheadhainn a thadeigheil air a cumail air mhaireann,gu 'n deanadh iad doigh gu'm biodhna Gaidheil a dh' f hagas an duthaichcruinnichte anns an aon tir far angnathaich iad an canain t'eiu. Shaoilinnna'm biodh na Gaidheil " gualainnri gualainn" mar a bha iad rilinn nan Roimheach aig a' Mhonadh-Gharbh gu 'n rachadh aca air Tuineachas(Colony) a chur air aghai'tdoibh fein far am biodh a' Ghaidhligair a steidheacliadh mar chainnt naduthcha; far am biodh am Parlamaid's an Cuirtean-lagha a' labhairt naGaidhlig;far am biodh am marsantaa' cumail a leabhraichean 's a' chainntcheudna; far an ionnsaicheadh iadan cuid cloinne anns gach foghlumagus ealaidh ann an cainnt bhrioghmhornan Gaidheal.Faigheamaid tir anns an dean sinntuineachas agus rachadh gach Gaidheala dh' fhagas a dhuthaich a chomhnuidhinnte. Deanadh na Gaidheilmar a rinn am brathairean Cuimreach(WelsJi) mu 'n bhliadhna 1860, ma 'smath mo chuimhne; nach do rinn iada suas Cuideachd gu Tuineachas ashuidheachadh gu ciimail a suas ancanain? Fhuair iad fearann o 'n ArgentineRepublic, America-chinn-adeas.Tha e 'n a chumhnant eatorragu 'm bi iad air an aideachadh marStata an uair a ruigeas an aireamhfichead mile anam. Tha faisg airdeich mile de Chuimrich anns a'chearn sin d'an t-saoghal a' gnathchadhan canain fein anns gachgnothuch a's malairt. Leanadh naGaidheil an eiseimpleir; faigheadhiad tir; deanadh iad Tuineachas;imricheadh iad agus fanadh iad anngus am bi iad 'n an ciuneach 's 'n ansluagh le an canain bhlasda fein beoagus 'g a labhairt aig gach am agusanns gach aite. Faigheadh iad amfearann air shaor-chunradh margheibh iad ann an Canada. Cha 'n eidir fearann a nasgaidh a tha 'dhithorra ach comas imrich agus Ion achumas iad gus am faigh iad as antalamh e, agus an sin paigheadh iaduiread 's an acair gus am bi am fai'adhanIon agus a riadh paighte; nadheigh sin buineadh am fearanndoibh fein. Cha 'n 'eil teagamh nachrachadh gu leoir ann de dhaoine abhiodh comasach air am faradh feina dhioladhagus d'am faoidte tuilleadhfearainn a thoirt; ach cha ruig mileas bruidhinn mu laghannan fearainnma 'm faigh sinn am fearann. Aonni their mi agus is e so e, ma chuireassibh air aghart Cuideachd Tuineachasnan Gaidheal (a Gaelic ColonizingCompany), agus gu 'n sgaoil sibh ansgeul feadh nan duthchanaibh so, thami 'smaointeachadh nach bi Gaidheil
.;86 AN GAIDHEAL. ceua MIuos an t-Samiiraidh, 1873.Australia ah- deireadh gu comhnadha dheanamh ribh,— co dlimbh, amfear nach deanadli, cha b' fhiacli eGaidheal a radii ris agus bu iiiliathan aii-idli ged a dlieantadli traill dhetliuile laitliean a blieatha! Na 'ndeanadli iad a suas cuideachd chuiriiinfan comhair gu 'm bheil eileanaig ceaun tuatli Australia a tba milede mhiltean air fad agns tri cLiadmileairleud,abliuineasdoBlireatunn,anns nach 'eil iieacli acli daoinedubha, fiadliaich, ach a tha a reir gachcunntais a fhuair sinn fior reachdnilioranil an talamli agus ann ammèinean. Tlieagamli gu 'n tugadhan uaclidaranachd doibh e, agusbliiodh farsuingeachd gu leoir aig naGaidlieil gu fas lionmlior ann.Tha mi an dochas gu 'n tog sibhsear giith 's an aobhar o-ii 's aim agaibha 's feaii- comas labhairt. Codhuinidhmi an sgriobhadh so leguidhe gu 'n eiricli gu math dhuibhanns an oidlieirp a tha sibh a' toirtair leas nan Gaidheal a chur air'aghaidh.— Is mi ur caraid dileas,Australia,Ciad mhioa na bliadhna, 1873.1TOIMHSEACHAIX.D. B.Theifl e 's an teine 's cha loisgear eTheid e air bord 's cha 'n itliear e ;'8 theid e 's a' chiste 's cha ghlaisear e.2. Tighean beag soluis 's a dha dhorusduinte.3. Crioga-tu, craga-tu cruaidh,'S cruaidh craiceann do dha lamh ;Do shuilean am meadlion do chleibh,A's t' f heoil am meadhon do chnanih.4. Bean bhcag mhoganach,Suidhidh i taganach,Bidli i torach 'h uile bliadhna,'S bidh laogh beag, geal aice.Fkeagairteax do na Toimbseachainanns an aireamhmu dheircadh:— 1, Nathair; 2, Roth a' mhuilinn ; 3, Groideal ; 4,Luachair; fi, Abel mac Adhaimh a-uaJ^ubha.NAIDHEACHDAN.Tha Naidheachd chianail air tighinna nail à Xova Scotia mu challdach rodhiubhalach a thachair air corsa HaVfax.Ruith smuid-shoitheach anabarrach eireachdaild' am b' ainm a.n Atlantic air tiragus chaidh or cionn coig ceud pearsa achall.Tha Albainn gu leir o Mhaol Chmntiregu Barra air ghluasad an di-ast a' cur airleth nan comhlan a tha gus na sgoilean ariaghladh fo 'n achd ur a thainig a machan uiridh. Tha sinn an dochas gu 'm bian t-achd, fo stiuradh nan comhlan so, 'na bhuannachd mhor do Albainn agus 'n amheadhon air eolas agus fiosrachadh achraobh-sgaoileadh am fad 's am farsuingeachdam measg oigridh na duthcha.Tha gach gne loin agais theachd-an-tirf hathasd ro ard am pris ach tha sinn toilichte'radh gu 'm bheil gu leoir de cheird's do chosnadh amis gach aite, clio mathri tuarasdail arda. Tha gual agus iarunngu math a nuas ann am pris ach tha emor orra gu 'n tig iad am feasd air an aischo iosal 's bha iad.Jacal 'fi an Bcalachabh.Lachunn Claon.—Tha Lachunn Claona' gearan gu 'm bheil sinn a' toirt tuilleadh's a' choir de aite do chuid d' arcairdean anns a'GHAiDHEAL, agus nach'eil obair cuid eile ri 'faicinn idir. Ma thaan ni a gheobhar againn fallain agus biasdanach coma le Lachunn co bho 'n d'thainig e. Tha a' chuid mu dheireadhd'a ghearan fior gu leoir: tha moran d' ammath a b' urrainn cuideachadh leiiin nach'eil a' deanamh a' bheag air bith ach a'talach air muinntir eile; mar a bha an cuanns a' plirasaoh, nach itheadh an siol efein agus nach leigeadh le creutair eile'itheadh. Cuireadh Lachunn coir rudeiging'ar n-ionnsaidh as a bheairt feinagus chi e gu 'm faigh sinn aite dha.Seumas. — Cagar beag: Na bi cho deasgu burraidh a dheanamh de d' sheise, gunf hios nach faod cuid-eigin eile burraidh adheanamh dhiot f hein.Tha ar cairdean tuilleadh 's lionmhorair son buidheachas f haighinn fa leth airan ainm. Mile taing Ao Alasdair Ruadh ;chi e gu 'n do rinn sinn buil de chuid dena cliuir c thugainn agus tha sinn andochas gu 'n dean ar luchd-leughaidh builniliath d'a chomhairlcau. Buaidh a'spiucach Icis!
;THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.isKA.-^,isrs-CELTIC CONVERSAZIONE.Last mouth a conversazione washeld in the Museum <strong>of</strong> Science andArt, under the auspices <strong>of</strong> the EdinburghHighland Clubs, for the benefit<strong>of</strong> the fund at present being raisedtowards the endowment <strong>of</strong> a CelticChair in the University <strong>of</strong> Edinburgh.The clubs represented were the Argyle,Dumbarton, Perth, Inverness,Ross, Sutherland, and Caithnessassociations, and about 800 ladies andgentlemen attended the demonstration.Guests as they arrived werereceived at the entrance to the greathall by the Right Hon. Lord Colonsay,and thereafter they dispersedamong the various departments andgalleries <strong>of</strong> the Museum, where theyinspected the numberless rare, beautiful,interesting, and costly exhibits.Many <strong>of</strong> the gentlemen were atth-edin full Highland costume, and whatwith the gay dresses <strong>of</strong> the ladies, andAmongthe frequent recurrence <strong>of</strong> the "garb<strong>of</strong> old Gaul," the Museum presentedan animated and picturesque aspect.During the promenade the band andpipers <strong>of</strong> the 93d Highlanders playedalternately a selection <strong>of</strong> music, embracingpeculiarly Celtic aii-s.those present were—Lord Colonsay,Sir Alexander Grant, Bart., Principaland Vice-Chancellor <strong>of</strong> EdinburghUniversity, and Lady Grant; ClunyMacpherson <strong>of</strong> Cluny, Pr<strong>of</strong>essorBlackie, Rev. Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Macgregor,Mr. E. S. Gordon, M.P., Dean <strong>of</strong>Faculty; the Lord Provost and Mrs.Cowan, Rev, Dr. M'Lauchlan, Sherifi"Nicolson, Mr. Alexander Paterson <strong>of</strong>Holly Lodge, 'Mr. William Macdonald,High School; Col. M'Neil <strong>of</strong> Redford,Mr. T. Mackenzie, W.S.; Mr. ColinMacrae, W.S.; Mr. T. Brodie, W.S.;Mr. John Logan, W.S.; Mr. JohnCarment, S.S.C.; Dr. Ferguson, Mr.R. T. Macintosh, Mr. WilliamM'Phie, Mr. M. M'Phail, Mr. J.Jack, Captain Munro, Mr. JohnMacdonald. Mr. John Maclaren, publisher;Mr.' W. N. Eraser, S.S.C.Mr. Murray Grahame <strong>of</strong> Murray'sHall; Bailie Howden, Bailie Campbell,Greenock, and a deputation fromthe Glasgow Celtic Society.After the promenade the assemblageadjourned to the Lecture Hall,where Lord Colonsay took the chah-.Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Macgregor stated thatLord Colonsay was not al)le to speakso as to be heard, and his Lordshiphad accordingly reqviested him to saya few words by way <strong>of</strong> ojiening theproceedings. He was sure they weregi-eatly obliged to Lord Colonsay forhaving done them the great honour<strong>of</strong> presiding at such an importantgathering. He (Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Macgregor)had a special interest in the matter <strong>of</strong>the Celtic Chah- for the University <strong>of</strong>Edinburgh, and he might be allowedto suggest that were the ladies andgentlemen present to try and do alittle towards getting funds for theendowment <strong>of</strong> that chair, the businessmight easily be accomplished. Subscriptioncards were being prepared,and would be left at the booksellers,where ladies might procure them. Ifeach <strong>of</strong> a number <strong>of</strong> ladies were toendeavour to procure subsci'iptions tothe extent <strong>of</strong> £10 or £20, the chairmight be endowed within a year.(Hear, hear.)
'——THE GAEL. Slay, 1873.Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Blackie, who was receivedwith cheers, said he had beenrequested to deliver an address, andhad been allowed to choose his ownsubject. But it Avas hinted to him,and he saw from the programme thathe would not be stepping out <strong>of</strong> hisown habitual shop and would bewalkingdirectly into their sympathies,were he to make a few remarks on theGaelic language. (Applause.) <strong>An</strong>yremarks on that subject would be extremelyappropriate not only to theoccasion, but to the audience, becausethe most <strong>of</strong> them were Celtic born or<strong>of</strong> Celtic sympathies. HoAvever, hewas not bound to suppose that eventhe majority <strong>of</strong> them knew anythingat all about Gaelic. (Laughter.) AsPr<strong>of</strong>essor Wilson's brother used tosay, "Gaelic is a language Avhich fewpersons can read and nobody canspell." (Renewed laughter.) Heassured them that he had found thisto be only too true, for going intoHighland manses, where they expectedto get everything good, hesometimes found fine young ladiesmounted in the latest West Endtoggery, and in every way engagingexcept one—they did not know aword <strong>of</strong> Gaelic, though their oldfathers preached in Gaelic on the Sundays,and though they heard it, oneone woid
May, 1873.THE GAEL.the older as a whole; but he covildprove distinctly that Gaelic was moreworn out in the course <strong>of</strong> time byfrequent rubbing than Latin. Thenext point he wished to direct attentionto was the lineage and kinship<strong>of</strong> the Gaelic language. That was,he thought, perfectly well scientificallyknown. That was not known, however,very many years ago. Herecollected a book written l)y a Mr.Kennedy, in which that gentlemancompared a great number <strong>of</strong> languages,Persian, German, Sanscrit, Greek,and Latin, and he declared that Gaelichad no affinity with any known languageunder the sun. If Mr. Kennedyhad begun to count the numbers onhis fingers in Gaelic, he would haveseen they were the same as Latin.(Laughter and aj^plause.) It was nottill 1730 that it was generally admittedthat Gaelic was a I'egulaiorthodox,full-blooded member <strong>of</strong> thegreat Aryan or Indo-European family<strong>of</strong> languages, in which year Pritchardpublished his book on the subject.The Aryan family <strong>of</strong> languages tookits name from a word derived from aHanscrit root signifying respectable orreputable. Originally it was thelanguage <strong>of</strong> the leading classes on thehigh tableland <strong>of</strong> Persia, who divided,one half going east into Hindostaii,and the other west into Europe.Gaelic, tlierefoi-e, was one <strong>of</strong> theoldest branches <strong>of</strong> this family. Caremust, however, be taken to distinguishthis branch altogether from the Semiticfamily, <strong>of</strong> which Hebrew was thebest known language. There was norecognised affinity between the Semiticlanguages and the Aiyan. He(Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Blackie) had written toPr<strong>of</strong>essor Max Miiller not long ago,asking him whether the most learnedpliilologers <strong>of</strong> Germany—who werethe greatest philologers in the world—had made any satisfactory researchesscientifically into the Hebrewlanguage to prove whether, atbottom, it might not eventually betraceable to the Aryan family. Pr<strong>of</strong>essorMax Miiller replied that somebelieved it possible, some thought itprobable, but he added it was a slipperyquestion, and he (Pr<strong>of</strong>essorBlackie) had better let it alone.(Laughter.) His Scotch caution hadtaught him that before.(Renew^edlaughter.) It was said that Gaelicwas very closely connected with Hebrew.He did not believe a word<strong>of</strong> it, and he warned his hearersagainst entertaining any such nonsense,whether spoken by D.D.'s orLL.D.'s, or any other person.(Laughter.) There was no otherthan a fanciful connection betweenHebrew and Gaelic ; and he mightbe allowed to say that fancy was acunninggentleman — (laughter)—andthat there was no kind <strong>of</strong> madnessthat so easily got into a man's brainas etymological madness. (Renewedlaughter.) He had heard curiousnonsense talked <strong>of</strong> this kind. Heoiice heard a Highland ministertalk <strong>of</strong> the connection betweenGaelic and Hebrew. "There yousee, sir, is the word Jehovah.""Well," said I (continued the Pr<strong>of</strong>essor)," I hope I know that word."" Well, that word is composed <strong>of</strong>three Gaelic words." " I said I knowa little Gaelic and a little Hebrew,and I will be happy to hear whatyou have to say about that word.""Well," said the minister, "there isDia— -that is the Gaelic for God;then there is tha, which means is,and hlui, which is vias— Dia-tha-bha—God was and is." (Great laughter.)Was not that extremely ingenious?but it was stark nonsense;in fact, there never was greater nonsense.The learned Pr<strong>of</strong>essor thenwent on to state that he had pro<strong>of</strong>that Gaelic was an elder sister <strong>of</strong>Latin. He had gone through the
,)90 THE GAEL. May, 1873.Gaelic dictionary thrice—think <strong>of</strong>that! a most ca})ital amusement fora rainy day in tlie Highhinds — (laughter)—andhe had made up a list <strong>of</strong>between 400 and 500 Latin wordsin it. Examples <strong>of</strong> these the Pr<strong>of</strong>essorquoted, and continued^Thesewords were not piit down by the oldmethod <strong>of</strong> conjecture, but by thenew and true method <strong>of</strong> lingualaffinity—the affinity <strong>of</strong> letters to oneanother. There were in Gaelic agreat number <strong>of</strong> words not referableto Latin, but were Teutonic, and adispute existed among philologists asto whether Teutonic or Latin rootspredominated in Gaelic. The questionwas what was the character <strong>of</strong>the language and its relations toLatin and other languages. It wasgenerally supposed that the Gaelicwas a very barbarous, liarsh, andgutteral language. Not long agoeven the fashionable language <strong>of</strong>Germany was said to be harsh, whilenow it was said to be a language forgods and philosophers. (Laughter.)In fact, all people spoke <strong>of</strong> a languagewhich they did not undei's-tandas barbarous and harsh. Besidesthere was the superstition <strong>of</strong> JohnBull in this matter. (Laughter.)John Bull had no gutteral or aspiratein his language. He could not pronounce"he." John Bull was anoble animal, but that was one <strong>of</strong> hisdefects. (Laughter.) This aspirationor breathing was the simplestthing for the human organs to do.It was not harsh at all, but s<strong>of</strong>t, andwas one <strong>of</strong> the commonest sounds in(Laugh-Greek as well as in Gaelic.ter and applause.) <strong>An</strong>other peculiarity<strong>of</strong> Gaelic was that they werefond <strong>of</strong> s<strong>of</strong>tening l)y aspiration thehard initial consonants <strong>of</strong> words.His fault with (jlaelic was that itwas s<strong>of</strong>tened too much. (Laughter.)He would, however, say further inits praise, that it combined somevery beautiful dipthongal and liquidsounds which the English languagedid not possess. Gaelic possessed aliterature, and held the very historicfoundations <strong>of</strong> all the old literature<strong>of</strong> this country. No man couldexamine into the early documents <strong>of</strong>the country before the time <strong>of</strong> INIalcolmCanmore without knowingGaelic, and a great amount <strong>of</strong> thepi-ejudice and <strong>of</strong> the ignorant traditionsthat existed had been causedfrom a want <strong>of</strong> a knowledge <strong>of</strong> Gaelic.The Gaelic language contained some<strong>of</strong> the most beautiful descriptivepoetry to be found anywhere; heconfessed there was no more beautifuleven in Greek. (Laughter andapplause.) Though some peopleaverred tliat the Gaelic language wasdying, and said, "Why not let it diein peace?" why, he said, " My oldgrandmother is dying, and I haveno objections that she should die inpeace ; but I do not want to kickher out <strong>of</strong> the old ai-m chair. Iwant to cherish and su})port herthere so long as she breathes andbrings out <strong>of</strong> her soul all her oldtraditions and all the knowledge <strong>of</strong>her youth. I want to have herblessing from her dying lips andworship her ere she departs " (Londcheers.Rev. Dr. M'Lauchlan jn-oposeda vote <strong>of</strong> thanks to Lord Colonsayfor ])residing, and to Pr<strong>of</strong>essorBlackie for his leai-ned and interestingand eloquent address. (Cheers.)He was jjrei^ared to say this, and hethought he could establish it, thatGaelic was a sjaoken language and awritten language a thousand yearsbefore English existed. (A^iplauseand laughter.) If that was not sufficientantiquity, he did not knowwhat they would ask. At the i)i"esentmoment there were 400 ministerswho preached in Gaelic every.Sunday, and that did not look like
May, 1873. The GAEL. SIdeath at anyrate. (Laughter andapplause.) Old as it might be, itwould see them and their grandchildrenout. "Within the last yeara chair <strong>of</strong> Celtic had been set up inthe University <strong>of</strong> Berlin —(hear,hear)— the capital <strong>of</strong> an empirewhere no dialect <strong>of</strong> Celtic was spoken;and he considered that that was arepro<strong>of</strong> to Great Britain, where nosuch chair existed, but where no lessthan four dialects <strong>of</strong> Celtic werefound yet spoken. He expressedthe hope that a Chair <strong>of</strong> Celtic wouldsoon be established in Edinburgh.Cluny Macpherson returnedthanks on behalf <strong>of</strong> Lord Colonsay.A concert, in which Highlandsongs were sung by Miss L. Hunterand Mr. Darling, followed, and theentertainment was brought to a closeby the exhibition <strong>of</strong> a number <strong>of</strong>beautiful electrical exjjeriments byDr. M'Kendrick.PRESENTATION OF COLOURSBY THE QUEEN TO THE79th HIGHLANDERS.A ceremony <strong>of</strong> peculiar interesttook place recently at Parkhurst, inthe Isle <strong>of</strong> Wight. There is atpresent quartered there, in the interior<strong>of</strong> the island, the 79 th Regimentor Cameron Highlanders, onwhose well-worn coloiirs is emblazonedthe record <strong>of</strong> well -wonhonours, typified by the names <strong>of</strong>" Egmont-op-Zee," "Egypt" (coupledwith the symbol <strong>of</strong> the sphinx)," Fuentos d'Onor," " Salamanca,""Pyrenees," "Nivelle," "Toulouse,""Peninsula," "Waterloo," "Alma,"" Sebastopol," " Lucknow," &c. Verylittle <strong>of</strong> the old colours indeed is left,but a few fluttering silken tattershanging to battered and weatherwornpoles. Her Majesty, who wasaccompanied by Prince Leopold andthe Piinccss Beatrice, and attendedby the Equerries and Ladies inWaiting, was everywhere receivedwith the most hearty manifestations<strong>of</strong> affectionate loyalty. She arrivedin a carriage drawn by four greysshortly before noon, and the scenethen presented by the parade wasmost interesting and impressive.Drawn up in review order were theHighlanders, their picturesque uniform,splendid physique, and statuelikeimmobility contrasting strikinglywith the varied appearance andmobility <strong>of</strong> the fi-amework <strong>of</strong> spectatorswho cheered and waved hatsand handkerchiefs as the royal carriagereached the ground. The band<strong>of</strong> the 79th played the <strong>National</strong> <strong>An</strong>them,and the Regiment gave theRoyal salute.Her Majesty having taken post atthe saluting base, the band played" Auld Lang Syne," while the oldcolours were "trooped" or borne forthe last time along the front <strong>of</strong> theregiment. The Rev. Mr. MoiTÌson,who was engaged with the regimentduring the "w hole <strong>of</strong> the long period<strong>of</strong> its service in the Indian Mutiny,delivered an im^jressive consecrationpi-ayer. Lieutenant Walter D. S.Campbell and Lieutenant Charles S.Methuen then came forward, andkneeling, received with a pr<strong>of</strong>oundreverence the cherished symbols fromHer Majesty's hands.Addressing Colonel Miller, thecommanding <strong>of</strong>ficer, the Queen,speaking in a clear voice, audible tomany <strong>of</strong> the soldiers and the surroundingspectators said, "• It givesjue great pleasure to present thesenew colours to you. In thus entrustingyou with this honoiirablecharge, I have the fullest confidencethat you will, with the true loyaltyand well known devotion <strong>of</strong> Llighlanders,preserve the honour and reputation<strong>of</strong> youi' regiment, whichhave been so brilliantly earned and
92 T^HÈ GAEL.ilay, 1873.SO nobly maintained ])y tlie 7i)thCameron Highlandevs."Loud flictn-s followed, and then(*ol
Afay, 1873.THE GAEL.by any artificial process <strong>of</strong> galvanizedvitality. All I say is that, where itlives, and so long- as it lives, it shouldbe used, and used wisely; and thatthe idea <strong>of</strong> violently stamping out amother tongue is barbarous and contraryto all sound principles <strong>of</strong> populareducation. If these matters weremanaged with any regard to natui-alpropriety and educational principle,it ought to be accounted as great apractical absurdity to plant a schoolmasterin a Highland glen who doesnot know Gaelic, as to appoint a manto teach Latin in a university whodoes not know English.RUINS AT lONA—CELTICART.At the usual monthly meeting <strong>of</strong>the Society <strong>of</strong> <strong>An</strong>tiquai-ies in Edinburgh,a paper was read on the history<strong>of</strong> the ruins at lona, by W. F. Skene,LL. D. The chapel <strong>of</strong> St. Oran mayreach back to the twelfth centiuy;but the monastery was founded byReginald, Lord <strong>of</strong> the Isles, who ruledfrom 1166 to 1207, and who is saidin the Book <strong>of</strong> Clanranald to havefounded three monastries—viz., amonastery <strong>of</strong> black monks in lona,in honour <strong>of</strong> God and Icolrakill; amonastery <strong>of</strong> black nuns in the sameplace ; and a monastery <strong>of</strong> grey friarsat Sagadul or Saddle, in Kintyre.The confirmation by the Pope <strong>of</strong> thefoundation <strong>of</strong> this Benedictine monasteryis dated 9th December, 1203;and there is an inscription on one <strong>of</strong>the pillars <strong>of</strong> the church itself, whichshows that part <strong>of</strong> it was built by aprior who died in 1202. Mr. Skenefound strong reasons for concludingthat the monastery belonged to theorder <strong>of</strong> Benedictines called Tyronenses,who were first introduced into<strong>Scotland</strong> by King David I. Themonastery was under the see <strong>of</strong> Drontheim,in Norway, until it was joinedto Dunkeld, on the cession <strong>of</strong> theIsles to <strong>Scotland</strong>. Between 1492 and1498, John, Abbot <strong>of</strong> lona, waselected Bishop <strong>of</strong> the Isles, and in1506 the Abbey Church <strong>of</strong> St. Mary'sbecame the Cathedral <strong>of</strong> the Isles.Mr. Skene showed, from the drawingsexhibited by Mr. Drummond,that several <strong>of</strong> the sculptui'ed monumentshad been identified as those <strong>of</strong>certain Chiefs and Lords <strong>of</strong> the Isles,whose burials are described in theBook <strong>of</strong> Clanranald.Mr. Drummond, R.S.A., followedwith a paper on the symbolism <strong>of</strong> thesculptured Celtic art <strong>of</strong> the WestHighlands. The sculpture on thesemonuments was too generally lookedupon as merely <strong>of</strong> an ornamentalcharacter, whereas in reality it embodieda deep and earnest symbolism.The most common emblem on themwas the cross, figured in every variety<strong>of</strong> form, and <strong>of</strong>ten with the most inti'icatetracery. The sword and galley,emblems <strong>of</strong> chieftainship, came nextin number, and there were also huntingscenes indicated by dogs pursuingdeer or hares; fishing and falconrywere also portrayed. The emblemsdenoting the commemoration <strong>of</strong> afemale are the shears, the mirror andcomb, and the harp. The clergy areknown by the chalice and the ecclesiasticalbell. The mystical creatures,the grifiin and the dragon, alsoapjieared on many <strong>of</strong> the stones—thelatter being more frequently foundin heraldry. Mi-. Di'ummond alsoshowed how the style <strong>of</strong> Celtic ornamenthad been disused for monumental])urposes at the time <strong>of</strong> theReformation, but has been continuedto our own time on the weapons <strong>of</strong>the Highlanders, their targets, dirks,and powder-horns, as also on theirbrooches.The pajier was illustrated by uj)-wards <strong>of</strong> 1 1 00 beautiful drawings <strong>of</strong>the monuments <strong>of</strong> lona and the
—94 THE GAEL. May, 1873."Western Hi,i,'li]aiKls, and by a largeKeleetion <strong>of</strong> dnns in ii's <strong>of</strong> swords, dirks,shields, powder-liorus, brooches, ifec,from the pencil <strong>of</strong> Mr. Di'nmmond. Dear Sir,—We, as representatives<strong>of</strong> the Iligliland Students at presentMr. Drummond expressed his grati-studying in Aberdeen, wish to takefication at the improved state <strong>of</strong>matters at the Cathedral and theRelig Oran <strong>of</strong> lona, the grounds <strong>of</strong>which are now cared for and kept ingood order. The Cathedral, however,was in a bad state <strong>of</strong> repair, especiallythe east wall <strong>of</strong> the chancel, which,if not speedily repaired, stood in somedanger <strong>of</strong> being blown down.At this meeting there were presentedtwo drawings <strong>of</strong> the circle <strong>of</strong>standing stones at Leys, near Inverness,described by Mi'. George <strong>An</strong>dersonin a paper on the Stone Circles<strong>of</strong> Inverness-shire in the ArcJufologiaScotica.TESTIMONIAL TO THE REV.GEORGE MACDONALD, ABER-DEEN.Oji Thursday, the 3rd April, adeputation <strong>of</strong> the Highland studentsat Aberdeen waited on the Rev.George Macdonald, <strong>of</strong> that city,and presented him with a beautifulcop3', in two vtjIs., <strong>of</strong> Fairbairn'.sDictionary <strong>of</strong> the Bible.The deputation at the same time readthe accompanying address to Mr.Macdonald, who cordially thankedthe students for their kindness, statingthat it was to him, not only a duty,but a pleasure, to do all that la}' inhis power for promoting- the interests<strong>of</strong> Gaelic speaking students in Aberdeen.Others who were presenttestified to Mr. Macdonald's knowledge(jf Gaelic, his readiness and!il)ility to impart scientific and practicalinstructions regarding that ancientand inci'easingly interesting langiuiire,without allowing his ardourADDRESS TO THE EEV. GEO. MAC-DONALD, FREE GAELIC CHURCH.this opportunity <strong>of</strong> thanking you forthe very great interest that you havetaken in our welfare ever since wecame to this city, and <strong>of</strong> testifyingto the esteem in which you are heldby us all.We desire your acceptance <strong>of</strong> thesevolumes as a small token <strong>of</strong> ourappreciation <strong>of</strong> your valuable servicesin our behalf.We would refer to the noble anddisinterested manner in which, thoughwith hands full <strong>of</strong> other work, youhave conducted the Gaelic classamongst us for the last thi-ee sessions.We can all testify to the knowledgeyou have given us <strong>of</strong> the sti-ucture <strong>of</strong>our native tongue, and to the interestit has awakened in us to further studyin that neglected field.We would refer also to the students'prayer meeting held during thissession in the Gaelic Churches.ill its beiialf to interfei'e with thelii'j.lier
—May, 1873. THE GAEL. 95A HIGHLAND FUNERAL.We are assembled on the green sward.Each face is sad. Solemnity is everywheretraced in the features and movements <strong>of</strong>every one present. The scene is one whichcannot be studied by itself. As we gazeupon it we are hurried along on the swiftwings <strong>of</strong> imagination, and halt not till wefind ourselves, as the sun reddens in thewest, among the hushed crowd thatassembled on the coast <strong>of</strong> the shore <strong>of</strong> theSea <strong>of</strong> Galilee, to hear Him "who sjjokeas man ne'er spoke." Each one seemed tomake sorrow his. For my own part,whenever I looked at my neighbour, I feltas if I could weep. I felt that chokingsensation which I remember feeling when,for the first time, I left my father andmother—my brother— my gentle sistermy home, with its old and dear associations.(But ah ! I have here touched achord which makes me even now feel as acliildl) Many unsymijathizing hearts maylaugh at me when I say I felt in this wise;while others, who try to study thephilosophy <strong>of</strong> facts, may call me a poor,simple being. Simple I am, or I shouldnot be writing this, and that shiiplicity(we call it simi^licity to meet the demands<strong>of</strong> the philosophy <strong>of</strong> facts) filled the hearts<strong>of</strong> all those present—the best and bravest<strong>of</strong> men on earth. Old men and young, allsat with heads uncovered. Even thesprightliest were loath to enter into conversation.Every person ajipeared to bethinking (some, perhaps, for the first time)and each one thought it an unholy thingto interrupt the current <strong>of</strong> thoughtwhether religious or otherwise — thatflowed through the other's mind. Withregard to myself, although impressed bythe sacredness <strong>of</strong> the scene, I allowed myboyish fancy free play among thosemysterious problems met in the contemplation<strong>of</strong> death and the grave. But myreverie is suddenly ended. We arearranged in pairs, with a space betweeneach pair. <strong>An</strong>d now the mortal remainswe are about to convey to their last restingplace are slowly carried out by friends,who experience a mournful i^leasure inthus paying the last rites to one who canno more feel grateful for any work <strong>of</strong>affection. The bier is reverently raisedon the shoulders <strong>of</strong> the first two pairs.Friends and relations walk close behindit. In front there paces a saint like man,with "measured step and slow." He is,in this case, an old soldier. At everyhundred or two hundred paces, accordingas the distance to the cemetry is far ornear, he cries out "Relief," which is afor those under the bier to halt fora few seconds, until those coming nextassume their places. Whenever they doso, those relieved stand still till the wholeline passes them, and then they join inthe rear. This process is repeated all theway. Were it otherwise tlie men wouldbe very much wearied; for sometimes theyconvey the dead in this manner to a distance<strong>of</strong> twenty miles or more, and veryfrequently along the roughest roads.Should any person chance to meet thefuneral, he would be showing the greatestdishonour to the dead unless he uncoveredhis head. This idea <strong>of</strong> respect is somethingsimilar to another very common inthe Highlands—that <strong>of</strong> adding a stone tothe lonely cairn set up in memory <strong>of</strong> somepoor unfortunate who was not blessed bybeing buried in the tomi) <strong>of</strong> his fathers.The Russians and most northern peoplesobserve both customs.When the churchyard is reached thebody is lowered at the gate, and carried tothe grave by friends <strong>of</strong> the deceased. Onits being lowered into the grave every onepresent uncovers his head, and, as freelysubmitting to the will <strong>of</strong> the Creator <strong>of</strong>all, says "Amen." The earth is then returnedinto its place by some <strong>of</strong> thosepresent, the chief mourners all the timestanding at the head <strong>of</strong> the grave.Females do not take part in Highlandfunerals. It is their chief duty to go tothe house <strong>of</strong> affliction, and to comfortsorrowing ones. In Orkney and Shetland,however, it is no strange thing to seewomen present at funerals. But in theseparts, I have observed, the female portion<strong>of</strong> the community knows what its rightsare. I cannot see why women should notpay the last honour that is in their powerto pay to the dead, unless, indeed, thepractice might be objected to on account<strong>of</strong> the ebullitions <strong>of</strong> sorrow which thefairer and s<strong>of</strong>ter sex would naturally givevent to on such occasions.Here I may say a word or two withreference to a notion that has somehow orother crept to the south—that a great deal<strong>of</strong> intoxication takes place at Highlandfunerals. No scandal was ever <strong>of</strong> a morecreeping and lying nature than this. Becausethe foresight <strong>of</strong> the "son <strong>of</strong> themist" has told him to provide himself witha small supply <strong>of</strong> his favourite beveragewhen he is at a funeral where the nearestchurchyard is fifteen or twenty milesdistant, and where the only road is asheep-track across snow-covered moorsand ice bound hills, are we on that accountso destitute <strong>of</strong> charity as to call him a
—96 THE GAEL. May. 1873.drunkanl—a savage who celebrates thedeath <strong>of</strong> his nearest, his dearest friend inthe most repulsive and inhuman manner?I should think not. Those who knowanything <strong>of</strong> Highland character know thatit is not characteristic <strong>of</strong> the Highlanderto ridicule the solemn or make light <strong>of</strong> thesacred. He may claim, without boast,the first place in nobleness <strong>of</strong> soul, inpurity <strong>of</strong> morals, and in religious sentiment.These are the qualities to whichit is owing his name is rendered so notoriouslyfamous throughout the whole world.The most dull eye is all aglow when itsees, on printed page and painted canvas,the noble deeds <strong>of</strong> heroism displayed inthe person <strong>of</strong> the Highlander; and theear, at first reluctant to hear, is made totingle when it hears rehearsed the chivalrousexploits and cool daring <strong>of</strong> the hardyson <strong>of</strong> Caledonia. The dreamy philosopherand the sleepy theologian are aroused fromtheir lethargic musings on the selfish anddepraved state <strong>of</strong> man when they find thathere, if not elsewhere, is a race whosemoral nature is benevolent, and whosesoul is filled with an all-inspiring fear <strong>of</strong>its God. <strong>An</strong>d all, in fact, who arepossessed <strong>of</strong> the rare power <strong>of</strong> thinkingfor themselves, and basing their observationson facts, and not on the authority <strong>of</strong>others, will find that this matter withregard to funeral "sprees" is scarcelyworth the paper and ink wasted in itsrefutation.Raieeart Mac-an-kothaich.NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.Greenock Highland Society. ^Theusual monthly meeting <strong>of</strong> this society washeld in April—Rev. John Macpherson, vicepres.,in the chair. Mr. James Brown, jr.,treas., reported that the receipts had exceededthe ex2)enditure by £11, whichwould be placed to the credit <strong>of</strong> thesociety. We understand the committeeentrusted with the promotion <strong>of</strong> GaelicLiterature has been empowered to <strong>of</strong>fermoney prizes for the best (iaelic essays,on subjects to be named at a futuremeeting.( 'iiicAco.—A meeting was held on Mondayevening, the 17th February, to considerthe propriety <strong>of</strong> forming a HighlandAssociation in Chicago. The project metwith enthusiastic favour, and G. M'l'herson,I). C. M'Kinnon, James Campl)ell,and John Mackay were ajipointed to drafta constitution. The objects contemplatedara the promotnig <strong>of</strong> social intercourseamong the citizens <strong>of</strong> Chicago who understandthe Gaelic language ; the establishment<strong>of</strong> a library, to consist <strong>of</strong> Gaelicbooks, and books in whatever languagerelating to the Scottish Highlands andHighland people; the forming <strong>of</strong> a museum<strong>of</strong> Highland curiosities, and articies illustrative<strong>of</strong> the customs and habits, whetherancient or modern, <strong>of</strong> the Scottish Gael,and the extending <strong>of</strong> charitable aid toHighlanders and their immediate descendants.Oban.—At a competition for the ObanCeltic Society's prizes, held in presence <strong>of</strong>a number <strong>of</strong> influential residents andstrangers, the following received awardsfor pr<strong>of</strong>iciency in the knowledge <strong>of</strong> theGaelic language. Senior Class— 1, ZellaMathieson, St. John's, Oban; 2, MaryCampbell, Barcaldine, and Jessie Macdougall,Kilmore, equal. Junior ClassI, Malcolm Maccallum, Kilmore ; 2,Christina Livingston, do., and DonaldMacdonald, Muckairn, equal.The Senatus <strong>of</strong> the University <strong>of</strong> Aberdeenhas conferred the honorary degree<strong>of</strong> D.D. upon the Rev. .John Kennedy,minister <strong>of</strong> the Free Church, Dingwall.THE LOCHFYNE BARD.We jmrjjose gwing the 2^ortraltwith a biographical sketch <strong>of</strong> Mr.Evan M'Coll, the "Loch/yne Bard,"in our next number.^nstoetfì ta ^orrcs^joniicnts.Calum Ciobair II. — Please furnishyour name and address. We cannot makeuse <strong>of</strong> anonymous communications.Munko.—Can any <strong>of</strong> our friends giveus the derivation <strong>of</strong> the name Mac-an-Hothatch ?Fearas-Bhogha.—<strong>An</strong> esteemed correspondentdesires to be furnished with aspecimen <strong>of</strong> a '^ Fearafi-Bhoyha," particularlythat known as "Fearas-Bhoghan'ujhean A la.itair Buaidh." <strong>An</strong>y informationregarding such compositions willoblige.Err.\tum. — The answer to TohnhseachanNo. 4. in The Gael for February,ought to have been "seven and eleven"antl not "five and seven" as stated inthe March Nundjer. We are obliged toour ingenious friend who pointed this out,and desire his better acquaintance,
EOGHAN MAC COLLA, BARD LOCH-FINE.
———gi-_a.i3dh:e.a.lII. Leabh.] DAKA MIOS an T-SAMHRAIDH, 1873, [16 Air,BARD LOCH-FINE.<strong>An</strong>ns an aireamli so cle n' Ghaidheal,thug sinn do a luchd-lengliaidhdealbh Eogliainn Mhic Colla, d'angoirte gu coitichioun le 'chomhaoiseanan tir a dhutlichais, " Clarsach nambeann." Rugadh e anus a' Cheannmlior,ri taobh Loch-fine anns a'bliadhna 1812. Ged nach robh apharautan ro shaoibhir, bha iad annan suidheachadh ni b'f hearr na morande 'n conih-inbhich anus a' Ghaidhealtachd.Bha iad fo dheagh chliu athaobh bunailteachd an treibhdhirismhodanail,agus iomraideach a thaobhua fialaidheachd, agns nan snbhailceanteaghlachail airson an robh agus ambheil fardaichean nan Gaidheal chocomharraichte. B'e Eoghan an daramac a b' oige de 'u teaghlach. 'N aeachail, coma co dhiu, rinn e a' chuida b' f hearr de gach cothrom a bhaso-ruigsiun dha; gheibhte e gu trie asdeigh 'obair-latha ann an uaigneasnan chiaintean samhach leis an robha dhachaidh air a cuartachadh, a'leughadh agus a' cnuasach gachleabhair air am faigheadh e greim;ach gu h-araidh a' deoghal a stighsmuais agus bladh clarsaireachd adhuthcha.Is coltach gun robh aig 'athairDughall Mac Colla, meas cubhaidhair foghlum; agus mar nach robh nagheibhte dheth ann an sgoil nasgireachd ro airidh air an ainm, 'uuair a bha Eoghan mu dheich bliadhnadh' aois, dh' f hasdaidh 'athair oidionnsuichairson a theaghlaich carbliadhna no 'dha, ged nach robh eidir ro chomasach air a' chosdas adhioladh. Fo oileineachadh an oidionnsuichud, cha b' f hada gus an d'thainig Eoghan gu blii na dheaghsgoileir Beurla, ni a dh' f hadaidh'n abhroilleach ciocras lasanta an geallair litireachd. Mu'n am ud, choinnich'athair ri aon de fhigheadaii'eanPhaisley a bha air eigneachadh le dithcosnaidh gu sgriob a thoirt feadh naGaidhealtachd a reic seami leabhraichean.Cheaunaich " Laoch achuil bhain," an t-iomlan de n' phaco'n f higheadair, ni a bha do Eoghan'n a ulaidh thaituich. A thuilleadhair leabhraichean luachor eile, f liuaire 'n am measg "Am fearr-seallaidhleanabuldheachd thaisbean e ciocras Spectator—Bardarchd Bhurns, agusdo-chiosaichte an deigh air bardachd an t-Oraideach Breatuunach Britishagns seann sgeulachdan na Gaidhealtachd.Essayist. Leugh agus chnuasaich eCha robh mor chothrom aige iad le gionachd dhealasach; dh' fhos-air a bhi a' sasuchadh a mhiann air gail iad suas, mar gum b'eadh, saoghalfoghlum agus air fiosrachadh litir-ur fa 'chomhair, agus thug iad dianbheothachadhdo-chaisgte do 'n ghradhnadurra a bha aige air bardachd agusair rannaidheachd.Mu 'n am ud, chuir e ann an deilbha cheud oran, — oran molaidh airmaighdean og a ghoid a chridhe, achma dh' f haoidte, nach do ghleidh e.Bha e mar sud car bhliadhnachan a'cuideachadh 'athar ri obair an f hearainnagus ri iasgach.<strong>An</strong>ns a'bhliadhna 1837, thainig emach gu foUaiseach mar bhard annan duilleagan an Teachdaire Ghaidh-
—100 AN GAIDHEAL. D.iva Mlo» an t-Samhraldh, 1S79,ealaich, da 'u robli e na fhearcomhuaidh aithuichte. Choisiuuliiach agiis feothas a bliardaclia leithid de mheas agus de mliorthlaclid a liiclid - duthcha, a's gnudo dhuisgeadh iarrtus coitchionn'n am measg- airsou gnm biodha chuid oibre air an ciir a iiiachaim ati leabhar leotha feiii, agusmar sin 'u uair a bha Eog'hauach f hathasd 'u a og-aiiach, cbiiire mach " Clarsach nam beauii"anns am bbeil aireamh nach beagde oraiu-gbaoil agus de dbain eile iinnan Gailig agus ami am Beurhi a tbaairidh air aite ro ard aun au iarmailtna fior-bbardacbd. Cba 'ji aitbnedbuiun aun au caiuut aosda, uasalnam beanu bardacbd is oirdbeirce, ismilse, uo is druigbticbe ua " Locbaic,""Locb-dubbaicb,"agus "Rauuanair bas baua-cbairid." 'N a rauntacbdBheurla cba 'n 'eil e idir air deireadb,mar a cbi ar bicbd-leugbaidh aun anduilleagan a' Ghaidheil.Goirid an deigb do "Chlarsacb nambeann" tigbiim a macb, tre cbaoimbneasditbis de ard-uaislean a dbutbcbaMacllleasdair nan Dunan,agus CaimbeubxcbHe, fbuair Mr. Mac Collasuidbeacbadh measail combfhurtacliailaun au seirbbeis Tigb-cuspiunnTAverpool. Ri b-uiue, cbaidb e tbairisdo America, far am bbeil e a uis aimsan t-suidbeacliadb cbeudna fo UacbdranacbdCbanada aun an TigbCuspuinn Kingstoii. Cba do cbrocbe fbatbasd a cblarsacli air na geugan,mar is aitbne d'ar bicbd leugbaidb.Tba sinu ro tboiHcbtu a cbluinntinngu'm bbeil a run air 'oibricbeau aebur a macb as ur. Co aig aun bbeilsolas troi a sgriobbaidbeau air oirdbeirceasa bbuadban inutinu neocbumanta,uacb guidbeadb dliasaogbal fada, sona, sumidacb!MU NA SEANN GTIAIDIIEIL.INNTREACHDAINX AN T-SOISGEIL.Do bbrigb gu 'n do dhearbb sinncbeana gu'm b'iadna-6'ea7t/i Ghaidheilsinnsearan nam fineacban sin a tbacbombnuidb an ceann tuatb na b-Alba, bidb e iomcbiiidb a nis beagana cbur sios mu inntrinn an t-soisgeil'n am measg. Cba 'n 'oil fios cinnteacbagainn c' uin a tbacbair so, acb a reircoslais an uair a bba deisciobuilCbriosd air an geur-leanmbuinn leisan uacbdaranaclid Komanacb, bba edualacb dboibb teicbeadb gu tuatbtbar a' bballa a bba eadar na Romanaicbagus fineacban Chaledonia. Gunteagamb bbiodb iad sin eudmbor acbum an soisgeul a cbraobb-sgaoileadbam measg nauGaidbeal a gliabbriutbaagus a tbug didean doibb o an-iocbdnan naimbdean ; agus mar so bba iad'n am beannacbd do 'n tir, agus 'n ammeadbon airan t-soisgeul a tboirt asteach innte. Do bbrigb gu 'n d'fbuair iadsan fasgadb o stoirm nageur-leanmbuinn, tbreoraicb iad ansluagb a tbug so dboibb a db-ionnsaidban Ti sin a tba mar ionad-fasgaidb'u gbaoitb agus mar dbidean o 'ndoinionn.Cba 'n 'eil dearbbadb sam bitbagainn mu tbimcbioll an am anns and' tbainig na ceud tbeacbdaLreansoisgeulach do 'n tir, ach, mu 'nbbliadbna a.d. 209, tba Tertullian agradb, "<strong>An</strong>ns na b-aitibh sin deBbreatunn far nacb b' urrainn naRomanaicb teaclid tba an soisgeul a'buadbacbadb ionnas gu 'n do gbeilliad do Cbriosd ; agus tba ainm agusriogbacbd Cbriosd a' ruigsinn a dbionnsaidbaitean a tbug dulan d<strong>of</strong>beacbd na Roimbe." Tba Origena' toirt fianuis air an ni so mar anceudna agus sgriobb esan mu 'nbbliadbna a.d. 230. A reir teisteanaisnan ughdar so cbi sinn gu 'n robbeolas an t-soiageil air a cbraobb-
t)ara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHML. 101sgaoileadii gu ruig Caledonia mudlieireadli na dara liime no niuthoiseacli na treas linne ; ach cha 'neil cunntas cinnteach againn mii naceud theaclidaireaii so a chuir an ceillsgeul aoiblineacli na slainte do arsinnsearaibh. Is e Ninian a' cheudneach air am blieil iomradli sam bithagainn; aon de na seann Bhreatunnaicha nigadh mu 'n bliliadhna a.d.360 agus a tliainig a shearmonacliadhdo clieann deas na li-Alba mn'nbliadhna a.d. 400. Tlia an t-Eaclidraiche,^erfeagradh "Gu'ndeachaidlinnFictich dheas iompacliadb q iodliolaoradhagus an toirL gu eolas na firinnle JViniaii, duinenaomhdenaBreatunnaich."B' iad na Pidich dheas naGaidheil a bha firinneach, air taobhdeas nan Garbli-bheanntan (Grampians)anns an tir a tlia 'deanamb'suas siorramaclid Fi<strong>of</strong>a, pairt desliiorramachdan Pheairt, Sliruithleadhagus Aonghais. B' anns nah-aitibhso gu sonruichte a hhii ]Vi)iiaiia' searmonacbadb an t-soisgeil, gidheadbis cosmhuil gu 'n robb e 'dol airthurasaibh n'a b' fhaide gu tuatb, dobhrigh gu 'm bheil moran eaglaiseaiino cbilltean air an ainmeacliadh airsanagus cuid diubli sin an ceanntuath ua Gaidhealtachd. <strong>An</strong> deigbNiniati tbainig Palladius mu'n bbliadbnaa.d. 432. Bha esan air tus asearmonachadh ann an Eirinn, acli asin tbainig e nail do dh-Albainn faran do shearmonaich e an soisgeul agusfhuair e bas ann an siori'amaclidChinn-Cbardainn ann an tir namPicteach, am measg nan seannGbaidbeal. Gidbeadb, a reir teisteanaisnan seancbaidliean eaglaiseacbbha teachdairean am measg nanGaidheal roimh na daoine so a shearmonaichan soisgeul, a theagaisg ancreideamh agus a fhritheil na saci'amaideandhoibh ged nach 'eil an ainmeanan diugh air an cumail airchuimlme. lie fad da cheud bliadhnaroimh theachd Niinain\Aid,ix\\ creideamh Criosdaidh am measg nanGaidheal a reir briathran Thertulliainagus is cosmhuil do bhrigh gu 'n robhau luchd-teagaisg so a' tuineachadhann am bothanaibh agus an cuiltibhuaigneach, fasail gu 'n d' thugadh"Na Cuiltich" mar ainm orra leluchd-aiteachaidh na tire,—ma dh'f haoidte ann an sgeig mar a tbainigan t-ainm Puritans ann an linnibhan deigh so.Bha na Cuiltich 'n an daoine diadhaidh,foghluimte; agus chuir iadseachad an nine ann an ath-sgriobhadhnan Sgriobturan naomha, ann anurnuigh agus ann an trasgadh. Bhaiad a' searmonachadh do na Gaidheila bha ann an taobh deas na Gaidhealtachd;ach bha na Gaidheil 's an airdetuath—anns an duthaich ris an abrara nis sioi-ramachdan Inbhirnis, Rois,Chataobh, agus Ghallaobh, maille risna h-eileanaibh mu thuath agus aniar, air an comhdach le dorchadas anaineolais, agus le tiugh cheo an iodholaoraidhgus an d' thainig Calum-cilled' an ionnsaidh le sgeul aoibhneachna slainte. D. B. B.AN DARA DUANDE SGIALACHD NA TROIDHE;Air a thionndaclh bho Ghrengais HomeirGu Gaidhlig Abraich.Le Eobhan MacLachainn.Taisbeanadh an Flieachda ; agus Aireamhnam faieachan Greuc/ach ayus Tròidheacli.IV.(Air a leantuhm bho 'n àlr'imh mudheireadh. JChuala Pallas nan gorm-shùl,'S thùirling i romh nèamh na stillBhàrr mullach Olimpiuis àird,Gu luath chabhlach nam bare grinn.Fhuair i mac Laerteis mhòir—Saoidh mar lòbh an gliocas cinn;A làmli cha do shin an sonn,Chum a long thoirt sios gu tuinn.f'hunnacas a sheasamh leis f bein,idh a'ghaisgich tkrein fo cheal;
'';!:":;102 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873.Sheas ^linerbba ceart ri 'thaobh,'S rinn seaiichus ri laoch nam fear:"Mhic Laertcis is mòr brigh,A chinn ghlic nan innleachd geiir,<strong>An</strong> teich sibh gmi chlin, gun àgb,Ka "r n-aon mhaoim thair sail gn leir?'S sibh a dh' f hàgadh fàth gu naill,Aig ciiirt uaibhruach 's aig tuath Thròidh.Helen cheutach nam miann cràidh,A ghluais b;is do mhiltean slòigli,Liuthad Greiigach gaisgeil, in;A dh' eug cian bho 'n dùthaich ghaoil'S Paris gun ath-dhiol d' a chionn,<strong>An</strong> seilbh toi-adh a mhionn claonGreas, greas ort, Ulisseis àigh,Fuadaich tàmailt, bac an triallFiach uile dheas-chainnt do bheoil,'S leig dan Thròidh gu mèinn nan dia."Labhair i ; 's dh' aithnich an laochGuth na ban-do nach b'fhaoin brigh;Ghrad-ruith e, 's tilgear air fonnFhalluing throm bu sgiamhach litli.Euribat, fear-gairm ant shuinn,Thog ant earradh 's phaisg le sgoinnAch dh' imich e f hein na 'dheannGu ÌNIac Atreuis, righ nan lann.Choinnich e 'm ilath 's ghlac a làmhColbh neo-bhàsmhor, siol nam buadh ;'S ràinig far 'm bu dlùth, na 'n srèud,Luingeas Greugach nan arm cruaidh.'N uair thachradh ris neach a b' f hiùgh,Milidh no ceann 'stiùradh slòigh,Dhruideadh e ris gu teann, teann,'S an reith-chainnt a b' fheartach glòir:Cha tig dhutsa, ghaisgich àigh,Crith-eagail mar thràill gun chlith.Suidh a's impich each bho thriall,Oir 'a ain-f hios dut miann do righ.'S a ghniomh seo chan 1)heil air fad,Ach dearbhadh aigne nan treun ;Ge lionmhor fiath th' anns a' chùirt,'S tearc na thuig a run gu leir.Gabhaibh toirt—na toillibh fraoch'S mòr am baoghall righ fo ghruaim,Tha cumhachd a's neart na 'làimh,'S aig ti nan nèamh, 's àrd a luach.'N uair chiteadh leis neach ga chùir,De 'n mheasg-shluagh ri bòilich f haoin,Spaideadh e 'n trom cliolbh ri cheann,'S bhagradh teann le smachd neo-chaoin:"Fosadh ort, ainmhidh gun cheill,Thoir oisdeachd do 'n dream is fiach ;Cha chonn thusa 'm blàr no 'n cùirt:Ach diol)hag gim chliii gun mhiagh.<strong>An</strong> saoil gach I'lmaidh 's a' Ghreig,Gur leis f hein an colbh mar choir?Is riaghailt a chur bun os cionn,GràÌHg a cliur a stiùradh slòigh.Ceannard na biodh ami ach aon,Righ do 'n toir ti naomh nan spèur,Gliocaa a's lagh, smachd a's iùl,Gu stiùradh 's gach cùis le cèill. "jNIar seo gu ceannsgalach, glic,Chaisg e iom-ghluasad nam feachd.Bho 'm bùthan 's bho 'n longan trie.Thill iad gxis an cluinnteadh 'n reachd.Bha 'n gaoir a' dòrtadh romh 'n f honn.Mar shiimaid ghailbhich a' chuain,Bhriichdas mu 'n tràigh f harsuing reith,'kS an griuneal gu leir a' fuaim.(lii leant iihiii.)COMHRADHEADAR MURACHADH BAN AGUSCOINNEACH CIOBAIE.ColNNEACH.— "Failte na maidnedhnit, a Mliurachaidh Bhaiii, thig-sa,a charaid, ag-Tis deau suidhe air a'chnocau ghlaii, ghlas so, an cois, antobair agns cluinneam do naiglieachd.Is fhad o'n la sin, a Mliurachaidhchoir; tha mi anabarrach toilichtetachairt ort, gun dnil idir agam ris.Dean suidhe, agus leig do sgios."MuRACHADH.— "Cha lugha na sinan solas a ta ormsa, a Choinnich, d'fhaicinn aon uair eile, air son ant-seann eolais; agns Ochaii ! Ochan!a Choinnich, is iomadh la a bhasinn cuideachd, agus is iomadh oidhchea choidil sinn le cheile air an aoiuleabaidh. Och! ma ta, is lionmhoratharrachadh athainig air ant-saoghato'n uair sin; ach a Choinnich, rinn midi-chuimhne, tha mi 'g iarraidh maitheanais,ciamar tha Seonaid choir agusna paisdean .^ Tha mi cinnteach gu'mbheil na gillean a uis air fas mor,agus mar an ceudna, na caileagan, oirfagar orra-san, na creutairean laoghach,nach eagal doibh aon iiair'sgu 'n ruig iad, le 'n lamhaibh beaga,air dorus na h-amraidh?"Coin.— " Tha iad uile gu slan,fallain, eadar bheag agus mhor, agustha mi'n dochas, a Mhurachaidh,gu 'm bheil iad uile 'n an slainte agadfein."MUR.— " Tha coir a bintaingeil,agus is dan a bhi 'gearan, a Choinnich;ach dluthaich rium, a' charaid
ceanalta,—Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. -A-N GAIDHEAL. 103choir, agns innis doinh do naiglieachd.Las do pliiob, socraich thufein, agus suidheamaid cuideachd cartacain."Coin.— "Cha'n'eil ùrachd sonraichteagam idir, a Mhurachaidh,acli a mhaiu gach sgiorradh, gachlong-bliriseadh, agiis gach tubaistlionmhor, a tha tachairt ah- miiir agusair tir, trid am bheil na ceudan airan cur a dhith auu am priobadh uasula; ach tha thu fein a' faiciun muna nithibh sin uile anns na Litrichibh-Naigheachd, a tha, mo thruaigh ! martha iad ag iimseadh dhomh-sa, Iandiubh gach la."MUR.— "Cha'n'eil teagamh agamnacli 'eil, ach tha deagh f hios agadsa,a Choinnich, nach teid agam-saair iia Litrichibh-Naigheachd sin adheanamh mach, dh-easbhuidh naBeurla sin nach urrainn mi aon chuida leughadh no 'tliuigsinn. Tha iadgu trie aig mo chuid mac, a tha'deanamh mabalaich leughaidh orra,ach is comadh leam-sa co dhiubh,ged tha iad co mor, leathan ricaineab-fhasganaidh, agus gu h-iomlan air an lionadh le nithibh airchor-eigin."Coin. — " Is call dhuit sin, aMhurachaidh, call mor gun teagamh,do bhrigh nach fhaic agusnach cluinn thu mu na nithibh atha tachairt anns an t-saoghal mu'iiidir, f hir mo ghraidh, agus dh' innseadhdhomh-sa gu'm bheil moraunithe annta nach 'eil fior—nithe neoairidhair suim sam bith a ghabhaildiubh, oir tha na breugan fein air anclodh-bhualadh, agus tha na breugana Choinnich, tha suilean nan GallIan fhosgailtegu 'fhaicinn gur iadnanithe sin a's mo air am bi nniinntir antoir, na ceart nithe a chuirear fa'ncomhair, co aca tha iad fior no nach'eil."Coin.— "Direach ceart, a Mhurachaidh,tha thusa mar a bha thuriamli gun tlachd sam bith agad dona Gaill, agus gun earbsadh, gu'ndochas idir agad nad'chridheathaobhnan nithe a theirear, no 'nithear, no'smuainichear leo ! Is i 'Ghailig, agusiadsan tha 'g a labhairt, a bheir morsholasdo d' chridhe, agus ge b'e ciode air nach bi smiadh agus bias nambeann, nan gleann,agus nan gaisgeachGaidhealach, cha'n 'eil suim agaddheth, agus cha bhi gnothuch idiragad ris. Ach co a tha 'toirt fiosi-achaidhdhuit, a Mhurachaidh, airgach sgeul agus eachdraidh air ambheil thu co mion-eolach, an uair atha thu a' cur cul ris na Litrichibh-Naigheachd Gall da? Dh' hmseadhdhomh-sa an oidhche roimhe led' choimhearsuach fein, AileanCam, nach 'eil aithris no ur-sgeulo chrioch gu cruach, air nach'eil fios agadsa. Nach 'eil sin cearta nis?"MUE.— "Cha bheag an t-iongantasa tha thu a' cm- orm, a Choinnich, anuair tha thu 'foighneachd dhiom anni sin air am bu choir deagh-f hios acuairt duit."bhi agad fein ! Co a tha 'toirt fiosi-achaidhdhomh air gach sgeul agusMuR.— " Is mi a chi agus achluinneas ; agus na biodh duil agadsa,a Choinnich, gu'ni bheil g-ach 'cheist i ! Co ach mo charaid nacheachdraidh? Ochan, a Choinnich, b'ifiosrachadh, urachd, agus eolas air an treig, — mo dhiulnacli laoghach,druideadh suas anns na duilleagaibh cuimir, . an GAIDHEALleathami, leibideach sin. Cha'u 'eil seadh an GAIDHEAL coir neo-eisiomaileach,a tha teachd air a thurasa'm' ionnsuidh gach mios lan-luchdaichteleis gach caochladh eolaisagus teagaisg a tha freagarrach,feumail, taitiieach chum an cridheagus an inntinn a lionadh 1 0! b'e 'na's mo ni's taitniche do mhoran n'an gille e da rireadh, an laoghach glanf hirinn ghlan; agus creid thusa mise, gun teagamh! Is cinnteach learn,
mo104 AN GATDHEAL. Dara Alios an tSninliraidii, 1873."ur-sgeulCoin.— ! "Mile taing dhuit, a Mhuracliaidh,a Chniiinic] ;,u'in liheil thu colacliail'."Coin.— "Tha uaire or vadhnach 'eil."MUE.— "Feudaidh uaire a bhi ort,a Clioiiinicli, sin 'aideachadli. Ud !XJd ! chreach ! clod a thainig ort,a Choiiinicli, agus gun eolas a bhiagad air a' GhaidheaJì ? Tha esanail- bheag naire a thnigeas agus alabhras canain Oisein agus Fhinii,agus nach d' thug fathast aoidheachd'n a fhardaicli do 'n GhaIDHEAL,agus le nile chridhe fein, nach d'altaich a blieatha. Na toir suain dod' rosgaibh, a Choinnich, agus nacur do cheaun air chiasaig, gus antoir thucuireadli cairdeil, fialaidh dha,gu teachd agus failt' a chur ort le'naidiieachdaibh. Thoir an aire d'aso, ma ta, agus so mo lamh-sa nachgabh thu an t-aithreachas. Clia'n'eil fios agad ciod a tha 'ii saoghal a'deanamhgusamfaicthuaiiGAiDHEAL,agus gus ancluinn thu a lionmhoraehdis niinic a tliug thu deaghchomhairle orm; is minic a glial ihmi do chomhairle, agus gabhaidh mian tras' i. Ach c'ait am bheil anGAiDHEALcliuiteachsinr'afhaotuinn,agus ciamar a cluiireas mi fios d'aioniisuidh, chum gu'n taoghail e orm'n a chuairtibh, agus gu'm faigh mieolas airl"MuR.— "Fag thu.sa a' chuis sina'm' laimh-.sa, a Clioinnicli, oir is misetha eolach air, agus is mi nacli deanmaille no mairneal sam bitli chinngu'n tig e agus gu'm faic thu e; agusclia d' thug thu fein agus Seonaidriamh aoidheachd mu d' cliagailt docharaiil ni's taitniclie, no do neachsani ])ithni's coniasaichena esan chumtoilinntinn a thoirt do'n teaghlachair fad, eadar bheag agus mhor, eadarsliean agus og. Tha comhradh binn,l)lasda aige-san do na h-uilc, agus thacolas agusgliocas air am foillseachadh'n a bhriathraibh gu leir! Tha e'sparradh teagaisg agus fiosrachaidhde gach gne maraon air an og agusair an aosda. Ach mar a thubhairtmi cheana, a Choinnich, b'e'n gille eda rireadh, agus gu mo rcidh gachrathad roimhe!"Coin. — "Tha'n Gaidheal a' d'chomain, a INIhurachaidh Bhain, oiris deas-chainnteach do bhriathra 'n acliliu; ach is cinnteach mise marbiodh an teisteanas a tha thu 'toirtair da rii'eadh toilltinneach, nach eJMurachadh Ban a dh' fhosgaileadh al)heul as a leth. Acli innis so dhomh,am bheil cairdeas no daimh sam bithaig do chaomhan, an Gaidheal rihichd-turais a bha 'taoghal gharbhchriochna h-Alba o cheann dafhichead bliadhna, agus ris an d'rinneadh moran solais an nair a,thigeadh iad an rathad? Tha deaghchuimhne again orra-san gu leir, aguscha di-chuimhnich mi a chaoidh aliuthad gaire mor, cridheil, a rinneadhaig a' bhaile ri Fionnladh Piobaire,Eachann Tirisdeach, Para Mor, agusna h-uiread eile. Ach is fhad' o'n Lasin a nis. Bha balach taitneach 'san Teachdaire Ghaidhealach, achchaidh e a dhith 'n a oige, mii'n d'fhuaradh mor-eolas air, Leanadhe le CuAiRTEAR NAN Gleann, agus leFear-tathaich nam Bej\nn,—diulnaichcheanalta; ach mo thruaigh!cha robh a h-aon diubh buan, agusbu laoghach iad. Tlia cuimhncmhaith again orra sin air fail,agus feudaidh e bhi gur caraiddhoibh an Gaidheal aiunieil sinanns am bheil nigh co mor agadsa,a Mhurachaidh."MuR.— "Ma ta, a Choinnich choir,is math gun teagamh do chuimhne,oir is fhad' an nine a nis o laithibhan Teachdaire, a' Chuairteih, agusna cuideachd sin eile nach maireann,a bha co dichiollach 'n an la 's 'n anlinn feinn, chum an hichd-duthcha'eanilachadh agus a thcagasg. Gun
——;Dara Mois an t-Saruhraidh, AN GAIDHEAL. 10cteaganih, mar a tliiibhairt thu, thadaimli aig A Ghaidheal rhi sin, oirtha e mach air an aon ghnothuch;tha e ail- 'arachadh 's an aon tir, thae 'labhairt na h-aoin chainnte, agnstha e air a dheachdadh leis an durachdchendna chum gach eolas agus ealaidha dheanamli aithniclite anns gachaite. Acli tuig-sa so, a Choinnich,tha cothroman aig a' Ghaidheal nachI'obh aca-san, do bhrigh gur iomadhinnleachd. tionnsgnath, agus ealaidhmhnaoi Ealasaid, air fonn 'BrigisMliic Ruaividh ! ' Am bheil cuimhneagad ail- sinn, an naii- a chuirEalasaid an ruaig ort leis an loi-gshuisde,a' Ijagradli an t-eanchainna chur asad n'an deanadh i greimorti"MuR.— "Bha leithid sin ann, aChoinnich, ach dh' f halbh na laitheansin a nis, agus chuireadh cul rium-sagu buileach leis na ceolraidheangogaideach sin, a tha ceart co luaineachris a' ghaoith, agus nach fan caran tiota a's lugha ch\mi filidheachd achur le cogarsaich 'n am chluas, mara b' abhaist doibh a dheanamh. Cha'nf'haide air ais na'n la an de, chuir miromhan focal no dha a chur analtaibh a' cheile mar chliu do'nchuideaclid cheanalta sin a tha 'deanamhcobhair air a' Ghaidheal agusag innseadh dha lionmhorachd nitheachuii-ear anceill leis d'a luchd-duth-au" an d' fhuaradh eohis o na laithibha chunnaic iadsan; agus tha comusni's fearr aige-san na bha aca-san gubarrachd a chur an ceill d'a luchdduthchafein. Ach, a Choinnich, sin cha fein; ach cha tigeadh lide 'n ama nail an adharc dliubh, oil- is feaird cheann. Rinn na ceolraidhean gairefanoidrium, an uair a bha mi 'g ausinn deannan dhe 'n t-snuisean andeigh an uisge. Cha'n 'eil omhail asluchadh aii' son cuideachaidh, agusidir agad a nis dhe 'n phiob, tha diiil dh' fhag iad mi co balbh ri Creaganan-fliithichud tliall. Mu dheireadh,agam, ach bha la eile ann, t'hir mochridhe."an deigh moran guidhe agus gi-iosaidhCoin.— "A nis, a Mhurachaidh, na rinn te dhiubh snodh-gaLre, agusdean dearmad air A' Gaidiieal a thubhairt i, 'Bach air t-aghairt, astiuireadh a'm ionnsuidh gun dail. INIhurachaidh, agus ni mi comhnadhAch ciamar a dh' aithnicheas mi e an leat re tamuill bhig.' Ach dh-aindeoinuair a thig ei"na cuise, cha tugadli ach fior neoniMuR. — "A dh' aithnicheas tu e! coinais dhomh mo bheul fhosgladh,O ! a Choinnich, a Choinnich ! cha'n ach rinn mi mo dhichioll."fhac thu a mhac-samhuil riamli Coin.— "Agus ciod a rinn :tlm, aMhurachaidh, ciod a chuir thu r'a"Fior Ghaidheal e'n a eideaclh,cheile.LeCluinneam e, cluinneam e,'bhreacan, 's le 'f heile,'S e ealanta, euchdach,mar a tha e."Le geur-ehlaidheamh 'ii a dhorn." MuR.— "Ma ta, fhii- mo chridhe,tha naire orm na rannan aithris aCoin. — " Tha tliusa, a Mhurachaidh,ri ranntachd mar a bha thu CO mor agad-sa do'n Ghaidheal,thaobh am miosad, ach o'n tha speisriamh. Tha mi faicinn nach do chaill cha mhiste leat a chluinntinnthu a' ghride chum bardachd a CO iad a tha, le dualchas agusdheanamh a nochd thu 'n ad oige, an duchas 'n an cridhe 'g a chomnadhuair a rinn thu an eisg-dhnan shearbh oir,ud do'n tailear clu-ubach, agns d a'" Is ro lioiimhor iad na treubhan,Tba'n dhitb-dhaimhe ris fo'n sgeith' aig',Urramaich ro allail, euchdach,Nach dealaich ris, 's nach treig ri'm beolCoisridh fior-f hoghhiimt', ealanta,A streajjas ga dian, dealasachGu bras suas air Paniassus ard,Le 'n ceol, 's le 'n ceileireachd gun gho.
—!106 AN GA.IDHEAL. para Mios an t-Sanihraidh, 1878.Air eachdraiclh tha iad barraichte,'G a sgriobhadh sios gu h-ath-ghlanta,Le gach seiid, seun, is sean-f hacalA chual, no 'chluinnear leo nis' mo!"Coin.— "Ochan! a Mhurachaidh,is gleusda a fhuaras tu. Tha inifaicinn gu 'in bheil saiglidean 's a'bhalg fliathast, agus nach do cliaillthu idir do clivimhaclidan tilidheachd.Ach innis domh co iad a chomhlaueii-eachdail so a tha maraon a' cuideachadhleis a' Ghaidheal'?"MuR.— "Cha 'n ann, ann an cromadhan anmoich, an iiaii- a tha'nifeasgair a' tarruing dluth, agns adh' fheumas siuu deahichadh r'acheile, a thig e dhonihsa leudachadhair a' choinhlan urramach so, atha CO lionmhor, agns co sgaoilte ocheile, ach feudaidh mi fear no dithisdhiubhainmeachadli's an dol seachad.Tha "Bun Lochabar" an comhnuidheasgaidh, ealamh, deas-chainnteach,leis gach fiosrachadh air barr a chuidmeur j agus is iongantach foghlumtaan gaisgeach e. Tha mar an ceudna" Renton" an aigh, curaidh ro cheanalta,dileas, co ealanta, deas airspealgadh bhriathar, agus air an cur,eadar bhun agus bhai-r an altaibh acheile. A ris tha sgaoth gunaireamh a' leantuinn, agus gach aonairidh air cliu. Tha 'm " Muileach,"agus " D. B. B.," agus " Bard Lochfine,"agus "H. M'C. ;" tha " Loch-Aillse," agus " Cona," "P. Mac-Griogair," agus an " Runasdach,""MacAoidh," agus "Galium," an"t-Abrach," agus an "Gille Dubh,"" D. C," agus " MacDliomlmuillDuibh," " Mac-Oidhche," agus maran ceudna " Mac-Mharcuis " nandeas-bhriathar. Tha'n " Bgiathanach"am lueasg chaich le 'spcuradaireachd,agus na h-uiread eile nachcuimhne leam aig an am, Sin agadcomhlan laidii-, togarrach, dileas,agus cha'n eagal do'n Ghaidhealchoir aig am bheil iatl uile gu leir codian air a thaobh,"Coin.— "Mile beanuachd agad, aiMhurachaidh, cha chual mi a leithidriamli. Nach iad sliochd nam beannbu choii- a bhi taingeil air son gachinnleachd agus strith a tha'g andeanamh aig a' clieart am so chum abhi 'g an teagasg, agus 'g an athleasachadh.<strong>An</strong> cual thu gu 'in bheilGaidheal mor eUe 'g a uidheamachadhf ein ann am baile-cinn na Gaidhealtachd,air son na criche ceudna.Cha 'n fhada gus am bi e deas, agustha mi'n dochas gu'n teid e air athuras gu solasach, aiginneach, agusgu 'n eirich gach cuis gu maith leisre iomadli bliadhna ri teachd? <strong>An</strong>cual thu gu 'm bheil lionmhorachdchomunn ann, a tha air an suidheachadhanns gach baile mor an Alba,agus ann an Lunnain, air son leasgach ni a bhuineas do na Gaidheil.Cha 'n fhad' on dhealbhadh coinunnro chumhachdach ann am baileInbhirnis, aig am bheil mar RunchleireachMacAoidh an aigh, oganacliaig am bheil, mar a thubhairtam bard' Fiamh na maiglidinn air a nihalaidh,'S e ro aithniclate 'measg chaich."'Is mlthich dhuinn a nis a bhi "bogadhnan gad," a Choinnich, oir tha 'nt-anmoch a' tarruing dluth, agus thaslighe gach fir againn gle fhada. Amach leis an adhairc dhuibh mu 'ndealaich sin, o nach fhaighear ni'sfearr air an raon so, ach is maith e.Innis, le beannachd, do Sheonaidgu 'm fac thu a caraid INIurachadhBan, a bha solasach a chluinntinngu 'n robh i fein agus a paisdean slan,fallain. Na dean dail gus an tig thuan rathad a ris, a Choinnich. Greasort, agus bithidh iomradh againn airnithibh o chein, agus air gach atharrachadhagus ur-sgeul a dh 'fheudaateachd gu crich." So, so, "<strong>An</strong> la achi 's nach fhaic"—beannachd leatAlasdair Ruadh.I
ms:-:fr;li:;;—dftara llios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHE AL. 10?'Si7-""^~r3p=^ P=F^^^^M:l:-:-|Li:-:dIL:-:li^^EBEEÈh:i iEÈFHEUDAR DHOMH BHI BEO.:m :—: ti:-:sim!I$ ?=^ ÌEEIE^R :—: rIti : - : Si |azziLi:-:li d:-:d|r:-:^E^I:—: 11=^siILi :dIli:r:-J^:s|M:-:li ;d r:-:I'S f heudar clhomh bM beo,G ed a robh thu 'm dhithCiamar gheobh mi 'n smuairein soChumail dliiom?'S f heudar dliomh bhi beo,Ged a robh thu 'm dhith.'S muladach a ta miMach ri Dail-na-Ceardach,'S gun a' ghruagach lamh riumGaol a's gradh mo chridh'.'S f heudar dhomh, &c.'S i mo ghaol an ainnir'S deise theid 'n a h-anart'S iomadh diuc a's baranDh'fharraideas, Co i?'S f heudar dhomh, &c.'S i mo ghaol an dèideag'S deise theid n a h-eiteadh;'S coltach ri deo-grein' i'N uair a dh' eireas i.'S f heudar dhomh, &c.'S ann ort a tha 'n cul-sniomhain,Nach feum cir g'a chireadh,'S e mar theudan sioda,Sios mu chul do chinn.'S f heudar dhomh, &c.Tha 'n t-urram dhuit air dannsadh,<strong>An</strong>ns gach coisir ghreamiar;'S mor a thug mi gheall duit,Ged a mheall thu mi.'S f heudar dhomh, &c.'S muladach a ta miDel a stigh do 'n bhata,'Dhol a nunn thar saile,'S gu la 'bh rath cha till.'8 f heudar dhomh, &c.Ach 's e dh' f hag mi bruite,'N ainnir a chiir cul rium'N deigh na rinn i 'shugradh,'S tursach tha mo chridh'.'S f heudar dhomh, &c.
!ThaloA AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Alios an t-Samhiaidli, 1873.AIR CRUINN-MHEALLAIBIlSOILLSEACH NAN SPEUREARRANN VIII.Clia'n oil 111 air bitli 's a' clirnitheaclKla dheachdas an iiintiiiTi le smnaintibhn'is oirdheirce mil tliimchi()ll moralaclidagiis co-dhealbhadh nan speur,iia aireamli, mend, aj>-us astar nanrenlta snidhichte. Tha, gnn teagamh,iongantas oirnn an nair a bheachdaicheassiiin le cnram air mor-mhexidna talmliainii air am bheil sinn a'glnasad ; acli an uair a. smnainicheassinn air cia co suaracli 's a ta ammend sin an coimeas ris a' chuid a'smo de na rionnagaibh os ar ceann,agns cia co beag cnairt a shiubliail,an uair a choimeasar e ris na renltaibhsnidhichte; an sin, tha smuainte ni'sfreagarraiche againn mn fharsningeachdna cruidheachd, agus mnmheud nan oibre eugsamhia a tainnteGed is mor a ta gach renlt agusgealach a tha'g iadliadh mu'n ghreiiia' foillseachadh cunihachd neo-criochnuichtean Ti bheaunaichte a dliealbliiad; gidheadh, is beag iad sin gu leiran coimeas ris gach corp dealracheile a chithear air an suidheachadhach mar bhallaibh beaga, cruiim,soill seacl i , no mar sheu daibh boisgeacha tha air an suidheachadh aims naspeuraibhaigastarneo-chriochnuichteair falbli! Gidheadh, is giianaTi iadso, a tha 'toirt barrachd air gi-ein natalmhaimi agahine, an am mend agnsaim an soillse ! Goirear lieultaSuidhiclde dhiubh a chionn gu'mbheil iad co fada air fal])h a's nachurraiiui reiiltaireaii a dheaiiaiiih amach gu'iu bheil iad a' carachadh idiras an aitibh, agus chum eadardhealachadha chur eadar iad agusna reultan mu thimchioll am bheileolas ni's ci'intich' air 'fhaotuum amach. Tha an aireamh co mor isnach nrainn na speuradairean ni sambith cinnteach a chur an ceill mu'ntimchioll. Cha'n f haicear ach beaganmhiltean diuljli leis an t-suil luira, achf huaradh a machgloineachan-anihaircleis am bheil muilleana do-aireamhdhiubh air am faicinn ; ach an deighsin uile, tha e cinnteach gur suarachan aireamh dhiul)h a chithear idir, ancoimeas ris an lionmhorachd ueochriochnuichtede na rionnagaibhboisgeach sin, a tha air an suidheachadhaig astar air nach comus dona gloineachaibh a's fearr rnigheachd.Cha'n 'eil teHgamh sam bith nachgrianan iad uile aig am bheil solusannta fein, cosmhuil ris a' ghrein atha soillseachadh na talmhainn soagainne ! aoTihar againn acliomh-dhunadh, gu'm bheil reultanagus gealaichean a' cuairteachadhgach greine dhiubh so fa leth, agusgu'm bheil iad air an comhdachadhle coilltibh, feur, agns luibheau degach gne, agus feudaidh e bin airan aiteachadh le bithibh reusontaair feadh fharsuingeaclid na crnitheaclid.Tha na riounagan snidhichte, agustuigseach ! Nachmiorbhuileach,ail' nach 'eil againn ach eolas ro bheag uime sin, oibre an Tighearna De !ji thaobh an astair do-thnigsinnnainn, Nach soilleir a tha na neamhan a' curagus an liomnhorachd do-aireamh, a' an ceill a ghloir, agns na speuran a'foillseachadh morachd, maitheas, aguscnmhachd De air mluxlh do-chur an'g amuochdadh gniomh a lamh !Tha a.star nan rioniiagso on talamh,ceill ! Cha'n 'eil sinne faicinn agus o aoii a cheile, ceart co iongantachris an aireamh aca. Tha'uteallsanach, Bessel a' deanamh dhethgu'ni bheil na rionnagan snidhichtea's faigse do'ii talainh tri ficheadmuillean do mhuilleanaibh mile airastar uaithe; agus ma tha iadsan a'sfaigse CO uamhasach fad' air falbh,ciod a theirear mu'n timchioll-san atlia CO fad' as is gur gann a chithearidir iad .^ Tha'n solus a' gabhail teannair ochd inionaidean gu siubhal eadar
!—Dara ilios an t-Sarnhvaldh, 1673, AN GAXDU EAL. 109a' ghriau agus au talainh so, ach.gUabhadh e cuig, deicli, agiis fieheadbliadhna gu sluljhal eadar cuid dhena riouLiagaibh siu agais an talainhCha'n urrainn au inutiun aii-eamh nammiltean astair a tlia na rionnagan sinair falbh a thuigsinn. Gliabhadhpeileir gunna-moir, dh' aindeoin aluathais, teann air ceitbir imiilleanbliadhna gu tighinii o'n rionnag ris anabi'ar Uraconis a dh-ionnsuidh na talmhaiun;agus is leoir siu chum adheanamh soilleir, nach conuis duiiinbeachdfreagarrachsambithaghabhailair an astar do-thuigsinn aig am bheilna rionnagan air an suidheacliadhiiainne! Tha inoran anns a' bharailgur lionmhor rionnag a tha ann, atha CO fad air falbh is nach d' raiihgan solus aca fathast an talanili so, oam a' chruthachaidh gu ruig an la andiugh ! Thugadh so air na h-uile ausmiiaiuteau fein a shuidheachadh aira' chumhachd neo-chriochnuichte sina dhealbh na soluis mhaiseach so,agus a tha 'g au stiuireadh 'n ancuautibh ann am farsuingeachdnèimhe! Is ceart a thubhairt anSalmadar, "Is mor an Tighearnaagus is mor a chumhachd. Molaibhe, a' ghrian agus a' ghealach, molaibhe, 'uile reulta soluis. Molaibh ea neamha nan neamh." — (Salmcxlviii. 3.)Cha 'n 'eil neach air bitli nach tugfa 'near an crios soilleir sin a chithearair oidhche reota, aim an airde nanspeur, do'n ainm, '•'•<strong>An</strong> t-slii/lie bhainneacli."Cha 'n 'eil anns a' chrios so,uime sin, ach miltean agiis muilleanando ghrianaibh a tha air an suidheachadhCO teann air a' cheUe 's gu 'mfaicear tri mile agus corr diiibh annan leud na gealaich dhe'n t-slighedhealraich so. Mar so, chithear narionnagan sin le gloineachaibh, dluthdo aou a' cheile, ach an deigh sinuile tha e air a dhearbhadh g-u'mbheil muilleanan de mhuilleanaibhjnhilteau eatorral Ghabh na reultaireanbeachd air buaidh iongantacheile a bhuineas do chuid de na rionnagaibhsuidhichte, agus 's e siug-u'm bheil iad caochlaideach 'n ansoilleireachd. Chithear iad aig aonam anabarrach dealrach, agus aigam eile, 's ann air eigin a chithearidir iad. Tha cuid eile dhiubh achithear gu soilleir re uiue shonraichte,agus an deigh sui a theid asan t-sealladh; agus cuid eile a tha'g an nochdadli fein do 'n t-sealladh,nach fhacas riamh roimhe. Seafiehead agus cuig bliadhna niu 'ad' rugadli ar Slanuighear beaunuichte,nochd rionnag shoillseach de 'u ghneso i fein nach fhacas riamh roimhe;agus chunncas rionnag eile tii cheud,ceithir ficheadh agus uaoi bliadhnaan deigh breith Chriosd, a bha codealrach ri Bheaus, ach ann au triseachdainibh chaidh i gu h-iomlanas an t-sealladh! Mar so, tha caochlaidheanri 'm faicinn ann am feachdnèimh ceart cosmhuil ris gach caochladha chithear air an talamh. Cha'n'eU ni air bith seasmhach no bunaiteachfo righ-chaithir an De shiorruidhagus neo-chaochlaidich, a tha'riaghladh os ceaiin nan uile. Air autalamh tha siun 'faicinn gu'm bheilsamhradh agus geamhradh a' tighinnagus a 'falbh—gu'm bheil luibheana' teachd fo blath agus a' criouadhgu'm bheil linn a'greasadh linnedo 'n uaigh, mar a ghreasar tonn letoun gu traigh, agiis mar so, gu 'mbheil "aon ghinealach a' siubhal agusginealach eile a' teachd," mar dhearbhadligu 'n " teid sgiainh an t-saog'hailso seachad." Tha e soilleir, uimesin, gu 'm bheil gach ni cruthaichtemaraon amis na speuraibh agus airan talamh, buailteach do chaochladh;ach tha 'n Ti ghlormhor sin a dhealbhiad neo-chaochlaideach, oir, mailleris-san cha 'n 'eil atharrachadh nosgaile tionndaidh ! Is Esau lehobhah,"an de, and diugh, agus gu siorruidhan Ti ceudna." Tha sinn
110 AN GAIDHEAL. cara Mios an t-Samhraldh, X878,'faicinii gu'in bheil " eadar-dhealacliadhoibreachaidh ami, ach Ì8 e ant-aou Dia a ta ag oihreachadh naniiile uithe anns na h-uile." <strong>An</strong>n-sau,uime siu, cnireadh ua li-uile an doclias."0 cliian leag- Esan buiiaite ua talmhaiim,agus is iad na nèanihan obair alamh. Tlieid as doiblisan ach mairidhEsan; fasaidli iadsau uile seanmareudach; mar thrusgan caoclilaidhse iad, agus bithidh iad air an caochladh;act is Esan an Ti ceudna, aguscha chriochnaicliear a bliliadlinan."(Salm cii. 25.)A' BHAINTREACH.Bha baintreacli ann roimhe, 's bhatri niglieanan aice, 's is e n'a bha aiceairson am beathachadh, gàri-adh cail.Bha each mor glas a' h-uile latha'tighinn do 'n ghàrradh a dh'itheadha 'chaiL "Thuirt an te bu shine dena nigheanan r'a mathair theid mised'an gharradh an diugh 's bheir mileain a chuibheal, 's cumaidh mi 'n t-each as a' chal." "Dean," ars' amathair. Dh' fholbh i mach. Thainigan t-each. Thug i 'chuigeal as a'chuibheil 's bliuail i e. Lean a'chuigeal ris an each, 's lean a lamh s-ris a' chuigeal. Air falbh a bha'n t-each, gus an d' rainig e cnoc uaine, 'sghlaodh e. "Fosgail, fosgail a chnuicuaine 's leig mac an righ a stigh.Fosgail, fosgail a chnuic uaine 's leignighean na baintrich a stigh." Dh'fhosgail an cnoc, 's chaidh iad a stigh.Rinn e uisge blath d'a casan 's leababhog d'a leasan, 's chaidh i laidhe anoidhche sin. Mochthrath an la'r namhaireach 'nuair a dh'eirich esan, bhae 'dol u shealgaireachd. Thug e dh'iseiuchraichean an tighe air fad, 's thuirte rithe gum faodadh i h-uile seomar astigh fhosgladh ach an t-aon; air nachunnaic i riamh gun am fear sin'fhosgladh ; a dliinneir-san a bhi aicereidh'nuairathilleadhe; 's n'ambiodhi 'n a bean mhath gu'm posadh e i.'Nuaii" a dh' fholbh esan thoisich ise aivfo.sgladh nan seomraichean. A' h-uilefear mar a dh' fhosgladh i bha e' doln'a bu bhreagha 's na bu bkreagha, gusan d' thainig i gus an fhear a bh' air abhacail. Tliair leatha'd è'dh fhaodadhabhith annnach fhaodadh i fhosgladhcuideachd. Dh' fhosgail i e, 's bha elandomnathan uaisle marbli,'s chaidhLabhraidh siun 's an ath earrainnair gluasad agus air dluth-tharruingnan corp-neamhaidh, agus air na i 'sios gus a' ghlun ann am full.seolaibh-mara.Thainig i mach an sin, 's bha i 'glanadhSgiathanach.{Ri leantuinn.)a coise, 's ged a bhiodh i 'g a glanadhfathast cha b' urrainn i mil- de 'n fhulla thoirt di. Thainig cat crion far anrobh i, 's thuirt i rithe, na'n tugadhi dh'ise deur beag bainne, gunglanadhi i cho math 's a bha i riamh. "Thusa'bheathaich ghrainnde ! bi falbhromhad; am bheil duil agad nachglan mifein iad na's fhearr na thusa?"" Seadh, seadh ! leig dhuit ! Chi thu'd è dh' eireas duit 'n uaii- a thig e feindachaidh !" Thainig esan dachaidh,'s chuii" ise an dinneir aii* a' bhord, 'sshuidh iad sios aice. Mu'n d' ith iadmir thuù-t esan rithe. "<strong>An</strong> robh thua'd' bhean mhath an diugh T " Bha,"ars' ise, " Leig fhaicinn domhsa dochas, 's innsidh mi dhuit co-aca 'bhana nach robh." Leig i fhaicinn daan te 'bha glan. " Leig fhaicinndomh, an te eile," ars' esan. 'N uair achunnaic e 'n fhuil, "O! ho!" ars'e, 's dh' eirich e, 's ghabh e 'n tuagh,s thug e 'n ceann di, 's thilg' e 'stighdo 'n t-seomar i leis an fheadhainmharbli, eile.Chaidh e 'laidhe an oidhche sin, 'smochthrath an la 'r na mhaireach dh'fhalbh e gu garradh na baintrich arithisd. Thuirt an darna te de nigheananna baintrich r'a mathair."Theid mi mach an diugh, 's cumaidh
"!Dara llios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. Illmi 'n t-each glas as a' gharraclh."Chaidli i 'mach a' fuaghal. Bhuail ian rud a blia aice 'g a f huaglial aii- aneach ; lean an t-aodach ris an each ;'s lean a lanih ris an aodach. Ealnigiad an cnoc. Ghlaodh e mar a b'abhaist da ris a' chnoc. Dh' fhosgailan cnoc, 's chaidh iad a stigh. Pànne uisge blath d'a casan, 's leaba bhogd'a leasan, 's chaidh iad a laidhe anoidhche sin. Mochthrath an la'r namhaireach bha esan a' folbh a shealgaireachd,'s thuii-t e rithe li-uileseomar a stigh 'fhosgladh, ach an aonfhear, 's air na chunnaic i riamh gunam fear sin 'fhosgladh. Dh' fhosgaili h-uile seomar gus an d' thainig i gnsan fhear bheag, 's air leatha 'd è dh'fhaodadh a bhith anus an fhear sinni's motlia na each nach fhaodadh i'fhosgladh. Dh' fhosgail i e, 's bha6 Ian de mnathan uaisle marbh, 's apiuthar fein 'n am measg. Chaidh isios g'a glun ann am full. Thainig i'mach, 's bha i 'g a glanadh fein, 'sthainig an cat beag ma'n cuairt, 'sthuirt i rithe. " Ma bheir thudhomhsa deur beag bainne, glanaidhmi i cho math 's a bha i riamhThusa, a bheathaich ghi'ainnde Thainig i mach, 's bha i 'glanadh aGabh romhad! Am bheil duil agad cas, 's cha b' urrainn i mir de 'n f hullnach glan mi fein i ni 's fheari- na a thoirt diubh. Thainig an cat crionthusa 1" "Chi thu," ars' an cat, "'d è far an robh i, 's thuirt i rithe, "Thoirdh' eh'eas duit'nuaira thig e feindachaidh."'N uair a thainig e dhachaidh mi do chasan cho math 's a bha iaddhomhsadeurcrion bainne, 's glanaidhchuir ise sios an dinneir, 's shuidh iad riamh." "Bheir a chreutair—bheiraice. Thuirt esan rithe. "<strong>An</strong> robh mise dhuit do dhiol bainne ma ghlanas"thu a'd' bhean mhath an diugh Ì thu mo chasan." Dh' imlich an cat" Bha," ars' ise. " Leig 'fhaicinn a casan cho math 's a bha iad riamh.domh do chas, 's innsidh mi dhuit coaca'bha na nach robh." Leig ifhaicinn da 'chas a bha glan. " Leigfhaicinn domh an te eile," ars' esan.Leig i fhaicinn i." O ho ! " ars'esan, 's ghabh e 'n tuagh, 's thug e 'nceann di.Chaidh e 'laidhe an oidhche sin.Mochthrath an la 'r na mhaii-each,ars' an te b' oige r'a mathair, 's i'figheadh stocaidh. " Theid mise'mach le m' stocaidh an diugh, 'sfairidh mi 'n t-each glas ; chi mi 'd èthachairdom'dha phiuthah-j 'stillidhmi dh' innseadh dhuibhse." " Dean,"ars' a mathair, 's feuch nach fan thuair folbh." Chaidh i' mach, 's thainigan t-each. Bhuail i 'n stocaidh airan each. Lean an stocaidh ris aneach, 's lean a lamh ris an stocaidh.Dh' fhalbh iad, 's rainig iad an cnocuaine. Ghlaodh e mar a b' abhaistda, 's f liuair iad a stigh. Rinn e uisgeblath d'a casan 's leaba bhog d'a leasan,'s chaidh iad a laidhe an oidhche sin.<strong>An</strong> la 'r na mhaii-each bha e 'falbh a.shealgaii-eachd, 's thuh't e rithise na'ndeanadh i bean mhath gus an tilleadhe, ann am beagan laithean gum biodhiad posda. Thug e dhi na h-iuchraichean,'s thuk-t e rithe gumfaodadhi h-uile seomar a bha stigh fhosgladhach am fear beag ud,—ach feuch nachfosgladh i 'm fear ud. Dh' fhosgail ih-uile gin ; 's 'n viair a thainig i gus anfear so, air leatha 'd e bhiodh ann nachfhaodadh i fhosgladh, ni 's motha naeach. Dh' fhosgail i e, 's chunnaic i'da phiuthar marbh an sin, 's chaidhi sios g'a da ghlun ann am full.Thainig an righ an sin dachaidh, 'schuir iad a sios a dhinneir, 's shuidhiad aice. Ma'n d' ith iad mir thuirtesan rithe, "<strong>An</strong> robh thusa a'd' bheanmhath an diugh " "'? Bha mi meadhonach,"ars' ise, "cha 'n 'eil uaill sambith agam r'a dheanamh asam fein.""Leig fhaicinn domh do chasan,"ars' esan. " Leig i fhaicinn da 'casan.Bha thusa a'd' bhean mhath," ars'esan, "'s ma leanas tu mar sin gu
;—112 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara iXIos an t-Samlualdh, 1879.ceauu beagau laitheau bidli thii fheinagus luise posda." <strong>An</strong> la'r ua mliaireachdli'f holbli esau a sbealgaireaclid,'Nuaii-adh'fliolbli esau thaiuig an catbeag far an robb ise. " Nis iunsidhfbosgladb air au ratbad, air neo madb' fbosglas gum fog tbu e ;gun d'tbeid tluiannam barrcraoibbe, 's gu'mbi tbu 'g ambarc, 's ma db' fbosglas egin dbiubb gu'm faic tbu. <strong>An</strong> sin 'n uairatbeidesan a sbealgaireacbd fosglaidbtu 'n seomar ; bbeir tbu 'mach dotigb do mbatbar anus an fbeirg .so, 'sbrisdidb e stigb an dorus. Bi tbusacul an doruis, 's tboir dbetb an ceannleis an t-sabb, 's bidb e 'n sin 'n amhac rigb cbo akiinn 's a bba e riamb,'s posaidb e tbu. Abair ri d' pbeatbraicbean,ma bbeir c lamb air nacisdeacban fbosgladb air an i-atbadiad a gblaodbacb, ' Cbi mi tbu,deigb te, gus an d' fbag e 'n tigb aniatbar iad. 'N uair a tbainig e gugleann far an robb e sraaointeacbadhnacb fhaiceadb ise 's a' cbraoibb e,tbug e lamb air a' cbisde leigeil siosniise dbuit de 'n doigli air au luaithe ail-son faicinn de 'bli' innte. Glilaodham bi tliu posd' air," ars' an cat. an te 'bba 's a' cbisde, " Cbi mi tbu—" Tha," ars' i.se, " dorlach de sheaua Cbi mi tbu." "Piseacb aii" do cbeanncbisdeacban a stigh ;bbeir tbu mach beag, boidbeacb," ars' esan, "niur amtri dhiubk; glanaidh tu iad; tbeir thuris, an ath oidbcbe gu'm fenm e na trifad' a cbi tbu."air gacb siubbalB'e so a bu dual dhagus an d' fbag e nachisdeacban siu, te ma seacb dbiubb, cisdeacban air fad an tigb a matbar.'fbagail ann an tigb do mbatbai', Nur a tbill e dbacbaidb air an t-cbioun nach 'eil feum au so orra, gu'bbeil gu leoir ann as au iogbuaissiubbal ma dbeireadb, 's a cbunnaice nacb robb ise roimbe, cbaidb e anntbeir tbu ris nacb fbaod e gin dbiubb am feirg cboimbeacb. Db' fbalbb eair ais gu tigb na baintricb, 's 'n uaira rainig e 'n dorus cbuir e roimbe e.Bba ise'n a seasamb air cul an doruis,'s tbug i 'n ceann detb leis au t-sabb.Db' fbas e 'n sin 'n a mbac rigb cboaluinn 's a tbainig riamb. Cbaidb estigb. an sin, 's bba iad ann an toilinntinndba pbiutbar ; tairnidb tu 'n slacbdanmhor. Plios e fbein agus ise,draoilbeacbd orra ; 's bidb iad rinn iad baiiais aigbearacb, sbunndacb.'scho beo, skm 's a bba iad riamb.Cbaidb iad dacbaidb do 'nGlauaidb tu iad an sin, 's cuiridb cbaisteal, 's bba iad gu matb combla,tu te anus gacb cisde dbiubb, agus f buaii- a matbair 's a peatbraicbean'stbeid tbu fein 's an treas te. Cuii-idb n'a cbum gu matb r'am beo iad.tu de db-airgiod agus de db-or anus West Iliyldand Tales.na cisdeacban n'acbumas do mbatbairagus do pbeatbraicbean ceart r'ambeo. 'N uair a db' fbagas e na cisdeacbanann an tigb do mbathar, 's a Fhir mo chridhe,—Mile math-GAIDHLIG-GHALLDA.tbilleas e, tbeid e ann am feirg anas—fhuair mi do litir bbo chionncboiuibeacii. Folbbaidb e 'n sin gu fhada, agus cha b' e 'ii dearmad no 'ndiocbuimbne tbug orm gun sgribheadhroimbe seo d' ionnsaidb, ach a'chabbag. Tha fbios agad, bbo 'nchiad la a sbinear crann no coibetoiseach an Earraicb, gus am falaichearsùil a' bbuntàta fo 'n ùii" 's a'Cbèitein, nach i 'cblèit is leannanduinn air an dutbaicb. Gabb moleisgeul ma ta an dràsta, 's cbanbbeil fbios, an uair a leigeas mi m'anail, nach innis mi dhut facal nocbi mi tbu,' air alt, 's gun saoil'e gur tusa a bliios a glaodbacb's a' cbraoibb."dba mu Dbouull Mac Fbionnlaidh'N uair a tbill esan dacbaidb, db' nan dan; agus ma chaombnar mi 'nfbulbli e leis na cisdeacban, te an deigb sin, sgial goirid mu Iain Lom
——aDara Mios an t-Samhraidh. 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 113—dithis a tha fo'n fhòid an Tom-Aingeal,Chan bheil teagamh nach d'thàinigioma caochladh aii- Locli-Abar romhlinn na Comhachaig; agiis iomamùthadli a's tioiiiidadli bho bhàsDhònuill Mliic Fhionnlaidh gus anla an diugh. Co is urrainn innse c'nine blia Mac a' Bhrithimh ann— c'nine Fearghus— c' nine Torradantriùir a dh'eug mu'n robh DonnslmUanns an Fhearsaid? <strong>An</strong> robh anleithid de dhaoine auni Bhà, agiisbha iad a' fuireach 's an Fhearsaidmu 'n robh Aonghus MacAlastairCharraich ann; dhearg iad an ainmeannanah- fonn na Fearsaid, geda bhiodh (mar nach bheil) a' Chomhachaga' togail fianuise-brèige. Achnach coma, thriall iad fhein 's aniarmad nile! De na bha de chinufheadhua's de chinn-thaighe eadarCnoc-a'-Chualaich a's Caolas-Mhic-Phàdruic, agus eadar Clach-anfhuaraina's Màm-chlach-àrd faodara ràdh gun deach iad uile an talamhtoll,ach Mac Dhonuill - Duibh —oighre Shu- Eobhan, na 'ònrachd—agus mau-eann buan da! Mar secclioimhlionadh an fhàisneachd :"<strong>An</strong> Loch-Abar a tha thu,Ach tràghaidh e mar an gaineamh ;Thig linn eile na 'r n-àite—Bàsaichidh Hnn nam moUachd! "Choimhlionadh fàisneachd " a'Ghuth 's an spèur" a chuala Gille-Moire bha 'n Achadh-a'-mhadaidh 's6 dol seachad air Achadh-na-croiseChan bheil cleith air. Ach is gann ashaoileas mi gun cuii-eadh AlastairCarrach as gu buileach do 'nt shluaghagus miagh cho mor air daoine 's nah-amannan ud. Air an achd chiadnachan bheil e gabhail agam gun dosgriosadh as na Piocaich. Ach dubh,dona mar a tha sinn, tha ann is miosacor. Duan gach duine— " Caoirich a'suain,"— " Luinnseach ghlas am bungach tuim " — "A' Ghàidhealtachda' dol gu neoni—na Gàidhil 's an cinnfotha—agus a' chainnt a dh' ionnsaichar màthraichean duinn—amball-sinnsireachd a bha ruith airgach duine bho 'n d' thàinig sinn—Ghàidhlig aosda dol air a h-uilinn,agus sinn fhein (ge nàr e) le 'r coix'efhein ga cur aog adh aindeoin!Mo chreach MacLachaiim, MacLeoid,agus Munro!"Gim teagamh tha na Goill na'rmeasg agus sinne am measg nan Gall.Ach tha ann a theii* gu 'm bheil iadcho math ruinn fhein; agus marbiomaid cho simplidh 's a tha sinn,gim ionnsaicheadh iad a' Ghàidhlig.Is aithne dhomh fhein an iomacèarna de 'n Ghàidhealtachd teaghlaicheandiubh a rinn seo, agus atha 'n diugh na 's miaghaile uimpena an tromlach dhinn fhein! Chanfhaic thu balach is urrainn feadghlaica dheanamh nach fimh- e 'chua leigeadh's a stuigeadh am blialum isgann a thuigeas e fhein na 'chìi. Chachluinnear ach: "Cam ear ahent"" Ger away pack hoot pye" " Baudtalit" ''Laidli toon ther," '•'Cam en tomy fuht," agus gi*iasadan eile airnach cualas iomradh an gleann no 'ncoire ri linn ar seanaii-ean.Is culaidh-mhulaid e! Tha fhiosagam gun abair thu : Tha chùis guh-olc. Ach ciod a their thu an uaira dh'innseas mi dhut, mar nach biodhfios agad air, gum bheil na sgoilearan,(a bhuidhe ri Gobha-nan-duan, chad'fhuair mi fhein a bheag de sgoilann agus 's e 's lugha dragh) 's eadhna. sgoilearan a'toirt a h-anma-fàisaisde. Ma leanas iad ach goirid airant sheol a th' aca — gun fhios dhaibhfhein, ga cuthainneachadh, mar atheireadh ant shean bhean-chlàd e, leciasan de 'n ollainn Ghallda—èii'idhfhathast, agus a' Ghàidhlig na 'suainfo'n lie, Gearmailtich, agus theagamhTurcaich a bheir a chi'eidsinn ah* a'mhac nach d' rugadh, gur Beurla bh'aig Gàidhil an latha an diugh — gumbu Ghalldachd a' Ghàidhealtachd !
—;114 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara illos an t-Sarahraldh, 187S.Nach ciiiiuhne leat balchan beag, Bba 'n latba neo-stoirmeil agus sbaoilbreac-luii'gneacli, leas-iausgte, bhi aii* mi dol adb fbaicinn na luiuge, agusau aon leasan ruinn— Lachann-sg'oilearan giullau-siubbail ? Au uah' a a bbi ga m' sbocracbadb fbein air a'tbuarasdlaicb mi bàta beag; acb annghabh siuiie soii'idh bliiian leis "<strong>An</strong> bbeinge, le sgiorradb air cbor-eigin,Treoiricbe," agus leis an sgoil, lean tbionndaidb am bàta bun os cioun,esan riutlia ; cLuireadh a mach do agus bba mis iar tumadb matb batbaidbfbaotabm agus tbreig mi moDhun-Eideaun e, agus fhuair e airagbart gu b-anbarracb matli. Tlia run 's tbill mi air m' ais. Is beage 'n dràst aig an taigh, 's e ri 'dhicbiollag ionnsachadh do'n òigridli nacb bbeil e creidsinn 's na sitb-sin de Gbàidblig Lacbainn. GedGàidklig a lèugliadli agus a sgribbeadb; agus is ann da is aitbue. Tba e sgialacbd riamb, tba e na dbeadbicbean, 's ged nacb d' ionnsaicbe mion-fbiosracb mu gacb rudanacbd cbnacaicbe—acb bbeireadh e ort doa bbuineas do tbaibseacbd na cblitb cball ag gàireacbdaicb—tbaGàidblig, agus neotbar-tbaing mur e cbo fritbearra, fada na 'bbeacbdd' fbuair e Ian eolas mu dbeas, air a fbein. Tba e fulangacb air fuacbdpeathraicliean—fbuair 's air a sinnsearana cbriocb cian mu'n d'rugadb 'sbeòladb. Is ann a tbeire "Bburr-'s air acras, acb cban fbulling ee. Bu cbo matb leis duine ga bbualadb's a' cbamaig-gbarraidb le tri iad 's a' Bbèurla." Cba nàr leis idiraidb tba tbu ann, siod mar a tbeirdùirn de bbata Dbo'cb-an-fbasaidb, tigbin a macb le briatbracbas marri aon tuisleadb fbaotaimi ag ceum seo: "Stad air son mineid," an àite"stad beag, moille bbeag;" "Leigleam faicinn," an aite, "Cuimbnicborm," "Fuiricb orm;" "A'snàmbanàilleas," an àite, " Aii- snàmb," &c.na Staire-nobba, (is aitbne dbut i,OS cionu Buinne-Mbic-Bbeatbain)"Leatban ri leatban, a's caol ri caol."Acb adb aindeoin sin uile tba efairtleacbadb air (ma tba fiacb-risann) smaoin sa bitb a dbeilbb acb airuaidnean na beirte - Gallda. Bbae la bba 'n siod am Bruacb-Màiri('s a' G-bearrastan). Bba soitbeacbsgadana' fiaradb na Linge-duibbeagus long Locblannacb an acarsaidCbamus-nan-Gall. Bba'n la fiatbail,agus smaoinicbear e del adb fbaicinnna luinge, agus fastaidbear bàta beag.Au uaii- a bba e ga sbocracbadb fbeinair an tobbta, le tubaist air cbor-eigin,tionndaidbear am bàta air a bbialfotba,agus faigbear am fleasgacbtumadb matb batbaidb, agus atbarraicbearbeacbd's tillear air'ais. Nise,tombais cia mar a db' innis e seo anoidbcbe roimbe an taigb an taillearl"Bba mi," ai-s esan ('s e fiacbainngeal na siila) air la àraidli am Bruacb-Màiri. Bba soitbeacb-sgadan a' bualadbLocb-Linne no Locb-Ial, aguslong de Locblann an Camas-nan-Gall." Aitean tar am bbeil a' Gliàidblig iara labbaii't" an aite, " Dùtbcbannanno àiteacban far am beileas," &c."Is coigricb sinn do'n bbainne," anaite, "Tba am bainne na annas oirnn,"no "Tba sinn fbein 's am bainne na'r coigricb" no "na'r n-aitbnicbinnail" a cbèile," "Tba sinn ullamb gubbi faotainn coLre do dbaoine," anaite (ma 's fàgail no laigse-nàdair atb' aige na bbeacbd), "Tba sinndeas air coire fbaotainn do dbaoine."" Seirbbis-sbiobbalta" an aite " Seirbhisna Bam-igb" agus "Aii-giod-crochaidb"an aite " Pàidbeadb-rigb" !Cba dad idii- am briatbracbaslamb ris an fbaclacbadb. Chanbbeil urad na cloinne-bige nachblieil ag gabbail seirbhe dbetb—rinniad "pioc-an-coimbeacb" dbetb. Chanbbeil aite 's an tacbab- iad, ge d' tbae maoidbeadb beum-clacbain orra, 'sag iimse gur b-ann mar siod a sgribb
;!—I!— >Dara in OS an t-3amhraldh, 1873, AN GAIDHEAL. 115an Stiubhai'tacli e, nach dean iad"Mile-Chuartaig" ag gabhail a' cheileiridhseoThuit an ga^^ml<strong>An</strong>ns an avinnOidhche-Sha\ànn'S bkris e avachA's a chnavanIs duilich learn ri innse dhut nachurrainn do Challum-tàillear gluasadgun na luirg; 's e an neoni ansaoghal ! Bha uaii' a bheireadh e airna muigliicliean ; agus tha Rob ag curair gun robh geall-reise eatoiTa. Achcoma, nach bheil cuimhne agad an lachaidli sinn na 'r triùir a choimbead''Clacli-an-turramain" agus "XJambaShomhaii-le'?" Nacli bu cblis siubblachan latha sin el Tha iadsan anGleann-Nibheis fhathast, agus a rèiicoltaisbithidh gu " la nan ci'each"cia dhiubh. Cha do dhùisg a' chlachas an turra-chadal, agus tha 'n uamhadubh, dorcha'n siod mu choinneamhBun-na-Stille—le'bial cumhang's lee conas as a leth lurgainn. Thuig egun robh 'n tàillear ag gabhailseirbhe de Ghàidhlig' Lachainn, agusiarrar air a' ghille choir cunntas athoirt seachad mu'thurus do Ghleann-Nibheis. Thoisich Lachann ": <strong>An</strong>na bhi del dhomh a choimhead ' Clachan-fhulaisg,'air la àraidli, chaidh miadh Uamha Shomhairle' a tha farsaingaig a h-lochdar agus caol aig a'mullach. Chunnaic mi"—<strong>An</strong> uaii- achuala an tàillear seo, chaidh ceol nah-oidhche aii- feadh na fidhle—chaille 'chluas-èisdeachd—ruith an fhoighidinn,'s ghlaoidh e le àii'd' a ghuth" iSto]) it, Lachie, none <strong>of</strong> your conundrumshere," 's thugar togail air a'chrasgaig, 's mur biodh Aonghuslaòr, coir làmh ris thuiteadh diiibhaila bu lugha na thuit an CuilfhodairIs mithich sgiu* de'n Ghàidhlig-Ghallda mu'n tilg thu orm: "<strong>An</strong>inisg ga cur's a bun aig a' bhaile."Is mi, &c.,Abeach.<strong>An</strong> Tom Buiclhe,Latha Bealltuinn, 1873.NAIDHEACHD.Bha ann an Normandy, 'a anFhraing,cosnaiche bha air ur phosadh,duine calma sgairteil, agus bha e fein's a bhean, mar bu choii- dhoibh abhi, anabharrach caidreach. Thachaii"dhasan a bhi 'g obair ri lathauisge 's gaillinn o mhoch gu anmoch,agus thainig e dhachaidh aii- a chlaidreadhgu goii't le h-obaii" a's drochshid.Bha 'bhean 'n a suidhe aig anteine."<strong>An</strong> d' thainig thu 'ghaoill"ars' ise, "nach e sin an latha! tha eair a bhi cho fliuch 's nach b' urrainnmise dol a dh' iarraidh uisge, agusleis a sin cha 'd fhuair mi do dhinneiiadheasachadh ; ach o'n tha thusa nish-ùrlar farsuing. Dh' innis cuideigindo Lachann gur b-ann 's an CO flinch 's is urrainn duit a bhi,uamha seo a rinneadh " Cha till sinn bhithinn a'd' chomain n'an rachadhtuille," agus, an latha roimhe, togar tu 'dh' iarraidh cuinneag uisge. " Thogair 's rachar a choimhead na b-uamlia. e 'n da chuinneig, agus thug e'nIs aithne dhut fhein Rob—bheii'cadh tobar ail-; bha 'n tobar greis air astar,ach cha b'fhada gus ando thill e; chuire aon do na cuinneagan aii' an urlar,agus thilg e na bha 's a' chuinneig eileail- mullach cinn a mhnatha, agus a'chuinneag eile air an doigh cheudna."Sin, a ghraidh," ars' esan, "thathusa nis co flinch 's is tirrainn duit abhi, agus tha mi 'n dochas nach misd'thu dol a dh' iarraidh an uisge."Tha deagh f hios againn nach 'eil a'h-aon do na mnathan Gaidhealach adheanadh a' leithid so; ach mar thuirtam Frangach, tha sinn "an dochas"nach misd' iad an sgeul beag so achluinntinn. Bha 'm Frangach bochd'u a dhuine spurtail, tuigseach : cha b'ionann agus ioma trusdar a bheii-eadhgleadhar an taobh an leth-chinn di,—Cuairtear nan Gleann,
—;116 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mlog an t-Samhraidh, ISTS.AIR LATHA ORDUIGH DHUNEIDEANN.Ged tha mi 's an Fhraiug 'g èisdeachd srannraicli na gaoith,B'e baile Dliimeideaiiu 'n diugh m' eibhneas a's m' ùigh,A's cluig bu bliiiin oraiii ri ceùlraidh do m' chridh,Toii-t cuii-idL gu cuii-m ann an cùirtean an Rlgli.FoNNAir /a illirin, illirin, uilUrin d,Air /ailliriii, illirin, uillirin ò,Air faillirin, illirin, uillirin d,Mo ricn air a' chomunn 's mo thogradh hhi led!Blii 'g èisdeachd a' bhuachaill,* a fliiiair mi 'n am fhèum,Gu beanntainnean Bhe.vladh a' stiuii-eadh mo chèum;'S air tùs chuir a'm' laimh a' gliloin'-amhaii'C de 'n or,Troimli 'm faca mi sealladh air fearunn na gloii*.Air faillii-in, illirin, &c.A chnideachd mo ghaoil gabhaibh aobhach an aòghTh' air a sgaoileadh le faoilt aig Fearsaoraidh nan Slògh ;'S' u uair a thig e air dàil dh' iarruidh bhlàithean a's meas.Na biodh aon gheug gun phairt oir' ri au'eamh 'n 'ur lios.Air faillirin, illirin,&c.B'e mo mhiann-sa ur ciocras blii riariucht' le gràdh'S ur n' Ò1 bhi gun airceas fo bliratacli an àigh;Ged tha mis' mar neach paiteach air ard-bheannaibh mor'G eisdeachd torman nan caochan 's nach fhaod dol nan coir.Ail- faillirin, illirin, &c.A nigheanan Shioin co geal is co dearg,Ged 's dubh mi seach sibhse na gabhaibh rium fearg*Bidh mise tliar chuaintean ga m' bhualadh le grian,A's sibhse gu miiirueach le buthaibh ga 'r dion.Air faUlii'tn, illirin,Gu 'm b' annsa na h-orain tha 'n coisri nan saoi,Na osag a' Cheitein ged 's èibhinn a laoidh ;'S 'n uair thig cruaidh-ghaoth a' Gheamhraidh 'cur greann airgach duil,'S ann o Shinai tha 'm fonn tha 's gach pone d' a cruit-chiuil.Air faillirin, illirin,&c.&c.Ged 's ciatach leani searmoin nan garbh-thonnan morMu uamhas lehobhah, mu mhorachd 's mu gloir ;Cha chluinnear a' luaidh iad air Uan Chalbhari,'S a chaoidh cha toir cunntas mu Chumhnant na Sith.Air faillii-in, illirin, &c,* <strong>An</strong> t-OUamli Maclachsiian, Eaglais Chaluim-Chille, Duneideann,
—;Dara ÌIios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 117Ach leanaidh mis' ceuman ur treudsa le deoin,'S 'n iiaii- niigeas mi 'n t-aite 'm bi lu- tamli mu thra'-neoin,Mar fhior-iiisge Elim 'n dei^li Mara bhi searbh,Bidh snaimhneas nan cluaintean 'n deigh cruaidh rathaideangarbh.Air faillirin, illirin, &c.Honfleur, anns an Fhraing,Mios mu dheireadh an Fhoghair, 1872.Mairi Nic Eallaie.TOIMHSEACHAIN.1. <strong>An</strong> uair a chuireas tu 'n t-suil as, isann is fearr a chi e.2. Theid e gu bord mor an Righ 's chaghabh e fiamh no faiteachas.3. Tha tear.ga fhada, chaol, chniaidhAig mo luaidh, an ribhinn ogIs lionmbor iad le 'm binn a guth,'S is ioma fear le 'm blasd' a pog.4. Baraille gun ton ann, 's e Ian defheoil duine.2. Fios fithich a' ruith gu ròic.3. Tart frithir gu òl a dhram.Natri rudanisdaoireth'ann:— 1. Uuibhcanchearc. 2. Feòil mhuc. 3. Glòirchailleach.Na tri rudan is milse th'ann;— 1. Mochuid fhin. 2. Mo bhean fhin. Agus,3. Titigainn dachaidh.Mar is coir teine fhadadh :Sèid agus seid an gual,A's seid gu ruighinn, cniaidb an sop.FUINE.Ged nach dean thu ach a' h-aon,Dean am bonnach beag;Agus ge do dheanadh tu naoidh,Dean am Ijonnach-beag a's crois air.Cha'n 'eil coir aig duine sam bith adheanamh mar a tboilicheas e, ach anuair a thoilicheas e an ni sin a ta ceart adheanamh.AN T-OLLAMH MACAOIDH.Is ann le mor dhuilichinn a thasinn a cur an ceill d'ar luchd-leughaidhgn 'n do chaocliail <strong>An</strong> t-OllamhUrramach, Mac-an-toisich Macaoidbair an d' thug sinn gearr-eachdraidh(le 'dhealbh) ann an aireamh 1 3 deFkeagairtean do na Toimhseachain'n Ghaidheal.anns an aireamh mu dheireadh:—Bha e re breagan1, Gathgreine;2, Ubh; 3, Cri;ban, no Partan; bhliadhnaichean air an ais agus gu4, Cnu.sonruichte o chionn mios no dha anam fior dhroch shlainte. Chaochail eSOP AS GACH SEID. ann am Portobello dluth do Dhuneideannair anNa sia buaidhean a bhat-seachdamhcumail suas nalathaFèinne:— 1. Agh Fhinn. 2. Lamb Ghoill. deug d'an mhios a chaidh seachad aig3. Prab - aoischeithirfichead bliadhna. (Jrhabhaidhbhuillean Oscair. 4. lomairtealamh Oisein. 5. Ruith chruaidh Chaoilte.sinn cothrom fathast air cuid6. Suidheachadh Chonain air a'de 'eachdraidh a thoirt do luchdleughaidha'ClHAiDHEiL, a nis o'n dh'chath.Tri subhailcean a' bhaird:1. Ciocras coin gu Ian a bhronn. fhalbh e agus nach ruigleas sgath abhi oirnn a bhuaidhean ainmeilaithris.NAIDHEACHDAKCha 'n 'eil a' blieag sam bith denaidheachdan ur no annasach againnri thaii-gse d' ar luchd-leughaidh aira' mhios so.Ged a tha a' Pharlamaid a niscruinn o chionn cheithir miosan,cha 'nurrainn duinn a radh gu 'n do chuiriad ach gie l)heagan troimh anlanrhan. Chaidh a' chas-bhacain achur air an Uachdranachd ann an
!ns AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an t-Samliraidli, 1873.toiseach na clihiiche an uair a thilgTigh-nan-iiaislean a mach am Bill achuircadh air am beulaobh le Mr.Gl(((Jsto)ie, Ard - cliomhairleach naBaiirigh, air son ath-uidbeamachaidliagns riaghailteachaidli nan Oil-thigheanann an Eirinn. Clia do chord eris an tigh; chuii- iad cul ris; thilgan Uachth-anachd a snas an dreuchdan,agus ged a chaidh iompaidh achur orra an gabhail air an ais, chad' fhuair iad ceart os a chionnoir, cha'n fhaod i marsainn achseachd bliadhna, agus tha annine sin a nis dluth air teachdgn crioch.Tha Ard-sheanaidhean Eglais-nah-Albaagus na h-Eaglaise Saoire a'cinnail an coinneamhan bliadhnail andrast ann an Dun-eideann. Thatar agradh, " gur sona an rioghachd a thagun eachdraidh," oir, is bitheantagu 'm bheil eachdraidli rioghachdangu mor air a deanamh a suas debhlair, de fhuil-dhortadh agus deeuchdan ghaisgeach. Ma tha an niceudna fior mu na h-eaglaisean thaiad a' mealtainn an t-sonais so ambliadhna. <strong>An</strong>n an Seanadh na h-Eaglaise Steidhichte tha gach nithuige so a' dol air aghart "gunghuth mor gun droch fhacal " ; thacunntais thaitneach air an tabhairt alathair mu shoirbheachadh cuiseanna h-eaglais an coitcheann air a'lihliadhna chaidh scachad. Bhuilicha' Bhain-igh choir—saoghal fada dhimar is gnath leatha a h-uile bliadhna,da mhile punnd Sasumiach air aneaglais a chum eolas a sgaoileadham measg nan Gaidheal d' am blu'ila' leithid de ghradh aice.Tha an neul dorcha a bha bagairtan Eaglais Shaor a sgoltadh 'n abloighdibh aii- a sgapadh air falbh.Tha a' bhuidheann a chuireadh airleith a' dhcich l)liadhna 'n ama so adh' fheuchainn am biodh e comasachposadh a dhcanamh a suas eadar ifhein agus na Uiiited rreshyterians,air a cur mar sgaoil, agus ceisd anAonaidh a dhuisg a leithid de bhuaireasagus de dh-aimhreit feadh nah-Alba gu leir ri bhi, car tamuill codhiu, ah,- a cur a leth-taobh. Ciod eah- bith am beachd a bhios aig cuid adhaoine, agus tha dearbh fhios againnfhathast. Is i ar barail nach tig gu'm bi ioma barail ann, mu cheartachdagus mu iomchuidheachd anmoran cobhaii- orra gus an teid a'Pharlamaid a chur mar sgaoil agns Aonaidh na 'n tachradh e mar bua thaghadh as ur—ni a thachras air mliiami le aireamh mhor anns an daa' chuid is fhaide an ath-bhliadhna, eaglais, gidheadh, tha luchd trom aira thogail bharr inntinn ioma aon abha o chionn nine fhada fo amharusgu'm bidh an Eaglais Shaor air aspealgadh as a cheile; agus tillidhmoran a chaidh a Dhun-eideann gugle smuaireineach, dhachaidh le ceumaotrom agus le cridhe aoibhneach.Shocraich an t-Ard-sheanadh air a'cheann mu dheireadh gu 'm faodadhministear de na United Preshyteriansa bhi air a ghairm do aon de chomhthionalaibhua h-Eaglaise Saoire na'n aontaicheadh e gabhail ris nabeachdan a bha i a' teagasg agusa' cur an ceill mu dhleasannasan iiachdarain shaoghalta do 'neaglais—ann an aon f hacal, na'ntionndadh e do 'n Eaglais Shaoragus na 'n fo-sgriobhadh e a riaghailteanmar aon d'a ministearan fein.Jacal 's AW Ilcalivrhabk.NoEVAL.—Tha <strong>An</strong> Gaidheal ag ol adheoch-eolais ort. Co thu? Bu nihathleiiiu greim cridheil f haighinn air ilo lamh,oil- tha sinn gu mor air ar mealladh murduine suilbhear, aoidlicil tlui. Dh' aithiiichcaniaidso air mcarachas do litreach.Cha ruig thu leas a bhi cho maUla margu 'm bu nighean og <strong>An</strong> Gaidheal;cuiridh sinn geall nach 'eil thu cho sgàthachan lathair do leannain. Chuinneamaiduait a ritliisd.
THE GAEL,ENGLISHCELTIC TEMPERAMENT.Sentiment is the word which markswhere the Celtic races, Gael andCymri, really touch and are one;sentimental, if the Celtic nature is toDEPARTMENT.J-XJJSTE^ 1873.l)e characterised by a single term, isthe best term to take. <strong>An</strong> organisationquick to feel impressions, andfeeling them very strongly; a livelypersonality, therefore, keenly sensitiveto joy and sorrow; this is themain point. The essence <strong>of</strong> thistemperament is to aspire ardentlyafter life, light, and emotion; to beexpansive, adventurous, and gay.Our word gay, it is said, is itselfCeltic. It is not from gaudium^ butfrom the Celtic gair, to laugh; andthe impressionable Celt, soon up andsoon down, is more down because itis so his nature to be up, to besociable, hospitable, eloquent, admired,figuring away brilliantly.Heloves bright colours, he easily becomesaudacious, overcrowing, full <strong>of</strong>fanfaronade. For good and for badthe Celtic genius is more airy andunsubstantial, goes less near theground, than the GermanSentimental, always readij to reactagainst the despotism <strong>of</strong> fact^ that isthe description a great friend <strong>of</strong> theCelt gave <strong>of</strong> him, and it is not a baddescription <strong>of</strong> the sentimental temperament;it lets us into the secret<strong>of</strong> its dangers, and <strong>of</strong> its habitualwant <strong>of</strong> success. Balance, measure,and patience, these are the eternal conditions,even supposing the happiesttemperament to start with, <strong>of</strong> highsuccess; and balance, measui-e, andpatience, are just what the Celt hasnever had. Even in the world ufspiritual creation he has never, inspite <strong>of</strong> his admirable gifts <strong>of</strong> quickperception and warm emotion, succeededperfectly, because he neverhas had steadiness, patience, sanity^enough to comply with the conditionsunder which alone can expression beperfectl}^ given to the finest perceptionsand emotions. . . . ; <strong>An</strong>dyet, if one sets about constituting anideal genius, what a great deal <strong>of</strong>the Celt does one find one's selfdrawn to put into it! The sensibility<strong>of</strong> the Celt, if everything elsewere not sacrificed to it, is a beautifuland admirable force. Do not letus wish that the Celt had had lesssensibility, but that he had been moremaster <strong>of</strong> it. Even as it is, if hissensibility has been a source <strong>of</strong>weakness to him, it has been asource <strong>of</strong> power too, and a source <strong>of</strong>happiness.—Dr. Matthew Arnold.GIFT OF OLD GAELIC PAPERSTO THE DUKE OF ARGYLL.A large and valuable collection <strong>of</strong>old papers has been lately given tothe Duke <strong>of</strong> Argyll by Mr. Campbell<strong>of</strong> Sonachan, and these have beenfound to include a curious song*which appears to be a genuine composition<strong>of</strong> 1528, written in praise <strong>of</strong>Colin, third Earl <strong>of</strong> Argyll, upon hisbeing appointed by James V. tocommand an expedition against theDouglases, who were then inrebellion on the Borders—an incidentthat is duly recorded bj' Buchananin his national history. This* Our readers will remember that thissong apjteared in The Gael last December,
—120 THE GAEL. June, 1S73.Colin, like the present head <strong>of</strong> theCampbells, ^vould seem to have hadliterary tastes, and is mentioned inIrish annals as a generous, hospitableman, who gave gifts to learnedscribes and bards. Mr. J. F. Campbell<strong>of</strong> Isluy, brother-in-law <strong>of</strong> EarlGranville, and compiler <strong>of</strong> "TheTales <strong>of</strong> the West Highlands," hastranslated the song, with the aid <strong>of</strong>the Rev. N. Macpherson, the parishminister <strong>of</strong> Inverai-ay, one <strong>of</strong> the mostlearned men <strong>of</strong> the Church <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>,and who has probably only twoequals in the country as a Gaelicportrait <strong>of</strong> an ancient Avest country'exi)edition. " They launch theirboats, they step their masts, theyhoist a square-sail, make the tack <strong>of</strong>the lug-sail fast to the weather cathead,set a fore-sail, and beat towindward, using oars. This picturesqueold navy <strong>of</strong> Loch-Fyne werevery like the modern hei-i'ing fleet forsize and rig. Such boats ai-e commonlysculptured on tombstones, andare blazoned on coats <strong>of</strong> arms." Mr.J. F. Campbell also remarks on thesmall Gaelic equivalents that arefound in the song <strong>of</strong> great titles, andtheir value when translated. Thetitle <strong>of</strong> "Riogh," which the bardgave to the earl whom he chose forlaudation, was gÌA-en to a great manypetty chiefs in Ireland and <strong>Scotland</strong>,and clearly is the word "Raja."When given to the Irish monarchAvho ruled at Tai'a over five provincialkings, they i)refixed a woi'd to makethe title"High Knig" (Ard Riogh).When given to a great nionaivh inthe East, they in like manner piefixeda word, and hence "MahaRaja." Thus, hy language*, we seethe Gael <strong>of</strong> the Scottish mountainsand the people <strong>of</strong> the sultry plains <strong>of</strong>India brought together. Mr. Canq>bell's translation <strong>of</strong> the old song, andnote thereupon, are both deeply interesting.ArgijUsliire Herald.MR. EDMUNDS' STATEMENTS.His letter in The Gael for last Januaryhas for its title "The lliver Names <strong>of</strong>England and <strong>Scotland</strong>, and what theyprove," bnt he does not adhere to this proposedsubject. He introduces what iswholly different and irrelevant—namely,the etymology <strong>of</strong> "Lanark. Now it isneither a river, nor is it in England. Noscholar. Mr. Campbell also testifies doubt in doing this he wished to withdrawthat he Avas aided in his work <strong>of</strong> attention from the English river names,translation by some boatmen on Lochwhichin numerous instances are <strong>of</strong> Gaelicand not <strong>of</strong> Welsh origin. Mr. Edmunds,Fyue as to the meaning <strong>of</strong> some<strong>of</strong> course, tries to show, like Chalmerstechnical words in the old song. It (from whom he has apparently copied),is interesting, because it gives a that the derivation <strong>of</strong> "Lanark" is from theWelsh language ; but this is wholly disprovedby its ancient spelling, which in1450 was " Lanrig," and in still more remotetimes, in 1315, it is also written"Lanrig," which appears in a charter <strong>of</strong>King Robert Bruce <strong>of</strong> that year. Thisconfutes Mr. Edmunds' making it to comefrom the Welsh word "Lanerch." Wheredid he ever find it so written or called,except by Chahners? There are severalplaces named "Lanrick" in <strong>Scotland</strong>,evidently the same word, and derivedfrom the Gaelic.Regarding "i^t^lomond" being a Welshname, there is another statement in hisletter. He says it is the same as " Flinlimmon,"from " P7(2;(-luman." If thiswas true then all the Benx and mountains<strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> must be from the Welsh" PuDi."Mr. Edmunds in his letter also statesthat the English river names (given bythe writer here<strong>of</strong>) arc not <strong>of</strong> the first, oreven <strong>of</strong> the siruiid magnitude, but are"insigniiicant brooks." This has beenwell replied to by your correspondent"Fraoch," in the number for March last,but attention is again drawn to this statement<strong>of</strong> Mr. Edmunds', as it was provedin your same number wherein his letterappears, that the English river namesgiven are not oidy <strong>of</strong> the second Init also<strong>of</strong> the first magnitude, and besides arederived from the Gaelic language. Theyinclu
THE GAEL. 121the largest rivers <strong>of</strong> England, which factfully confutes the assertion made. Mr.Edmunds in his letter states, and informsthe public, that he has "devoted manyyears to philological studies, in which theWelsh language has not been omitted."From this statement every one might expectto receive as the fruit <strong>of</strong> the ' ' manyyears study" etymologies <strong>of</strong> the names <strong>of</strong>places that must be received. Yet thebook on this subject by Mr. Edmunds*contains many most childish derivations.Thus he states "Mam-torr," in Derbyshire,means "Mother hill," proving hedoes not know what "Mam" signifies.The "Aide" <strong>of</strong> Suffolk, and thereV)y alsothe four streams in <strong>Scotland</strong> <strong>of</strong> that name,he states (in his book, p. 14,) tliat thederivation is from the English word the"Alder" trees that grew at the margin,thus asserting the name was not given tillthe English race and language came to l)eestablished in Britain—that is, not earlierthan the middle <strong>of</strong> the sixth century, sothat until that period these streams hadno name! At p. 12 <strong>of</strong> his book Mr. Edmundsstates that the names <strong>of</strong> the Scotchrivers and mountains were given ' ' longbefore" the Welsh race arrived ; therefore,not being named by the Welsh, tlteijcannot be in the Welsh language, yet onthe opposite and some succeeding pageshe proceeds to stultify himself l)y attemptingto show that the river names <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>are from the Welsh langiiage. Hemakes one exception, namely, in thosecalled "Eden," which are in <strong>Scotland</strong> andand also in the counties <strong>of</strong> Cumberlandand Kent. These last he says (p. 15)"must be conceded as Gaelic," and hegives a most extraordinary reason for theirbeing so, namely, that they got theirnames by the Gael from their "re^-c-mhlanceto the Scotch Eden.i .'" Therefore,according to Mr. Edmunds, the Gael hadsomehow got to the north part <strong>of</strong> Britain,peopled it, and named rivers called"Eden;" that afterwards they camesouth to Cumberland, and after thatemigrated a great deal further south,namely, to Kent, where they namedanother river the "Eden." Mr. Edmunds,<strong>of</strong> course, cannot see that the naturaldirection and emigration <strong>of</strong> the Gael musthave been the very reverse <strong>of</strong> what hisstatement involves, namely, that theycame from Gaul, landing in Kent, andthence spreading through the whole<strong>of</strong> England gave numerous river names• Traces <strong>of</strong> History in Names <strong>of</strong> Places.Second Edition. London : Longmans.therein, and arriving in the north part <strong>of</strong>the island gave many names to riversidentical to those they had given in England.Numerous other instances couldbe given <strong>of</strong> the al^surd derivations <strong>of</strong>names <strong>of</strong> places by j\lr. Edmunds, but onlyone more need be mentioned, that <strong>of</strong>"Dover." He states (at p. 199) it is derivedfrom the Welsh word " Dtcfwr"that signifies "ivater," but as every townin the world upon the sea coast or margin<strong>of</strong> a river is on the " water," we see howridiculous the derivation is, as they wouldall be "Dover," on the water.Mr. lidmunds, at p. 16 <strong>of</strong> his book,states that the prefix "Aber" is a Welshword; but he does not make known, ashe ought to have done, that it is also aGaelic one, and ignores the fact that thereare more places in <strong>Scotland</strong> commencingwith the prefix "Aber" than in Wales,and, further, that they are invariablyjoined to Gaelic words. If Mr. E. couldshow they were always joined to Welshwords, then his assertion might be received.The next statement to be noticed is theattempt made by Mr. Edmunds to depreciateGaelic, the language <strong>of</strong> the Highlanders<strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, and most unduly exaltthat <strong>of</strong> the Welsh over it. At p2J. 17and 18 <strong>of</strong> his book, he says "So far fromthe Cymric (that is, Welsh) being a secondaryor derivative tongue, it seemswhen tested to possess a greater numl)er<strong>of</strong> short root words than Gaelic, andtherefore to be nearer to the originalCeltic." This statement, if he couldprove it, would be satisfactory. He nextadds (same page), when parallel words<strong>of</strong> Gaelic and Welsh are examined, in theformer language they are ' ' in nearly everycase longer" than in the latter; again, hestates, "we are led to the conclusion thatthe Cymric ( Welsh) is the oldest existingform <strong>of</strong> the Celtic, and that the Gaelicrepresents a later <strong>of</strong>fshoot from the parenttree."Mr. E., in his attempt to justify thisconclusion, gives a comparison <strong>of</strong> Welshand what he calls Gaelic words, with theirsignifications in English. They are thirtyin number and cover the whole <strong>of</strong> p. 18;when these come to be examined, whatis to be thought <strong>of</strong> Mr. Edmunds whenwe find that there are at least twentywords oiit <strong>of</strong> the thirty that do not meanwhat he says they do, that many <strong>of</strong> themhave a wholly different meaning, also thatmany he gives as Gaelic are not to 1)6found in the languaye.We shall now go through the words
'"UiTHE GAEL.in (Gaeliccalled (4aelie by j\lr. Edmunds, and their" the hazel" is "cuilean;" it is or fen.meanings given by him, and prove therel^ynot, but means "a whelp."the Gaelic for "a rock" isHe states"creagach;"what has been said <strong>of</strong> them. He states it is not, the word being "creag." So inthat the Gaelic for "a flood" is "leabhar;"it is not, it means "a book;" further, thea similar manner he states that "maghair"is Gaelic for "a plain;" it is not, butGaelic for "a flood" has no resemlilanccis the genitive <strong>of</strong> "maghar," which wordto what Wr. E. gives. He says means "a bait to fish with," it is "magh"the Gaelic for "water" is "dubhar;" it is which is the Gaelic for "a plain." Wenot, but means "darkness," "or shade." have now come to the two last words <strong>of</strong>He says the Gaelic for "a to-mi" is Mr. Edmunds' list, the first <strong>of</strong> them is"treabli," whereas it means "to plough." the (iaelic "seann" meaning "old,'" andj\Ir. E. states that the Gaelic for "a fortifiedis pronounced "shen,"this he contraststown" is "bruighean;" there is no with the Welsh word "hen," meaningsuch word with that meaning in the language,it is mentioned in the Dictionary<strong>of</strong> the Highland Society <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, andthe same, but it is not one whit shorter,and moreover the Gaelic word is the rootadopted into the Latin language in theirsignifies "strife, a scolding, bi-awling. word ".sc?;-ex," which also means old,Mr. E. says that the Gaelic for "a station,"the termination ex was added by theis "siol ;" it is not, it means "seed, Romans, as they did in other words takenrace, or progeny." Mr. Edmunds, in this from the Celtic, the chief ones they addedlist <strong>of</strong> words gives "moin" as the Gaelic being "us" and "um."one which signifies "the brow <strong>of</strong> a hill," Having thus gone through Mr. Edmunds'but there is no such word in the language.list <strong>of</strong> pretended Gaelic wordsHe states that "mallach" is Gaelic for a (which he thi-oughout contrasts with the"bare hill;" there is no such word in the Welsh ones), it will be evident to everyGaelic langixage, the only one which even reader that his list is an imjjosition onresembles it is "mallachd," which means the public, who <strong>of</strong> course supposed they"a curse or imprecation." He says that were all genuine. If he did not inventthe Gaelic for the "place where a river the words which have been noticed, whereissues from a lake" is "balloch;" there is did he get them ? In Mr. Edmunds' attemptno such word in the Gaelic. Mr. E.to disparage the language <strong>of</strong> thestates that the word in Gaelic for "a Highlanders <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> he has whollyhollow" is "cumach;" it is not, or to be failed, and at the same time exhibits hisfound in the language, he appears to have l^r<strong>of</strong>ound ignorance <strong>of</strong> it and presumptioninvented his word from the Welsh in what he has written respecting it.' cwm" which means ' ' a hollow. " HeJames A. Robert.sox.appears to have done the same thing whenhe asserts that the Gaelic for "a steep CELTIC TOPOGRAPHY.place" is "alltha;" it does not belong to It occurred to me it might be interestingthe language, but "allt" is Welsh for it.to some <strong>of</strong> your readers to describeThere is a stream in Lancashire called the principal farm names in the basin <strong>of</strong>" the Allt," the Gaelic for "a stream" is the Orchay. By the basin <strong>of</strong> the Orchay"allt," but Mr. E., in his book (p. 14), I mean the whole region drained by themakes this Lancashire brook to mean "a Orc/irn/ and its sister streams the Locliaysteep place or mountain district;" it would on the left, the Strae or Ma hi on thebe hard to write a more absurd statement. right, all mixing their waters before enteringMr. E. says the Gaelic for "a ridge" isLoch Awe."cabhach;" no such word is known in I have purposely selected this vale asthe language, and it also appears to be an the most likely to afibrd us pure Scotoinventedword from the Welsh "cefn," Celtic place-names. Its central situationwhich means "a ridge." Mr. E. says close on the old Druhn-AUmn, long thethat the (iaelic for "a headland" is natural boundary between Celtic kinglings"beinn;" it is not, it means "a mountain."in the earlier history <strong>of</strong> our nation ; tooHe states that "a marsh" is far south and inland for the piratical andcalled in Gaelic "morphairge; " there is predatory incursions <strong>of</strong> the Northmen tono such word in the language, but he have settled there or given name to anysays the Welsh for it is "morfa," and place. <strong>An</strong>d I have not observed that Dr.here again a word seems to have been inventedM 'Lauchlan ever found any <strong>of</strong> his chimeri-which has a resemblance in the cal, or perhaps better spelled, Kymvehj,jjhantasmatic, weaUisc elfs vagrant here, s<strong>of</strong>ir.st part <strong>of</strong> it, and thereby put down asGaelic. Mr. E. stays that the word for as to drop a name on mountain, bog,
—June, 1873. THE GAEL. 12SThe nature <strong>of</strong> the locality, moreover,favours the idea <strong>of</strong> the ancient and pristinedwellers being most likely to retaintheir 23ossession <strong>of</strong> their original locality.Hemmed in on all sides by l<strong>of</strong>ty and impassal>lemountains, ' ' quamvis loca montuosaet tufa alijes altos circuvisepiehant."Here was the most ancient patrimony<strong>of</strong> the Macgregors (Glenstrae), the mostCeltic <strong>of</strong> all the Celtic clans, to whom nowriter ventures to ascribe any Norman orIrish extraction ; so that if these namesbe the old names <strong>of</strong> the several localities,they must be pure Celtic or nearly so.<strong>An</strong>d as we proceed you shall see howsimilar they are to the whole <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>'stopography. Let me premise that I givethe farms nearly in order, beginning atthe source <strong>of</strong> the Orciiai/.Glen Orchaij = "vale <strong>of</strong> difficulty."GlfH is from the numerous family, GreekkUn, English lean, Gaelic claoan, claonad,Welsh clain, clanead, " recumbent,""prostrate;" compare glin, "knee,"Cornish (jkuui, "bank," glijtin, Gaelic(jleann, (Gen.) glume, English "glen."Most likely referring to the impassiblecharacter <strong>of</strong> the region ; <strong>of</strong> same root asurch or orch in urchaid, "harm," urchaill,"chains," " iettevs," iirghairt "ill fate,""calamity." Compare Lsiiinnrgeo, arceo,verbs denoting "coercion" and "confiningso as to hinder," "impede," Greek arkeo,orkos, Latin orczts "the bourne from whichthere is no return." Here, too, I wouldclass the Orkadkm Isles.Madagan na 7«oi;ia— "little plain <strong>of</strong>the peat mo.ss." MudAigania a diminutivealtered from viag/iagan, inadh, or viagh,"a plain" a most extensively used vocablein the topography not only <strong>of</strong> Britain l)ut<strong>of</strong> the Continent <strong>of</strong> Europe as well. Seeour a mach, properly a magh, "in thefield" German, am /eld, viagh, magheadh,Gaelic name <strong>of</strong> Monzie; so below, moliath,magh liatli, May in Inverness. Machar,machars, with ch for gh in Aberdeen andWigtownshire. Here also I would connectmànas, " a farm steading," as beinggenerally on a level plot, although theGreek mon(^, and Latin ìiuuì.-^Io may beeligible. Welsh ona, modern fa, contractedfrom mag. Aerna^ aer-ma, andcatv, magus, jn'oelii locus = bla7' catha.Helna = hel-ma, venationis locus, fearamiseilg. In the classical writers we have ahost <strong>of</strong> such names Ehuro-magus Rigomagus,Selgo-magus. In Sanscrit thisword appears under the form <strong>of</strong> mahi,terra, "earth," old H. German ge-mah,new German gtmacJi, Latin magnusmactus, Greek maia inaias. All aredescended from a root, mah, originallymagh, "to be great, powerful," hence,fi'om the notion <strong>of</strong> extension applied tothe plains, Ardmacha, Dear-7nacha = 0a,kfield;mag-lunga, campus navis, &c., inIrish places. Oortam na gohhar, "goat'spark." This word is clearly related totheEnglish "garden," Latin Aor-s?(.'i, Greekchortos, "yard," "court." This wordetymologically means "enclosed space,"A. G. geard, A. H. D. gart (gart, kart),"frith," "circle." Several Celtic namesshow this word as Llon-ghortain , "thelint park," gorta'm eorna, "the barleyl>a.rk,"gortaiii-fuarain, "wellpark." Baramhulrkh— "hill top." Bar is clearly thesame as Sanscrit ?^/
—L24 THE GAEL. Tune, 187a.several cart loads <strong>of</strong> flint clipi)ings,manifestly broken <strong>of</strong>l' in the manufacture<strong>of</strong> flint instruments, for wehave been able to recover severalarrow heads, two roughly finishedchisels, and a hammer head <strong>of</strong> cxiriousshape, with a hole in the centre,which must have cost the maker nosmall amount <strong>of</strong> time and trouble inthe manipulation. What rendersthis "find" more interesting, is thefact that the material must have beenbrought to the place <strong>of</strong> manufacturefrom a considerable distance, flintbeing <strong>of</strong> rare occurrence anywhere inNether-Lochaber. Underlying sucha depth <strong>of</strong> solid moss and drift, sucha discovery necessai'ily carries us backto a race <strong>of</strong> men who lived in a veryremote period indeed; how remote,even geology is as yet unable absolutelyto say. We were unfortunatelyfrom home at the time thediscovery was made, and were thusprevented from examining the wholein nitu. This much, however, iscertain, that under a diluvial bed <strong>of</strong>drift, gravel, and sand, <strong>of</strong> upwards<strong>of</strong> two feet in thickness, underlying athickness <strong>of</strong> at least six feet <strong>of</strong> solidmoss, a flint instrument manufactoryis found, the work <strong>of</strong> a people wholived before the deposit <strong>of</strong> that driftand the growth <strong>of</strong> that moss. Howmany thousands and thousands <strong>of</strong>years ago lived that flint workingrace, who, in view <strong>of</strong> the extremeslowness <strong>of</strong> geological changes, cansay] We knoM- that in the celebratedcase <strong>of</strong> the discovery <strong>of</strong> flintweapons at Abbeville and elsewherein France, the remains <strong>of</strong> extinctspecies <strong>of</strong> elei)hant, rhinoceros, andother mammals were found at animmense depth in the drift alongside<strong>of</strong> flint insti-uments unquestionablyfashioned by human hands. Whetherour Ballachulish discovery is to beheld as a connecting link with aiifople <strong>of</strong> iin antiquity as remote asthose <strong>of</strong> Abbeville, it would be rashpositively to assert; but the flintworkers, some remains <strong>of</strong> whoselabours have, as we have stated, beenrecently brought to light in oiu*neighbourhood, must have lived ata period when the face <strong>of</strong> the countrywas geologically very different fromwhat it is now; and rememberinghow slowly as a rule geologicalchanges are brought about, we shallprobably be still within the mark ifa25proximately we fix the ei'a <strong>of</strong> theearliest flint workers at somethinglike ten thousand years ago, and inthe case <strong>of</strong> Abbeville continentalarch?eologists have had no hesitationin suggesting a still remoter antiquity.THE HIGHLANDER.We cordially welcome The Hiyhlandei\the first three numbers <strong>of</strong>which ha-v-e made their appearance.Its general get up, and the evidences<strong>of</strong> care and taste disi^layed in theselection <strong>of</strong> its varied contents, aswell as the healthful vigour <strong>of</strong> itseditorials, aiigiir well for its futuresuccess. Its Gaelic department continuesto retain its interest ; and notthe least useful feature is "Notes <strong>of</strong>Interrogation," with their answers,which are calculated to elicit a gi-eatamount <strong>of</strong> inlbrmation regardingCeltic and other lore which wouldotherwise lie buried in oblivion orslumbering only in the memory <strong>of</strong>some old gossip, and in danger, likemuch <strong>of</strong> our unwritten literature, <strong>of</strong>being altogether lost. We cannotbut think that the conductors <strong>of</strong> thisnew ally have been unfortunate intheir selection <strong>of</strong> a Gaelic titleArd-alhannach, though it was adoptedin defei'ence to ourselves. Why doit by translation at alii Ratherstrike out for a new name that conveysthe idea without adhering quite
——!!;—;!;—THE GAEL. 125so closely to the terms as they are inEnglish HigMander. We merelysuggest this because we think thatconsiderable hurt is done to our oldand revered mother tongue by theliteral translation <strong>of</strong> technical termsand proper names, as if the languagewere impotent to furnish names inkeeping with its own genius andidiom. We are not <strong>of</strong> those whoask lightly, "What's in a name?"though we grant that "a rose by anyother name would smell as sweet,"and are willing to acknowledge theexcellent flavour <strong>of</strong> the Ard-alhannachand wish it a long and successfulSTANDS SCOTLAND WHERE ITDID?Land <strong>of</strong> the Bruce! I marvel how,With scarce a murmur, comeat thouTo let it seemAs if thy nameWere <strong>of</strong>f the list <strong>of</strong> nations now.Shall a race who ne'er, as foes,Could their yoke on thee impose.Not in vainCeaseless strain,Now thy history's page to close?Up! or evermore disovraThy once well-won fair renown;If, <strong>of</strong> two.One must do.Let the Saxon name go down.Strange how word so brief as ScotSticketh in the <strong>An</strong>glo throatThat Maelstrom,Like a doom.Gulping down all else we 've gotIs there any noble deedTold <strong>of</strong> men born north <strong>of</strong> Tweed?—Ten to oneIn Times or Sun,'T is <strong>of</strong> Englishmen we read!If a battle has been wonBy a Campbell, Gough, or Gunn ;Take the blows,Macs and O's,England takes the praiae alone.What delusion you conceive.You sometimes your Queen receiveYours, indeed!Can't you readShe 's only England's—upon leave.Scribblers <strong>of</strong> the Cockney school,Verily you 've crazed .John BullSaxon blood.Clear as mud!Who but he the world shall rule!Scotsmen, 't is high time that weCeased to feed such vanity;Time to showOur old foeHe is only one <strong>of</strong> three.Nobler 't were our rights to yield,Vanquished in the battle-field,Than thus beQuietlyWorse than from earth's map expelled.Teach we then those braggarts tallTheirs alone their ovra. to call,<strong>An</strong>d save in drink,To never thinkThat England yet is all in aU.MY ROWAN TREE.[Written on receiving in Canada abunch <strong>of</strong> Rowan Berries taken from a treeplanted by the author when a boy.]Fair shelter <strong>of</strong> my native CotThat Cot so very dear to me,how I envy thee thy lot,My long lost Rowan TreeThou standest on thy native soil.Proud-looking o'er a primrosed leaThe skies <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> o'er thee smile,Thrice happy Rowan Tree !Well do I mind that morning fairWhen, a mere boy, I planted thee :A kingdom now were less my careThau then my Rowan Tree.How proudly did I fence thee round !How fondly think the time might beI'd sit with love and honour crown'dBeneath my Rowan Tree.My children's children thee would climb,Inviting grand-papa to see1 yet might weave some deathless rhymeBeneath my Rowan Tree.'Twas thus I dream'd, that happy day,I'd die to think my fate would beSo soon to plod life's weary way.Far from my Rowan Tree.
;;'126 THE GAEL.Long years have passed since last I eyedThy growing grace and symmetry;A stranger to me sits besideily long-lost Rowan Tree ;Yet still in fancy I can markThy lily bloom and fragrancy,<strong>An</strong>d birds that sing from dawn to dark,Pereh'd on my Rowan Tree.Like Eixbies red on Beauty's breast,Thy clustering berries yet I seeHalf-hiding sume spring warbler's uest,Left in my Rowan Tree.Fair as the maple green may tower,I'd gladly give a centuryBeside it for one happy h( mrBeneath my E,owan True.The forest many trees can boast,]SIore tit perhaps for kneel or kneeBut none for grace, in heat or frost,Can match the Rowan Tree.How beautiful above them aU,Its snow white summer draperyA cloud <strong>of</strong> crimson in the fall.Seems <strong>Scotland</strong>'s Rowan Tree.Well knows the boy at Beltane time.When near it in a vocal key.What whistles perfectly sublime,Supplies the Rowan Tree.Well knows he too what ills that wretchMight look for, who would carelesslyHome in his load <strong>of</strong> firewood fetchAught <strong>of</strong> the Rowan Tree.In vain would midnight hags colleagueTo witch poor Crummie's milk if sheHad only o'er her crib a twig(Jut frcjm the Rowan Tree.Alas that in my dreams aloneI ever now can hojje to seeMy boyhood's home and thou my own,My matchless Rowan Tree !Evan M'Coll.GAELIC LODGE OF GOODTEMPLARS.A friend sends us the following:— " Onthe .30th April a number <strong>of</strong> brothers andsisters from the ' St. Cohnnba ' Lodge,an
——June, 1873. THE GAEL. 127explain the lessons read by them in a languagethey know nothing about, certainlya severe task for youngsters. How muchbetter it would be to make the childrento read thoroughly their own language,and then set them to learn English bymaking them translate it into Gaelic ! Inthis way they would soon come to understandEnglish intelligently, and, at thesame time, have the means within theirreach <strong>of</strong> extending their knowledge <strong>of</strong> thelanguage after leaving school. The timethus sj^ent in teaching children to readGaelic in school is certainly not mis-spent,but time well and pr<strong>of</strong>itably occupied.Our young Highlanders would not leaveschool, as they <strong>of</strong>ten do, unable to understandproperly the language they havebeen learning to read, and incapalile <strong>of</strong>reading their own language, which theyotherwise understand, if such a coursewere adopted in Highland schools."Oban Times.QTorrcisponbcnxc.OISEAN AGUS AN CLEIREACH.Sir, — In the April number <strong>of</strong> TheGael you give anonymously a most carefullyedited version <strong>of</strong> the above Ossianicballad. As one who takes great interestin all that pertains to our Celtic ancestoi's,I beg to <strong>of</strong>fer the following pedigree <strong>of</strong>the piece in question, and would suggestto your contributors the desirability <strong>of</strong>giving the source <strong>of</strong> their contributionswhen these happen to be <strong>of</strong> an antiquariannature :M'Nicol's MSS., for an account <strong>of</strong>which see Leabhar na Feinne, xv., pp.41-43, and The Gael, Vol. I., p. 84..Gillies' collection, p 18; Miss Brooke'sEebques <strong>of</strong> Irish Poetry, II., p. 271;Leabhar na Feinne, p. 72.I may mention that the text is evidentlyfounded on that given in the last mentionedcollection <strong>of</strong> Ossianic ballads.I am, &c., D. C. M.Edinburgh, May 10, 1873.On one occasion two irreverent youngfellows determined, as they said, to 'taigle'the minister. Coming up to him in theHigh Street <strong>of</strong> Dumfries, they accostedhim with much solemnity—' Maister Dunlop,dae ye hear the news?' What news?''' 'Oh, the deil's deed.' Is he?' said Mr.Dunlop, 'then I mauu pray for twafaitherless baima,'NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS,The Herring Trade. — The Lewisfishing up to this date has been tolerablysuccessful in catch, if there are not toomany caught for the season and quality.Dunoon and Kilmun.—At a meetingheld in the Parish Church <strong>of</strong> Dunoon onMonday 5th May, it was resolved to askthe E,ev. Robert Blair, A.M., <strong>of</strong> St. Columba,Glasgow, tf) accept <strong>of</strong> the pastorate<strong>of</strong> the united parish vacant by the death<strong>of</strong> the Eev. Dr. Clark, and a deputationwas appointed to wait upon Mr. Blair inreference to the matter. We understand,however, that Mr. Blair declines to acceptthe call, much to the delight <strong>of</strong> his largeand enthusiastically attached congregationin Glasgow.Death <strong>of</strong> the Bishop <strong>of</strong> Argyll.—We regret to announce the death <strong>of</strong> theEight Rev. Alexander Ewing, LL.D.,D.C.L., the Bishop <strong>of</strong> Argyll and theIsles. The right rev. prelate was theeldest son <strong>of</strong> Mr. John Ewing, <strong>of</strong> Sheelagreen,Aberdeenshire, and was born in1815. He married first, in 1835, theeldest daughter <strong>of</strong> Ludovic Stewart <strong>of</strong>Pittyvaich, in Banffshire, which lady diedin 185G; secondly, in 1862, he marriedLady Alice Louisa, third daughter <strong>of</strong> theeighteenth Ea,rl <strong>of</strong> Morton. Dr. Ewingwas ordained in 1838, and consecratedBishop, in 1847, <strong>of</strong> the See <strong>of</strong> Argyll andthe Isles (for which Bishop Low left anendowment), at that time disjoined fromthe Diocese <strong>of</strong> Moray and Ross. The loss<strong>of</strong> Bishop Ewing will be generally felt,not only in the Communion <strong>of</strong> which hewas an esteemed and distinguished member,but by all those who knew and appreciatedhis unobtrusive piety and intellectualcast <strong>of</strong> character. For some yearspast, owing to failing health, the deceasedhad taken but little part in the generalbusiness <strong>of</strong> the Episcopal Church, devotinghimself chiefly to literary researchesin connection with the early history <strong>of</strong>Christianity in the.se islands. He "wasthe editor <strong>of</strong> a monthly periodical calledPresent Day Papers. He had also writtena considerable number <strong>of</strong> books and tracts.He was the author <strong>of</strong> one <strong>of</strong> the mostpopular <strong>of</strong> modern hymn tunes, that towhich "Jerusalem the golden" is usuallysung, and which in most collections bearsthe name <strong>of</strong> "Ewing." Theologically Dr.Ewing belonged to the subdivision <strong>of</strong> theLiberal party in the Church which hasbeen called (says the Pall Mall Gazette)"Broad, with unction." In private life
—128 THE GAEL. .Tuno, 1873.he was a very kindly and benevolent man.Dr. Ewiug, who was in his fifty-ninthyear, died <strong>of</strong> bronchitis. He leaves agrown-up family by his first marriage.One <strong>of</strong> his daughters is the wife <strong>of</strong> Mr.Walter Crum, Glasgow ; another is marriedto Mr. William Ingham Whittaker,Palermo. His eldest son is a stafl' <strong>of</strong>ficerin India ; his second is rector <strong>of</strong> Walmer,in Kent; his third is in the Royal Navy;and the fourth is a student at the ScottishEpiscopal Seminary, Logieabnoud, Perthshire.New Zealand.—The Celts <strong>of</strong> thissouthern colony have been holding meetingsfor the promotion <strong>of</strong> Highland gamesand customs. A correspondent informsus that everything passed most satisfactorily;the utmost good order and sobrietyobtained at all the gatherings. In pipemusic there were five competitors — genuineflaels, all in costume, and good players.A sixth set <strong>of</strong> pipes was on the ground,in the hands <strong>of</strong> Mr. Don. Cameron <strong>of</strong>Riverton, who also, along with severalother non-competitors, was in Highlandcostume. This gentleman kindly acteda» judge <strong>of</strong> music. He has made bagpipemusic one <strong>of</strong> the special studies <strong>of</strong> his life,and is probably one <strong>of</strong> the best judgesthere<strong>of</strong> in these Colonies; he also is a trueGael, hailing from Lochaber.The Rev. Mr. Cameron's Articleson Philology and GaelicGrammar lohich have been interruptedby the pressure <strong>of</strong> otherwork will be resumed in ournext number.THE GAEL.Payable in Advance.FOR ALL PARTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM,Five Shillings and Sixpence per <strong>An</strong>num, including Postage.FOR PLACES ABROAD,A Special Edition <strong>of</strong> ' ' The Gael " is printed on thin paper, to come within thePenny rate <strong>of</strong> Postage to places outside <strong>of</strong> the United Kingdom, but Subscribers wishingto pay the extra Postage, which is Twenty-five Cents, or One Shilling sterling,can have the other quality sent to them instead.Our Subscribers in Canada (where "The Gael" was originally started) had it forthe first year at One Dollar; but as "The Gael" is now nearly Double its OriginalSize, and we have to pay Four, and in some cases Eight times the amount <strong>of</strong> Postagerequired in Canada, we have to chai'ge a uniform rate <strong>of</strong> One Dollar and a Quarter,or Five Shillings sterling, and the British Postage (which we have to pay) added, willmake the Terms <strong>of</strong> Subscription to the difiurent places abroad as follows :'Jo Canada, and all parts <strong>of</strong> British North America, the United States, Australia,New Zealand, India, &c.. One Dollar and a Half (.$1.50) or Six Shillings sterling perannum ; on Thick Paper, One Dollar and Three Quarters ($1.75), or Seven Shillingssterling.SPECIAL NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.All Communications connected with the Editorial Department <strong>of</strong> "The Gael'should be addressed to tlie Editor <strong>of</strong> "The (ìakl;" and Communications on theGeneral Business, to the Puljlishers <strong>of</strong> " The CJael," 34 Hutcheson Street, Glasgow.Letters intended for the Editor or Publishers should not, under any circumstances,be sent to the individual address <strong>of</strong> either employes <strong>of</strong> the <strong>of</strong>fice, or the Publishers,as they are apt to be delayed or miscarried, and perhaps lost altogether, in the event<strong>of</strong> the party addressed being absent.The Of ice <strong>of</strong> "The Gael," has been removed at WHITSUNDAY toNo. 34 HUTCHESON STREET
;II Leabh.] TREAS MIOS AN" T-SAMHRAIDH, 1873. [17 Air.AIR CRUINN-MHEALLAIBHSOILLSEACH NAN SPEUR.EARRANN IX.Le bhi 'beachdachadh air oibribhmiorbhuileach na cruitheachd, raar atha iad aii* am foillseacliadh aims naneamliaibh is ceart a dh' flieudas siima radh maille ri Daibhidh, " Cha 'n'eil do shamhuil-sa am measg nan dia,a Thighearna, agiis cha 'n 'eil oibreami cosmhuil ri t' oibilbh-sa." "Nach'eil Dia ann an aii'de nan neamh Ìagus faic mullacli nan rionnag, ciaard a ta iad." Is esan an Dia uilechumhachdach" a ta 'toirt na greineail" son soluis anns an la, orduigheanna gealaich, agus nan reultan air sonsoluis anns an oidhche, agus a ta'deanamh na fairge ciuin tra bhios a'tuinn a' beucaich" (lerem. xxxi. o5).Thug sinn cheana fa'near ann anearrannaibh eile, cuid de na buaidhibha ta ri'm faiciun air cruinn-mheallaibhsoillseach nan speur. Labhairsinn airan aireamh, am mend, an astar, agus ansoilleireachd ; ach tha buaidhean eileorra, air nach do labhair sinn fathastagus 's iad sin, an doigh air am bheiliad a' gluasad, agus an dluth-tharruingnadurra a ta eatorra. Tha e 'n abhuaidh air gacli ni gu 'm fan e aigibis mur gluaisear e le cumhachdeigin eile. Ged is inuleachdach anobair a chithear ann an uaireadaii-,gidheadh cha ghluais e mur teannaicheara shlabhraidh. Cha charaicham peileir as a' ghunna, gus ancuirear teiue ris an fhudair. Ceartmar sin, cha ghluaiseadh an talamh,no na reultan, mur biodh cumhachdeigin air a ghnathachadh chum angreasadh mu 'n cuairt air an slighibhmora agus farsuing fein. A ris, thae aù' 'fhaotuinn a mach gu 'm bheil, athaobh nadair, dluth-tharruing eadargach aon ni anns a' chruitheachd,chum an dluthachadh r'a cheile. Isbuaidh so a chithear anns na smuirneanaibha's lugha, co math is annsna meallaibh a's mo 's a' chruitheachd.Chithear e anns a' bhraona 's lugha de 'n druchd aii- anlus mhaoth. 'S e an dluth-tharruingeachdso a ta 'deanamh an druchd'n a chuu-neanaibh cruinn agus boisgeachair bileagaibh an fheoir; agus's e mar an ceudna a tha 'gluasad nancruinn mheall soillseach anns naspeuraibh. Tha 'n dluth-tharruingeachdso laidir no lag, a reii' meudagus astar nan nithe anns am bheilan cumhachd so air a shuidheachadh.Air do 'n talamh so, uime sin, a bhi'n a mheall anabarrach mor, tha e a'tarruing gach mill eile a ta am fagusda, g' a ionnsaidh fein. Mar so,tilgeadh neach clach suas os a cheannanns na speuraibh, agus tuitidh i guh-ealamh a nuas dh' ionnsaidh natalmhainn far an luidh i gun charuchadh.Agus carson"!? Tha, achionn gu'm bheil an talamh a'dluththari'uingna cloiche d'a ionnsaidhfein! Tha fios againn nach soirbhle moran so a thuigsinn, oir their iadgu 'm bheil a' chlach a' tuiteam le'cudthrom fein ; ach, nach 'eil ancudthrom ceudna aice gu dol suasanns na speuraibh, no gu gluasad airslighe sam bith eile? Gun teagamhsam bith dheanadh i sin, mar biodhan talamh 'g a dluth-thairuing a nuasd' a ionnsaidh fein. Is ann, uime sin,trid na dluth-tharruing so, tha nareulta agus a' ghrian a' buauachadh,'n an aitibh, air an slighibh fein anns9
—130 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas ìMos an t-Samhraidh,na neambaibh. Tha Dia"a'crochadhna talmhainn," agiis gach reiilteile "air neoni," agus tha iad a'buanachadh 'n -<strong>An</strong> cuairtibh fein tridna dlutli-thaiTiiing a ta aunta ag\iseatovra fein. Ail- do 'n ghi-ein a bliiluor seach na reultan, tha i 'g antaiTuing d'a h-ionnsaidh fein, ach thaiadsan, mar an ceudna, a' tarruingaon a cheile, agus aii- an tarruingiad fein le reultaibli eile mu 'n cuairtdoibh ; air chor 's gu 'ni bhcil a'ghrian agus na reulta, mar so a'comh-chothromachadh a cheile.Thaiad air an socrchhadh 'n an dluththarruing,mar gu 'ni biodh iad airmeidh, air sheol is nach toil- a' h-aondiubh buaidh air an aon eile! Isdo-thuigsinn an gliocas a shuidhichiad air an doigh so, air chor is gu 'mbheil iad cosmhuil ri cuidhleachaibha' siubhal gu riaghailteacli, agus agoibreachadh gu h-innleachdach anuair a ghluaisear iad le uisge, teine,no toit. Mar so, tha na reultanagus a' ghrian air an suidheachadhaig a' leithid a dh-astar o cheile 'sg-u 'm bheil iad, trid na dluth-tharruinga bhuilich Dia orra, a' comhchothromachadha cheile le eagnuidheachdmliiorbhuilich. Aii- doibh abhi mar so air an socrachadh thugDia oira gluasad le focal a chumhachd,agus tha iad, uime sin, a' gluasadle riaghailt agus lagliannaibh a thagu neo-chriochnuichte ni 's eagnuidhn'an obair-chuidhleachan a's grinnea rinneadh riamli le lamhaibh innleachdachdhaoine. O ! gu 'm moladhna h-uile an Tighearna air son amhaitheis, agus gu 'n cuireadh iad anceill a glmiomhara miorbhuileach leluath-ghaire agus gairdeachas ! ThaEsan a' deanamh mar a's aill leis annam feachd neimh, agus am measgluchd - aiteachaidh na talmhuinn !Chum a cliumbachd neo-chriochnuichtea cliui- an ceill, tha da eiseimpleii-againn far an do cliiiir e stadair an talamh 'n a chuairt, Tha e air'innseadh dhuinn ann an leabharlosua gu 'n do stad a' ghrian aiiiarrtasseii-l)liisich Dhe, ag radh,"A ghrian air Gibeon stad, agusthusa, a ghealach, aii- gleann Aialoin.Agus stad a' ghrian, agus sheas a'ghealach" (losua x. 12). A ris, annan Dara Leabhar nan Eigh, tha sinn'faicinn, an uaii- a rinn Heseciahurnuigh gu 'n d'thug Dia comliaradhdha le toirt air a'ghrein dol air a h-aisdeich ceumanna aii- uaireadair-gi-eineAhais (II. Righ. XX. 11). ChuirDia an so an toiseach. stad air antalamh 'n a chuairt lathail, agus a ris,chuir e air ais 'n a shlighe e deichceumanna, nithe a ta 'foillseachadhair mhodh miorbhuileach cumhachdan Tighearna lehobhaidh ! Ach gedtha e ail- a radh anns na h-earrannaibhso dhe'n Sgriobtur, gu'n do chuireadhstad air a'ghrein agus aii' a'ghealaich, gidheadh, cha 'n 'eil sinngu sina thuigsinn anns an t-seadhlitreachail; oir, cha'n ann aii* a'ghreinagus air a' ghealaich a chuii-eadhstad, ach air an talamh 'n a chuaii-tail- a mhul fein, agus aii- a' ghealaich'n a cuairt mu 'u talamh. Dh' innseadhaim an aite eile gu 'm bheil a'ghrian neo-ghluasadach, agus gu 'mbheil an talamh ag iathadh m'a timchiollaon uaii- 's a' bhliadhna, agus a'cur cuir deth aii- a mhul fein gachceithii- uaire fichead, agus mar sinna' deanamh la agus oidhche. A nis,an uaii- a ta e air a radh gu 'n dostad a' ghrian air Gibeon, tha sin a'ciallachadh gu'n do chuireadh stadair gluasad na talmhainn air a mhulfein ; agus a thaobh a' chomharaidh athugadh do Heseciah, cha'n i a' ghriana chuireadh air a h-ais, ach an talamh,agus an uair a rinneadh sin, b' èigindo fhaileas na grèine dol air ais deichceumanna air an uaii-eadair-ghreine.Tha na Sgriobtuirean, mar a's trice,a' cur nithe an ceill ann am briathraibhcumanta, agus a' gnàthachadhan dòigh-labhairt a's feai-r ;i thuigeai'.
Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 131ceill na firinn, agus aii- an aobhar sin,tha e air a radh anns na Sgriobtiu'abhgu 'm Ijheil a' ghrian ag eiridh agusa' luidhe, a chionn gur e sin doighlabhairtchoitchionn dhaoine.Chum na dluth-tharruingeachd soair am bheil sinu a' labhaii't a dheanamhni'.s soilleire fathast, bheir sinneiseimpleir m'a tiomchioll o na seolaibh-mara.Air do'n ghealaich a bhini's teinne air an talamh na na reultanagus a' ghrian, tha neart na dluththarruingaice air a mhothuchadh gusoilleir. Tha i a' tarruing, uime sin,d'a h-ionnsaidh an aite sin dhe 'ntalamh a bhios a ghnath fa comhair.Air do 'n talamh a bhi 'u a stubh atha cruaidh agus daingeann chadruigh a cumhachd co mor air; achair do na h-uisgeachaibh a bhi ni 'sGed a dh' innseadh Maois, far am sin, ail' do dhluth-tharruing na g-reinebheil e'toirt cxmntais air cruthachadh agus na gealaich a bhi dol ann annan cruinn-mlieall soillseacli neamhaidh.gn 'm bheil a' ghrian neo-nan uisgeachan air an aon rathad, thaco'-bhoinn r'a cheile, agus a' tarruingghluasadach, agiis g\i 'm bheil an an cumhachd, air an doigh so ni'stalamh 'g a cuairteachadh, cha chreideadhmoran e, ged bha e a' ciir an tari'uing an aghaidh a' cheUe.treasa, na 'n uair a bhios iad a'Aiianaobhar sin, ma ta, tha reothairtagus contraigh 'g ar fiosrachadh gachuile cheithii' la deug. Tha 'n lanmarateann air uair ni's fadalaichgach la, a chionn, aii' do 'n ghealaicha bhi 'siubhal 'n a cearcall fein, gu 'ngabh an talamh an uine sin chum ant-aite ceudua anns am l)heil murr-lanan diugh, a thoii't fa cliomhah' nagealaich am maireach. Tha 'n lanmarani's airde anns an earrach agusanns an fhogharadh na aig uair airbith eile dhe'n bhliadhna ; do bhrigh,an sin, gu 'm bheil dluth-thariuingna gi'eine agus na gealaich ro laidira thaobh nan aitean d'a chuaii't annsam bheil an talamh anns na h-amannaibhsin dhe 'n bhliadhna. <strong>An</strong> uaira bheachdaicheas sinn air na nithibhmiorbhuileach so uile, deanamaidflnisa a ghluasad, tha iad gu mor ahangaii'deachas ann-san a ta 'g an cuinailluasgadh le dluth-tharruing na suas le 'fhreasdal fein. Is Esan angealaich. Tha, uime sin, na h-aitean Ti "a charnas suas mar thorr, uisgeachadhe 'n fhairge a tha direach fo chomhna faii'ge, agus a chuii'eas anair na gealaich aii' an tarruing le a doimhne suas 'n a thighibh-tasgaidh "neai't d'a h-ionnsaidh fein, aii' chor (Salm. xxxiii. 7).is gu 'm bheil na h-uisgeachan ag <strong>An</strong>ns an ath earrainn bheir sinneiridh suas ni's airde na bha iad, cunntas air dubhradh na gi'ein' agusagus an sin their sinn gu'm bheil na gealaich. Sgiathanach.muii--lan ann ; ach an uair a theid a'[Rt leantuinn.)ghealach seachad aii' an aite shonraichtesin, tuitidh na h-uisgeachanair an ais a ris gus am bi muir-tragha MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.ann. Air an doigli cheudna, thaXI.cumhachd aig a' ghrein os ceannuisgeacha naINNTREACHDAINN AN T-SOISGEIL.talmhainn a chitheargu soilleir aig amaiinaibh sonraichte. Bha taobh tuath na GaidhealtachdTha a' ghealach a' gabhail mios gu comhdaichte le tiugh dhorchadas andol timchioll air an talamh, agus air iodhol-aoraidh, agus aiu-eolach airan taobh a stigh dhe'n nine sin, tha Rathad na Slainte troimh Chriosdi da uair air an aon ruith ris a' gus an d' thaiuig Caluin-cille. Mu 'nghrein ; 's e sin, an uair a ta i Ian bhliadhna A.D. 563, dh' f hag e Eirhmagus a' caochladh ; agus air an aobhar a chum an Soisgeul a shearmonach-
132 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873.adh do iia Gaidheil Albaiinach agixsaig ail am sin bha e inii thimchiollda bhliadhiia agus da fhicbead dedh-aois. Thainig da fhear dbeugeilemaille ris a cbuin a bhi 'ii anliichd-cuideacb aidh aige anil an craobhsgaoileadhan. t-Soisgeil. Bha nadaoine so cairdeach dha fhein agusis cosmhail g'u'n robh lad air andnsgadh siias agus air an stiuradhleis an aon Spiorad cheudna.Bhuineadh Calum - cille feiu dotheaghlach i-ioghail na h-Eirionn, oirb'e P'eilim, mac Fliearghuis, mhicChonuill, mhic Neill naoigheallaich,a bha 'n a cheann-tighe chlann Neillagus 'n a righ air Eirinn, a b' athairdha. Bha e mar an ceudna cairdeachdo theaghlach rioghail nan Scuiteachann an Earraghaidheal, oir b' eFeilim, mac Fliearghuis a bha'n arigh an Earraghaidheal ; agus aigan am sin bha Conull, mac Chomhail,mhic Dhomhanairt, mhic Fhearghuis,a charaid fein'n a righ air na Scuitich.Bha an righ so 'n a iar-ogha bratharsinn-seanar do Chaliim, mac Fheilim.Dh' f hag Calum agus a choinpanaichEirinn ann an curacli no eatharde shlataibh caol air am figheadhagus air an comhdach a muigh leseicheachan. Sheol iad astar fadaair a' chuan gus an d' thainig iad airtir ann an I-Chaluim-chille aig aite risan abraro'n am sin, Port-a'-churaich.Tha an t-Eachdraiche urramach, Bedeag radh gu 'n d' thug Bruidhi, Righnam Picteach^ coir do Chalum airEilean I gu bhi mar sheilbh aige feinair son feum na h-eaglais. Thafeadhain eile ag radh gu'n d'fhuaire coir air an Eilean o Chonull, Righnan Scuiteach, a charaid fein. Faodaidhe bhi gu 'n robh lamli aig an darigh Ghaidhealach so le clieile annsan eilean a dhaingneachadh marsheilbh do Chalum agus do 'n eaglais,do bhrigh gu 'n robh e mar gu 'm b'ann 's a'chrich eatorra, agus goireasachdo gach aon de 'ii da rioghachd.<strong>An</strong> deigh do Chalum-cille e fein ashocruchadh ann an I, chaidh e airtliuras gu Bruidhi, Righ nam Picteacha bha aig an am so a chomhnuidhaig ceann an ear Loch-Nis far ambheil an abhainn Nis a' fagail anLoch. Bha an turas so ceud guleth mile air astar l)lio I-Chaluimchille.Aig an am sin bha an t-slighegarbh, deacair ri'siubhal, le beanntaibliagus le aibhnichibh, maille ricaolasan-mara 'n uair nach robh rathaidean-morasam bith aim, no bàtaichean-aisig'ach gann ri'm faotainn.Chaidh e air a tliuras troimh Ghleannmor-na-h-Alba,seachad air an Apuinn,Coran-airde-gobhar, Inbhir-Lochaidhagus Leitir-Fliionnlaith. Chaidh etroimh Lagan-acha-droma agus CiUe-Chuimein ; agus thaoghail e anGleann-Urchadain far an robh seaunduine air iompachadh agus air abhaisteadh. Ghabh e an sin air'aghart gu niig am Bàn-ath aig ceannan ear Loch-Nis far an robh caistealan righ — 's an aite ris an abrar andiugh Caisteal Spioradan. Aig anaite so choinnich e ri Brichean,ceann ard nan Druidhneach, sagartanPaganach nan Seann Ghaidheal, athug ionnsaidh air cur 'n a aghaidh achum an Righ a thionndadli o 'nchreideainh Chriosdaidh. Ach chadeachaidh so leis, oir thug Calumbuaidh air mu dheireadh, agus dh'iompaicheadh an Righ gus an Soisgeula chreidsinn. <strong>An</strong> deigh sinbhuadhaich an Soisgeul am measg ant-sluaigh oir lean iad eiseimpleir anUachdarain, agus ghabh iad ris aclireideamh aige-san, ni a bha dualachdo na Seann Ghaidheil a dheanamh.<strong>An</strong>n an nine ghoirid bha naDruidhnich air am fuadachadh as antir; chuireadh an creideamh aca gubuileach air cul ; agus f huair Calumcoir o 'n Righ air na h-aiteachanaoraidh a bha roimhe sin aig naDruidhnich. D. B. B.(IÒ' ìeniìtìiìun.)
!Treas ÌIios au t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 133AM MARAICHE TAINGEIL.Tlia fios aig gach neach a tliaeolach air na maraichean gvi 'm bheiliad truacanta, fialaidh. Air dhoiblifein a bhi buailteacli do ghabhadh 'sdo challdach, tha iad ullanih ashineadh na lamli chum coinlinadh adheanamh do 'n iiii-easbliuidheacli.Mar eiseimpleir air a so, chuala miair son an siiairceis.<strong>An</strong> uair a rainig e am baile-puirtgus an robh e 'dol ghabh e air bordhiinge a bha gu seoladh do na h-Innsean. Thug i mu thuaiream dabhliadhna aii- a cuairt. <strong>An</strong> uair athill iad, bha companach dha aginnseadh nach bu chuimhne leis gu'n do leig e seachad latha d' an ninesin gun iomradh a thoirt air a'chaoimhneas a fhuair e ami an tighan tuathanaich.Cha luaith' a rainig iad cala nathug e a chompanach leis agus ghabhe carbad g'a ghreasad a chum an tigheamis an deachaidh buntainn chocaoimhneil ris. Cha d' fhuair e antigh idii- mar a dh' fhag e roimhe e.Bha liean-an-tighe nis 'n a bantraichagus air a' cheai-t latha sin bha i gudubhach, deurach a' faicinn a cuidairneis 'g a reic a dhioladh a fiachan.Cha robh na seoladairean a'tuigsinnna cuise—ball an deigli buill d'a h-ah-neis 'g a thoirt a mach gun a ceadn' a coinhaii-le. Mu dheireadh thainigam fear a bha'freasdal do 'n fhearreic,a thogail leis na creathaill amisan robh an leanabh aig an àm'n achadal. Cha b' urrainn d' an t-seoladaii-an gnothuch a sheasamh n' a b'fhaide, ' 'Ail- d' athais" ars' e agus e 'dunadha dhuirn, "cha'n'eil mi a'tuigsinnciod tha sibh a' ciallachadh—chuir mian sgeul beag a leanas air 'aitluis leministear a bha bitheanta am measg suas leis a so tuilleadh 's fada. Beanslieoladairean.do 'n chreathaill agus cha 'n fhag miBha seoladair araidh a' gabhail an bior slan aim am iiodhrach-tai-suinnrathaid eadar da bhaile-piiii-t a bha do chuirp " <strong>An</strong> uair a thuig e gurastar o cheile. Thuit an oidhche ann a phaigheadh a tìachan a bha aBha e aineolach air an t-slighe, cuid 'g a chur gu margadh, tharruingail-.ach ghabh e air aghart gus am facaidh e a sporan anns an robh aige, 'n ae solus a bha 'teachd o thigh tuathanaich.bhuinn oil-, tuarasdal na da bhliadh-Rainig e an tigh agus air na agus thuh-t e 's e 'g a thaomadhdha bhi ro sgith, dh' iarr e cead air an lar, " So, togaibh as a sin nasuidhe taobh an teine gu maduinn. dhiolas a fiachan, agus cuiribh a stighBhuin na daoine ris gu ro chaoimhneil.Thug iad da a shuipeir, a fein."aii-neis na mnatlia coire 'n a li-aiteleaba agus greim-ciithaig m' an d'J. W.fhalbh e 's a' mhaduinn, agus cha Lag-na-h -abhunn,ghabhadli iad ni ach a mhile taLng <strong>An</strong> Siorramachd Pheairt, 1873.SEANN SGEULACHDANGAIDHEALACH.TO THE EDITOR OF THE GAEL.SiE,—The study <strong>of</strong> folk-lore hasbecome au important branch <strong>of</strong> literature.Books on the subject wouldfill a small library, and students needto be linguists and m^'thologists. Asall early history was tradition at first,the study <strong>of</strong> f(jlk-lore manifestly isimportant, though it may seem to befrivolous at first sight. In 1860-1862I contributed to the coinmon stock<strong>of</strong> knowledge four volumes <strong>of</strong> Gaelictraditions, orally collected in theWest Highlands by myself and bymy assistants. I have been gatheringever since. In 1872 I printed avolume <strong>of</strong> heroic Gaelic Ballads,which you noticed as Leabhar naFeinne, p. 302, Vol. I., Gaidheal.My collection <strong>of</strong> foolscap manuscript,
;134 AN GAIBHEAL. Treas Mios aii t-Samhraidh,bound, now fills a shelf nearly sevenfeet long-, and the collection growsslowly. Amongst traditions currentin the Highlands are,— 1st, Generalpopiilai- history, such as the history<strong>of</strong> the Feinne, <strong>of</strong> which an exampleis in the book named. 2nd, Localpopular history, <strong>of</strong> which I sent yinia sample, p. 261, Vol. I., Gaidheal.3rd, Supernatural history ; <strong>of</strong> fairies,ghosts, dreams, warnings, voices,apparitions, and such like immaterialmatters and things, whicli unbelieverscall "superstitions," andbelievers believe to be true. InSeptember, 1870, I left some coin atTobermory to be expeiided hi writingdowntraditions <strong>of</strong> a different kind,which have the greatest value, becausetliey are found all over theold world, but which are condemnedas "lies." Samples are in the" Popiilai- Tales <strong>of</strong> the West Highlands."In March, 1873, a manuscript,very well written, by John Macdonald,came to me from Tobermorywithout explanation, and no explanationhas followed it. If you thinkthe contents w^orth printing, yourreaders will have a sample <strong>of</strong> mycollections fresh from the quarryuntouched, genuine folk-lore, a bit<strong>of</strong> the popular mind. All theauthorities are named, but I omitthe names.No. i. pm-ports to be true, andmay be. The four verses appearto bo " heroi(! history," spoken inthe character (jf the ghost <strong>of</strong> one<strong>of</strong> the Feinne. I have no otherversion <strong>of</strong> the ballad, if it be an oldballad.No. ii. describes an ancient custom,familiar to all Highlanders, in whichI have taken part in my youth. Itis the only popular dramatic performance<strong>of</strong> which T have found a tracein the Highlands, or in Irish writings.The end is a samjile <strong>of</strong> local popularhistory. It describes a battle, butgives no date.No. iii. is a sample <strong>of</strong> supernaturalhisl/in/., which may be reasonably explainedby the delirium <strong>of</strong> famine.It is picturesque and interesting. Iknow that such stories are believedto be true by all classes in all parts<strong>of</strong> this kingdom, and in most parts<strong>of</strong> the -world.No. iv. is a sanqile <strong>of</strong> supernaturalhistory. The belief in fairy sweetheartsis common in all Celticcountries. This story also may bereasonably explained, up to a certainpointNo. V. is supernatural fairy liistory.It is a fair sample <strong>of</strong> a very largeclass <strong>of</strong> legends which are believedto be true by thousands <strong>of</strong> peoplenow living in all parts <strong>of</strong> these realms.It is a remnant <strong>of</strong> some forgottenreligion, as I believe, whose pagandivinities have been degraded intocreatures who cannot withstandChristian symbols, used as spells.The idea is in the opera <strong>of</strong> Faust,where Mephistopheles is routed bypointing the cross hilts <strong>of</strong> swords athim.No. vi. is a good, short sample <strong>of</strong>popular local liistory. It is minutein detail, but devoid <strong>of</strong> dates.It may be true in the main, butwithout the aid <strong>of</strong> cotemporai-ywa-itings, or allusions to knownevents, it is inq)ossible to make" history " <strong>of</strong> it. Of stuff <strong>of</strong> thiskind I have here six large volumes,collected for the Duke <strong>of</strong>Argyll by John Dewar, who diedat the end <strong>of</strong> last year. These willbe preserved in the library at Inverary.To the best <strong>of</strong> my belief, nosuch collection <strong>of</strong> popiJar historyever was made in any country. 1have myself cai-efully read andsorted and noted the whole. Icelandicsagas are the only compositionsknown to me which re-
.'Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 135seinble Gaelic popiilai- history iustyle and incident. — I am yourobedt. sei-vant, J. F. CAMPBELL.Niddry Lodge, Kensington,London, W., June 16, 1873.I.—SGEUL GOIRID, FIRINNEAOH.Bha ann an eilean Mhiiile dithisf hear. B'e aiinii aon dinbh, DiighallMac-na-faiche ; ainm an f hii- eile,cha'n fhios domh. Bha Dughallcleachdta ri dol do'n chladh a ghearradhfeoir. Cha robh so taitneachle 'choimhearsueach agus bha e toileachstad achnrairgearradhan f heoir.Dh'fhalbh e agns dh'fholaich se e-fein foidh aon de leacan a' chladh,agus rinn e an rann a leanas an uair athainig Dughall le'chorran'n a laimh:"Co thug dhuitse 'Dhugbaill ordughAir tighinn a bhuain feoir do 'n .ait' so?Fuirich bhuamsa fad an iaruinn,'S na bi 'tigh'n siar air mo cbarnan.II.Chunnaic mise uair de 'n t-saoghal,'N uair 'bha Clann-a-Baoth 's an aitc,Dh' fhalbhadh iad 's an coin air iallan,'8 bhiodh iad a tiadhach 's a' bhraighe;III.Thigeadh iad, 's an dainih air iomain,Seachad muineal Chnoc tabhaid ;Ruigeadh iad Tom-Fhinn na b-aibhne,'8 bhiodh iad 'g an roinn air an cairdibhIV.Cha robh braiHs, leann no caochan,Aig daoine ri fhaighinn 's an al sin,Ach meadraichean mora foidh 'n cobharDe bhainne nan gobhar bana,I.'s a Dhughaill tai-r as." Le so achluhmtinn do Dhughall chlisg achridhe 'n a choni 's cha 'n f hacastuille 's a' chladh e.U.—JIUBHLAR NA DUNA(;H.Bha na Gaidheil bho sheaiicleachdta ri da latha sonruichte armsgach bliadlina a ghleidheadh marlaithean feille. B' iad sin latha naNoUaige moire agus latha na NoUaige-; ;'Eirich thusa 'bhean choir,'8 a l)hean og a choisiiui cHu'8 am fear nacli do bheum suilbige. Bha oidhche na NoUaige bigeairagleidheadh'n a h-oidbche roshonruichte,agus air a h-airimeachadh"Oidhche Chollamn" anns an robh ah-uile fear agus bean, fleasgach ogagus gruagach air an cruinneachadhaig fleagh am measg an cairdean agusan coimhearsnaich, agus bha an cruinneachadhso air a dheanamh le morghreadhnachas,chairdeas ag'usf hiug-hantas anns an doigh a leanas.Bha caora no mult air 'f heannadh lefeanuadh-builg- airsou fleagh na Collainn.Bha crioman beag de'n chraicionnair'fhagail gun f heannadh airuchd a' bheathaich agus an deighsin air a thabhairt a mach gu glauagus air ainmeachadh " Caisean Collainn."Bha an Caisean Collainnan sin air a ghiulan le muinntirna CoUaiim; bha gach fear agusfleasgach aig uair shonruichte de'noidhche a' cruinneachadh comhla agusa'falbh a dh-ionnsaidh tighean ancairdean agus an coimhearsnaich.Dh'fheumadh a' chuideachd uile doldeiseal tri uairean timchioll an tighe,gach fear le lorg 'n a lanih agus agaithris an rainn so a leanas, mai' abha e 'dol air aghart a' cuairteachadhan tighe—aig a cheai-t am a' slachdadhballachan an tighe leis an lorg abha'n a lamh: " Chollainn, a bhuilgbhuidhe, bhoicinn, buail an craiciouuair an totadh. Cailleach 's a' chuil—cailleach 's a' chill—cailleach eile 'nceann an teine; bior 'n a da shuil;bior'n a goile: Eirich agus fosgaildhuinn." Bha gach fear an sin rirann a ghabhail ag an dorus m' amfosgailear dha e. Is e so aon dena rannaibh:Liolihair thusa 'Chollainn uaitMar Ini dual dhuit a thoirt dhuinn.A' mhulchag air am bheil an aghaidh reidh,'8 mar 'eil sin deas ad choir,Foghnaidh aran's feoil dhuinn."Bha an dorus an sin air 'f hosgladhle greadhnachas agus fiughantasuach bu bheag; bha an Caisean Col-
i;iG AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios au t-Samhraidh, 1873.laiim all sin air a tliabliairt air boiinagus jirabadh datliaidh air a tliabliairtair anus an teiiie agus air a tliabliaii'tdo 'u mlinaoi a bu shine bha 'san tigh. Chuireadh ise ri 'sroin anCaisean leth dhaite agus racliadh a(.•hur ni' an cuairt air na bha 's antigh.Bha bord na cuirine an sin aira c'huaii-teachadh le muinntir na Collainu;bha rogha gacli bidh agusdibhe air a'bhord agus bha cairdeas,gi-eadhnachas agus toil-inutinn ri 'niraicinii am nieasg na cuideachd.A reii' a'clileac'lidaidli fio dli' fhalbhtuath Mhir lonnibuinn, tighearnaMhisnis a bha 'chomhnuidh 's an amsin 's au Eiridh, baile a tha beagantuath air Tobar-inhuire, air Chollaiimgu Mac-iUeathain, tighearna Thorloisg,agus thaiuig tuath fear Thorloisggu Mac-Ionmhuinu. RinnMac-iUeathain fiughantas agus suill)hearachdnach bu bheag a nochdadhdo chuideachd Mhic-Ionumhuiiinthug e dhoibh rogha gach bidh agusdibhe agus cunntas sonruichte dechrodh a bheireadh iad leotha aigam piliidb. Cha d' f huair tuathMhic-illeathain bho Mhac-Ionmhninnacli a mhain na dh' itli 's na dh' oliad. <strong>An</strong> uair a bha an da chuideachda'pilleadh,choinnich iad aim angleann a tha eadar Darbhaig agusTobar - inhuire, troimh am bheilabhuimi a' ruith bho dheas gu tuathris an abrar, " Abhuinn-tuil-Gliall."Ri taobh na h-aibhne so thoisich antabaid—cuideachd Mhic-illeathain a'tilleadh a' chruidh a f huair tuathMhic-Ioiimhuinn. <strong>An</strong>ns a' bhiar somharbhadh seaclid fichead Mac-Mhoirein de nach d' thugadh fiasag.Is e aium a'bhlair,"Blar-na-dunach."III.—SGEUL MU HAOISGEIE-NA-CUISEIQ.Bha triulr choimhearsnach ann aniochdar Mhuile aig an robh briuthas.Air dhoibh beagan uisge-beatha a;dheanamh dh' fhalbh iad leis 'n antriuir g'a reic do Eilean Thiridhe.<strong>An</strong> deigh dhoibh an t-ni.sge-beatha areic phill iad air au ais, ach an uaira bha iad fagus air cladach Mhuile—oidhche na Nollaige bige—sheida ghacjth 'n an aghaidh le cur roghailbheach shneachda. Bha anoidhche dorcha, agus am fuachd doghiulan, ionnas gu'n do bhasaichdithis de na fir mu 'n robh iad achgoirid an deigh fuadach a ghabhaU.Mhair an treas fear beo agus stiuir e'am bata cho math 's a b'urrainn da.Beagan au deigh mheadhon-oidhchechuala e gairich-cladaich; rinn e air,agus an uair a thaiuig e fagusghlaodh fear bho thir ri fear a' bhata," Gabh mar so." "Co thusa?"' Mise Mac-illeruaidh ," ' ' Gabh marso," ars' an dara guth.""Co thusa ?" Mise Mac-illedheirg." " Gabh marso ars' an treas guth," "Co thusa?""Mise Mac-illebhain." Fhreagair amfear a bha 's a' bhata, " Gabhaidh mia dh-ionnsaidh an aite 's an cuala mia' chiad ghlaodh." Chaidh e air tiragus chunnaic e gur i sgeir-mhara aiiis anns an robh e le gle liheagantalanta oirre. Rinn e toll leis a'bhiodaig, anns an robh e 'laidhe gunbhiadh gun deoch, ach aon chard deim. Chaidh e 'u sin a shealltabm anrobh duine no creutair air an sgeirach e feiu ; thuig e nach robh. Athuilleadh air a so sheall e air nah-aiteachan bho 'n cuala e na guthannaagus chuimaic e gu 'n robh eeucomasach dol air tir ach a mhainfar an robh a' chiad ghlaodh. Dh' f haiie air an sgeii- bho oidhche Nollaigebige gu Latha Feill-Paruig. Bha e'teachd beo air bairuich a' chladaichair am buain le sgithin agiis air an curris a' ghrein an uair a bhiodh i 'dearrsadh.Dh'itheadh e'n sin iad lebeagan d' an im 'n an deigh. A h-nile h -oidhche chluinneadh e glaodhuichagus sgreadail mar gu 'm biodhnininutir 'g am bathadh ; ruitheadh
Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 137e sios gus au cladach 's au iiair aI'liigeadh e, cha robh crentair beo airthoiseach air. Lean e mar sin g-usan d' f has e sgnth de bhi air a mhealladh.Bha e air an sgeir giis an dothog bata-iasgaich e an deigh Feill-Parnig agus thngadh e do Uist, faran robh e o thigh gu tigh 'g a eiridinnair a shaoilsinn a bhi baite, e fein'sthill gach dniue na nithean a chaidha cheaunach a dh-ionnsaidh namnatha. Tha an sgeir air an robhe fagiis air eilean Ghana, agus is e'h-aium, "Haoisgeir."IV.—SGEUL MU LEANNAN-SITH.Bha ann an iochdar Mhnile feard'amb'ainni Domhnull MacRuairidhbhain.A' h-nile oidhche an deighlaidhe b' eiginn da eiridh agus abhean-phosda 'fhagail 'n a cadal.Bha e nine f hada mar so. Cha robhfios aig aon neach c' aite 'n robh e dolno ciod a bha e a' deanamh. Philleadhe air 'ais aig deireadh nah-oidhche, fuar, flinch. Cha robh sotaitneach le 'mhnaoi 's throdadh i risgu sgaiteach, geur airson a bhi airfalbh cho trie bho 'leabaidh. ThoisichDomhnull air seargadh as gunfhios aig aon neach ciod a b' aobhardha. Mu dheireadh bhris an t-iomradha macli gu'n robh leannan-sithaig Domhnull ris an robh e a' deanamhcoiuneamh. Ch.um so a bhacadhchoimhairlich iad d'a mhnatii eo1as nosoisgeul 'f haighiun d' a fear.Fhxiairi so agus cheangail i e nui 'amhaich.Thainig an leannan-sith a dh-ionnsaidhna h-uinneig far an robh Domhnull'u a laidhe agus thubhairt i," Tha thusa an sin, a Dhomhnuill, 'sa'ghealbhaiu bhoidheach mu t-amhaich."Dh'fhan Domhnull an oidhchesin 's cha 'n f hacas tuille i air athoir.Moran bhliadhnaichean an deighsin bha marsanta-siubhail a' falbh lebatliar aig an robh each a' giulan a'bhathair. Bha e air a thuras eadarMisinnis agus Cnimhnis; thainig egu beid-atha aibhne ris an abrarAbhainn tuil-Ghall. Dh' f hairtlichair an t-eacli a chur thairis. Mudheireadh, thuirt am mai'santa," Cuii'idh rnise thairis thu an animleis a h-iiile caoimhneas gn Bealltuiim.Thainig e air ais gu rnigMuile agus an latha 'thainig e bha abhean a' ronpadh no a' reic a' h-iiileni a bh' aice. Nochd am fear a bha Tri Pearsa na Trianaid ged robh a'h-ui!e deamhan an ifrinn aim." Airdha so a radh dh' eiricli gurraban beagcaillich air taobh thall na h-aibhne 'sthuirt i, Na 'n abradh Domhnull MacRuairidh-bhain sin riumsa a chiadoidhche a choinnich e mi cha robhmi cho fada 'g a leanailt," agus fhuairam marsauta thairis.V.—SGEUL AlK Bf]AN-SHITH.Bha tuathanach anns an leth iochdraichd'an eilean Mhuileach aguschaidh aon de 'n chrodh aige air iomrall.Dh'fhalbh e fein agus a mhaca dh-iarraidh a' mhairt a bha airchall agus ghabh fear gach rathaddh' f heuch am faiceadh iad i. Airdo'n mhac a bhi sgith le 'thuras,shuidh e ri taobh sruthaiu a tha 'ruithtroinih aite ris an abrar Coire-nancaorach,aim am liraigh a' bhaile risan abrar Cille-Mhuire. Bha cu aige,'s bha e 'n a laidhe lamh ris. Thoisichan cu ri deithlean 's ri comhartaichle braise ro dhian. Thug so air a'ghille a shuil a thogail feuch co ris abha an cu a' comhartaich. Chuimaice taobh eile an t-srnthain gurrabanbeag boirionnaich comhdaichte leaodach uaine agus leth-chuinnean aBha an gille aig an amsroiiie duiute.a nitheadh a chas anns an t-srathan.Thug e mach sgian air son innean alomadh. Lean lus a bha 'n a phocaris an sgith in an nair a thug e machi— l)'e an lus, Achlasan Chaluim-
138 AN GAIDHEAL. ireas Mios au t-Samhraidh, 1873.chiUe. Labhair a' bheaii-shith i-ismar so, " Caisg an cu 'Dhomhmiillair ueo caisgidli inise e." " Caisgidhmi feiu e." " Thoir dluimhsaan lus sin." " Ciod a ni tbusa d'an lus so?" "Ni mi snaoiseiudbetb." " Cba 'n fhaic mi aite snaoiseinagad." " Gabir lucbd-talbb nab-oidbcbe ort!" " Ciod e 'n galar abbios an sin?" "Cba bbi sin agadri'iunseadb do d'mbnaoi no do d'leannan, oidbcbe do sgeoil no dobbainnse." Db' eiricb Dondnmll 'sdb' fhalbb e, acb db' f ban an cu.Uaii' anmocb d' an oidbcbe tbainigan cu dbacbaidb agus cba do db' f banrib fionnaidb air agus Ibuair e bas,acb db'fban DombnuU beo.VI.—SGEUL GOIRID MU MHAC-IL-LEATHAIN DHUBHAIET.Bba comb-stritb eadar Mac-illeatbainagus a bbratbair ionuas gu 'm b'eiginn d'a bbratbair Muile fbagailagus dol gu ruig Eirinu. Tbug e tribUadbna ann an Eirinn ail' cboirabicb.Mu dbeireadb cbuir Mac-illeatbainfios a db-ionnsaidb a bhratbar e atbilleadb dbacbaidb agus gu 'm faigbeadbe 'sitb. Air d' a bbratliair annaidbeacbd so fbaotainn tbill e doMbuile acb 's i 'n t-sitli a bba 'feitbeambair an ceauu a (;bur detb. Db'iarr Maoilleatbain air duine fog'bainteacbde tbeaghlacb Cliobi d' am b'ainm Niall Mor, an ceaim a tboirtbbarr a bbratbar. Tbuirt NiallMor, gu 'm b' fbeari- leis a tboirtair duine eile an gniomb ud adbeanamb na airsan a cbionu gu 'nrobb goisteacbd eatorra. FbreagairMac-illeatbain, "Miir cuir tbusa anceann detb cuiridb fear eile an ceanndbiotsa." Thuirt am fear a bba i-i'mbarbhadb ri Niall Mor, "Tlia Hosagam gur duine treuu tbu agus gu 'man claidbeamh air cbor's gu'm b'eigiun do Niall Mor a cbas a cbur aira cbeami m' an tugadb e au claidbeauibair 'ais. <strong>An</strong> sin tbuirt Mac-illeatbainDbubbairt,"Ged adb'orduicbmi am buille cba'n fbuilnig mi antamailt," agus db 'orduicb e Niall Mora mbarbbadb. <strong>An</strong> sin tbeicb Niallagus tbug e tri bliadbna air tbeicbeadbroimb Mbacilleatbain a ])ba airti cur as da; agus airson so a dbeanambcbuir e licjs gu ceatbarnacbd' am b'ainm Ailein Mac Dbombnuill.Tbainig Ailein gu ruig Diiiim-nacroise,am baile 's au robb Niall Mora cbombmiidb le coig fir dlieug mailleris agus db' f baigbnicb e au robbNiall aig an tigb. Tbuirt a bbeannacb robb; gu'n deacbaidb edo'ucbeardaicb a dbeanamb obair acbgu 'n cuiieadb i an treabbaicbe au- athoir. Bba Niall 's au am so foluicbteaig a mbnaoi ann an ceauu eilean tigbe. Cbaidb a bbean a sios amfeadb a bba an toireacbd a stigb agustbug i nios pios de gbàta iaruiun, 'sgblaodb i air an ti-eabbaicbe 's tbuirti ris, " Cbaidb do mbaigbstir do 'ncbeardaicb 's db' fbag- e fios agadsadol 'n a dbeigb le mir iaruiun," 's i'breitb air a' gbàta 'n a laimb, " saoiltbu ciod e na db' f heumas e, au deanam fad sin gnotbucb dba.^" — 's i'condiaracbadb fad souruicbte d' angbàta. Tbuirt an treabbaicbe gu 'ndeanadb. Lub i an sin an gàta eadara da ordaig agus bbris i e 's tbuirt iris a'gbille, " Falbb leis a sin do'ncbeardaicb, thoir dha e agus abairI'is gu 'm bbeil daoine 'stigh a' feitbeamhris." " Cha 'n abair, cha 'nabair a bbean," tbuirt Ailein MacDbondumill cba 'n 'eil a bbeag defbeuui againne air," 's dh' eiricb efeiu agus na coig fii' dheug a mach's tluiiit e ris ua daouie an deigh dhadol a mach, " Nacb e Dia a sbabbailblieil gnicnnli diiiue air do laimb, 's sinn a chuideachd, nacb robb fiosua cum fada uiise iuin am pein." Air aice an gnotbucb air an d' tbainig'dha so a radb, bbuail se e agus stud siuu air ueo cba d' f hag fear agamn
Treas Mois an t-Samlu-aidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 139beo an tigli leis a' ghàta a blia 'n alaimh." 'N a dheigli so cliur Dubhairtfios gu Niall Mor, e g' a choimieachadh's gu 'u deauadli iad sith.Dh' iimis e so d'a mlmaoi agiis thuirta bheau lis, " Tha tri roinneagan airsroin Mhic-illeatliaiu agiis an nair abhios sith air 'aire bidh ua roinneagan'n an laidhe air a shroin; agus an uaira bhios feai-g air bidh na rionneaganair an cruiuneachadh comhla." Dh'fhalbh Niall agus choinnich iad richeile aims an Dubh-leitir aig- taobhsrutliain ris an abrar, Allt-Dubhaig, ritaobh Loch-Phrlse. Bha na fir reith,siochail gu leoir 's thill e dhachaidhagus dh' f hag e Druim-na-croise 'sghalih e comhiuiidh ann am baileris an abrar, a' Cliill-l)heag, ach thuirt*'a bhean ris, <strong>An</strong> tug thu fa-nearciamar a bha na roinneagan?""Thuirt e gu'n robh e cho siochail's a chunnaic esaii riamh, agus, ars'esan, "Buidheachas do Dhia faodaidhmise laidhe 'stigh a nochd agus thatri bliadhna bho nach do laidh miroimhe 'stigh." Fhreagair a bheane, " Is i mo chomhairle-se dhuit anoidhche nochd a leigeil le each." Airan oidhche sin fein thainig an toir airiad air bheag dochainn agus theich erathad a' Bhealaich-ruaidh agus ghabhe air aghart thairis air a' Chlachandubh.Choinnich an ath chuideachde an deigh dha dol thar a' Chlachainduibhaig cnocan beag- agus thoisichiad air sabaid auu an sin agus lethmharbhiad Niall Mor. Is e ainm a'chnuic gus an là'n diugh, Diinan-Neill. Dh'fhag iad e ann an sin a'call'fhola agus ghabh a' chuideachdair an aghart rathad na h-Airdeduibhe.Ach an deigh 'f hagail thuirtfear a bha amis a' chuideachd d' amb' ainm Dughall Ruadli Mac Ailpein,^'Cha d' thuirt mise nach tig NiallMor beo fathast." Thill iad an sinagus f huair iad e air a dha ghluinagus air basan a lamh ; bhuail iadair a rithist agus thug iad 'n amhirean beaga as a cheile e, air chor's gur ann am brata na leapach athug iad dhachaidh e.CLEASACHD NANGAIDHEAL.Fhir mo chridhe,—<strong>An</strong>ns an litira sgrlbli mi'd ionnsaidh mudheireadh,thug mi treallan air a' (ihàidhlig-Ghallda. Bheir mi 's an te sec, le d'chead, greis ah- a' Chleasachd, agusfaodaidh tu a cur an luib do bhreacain-ghuailnean uaii- a bheireas dochothi'om air.Thainig caochladh mor air nàdaragus air àbhaistean na h-oigridhblio'n is cuimhne leamsa. Thagiullain an la an diugh cho glic li 'nseanairean agus cho scan ris na cnuic,mu'n gann a bhriseas iad aii' "gàradhant-shagairt."Tha chleasachd iardol cho mor a cleachdadh 's nachfhada 's aithne do na caileagan f heiuuibhir's cluith air an "Fhrideig." Chachluinnear guth a Shamhradh, aGheamln-adh, a dh-Fhoghar, no a dh-Earrach, air Cluith - na - brataich,Toiuhas-nam-prop, am Madadh-ruadh,Niall do'n Chill-l)hig. Thahiig cuideachdg' a ghlacadh agus bris iadfosgailte an dorus, ach dh' f hag Niall Cisteag-oir a's cisteag-airgid, Falacha'-phutain,Gillè-iùnnsachan, Nead-Ghille-brigein, cha chluinn no airCurrac Mhaighistir Peursal fhein!Leig ua sean-ghiullain diubh, achbeag, ant ord, a' chlach-neart, a'chruimi-leum, an leum-ruitli, ancabar, 's Gille-Callum ! Cha 'n bheilcuimhne agam c' uine chuala migeall-rèise ga chiu-; 's nach bheila bhlàth; an àite a' ghrama-ruith, ancluinnear ach greim-stamaig; agusna lorg cha 'n fhaicear uibhir "ceaniina-h-ordaig"de ghlas-ghiullan guniith-aoil ua phluic! Tha chamanachdf hafchast ag cumail suas a cinn—tha's an dallan-dà; ach tha bhuaidh secair an "dallan"—am feai- air an tèid
!—;——!140 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an t-Samliraidli, 1873.e aon uair gur diith dha fuireachairTha cuibheas air a' h-uile rudach am beilear an diugh na's fliearrna bhàtar blio shean ? Ambeilear na's clise 's na's eolaich aii"ball-airm a laimhseacliadh bho 'n achuireadli aii- chiil Cluith-na-brataich,a's Tomhas-nam-prop? Am beilearna's teoma air seilg, agus na's fhèarra suas ri àmhuiltean ant shionnaiclibho 'n a sgnir Cluith a' mhadaidhruaidh? <strong>An</strong> aon fliacal, am beil anGàidlieal na's lùthmhoire sliiubhal anfhiricli, na's fulangaiche airmimhodh,na's cruadalaicli ri uclid gàbhaidh,na's carantaiclie, na's dilse dh'a cliompanacli,agus na's fhaide saoghal ÌCha do leig sinne tur fhathast ancabar air ant shlinnein ; cha 'n bheiloidhche-sheaclidain nach fhaigh sinna' Ghlas - mhiar bho 'n phiobaire,sgialachd bho Eobhan-mor, agus iiosmu ioraltan Mhic - an - tuim bhoDhonull Camron ; ach an uair is bàsdo dh-Iain mac Ghill-easbaig, thaeagal orm nach cluinn sinn gin tuillede na seann-orain.Ma ghal^h na seann - Ghàidheilsaothair ri oileineachadh làmh a's chas,cha d' rinn iaddearmad air a'mheomhair.Mar dhearbhadh air sin bheirmi dhuta' chas-ghoirt.Fèumaidh ochdnar a bhi 's a'chluith. Am fear aii- an tig " stoca staigh" 's e Vjhios na " bhodach ;"agus a' liachainn co bhios na bhodach,their an righ facal de'n rann a leanas,no dhe 'samhuil,'s e tomhadh a chorraigeris gach fear fos leth de 'n ochdnar,'s a' dol deiseal air a' chròileagan.Is i see an rann a bhiodh againn,mar is cuimhne leat, an uair a bhimidag cluith air an " Fhrideig." Fèumaidham bodach seasamh air bialaobhgach fir de'nt sheachdnar, agus adhuan a ghabhail 's a dhanns adheanamh. Bidh dochair air an:fhear theid lideag am mearachdImeadan beag, àmadan beag,Gioba gobha, gioba gadlia, gioba gall,Gall-seipein, seipein siùbhlach,Aon bhogh'-Ileach, da mhiar mheadhoin,Miar Mhic Iain, an ceann 's a' chaolan,Dughall glas, ga leigeil as,Taobh na slaite, innse cruitein,Ainnse meitein, boineid na muice,Stoc a's taigh!E.1GH.—Eii'ich, a bhodaich, ruigan leathraiche, agus faigh iall a theidail- do chois ghoirt.Leathraiche. — Fàilt ort, 'illebhig chrdbaich, c' àite bheil thu dol ?Bodach.—A dh-iarraidh èille theidair mo chois-ghoii't.Leathraiche.—Cha 'n fhaigh thuiall bhuamsa gus am faigh thu sgianbho 'n ghobhainn a ghearras i.GoBHAiNN. Fàilt ort, 'ille bhigchriibaich, c' àite bheil thu dol ?B.—Gobha, gobha boidheach,Gobha, gobha briagha,Gobhainn a bheir sgian domh,Sgian a bheir mi do 'n leathraiche,Leathraiche bheir iall domh,Iall a theid air a' chois ghoirtG. — Cha 'n fhaigh thu sgianbhuamsa mur teid thu thoirt iteig asa chorr ud shios a bheir do 'n choillthu a thoirt guail leat.CÒRR.— Fàilt ort, 'ille bhig chriibaich,c' àite bheil thu dol ?B.Còrr, còrr bhòidheach,Còrr, còrr bhriagha,Còrr a bheir iteag dhomh,Iteag a bheir mi do 'n choill,Coill a bheir gual domh,Glial a bheir, &c.C. — Cha 'n fhaigh thu iteagbhuamsa mur faigh thu dhomh piseagbho 'n chat ghlas ud thall.Cat.— Fàilt ort, 'ille bhig chriibaich,&c.B.—Cat, cat boidheach,Cat, cat briagha,Cat a bheir piseag dhomh,Piseag a bheir mi do 'n chorr,Còrr a bheir, &c.C, — Cha 'n fhaigh thu piseagbhuamsa mur faigh thu dhomh diaranbahme bho 'n mhart mhaol.
:Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 141Maet.— Fàilt ort, 'ille bhig chrubaicli,&c.B.—Mart, mart bòidheach,Mart, mart briagha.Mart a bheir bainne dhomh,Bainne bheir mi do 'n chat,Cat a bheir, &c.M. — Clia'n fliaigh thu bainnebbuamsa mur faigh thu dhomh sopbho 'n ghille-shabhail.Gille-Sabhail.— Fàilt ort, 'illebhig chriibaich, &c.B.—Gille sabhail bòidheach,Gille sabhail briagha,Gille sabhail a bheir sop dhomh,Sop a bheir mi do 'n mhart.Mart a bheir, &c.G. S. — Cha 'u fhaigh thu sopbhuamsa mur faigh thu bonnachdhomh bho 'n bhean-fhuine.Bean - fhuine. — Fàilt ort, 'illebhig chriibaich, &c.B.—Bhean-fhiiine bhoidheach,A bhean-f huine bhriagha,A bhean-f huine bheir bonnach dhomh,Bonnach a bheir mi 'u ghille-shabhail,(^ille-sabhail a bheir sop dhomh,Sop a bheir mi do 'n mhart,Mart a bheir bainne dhomh,Bainne bheir mi do 'n chat.Cat a bheir piseag dhomh,Piseag a bheir mi do 'n chùrr,Còrr a bheir iteag dhomh,Iteag a bheir mi do 'n choill,Coill a bheir gual domh,Gual a bheir mi do 'n ghobhainn,Gobhainn a bheir sgian domh,Sgian a bheir mi do 'n leathraiche,Leathraiche bheir iall domh,lall a theid air a' chois-ghoirt!Fiach a nise an cuir thu fhein eachromh 'n " Isein-chirce " agus romhna " Deich am ail 1," air ant sheolchiadnaCòig stallain dhiag,Dhubha, dhubha, dhùghorm;Le 'n còig earrabuill dhiag,Dhubha, dhubha, dhùghorm.Ceithir capaill dhiag,Dhubha, dhubha, dhùghorm;Le 'n ceithir searraich dhiag,Dhubha, dhubha, dhùghorm.Tri mnathan diag, geala,Geala, geal-bhreideach.Da ghille dhiag, bhreac-luirgneach.Aon f headag dhiag, f had-speireach.Deich bà ceanf hionna,Croidhionna, làirceach.Naoidh tairbh mhaola,Dhomia, chore chluasach.Ochd cailleachan miogagacha,Magagacha, màgach.Seachd gobhair ghiorragacha,Gharragacha, dhàite.Sia mucan-biadhta.Còig fainneachan òir.Ceithir sraibh-mhuillcinn.Tri eùin-ghura,Dà chrann-lacha,'S isein-circe, 's a chas briste,'S beairt air a mhuinlCuir seachad seo. 'D è th'ann anseo Ì Isein-circe 's a chas briste,'s beairt air a mhuin. Cuir seachadseo?Agus mar sin sios.Deich amaill a's deich tuillNa 'n deich cinn.Naoidh amaill a's naoidh tuillNa 'n naoidh cinn.Ochd amaill a's ochd tuillNa 'n ochd cinn.Seachd amaill a's seachd tuillNa 'n seachd cinn.Sia amaill a's sia tuillNa 'n sia cinn.Cuig amaill a's còig tuillNa 'n coig cinn.Ceithir amaill a's ceithir tuillNa 'n ceithir cinn.Tri amaill a's tri tuillNa 'n tri cinn.Da amall a's da thoU,Na 'n da cheann.Amall agus toll na cheann.Cuir seachad seo. 'D è th' ann anseo ? Da amall a's da tholl na 'n dacheann, amall agus toll na cheann.Agus mar sin sios.—Is mi, &c.,Abrach.<strong>An</strong> Tom-Buidhe,Oidhch' FheiJl-Eathain, 1873.Bha seann bhanaltrum aig Righ SèumasI., agus ghuidh i air, ag radh, "! a righ,dean mo mhac-sa'n a dhuin'-uasal." "Chadean, cha dean," deir an Righ, "mathogras tu ni mi tigheama dheth, ach thaduin'-uasal a dheanamh dheth os cionumo chumhachd,
!—;:——;:— — ;142 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Silos an t-Samhraidh, 1878.AN DARA DUANDE SGIALACHD NA TROIDHE ;Air a thioundadh IjIio Ghreiigais Homeir(ill Gàidhlig Alìraich.Lk Eobuan MacLachainn.TaUheanadh an Flieaclida ; ar/m ùireamhnam fineaclwn Gr^iir/ach ayus Tròidlieuch.V.(Air a ìiantnìini hlio 'n ùìrìnili miidlieircadh.)Shuidh each air catbraiclieaii,cruiuu,'S an àrd-shlinntrich ghabh gu cloa ;Aeh ghlaodh Tiicr-fitfis gun tàmh,Le tins sglamiraidh l)ii Ijhiian locLdBii torach an toibheiim bet'iilDòlaire 'n aignidh neo-ghrinnEisgealachd na ùigh 's gach tràth;Ail- laoich ;iigh ag gnàth-chur binn.Leis-sau bu taitneach an ràdh,A bhrosnaicheadh g;iir ant shliiaigh;'S e bu mhì-chliùiticlie licnis,De na sheòl bho 'n (xlireig thair stuaidh.Letb-chas bhacach, sgionn-shiiil chlaon,Guaillean crom roinihe na 'n sti'iic,Ceann gogaideach binneach, baotla,'S cloimh-ghargach air maoil gun sùgh.Aicheall, a's Ulisses àigh,Bu ghràin leis thair chàch gu \è\v:'S buan a bha dhranndan gun bhrigh,Mu mhac Atreuis, righ nan treun.Le reasg-ghuth piochanach, caol,Dhit an daormuim Hath nam buadh.Aon cha robh am feachd na fàrèig,Nach d' òrduich a chreubh 's an uaigh.iSeo mar iiheiichdadh an craos bAth:'"8 eadh! 's eadh! achinn àird nan cliar,Ciod fàth nan iarradas dlùth,No 'ra beil tiomsach ùr ad mhiann ?Liuthad tasgaidh de phrais dhaoir,(t-a, càrnadh ri d' thaobh 's gach bùth;Jiuthad ògbhean bho stuaidli àigh;A leag sinn air h'lr na sniiirMa bhuannaichd mi f hin 'a a' Ghrèig,Bannal cèutach, no toic òir,Bho Thròidheach an eiric micA ghlac sinn gu trie 's an tòir;<strong>An</strong> àill leat am bun 's am burr,'S ciad roghainn nan s;\r-bhean caoin,Luigheachd nan toilltoanach trt'un,A chaidreamh riut fhcin an gaol?Is inisg an ceann air treun an f heachd,lligli niiotlior fo smachd a mhiann:Phad 's a bhios tus'air an stiiiir,Gha dùgh gu'm bi eliii na 'r gniomh.A mhnathan sleamhain gun mheas,De nach gairmear Mr nas mu,As thair chuau sibh gu 'r tir f hein,'S fàgaibh righ nan ouchd aigTròidh;Fàgaibh e 'gur air ur toic,Cosnadh docrach nan cath cruaidh;A's tuigidh e 'n sin c"iù rinn feumA lamh f heiu no neart a shluaigh.Lamh do 'n riaghailt neart gim eheart,'Thug mi-mhodh do 'n ghaisgeach mhòr.Cha sheis' thu dhà 'm blàr no 'n ruaig,(ied eignich thu bhuaith a' choir.Na 'm b' f heargach ant Aicheall àigh,Seach laidhe mar thràiU fo spid,Ghrad-bhiodh ant aintheas na thàmh,'S cha dioladh tu tàir a risd."Deagh Ulisses, dh' eirich grad,C'olg na shùil mar lasair dheirg ;Airsan a chain righ nam feachd,Sheall e gniith 's thug smachd na 'f heirg:"A bhriosg-ghlùirich bheadaidh, bhrein;Cuir fosadli air beul gun mhodhThiisa toirt oilbheum do righ.Mar bhuanna 'm biodh clith no blagh,Leibid cho suarach riut f hein,Cha d' aisig bho 'n Ghreig thair chuan;Air leanmhuinn Chlann-Atreuis àigh,Tlioirt theas-bhli'ir do Thròidh nan stuadh.'S mir-cagnaidh do dhiii nan eisg,Cinn-f headhna do 'n euchdach gniomh :Thu briichdadh gamhlais do chleibh,'8 ri tuairisgeal bhreug mu'n triall.Is dearbhte gur ceist oirmi gu leir,Mu'n toisg seo, ciod è tha 'n dan,<strong>An</strong> cas oirmi, no 'n eirich leinn ?<strong>An</strong> tilleadh dhuinn tinn no slàn?Thusa ga d' chnàmh as le tnùthRi buachaille ciil ant shluaigh,Ga thathann gu tarsuinn beurr,Bhrigh gu 'n d' thug gach treun dha duais!C ait an robh do raths', a thuaisd.<strong>An</strong> tiomsach, no 'n cruadal gleòis ?'N d" thug thusa uat riamh a luach,Aeh Ion luath a's toibheum beòil ?Imiseam dhiit gu saor an ni'8 bheirim le fior-chimit gu teach:j\Ia thachras tu orms' air fonn,Ri ath-sgeig bho chom gun bheachd:Nar sheas an ceann s' air mo chorij,'8 nar eighear orm mac mo ghaoil,Mur hacli mi thu le m' gharbh-ghlaic,'8 de d' chairbh bhric gu'n srac mi'm faobh.D' earradh uachdair a's d' arm-bhrat,'8 an leine tha cleith do nochd'8 d' iomain 's an raoicich romh 'n f heachd,Le trom bhèumai creuchdach goirt."Labhair e; 's ri ghualuinn cliriiim,Db 'f hiach c'n colbh le spuinnseadh cruaidhChuir csan air ambaich giùig,'8 tliaoin na deòir gu dliith le 'ghruaidh.Dh' eirich meall fala air a chroit,Kar'n do sjiaideadh ant shlat ùir;'8 shial) bho mbùsg-shùil na ronn-dheòir.Cluiir aogasg an Aobbair-bhiiirt,lomguin bhròin a null 's a nail;Ag gàireacbdaich mu 'n tràill thruaigh,Thcab na sluaigh am plosg a chall.
— ;:Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL . 143HO RO, MO NIGHEAN DONN, BHOIDHEACH.KEYSi^Flat.Beating twice to the measure, slowly.SEE'ZÈsa^iSi d :-h. ti 1 Ir. Si d :^^- siIf.n I: Li d : - . ritT^m : m I r :-|m : F^1=1:|d:F m:- |r :-.d d:-|Ho ro, mo nigh'n donn, bhoidheach,Hi ri, mo nigh'n donn, bhoidheach,Mo chaileag laghach, bhoidheach,Co phosainn ach thu ? *A Pheigi dhonn nam blath-shul,Gur trom a thug mi gradh dhuitTha t' iomhaigh ghaoil a's t' ailleachd,A ghnath tigh'n fo m' ùidh.Ho ro, &c.Cha cheil mi air an t-saoghal,Gu bheil mo mhiann's mo ghaol ort;'S ged chaidh mi uait air faondradh,Cha chaochail rao run.Ho ro, &c.'N uair bha mi arm ad lathair,Bu shona bha mo laithean;A' sealbhachadh do mhanrain,A's aille do ghnuis.Ho ro, &c.Gnuis aoidheil, bhanail, mhaldaNa h-oigh a'a caoimhe nadur* N'o, " Cha phosainn ach thv.1"I suairce, ceanail, baigheil,Lan graia agus muirn.Ho ro, &c.Ach riamh o 'n dh' f hag mi t' f hianuia,Gu bheil mi dubhach, cianail;Mo chridhe trom ga phianadhLe iarguin do ruin.Ho ro, &c.Ge lurach air a' chabhsairXa mnathan oga Gallda,A righ! gur beag mo gheall-s'Air bhi' sealltaiim 'n an gnuia.Ho ro, &c.'S ann tha mo run 's na beanntaibh,Far bheil mo ribhinu ghreannar.Mar roa am fasach Shamhraidh,<strong>An</strong> gleann fad' o ahuil.Ho ro, &c.Ach 'n uair a thig an Samhradh,Bheir mise sgriob do 'n ghleann ud,'8 gu 'n tog mi leam do 'n Ghalldachd,Gu h-amisail, am flur.Ho ro, &c.AN TAILLEAR AGUS NA BUIDSICHEAN."Bha e uiramach 'n a thaillear."—ZJonnac/iarfA Ban.Mur ijiodli na taillearean giinaclurra cridheil, aighearach, chabhioclh an sean-fhacal a' cur " Ciadtaillear gun bhi sunndach" am measgnan nithean sin a bha e doirbh, noeadhon eucomasach, 'fhaotainn. Faican taillear an iiaii* a glieobh e machah" dorus an tighe ! <strong>An</strong> saoil thu anteid e a ghabhail a chuaii't gu h-athaiseach, ciallacli, cho socair I'i fearair tiolacadh ? Mo creach, is e nachteid ! Is ann a chi thu e a' toirt nansinteag 's nan surdag as thar anreidhlein. Oha chum rathad-mor nocallaid ris—cha 'n f heith e ri bhi'fosgladh cachaileidh no 'streapgaradh-tota, ach m' an abradh tu" Seachd," tha e thairis orra le duibhleumcho aotram luth-chasach ri eai'bagnan torn. Is ann a bheii- e am
—144 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Jlios an t-Samhraidh, 1873.chuinihne-se mart a bhios 'g a beatliachadha stigh fad a' Glieanihi-aidli,fiu-foiiieach an latha, e feiu a gliiiilanair a' mhodh so, 's a tha e do 'n ])li6bliochd nach fhaca grian no sj)eurfad a' Gheamhraidh. Tha doigh nodlia anil air aiiail a leigeil agus foisa ghabhail, — direach a reii" iiadreuchd no na h-oibre a tha aig neacli.Ma 's goljhainn no fear aig am bheilobair thi'om, ghoirt, a tha ami, issolas agus faochadli dha suidhe amnieasg a theaghlaich 's an fheasgaran uair a tha 'obair seachad, noeadhon ceum a ghabhail, le'bhalachanaige air laimh, a dh-fhaicimiailleachd agus maise na cruitheachd.Ma 's cleireach no maighstir-sgoile atha anil, gabhaidh e 'anail rud-eiginmar a ghabhas an taillear, no ma dh'f haoidte ann an tilgeil a' chabaii" nona cloiche-neirt. Mar so chi siiinnach e idii" dith saothaire no oibi-e alihi gabhail fois, ach, iomadh uairgur e muthadh oibre an fhois a'sfearr agus a 's freagaraiche do dliuine.Thug ar sinnsearan an aire do 'n iiiso, oir, nach d' thuirt iad anns naseaii-fhacail, "<strong>An</strong> uair a bhios Murachadh'n a thanih, bidh e 'ruamhar,"agus, " Faochadli gille 'ghobhainn,—bho na li-uird gus na builg."Cha'n e inhain gu'ni bheil nataillearean an coitcheannas aotraiii,uallach 'n an giulan ach cha 'u 'eildaoine ami is siinndaiche no is toighicheair amhuiltearachd a's a' h-uilegne fhearas-chiiideachd,—agus cobheir barr orra air na h-orain ÌIs math a tha cuimhne again ant-eagal a bhiodh oii-nn, a's sinn 'n arclann blieag, an uair a thigeadh antaillear, Donnachadh Mac Neilla' claiad uair a gheobli i niacli airiiiaduinn chubliraidh Earraich. Faic agus bu chridheil, laghach e— a dhobairdo'n tigh againn. Cha b'i 's a sailteau os cionn barr a breamaÌTi,a' ciiv nan car dhi—a ceann's a urrainn tuilleadh fiamh a bhi oirnnh-earr ri adhar uair mu seacli ! Agus roimh leoghann beucach na bhiodhnach 'eil so gu leir mar a bliiodh suil oirnn ar sron a chur a stigh air anagainn, agus mar a bu choir dha ? dorus far am biodh e ag obaii- ; agusTha e clieart cho nadurra do 'n cha chuireadh lu-chair a guuna tuilleadhgeilt oirnn na chuLreadh esan antaillear, no do fhear sam bith a thaail- a chubadh a suas ami an tigh fad uair a dhuineadh e an siosar-mor lefead na 'n tigeamaid dluth aii'.<strong>An</strong>deigli sin uile cha 'n iarramaid edh'fhalbh. Cha'n fhaigheamaid ocheann gu ceanii d' an bliliadhnaàbhachd a b' fliearr na bhi ageisdeachd ris ag innseadh n'a chunnaig's n'a chual' e air a thurais, agusb' iomadh sin, oir, " bu lionmhortubaist an tailleir." Innsidh mi aond'a naidheachdan do luchd-leughaidha' Ghaidheil:—Bha aig an taillear gille og, ris anabair sinn Cailein, ag ionnsachadh acheird agus cha 'n iarradh Donnachadhn' a b' fhearr na bhi a' toirt a'char à Cailein agus a' cur ghiiothuicheanneo-chomasach mar f liiacliadhair; agus sin uile gun uradagus smeideadh gaire a dheanamh.Air latha araidh fhuaii" an tailleartios cabhaig gu dol a dh-obair dothigh an tuathanaich ann am Bealachna-mona.Bha iomradh am fad 'sam farsuingeachd feadli na duthchagu 'n robli buidseachas air an tigh,agus a macli o 'n taillear fhein agush-aoii no dha eile cha robli a' bheagd'am b' aithne an t-aite nach robli a'Matoirt Ian gheill do 'n bhiubhas.bha buidsichean an aite sam bitlicadar Maol-chinntire agus Barra bhaiad ann am Bealach-na inoiia. Theireadliduine gu 'n robh e air a dheanamhail" an sou,—aite uaigealta,fasail, air a chiiairteachadh le boglaichean's le criathraichean ris andeanadh cridhe nan doideagan 's nanglaistigean teoisinn. Ach cha 'n e
•Treas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 145mhain gu 'n robli Bealach-na-monacoltach ri aite a thàladh an leithideanso, agus a bha auns gach doiglifreagarrach air sou au ubagan 's aniopannau a chur an gniomh,—bliagu leoir de dliaoine 's a' clioimhearsnaclida bheireadh am boidean 's ammionnan gu 'm fac' iad fein agus guair Faidhir a Chlachain] Cha d'fhuah- e os a chionn gus an latha 'ndiugh, agus tha e ag radh nachgabhadh e an saoghal agus del air 'aisleis fein a rithist air an rathadcheudna, eadhon ann an geal anla sholuis !Bha Ian fhios aig gille an tailleirmar a thachair do 'n Di'obhair Mhoragus do iomadh aon eile, 's chachluinneadh e an t-iomradh a bulugha air dol a choir an tighe.Thuirt e gu 'm faodadh an tailleardol ann ma bha e gun suim, gunchuram d'a bheatha; ach air a shonsanged a bliiodh a' h-uile snathainaodaich ann am Bealach-na-monaair a chaitheadh 'n a luideagan, agusa' h-uile duine gun snichdean achuireadh iad m' an cuirp, nach rachadhesan a dh-obair ann, nach laidheadh,agus idir, idir, nach caidleadhe oidhche 's an tigh. Dh' fheuch antaillear an da chuid le durachd agusle fochaid air a chur bharr a bheachd,agus theab's gu 'm fairtlicheadh air;ach mu dheireadh, chuir e iompaidh* <strong>An</strong> tigh-osda.Air feasgar a' cliiad latha, rinnDonnachadh-taillear guth air mac autuathanaich; dh' iunis e dha an t-eagal a bha ah- Cailein roimh nabuidsichean, agus thuii't e ris e 'dholfo 'n leabaidh anus an robh esan agusCailein ri cadal, agus an uair abhiodh iad direach dol a thuiteam'n au cadal, e'chur a dhroma fo urlarna leapach agus a togail a suas uair'n c ' fLairicli iad cuid d' an droclichle? sacbd an am a blii 'gabbail anratlia"d chuil, anmoch a dh-oidhclie, no dha a chur eagail air Cailein.eadar Tigh-au-triubhais* agus an Cha d' iarr mac an tuathanaich na•Caolas. Co nach cuala mar a lobair b' fhearr, agus goiiid m'an do ghabh's a lie:' air 's a mhi-glinathaicli iad an taillear agus Cailein mu thamh,an Drot air Mor, uair a bha e 'tilleadhdlia 'uiidh anmoch à Tigli-an-agus rinn e deas airson a' ghnothuich.chaidh e ah- a mhagan fo 'n leabaidhtriubhais, u. \'igh. a bhi fad an latha <strong>An</strong> deigh dol a laidhe,—an taillearair an taobh-beoQ agvis Cailein airan taobh-cuil,— cha robh'shaod airCailein gu 'n caidleadh e idir ach a'sior-bhruidhinn aii* buidsichean, agusan taillear, ma b' fhior e fein, a'magadh air airson a bhi cho faoin." Caidil," ars' an taillear, mu dheireadh,"tha mi seachd sgith dhiot feinagus de d' bhuidsichean,—cha chi'eidmi gu 'm bheil an leithid idir anngus am ffiic no 'm fairich mi iad."Thionndaidh an taillear a chulaobhri Cailein, a thug osann throm as,agus shocruich iad iad fein airsoncadail. Is gann a neadaich iad anciun anus na cluasgan, an uair amhothaich Cailein an leabaidh ageiridh suas fodha mar gu 'm biodhcrith-thalmhainn ami. " Ni-mathg'ar teasraiginn, sin iad!" ars' esan,'s e 'toù't leum-buic a nunn airmeadhon an urlair,— "nach d' thuirtmi ribh gu'n robh buidsichean ann."Cha b' urrainn do 'u fhear a bha fo'n leabaidh cumail air fhein ; rinn eglag gaire, agus ma rinn, rinn antaillear. Bha Cailein bochd fo leithidair Cailein gu dol leis, agus moch air de bhalla-chrith 's nach b' m-rainn damaduinn an ath latha thog iad orra,— toiseachadh leotha no tlachd a ghabh-an taillear gu togarrach suundach, achCailein bochd, Ian geilt agus amharuis.ail anus an spui't ged a chunnaig eciod a b' aobhar dhi. Ged nach dochaidil e moran an oidhche sin, dh'aidich e gu 'n do chuir cleas an10
146 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an t-SauihrakUi, 1873.tailleir—oillteil 's mar a liha e,— gubuileach as a cheann, o 'n latha sin,gach creideamh ann an buidseaclias,gisreagan agus a' h-uile gne sbaoblichrabhaidb.Mac-Mharcuis.lOmh la d'an Og-mhios,1873.AINMHIDHEAN.Tha na sochairean sin gun àireamba ta air am buileacbadh air an duineleis gacb beatbacb agus ainmbidb atha teachd beo mu'n cuairt da. Thaainmhidhean na machai-ach, a'chùaiu, agus an adhair, air an dealbhadhle Dia chum maith do'n duine;agus tha na beannachdan agus nasochairean èugsamhla a tha iad a'co'.pàirteachadh ris an duine co lionmhor's nach 'eil e comusach ach fiorbheagaudiubh a thoii't fa'near. Thagach uilechrèutair air a chruthachadh,cha'n e mhàin freagarrach air son nastaide sin anns an do shònraicheadhe leis an Fhreasdal sin a ta os ceannnan uile nithe, ach tha e air a clu-uthachadhmar an ceudna chum maithsoilleii- agus sonraichte do'n duine.A thaobh m brain de na crèuLairibha tha air uachdar na tahnhainn,cha'n 'eil e furasd a dheanamh araach ciod am fèum a ta air a shonrachadhleo, ach an dèigh sin, tha iadgun teagarah chum feum àraidhèigin, oir cha do chruthaicheadh nisam bith gu diomhain leis-san, thagu neochriochuuichte glic. Is iadna beathaichean a tha 'solaireadh aiiarson nan nithe a's cudthromaiche athaobh ar loin agus ar sgeudachaidh,agus a thaobh gach cuideacliaidh eilea tha dhith oirrn anns an t-saoghalso. Tha iad air mhile seol a' solaireadhchum ar maith, agus tha iad agoibreacliadh le chèile air mhodh miorbhuileachchum ar leas. Tha ea' lihaile agus anns a' mhachair,— a'giùlan ar n-uallaichean troma,— a'tarruing gach gne charbaid agusfeuna,— a' treabhadh na talmhainn,—agus a' deanamh nithe gun àireamheile chum ar buannachd! Amhaii'cair an each, agiis nach feumail ancrèutair e ! Nach lionmhor obair athig 'n a char? Nach easguidh, unihale 'n a shaothaii'? Tha e' deanamhmaith dhuinn a thaobh a luathaisagus a neirt fein. Is mùr agus islaidir an t-elephant, ach an dèigh sinceannsaichear e, agus nithear e 'n ash(m-bhiseach ùmhal. Air an doighchèudna tha'n càmhal ro chomusachair fuachd agus teas fhulang; thaaeart mor aige, agus cuiridh e suasre ùine fhada gun bhiadh, gun deochanns an fhàsach. Nach lionmhor annithe maith' a tha sinn a' faotuinno'n chaor agus o'n mhart? Tha olannna caorach a' deanamh gach gneeudaich air ar son, an uair a ta feoilna caorach 'g ar beathachadh. Nach'eil am mart, air an doigh cheudna,chum mor bhuannachd an da chiudbeo agus màrbh! Nach luachmhoran ni am bainne fein do mhac anduine, agus mar an ceudna, feoil namairt r'a itheadh, a craicionn air sonleathraich, agus na h-adhaircean, nacosan, cnàmhan, agus na ladhran aiceair son nithe do-sheachnach anntafein ! Air an laimh eile, nach feumailan CÙ do'n bhuachaille, agris nachealanta, ciiramach, dileas a ni e aghnothuch fein mar fhear-faire a'diouadh ar tighean, agus ar codach ogach gne luchd-rèubainn ! Is dileas,treibhdhireach, càii'deil an crèutairan CÙ; fàgaidh e a chuideachd agusa ghnè fein, dlùthaichidh e ris anduine, agus cha'n àill leis idii* dealacliadhris. Ceart mar so, mar anceudna, thana meanbh-bheathaicheana tha CO lionmlior 's an t-saoghal roluachmhor annta fein do'n duine, airsoilleir do na h-uile gu'm bheil iad soil leigheis, air son dathanna sonraichte,agus ail* son Ibin do a' lughdachadh ar saoithreach annschrèix-
)Ti'eas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873 .ANGAIDHEAL. 147tambh eile. Ceart mar so, thaèunlaitli an adliar, agus gach euniteagach a' coimhliouadh nan nithe asliònraicheadli dhoibh a dbeanamh.Agus CO tha comusach air lionmhoraclidiasga na fairge a leigeadhris? Tha iad de gach mend o'nuihuic-rahara mlior, a sios dh' ionnsuidhan t-siolaig a's lugha tha'snàmhadh 's na ghimagaibh an coisa' chladaich. Dh' fhèmdadh niòrana bhi air a chur an ceill mn na nithii^hso chnm ar teagasg a thaobh maitheis,cumhachd, agus gliocais an Ti bheannuichtesin a tha riaghladh os arceann, ach fàgar sin gu ùair eile.Bhiodh e I'o thaitneach na'n gabhadh"Bun Lochabar" an ni so os làimh,a chionn gur tearc iad ri'm faotuinnaig am bheil uiread eòhiis 's a ta aigesanair mòr-bheathaichibh agus airmeanbh - bheathaichibh na cruitheachd,agus air gach buaidh agusriaghailt a bhuineas d'an nàdar-san.Ach chaidh ni's leòir a ràdh chum adlieanamh aithnichte gur e cumhachdagus gliocas neo-chriochnuichte amhàin a b' urrainn nithe co miorbhuileacha dhealbhadh agus a chumailsuas! Mar sin "Rinn Diabeathaiche na talmhainn a reir angnè, agus an spreidh a reii* an gnè,agus gach ni a shnaigeas air an talamha reir an gnh; agus chunnaic Diagu'n robh e maith," (Gen. i., 25).Alasdair Ruadii.TALADH AR SLANUIGHIR.(Cìdmhvparhaìì do Chlo'mn MMikleart.Air Fonn,—" Cumha Mhie Arois."Aleluiah, Alelniali,Aleluiah, Aleluiah.Mo ghaol, mo ghràdh, a's m 'f heudail thu,M' ionmlias ùr a's m' eibhneas thu,Mo mliacan àluinn, cèutach thu,Cha 'n f hill mi fein bhi 'd dhail.Aleluiah, &c.Cie mòr ant aobhar cliù dhomh e,'S mòr ant aobhar cùraim e,'S mùr ant aobhar umhlachd e,High nan diil 'bhi 'm laimh.Ge d' is leanamh diblidh thu,Cinnteach 's High nan Righrean thu,'S tu 'nt oighre dligheach, firinneachAir righeachd Dhe nan gràs.Ge d' is Righ na glòire thuDhiiilt iad an taigh-ùsda dliut,Ach chualas ainglean sòlasach'Toirt glòir do 'n Ti is àird'.Bu mhòr solas agus ioghnadhBuachaillean bochda nan caorach,'X uair chual iad na h-ainglean ag glaodhaich," Thaiuig Slànui'ear thun ant shaoghail."B'e sin an ceòl, 's an naigheachd àghmhor'Sheinu na h-ainglean anns na h-àrdaibh,Ag iunseadh gu 'n d' rugadh Slànui'earAm Betlehem, am baile Dhàbhaidh.B'e sin sgeula binn nam beannachd,Mu 'n aoidh a rinn tearnadh gu talamh,Cha'n ioghnadh mi bhi miiirncach, geanail,Is gile na ghrian mo leanabh.Dh' f hoUsich reulta do na righrean,Lean iad i mar iùil gu dileas,Fhuair iad 'n am achlais f hein thu,A 's rinn umhlachd dhut gu làr.Thairg iad or dhut, mirr a's tùis,Thug iad aoradh dhut a's cliii,B'e turas an àigh do 'n tiiùir,Thainig a shealtuinn mo ruin.O 'n a dh' innis aingeal De dhuinnGu 'n robh 'n f hoill an cridhe Heroid,Dh' f lialbh sinne leat do 'n EiphitG'a sheachnadh mu'n deanteadh beud ort.O! 'Heroid a' chridhe chruaidh,Cha choisinn d' innleachd dhut buaidh,'S lionar màthair dh' f hag thu truagh,'S tu dian an toir air b;is mo luaidh.'S f hada, fhada, bho ludea,Tearuinte bho d' chlaidheamh gèur e,'Measg nam mac cha d' fhuair thu fein e,'S fallain, slànthu, 's fàth dhomh eibhneas.Dh' aindeoin do mhi-rùin a's d' f barmaid,Bidh mo mhac-sa cliùiteach, ainmeil,Cha chuir e ùigh an or n'on airgiod,A righeachd cha righeachd thalmhaidh.Gur galach, brònach, tùrsach iad<strong>An</strong> drast ann an Jerusalem,A' caoidh nam macan ùra sin,'S b'e 'n diùbhail 'n cur gu bàs.Tha Rachel an diugh fo bhròn,Ag caoidh a paisdean àluinn, òg,'S frasach air a gruaidh na deòirBho nach 'eil iad aice beò.
!148 AN GAIDHEAL. Ti-eas Mìos an t-Samlirai.Ih, 1S73.Tha mi 'g altrura Righ na mòrachd,'S mise màthair Dhè na gloire—Nach buidlie, iiach sona dhòiiilisa,Tha mo cridhe Ian de shòlas!Thainig, thainig, am Mesiah,Fhuair na fàidheau uile 'n guidhe,'S f hada bho 'u b' àill leo tliu tliighiim,'S àluimi thu air mo ruighe.A ghnothach gii talamh cha b' f haoin e,'Cheamiach sàbhaladh chloinn-daoine,'S e 'm Fear-reite 's am Fear-saoraidh,Is G 'n Shhmi'ear gràdhach, caomli e.Ciamar a dh'eirich dhòmhsa'Measg ant shluaigh a bhi cho sònraicht'?'S e toil a's cumhachd Righ na gloireMac bhi agam gcd is òigh mi.S mise fhuair an ulaidh phriseil,Uiseil, uasail, luachmoir, fhinealt,'N diugh cha dual dhomh bhi fo mhighean,'S coltach ri bruadar an f hirinn.Cha tuig ainglean naomh no daoineGu la deireannach ant shaoghailMiad do thròcair a's do ghaoil-sa,Tighinu a ghabhail coluinn daonda.Bheir mi moladh, bheir mi aoradh,Bheir mi cliù dhut, bheir mi gaol dhut,Tha thu agam air mo ghairdean,'S mi tha sonh, thair cloimi-daoine.Mo ghaol ant shùil a sheallas tlii,Mo ghaol an cridh' tha liont' le griidh,Ged is leanabh thu gun chàil'S lionmhor buaidh tha ort a' fas.M' ulaidh, m' aighear, a's mo luaidh thu,Rim, a's gaol, a's gràdh ant shluaigh thu;'S tus' an Ti a bheir dhaibh fuasgladliBho chuibhreach an namhaid uaibhrich.'S tu Righ nan righ, 's tu naomh nannaomh,Dia am Mac thu 's siorruidh d' aois;'S tu mo Dhia 's mo leanabh gaoil,Thigeadh na slòigh a chur ort fàilte—Dheanamh umhlachd dhut mar Shlànui-'ear,Bidh solas mòr am measg siol Adhaimb—Thainig am Fear-saoraidh, thainigThig a pheacaich, na biodh sgàth ort,Gheobh thu na dh 'iarras tu 'ghràsan ;Ge d'bhiodh do chionta dearg mar sgarlaidBidli d' anam geal mar shneachd nan ;\rdbheann.Hosanah do Mhac Dhiibhaidh,Mo Righ, mo Thighearna, 's mo Shlànui-'ear,'S mòr mo shòlas bbi ga d' thàladh,'S beannaichte am measg nam uniài mi.<strong>An</strong>t UrkamachRaonall Mac Raing.<strong>An</strong>t 8mh Mios, 1855.CARN NAN DRUIDHEAN.A CHARAID lONMHUINN,—Tha mian deigh <strong>An</strong> Gaidheal a cliur as molaimh, aims an robli mi 'leughadhmu slieann chleachdainnean nanDruidhean, agus smaointicli mi nachbii mhisde le cuid de leughdairean a'Ghaidheil iomradh a chluinntinnair aon de na cuirn aca, a chaidhfhosgladh anns an aite so o cliionnghoirid. Tha mi am barail gur e anearn so earn a bu mho an Albainn.Thachair gur mise a' cheud neach achaidh sios ami, 's e is docha learn,o chionn corr agus da mhile bliadhna.Thachair do dhuin-uasal, d' anainm Dr. Smith a Manchester, a bhiair chuairt an so, agus bha 'aire aira tarruing a dh-ionnsaidh a' chuirn,oir tha e a' cur uidh mhoir ann anrannsachadh a mach ni sam bith adh'fhaodas solus a thilgeadh airseann chleachdainnean ar sinnsearachd.Fhuair e cead o 'n uachdran,Caimbeulach Loch-nan-eala, an earnfhosgladh. Chuir e da dhuine'n a'S tu àrd cheanu-feadhna 'chinnc-dhaond'.thaice agus thug iad dluth aii- seachdaina' cladhach m' an do rainig iad'S tusa grian gheal an dòchais,Chuireas dorchadas air fògairt ;an t-iochdar, ach an uair a rainigBheir thu clann-daoin' bho staid bhrònaichGu naomhachd, soilleurachd, a's eòlas. iad e, agus a fhuair iad ceann-saor,bha I)r. Smith air a dheadh phaigheadhairson a dhragh agus a chostais.Thachair dhomhsa a bhi 'u a chuideachd,comhladh ri aon no dha eile,an uaii- a chaidh clach a thogail, aleig ris dhuinn gu h-iosal fodhainnuanih no seomar mor, dorcha.
!;Tieas Mios an t-Sjimhraidh, IS 4N GAIDHEAL. 149Chaidh coinneal flia<strong>of</strong>caiiin agus afeucliainn a sios an toiseach, dli'fheuch an robh an t-adhar glan.<strong>An</strong>uair a chunnaig sinn gu 'n robh,chaidh mise a sios do 'n uaimli agusclia'n lu-rainn domh innseadh nafaireachdainnean a bha agam an uaira rainig mi shios,—am sheasamh annsan aite a chaidh a dhnnadh a suas ochionn, mar a thuirt mi cheana, madh' fhaoidte corr agus da nihilebliadhnaBha sreath de chlachan moi'a airgach taobh a' deauamh balla an t-seomair, agus cha 'n eil fios aig macduine ciamar a chaidh an leithid aghiulan ann. Os an cionn so bhasreath eile de chhxchan a cheart chomor, ach mu thuaii-eam oii-lich nodha na b' fhaide stigh, agus air oirnan clachan mora a b' isle bha sreathde clilachan beaga mu mheudachduibhean chalaman 's a' h-uile aondiubh cho geal ri sneachd aon oidhche.Bha an t-aite cho aitidh a'sgu'n robh druchd flinch orra, agusle solus na coinnle bha iad a' dearrsadhmar dhaoimean. Blia dachuach no miasan de chreadh airan nrlar-—aon air an taobh an iaragus aon air an taobh an ear d' ant-seomar. Os cionn nan cuach bhada chloich ghil a' beantainn ri 'cheile—bha each beagan oii'leach o 'cheile—agus bha clach bheag anns gachcuach. Bha am mullach air a chlachaireachdbeagan a stigh, agus leac'g a chomhdach. Is e an ceann a b'fhaide stigh a chaidh fhosgladh antoiseach, agus bha e mar a bha nataobhan air a dhunadh le clachanmora. Aig a' cheann eile, bha dachloich 'n an seasamh mar charraighean,a deanamh mar gu 'm b' eadh daiirsann; clach coltach ri clnasag'n asineadh eadar an da ursann sotrannsa caol, iosal a dh' fheumadhneach dol troimhe air a mhagan, agusan sin seomar eile mar a' chiadfhear. Bha ciaradh na h-oidhcheann an luiir a chaidh an earn fhosgladh,agus cha robh mi tri mionaideanair tighinn a nios 'u uaii- a charaichaon de na clachan air an taobha mach, agus a nuas thuit na tunnacliansalchair a dhuin a suas amfosgladh, agus mur bithinn a mach 'san am, is an leis na Druidhean achuir mi seachad an oidKche.Slan leat an drast. Is mi, leisgach deadh dhurachd, do charaid,Iain Caimbeul.<strong>An</strong> Leideag,Toiseach a' Gheamhraidh, 1872.NAIDHEACHDAN.Is beag nach i an aon naidheachda tha anns gach beul an drast—turasHigh nam Persianach do Shasunn.Cha'n eil fhios againn ciamar a thae fein'g a sheasadh ach cha mhornachdeachaidh daoine buileach 'n ambreislich m' a thimchioll o 'n thainige nail. Chaidh a' Bhan-righ chaomhagainn fheui a ghaii-m as a dachaidhanns a' Ghaidhealtachd a thoii-taoidheachd do'n eilthireach uasala bha air a chuairt, do 'n Roinn-Eorpa. Bha na Rioghachdan faleth troimh an d' thainig e a'comh-fharpais co bu mho chuireadhde urram air, agus cha 'n 'eila choltas oLme bhi air deireadh.Chaidh ar cabhlach 's ar suighdearaua tharriiing a mach 'n a lathair fo 'nIan uidheam agus tha sinn cinnteachnach fhacaidh e riamh sealladh choeireachdail. Tha iad ag I'adh gu 'n domhol e gu sonruichte na saighdearanGaidhealach. Cha 'n ann a mhaina dh' fhaicinn sheallaidhean agusgreadhnachais de 'n t-seorsa so athainig e nail oirnn. Is ann a ghablie an turas so os laimh a chum'sgu 'm faiceadh e ann an duthchannanna h-airde 'n Iar nithean a bhiodh achum buaiuiachd a chuid iochdaranann am Persia. Tha e 'n a Uachdranfoghluimte, tuigseach e fein agus
.!!'——;1.50 AN GAIDHEAL. 'l'ieas ilios an t-Sanihraidh, 1873.aig breatluiacbadli cUia gu 'n robli achuid sluaigL fada air an ais ann ancoimeas ri luuinntix- na li-airde 'n lar,agns gu sonniichte iochdaniin I'ictoria;dli' fliag e a lucliairt's a dlmtliaichagus thainig e nail dli' I'lieuchciod a dli' aobliaraicli an ceannas atba againn orra. A tliiiilleadh aivan run mhath a blia aige amis andragb so a ghabliail tba e glic do 'nPiiogbacbd so buntainn gu luranacb,fiughantacli ris agus a dbeagli-gbeana chosnadb 's a ghleidbeadb. Is i ariogbachd-san aon cbnap-starra a tbaeadar Enssia agus Impireacbd Bbveatainnaims na b-Innsean-an-ear; agustba anibarus mor air daoine gu bbeilsuil aig Kunnia aims an dutbaicbaluinn, tboraicb sin, Ciod air bitba tbug a' so an /Shah, mar a theiriad ris, tha docbas againn racli mil]sinn e le toirt air a smnaineacliadbnacb 'eil air an t-saogbal gu leiiuacbdraiiis airde na e fein. Is ear 'n iaiitas gu 'm faic agus gu 'nuluimi e na 's fbeaird e; gu'n rigbiche le tuilleadb iocbd n a 'bba aigeroinibe, agus gu 'n soirbhicb leisanns gacb oidbiip a bheii- e cbumleas agus buannacbd a riogbacbd's a' sin clia mbaoidb sinn costas nab-aoidbeacbd.Tba 'n t-sid ro fbreagarracb airson na dutbcba agus tba iomradbniatb air a blmrr aims gacli ceariigu sonruicbte am buntata. Bii cboirdba so gu 'n tugadb e nuas priseangbnotbuicbean, agus tba feum air, geda tba ceird a'scosnadb fbatbast jmlte.TOIMHSEACHAIN.1 Latlia (Ihomli 'a mi 'sinljhal bheann,( ;huiniaig mi na b' ioghnadh learnFiclieacl suil 'a an aona. cheann,'S deich teangannan a' bruidhinn rium2. Thainig e ;i feoil, 's cba 'n 'oil feoil ann,Innsidh e ]iaiglieachd 's gun teanga 'nchejum3. Theid mi nunn air (b-cchaid gbloinc,'S thig mi nail air drocliaid gbloinc ;'8 ma bhristeas an drocbaid ghloine,Cha 'n 'eil an He no'n Eirinn,Na chaireas an drocliaid ghloine.Fre.\g.urte.\n do na Toimhseaohainanns an aireamh mn dheireadh:— 1,iieag. 2, Gath greiue. 3, Tromb.Meuran tailleir.SOP AS GACH SEID.<strong>An</strong> uair a ni duine dioghaltas, thaa chur feiu 's an aon inbh r'a nàmhaidach an uair a bheir e maitheanas, thasin a' toirt grad bhuaidh air, agiiseibhle teine air a cheaim.Gleidh do mhisneach le deagh rùintead chridhe. Galjh tlachd ann an comnniinan càirdeau a's dillse dhuit. <strong>An</strong>nstoil-iimtinn l)i stuama. Bi do ghnàthagus cùramach 'n ad ghniomharaibhsaoghalta,—ceart 'n ad ghnotlivichaibhmuinntir eile,—seasmhach 'n adlannaibh, ma's miannach leat suaimhneasagus fois. Na labhair gu h-olc musam bith air a mhiosad. Buineascaraid le siobhaltachd, agus druidcbluasan an aghaidh gach droch sgeil.Tha tuaileas a' màrbhadh air trieaii. Tha e a' màrbhadh an ti a thalabhairt,—an ti mu'm bheil e air aairt, agus an ti a tha 'toirt cluais da.Jacal 's cxn IDcalnirlmbh.C. C. Mac Phail.—Morantaingnan oran. Tha eagal oirnn gu 'mfear dhiubh tuilleadh 's fada ; nifeum d' an fhear eile. Thig oirnnrithisd ged a b' ann le sgeulachd.D. B.—Thainig do litir, ach bhaeadh 's fada gun tighinu airson a'GHAiDH-EIL air a' mhios so. Gheobh i aite anghoirid.DoNNACHADH Ban. — Fhuair sinnlitir mhi-mhodhail, chrosda. Is neo-airidhthu air ann ainm a tha agad ; chad' fhear-cinnidh. Cha 'n 'eil sinnecoiteachadh a' Ghaidueil ort agusa sguircas tu 'g a ghabliail — goirta bhios am l^uillc — tha dochasgu 'm faigh siini os a chionu. Is iomadhse-sgillinn a tha thu a' cur ann ansuaraiche.Oailein Og.—Bheireamaid a chomhairleort, agus air moraii eile d' ar cairdeana tbug Uonnachadb Ban air Uisdein,Lcig seachad lanntachd agus sgriobheigin cilc, oir is geal is urraimi duit—thado GhaidhLig snasmhor, blasda.Uin-4,e 'g;e ana' cur'^gachglicrigheal-neacliri t'dodòigh-'g alabh-airsonbheilsinnai tuill-ninedobu tua'ged's maragainnrud is;inid-' Leig dhiot a bhi 'm Imrail gur bard thu. ' '
;THE GAEL,ENGLISHGAELIC PHILOLOGY.NOTES BY THE REV. ALEX. CAMERON.(Continued from page 58.)26. Seud, seitche and seiteachO.H.G. sind; N.H.G. sende7i; A.S.sendan; Eng. send.DEPARTMENT.JTJL"2-, 1873.S'eud (way, path; anc. set with elong from n having been dropped beforethe tenuis t, as in det, cet, tet)corresponds to W. liynt (journey,way), O.H.G. svnd (journey, way),and is, therefore, related to N.H.G.senden, A.S.seiidan., and Eng. send.Cf. Z. G. C., p. 42; Stokes' Ir. Glossaryp. 124; Bosworth's A.S. Dictionary.Seitdte or seiteach (wife - *sintdcid)was anciently seiche., i'voni set, and,therefore, signifies a fellow-traveller(Ebel's Celtic Studies, by Sullivan,p. 118).Oi seud O'Reilly gives other formssead and seod, with which may becompared saod oròrfec/(track, journey)and saodachadh (diiving cattle topasture).27. liiilich, tewiiijadli, ; Eng. lick,tongue.Iridich (to lick with the tongue) -Ir. imlighim., from im and UyJiuii(anc. ligim). Lich or Ugh (lig) correspondsto the Gi-eek root lich, fromwhich are derived leicho (to lick up),llchnos (dainty), lichneud (to lick).With leicho are cognate Lat. lingo,Ger. lecken, A.S. /t'ccmre, and, therefore,Eng. lick. Cf. W. lleijno (tolap, to lick) and lleibio (to lick).With Iritgo (to lick) may be comparedlingua {tongue) ~ dÌ7igu a (cf.lacryma - dacryma,), to which correspondGael, teangadh (tongue, anc.tenge), Ger, zunge. Ice. tunga, A.S.tunge, Eng. tongve.The Sansk. root is lih (to lick).Cf. Bopp's Sansk. Glossary, pp. 153,334.28. Sruth (stream) and river.These words are derived from acommon root sru. Cf. Sansk. rootsru (to flow), from which come srutd(flowing), srdtas (river, stream), srava(act <strong>of</strong> flowing). See Bopp's Sansk.Glossary, jjp. 436-7.To the same root belong Gr. rheò(to flow, from «?-e[F]d^, fut. rheusoinai,rhusis (a flowing), rJtoos (astream), Lat. rivus (a stream), W,ffrvxl, and several other words. Cf.Liddell and Scott's Dictionary andCurtiiTs' Gr. Etym., p. 316.With rivus are connected theEnglish words river and rival (fromrivalis).To the same root belong alsoA.H.D. stroum, IST.H.D. strom, A.S.stream, and Eng. stream. In manyparts <strong>of</strong> the Highlands srutli is pronouncedstruth.The old genitive oi sruth was srothaor srotho (Stokes' Ir. Glos.s., p. 116).Cf. the ancient river names Phroutisor Phroudis and jStrt(mò7i.29. Cnuimh or cruimh and ivorm.Cnuiinh or cruimh (worm) wasanciently cruim, with which may becompared Sansk. À:r(m(insect, worm),Lat. vermis (worm) from qiiermis(Bopp's Sansk. Glossary, p. 92) asvivo is from qvivo, Goth, vaurms.,Ger. umrm, A.S. vmrm. Old Eng.wrim., Eng. woi'm. The Welsh isl)ryf with }} for c.30. Seabhag and hawk.Seahhag (hawk) = W. hebog, with
THE GAEL.July, 1S7S.Avliicli may be compared A.S. ha foe,Dut. havk, Plat, havik, haafk, haak,Eng. haick. Cf. Ger. halncht.is connected with W. ysyud (shadow),Cor. sgod (shadow), Gr. skoios (darkness,gloom) akin to skia (shade),Ger. schatten (shadow), A.S. scead,scad, sceado, scadu, Eng. shade,shadow.Sc or sg in Gaelic frequently = sc in<strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon, sch in German, andsh in English. The following examplesmay be compared:—Gael.32. >S'f/a?* and shear, share.Sgar or scar (separate, di^ide) ^W. ysgar, and is cognate to A.S.sccran, sciran (to shear, share, divide,part) and Ger. schereu (to shear, cut),from which come English shear (cf.Ger. schere) and s/iare (cf. A. S. scear,sccer). From the same root are derivedthe Gaelic words cosgradh(slaughter ; anc. coscrad = co-scaradfrom scar)^ scar (mark, notch, cut),sgire (parisla), and the English wordsscar, score, shire.Cf. A.S. scar (notch,incision), scir (share, shire), scire(shire, county), Ice. skor (incision).33. Sgcdag; Goth, skalks; A.S.scale, scealc.Sgalag (man-servant; anc. scoloc)is akin to A.S. scale (a sei-vant, man),scealc (servant, soldier, minister),Ger. schalk (originally servant butnow kmive., wag), Goth, skalks (sei'-vant).The above comparison shows thatag oi sgalag is not the fem. dim. termination.This word, however, isnow declined as a feminine nounbecause its termination correspondsto that <strong>of</strong> feminine diminutives.Gael, s freqiiently = W. h (cf. secui 34. ,Scida and shell, scale, skull.and hen; seasy and hes}); sior [anc. Scàla (bowl, cup)=-.Corn, scala.^SM'] and /iJ?v SMfM* and him).and conesponds to O.H. Ger. scala, J31. South (now sgàthj and shade Dut. schaal (bowl, large basin), N.H. 1or shadow.Ger. schcde (cup, bowl, shell), Ice.*S't'à^/i (shade, shadow; fear, dread) skal (bowl, scales), A.S. seel, scell(shell), sccde (scale), Eng. shell, scale.Skull is from the same root (cf.Chambers's Etym. Dictionary).35. Uinneag and window.Uinneag was anciently fuindeog,which, by assimilation <strong>of</strong> d to n, becamefuinneoy, and, by dropping f,uinneag (O'Reilly), or idnneag (cffuiseog and uiseog or uiseag ,failhlieagand ailbheag, fàirneag and àirneag).Fuindeog may be compared v^'ithSgillinn, A.S. scilling, Ger. schilling,Eng. shilling; Gael, sgtcab, A. 8. Ice. vindauga (wind-eye, an eye orsce«/, Ger. schaub, Eng. sheaf; Gael. opening for the wind), from tnndrsgeilj), A.S. scylfe, Dut. schelf Eng. (wind) and cmga (eye). Cf Stokes'Ir. Glosses., p. 51.36. Greidil, greidlean, creathall,creat/mch; Eng. crate, grate, cradle.,grill, griddle.Greidil (gridiron), <strong>of</strong> which greidellis an older form, seems a loan-wordfrom Lat. craticula (a small hurdle,a gridiron) diminutive <strong>of</strong> crates(hurdle, crate). Cf W. Greidyll0. W. gratell, Med. Lat. graticrda.Greidlean (a wooden instrument forturning bread on a gridiron) is fromgreidil.Crate (wickei-work) is from Lat.crates, with which may be comparedDan. krat (copse) and Gael, creathach(brushwood, hurdle, faggots). CfChambers's Etym. Dictionary. Grate(lit. crate or lattice-work) is fromItal. grata (grate, hurdle), which isfrom crates. Cradle is from A.S.cradel or cradid, which is connectedwith craticida (a small hurdle).Grill (to broil on a gridiron) is fromFr. griller (to broil), gril (gridiron),and is evidently connected with Ital.gradella from graticuki^ cratictda.
(^=:July, 1873.THE GAEL. 153Griddle ( = greidil) and gridoi gridirongrid-iron) are from the same root.Creathall = cradle. Cf. Stokes' Ir.Glosses., p. 48.With greidil, W. greid)jU, may becompared W. greidio (-to scorch,singe), greio (to singe), Sw. grndda(to roast, bake), Gael, gread (to burn,scorch), greadan and gradau (anythingtoasted or scorched), greidh(prepare or dress "sactuals).37. Tana, teud; Eng. thin, tendon,tend, tent, tempt, tenant, tone,thunder.Tana (thin), -which coiTespondsto W. teneu, is from a roottan which is common to Gaelicand its cognate languages. Cf.Sanskrit root taih (to extend,spread) and tana (thin, slender).Teud (a chord, string) was inancient Gaelic tet, with n droppedbefore the tenuis t. Cf. Sansk. tantu(thread) and W. tant (string). Theloss <strong>of</strong> n accounts for the long vowel<strong>of</strong> tet.From the same root the followingwords, with many more, are derived—W. tanu = taemt (to spread, expand),Gr. tei)i5 (to stretch), tanud(to stretch), tanaos (stretched), toiios(that which can be stretched, cord,band; a straining <strong>of</strong> the voice, tone),Lat. tenuis (thin, slender), teneo (lit.to be stretched, keep ou the stretch),tendo (to stretch), tento (frequentative<strong>of</strong> temlo or teneo), tenuo (to makethin), tenns (as far as), tendo (string),tono (to sound), tonitru (thunder),Ger. dehneu (to extend, stretch),diinn (thin, slender), ton (tone),donner (thunder), A.S. thgn (thin),thuner (thunder). Cf Bopp's Sansk.Glossary, pp. 162, 163, and Curtius'Gr. Etym., p. 196.These words show the connectionbetween the root and the Englishwords given above. Thin is fromA.S. thyn, which is cognate to Lat.from Fr. tendon, which is akin toLat. tendo. Tend (to stretch, to aimat) is from Lat. tendo (to stretch).Tent (lit. something extended orstretched) is from Fr. tente (tent), aderivative from Lat. tendo (cf. tentorium).Tempt (lit. to stretch out)is from Lat. tento, ternpto (to tempt).Tenant is from Lat. teneo (cf. Fr.tenir, pr. p. tenant). Tone is fi'omLat. tonus = Gr. tonos, from teind.Thunder is from A.S. thuner, whichis akin to Lat. tonitru,• The Gaelic words teann (tight),teinn (distress), and teann (move),teannudh (moving), are, probably, tobe referred to the same root.38. Tingh and thick.Tiugh (thick; = W. tew) is akin toSansk. tug, tung (to be thick), fromroot tu (to increase). Lit. tunkv, (tobecome thick), Old Ger. thicko [thick.),Low Ger. dik, N.H. Ger. dick, gedeih-en,and A.S. thic, from whichEng. thick is derived.To the same root Bopp (Sansk.Glossary, p. 171) refers Lat. turgeo(71 and r being interchanged), Gael.tonngo (a billowy sea), tonnghail(wavy), tonnaim (I undulate). Ifthis reference be correct, tonn (wave)and tiugh (thick) are etymologicallyrelated.39. Tuig and think.Tuig (understand) was in ancientGaelic tuccu, with which may becompared Old Lat. tongeo (to know),Goth, thagkjan (to think). Ice.thenkja (to think), Ger. diinken (toseem, to appear), denken (to think),A.S. thencan, tldncan, from whichEng. think is derived. Cf Stokes'Ir. Glossary, jx 165.Stokes shows that aontaich (to'assent, to be <strong>of</strong> one mind with) isfrom oin-tuig (oin, now aon; = iin-us)— ointuccu in old Ii-ish.40. Ti-àill and thrall.Traill (slave), is akin to Ice.tenuis and Gael. tana. Tendon is thrall (slave), A.S. thrall (slave),
I appearance154 THE GAEL. July, 1873.from which comes Eiig. thruU (aslave, slavery).^W, Ger. drei, A.S. ^/i?'i, Eng. ^/wee;Gael, tre and troinih, Ger. durcli,A.S. thurh, Eng. through.(To he coiithmed.)LEGENDARY HISTORY OFTHE SCOTS.The history <strong>of</strong> the Scots, like that<strong>of</strong> all i-aces whose orig-iu is lost inbygone ages, commences with legendarytales. These legends were notonly accepted as historical truths,but constituted the staple history <strong>of</strong>the race. The life <strong>of</strong> the nation wasbound up iu them. lu the past wasstored up what sustained them in thebattlefield—their proper element,what kept their character from beingmoulded by external circumstances, the Roman province stationed iuand what marked them a characteristicpeople. There is no doubt a <strong>of</strong> much annoyance until the RomanBritain, They continued a S(jurcevery great deal <strong>of</strong> truth hidden in General Theodosius drove them outthese legends, and much well fitted <strong>of</strong> the kingdom. On their expulsionto exercise a poweiful influence on they returned back to Ireland. Thesimple and uneducated minds, yet a departure <strong>of</strong> Maximus, the usurpervery great deal is conjecture.<strong>of</strong> the Empire, afforded anothei- oppoitunityfor attacking- the RomanIt was the pride <strong>of</strong> the Scots totrace their origin to tlie East. This Pi-ovince, and the Scots, undauntedlielief may be accounted fui' by their by their first repulse, went o-\er onceCeltic decent. The eastern part <strong>of</strong> more to Britain. We are to concludeEurojie was the original home <strong>of</strong> theCelts. For many ages they dwelthere in piimitive simplicity. But,from causes now unknown, they lefttheii- homes, perhajiS 1,400 yearsliefore the incarnation <strong>of</strong> Christ, andmoved westward. 'J'lio part theyacted ill the world's history during-All we know with certainty is thatthey fought their way through themountain fortresses that enclosed thecentre <strong>of</strong> Europe. A part <strong>of</strong> themestablished themselves here, whilesome <strong>of</strong> them 2)ushed still furtherwestward ; and others marchedIll the above examples initial t inGaelic corresponds to d in N.H. Germanand to th in <strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon andEnglish. The following Avords comeunder the same rule :—Gael. Trnvr/or tainc, Ger. dank, A.S. thane, and southwards, crossed the Apennines,Eng. thanks; Gael, tu, Ger. du, A.S. overran the plans <strong>of</strong> Northern Italy,tliu, Eng. tho^i.; Gael, tart, Ger. and occupied the territory called bydurst, A.S. thyrst, Eng. thirst; Gael. the Romans Gallia Cisalpina, orHither Gaul. At what time those<strong>of</strong> them who moved westward arrivedin Britain, no one now can tell.It is probable that they made theirin Ireland under thename <strong>of</strong> Scots at least 1,000 yearsbefore the Christian era. The Picts—another branch <strong>of</strong> the Celtic race—might have come to Alban, orwhat is known as <strong>Scotland</strong>, aboutthe same time. As this subject isone concerning which there has beenmuch speculation and idle controveisy,I think fit to say no morewith regard to it.The Scots appear for the first timein authenticated history in 360.Here we find them, in conjunctionwith the Picts, making incursions onthey were not so successful this time,foi-, according to Gildas tlie historian,they retui'iied very (piickly totheir Hibernian homes.The most authentic notice we have<strong>of</strong> them recoi'ds their permanentsettlement in the west <strong>of</strong> Alban, underthe leadership <strong>of</strong> Lorn, Fergus, and
July, 1873. THE GAEL. 155this long period is not well known.<strong>An</strong>gus, the three sons <strong>of</strong> Fergus niorM'Erc, one <strong>of</strong> the Irish DalriadicKings. The time <strong>of</strong> their arrival isfixed between the dates 497 and 506,A.D. The Irish legends refer to asettlement <strong>of</strong> the Scots previous tothis. These allusions most likelyrefer to the predatoiy excursionsmade some centuries before this onthe Roman Province. Their kingdom,generally called Dalriada, thename <strong>of</strong> the district in Ireland whencethey came, extended from the Firth<strong>of</strong> Clyde to Lochaber. On the eastit was bounded by Drumalban—thechain <strong>of</strong> mountains stretching fromLoch Lomond to Loch Broom inSutherlandshire, and forming as theword denotes, the backbone <strong>of</strong><strong>Scotland</strong>.It would therefore includethe districts <strong>of</strong> Ai-gyle proper, Lorn,Morven, and Kiutyre, the islands <strong>of</strong>Islay, Jiu-a, and Mull. Duuadd, thecapital <strong>of</strong> the Dalriadic kingdom, wassituated in the centi-e <strong>of</strong> the Moss <strong>of</strong>Ci-ianan, and may still be seen.The Scots remained in Dalriadafor about 250 years. The principalevents <strong>of</strong> their history during thistime was their subjection to the<strong>An</strong>glic rule for 40 years, and theirutter subjugation by the Picts <strong>of</strong>Alban. In the middle <strong>of</strong> the ninthcentury the kingdoms <strong>of</strong> the Picts andScots became united under KennethM'Alpin, a prince <strong>of</strong> Dalriada. 200years after this the name <strong>of</strong> thePicts—the ancient hihabitauts <strong>of</strong>Albyn—everywhere gave place tothat <strong>of</strong> the Scots, so that Albyn waschanged into <strong>Scotland</strong>, which nameit still retains, and its kings weretermed Beges ò'cotorìfm— kings <strong>of</strong> the'^cots. Having })i-emised this, we goon with the Sctittish Legends.R. Ma(J-an-Rothaicii.{To be coiiiinued.)CONTRACT OF FOSTERAGE, INGAELIC, A.D., 1614.(<strong>National</strong> MSS. <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, No.Ixxxiv.part III., 1872.)Ag so an tachd agus an cengal araffuil macleoid ag tabhairt amhic iodhoutormoid deoin mac mic cainnighagus ase so an tachd ar afiuil ar affuilse ag coin iodhon an leauamh do bethaga mhnaoi no go ttugaidh si feinfear, ma se eoiu is girra saoghal. achdfearachd sul in leiuimh do bheth agaonghus mac mic cainnigh in fadabhias si gan f hear da tabhairt aguscomhluath agus abhear fear hi anleanamh ag aonghus fein osin amaclilena bheo fein agus madh he abhratairiodhon domuall mac mic cainnighis faide saoghal an diaigh aonghuis.ata an leanamh ag domhall mar ingcetna. agus ata cuid duine chloinnedo dhilib ag mac leoid go re triuiriodhon e fein agus a maceighre iodhoncoin mac mic leoid agus tormoid indaltasa eoiu mac mic cainnigh ar eoinagus ar aonghus mac mic cainnighagus ar dhomhnall mac mic cainnighagus ar da mac domhnaill micmurchaidh iodhon ruaidri agus murchadhagus ar da. mac donnchaidhmic domhnaill iodhon eoin agusdomlinall agus ar bhrian mac micniuiredhaigh agus ar ghillechalaimmac aff hearsuna agxis ag so antshealbh do chuir eoin mac miccaimn'gh ar seilbh an leinimh tormoidiodhon ceithre laracha agus a ceithireile do chuir mac leoid ar a seilbh lecois tri laracha do gheall se dhoanuair doghlac se ina uchd e aguscoimhed agiis fearachd sul na seachdlaracadh sin tug mac leoid donleauamh abeth ag eoin mac cainnighda gcur ar biseach da dhalta aguscoimhed agus fearachd sul na gceitrelaracha tug eoin mac cainnigh dadaltaabeth ag mac leoid da gcur ar bisechdo mar in gcetna agus ag so nafiaghnadha ata airsin iodhon maigh-
Donald, and against Brian, son <strong>of</strong> thesou <strong>of</strong> Murdoch: <strong>An</strong>d agaiust Gille-'156 THE GAELisdir eog-an mac suibhiie minisdir callum Mac Pherson: <strong>An</strong>d this isdhiiiiriniiisi agus domhiiall mac pail the stock which John, son <strong>of</strong> the sonduil)li agus eoiii mac colg-an minisdir <strong>of</strong> Kenjieth put in possession <strong>of</strong> thebracadiiil agus toirdealbhach ouiurglieasaanos an tochdamh la doctober and other four which Mac Leod putchild Norman, namely, four mares,aois an tigeama mile 6. c. a 4 x. in his possession, along with threeS R Macleoid. which he promised to him when heJo" m" colgan w'nes took him to his bosom; and theDonald mak quien witnes charge and keeping <strong>of</strong> these sevenToirdelbliach omurg-easamares which Mac Leod gave to themar fiaghnaisichild shall be with Johi», son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth,in order to put them to increaseMr ewin m*" quein ^dtnesfor his foster-son ; and the care andkeeping <strong>of</strong> the four mares whichEnglish Tkanslation. John, son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth gave to hisBi/ the Rev. Thos. Maclauchlan, LLD.^ foster-son shall be with Mac Leod toEdinburgh.put them to increase for him in likeThis is the coudition and agreementon which Mac Leod is giving to this, namely, Mr. Ewen M'Queen,manner; and these are the witnesseshis son, namely, Norman, to John the minister <strong>of</strong> Diurinish, Donald, son <strong>of</strong>son <strong>of</strong> the son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth, and this black Paul, and John M'Colgan,is the condition on which he is with minister <strong>of</strong> Bracadale, and TurloughJohn, namely, if so be it that John O'Morissy, now the eighth day <strong>of</strong>die first, the child to be with his October in the 3'ear <strong>of</strong> our Lord, onewife until she get a husband for herself,but the guardianship <strong>of</strong> theS. R. MACLEOD.thousand six hundred and fourteen.child to belong to <strong>An</strong>gus, sou <strong>of</strong> theJohn M'Colgan, witness.son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth, so long as she isDonald M'Quein, witness.without a husband, and so soon as aTurlough O'Morissyman marries her, the child to beas witness.with <strong>An</strong>gus himself from that timeMr. Ewin M -Quein, witness.forward during his life, and if hisbrother, namely, Donald the sou <strong>of</strong>the son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth be the louger CELTIC TOPOGRAPHY.lived after <strong>An</strong>gus, the child shall be( Continued from page 123.)with Donald in like manner; and A chchalaclair = ' ' oakfield. 'the Aclia means "field," Latin ager, Greekfujros, 0. H. D. acca, achic. Compare Gaelicacalr, Welsh egr, Irish acra, Gothicakrs, originally, I suppose, pasture landfor cattle, sheep walk, from Latjnago.Caladalr, I take to mean " oakwood."C'o(7/e, Irish Co /7/, "wood," Arm.rail, Covnish kelU, Latin cefo, "conceal,"Mac Leod has a son's share <strong>of</strong>stock during the lifetime <strong>of</strong> three,namely, himself, and his son theheir, John, the son <strong>of</strong> Mac Leod,and Norman, this foster-child <strong>of</strong> John,the son <strong>of</strong> the son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth, andagainst Donald son <strong>of</strong> the son <strong>of</strong>Kenneth, and against the two sons<strong>of</strong> Donald the son <strong>of</strong> Muixloch,namely, Roderick and Mui-doch, andagainst the two sons <strong>of</strong> Duncan, theson <strong>of</strong> Donald, namely, John and"hide," CJreek kaltjpto, German hehlen," hide," as a covert or place <strong>of</strong> concealment.Dair is the only vocable employedin Gaelic for "oak," in the form darach,as craobh dharakh, "oak tree." A. S.tre, "tree," Gothic triu, Greek drus,drute, droite, drumos, Sanscrit dru,
"'"July, 1873. THE GAEL. 157Doiredararh, "oak grove." All, I opine,bespeak the old Caledonian forests mentionedby the Roman writer Tacitus, &c.Ard-hhrcac-niti — " \oity, spotted promontory."Ard means "high," "l<strong>of</strong>ty," Sanscritììrdva, "raised up," "l<strong>of</strong>ty."Greek ortliòs, " straight," in altitude,"upright." Most probably this is thesame as alt in the L?itm alius, "high,"from alere "to nourish," "grown large," aroot still living in the Gaelic al, alach,altruiu, &c.Breac is the usual word in Gaelicfor "spotted;" Irish hreac, Welshhrech, brych, Armoric breach, brech,"spotted." This word appears also asbrae in braclan, bradiath, &c. Bracach,"grey," brach, "a pimple," broke,"mole," " freckle, " 6r<strong>of</strong>//i, <strong>of</strong>ten erroneouslyspelled broth, eruption on face,pimples, and pustules. Now this wordopens out for us an extensive alliance withthe other languages <strong>of</strong> Europe and India.Gothic hrak, brekun, brukens, Germanbrechen, A.S. brecan, English break, brake,as thorny brake, lowland Scottish bruke,as brukie face, German breclte, Welshbrwg, G&eiic fraoch, "heath," and pro-place and rivernames. Old Celtic auvona, British avon,bably bruach, "broken border <strong>of</strong> stream, here too belongs, abon potanton, mouth <strong>of</strong>Welsh bregn, "break," Gaelic breoth, the Humber in Ptolomy. In the ancientbreothda, with th for gh, breoghda, domains <strong>of</strong> Sabines, Servius in Virgil, vii."crushed," "maimed," bria, briosg, 657, mentions aven as a river name."brittle," French brèche, bris in de-bris, Gaelic abh, amh, obh, "water," ob "bay,""the broken remains," hsitin fregi, fractuni,fractura, fragmentum, fragor, fracidus,Greek rhag, rhakos, in Aeolic brakes,Sanscrit vrache, "break." The primarysense is to sti'ain, rack, so as to burst orbreak.Nis, or better ness, as in Invernesfi (forI believe this has nothing to do with hm,"an island"). Sans, nàsà, Gothic nas,A.H.D. nasa, German nase, Saxon nase,naese, Eng. ness in Dungeness, Sheerness,and Inverness, Duncansbyness, &c. ;Latin nasus, nares, "nose," "nostrils,"French nez. Compare here Peloponnesus,the promontory <strong>of</strong> Pelops. This wordmeans the "outstanding part <strong>of</strong> anjrthing,"as the nose <strong>of</strong> the face, a projecting part<strong>of</strong> a hill, or land jutting out into the seaor any water.Clais-ghobhar — "goat's hollow.""wood," "tree," drumas, "wood," Clals I imagine has lost, like so manyGaelic druman (Elder), samhucm nigra. Gaelic vocables, a medial d, or rather dh,Welsh derw, dero, "oak," dar, darar/, and therefore, dais is likely for dadhais,Sanscrit taru, ' ' tree, " as piercing or shootingnp. Many place names in the vicinity Welsh clawdd, Armonic klcnz, "bank,"darlh,' trench, " " burying - ground,have this same root very prominent in "hedge," &c., Welsh dadd.fa, "gravestone,""spawn" (^ctocWw^, daidh, claidh-them, at Cuildara, "oakneuk." C'oUdcarI take to be coille, ffoj-aicA, "oak wood, "andaig, "dig," "spawn," Latin daudere,clades. I am certain that this is theproper derivation and affinity <strong>of</strong> this word.The root denotes both "striking," so asto injure (see daidh "sword," Latindades "slaughter"), and "strike" so asto dig out. Gladhalch "dig."Gabhar "goat," is related to Latincaper, capra, Greek kapros, French,chèvre, Cornish gavar, Irish gabhar, &c.Blar-abhainn= "plain <strong>of</strong> the river."Blar is "a plain clear <strong>of</strong> woods," "astar" or "spot" on the face <strong>of</strong> a cow orhorse. The only connection I know <strong>of</strong>this word is the German bldr, ulcus,bldrre, vulnus "grave," "saddle chafe,"in Gaelic, geal-srathrach, A.H.D. blasros,equus, qui albamfrontem habet. Bias, bias,blex, from blasros, "white spot" or "star"in forehead, macula alba in fronte equi,bovis, canis. Gaelic blarach and hlarag,"having a white star in forehead,"N.N.L. blaar and hlare, means black cowwith a white fleck. This may belong tothe same root as "blister," blow andLatin y/«re, <strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon bladr. Old Norsebladhra, vesica, &c.Abhainn, the ordinary word for "largeriver," very numerous in"harbour." Compare oban and aberaibheis "ocean," "gulf," Welsh aw"fluid," "flowing," our «it'e in Loch-awe,avon, aven, in Gaelic abhan, abhainn,amhain, Latin amnls, Sanscrit and Zend.ap, afs, Gothic ahva, Greek aa, "water"and a;)/(?-o.s, "foam." Fraoch.THE HIGHLANDER.The feeling which prompted the criticism<strong>of</strong> a criticism, may justify a friendlyword <strong>of</strong> explanation from us in reply tothe Highlander's strictures on the notice <strong>of</strong>that paper which ajDpeared in the Gael lastmonth; but we have the additional ground,that, in reproducing our note, they have,by the accidental omission <strong>of</strong> a line, madeus say the opposite <strong>of</strong> what we did say.We deprecated the practice <strong>of</strong> translating
158 THE GAEL.technical terms and jiroper names intoGaelic " as if the lamjuage ioere 'impotentto famish names in keeping with its owngenius and idiom." The words in Italicswere inadvertently omitted in the Hit/hlander.Our northren friend trips us upby saj'ing, that Ard-AV)annach is not atranslation <strong>of</strong> Highlander. The secondhalf <strong>of</strong> the word certainly is not a translation,but the first half is, and, whenprefixed to Alhannacli, gives us quite anew and unique name—one which wenever heard applied to a Scottish Highlander.Aìhaììììnrh is our Gaelic equivalentfor Scotsman, thertilom Ard-Alùannachsignifies, in <strong>Scotland</strong> at least. High, orChief, or Arch-Scotsman. The suggestion<strong>of</strong> the name, however, seems to havecome from Ireland, and with all respectto Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Bourke—himself no meanCeltic scholar—we do not think he hasmade a happy selection. In the pr<strong>of</strong>essor'sown country, we understand, thatthe term <strong>An</strong>l-AÌ/iaiiiìarh would be appliedto an Arch-Protestant or Presbyterian.But after all, the mere Gaelicheading is a small matter ; we are gladto see the Iliylilander maintaining itsexcellent character, and hope to see it,])y continuance in well-doing on behalf <strong>of</strong>our country and countrymen, attain tothe position <strong>of</strong> being, par fixcellence, theChief-Scotsman in the newspaper world.BOOKS, &c.Gaelic Schools Society : Sixty-Second <strong>An</strong>nual Rei^ort.We have mncli pleasure in callingthe attention <strong>of</strong> our readei's to thismost useful Society, the report <strong>of</strong>Avhose proceedings for the jiast yearhas just come to hand. It is doinggreat and good work for the promotion<strong>of</strong> education, especially Gaelicinstruction, in the Highlands, andthat so unobtrusively that we doubtnot many <strong>of</strong> our i-eaders were ({uiteunaware <strong>of</strong> its existence. The Societywas instituted in 18,1 for thesupport <strong>of</strong> Gaelic schools, and havingas its primaiy object the teaching <strong>of</strong>the " inhabitants to read the HolyScriptures in their native language."To this object the Society has adheredwith the slight deviation <strong>of</strong> administering"the rudiments <strong>of</strong> English whendesired, and where it would not iuterfei'ewith the carrying out <strong>of</strong> tlieprimaiy intention <strong>of</strong> its founders.The results are most gratifying, thereis an attendance <strong>of</strong> 1741 scholars inthe schools <strong>of</strong> the society, and allthat is required to extend its usefulness,much more the "sinews <strong>of</strong> war."We cordially recommend the objectto the liberality <strong>of</strong> all true heartedHighlanders. We may mention thatthe Treasurer is IVfr. John Maclaren,138 Princes Street, Edinburgh.OssiANic Controversy: A Lecturedelivei-ed to the Greenock HighlandSociety, by the Rev. JohnM'Plierson, Gaelic Parish. AM'Kenzie & Coy., Greenock.We congratulate the GreenockHighlanders on this, the first emanation<strong>of</strong> their energetic Society, andwe hope it may not be the last, whichwe may have the pleasure <strong>of</strong> jjerusing.The Lecture bears the motto, Clannanmi Gàidlieal re gualllibh a. cheile,which we jiresume is the motto <strong>of</strong> theSociety, under whose auspices it wasdelivered. The lecturer brieflyalludes to " the origin <strong>of</strong> the controversyand the circumstances whichat first roused suspicion in the minds<strong>of</strong> literary men, regarding the authenticityand genuineness <strong>of</strong> theOssianic poems," and then reproducesseveral <strong>of</strong> the more general objectionsurged against their authenticity. Inrefuting David Hume's argument,that " The preservation <strong>of</strong> such longand such connected poems by oraltradition alone, during a course <strong>of</strong>foui-teen centuries, is so much out <strong>of</strong>the ordinary course <strong>of</strong> human affairs,that it requires the strongest reasonto make us believe it;" the authorremarks, " we miist remember thatwe ai-e not to judge bygone agesentii-ely by the present, and I cannot
help thinking that had the historiantaken a little more trouble to investigatethe manners, customs, andinstitutions <strong>of</strong> the Highlands, duringthe fourteen or fifteen centuriesreferi'ed to, lie woiild have discoveredthat the preservation <strong>of</strong> these poemswas not so wonderful as at first heimagined. Men in these days possessedmore retentive memories thanin the days <strong>of</strong> Hume. The art <strong>of</strong>printing has increased knowledge,but it has not impi-oved the memory,when men have their libraries storedwith books they have no occasion totax their memories, they have onlyto refer to their authorities. But inan age when knowledge is not sostereotyped, men have to trust totheir own mental repositories. Inthose days literature was scarce, andconsequently precious, and as a heirloom,handed down from father toson." Space forbids our quotingmore largely at this time from Mr.MacPherson's excellent lecture; wemust therefore leave it with a recommendationto our readers, that theyought to procure it for themselves,and we are convinced that on perusalthey Avill agi'ee with us, that theauthor is fully entitled to the conclusion,to which he states he is inevitablydriven, that "Fingal lived andOssian sang."()l0rresp0niiencc.GAELIC PROVERBS.Dear Sir, —Having in view the preparation<strong>of</strong> a new edition <strong>of</strong> "Mackintosh'sGaelic Proverbs," now a scarcebook, I shall be obliged to any <strong>of</strong> yourreaders who will kindly send me any additions(fiop as (jadi seidj to the unpublishedstock <strong>of</strong> Gaelic proverbs, in orderto make the collection as complete aspossible. —I am, yours truly,Alex. Nicolson.Kirkcudbright, 16th June, 1873.THE GAEL. 159LEABHAR NA FEINNE.Sir,—I have this day read Nos. 13, 14,15, 16, <strong>of</strong> the Gael. Amongst more interestingmatter I find reference to mysubjects, my books, and myself, at pp. 26,49, 110, 114, 127. Allow me to thankyour contributors for their notice, and toinform them and your readers that theprice <strong>of</strong> Leahhar na Feinne, Vol. I., GaelicText, is £1. Mr. William Scott, whomanages here for me, will send copies inreturn for Post Office orders payable tohim, or to me, at Kensington.As Mr. Cameron truly says, at p. 26,I "make no pretentions to Gaelic scholarship,"but I have printed at my own costa large collection <strong>of</strong> genuine old heroicGaelic ballads, from authentic and attainablesources, and scholars may wish tobuy that which I can supply. I amobliged to "D. C. M." — I am, yourobedient servant,J. F. Campbell.Niddry Lodge, Kensington,London, W., June 19, 1873.OISEAN AGUS AN CLEIREACH.Sir,—For the satisfaction <strong>of</strong> your corresijondent" D. C. M.," I may mentionthat the Ossianic ballad which appearedin the April number <strong>of</strong> the Gael wastaken from the M'Nicol MSS. referred toin the note which I appended to "UrnuighOisein" (see Gael, vol. i., p. 84)—thesame collection from which afterwardsthe copy published by Mr. J. F. Campbell,at p. 72 <strong>of</strong> Leahhar na Feinne, wastranscribed. This accounts for your correspondent'smistake when he stated thatthe copy which appeared in your columns"was evidently founded" on that givenin Leahhar na Feinne, a mistake, however,which the foot-notes might haveprevented.My aim was to give M'Nicol's versionin a form in which it might be intelligibleto ordinary readers, and, therefore, Ialtered and corrected his orthography,but the changes which I made on histext, after collating it with those <strong>of</strong> MissBrooke and Gillies, are \ery few, andare all pointed out by myself in thefoot-notes.—I am, &e.,A. C.26th June, 1S73.
160 THE GAEL. July. 1873.NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.Balmoral.—<strong>An</strong> elegant mouumeut tothe late liev. Dr. Norman Macleod isIjeing erected in Cratbie Parish Church.It is a stained glass two-light window,and bears an api>ropriate inscription.Her Majesty has returned south to dohonour to the Persian monarch.Plockton. Mr. F. D Macdonell, thewell-known Gaelic bard, is about to emigrateto New Zealand. He carries withhim the best wishes <strong>of</strong> all who knew him.We heartily wish him every success inhis new sjihere.Inverness.—The Gaelic society is tohold its annual meeting this month.(Jluny Macpherson, Esq., is to preside,and from the array <strong>of</strong> talent which hasbeen secured the assembly promises tobe a triumphant success.;Errat.\. —^We regret that by an overlookthe following typographical errorsappeared in Fraoch'.s article on CelticTopography in last month's Gael :—Theword " Orchay " was ommitted in line 27from top, page 123, col. 1st., before theword "Most"; " Aerna" in line 53 shouldhave been "Aerua"; " Helna" in line 55shoidd have been "Helua"; " horsus"line 8, col. 2d, should have been ""hortus";' •A. G. " line 1 1 should have been " A. S. "" frith" line 12 should have been "grith";and " gortain-fuarain", line 15 shouldhave been "gort-nam-fuaran."The Rev. Mr. Cameron's JVotes onGaelic Grammar and Orthographyare in hand, and loillappear in our next number.THE GAEL.Payable in Advance.FOR ALL PARTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM,Five Shillings and Sixpence per <strong>An</strong>num, including Postage.FOR PLACES ABROAD,A Special Edition <strong>of</strong> "The Gael" is printed on thin paper, to come within thePenny rate <strong>of</strong> Postage to places outside <strong>of</strong> the United Kingdom, but Subscribers wishingto pay the extra Postage, which is Twenty-five Cents, or One Shilling sterling,can have the other quality sent to them instead.Our Subscribers in Canada (where " The Gael" was originally started) had it forthe first year at One Dollar; but as "The Gael" is now nearly Double its OriginalSize, and we have to pay Four, and in some cases Eight times the amovmt <strong>of</strong> Postagerequired in Canada, we have to charge a uniform rate <strong>of</strong> One Dollar and a Quarter,or Five Shillings sterling, and the British Postage (which we have to pay) added, willmake the Terms <strong>of</strong> Subscription to the diflerent places abroad as follows :To Canada, and all parts <strong>of</strong> British North America, the United States, Australia,New Zealand, India, &c.. One Dollar and a Half ($1.50) or Six Shillings sterling perannum ; on Thick Paper, One Dollar and Thrce-Quarters (|1.75), or Seven Shillingssterling.SPECIAL NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.All Communications connected with the Editorial Department <strong>of</strong> "The Gael"should be addressed to the Editor <strong>of</strong> "The (ìael;" and Communications on theGeneral Business, to the l'ul>lishers <strong>of</strong> "The Gael," 34 Hutcheson Street, Glasgow.Letters intended for the Editor or Publishers should not, under any circumstances,be sent to the individual address <strong>of</strong> either employes <strong>of</strong> the <strong>of</strong>fice, or the Publishers,as they are apt to be delayed or miscarried, and perhaj)s lost altogether, in the event<strong>of</strong> the party addressed being absent.—The Office <strong>of</strong> "The Gael," has been removed to No. 84. HUTCHESONSTREET.
J^XiII. Leabh.] CEUD MHIOS AN FHOGHARAIDH, 1873. [la Am.air cruinn-mheallaibhsoillsi:ach nan speur.EARRANN X.Cha chomas duinn ai- n-inntinn ashuidheachadh air ni faicsinneaclisam bith na 's oirdheii'ce agus iia 'sluaisiche na air na soluis sin, a taair an sgaoileadh a mach air feadhfarsuingeaclid do-rannsuchaidh naci-uitlieachd ! Is leoir gu cinnteaclian sealladh so gu thoirt oirnn a radhmaille ris na Lebhithich o sliean, "IsTusa ad aonar an Tigliearua; rinnThvi na neamha; neamlia nan neamli,agus an sloigli uile, an talamh, agusgach ni a ta air, na cuanta, agusgach ni a ta annta, agus tlia Thu 'gan cumail suas nile " (Neli. ix. 6).Is minic a bheachdaicli Salmadarbiun Israeli le greadhnachas air nareultaibli soillseach ! Is t)-ic a thoge 'inntinn bharr na talmliainn agus ashocraich se i air na h-ionadaibliiomallacli agus fada as sin, a ta,gidheadli, air an lionadh. le lathaireachdagus le oibribh a' Chruitheir.Bha iong-antas air nacb do dbichuimliniclieadlicreutair co suaracbris fein am nieasg ailleacbd nan nithea bha inu 'n cuairt da ; agus air dafior - nih(^tbuchadb a bhi aige mutbimchioll a neo-airidheacbd fein,thog e a shuilean suas gu neainh,agus thul)hairt e, " Co e an duinegu 'm biodh Tu cuimhneachail air, nomac an duine, gu 'm fiosraicheadh Tuel" <strong>An</strong> comas do ni air bith a bhiaich, ceart mar a ta ise a' toirt soluisdo'n talamh, agus do na reultaibhsin eile a tha 'g iadhadh mu 'n cuairtna 's freagarraiche chum umhlachd a di fein. Is e is aobhar, uime sin, dodhusgadh anus a' chridhe, no chum dhubhradh a bhi air a' ghealaich,an inntinn a dheachdadh le smuaintibhgu 'm bheil an talamh a' dol direachdiadhaidh, na a bhi 'beachdach-eadar i agus a' ghi ian, aii- chor is11adh le curam air a'ghrein, a'ghealach,agus na reultaibh? Nach do-chnr anceill an aireamh? Nach do-thuigsinnan astar? Nach anabarrach ammeud? Nach oirdheirc an soilleireachd"?Nach iongantach an luathasleis am bheil iad a' siubhal 'n ancuairtibh Ì Nach eagnnidh a ta iadair an cothromachadh 'n an slighibhfein, as nach comas doibh claonadhlend na roinneig'? Agus 0, nachmiorbhuileach a ta iad a' cur an ceillcliu, cumhachd agus gloir an DeUile-bheannaichte sin a labhair amfocal, agus leum iad suas gu bith!Am measg nam buaidhean agusnan atliarraichean a chithear airmeallaibh soillseach nan speur, thaaon ann air nach tugadh fatliast iomradh,agus is e sin an seol air ambheil iad, air amannaibh, air ancomhdachadh le duibhre. Cha lionmhoriad nach do ghabh beachd airdubhradh na greine agus na gealaich',trid an robh an dearrsadh re tamuillair a dhorchadhadh mar le sgailedoilleir. Aii' duinn uiread a labhairtchtana mu tbimchioll na greine, nagealaich', agns na talmliainn, tha sinnan duil a nis, gur soirbh an ni toirtair luchd-leughaidh a Ghaidheil athuigsiun gu soillcir, ciod is aobhardo'n dubhradh so a dh' ainmich sinn.Feumar a chuimhneachadh, gidheadh,chum so a thuigsinn gu ceart, gur ia' ghrian tha 'toirt soluis do 'n gheal-
162 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud ilhios an Fhogliaraiilh, 1S73.nacli coinas do sliolus na greineruiglieaclid oii-re. Agus air do 'ntalamh a blii na 's mo ann am meudna 'gbealach, comhduicliidh faileas natalmliainn barrachd na lend na gealaiche,agns air an aobhar sin, feudaidhe bhi gu 'm mair an dubliradhoirve re nine fliada. Cha'n urrainndu])hradh teaclid air a' ghealaicli achan uair a bhios i Ian, do bhrigh, aigam sam bitli eile, nach 'eil an talamhdireacli eadar i agus a' ghrian ;agusclia 'n 'eil an talamh mar sin anns a'cheart shuidheachadh sin gach uair ata 'ghealach laii, oir n' am biodh,rachadh dubhradh fhaicinn air a'ghealaicli gach mios d' an bhliadhna.Air uairibh cha tuit faileasna talmliainn ach air ean-ainnbheag d' an ghealaicli agus chithearan sin i mar gu 'm biodh mirair a ghearradh aisde ; ach ann ambeagan uine theid an talamh à rathadsoluis na greine, agus nochdaidh ansin a' ghealach i fein Ian, cruinn,agus dealrach, mar nach tachradh niAch air an laiinh eile,sam bith dhi.tha dubhradh a' teachd air a' ghrein,an uair a theid a' ghealach eadar iagus an talamh, agus mar sin achumas i solus na greine uainn-ne.Cha'n urrainn so tachairt ach aigcaochladh na gealaiche, do brigh aiguair sam bith eile, nach coinas di abhi direach eadar a' ghrian agus sinne.Tha e 'tachairt gu'm blieil a' ghealach,mar is trice, a' siubhal 'n a cuairt andarna cuid beagan na's airde, nobeagan na 's isle na 'n talamh, oirmar biodh a' cliuis mar sin, bhiodlidubhradh gach mios air a' ghealaichan uair a Vjhiodh i Ian, agus dubhradheile gach mios air a' ghrein aigcaochladh na gealaiche. Air do 'ngliealaich a bhi na 's lugha ann anlend iia 'ghrian, cha choinas di, airuairil)]i, aghaidh na grein' a chomlidiichadhgu h-iomlan, agus air anaobhar sin, cha'n fhaicear de'n ghreinach faiune caol, dealrach, d'a b-oira mach, nach urrainn a' ghealach achomhduchadh. Bha dubhradh morair a' ghrein air a' chuigeamh la deugde cheud mhios an t-Samhraidh, 1836;agus bha dubhradh eile oirre dhe 'ngline cheudna, agus a chunncas 's anduthaich so, air a' chuigeamh la deugde Mhart na bliadhna 1858; achbithidh dubradh iongantach moroirre, leis an comduichear ach beag agnuis gu h-iomlan air an naodhamhla deug de cheud mhios an Fhogharaidh,1887, 's e sin ceithir bliadhnadeug' an deigh so.Tha dubhradh mar an ceudna, a'teachd gu trie air gealaichibli/?;^;i7e/r,agus >Shahtirn, a ta 'n a fheuiu mordo 'n mharaiche, a chionn gur ann leam dubraidh nan gealaichean sin,tha e gu h-innleachdach a' faotuinn aniach a shlighe fein air na cuantaibhfada agus farsuing.Tha e soilleir gur annabarrach a'chinnteachd leis an d' fhuair na reultaireana mach slighean agus cuairteannan reult, na greine, na gealaich',agus na talmhainn, do brigh gu 'ninnis iad an la, an uair, agus a'mhionaid anns an tachair dubhradhair bith, ma thogras iad, gu ceannmile bliadhna an deigh so. Gabhadhneach miosachan air son bliadhnasam bith, agus chi an sin, air an ainmeachadhroimh laimh, gach dubhradha thachaireas aira'bhliadhua sin,agus mar an ceudna na h-aitean de 'ntalamh anns am faicear iad.Is lionmhor beachd saobh-crabhacha ghabh na cinnich o shean airdubhradh na greine agus na gealaiche.Bha iad an duil gu 'n robli gach sealladha chitheadh iad de 'n ghne so 'na mhanadh air olc, agus ag eirigh oaimlireit eadar na diathan agus cunihaclidanan dorchadais. Cha 'n fhaic-;eadh iad dubhradh air a' ghrein, noair a' ghealaicli, ach an uair a bhiodhiad, 'n am barail fein, cinnteach gu'ntigeadh dosgainn eagalaich, eiginorra, agus gu 'm bio
";;EiL urramaicli, gach ni a chuir sinn throcair ! Sgiathanacii.Ceud Mhios au Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 163fiosracliadh le gorta, plaigli, no cogadh!romhainn a labhairt mu chruinn-<strong>An</strong>ns a' bhliadhna 431 m'an mheallaibh soillseach nan speiir, agusd' rugadh ar Slanuighear blia dubhradhtha sinn an dochas gu'm bi na' sgriobh-iomlau air a' ghrein, agus adh air na nithibh taitneach so, chumsmuainich an sluagh gu 'm b'e sin a b'aobliar do 'n phlaigh sgriosaich a bbaammor-bhuannachd do uile luchd-leughaidha' Ghaidheil, agus gu'n toir ebhi deidheil 's an am sin ann baile na orra a air tuilleadh agusli-Aitbne ! Tha treubhan am measg tuilleadh a rannsachadh a mach aInnseanach na li-aird-an-ear, a tha a' thaobh uile reulta neimh. Tha fiosdeanamb a macb gu 'm bheil diibbradhagainn nach soirbh an ni jfiosrachadhna gealaiche air a thoirt mu 'n de 'n ghne so a dheanamh soilleircuaii't le natbaii- mboir a ta a' cur agus so-thuigsinn dhoibhsan nachchar di air aghaidh ua gealaiche, agus robh air an cleaclidadh ri bhi 'gabhailtha an sagairtean a' cur an ceill doibli beachd sam bith air gluasad sholusgu 'm fuadaich iadsan na nathraicheannan speur, agus air na riaghailtibhair falbh, agus nacli dean iad leis am bheil iad air an suidheachadhcron sam bith do chreutair air an 'n an cuairtibh eugsamhla! Tlia,talamli. Mar so, tha moran de 'n gidheadh, dochas againn nach bi archinne-daonna air an dalladh le 'n dichioll chiun Ijeagan eolais a thoirtaineolas fein, agus air an truailleadh mu na cuspairibh oirdheirc so, guleis an t-saobh-chrabbadh a's iniosa. h-iomlau diomhain; ach gu 'n duisgAch anns gach duthaich Chriosdaidh, na nithe a labhradh a suas iarrtastha eolas de gach gne air a chraobhsgaoileadhagus togradh ann an inntinn mhoranam measg an t-sluaigh, clunn gliocaSj maitheas, agus cumh-agus tha gach fiosrachadh air 'fhaotuinnachd neo-chriochnuichte lehobhali,a mach mu 'n mhathair-aobhair a rannsachadh a mach ann an oilivihlio'm bheil caochlaidhean na greine a' chruthachaidh agus an fhreasdMÌl.agus na gealaiche, agus nitlie eile, a' "A Thighearna, air urram do ghloire,teachd mu 'n cuaii't ;air chor a's air urram gloire do mhorachd, agusuach aobliar eagail ni' s mo ua seallannaair t-oibribh iongantach labhradh nasin anns na speuraibh, a bha h-uile; foillsicheadh iad am measg nan'bualadh nan Cinneach o shean le sluagh do ghniomhara; agus thugadhh-uamhunn co mor!iad buidheachas duit, oir tha ThusaChriochnuich sinn a nis, a Ghaidh- maith, agus gu brath mairidh doGRAN.Mu'n CHOINNEAMH-CHOMHHAIDH a bha ANN AN DUNEIDEAN AIRSON CATHAIRGHAILIG FHAOTUINN ANNS AN ARD-OIL-THIGH.Air fonn— " The Laird o' Cockpen."Dean, a dhùthaich nan trèun, iolach èibhneis as iir,Chualas nuallan nam plob an tigh riomhach nan tùr;A's t-uaislean na 'n cèudan gu h-eudmhor 'tighinn cruinn,'Chumail suas na cainnt bhuadhar bha dual do na sninn.Chruinnich bantighearnan min-gheal na'n sioda 's na 'n srol,'S iad a' boisgeadh le sèudan, mar ròultan 's na neoilAm maise 's an àilleas 'toii-t liàrr air a chèil;'S an gaol air a' Ghàilig 'g a ghnàth chur an ceill.
;;—AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud ilhios an Fhogharaicth, 1873.O !llouaibh clliomh corn, a's gxi 'n òl mi le fonnDeoch-slàinte uau iiaislean, sliochd uaibhreach nan sonn'S air tiis cuiream fàilt' air an t-sàr bli'air an ceann,Am Morair blio ChoUasadli nan gorm-glileauu 's nam bcann.A shliochd nan leògliann trèun 'clileachd 's an teugbhail a'bhuaidli,Tha subhailcean gun àireamh a ghnàtli ort ri hiaidh'S'n uair'bhios maithean's gacli ait anns an "Ard-tliigli" le chèil,Cha bhi aon ann bheii' bàrr aii' a' Ghàidheal, Mac-Nèill.'S bha Cluainidh gii h-uaiblireach le 'shuaicheantas fèin,Ceann-feadlin' g' am bu dualach blii cuantacliail, trèun,Bha na Pearsonaicli riamh, ri am deucliainu, ro chruaidh,S' bbiodh am lirataiclieau sgaoilt' air na gaoitliean le buaidh.'S tha fuil nasal o'mhàthair ag eirigh na 'phòr;Dream nach reiceadh an fhh'inn air ni no air or;Na Camshronaich mheamnach bha ainmeil 's gach strlth,Bhiodh na 'n leòghainn 's an tuasaid, 's na 'n uain 'n am na sith.'S bha 'n Siorram Mac-Neacail am breacan bha grinn,Gaisgeach rioghail nam buadh, 'sheinneadh duanag gn Itinn;mar mhaighdinn le ciùin',Cri' fearail an t-saighdeir, 'sSuil mar lainnir nan leug bhios air eideadh mo ruin.Sealgair an daimh chràcaich 's an àrd-chreachunn ghlas,'S 'bheireadh bradan gu brnaich as an fhuar-linne chais;Bidh ceartas a's trocair 'triall comh' riut tre 'n t-saoghal,A's claon-bbreith gu bràth cha toir àrmiinn mo ghaoil.'S a stùchdannan ceòmhor, ur neòil cuiribh dliìbh,Ged b 'fhad' ann an dòlas 's am bron a bha sibh;Tha 'ghi-ian bhuidhe 'dòi-tadh a h-or air gach sliabh,'S a gathannan àigh niu gach ài'd-bheinn a' sniomh.Thngadh clàrsach nan tend nis bharr ghèiigan a' bhròin,'S cha leig sinn rithist annt' i, ri 'r n-am no le deoin.Buailidh sinn gu h-àrd i le gàirdeachas mòr,'S sinn a' cluinntinn na Gàilig bhi fas ann an treoir.A chàuain mo mhàthar, a chàuain mo ghaoil,Bidh tu fas ann an sgiamh, gus 'm bi crioch air an t-saoghal;'S ged bha thu gu tinn, gheibhear clnnteach dhuit lèigh,'S bidh tu luinneagach, blnn feadh gach linn 'thig na'r dèigh!'S trie a chuala mi dan a rinn Bard do shiol Duinn,'S e, mu mhac uiu dheireadh Adhaimh, ri taidhdearachd dhuinn,E bhi labhairt ris a' ghrèin 's iad le chèil dol gu bàs;'S ann an Gàilig is cinnt learn a dh' innseas e 'chàs !Dunèidean, Mìos Deireannach an Earraich, 1873,Maibi Nic-Eallaib.
;Ceud lIhio3 an Fh<strong>of</strong>jharaidh, 1S73. A.N GAIDHEAL. 165TUIREADH.Fhir mo chridhe^— Rinaeadh an Tuireadh seo le mnaoi a chaidh do 'utràigh a bhuain bhàii-neach as duilisg ; ach cha 'n f hiosracli mi c' àite. Dli'iadh an Ian mu 'n sgeir aii- an robh i mu 'n d' thug i an aire dlia, agus ged abha i griasad air a mnaoi -mhuinntii- cobliaii- oirre, cha d' thug i feairt oirre—bha a sùil an cuilidh a maighistir agus na 'spreidh. Ach fhuair a' bhanasgala toillteanas : dh' èirich amharus mu'n chùis ;b'èudar dh'i an diithaichfhàgail agus a ceann a thoh't fotha.Is ann bho Dhonull Mac-Iain, uasal ceanalta de mhuinntir Sliollais anUithist, a f huair mi e an oidhche roimhe.— D' fhaicinn slàn,A rr , •„ Abrach.<strong>An</strong> Tom-Duidne,La Fhèill Brèanainn, 1873.KEY F or E.iBeiitiUi' twice tu the uieiwure, slowly.TUIREADH BEAN MHIC-AXT-SHAOIR.S s:-:s |m:-:m p:-:-|s:in:s|s:-:s |A nigh'nud thall, Hug 6, <strong>An</strong> tràghad, Haom:— :si D:-:-|m:r:iiilr:-:dld:- I* Some <strong>of</strong> the lines in the following verses being a syllable shorter than the above,require the omission <strong>of</strong> the notes marked with an asterisk, in which case rests mustbe substituted.A nighean ud thall.Hug Ò,<strong>An</strong> cois na tràghad,Hao-ri, hò-rò : +Nach truagh leat f hiiin,Hiig 6,Bean ga bàthadh,Hao-ri, hò-rò?Cha truagh, cha truagh,Hug 6'S beag do chàs d'e,Hao-ri, hò-rò.Sin do chasan,Hug 6Fair do Làmh dhomh,Hao-ri, hò-rò.Fiach bheil agad.Hug Ò ;BuiUe shnàmha,Hao-ri, hò-rò.'S daor a cheaimaich,Hug 0,Mi na bàimich,Hao-ri, ho rò.<strong>An</strong>f Aitlu-is gach ceithreamh da uair.duileasg donn,Hug 6,Riim mo bhàthadh,Hao-ri, hò-rò.Mo thruaighe nochda,Hug Ò,Mo chuid phàisdean,Hao-ri, hò-rò !Fear dhiubh bliadhna,Hug Ò,'S fear a dhà dhiubh,Hao-ri, hò-rò;'S tha fear eile,Hugo,<strong>An</strong> ceann an ràidhe,Hao-ri, hò-rò.'S buidhe 'n mhnaoi òig,Hug 6,Theid am àite,Hao-ri, hò-rò :'S briagh mo sheileir,Hug Ò,Ime 's chaise,Hao-ri, hò-rò.
166 AN GAIDHEAL. Coinl llhios an l-'hogharaidh, 1873.Mo chrodh-laoigh,Hug .:.,Dol gu àiridh,Hao-ri, ho-i'!S mo chroclh-;lliig Ò,Ciil a' ghàraidli,Hao-ri, ho-iVi.Thig ant eathar,Hugo,'N seo am maireach,Hao-ri, liò-ròBidh m' athair ann,Hug Ò,'S mo thriiiir bliràithrean,Hao-ri, hò-rù ;Bidh Mac-ant-Sliaoir,Hi.g u.Air ràinb-braghad,Hao-ri, horo.Gheobh iad mise.Hug 6,<strong>An</strong> deigh mo bhàthadh,Hao-ri, hti-rò :Mo cbuailein donn,Hug o,Feadh na tràghad,Hao-ri, hù-rò.Note. —The esteemed friend to whom I am indebted for the words <strong>of</strong> the foregoingWail, explains, in his accompanying letter, the incident to which it owes its origin.It is represented as having been addressed to her servant maid upon the beach, by awoman who had gone to the shore at low water to gather shell-tish and dilse, but wascaught and surrounded on a rock by the rising tide. The cruel-hearted maid, in theexpectation <strong>of</strong> being herself in due time installed in her mistress' place, lent a deafear to her entreaties, refused to render any assistance, and allowed the haplesswoman to perish in the rising billows. The miscreant's purpose was frustrated,however ; her heartless conduct having been suspected, or having become kiio\vn, shebecame the object <strong>of</strong> such universal execration that she was obliged to remove fromthe district, in order to escape the treatment which she so richly merited.The music attached to the Wail is exc3edingly touching and simple ; and notwithstandingthat it contains none <strong>of</strong> the sad or sensitive tones <strong>of</strong> the scale—consisting asit does almost entirely <strong>of</strong> d'l, me, and .so/i—it has a most weird and desolate effect.I should like that some one <strong>of</strong> the best versifiers or translators among your contributorswould furnish a version <strong>of</strong> it for the benefit <strong>of</strong> English readers.A most interesting reminiscence connected with this Wail is, that it was sung byan Easdale man. now no more, while ferrying Her Majesty and the Prince Consortacross Loch Tay, in a barge under the command <strong>of</strong> Macdougall <strong>of</strong> Lorn, on the evermemoraldeoccasion <strong>of</strong> the Queen's visit to the late Marquis <strong>of</strong> Breadalbane at TaymouthCastle, in 1842. In chronicling the iinparalleled splendours <strong>of</strong> the princelywelcome and entertainment which she then received, the Queen herself pays atribute to the singing <strong>of</strong> the rowers. She says, in Learea from the Journal <strong>of</strong> ourLife in the Hiijldands, "The boatmen sang two Gaelic l^oat-songs, very wild andsingular ; the language so guttural and yet so s<strong>of</strong>t."—J. W.CEOLFhir mo chridhe,—Tlia na gilleaii-truisirnischo lioumhor, falbhauacb,'s nach 'eil annas agani dLut anturas seo. Mu 'n gann a dh' aithrisearsgial-ùr, gheobhar air ais As a'Ghalldachd e air na carbaid tboite 'seach, na'eige de cblòtli-dubh Cbille-Math - Chùc ; a bhuidheachas sindaibhsan, na gillean ceanalta, agusdo 'n dealan a tha nis, ach beag annsgach baile. Mm- teid mi cliromadhair " a' blialg-tliionàil," ma ta, cha'n'eil fhios agam ciod a thairgeas midhut. Na'm biodh tu làmli-riumghabhaiiin port-à-bial dliut, bho 'nNAN GAIDHEAL."Is trie a bhà sinn, fhir mo chridhe.Gun jdiiob gun f hidhill a' dannsa."Cleas ioma rud eile, tha na jjùirt a'dol air cliall. Gheobhar, gun teagamh,morau diubh an leabhraicheanciùil,agus sin gu trie fo ainm Gallda.Ach c' àite bheil na facail a tha nacamagan dubh ud a' riochdachadli 1Is culaidh-ioghnaidh nach beag gu 'nleigteadh aog fuinn agus puirt a bhaliaithin 's an daoine bho liun gu linnag èisdeachd 's ag cluith mu seach aira' chlàrsaich 's air a' phiob, gun urad's lorg am buinn f liàgail. Is ann debhuaidhean a' chiiiil, mar is math tha
—;Ceud Mhios an Fiio^haraidh, 1S73. AN GAIDHEAL. 167fios agad, an inntiiin a chiir ionann 'sthaii-is am platliainn-èibhneis. Asaogais nam facal a tha e 'rioclidachadh,clia 'n 'eil ann ge tà, acli faileas- -cha 'n 'eil an inntinn, ach mai' gu 'mb' eadh, an nial-cadail; ach cho luatli's a dli' aithrisear na 'chois na briathran,mosglaidh i Jis a ceal, tliig i g'a h-ionnsaidh fliein, ag-us, na'gealfhaireachadh,blaisidh i gu riochdailair cujjan milis a h-àidb.Is fior-thaitneach an nid an ceol.Agus CO a b' fhèarr a thuig sin na arsinnsirean. Eadar a bhreith 's abhàs, clia robh rud ris an culfeadhan seann-Ghàidlieal a làmh, aig a'bhaile no bhuaithe, ag cuallach naspreidhe no ag àiteach an fbuinn,nach robh fonn no port freagarrachaige mu 'choinneamh. Ma 's ann agaltrum an naoidhein mhaoth 's anuchd, nach robh an Tidadh miiirueachaig a' bhanaltruini , a chur geana's cadail air. <strong>An</strong>ns a' bhuailidli a'bleoghan na sprèidlie, nach cluiiinteadh" G-aol-ant-aghan" air bik-augach banaraich.Aig a' bhrathaiun,no cur àird air calanas, am biodhbean gun a Crònan fhèin. Lathabreithan oighre, nach rachadh a'Phiob ath-ghlèusadh a chluitli cuairteair an Fhàilfe chridheil, chùirteil anlàthair an fhlath. Ma 's ann agcriiinneachadh nan daoine, nach robhan Co-tìùonal ga chur suas—cuimhneachanair buaidh-lài'aich, no madh'fhaoite, air èucoir a rinneadhuair-eigin air a' chinneadh. Ma 'sann air astar mara no tire, a chumailan corach riutha, no thoirt a machna h-aichmhealach, nach robh anlorram no 'n Spaidsearachd ann abheothachadh neart agus speirid nanalt lùthmhor. Ma 's ann ri uchd annàmhaid, nach robh am Brosnachadhcaithreamach, sùrdail ann, a dhiisgadhcuimhne air cruadal nan daoinefhuadach smuairein 's a dh-altrumckirdeis. Agus an uair bu bhàs do 'ntriath, nach robh an Cuinha tiamhaidhga chur suas— a' bmchdadh àgi'ùnnd a' chridhe — gach beag a's mor,scan a's òg ag caoidh a chiiil-thaice.<strong>An</strong> uair a chluinneas an Gàidheal,'s e air aineol, ceol na pioba, ciod atha toirt air a chridhe eirigh ris?<strong>An</strong> e binnead a' chiùil Is gann gur'ìh-è, bìnn, leadarra 's mar a tha e, achgu'ni beil e dùsgadh suas dha seannchuimhneachain aii* an am a bha ean tir nam beann's nan gaisgeach.Tha 'chridhe a' blàthachadh ris a' cheolagus le h-ath-ghuth ga fhreagi'adh :"'S e siod am fonn a chuala mi<strong>An</strong> uair a bha mi òg."Tha " <strong>An</strong> uair a bha e og " ga h-ùrachadhna chuimhne. Chi e, margu 'm b' ann an sgàthan, Tìr-nambeann.Chi e iomhaigh a leannain dh'an do gheall e bhi tuiris— a phiutharchridhenach do thuig e riamh a gaolda—a bhràithi'ean—a chompanaicha dhilsean,'s a chàirdean—an fhàrdach's an do rugadh e— gach bèinn, a'sgleann, a's coire, a's coille, 's ionad ab' aithiie dha, 's gach ni a bha annta—chl e sin idle 's athair, 's e 'n dviilgu 'm beil e faireachadh anail bhliitha mhàthar 's i ga thàladh gu beadarrach,miiirneach na h-uchd mar a b'àbhaist ! Creid mi, fhir mo chridhe, isculaidh e g'a chumail bho dhroch-stil.Cha 'n 'eil fèum 's an iomchoireach nach saoileadh tu gu 'm bu choirant sheinn a theagasg do 'n òigridhanns gach sgoil 's a' Ghàidhealtachd 'ÌNach tog thu do ghuth na h-aobhar?Cha 'n 'eil teagamh agam nach toirearfeairt ort. Tha fhios agam gu 'mbeil daoine coire air feadh na diithchaa bheir a chreidsinn air sluagh baoghaltanach 'eil 's na ])xiii-t ach faoineis,rudan air bheag bhrigh, 's gur coirbho'n d'thàinig iad. <strong>An</strong> tigh na an grad-leigeadh aii- diochuimhne.fèille, nach robh na puirt ruithleumach,mhireagach dhannsa ann, a dh-shousa dheth, cha lèur dhomh coireFaodaidh iad a bhi ceart; ach air mouo
;!—!168 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud Afliios au Fhogharaidh, 1873.dolaidh sa bith annta, ma gliabliar lecuiblieas diubh, agus sin na 'n amfhèin.Dh' fliaoiteadh cùuntas gnu àii-imha cliur fhatliast cruiun de na jjuirt,na 'n raclitcadh seulta mu 'n cuairtde 'n chilis. Tlia morau an comasnan " Comuun," na 'in biodh an toil's an diiraclid aca ; agus gun dol fadablio 'n tigb, tba bean choir 's a' bhailesec, 's na'n rachadh i ceart air ghleus,chuireadh a's chumadh i " gun phiobgun fhidhill" "a'chl6ir fhein, gesiauta 'n còta," air an ùrlar bho Luaingu Sathurna. Gun tuilleadh cagnaidhma ta, cliuir mi f bin am onrachdcorr a's ceithii" fichead diubh cruinn's cha 'n ob mi an toirt seachad anasgaidh do dhuine sa l)ith a shaoileasmi a ni deadh fhèum dhiubh.Bheir mi nise, le d' chead, cuairtdhut :—Ba-h6, mo leanabhBa-hò, ba-hò ;Ba-hò, ino leanabh,Ba-ho, ba-hò;Bà, lii-rì, hiU-ù, hill-arum,Gu 'n till iad fallain,Na dh' f balbh air sail'.Ba-ho, &c.Gur h-ioma cruaidh-fhortanTha 'n lorg nam màth'r;'S gu 'm beil mo chuid-saA nochd na m' làimh :<strong>An</strong> àite lihi mùirneach,Siumtach, aighearach,'S ami tha mi na m' laidheFo phràmh, fo phràmh.Ba-ho, &c.LUINNEAO.IÙ hoileagan, iù,Ho, m' aghan;lù Intileagan, iù,Hò, m' aghan;IÙ hoileagan, iù,H6, m' aghan;Mo chrodh-laoigh a's aighean.Air gach taobh de 'n abhainn.M' f hèudail de 'n chrodh,Gur h-i'Ghuaill-fhionn;Cha b' i 'Choanf hionn,BÒ bu shuaraich'.Beannachd banaraicliA's buachaiir.Cha bhiodh tu duilichA chuallach.IÙ, &c.Is matli a 1)'Dhomh aithnedo mhàthair,Nigheau GlasaigOgha Blàraig.Is til a liouadh<strong>An</strong> stop càirt domh,'S cha bhiodh airMo mhuirnein fàilliun.Ill, &c.DANNSA a' CHLAIDHIMH.Gille-Callum, da pheighuin,Gille-Callum, bonn-a-aia.Gille-Callum, da pheighinn,Gille-Callum, bonn-asia.Gheobhainn bean air da pheighinn,Gheobhaimi bean air da pheighinn,Gheobhainn bean air da pheighinn,'S tagha 's rogha air bonn-a-siaRug an luchag uan boirionn,Thug i dhachaidh cual chonnaidh,Mias mhine, cliabh salainn,Gille-Callum, bonn-a-sia ! &c., &c.RUIDHLEADH NA COILIOH-DHUBHA.Ruidhleadh na coilich-dhubha,'S dhannsadh na tunnagan.Ruidhleadh na coilich-dhubha,'S dhannsadh na tunnagan,Ruidhleadh na coilich dhubha.Air an tulaich làmh ruinn.Air an tulaich againn f hin.Air an tulaich urad ud.Air an tulaich agaimi fhin,Air au tulaich làmh ruiim.0, ruidhleadh, &c.Tlia cuimhne agad air an f hear sec;ach tha eagal orm nach 'eil e agamceart, 's cha 'n 'eil am piobaire aig autigh an diugh gu m' sheòladh.CUMHA MHIC A AR0I3.No Cumha Mhic-an-Toisich.Ceud nan creach,Leag iad thuOch nan och,Leag iad thuCeud nan creach,Leag iad thu'M bealach a' ghàraidh !Ceud nan, &c,
!Ceud JSIhios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 169Leag ant each ceanf hionn tliu,Leag ant each ceanf hioiiii thu,Leag ant eacli ceanf hionn thu,'M bealach a' ghàraidh !Leag ant each, &c.Am f ion bha gu d' bhainis.Am f ion bha gu d' bhainis,Am fion bha gu d' bhainis,Am fion bha gu d' bhainis,Gu 'u d' oladh air d' f hairii-' eDheagh mhic a Arois.Ceud nan creach, &c.Ach is èudar sgur.Mu 'n d' thuirtam fear nach maireann e, " Dh'fhaoiteadii leabhar gàbhaidh asgTÌbheadh mu 'n chuis seo ua 'mbiodh duiiie ami aig am biodh làneòlas,pailteas ùine, agus na bu leoii'de dh-airgiod gus a cliur a macli anasgaidh "— D'!fhaicinn slàn,<strong>An</strong> Tom-buidhe,La Mhartainn-bhuilg, 1873.Abrach.DiocHUi5iHNE.—Bu cliòir dhomhant sliambuilt a leanas a thoirt dhutroimhe seo. Cba 'n 'eil innte ach antshlige, 's cha 'n 'eil ùine agam airfinid a cliur oirre. Tlia mi 'n dùilnach iiiig mi leas a mlneachadhdhut; agus ma shaoileas tu gu'm bii na h-impidh air seann-nos a'Bhràghad a chumail na d' chuimhne,faodaidh tu diol na codach eile dheanamhrithe. A.FLATH.*Suntt^tantas.Da ite-firein.^mtlj an @ig^«.Fàilte.'Inb^eacljb agus iogail-^feaohu.Co-thional.(Turas,Spaidsearachd-Chàirdeis . . . " Gillean an fheilidh."Spaidsearachd-Dhùlain . . . " <strong>An</strong> rathad mor."^lar.Brosnachadh-Catha.^amtsa.Dannsa a' CUaidhimh . . . *' Gille-Callum."Na Tulaichean.Dannsa-cruinn.|iosab^..... " Car son a bhimid muladach?"A' dol do'n eaglaisA' tilleadh dhachaidh . . . . " Mo thruaighe mi thug dhachaidh thn.Fear-na-bainnse air an ùrlar . " Bog an lochain."A'dolahiidhe"Thig a laidhe laochain."A'sgaoileadh" Robag an spuinnsich."§ns.A' togail a' ghiiilain " Cha till mi tuille."Ga chàramh 's an uaigh ..." Cumha-na-peathar."Or, The Brserian Ceremonial,
170 AN GAIDHEAL• Ceml Mhios an Fliogharaidh, 1878.COMHRADH.EADAR MURACHADH BAN AGUSCOINNEACH CIOBAIR.MURACHADH.—Failtena inaicliiedliuit, a Choiniiich; is solas g-uii duilris,thusa f haicinn, agus tachairt oii's au aite aouai'aiiacli so cho trath 'sau latha. Deaiiamaid siiidhe fo sgailena creige so, agus clniuueamaidnaigheaclidau aoiu a clieile, o'nchomblaicb siiiu ciiideachd roiiuhe.Tha mi'u doclias gu'ii d'fhag thuSeonaid agus an teaghlach air fadslan, fallain, agus gu 'm bheil ancrodh agus na caoraicli a'cinutinu,agus gach cuis mar bu mbaitb leat.Deau suidbe, a Cboinnich, agus gabbdeannag d' an t-snaoisean as anadbaiic dbuibb, agus dninneam dosgeubCoiNNEACE.—Ma ta, a Mburacbaidb,cba'n'eil briatbran agam, cbuma cbur an ceill cia cbo toilicbte 's atba mi do cbomblacbadb an diugb,oir cba di-cbuimbnicb mi am fad 'sber) mi, am fiosracbadb a thng tbudbomb a tbaobb iomadb ni air aurobb mi aiiieolacb, an uair a cbomblaicbsinn roimbe 's a' Gbleann-Mbor,—tba cnimbne agad. Tba deagbfbios agad-sa, a Miiuracbaidb, gu'mbbeil mo dbacbaidb-sa ann an cearnro ioniallach, — deaUiicbte aireambmor mbiltean o gacb tuineacbas eile;agus air an aobbar sin, gu'm feud ansaogbal dol bun os ceaun gun fbiosgun aire dbomb-sa, agus atbarraicbeanmoi'a'teacbd mu'n cuairt, mu.'nduinn mi lide dbetli. Adi a nis, aMburacbaidb cboir, tba sin nile, triddo diaoimbneis-sa, air atbarracbadbgu tnr, oir stiuir tbu an Gaidhealui'ramadi am ionnsaidb, agns, mubamli-sa. nacb bi Coinneacb Ciobairagus a tbeagblacb tuille ann auaiueolas air cuisibb an t-saogbail,agus air uile naigbeacbdaibb nariogbacbd.MUR.—Tlia mi ro tboiUcbte, aisCboinnidi, gu'n d'fbuairan Gaidheala macb tbu, agus gu 'm bbeil eair gacb seol taitneacb dbuit. Bbadeagb fbios agam-sa gur ami marsill a bbiodli a' cbuis, agus tba deagbfbios again, mar an ceudua, gur dall,aiiieolacb, amaideacb, agus caoiusbuaracbmuinntir ar du'cba gu leir,an uair nacb toir gacb tigb agus teagblacbaoidbeacbd-cridbe do'n Ghaedh-EAL, agus au uaii- nacb ceadaicb iaddba an suilean f bosgiadb clumi gu'mfaic agus gu 'm fiosraicb iad uilecbuisean an t-saogbail mu 'u cuairtdoibb. Acb cba 'n e sin a mbain, aCboinnicb, na rinneadb o dieanngboirid cbum do mbaitbe, ma's maitbleat e ; oir db' eiricb suas bratbairdo 'n Ghaidheal ann am baileInbbirnis, air an d' tbugadb mar ainman t-Ard-Albaniiach, agus g'ed nacb'eile acb gleog, is diulnacb sgairteil,tapaidb, deas-bhriatbracb e, a ta roairidb, mar an ceudna, air aoidbeacbdagus deagb-gbean fbaotuinn amisgacb aite.Coin.—Gle cbeart, gle cbeart, aMburacbaidb, b' f bearr leam dealacbadbriletb mo cbodacb, agus mo loin,na dealacbadb ris a' GllAlDHEALtuille— b' fbearr gun teagamb, oirtba e caombail, cairdeil, coir! Tba'bbriatbra-sancoso-tbuigsinn, a sgeulaCO taitneacb, agus a cbombradb guleir CO lau fiosracbaidb agus eolais,'s gu'm bu chall gun cbiall dealacbadbris. Mile taiiig dbuit do bbrigbgu'n do cbuirtbu amcbaraibb e. Acb,a Mburacaidb, ciod a tbuirt tbu mu 'nArd-Albannach., bratbair a' s oige modbeagb-cbaraid ? Am bbeil Gaidbligaige—am bbeil e daimbeil, cinneadail,cairdeil, agus airidb air'aium fein?Ma tba, ann an ainm an aigb, stiuira'm ionnsaidb e mar a rinu tbu abbratbair coir, agus bitbidb mise glefbada'u ad cbomain.MuR.—Am cbomaiu-sa, a Cboinnicb,'s e do bbeatba, da-rireadb.Cuiridb mise an t-Ard-Albannach 'n
—';!C'eud Mhios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 171ad ioniisaidh gun dail, agus clii tliule d' shuilean, agus cluinnidh tu le d'eliluasan, gu 'in })heil Gaidhlig aige,agus Beurla ciiideachd, agus gu'ml)heil e daimheil, cinneadail, cairdeil,agus airidh air 'ainm fein. Clii thugur ditliis oganacli iad do nachfaighear sanihladli air gach cnoc,agus a tha gun choimeas dian 'u andurachd, agus 'n an dealasachd, chummaith a dheanamh d'au luchd-duthcliafein. Peumaidli sinu, a Choinnich,a' h-uile dichioU a dheanamh air gacheolas fhaotuiun a reir ar couiais reua h-uine ghearracheadaichearduiuu,'s an t-saoghal so ; agus chum nachriche so, deanamaid gach greim'n ar comas orra-san a ta ullamh agusealamh chum an t-eolas sin a chraobhsgaoileadh'n ar measg.Coin.—Cha 'u 'eil ar n-uine fadagun teagamh, ach is solasach an ninach ruig sinn leas a bhi gu tur aineolachair cuisibli an t-saoghail mu'ncuairt duinn, ma tha deigh sam bithagainn air eolas f haotuiim.MUR.—Ma ta, cha ruig, a Choinnich,agus na 'm faiceamaid e, islionmhor maighstir-sgoile tha againnchum ar teagasg, na'n tugamaid geilldoibh. Tha eunlaith an adhar'g arteagasg, oir tha eolas aca-san air angiuasad fein. Tha e air innseadhdhuinn ann am Focal na firiim, gur"aithue do'n chorra-bhain anns anadhar a h-am fein, agus is aithne do'ncholmnan, agus do'n chorra-nihouaidh,agus do'n ghobhlan-ghaoitheam an teachd ; ach cha 'n aithnedo m' shluagh-sa," deir Dia, " breitheanasan Tighearna." Tha'n seangaubeag a' sparradh dichill agus gliocaisoirnn, agus tha 'n seillean a' deanamhan ni ceudna, na'n tugamaid geilldoibh. Is anabarrach beag da-rireadhna maighstirean-sgoile iad so, ach isdileas, treibhdhireach, ciunteach iad.Is dian a tha iad ag earaileachadh anaghaidh na leisge; agus tha fiosagad mar thubhairt an duine glic :' Eirich a lundaire gu grad,'S thoir ort an seangan beag gun stad ;Oir ged nach d' f huair e riamh fear iùil,No neach 'g a ghreasadh air a chùl ;Fa chomhair geamhraidh ni' e deas,A' cuinihneachadh gun tamh a leas'S an t-samhradh trusaidh e a Ion,'S an f lioghar, iomlan tha a stor."Coin.—Ochan! a Mhurachaidh,cha 'n 'eil teagamh agam nach deanadhtu searmoin ceart co maith riMaighstir Uisdean, ar deagh mhinisteirfein, na'n gabhadh tu 'n adcheann e; ach tha mi ciunteach à so,na 'n rachadh tu suas do'n chrannaigagiis na'n toisicheadh tu, an sin, airsearmonachadh gu'm biodh barrachd'g ad eisdeachd na dh' eisdeas riMaighstir Uisdean coir, ged is comharraiclite,ainmeil am fear-teagaisg eMUR.— 0, a Choinnich, a Choinnich,mise a' deanamh searmoin!B'olc a thigeadh e orm, agus bu donamo ghnothuch ris. Is leoir dhoibhsansin a dheanamh a chuireadh airleth ail' a shoii, agus is leoir dhomhsaa bhi am f hear-eisdeachd, na 'mbiodh run agus toil agam gliocas anochdadh le bhi 'g eisdeachd mar buchoir dhomh a dheanamh. Ach mara thubhairt mi cheana, shonraicham Fi'easdal a tha os ar ceann lionmhorachdluchd-teagaisg dhuinn ammeasg nan ainmhidh na'n tugamaidgeill doibh. Nach fhac thu mar ainhinich an Gaidheal so gu soilleirdhuit an la roimhe, agus mar a thuge air an aghaidh eiseimpleirean sothuigsinnchum a dhearbhadh?"Coin.—Ud! Ud! chuunaic mi siua Mhurachaidh ; labhair e air cleachdannaibhnan ainmhidh mar shamhladhdhuinne'u ar giulan fein, agusb' aluiun, taitneach a bhriathra.MUR,—Nach solasach, ma ta, aChoinnich. a bhi 'beachd-sniuaiiieachadhair na nithibh sin a thugadh cosoillear f ar comhair ; agus tha deaghchiiimhn' agam fein, an uair a bha miam bhalachan, air moran a chualami am measg nan seann daoinne 's a'
;172 AN GAIDHEAL. Cend MTiios an FhoKliaraidh , 1873.Gliaiclhealtachd air cleachdannaibhnan aiiiiahidli mar chomharan air anainisir.Coin.—Is mise a cliual agns achnunaic sin, agus a ghabh heachdsonraichte air, 'n am thurasaibh ammeasg- nam gleann agus nan garbhchrioch.MUR.—Cha 'n 'eil teagamh sambitii nach 'eil cleaclidanna nan ainmhidh'n an combaraibh neo-mhearachdachair a' ghne aimsir a ta riteachd, mar a tha deagh f liios agadsa,a Choinnich, agus tha duil agamgu'm feuch sinn a nis co am fearagainn a's fearr cnimhne air nacleachdannail^h sinn air an do gliablimuinntir beachd chum na criche so.Coin.—Tha mi ro thoileach ma ta,agus bithidh stop anns a' cheiid tighosda'santachair sinn air an fheard' an dithis againn a dhiobaireas antoiseach, agus a dh' f ailnicheas annan eiseimpleiribh a thoirt seachad.So ma ta a Mhurachaidh, thig airt-aghaidh—buaileam ort! <strong>An</strong> cual'thu riamh an uair a chithear nah-ialtagan na 's lionmhoire na b' abhaistdoibh, agus ag itealaich 'n ancuairtibh re uine na's f haide na bughnath leo, gu 'm feudar a bhi cinnteachgu'm bi an ath latha teth,grianacli, ciuinl Agus air an hximheile, ma cliithear iad a' gabhail fasgaidliaim an tuill, agus an cuiltibli,agiis an cosaibh nan creag, agns machluÌMuear iad ag eigheach agus a'gearan, tha e cinnteach gu'm bi anath latha gu trom a' sileadh, agus roaiiradhach, flinch.MuR.—I)ireach,ceart, a Choinnich,air leani gu'n cuala mi mo sheanmhathairag aithris nan nithe sin mua' bhaistidh, oir is minic a ghal)h mifein beachd air, agus a rinn mi solasri sgread neo-bhinn na comhacliaig.Ach stad ort, a gliille mo chridhe, anctual' thusa, an uair a bhios na fithicha' rocail gii cruaidh, agus ag itealaich'm an grad-chuairtibh am measg acheile, gur cinnteach e gu 'm bheiltoiseach aig deagh aimsir?MuR.—Cha 'n 'eil ro bheachd agamair sin a chluinntinn, a Choinnich,ach gabh thusa beachd air so,— gure do ghliocas a bhi'deanamh deasair son uisge agus doininn an uair achithear na tunnagan agus na geoidhro luaineach agus mi-f hoisneach,agus a' sior dhol fodha 's an uisge,agus a' grad eirigh a ris.Coin.—Is deagh fhaidhean nah-eoin-uisge aii- fad a thaobh so, agusislionmlior na rabhaidhean a tha iada' toirt seachad mu 'thimchioll ; achcreid thusa mise, a Mhurachaidh,gu'm bheil an t-uisge am fagus, anuair nach dean na seilleanan achttu-as goirid o na scip re an lathaagus tha an ni ceudua cinnteach anuair a thig iad 'n am mor-sgaothaibhchum nan sgeap m'an crom an t-anmoch,agns gun aca ach luchdanbeaga, eutrom.MUR.— -Thamor-ghliocas,gunteagamhidir aig an t-seillean ged isbeag e, agus is dan, dall an ti achuireas an suarachas e air a lughad;agus tha na columain a' nochdadh anni cheudna. Ma philleas iad gu h-anmoch a dh-ioiuisaidli an dachaidhfein, tha e ciimteach gu'm bi an athla flinch, gaothar, agus ro anradhach.Coin.—Ma tha na nithe sin uilefior, a Mhurachaidh, cha ruig neachsam I)ith leas a bhi aineolach la 's a'bhliadhna, air gach trath agus aimsir,oir tha na faidhean beag, iteagachsin, a tha 'cur gach ni an ceill roirahlaimh, gle liomnhor agus gle f hagusna li-ialtagaibh ; ach an cual' thusa,an uair a chluinnear a' chomhachag,no 'chailleach-oidhche, mar a their iadrithe, ag eigheach ann an droch aimsirgn'n tig deagh aimsir gun dail? duinn.Coin.—Tha sin co ceart ris an MuR.—Air doshocair, a Choinnich,f hirinn, agus co cinnteach ri airgiod agus creid thusa mise, cha 'n 'eil iad
ithaCeud Mhios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 173CO liounihor agus co fagus 's a thathii 's a' bharail. A nis, a charaid,iunis domh am fac thu ialtag riamh?Am fac thu cailleacli-oidhche riamli?Acii CO dhuibh a chunnaic no nachfhaca, tha e cinnteach nach fhaicthu na seilleanan na h-ialtaganna cailleachau-oidhche, na fithich,na gealbhonna, agus gach euu eile aiiaudo ghabhadh beachd, gach uairah- am bu nihiaun leat eolas f haotuiunair an ahnsir ri teachd.Coin.—Tha fios agam nach fhaic,ach an deigh sin is inngantach annadur a thug an Cruithear do na h-aimhidhibh sin trid am bheil iad,gnu fhios gun aire dhoibh fein, a'deauamh uithe a tha co anabarrachmiorbhuileach ann an suilibh dhaoine.Tha 'n Gaidheal a' labhairt gu soilieirmn'n ghride, no mu'n chiall-ghnea ta air a shnidheachadh aims gachaiumhidh fa leth, leis an deauar nitheeug-samhla mar gu'm biodh iad airan stiuireadh le reuson agus tuigse.MuPi.—Ro cheart, a Choinnich, rocheart ; tha deich mile eiseimpleiragaiun air so, agus tha aireamh mhorleabhraicheau againn air au sg-riobhadhmu thimchioU nan nithe so, agusna leabhraicheau sin ro thaitneach,gun teagamh, dhoibhsan uileaig am bheil gu leoir dhe 'n Bheurlachum an — tuigsiun.Com. 'S eadh, 's eadh, a Mhurachaidh,cha ruig thu leas labhaiitriumsa mu ua leabhraichibh Beurlasin, agus deagh fhios agad fein nach'eil hde dlie'n chainnt choiugheallaich,thais sin na m' cheann. 'S i a'Ghaidhligmo chauain-sa, a' Ghaidhligchomharraichte chumhachdach, aguschruaidh—a' Ghaidhlig sin a shruthasgu biiju, blasda o bhilibh, agus ochridhe nan treun-ghaisgeach a dh'tha iad gle f hior.araicheadh ann an garbhlaichibh artire fein! Leabraichean Beurla, maseadh ! Ochan ! Ochan ! cha b' iad moGhaidheal cuimir, ceanalta fein,aig am bheil lioumhorachd sgeul.leis am bheil an cridhe air a theagasg,agus air a thiomachadh. Ach, aMhurachaidh, am bheil thu aii- ruitha mach a thaobh nam faidh iteagach,agus ceithir-chosach agad, no amfeud dull a bhi againn gu'u cluinnsinn tuilleadh mu na cleachdannaibhaca a thaobh na h-aimsire?MuE.—Tuilleadh! Au e sin a thathu'g radh, a Choinnich.^ Tha, fhirmo cridhe, tha agam-sa mu'n timchioUna chumadh sinn a' conihradhra'cheile re shealaithean naseachdain,agus tuilleadh,—tha gun teagamh.Coin.—Thoir duiuu beagan tuilleadhdheth a nis, ma ta, oir is taitneachleam a chluiantinn.MuR.—Gheibh thu sinn, a Choinnichgus am bi thu sgith. Am facthu riamh au cat 'n a shuidhe gustolda air lie au teinnteiu, a' gabhailorain, agus gu diau a' nigheadh agusa' suathadh 'eudainn le 'smoig fein?Ma chunnaic no ma chi, dean deasair son anulsge, oir cha 'n fliada gusan sil e gu frasach. Dean an niceudua gach uair a chi thu na gealbhuiima'cruinneachadh 'n an sgaothaibhcuideachd, agus a chluinneas tuiad a' bideil gun sgur, gun f hois.Coin.— Direach ceart, a Mhurachaidh,ach an cual' thusa riamh gu'mbheil an t-uisge am fagus an uair achithear na cearcan 'g an aornag-ainfein amis an duslach, 'g a chladhachadhgu domhain, agus a ris 'g a sgapadha niach? Seadh, tuilleadh, tliaainisir fhliuch cinnteach an uair aghoireas na coilich aig uair mhinadurra's an oidhche,MuK.—Dean socair, a Choinnich,dean socair— so, gabh deannag as anadhairc dhuibh, Gu cinnteach isiongantach na uithe sin uile, agusIs miiiic a chualasinn gur comhar neo-ndiearaclidachair droch aimsir a bhi 'faiciim nangobhlanna - gaoithe a' sgiapadh guluath seachad air uachdar an uisge,no na talnihainn : ach ma dh' eireas
174 AN GATDHEAL. ceua mwos an fiiad gu h-ard anus iia si)eui'aibb, feudaidhduil a blii agaiiiii gu'm faighsiiin gnu dail nair tliioram, le niortheas.Coin. —Tha mi'toirt geill dlia sin,a Mhuracliaidh, agus mar an cendna,do'n chleachdadh sin aig na cnileagaibh,leis au lot iad gii searbli annair a bhios aimsir anradhacli a'teachd am fagiis. Air an laimh eile,ma chithear na meanbli-clmileagan a'crninneachadli 'n am raeallaibh aigd(jl fodba na greine, agns a' deanamhcluiairtean am measg a clieile amfocliair na talmhainn, bithidh nalaithean a leanas tetli agus tioram. tuilleadh mu spenradaireacbd nan aiumhidhagns nan euu. 'S 'e BunMuR.—Stad, stad, a' Choiuuich,Ijiodh nair mu'n seach againn chum Lochabur fein an diulnacb a tha gunnan nithe so a tlioirt aii- an aghaidb. choimeas, foghainteach chum anTba e cinnteach, ma ta, gu 'm bi an gnotluicb so a rannsachadh a machaimsir fiadbaicb, salach, fliucb, ma o 'bhuu gu 'bharr, agus cha b' iadbbios na losgaunan a' ruchdail gun Murachadh Ban agus Coinneachlasacbadb, agus a teachd gu lionmhora mach's au f beasgair as na bha 'u dichioll a riun sinne, o'nCiobair ! Ach au deigh sin uile,shuidbtnill aca.Coin,—Tha 'n ni ceudna ciunteachma nocbdas na daolagau iad fein airbharr na talmhainn, a' snagadh gunfhoia a null 's a nail; agus ma chithearan t-seilcheag agus am fanih gudian a' strith, an t-aon 'g a thoirt feinas gu mall, mar a dh' f heudas e, agusan t-aon eile a' togail a' chuid tolmleis gacli dicbic >ll 'n a cliomas. Seadh,tuilleadh — tha 'n t-uisge diuth airlaimh ma bhios an crodh agus nacearcan a' crninneachadh a stigh i-'acheile, agus a' seasamh gu mairnealach'san aon ionad.MuR.—Tha mi 'cluinntinn agiis a'tuigsinn sin uile, a Cboinnich, ach ancual' thusa ma bhios an spreidh agusan fheudail ag ionaltradh air naraointibb, agus ma bhios iad a' spionadhan f heoir le ciocras na's mo na b'abhaist doibh, gu'n tuit an t-uisge 'na thniltibh gun dail?Coin.—Tha mi an duil, a Mhur-lucbd-dutbcba.achaidh, gu'n d'thug sinn le cheilena's leoir air aghaidli an diugh muchieacbdannaibh nan aiumhidh sina tlia 'faotniim creideis gu bhi 'n anspenradairibh ro cliinnteach. A reircoslais tba iad toilltinneach air a'chliu sin f baotuinn air am bheil iadCO airidb,agus cba'n'eil deoin agadsano agam-sa air a cbumail uatha.MuR.—Cba'n'eil idir, ach au aitesill, bu ro mhath leinn gu'n cuireadhan t-Albannacb sin, seadh, an t-Ard-Alhannach ioumhuimi siu ann an Inbhiruis,agus an Gaidheal ceanaltaagad fein, a Cboinnich, an lamhantrenna fein ris a' gnotbuch so, agnsgu'n tugadb iad air aghaidb moraiisiini am fasgadh na creige so, cbnmgacb ni a cbuinibneacbadh, gle tbaitneachdhuiiui fein. Bheir sinn laeile air fatbast, a Cboinnich, machaomhnar sinn gu comblachadh r'acheile ; agus ma theid an gnotbuchleinn, bheir sinn tuilleadh air aghaidbchum ar speuradaireau beaga a leigeadliris, agus chum an creideas atbngadh dhoibb le muinntir ar duchaa deanamh aithnicbte. Eirich, aBhvn Lochabair threin, duisg, eirich,agus thoir an t-sreang dbeth beul a'bluiilg, agus bras-brncbdaidh a mach,am measg a' cheile, gacb seun agussean-fbocal, gacb dubh-cbeist agustoimbseacban, gacb fiosacbd agusfaisneaclid, agus gacb gnath, cleasagus cleacbdadh a bbuineas do'nGbaidbealtaclid.Coin.—Mo mbile beannacbd orrasanuile a tba 'craobb-sgaoileadheolais dbeth gacb gne am measg arMile beannacbtl gurolib air ua fir dbeas-bhriatbrach siufi 1lia cuideacbadh leis a' Ghaidheal,
!;;;;;?Oeud JIhios an Fhogharaiclli, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 175Icis an Ard-Alhannacli, agns leis gachcuraidh eile aig am blieile fior-leasshliochd nam beann 'n an cridbe.Mile beannacbd g\\ robh ori'a gu leira bbos a's tballMuR.—Is math a thubhairt thu, aChoinnich, ach is mithich dhuinn, anis, a bhi 'cxu* cenm aun, oir tha 'nt-sliglie fada, agns bitliidh an oidhcbedorch. Slau leat, fhir mo chi'idhe,slan leat, agus gu'm Iju math a cbithsiim a cheile a ris.Alasdair Ruadii.UILLEAM MAC-DHUN-LEIBHE, AM BARD ILEACH.Gheall sinn o am gn am eai'i-annande bhardacbd Uilleim Mbic-Dbnnleibhea tboirt seachad anns a'Ghaidheal.Cbaidb iomradb a tboirt air cliuUilleim mar bbard an iiair a tbugsinn cnnntas gearr air eachdraidh abheatba, a's clia 'n 'eil femn air ni aradb a nis nui 'n cbuis. Ach feumaidbsinn, a radb gu 'n robb aon ni acbuir an da cbuid iogbnadb agusduilicbnin oirnn iomadb uair a thaobbbardacbd Uilleim, agus b' e sin, cbobeag luaidb 's a rinu e 'n a obair, aigam air bitb, air firinnean a' cbreidhnbCbriosdaidb. Is gami a db' aitbnicbeadhaon a leugbas an obair aige,gu 'm bbeil a' leitbid de ni ris a'cbreideamh Cbriosdaidb anns andntbaicb. Bba so a' srutbadb o 'naobhar so—gu 'n robb Uilleam dogbnatb, ann an smuain, ag àiteacbadbnan linntean fada-tball ud anns anrobb curraidbean do-cbiosnaichte naFeinue a' catbacbadb ri feacbdanLocblainn, a's anns an robb Oiseana' gleusadb a cblarsaicb ann antalla Shelma a' chiuil. Is mor ambeud gu 'n robb a' cbuis gu buileacbmar so, oir, trid so bbacuspair a dh' fbaodadh eadboniuutinn an umaidb a dbusgadb guceol, agus a tha 'toirt air na b-ainffleanfein an clarsaicbean a bhualadh ledealas dubailte, air a sbeacbnadb gub-iomlan le ceolraidb a' Bbaird Ilicb.Tha so gu sonruicbte air fbaicinuaims an rann a leanas, oir ma bbadan idir ann far am biodh suil gu 'udeanteadh iomradb air a'chuspair sin,b'ann ann am Marbbrann Criosdaidb;agus da-rireadh bbuineadh an t-ainmsin dhasan a tha air a mholadb annsna h-earrannan so, oir cha 'n 'eil iadach tearc a dh' fbaoilsich ann andoigh cbo soilleir, ann am beatba'sann am bas, spiorad seirceil, siocbail,ciuin an t-soisgeil, ris-san a mbeasam Bard airidh air a' cbarragb-cbuimbneachainso. R. I.EANN MARBH-THAISG DHONNACUAIDHMHIC-BHLAIR,Tuatiianacli ann an He, a chaochail, MiosMcadhonach an Earrakli, 1S67.UUTH.<strong>An</strong> cluinn thu' tearnadh o cliiioc na faire,Fuaim nan cas-cheum tiambaidh trom,'S an ceol tursach ag aomadh,"Cha till mi tnille" gu saoghal nam beoTha 'n caomhan Criosdail,Gu h-iosal gun chlaisteachd gun iul,Air muthadli o bheatha gu bas.FREAGEADH.Ged a dhearrsas grian air corsan cian nanspeur'S ged a ruitheas dealanach nam bioragdearg,A' sgoltadh rathad a thoirm 'n a dheighGed a thogadh crith-thalmhainn,ghrund an domhain, le freoth-theine,Beanntan Albainn as ur,'S an sughadh a rithisd 'n an comhnardGed a sheideadh ceithir ghaothan nacruimie,A'togail, 'n a h-aon bhuinne colgach,<strong>An</strong>fhairgemhotharachguh-iomallameud;Ged a thilgte, 'n am pronnach mean,Creagan ailbhinn nam beann<strong>An</strong> slugadh farsuing a' chuainGed a sgoilteadh an talamh,Ou iasga nan uisgean moraFalaicht' an diomhaireachd a' chuainGed a rachadh caraig Dun-an-Righ'N a gaineamh mhin an Loch-eiteGed a dh' eireadli armailt nam lineachan,'S an leoghann dearg, buadhach,Le sniachd rioghail na h-AIba,
;;;;—;176 AN GA.IDHEAL. ceud Minos an Fhogharaidh, 187A' casgairt gach namliaiclAig an roljli de dlianachd a dhusgadhGed a sheideadk ran na dudaich,bhunait gii barr nan stucan liath,Ag iarraidh a mach nan Gaidheal,Aluinn 'n an cruth, ard 'n an gniomh,Treun, nasal, dileas, gun mheataclid,N a gaisgich o na frithean coillteach,A' greasadh le graoinncachadh Croistarra,Gu3 an arfhaich, a gbleidheadh a'chruinDo nigbean rioghail Pv,igh Seumas,Na b-Ailpeinich 's na db' eiricb dhiubbfxu steidb a moracbdGed tbigeadh so uile, cba chluinn'S cba duisg e o cbadal udlaidb sgail a'bbais..Sint' an uaigh dborcba na tosdacbd,Tba 'n caomban baigbeil fo gblais nammarbb,'S 'aite falanib aig cagailt an aoraidbFar nacb foudadb mi-bbeus labbairt,'8 nacb d' tbug fasgadb riabb do mbirun.GUTH.Bbrist freumbach aosd' de cbraobb Cblann-BblairBitbidb so air 'f bagail air a lieCliu nacb 'eil trie, aeb is fior a db' iinisearLeis na fbuair air eolas:Aoidbeil, caoimbneil ri bocbdUasal, macanta 'n a bbeus ;Firinneaeb, dileas, gun flioill,A tbug an dligbe mar a tboillDo gacb aon. Bba beaimacbd lucbdtuarasdailDuit air tir 's air muir,Mar a tbuit do cbranncbur.Tbus' a sbiubblas cuan nan gabbadb,Faic 's an lar, 'u a cbaisd-cbro,cbo taitneach do Oscar 's a bba e d'aMaraicbe cruadalaeb, dana,cbompanacb. <strong>An</strong> uairaracbadb Donncbaairadbruim gu bbi'g amharcacbd,A bu trie a sbeas anradb gaoitbe a's fairge,Air tonnan feargaeb sruitb a's seididb.Tbus' a glileidbeas an trendcba b' fbada gus an tilgeadb OscarAir aisir nan sleibbtean lusracb,gu lar e, le aon cbuid dol 'n a dbeannruitb,no le e fein a roladb air anTog a nail o sgurr an eas,Neoineag gbeal, eagacb an f basaicb ;àileiii. <strong>An</strong> uairCuir an so i air uaigba bbagradb Donncbaair, sbealladb e gu b-iriosal,A' libuacbaille d' am bu ducbasCòmball corracb nan treudan lionmbor.Bba 'm fear dileas so an sud 'n a oige,Aig cro 's aig creacbann 'g an cuallacb.Heas air a lie a's guidb do ebriocbA bbi le sitb mar a thugadb dliasan.dililidb air, agus db' imlicbeadb eGlaschu air CJluaidb,<strong>An</strong> 28mb la de Mbios deir. an Earraicb,1867.DONNCHA CAIMBEUL.(Bho ursgeidan Sheumais Hogg,Ciohair Ettrick.)Dli' fliag Donuclia Caiinbeul a'Ghaidhealtaclid an iiaii- a bha e runshea bliadima dh' aois, gu bbi a' fuireacble piuthar a mbathar, seannmbaigbdean a bba 'cbombnuidb amian Duneidean; far an deacbaidb acbur do sgoiL Cbaocbail a mliatbairgreis roimb an am ud; acb cba b'fbada gus an rol:)b a b-aite air alionadb suas, oir tbug 'atbaii- a lambanil an ceangal-posaidb do aon de nasearbbantan. Cba robb mor-umbailaig Domicba do 'n cbaocbladb ud, nodo ni air bitb eile, saor bbo sbearracbdubb a bbuineadb d'a atbair, agiiscu mor, toinnisgeil d' am b' ainmOscar, a bbuineadb do aon de naciobau-ean.Bbo nacb robb giullaneile 's an teagblacb acb e fein, bbaDonncba agiis Oscar 'n an dlutbcboiiipaiiaicb— le a gbartan ceangailtemu aiubaicb Oscair, agus le clar ceangailteri' earball mor, dosacb, bliiodbDonncba gu trie 'g a iomaiu mu 'ncuairt an àileiii, 'g a tboileacbadb feinle bbi a' saoilsinn gun robb eacb aguscairt aige fo a stiuradL Bba ancaitiieamb-aimsir ud, a reii* coslais,'aodanii agus a lamban; an uair aleagadb e a' cbuip air, cbrubadb e aiga cbosan,—acb cba b' fbada gus ambiodb cuisean a ritbisd air an reiteacbadbeatorra. Gbeibbte Oscar gubuuailteacb gacb oidbcbe 'n a luidbeaig dorus seoniar-cadail Dbonncbai;agus b'au-aoibbiu do fbear no mbnaoi
!Ciìia ilhios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 177a dh' fheuchadh ri dol a stigh do 'nt-seomar aig amaibli uii-iomchuidh.<strong>An</strong> iiair a chuir Donncha cul acliinn ri dachaidh a leanabuidheaclidcha robh mulad no smuairein aii- aigdealachadh ri'athair, no ris na seh-bhisich.Cha robh e coltach gu 'n robha' bheag de smuaiu aige mil 'u t-searrachdhubh; ach 'n uair a chunnaic eOscar a' sealltuinn gu muladach 'n aaodann, shil a dheoir gu frasach oPhaisg e a lamhan mu a'shuilean.mhuineal, chniadaich agus phog se e— "Oscah-, Slan leat," ars' esan, aguse a'caoineadh; "gu 'm beannaicheadhDia thu, Oscaii" mo ghaoil." ComaCO dhiu, b' fheudar deahichadh riOscar. Bha an gille agus an t-eachaig an dorus, chaidh Donncha a churair pillean air cul na diollaide, agusmharcaich iad air falbh. Lean Oscariad gus an d' rainig iad muUach a'mhaim, far an do shuidli e sios, a'tuireadh agus a' donnalaich. GhuilDonnclia gus an robh a chridhe animpis sgaineadh. " Ciod e 'tha curorf?" ars' an gille. "Cha'n fhaic migu brath m' Oscar dileas, bochd," arsaDonncha, "agus cha'n iirrainn mochridhe a ghiulan."Dh' fhuirich Donncha car bliadhnaann an Duneidean, ach cha d' rinn emor adhartachd ann am foghlum.Cha robh e idir toigheach air an sgoil,agus bha piuthar a mhathar chobeadarach uime a's nach foirneadh ido 'n sgoil e an aghaidh a thoil. Airlatha araidh, bhuail tin eas obann i—bha aon de na searbhantan a'frithealadh oirre gu bunailteach, agusbha Donnclia aii" 'fhagail 'n a aonar.Bha e an comhnuidh air a mheas 'na dhragh leis na searbhantan; charobh dad de thlachd aca dheth, agusmar si:i bha iad am bitlieantas coimlieacliagus reasgach ris. Bha e nisair a chur thuige gu mor; is ganngu 'm faigheadh e de bhiadh no dedheoch na chumadh an deo ann.Beagan laithean an deigh do phiuthara mhathar fas tinn, chaochail i. Bhagach ni troimh a cheile, agus bhaDonncha bochd ann an impis basachadhle acras. Cha robh creutaii- ri'f haicinn air feadh an tiglie, ach airdha tartar a chluinntinn ann an seoraarpeathar a mhathar chaidh estigh, agns ciod e a bha na searbhantatia' deanamh, ach a' righeadhcuirp a chaomh bhan-charaid ! Buleoir e. Bha e air a lionadh letomhas de uamhas nach b' urrainnbroilleach basmiior a ghiulan, leume sios an staidhir, agus sud a mach'n a dheann e cho luath 's a bheireadha chasan e ^ ruith e sios an t-Sraid-Ard, agus thairis ann an Drochaidmu-Dheas,a' sior chaoineadh agus a'bas-bhualadh. Cha chuii-eadh e achas tuille air stairsneach an tigheud ged a bheirte an saoghal dha mardhuais. Rinn neach eigin greim air;chruinnich comhlan mu 'n cuairt air ;dh' fheoraich cuid ciod e 'bha cur aii-?ach cha b' urrainn iad freagradhfhaotainn uaithe ach, "0, mise'ndiugh !Mise 'n diugh" <strong>An</strong> uair af huaii' e fa sgaoil, ruith e air 'adhart,gun smuain gun umhail c' aite anrobh e dol, ach dol cho fad as 's a buchomasach dha bho an t-sealladhuamhasach a chunnaic e, gun suil gunfhiughair ris, ann an seomar peathara mhathar. <strong>An</strong> uair a fhuair se eair taobh a mach a' bhaile, bhafeine a' saoilsinn gun robh e air an rathaddo'n Ghaidhealtaclid ;ghabh e direachair 'adhart, gus an d' rainig e faran robh da rathad a' coinneachadh acheile air taobh deas Geata-cise naGrainneich. Shuidh e ri taobh anrathaid. Cha b'fhada gus an doshiolaidh a bhuaireas-inntinn guseimh-chianalas; sguir e d'a chaoineadh,ach bha fhathasd a chliabh aira luasgadh le osnaidhean trom, ospagach,agus le 'shuil ris an lar, thoisiche ri sgi'ioban a tharruing le 'mheuranns an smuraich.Cha robh e ro fhada anns an12
;178 AN GAID HEAL. Cciui Mhios ail Fhogharaidli, 187t-suidheachaclh nd gnu am fac e seallaclha tbiig tomhas faothachaiclli d'acliridlie troni, aonarach—drobh mordo chrodh Gaidhealacli. B' iad .sudna ceiid chreutaireaii cosmlniil riihuig e an t-aobhar. Blia iad amian seilbh nan Sasunnach — 'n amfogaraich bhochd, coltacli ris fein— a'dol fad air falbli gu lilii air an casgairtagus air an itlieadh, agus farnach faicte leo gu brath beanntaibhiia Gaidliealtaclid.<strong>An</strong> uair a cliaidli iad uile seacliadair, sheall Donncha as an deigli agusthoisicli e ri caoineadli as iir ; achbha 'aire air a grad thionndadh airfalbh uatha le rudeigin a blieaii gutlath ri 'chasan ;ghrad sheall eniu 'n cuairt — 's e a bh' ann, cuboclid, crubach, acrach a' crubadhris an lar agus ag imlich a choise,agus air bainidh le sulas agus leaoibhneas buaireasach. longantasnan iongantas ! Co a bh' ann, ach asheann chompanach ionmhuinn,dileas, Oscar, cho blion, cho seargtaagus cho crubach agus gur gann gu'ni b' urrainn dha gluasad! Bha ea nis 'n a thraill bhochd aig drobhairSasunnach (leis an robh e, ma dh'fhaoidte, air a ghoid no air a clu!annachaig au Eaglais bhric) a bhacho fad air dheireadh air Oscar athaobh suairceas agus fiugliantachda ghne 's a bha Oscar bochd airdheireadh airsan ann an neart agusann an cunihachd. Tha e do-dheantacoinneamh a bu taitniche no butlaitlie a chur an cainnt; ach 'n uaira chunnaic Donncha na bha de aogasan acrais agus na li-aimbeairt ri'fhaioinn gu soilleir ami an gniiis acharaid, bha' cliridhe air 'fhàsgadhle faireachduinuean dolasach. "Cha'n 'eil mir no spruidhleach agani ri'thoirt dhuit, m' Oscar bochd ! Cha'n 'eil greini again air mo shoii fein,ach cha 'n 'eil mi cho dona dlieth 's atha tliusa." Rinn an drobhair feadchruaidh; chlisg Oscar; dhluthaiche gu teann ri broilleach Dhonnchaileag e a cheann air a ghlun, sheall egu cianail 'ii a aodaiin mar gu 'nibiodh e 'g asluchadh air a dhioii o 'nluclid-(>olais a chunnaic Doniicha reau ionilain de an bhliadhna a chaidhseacliad. Dhuisg sealladh dlieth anadliaii'cean geal agns an sprogainleathann faireachdninnean luaoth,nieasgaichte de sholas agus de chianalas'n a cliridhe. Mai- a bha iad a'dol seacliad, thug e fainear gun robhiad diir, gruaniach 'n an coltas; ghrad chrochaire an-iochdmhor ud. Chualasgun dail fead eile a bu chruaidhe naa' cheud te, agus glaodh ard, iargaltao 'n drobhair, a' gairm Oscair d' aionnsaidh. Chriothnaich Oscar bochdo a cheann gu 'bhonnaibh, ach au'eagal peanais sheap e air falbh guh-athaiseacli, aindeonacli an deigh ashealbhadair an-iochdnihor, a thugfainear gu 'n robh Oscar mar gu 'mbiodh e ann an ionia-chomhairle agusa' sealtuinn as a dlieigh; agus aireagal gun teicheadh e uaithe, ruithan drobhair air ais 'n a choinneamh.Clirub Oscar ris an lar, ghlac androbhair air chluais e, agus leag estrachdan air le bata gai-bli a bh' aige'n a laimh, gus an do luidh e siosleth-mharbh aig a chosan.A reir coslais bha na h-uile ni agoibreachadh le 'clieile gu bhi 'leonfaireachduinuean Dhonnchai, ach bhae ail- a chur tliuige le bruidealachdan-iochdmhor an drobhair ni bu mhona bha e leis gacli trioblaid eile leisan robh e air 'fhiosrachadh. Euithe air 'adhart far an robh Oscar 'n ashineadh agus e a'gul gu goirt, a'caineadh an t-Sasunnaich mar bhruidchruaidh-cridheach ; agus arsa Donncharis ;" Ma 's e a's gu 'n tig misegu blii am Ian dhuine agus gu 'ncoinnich sinn a cheile, bi cinnteachgu'ii ciiir mi as dhuit." Sliuidh esios agus thog e ceann Oscair air aghlun, a dh-fheuchainn an robhfhathasd an dec ann. Bho nach b'
machih, isr A.N GAIDHEAL. 179urrainn an drobhair a' bheag adheanamh as eugais a' choin, dh'flieith e gu faighidneach gus amfaiceadli e deireadh na cuise. TliainigOscar thuige ri h-uine, agus dh' ealaidhe air falbh ri sail a mhaighistir|gun a cliridhe bhi aige sealtuinn airais. Slieas Donncha far an robh e,ach leag e a shuil gu Ijuiiailteacli airOscar, agus mar a b' fJiaide bha e dolnaithe is ann a bu mho a bha e aira bhuaireadh gu a leantuiun. Shealle null 's a nail, ach cha robh ni achfalmhaidheachd ri 'fhaicinn aii- gachtaobh, cha robh feum da stad far an'robh e, agus mar sin lean e as deighOscair agus an drobhair.( Ri leantninn.)MU NA SEANNMU1LEA(tri cheud CealL no Eaglais air feadlina h-Alba ann au caochladh aitean.Theirear"Cillteau"ris ua h-aitibh-aoraidhso gus au la au diugh mar adh' aiumicheadh iad air tus le Calum.Bha 6 feiu agus a chompauaich a'saoithreachadh gun sgios am measgau t-sluaigh gus an d' f huadaich iadsaobh-chreideamh nau Druidhneachgu buileach a mach as au tir agusau d'thainig au duthaich gu h-iomlangu bin ag aideachadh a bhi 'creidsiunaim an Criosd. Theirteadh " Cuildich"mar ainm ris an dream a bha 'uau co-luchd-oibre maille ri Cahmicilleann au craobh-sgaoileadh an t-soisgeil.Finiair CaUnn-cille bas aims a'bhliadhua A.D. 597, air oidhche Di-Sathuirue, au 9mh la d' au Og--mhios.Mu mlieadhou oidhche chaidh esteachdo'n Eaglais mar bu ghuathleis a dheanamh urnnigh. Chaidhe sios air a ghluiuibh aig- benlaobliua h-altarach. Au ceaim beagaunine lean a sheirbhiseach, Diarmad astigh as a dheigh, agus ghlaodh e" "C ait' am bheil thu, athair ?P'huair se e 'n a shiueadh au lathairua h-altarach agus e cosmhuil ris a'cln-ich dheireaunaich. Thaiuig nabraithreau uile a stigh au sin agusthoisicli iad ri gul agus caoiueadh auuair a chunuaic iad au athair spior-GHAIDIIEIL.adail cosmhuil ri dol a chum a' bhais;ach smeid esau riutha le 'laimh oXII.nach b' urraiim e labhairt, a' ciallachadhShuidhich Calum-cille Tigh-foghluimgu'n robh e a' guidhe beann-ann au I, far au robh moran achd orra, agus goirid an deigh sindhaoiue oga air au teagasg ann an thug e suas an deo. Au ceann trieolas nau Sgriobtur agus air au uidlieauiachadhlaitheau chaidh 'adhlacadh aun augu dol a mach a sbear-Reilig Grain.mouachadh au t-soisgeil air feadli natire. Bhuauaich e re ceithir bliadhnaBha moran de dhaoinibh diadhaidhau luchd-cuideachaidh aig Calumcille'ndeug thar f hichead a' searraonachadhaim au craobh-sgaoileadh ananus gach aite air feadh na (xaidliealtachdt-soisg'eil am measg nau Seanngus an d' thaiuig na Gaidheil Ghaidheal. <strong>An</strong> uair a thaiuig e airno na Pictich thuathach g-u leir gu tus a nail a Eiriun thug e leis dabhi a' creidsinu na fii'inn ; agus tha e fhear dheug 'n an companaich. 'N amau- 'aithris gu 'u do thog e corr agusmeasg so bha Diarmad, a sheirbhiseach,agus Beathain niac Bhrèanaiu,a' riuueadh 'u a Abba air I-Chaluimchilleau deigh a bhais feiu. B'eBrèauau brathair 'athar Chaluim,agus thaiuig a dhithis mac, Beathainagus Conau, comhlath ris auteachdaire do'n Ghaidhealtachd. Areir coslais is ann mar chuimhueachauair Conau so a thugadh Strath-Chouain mar ainm air aite ann anSiorramachd Rois. B'e Coinueachaon eile dhiubhsan a bha 'n an co-
180 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud Sriiios an FliogharaiJli, 1873.luchd-oibre le Caliiin, agus an deighliais Bheathiu riuiieadh e 'n a Abbaair I, uiu'ii bhliadliiia 600. Thaaiiiiu Choiiinich air a gbleidheadli airchuimhne auu an aiteachaibh air lothair feadh ua Gaidhealtachd mar thaGill - Choiimicli an Ciiintire, Cill-Choiniiieh aig- ceanu sear Loch-Lagaiii, am Braighe Bhaideauach,Innis-Choinnich aim an Loch nanCeal an Eileau Mhuile, Cille-Choiimich(Kilkenny) an Eirinn, agus aiteaneile an Eirinn 's an Albainn. Is annde mhninntir Eirimi a bha Coinneachagus bhnineadh e do Chlann-Ruadhraidhann am mor-roinn Ulladb.B'e Ciaran mac an t-Saoir aon eilede chomhaoisibh Chalum - chille.Rugadh e auns a' bhliadhna a.d. 515agus fhuaii' e bas anus a' bhliadhna549 'n uair a bha e 34 bliadhna dh'aois. Bha Ciaran 'n a dbuine foghluimteagus diadhaidh, agus bha achliu air a sgaoileadh am fad 's amfarsuinu air feadh Eirinn agusAlbainn. Is ann mar chuiaihneachanairsan a thugadh an t-ainm Cill-Chiaraia air aon de sgireachdaibhChinntire, agus Cill-Chiarain (Kilkerran)ann an siorramachd Aramaille ri aitibh eile air feadh na]j-Alba. Chithear an uanih anns amb'abhaist da bhi 'tamh am fagus doCheann-Loch-Cille-Chiarain, anns nacreagan laimh ris a' mhuir air taobhdeas a' bhaile.B'e Donnan aon eile de chompanaichChaluim-chille. Gheibhearalum an duiiie so air chuimhne annan Cill-Donnain an Eilean Eige, agusCill-Donnain, sgireachd an taobhtuath Chataobh. Tha e air 'aithrisgu 'm b'e Donnan an t-aon neach achuireadh gu bas air sou fiamiisGhrifjsd ann an craol)h-sgaileadh ant-soisgeil am measg nan Seaun-Ghaidheal.Tha cuid ag radh gu 'n domharbhadh e fein agus leth-cheudeile ami an Eilean Eige, agus a reirbeachd inuinntir eile, chaill e ablieatha ann an Cill-Donnain anCataobh. Thachair so mu'n bhlaidhna017.Bha na ceud theachdairean soisgeulachso 'n au daoinibh foghluimte,diadhaidh, saoithreachail, agusthriall iad a bhos agus thall air feadhna Gaidliealtachd agus Eileanan nah-Alba a' cur an ceill sgeul aoibhneachna slainte do'n luchd-aitichborb agus aineolach. Bha obairan creidimh agus saothair au graidhgu minic air a bacadh leis ua cogannaibhfuilteach a b' abhaist a bhieadar na fineachan Gaidhealach, naScintich agus na PicticJi, ach a dh'aindeoiu gach ana-cothrom agus cnapstarraa bha 's an rathad bhuanaichiad 'n an saothair gus au do gheill naGaidheil gu h-iomlan do shoisgeulChriosd. A mach a I-Challum-Chillechaidh na teachdairean Criosduidh achum gach cearua dhe 'n duthaichgu ruig Cataobh, Gallaobh, agus EileananArcaimh gu tuath, agus guruig an t-Eilean Sgiathanach, Leoghus,Uist, Barraidli agus a' chuideile de Eileanaibh na h-Airde 'n iarau Alba. Bha I-Challum-chille ainmeilair son foghluim agus ard-sgoilearachd,agus as a sin bha daoiuefoghluimte a' dol a mach a shearmouachadhau t-soisgeil air tir-mor naRoiun - Eorpa. Re iomadh ceudbliadhna bhuadhaich an soisgeul ammeasg nan Seann Ghaidheal; bhaEaglais bheo, spioradail, aig Criosdanns au tir, a bha ro ghnionihachann an craobh-sgaoileadh an t-soisgeilam measg nam Paganach Sasunnacli,ann am Breatann, agus aunsa' Ghearmailt. Cha 'n 'eil morancunntais, againn mu 'n deibhinn annan Eachdraidh, ach tha iomradh ambcatha aira sgriobhadh 's na h-ardaibhann an lathair ua righ-chathrach.D. B. B.
:——Ceud Mhios an Fliogharaidh, 1873. ,7, AN GAIDHEAL. 181COMH RADII NAN lOLAIREAN.Tha e air a radii gii 'n cnala ciobairail Coiiibradh a leauas eadar seaiiiiiolaire agus a h-alacli og, am feadli 'sa l:)lia e 'toirt a-i aire air an trend'•Mu chlann," ars' an iolaire," chuunaig- sibh mi a' tiolpadh nancearc as na h-iolannan, a' g-lacadh namaigiiich auns a' phreas, agus a'togail a' mbinn o 'ioiialtradb. Achtha cniuihne agaibli blas'fhaighainn"Iiniis dbuiun," arsa na li-iolaireanoga, " c' aite 'm faigbear daoine, agusciamar a dh' aithnichear iad; oir iscinnteacb gur i feoil an duine biadbnadurra na b-iolaire. Carson nachd' thng tbn duine slau a db-ionnsaidbna nid ann ad spuirean?""Tba e tuilleadb 's dumbail, trom,"ars an iolaire; "an uair a dh'amaiseassinn air duine cha 'n urrainn duinnach 'f beoil a stroicbdeadb leinn agusna cnamhan 'fbagai! as ar deigh."" Ma tba an duine cho mor a's sin,"ars' an fbeadbain oga, "ciamar a tba'dol agad air a mbarbbadb? Tbafiamb agus eagal agad roimb'n mhadadb-alluidbagus am matb-gbabbainu;ciod an cnmbacbd leis am bbeil buaidliaig nab-iolairean tbairis air an duine/Am bbeil an duine na' s laige nacaora?""Cba'n'eil againn," fbreagair aniolaire, " neart an duine, agus tbami air uaiiibb an teagamb a bbeil asbeoltachd againn; agus b' ann fiorainneamba gbeobbadb iolaireancotbrom air 'f heoil itbeadh mui- biodbNadur, a db'orduicb e cbum ar feum,air buirbe ioiigantaicb a cbui- ann,nach faca mi riamb ann an creutairair bith eile a tba 'chombnuidh air antalamh, Gu trie coinuicbidh datbreud mbor de dbaoine, criotbuaichidlian talamb leis an toirm a iii iadagus lionar an t-adhar le tame.<strong>An</strong>nail- a chluinueas sibb toirm agus acbi sibb teine a' ruitb air agbaidb natalmbainn, greasaibb a db-ionnsaidban aite le uile luaths ur sgeitb, oirbithibb cinnteacb gu bbeil daoinea' sg'rios a cbeile; gbeobb sibb antalamh deai-g le fuil agus cuirnicbtele closaichean marbha, agiis morandiubb air an srachdadh agus air angearradb air son nan iolairean.""Ach an uair a mbarbhas na daoinean cuid creiche," ai-s' na h-iolaireaubeaga, "carson nacb 'eil iad 'g a itbeadb?<strong>An</strong> uair a mbarbhas madadb-air biadb morau is inillse na iad sinis niinig a tbug mi dbuibh cuirni def heoil DUINE."alluidb caora, cba'n fbuiliiig e do'niolaire teacbd g'a cboir gus am bbeile fein air a sbasuchadb Nacli e seorsade mhadadh-allindh a tha aims anduim?^'" Is e an duine," ars' an iolaire,"an t-aon chreutair a mbarbhas anni sinn nacb itb e, agus is i a' bbuaidbso a tba 'g a f hagail 'n a charaidcho math do 'n chiuneacb agaiuu-ne."" Ma tha an duine mar so a'marbbadh creiche dbuinn-ue agus 'ga f hagail ann ar ratbad," ars' an iolaireog, '• ciod am feum a tba againnair saothrachadb air ar son fein?""Tba," ars' a mathair," a cbionng'u 'm fan an duine air uairibb re ninef bada sambacb 'n a gharaidb. lunsidbna seami iolairean duibb cuin atba sibb ri suil giieur a cbumail aira gbluasadan. <strong>An</strong> uair a cbi sibbbuidbnean mor dbaohie a' siubhalcombladb, faodaidb sibb a thuigsiungu bbeil iad ri seilg agus gn'mfaigh sibh ur diol de f beoil duinegu b-aithgbeaiT.""Ach stadaibb," ars' an iolaire og," bu nihatb learn fios f haigbinu airan aobbar air son am bbeil daoinemar so a' sgrios a cheile. Cha b' urraiimdomb fbein a mbarbbadb anni sinn nach ithinn.""Mo leanabh," ars' a mathair, "anuair a bba mise og, b' abhaist dombdol a tbaghal air seann iolaire aig anrobh a comhnuidh anna na creaganud
—;!18:> AN GAIDHEAL. Ctiul .Mhios an Fhojjharaiilh, ls"3.sliuas. Blia i'tighinn beo o bhliadhiiagu bliadhna air miouaicbeaiidhaoine. Thuirt i, mar a bba g'eiigauiia craoibh dharaich air am bualadhr' a cheile leis an doiiiinu a chumgu 'u tigeadh ua mucan-fiathaich beoair iia cnuthaii a tliuiteadh dhiubh,gu 'n robli daoiue mar so It; cumhachddo-thuigsiiiu air an sparradh an aghaidha cLeile a chum 's gu 'm biodhna b-iolairean air am beatbachadh.Agus tba a;i fheadhainu a tha agitealaicb os an cionii a' toirt airegu 'm bbeil fear anng gach treud atba toirt seolaidh do cbacb agus atba a reir coslais a' gabbail tlacbdanaliarracb anns a'cbasgradh oillteil.Ciod 6 a tba toirt coir do 'ii f bear soair inbb cbo ard cba 'n fbios duinnmar is bitbeanta cba 'n ò idir fear ismomba no is luaitbe na cacb, acb tbae 'taisbeanadb leis cbo dian a's cbodicbiollacb 's a tha e gur esan, gusonruichte, Caeaid NAN lOLAlK-EAN."Ead. 'n Bheuria lefliasas i.Mac-Mharcuis.Feeagaiktean do na Toimhseachainanns an aireamhmu dheireadh ;— 1, Neaddrcatliain ann an claigeann eich. 2,l't;inn-iteig. 3, <strong>An</strong> eigb..SOP AS GACH SEID.SGOLTAUH FIODHA.(Jacb tiodb as a bbàrrAcb am feània as a bbun.NAIDHEACHDAN.Tba iomradb ann gu bbeil a' Bbanrigbdol a gbabbail cuairt air feadbna Gaidhealtacbd an ceann ninegboirid. Tba i ri seacbdain a cburseacbad ann an caisteal ur lonarlocbaidb; an sin tha i dol a dbireadbgu mullacb Beinn-Nibbeis ; agus andeigb sin tba i dol a sbeoladb mu 'ncuairt do lonar-aoradb, far an cuir iseacbad beagan laitbean fo aoidlieacbdDbiuc Earra - Gbaidbeal.Gbuidbeamaid sid agus soirbbeacbadbmath dhi air a turas.Tba naidbeacbd ro thaitneacb eileagainn air a' mbios so. Tba daramac na Ban-righ, am prionns-aAlfred, Diuc Dhuneidin, an deighceangal-posaidh a dbtanamb ri banjibrionnsaeireachdail, nigbean ImpireRussia.Is e so am fear d' an TeaghlachRioghail a tha 'n a sheoladair, achcha 'n 'cil e fior uime niai- a bha emu 'n fbear a sheinn,TOIMHSEACHAIN.1. Eugadh e gun anam, 's bliasaichgiui anam, 's bha anam ann.2. Cha 'n itli thu e, 's eba'n" Cha taobh na caileagan mi,O'n sbeol mi f bin am mbaraiche,"Tha aon te ann co dbiu a roghnaicbeol thu e,cba tig t]iu beo as aonais.esan tbar gach fear eile, agus a their'siiime,.3. jVJaiglidean og a' chota ghil,— mara's fhaide Vhea&as i. is ann a's giorra dh' " Fear idir cba gbabli mi gu bratb,Ach Alfrvd aluinn— m' ulaidh e ;Maraicbe lùtb nan tonn ard,A sbiubblas Ic 'hhùrc g\\ b-urranta."Tha lad I'o f hreagarach d'a cheile;" Cba 'n ann an coille nan crogan achinn iad." Tha an Eioghachd dola shuidbeachadh coig mile beheadpunnd r'asunnacb 's a' bhliadhna aira' charaid oig cbo fhad 's is beo iadBi cnramach ciod a gbeallas tn, acb anle cheile, agus sea mile 's a' bhliadhnaoirre-senail' a Lheir tbn gealladb, l.icùraniacbgu'nglèidb tbuan deigh a bhais-san,e.ma 's e 's giorra laitbean. SaogbalCcanu cnudain, 's ceaiin sgadain,'S ctann goilihr' air dliroch f bcannadli,^ foda dhoibh le cheile, guidhe dhur--Tri cijun air nach 'eO moran itheanuaich. achdach gach Gaidheil
THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT,GAELIC PHILOLOGY.NOTES BY THE REV. ALEX. CAMERON.(Coiitbtui'd from poyf 1.54.^^A.TJC3-TJST, 1873.4L louga and nail.Tonga (nail; anc. iiiya) correspondsto W. eioia, and is akin to Lat.uityais, icnyula, Gr. onux (o-ioux,o-uicch-os., with prefixed), Sansk.lutkha, Lit. ua(/a, Ger. luujcl, A.S.tioicjel, Eng. nail (Bojjp's 8ansk.Gloss., \). 208; Stokes Ir. Glosses, p.150; Liddell and Scott's Lexicon).Bopp compares O. Ger. nayal (th.iuigala) with Sansk. nahliara (r andI interchanged), Lat. ungula.42. Lomnochd and naked.Lomnochd (anc. lomnocht) - loin(liare) and nocJal or iiocht (naked). Gi'. nephele, Lat. nebula to which itXocht = 'W. noeth (naked), and is is manifestly akin. Cf. also Sansk.akin to Ger. nackt, nakot, A.S. nahhas (heaven, air), Gr. nephos, fromnacod, iiaced, Eng. iuiked, Cf. Sansk. which iiephele is derived, Lat. nnhes,nagnd (naked) perf. jjart. pass, from W. iiff, and Gael, nèanih (heaven;ruig (to be ashamed, Goth, nagcatlts,Ice. naktr (Bopp's Sansk. Gloss., p.208).43. Nochd and nig /it.aor. e-lfib-on). May we referJVoc/id or noc/tt (to-night; Old Gael. "neabhas" to this root, and understandinnoc[h]f) = W. henoetli., heno, and is" Beinn-neabhais," the namecognate with Gv.nux,)tukto{i, Lat. nox, <strong>of</strong> our highest mountain, to signifynoctis, Goth, nahts, Ger. nacht, A.S. the Mistij or Cloudy Mountain?niht, Eng. night. The Welsh is nos. The dropping <strong>of</strong> b in ndl or nelCf. Sansk. naktam = Lat. nocta (by accounts for the long vowel. Cf. cct,night). See Bopp's San.sk. Gloss., p. det.^ tet, set, der, en, fen, seel, indr207, and Ebel's Celtic Studies by or mar, ah-eady noticed.Sullivan, 1). 111.46. Seun, seal, and sign, seal.In the last two examples Gael. 'Sean (to bless, to make the sign <strong>of</strong>chd. (auc. c/if,) = W. til. Cf. nho tieachd^' the cross ; anc. sen) is connected with(seven; anc. sechtj and saith, ochd(eight; anc. odd) and ivytJi., lachd(milk; anc. lacJit) and llaeth (= Lat.lac,lactis).44. Balg or holg and hdhj, halge,bilge, hag, badget.Balg or bolg (hug, hdhj) correspondsto Lat. hidga, (leathern bag,budget), Goth, halys, Ger. halg, A.S.hcdg, hcdig, from which are derivedEng. helli/, halge, hilge., hag. Budgetis from Fr. bougette, diminutive <strong>of</strong>hoge (a sack). Cf. Ital. bolgia fromLat. bulga. Beg (originally to carrya hag) is pi-obably from the sameroot. Cf ^\^edgwood's Etym. Dictionary.45. Neul, ìièamh; W. niwl, nifwl;Old Ger. nibul; Gr. nephos, nephd'e;Lat. nebula.Nevl (cloud; anc. iiell for nehl)may be comjDared with W. nifwl.,niivl, (Jld Ger. nibul, X. H. Ger. nehel,anc. ne)n, gen. niine). Xem has vifor bli, like Idin {lànili, hand) from rootlab (Cf. Sansk. labli., Gi'. la)>iba,nò, 2Ger. segnen (to bless), segen (the sign<strong>of</strong> the Cross, prayer, charm) A.S.scgen, segn (blessing, benediction;given l>y making the sign <strong>of</strong> the
;184 THE GAEL.Cross), Lat. slynum (mark, sign),Eixg. sign. Seul (seal ; auc. si'l)corresponds to Ger. siegel, Ital. sigillo,Lat. sigillum (diminutive <strong>of</strong> slgnuni),Eug. seal.The loss <strong>of</strong> g accounts for the longvowel <strong>of</strong> sen and sel, which seemloan-words.47. Troidh and tread.Troidh (foot ; anc. traig fromroot trag, with which compare Sansk.trksh, Grr. treclid, Goth. tJiragja) — W.troed (foot; Old W. traet)., and isakin to Ger. treten (to tread), A.S.tredan (to tread), tred (step), trod(path), Eng. tread. Cf. Goth, trutanand Lat. trudo. See Bosworth'sA.S. Dictionary, Stokes' Ir. Glosses.p. 44, and Hilpert's Ger. Dictionary.48. Fas and loax.Fas (wax, grow) is akin to Ice.vax, Ger. wachsen, A.S. weaxan, andEng. wax. For Gael. /== Ice. v,Ger., A.S., and Eng. lo, cf. Gael.fion with Ice. w/i, Ger. loein, A.S.;riy»e, Jife, peei).riob (pipe, tuhe) and its derivativesjnoban (a little pipe, a littletube), piobadh (piping), &c., are relatedto Gr. ^^ipi^'J (to pipe, to chirp),Lat. 2>lpo (to peep or chirp), Ger.pfeife (tube, whistle, fife), A.S. i^ip(pipe, tube), Eng. j^W^- ^Ìf^ i^from Ger. pfeife, and peep (to chirp)is from Diit. piepen, which is connectedwith Lat. pipio, pipo.50. Caoin and whine.Caoin (weep, lament, howl), caoineadh(dirge, bewailing) are connectedwith W. cioyno (to howl), A.S. cwunian(to howl). Ice. kvina (to howl),Eug. whine (to utter a plaintive cr}^).For c ill Gaelic = loh in Englishcompare cò and who = Lat. quis,qui ; ciod and what = Lat. quid.,quod; cuip = W. cliwip) (wheep),and Ice. hvipp., A.S. hweop, hweopan,Eng. 'whip ; cuibhle (a wheel), cuibhill(to wheel), and Dut. wiel, Dan.hjid, A.S. hweol, Eng. ivheel. Cuipand cuibhle are probably loan-words.5L Bratach, brat; Eng. brat.Bratach (banner) is from brat(coveiing, mantle, rag). Cf. W.brat. Brat (contemptuous name fora child) is connected with Scot.brat (a child's pinafoie), A.S. bratt(cloak), which are evidently connectedwith, if not derived from,Gael, bi'at.52. Gruth and Eng. curd, crew,crowd.Gruth (curds ;gen. grotha in mid.Gaelic) is also cruth in O'Reilly'sDictionary. Cf cruthaim (I milk).Go'uth or crutli corresponds to Eng.curd (Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 96,and is cognate with W. crwth (anythingswelling out, crowd), crwd(round hmip), A.S. cruth, creud.,from which are derived Eng. crew,croicd (lit. a hmip). Cf. Scot.croiodi/.53. Stan and tin.Stan, = W. ystaeio (tin), is connectedwith Lat. sta?iVMn//(tin, originallya composition <strong>of</strong> lead and silver),stagnuiu (tin), Fr. eta in (Old Fr.estain), A.S. tin, Eng. tin. The
;August, 1873.THE GAEL. 185loss <strong>of</strong> g accounts for long a instem. Cf. Lat. stugneun for stcmnetis(made <strong>of</strong> tin) and atagno (to tin).54. Stcdlinn and steel.With stàilinn (steel; stàil-imi,root stal) compare Ice. stal, Ger.staid, A.S. styl, Eng. steel.55. Fionn and w/ii7e.Fionn (fair, white) was in OldQ&eiic, find, which corresponds to W.gvnn (fair). The root, according toStokes (Ir. Glosses, p. 150), is vidfor cvid, Cf. Sansk. svit and svhul(to be white) and sveta (white),Goth, hveita, A.S. hwit, Eng. white.Cf. also Ice. finn (bright), withwhich GsLcl. finealta (fine, handsome)and Eng. fine seem connected.56. Brae, hràcaim, and h'ace,bracket, bracelet, h'ancli.Brae (the arm) is akin to W.braick (arm, branch), Gr. brachidn(the arm), Lat. bracMuia (the arm),Fr. bras (arm), brace, bracket. Bràcairn,(I embrace) is from brae. Bracelet isfrom old Fr. hraehel (armour for thearm). Branch is from Fr. brancite,which is connected with brachimn.The Gaelic word braclach (h-ae-lach),applied to a wood or thicket, seemsconnected with lyrac, W. braich. Cf.Eng. brake.. Low Ger. brake (brushwood).57. Buidhe and bay.Buidhe (yellow ; anc. buide) isakin to Lat. badius (bay or chestnutcolour), Fr. bai (bay), Eng. bay.Cf.Ebel's Celtic Studies by Sullivan, p.108.58. Creuch; W. Fraidd ; Eng.jn'ey.Creach (prey) corresponds toW. pi'aidd (prey). Cf. Lhuyd'sArch. Brit., p. 20. Fraidd correspondsto Bi'et. ^^rets:, Lat. prctida(connected with prces, prci'dis), Fr.proie, Eng. prey. F in Welsh andLatin fi'equently corresponds, asnoticed above (p. 215), to c in Gaelic.59. Cadhag and chough.Cadhag (jackdaw ; in Old Gael.caog) corresponds to W. coeg incoegfran (jackdaw = coeg-branj, Fr.chovcas (jackdaw), Eng. chough.Cf. Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 56.60. Gedla and keel, yawl, jolly-boat.Geòla (yawl) is akin to Dut. jol,Dan. jolle (to row), Scot. yoUe, Eng.yaivl and jolly (in jully-boat). It isalso akin to A.S. eeol (ship, smallbark, keel), cede (the bottom <strong>of</strong> aship). Old Ger. chiol N. Ger. kiel.,Eng. keel (a ship or the bottom <strong>of</strong> aship).61. /Smuais and smash.iSmnais (bi-eak in pieces, smash)is akin to Ger. schvdss (dash, blow),Ital. smassare (to crush), Eng. smash.62. Smior and smear, marrow.iSviior (maiTow; anc. smir) isakin to 0. Norse srm'w (butter),Ger. sciimer or schmeer (lard, fat),A.S. schmere (grease), Eng. smear.C£ Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 56. TheW. word corresi)onding to smir is7)ièr (marrow), and with it may becompared Ice. m'6r (fat), Dut. murw(s<strong>of</strong>t), A.S. mearu (s<strong>of</strong>t, delicate),Ger. mai'k (marrow), Dan. marg(marrow), A.S. mearh (mari-ow),Eng. marroio. Cf. Gr. muron.Is marag (sausage; anc. maroc)connected with Ger. mark, Dan.marg, Eng. marrouj?63. Snàig, snàgan, snàigeaìi, andsneak, snake, snail.S'nàig (creep; root snag) is cognatewith Swiss sehnaken, schnacujgen (tocreep), A.S. snican, Eng. sneak.Snàgan (creeping, slow motion) andsnàigean (a rei^tile, a creeping thing)are from sìiàg. Snake is from A.S.snaca. Ice. sndkr, Sansk. iuiga, withwhich A.S. snican (to creep) iscognate. Snail is fi'om A.S. snctl,suagl, sncegel, akin to Swiss sehiiaaggenand A.S. snican. Cf. Wedgwood'sDictionary <strong>of</strong> Eng. Etymology.64. Li; W. lliw ; Lat. liveoEng. livid.
180 THE GAEL. August, 1873.Li (colour, hue) - W. lUw (colour),and is regarded by Ebel ascognate with Lat. live,o^ livor, livldus,from which Eng. limd is derived.65. Giall and gilt, gir/gle,joivI.Giall (jaw) is akin to Lat. fiuln(gullet), A.S. ceole (jaw), ceolas (thejaws), and yeaxjl (a jaw, laugh), Eng.gUl,yig(jh(1ivom geagl), and jowl (fromceole). Cf. Old Fr. gale, Fr. guenle(the throat), from Ijat. gula. SeeStokes' Ir. Glosses, }>. 149.66. Bat or bata and 6rt^, battle,batter, heat.Bat or ò«
,August, 1873. THE GAEL. 187diii'erent authors, still the same factsand almost the same way <strong>of</strong> statingthem, are to be found in all. Theyare no doubt an embodied form <strong>of</strong>the traditions, then common to thepeople, and handed down from ageto age. The compilers <strong>of</strong> many <strong>of</strong>the documents may have had accessto written information now lost ; buteven if they had not they could havegathered the substance <strong>of</strong> them fromrecitation and oral tradition. Manspoke before he communicated histhoughts in written language, and herecited long before he read. In thismanner have the poems <strong>of</strong> Ossianbeen handed down to us. WhenAlban's national minstrel was foreversilent, and when his thrilling harpwas reverently hung up in the spacioushall, where once its mournfulnotes mourned Evarillan, and Oscar,and Malvina, and sung in lightermartial strains <strong>of</strong> the battlefield andlove, then admiring minstrels <strong>of</strong>inferior fame caught up the echoes<strong>of</strong> its lingering notes, and repeatedthem until they were at last establishedin the form we now possessthem. In this manner too, were theIliad and Odyssey <strong>of</strong> Homer, preservedfrom floating for ever ou thedark waters <strong>of</strong> Lethe.We may be allowed here tomention that the most perfect collec- ,tion <strong>of</strong> Pictish and Scottish Chroni- i are said to have come fromcles is that edited Ijy Dr. Skene andpublished by the authoiity <strong>of</strong> theLords Commissioners <strong>of</strong> her Majesty's;TreasuiT. This is an invaluable|work. In addition to a leai-nedpreface <strong>of</strong> neai-ly 200 pages, in whichthe i^rincipal questions relating tothe early history <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> arediscussed and cleared <strong>of</strong> much <strong>of</strong>the haze previously surrounding them\t contains a complete and exceedinglyuseful index noviinum et rerum.The compilers <strong>of</strong> the ScottishLegends delighted to assert and reassertthe fabulous anticpiity <strong>of</strong> theScots. It was an inexhaustible theme,and one strongly united to the chords<strong>of</strong> the nation's being. Whethersung by the poet, or noted by thechronicler, it always met ^vith asympathetic response. The mind <strong>of</strong>the Gael, ever prone to pore over thedark and mysterious, seized hold <strong>of</strong>it as a present fact. It was rehearsedbefore the battle, and at the grandcelebrations <strong>of</strong> state; in a word itwas one <strong>of</strong> the gi'eatest <strong>of</strong> thoseprinciples which tended to infuse aspirit <strong>of</strong> chivalry and daring into thehearts <strong>of</strong> our warriors <strong>of</strong> ancientdays. These traditions are not to belaughed at as a peculiarity <strong>of</strong> theScottish race. Almost evei'y ancientnation, civilized and uncivilized,traced its origin back through thedark ages <strong>of</strong> time, till it fixed on thatwhich stood up in the universaldimness more clear and conspicuousthan the rest. This was the casewith the Scots, and how fanciful andstrange soever their traditionarylegends may appear, they are not onewhit more chimerical than those <strong>of</strong>Greece or Rome.In the " Pictish Chronicle," themost ancient MS. bearing on thehistory <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, the Scots (whowere then improperly called Hibei--nienses or Hibernians) and the PictsScythia,and thence to derive their- origin.The Scythians were also calledAlbani, from the white colour <strong>of</strong> theirhau". This name under the formAlban was afterwai'ds applied to thecountry <strong>of</strong> the Picts, or that part <strong>of</strong><strong>Scotland</strong> noi-th <strong>of</strong> the Fii-ths <strong>of</strong> Forthand Clyde. They are mentioned ashaving bluish grey cat-like eyes, andas seeing equally well in the nighttime.The wide expanse <strong>of</strong> theirterritories extended from the EastIndies to the Germanic confines.They abounded in gold and valuable
—188 THE GAEL. August, 1878.gems <strong>of</strong> all descriiitions, even from The Scots are next mentioned inthe ciiieadic stones, mentioned by the Irish additions to the " HistoriaPliny as fonnd in the beads <strong>of</strong> certain Britonum." Here we have a poeticalfishes, to the purest form <strong>of</strong> natural account <strong>of</strong> theii* wanderings fromrock crystals. To add to the digidty Scythia till they finally landed inIreland. This MS. commences with<strong>of</strong> such a noble origin on the part <strong>of</strong>the Scots and Picts, the Scythians aresaid to have been the direct descendants<strong>of</strong> Magog, son <strong>of</strong> Japheth, son<strong>of</strong> Noah, thus carrying back theirgenealogy to the patriarchal times.Not a bad sti-etch <strong>of</strong> imagination,some may exclaim ;yet we have evenhere bits <strong>of</strong> the kernel <strong>of</strong> truth.Whether the Scots took their namefrom the Scythians, or whether thesimilarity is merely a fanciful one Iwill not say, simply because it is amatter <strong>of</strong> conjecture. It is not,however, a matter <strong>of</strong> conjecture whenit is stated that the Celts are thedescendants <strong>of</strong> the sons <strong>of</strong> Japheth,and that they peo})led the whole <strong>of</strong>Europe and the northern half <strong>of</strong>Asia. Whether this is sufficient toaccount for the origin <strong>of</strong> their legendI know not.However interesting it might beto speculate on their journeys westwardwe dare not do so. Whatdeeds <strong>of</strong> braveiy they displayed arelocked up among the hidden things<strong>of</strong> time. In this particular channelno bridge crosses the vast gulph, nochronicles exist relating actions <strong>of</strong>which we can say, " are they notwritten."The Pictish Chronicle also alludeshypothetically to their Egyptianorigin from Scota, daughter <strong>of</strong>Pharaoh, King <strong>of</strong> Egypt, and queen<strong>of</strong> the Scots. The date <strong>of</strong> theiroccupation <strong>of</strong> Ireland is I'cferred tothe fourth age <strong>of</strong> the world, theperiod <strong>of</strong> the decline <strong>of</strong> the Egyptianmonarehy, or A.M. 3430. Asthis form <strong>of</strong> the legend is fretpientlymet with in the historical annals, weshall have occasion to remark on itat another time.a series <strong>of</strong> questions on the origin <strong>of</strong>the Gael. The following is a freetranslation <strong>of</strong> the first few veises :" Whence came the Gael renownedin the fierce battle, whence themighty stream that bore them toIreland? whence the land in whichthey were reared brave heroes in thestrife—the Fene? what broughtthem for scarcity <strong>of</strong> land towardsthe setting sun? was the cavise <strong>of</strong>their wanderings flight, commerce orambition? what is their name as arace, is it Scuitt or Gaidheil?"R. Mac-an-Eothaich.(To he contimied.)GAELIC GRAMMAR ANDORTHOGRAPHY.NOTES BY THE KEV. ALEX. CAMERON.((_ 'outhiued froiib page 25.)1. "<strong>An</strong> uair a" (when).In such expressions as "an uair athèid mi" (when I shall go), "anuair a bhuaileas mi " (when I shallstrike), the phrase "an uair a," althoughused adverbially, consists <strong>of</strong> anoun preceded by the article and followedby the relative pronoun ((, thepronoun being used as a conjunctionV^kethat in English and quod in Latin."<strong>An</strong> uair a thèid mi" is, literally, "thehour or time that I shall go," and"an uair a bhuaileas mi," "the houror time that I shall strike." "A" is,therefore, an essential pai't <strong>of</strong> the adverbialphrase, and not a mere redundantor eujihouic letter. That" a " after " xiair "is a relative pronounappears also from the fact thatitmay be followed, as above, by the
—"August, 1873.THE GAEL. 189future subjunctive, a tense whicli"is used only after the conjunctionsmri (if), or 'ii (since), and the relativea expressed or understood(Stewart's Gram., pp. 93-4).The same remarks apply to thephrases "an trà a" (when), "ancian a" (while), "am feadh a" (while),(fee, in which "a," after "trà," "cian,"" feadh," is the relative used as aconjunction.In the <strong>National</strong> Bible Society'soctavo edition <strong>of</strong> the Gaelic Scriptures,revised by Drs. Maclauchlan,Edinburgh, and Clerk, Kilmallie,the relative, when used as a conjunction,is omitted, without any markto indicate the omission, in severalplaces in which it is used in thequarto edition authorised by theGeneral Assembly. It is needless togive examples. In Dr. Clerk's edition<strong>of</strong> Ossian's Poems the omission<strong>of</strong> the relative in the phrase "anuair a " is, as a rule, left unmarked,although in many other places in thesame edition, an apostrophe indicateswhere it is understood. The followinglines furnish an example <strong>of</strong> tliis:anomaly"Cha shruth'tha doi'cha fonn an righ,'N uair dh' èireas e measg stri nantend."(Oigh-nam-mòr-shùl, 13, 14.)In the first line, an apostrophe indicatesthat the relative is understoodbefore "tha"; but, in the second line,no mark indicates that the same relative(used as a conjunction) isunderstood between " uair " and"dh'èireas," although, in both places,it is essential to the construction.2. " Gu 'n " (that)." Gu'n," which is used as a conjunction,is a contraction for "gu an,"the preposition gu (to, unto) andthe dative case <strong>of</strong> the relative a.Itsliteral meaning is " to that " or" unto that," "ad quod." "B' fheàrrlearn gu 'n tigeadh tu " (I wish thatthou wouldst come), is, literally, " Iwish to that thou wouldst come,"that is, "my wish is to the effectthat thou wouldst come." "With" gu 'n" may be compared the Latinconjunction quod, which is simplythe accusative neuter <strong>of</strong> the relativeqici, governed by either ad or propterunderstood.The relative is frequently not expressedin Gaelic, for the sake <strong>of</strong>euphony, between the preposition guand the verb which follows. It was,probably, this circumstance that ledDr. Stewart to think that n (vi beforea labial) after gu is merelya euphonic letter, which should bewritten with a hyphen instead <strong>of</strong> anapostrophe before it. It must, however,be noticed, (1) that Dr.Stewart has not expressed a very decidedopinion on this point (see noteat p. 176 <strong>of</strong> Stewart's Gram.); (2)that in the Gaelic Pentateuch, whichhe revised along with Dr. Stewart,Luss, and which w^s published eightyears after the last edition <strong>of</strong> theGrammar appeared, " gu 'n," not•" gu-n," is invariably used ; (3) that'n ('m before a labial) is manifestlyunderstood when it is not expressedbetween gu and the verb which follows,as shown by the following examplestaken from the 5 th chap, <strong>of</strong>2 Cor. (ed. 1826):—V. 4 "chum gu bi bàsmhorachdair a slugadh suas lebeatha.". . .( chum gu 'm bi bàsmhor-.achd," (fee.)V. 10 "chum gu faighgach neach na nithe a rinn e," (fee.(...." chum gu 'm faigh gachneach," (fee.)Y. 11 " tha dochas agammar an ceudna gu bheil sinn," (fee.( . . . . " tha dochas agam mar anceudna gu 'm beil sinn," (fee.V. 12 "chum gu bifreagradh agaibh dhoibh-san," &c.
)—190 THE GAEL. August. 1873.(. "chum gu'm bi freagradh. . .agaibh dlioibh-san," &c.V. 19. '* Eadhou gu robli Dia annan Criosd," &c.("• Eadhon gu 'a robh Dia ami anCriosd," &c.)V. 20 "mar gu cuiicadliDia impidh leinne," «i:c.mar gu 'a cuireadli Dia( . . . ."impidh leinne," &c.)V. 21 " chum gu bitlieamaidair ar deanamh," etc.". . ( . . clium gu 'm bitheamaidair ar deanamh," &c.In all these examples 'n or 'vi (thedative case <strong>of</strong> the relative) is understoodafter " gu," and may, as weliaA^e shown, be inserted. In versest, 12, 19, 20, 21, Drs. Maclauchlanand Clerk have inserted it, we thinkwith advantage, in the edition <strong>of</strong> theGaelic Scriptures which they revised.By the apostrophes inserted before nand VI they show that they regarded" gu 'n" and " gu 'm" as abbreviatedforms, although they may not havehad a distinct idea <strong>of</strong> what 'n and'm represent.In his edition <strong>of</strong> Ossian's PoemsDr. Clerk has, as a rule, substituted" gu-n " for " gu 'n " and"gu-m" for "gu'm," thus showingthat he now I'egards n and 7nl)etween gu and the verb in themood which Stewart has calledthe "negative" or "interrogative,"as a mere euphonic letter. But ifthis view be correct '>i and 7n betweentlie propositions do, /o, mu, o, andtlie verb in the same mood must likewisebe i-egarded as euphonic and bewritten with a hyphen instead <strong>of</strong> anapostrophe. Dr. Clerk himself sawthis, and, accordingly, we meet inhis edition with "do-n" for "do'n"-="do an" (to whom, to which),"fo-n" for "fo'n" = "fo an" (underwhom, under which), "niu-n"*for" mu 'n" = " mu an" (about whom,"o'n" = "oan" (from whom, fromwhich, from that), as in tlie followingexamples taken from a number <strong>of</strong>similar changes which we have:marked" A reub an caraid do-n robh'ghràdh" (Yol. I. p. 450), for," A reub an caraid do 'n robh'ghràdh."(Who pierced the friend to whomwas his love.)"Fo-n liib geug dharaig nan tòrr(Vol. I. 130), for," Fo 'n liib geug dharaig nan tbrr."(Under ivltich bends the oak-branch<strong>of</strong> the hills.)" Nighean Chath - mhin, mu - nluaidhnabàird" (Vol II. p. 258), for," Nighean Chath -mhin, mu 'nuaidh na bàird."(Daughter <strong>of</strong> Cath-min <strong>of</strong> loJiom[lit. about whom^ the bards will sing.)"Mu leabaidh o-n leum na ruaidh"(Vol. II. p. 440), for," Mu leabaidh o'n leum na ruaidh."(By the bed from lohich start thehinds."We are confident that Dr. Clerkwill find no ditficulty in seeing thatin these examples n after do, fo, mu,0, is not a euphonic letter but thedative case <strong>of</strong> the relative a, governedby the prepositions do, fo, mu, o,and that, therefore, it should be written,as in the editions <strong>of</strong> the HighlandSociety and <strong>of</strong> Mr. EwenM'Lachlan, with an apostrophe beforeit to indicate the elision <strong>of</strong> a. Weare confident also that, as he was ledby " gu-n" to " do-n," &c., he willalso be led, on seeing that theseforms are erroneous, by " do'n" &c.,to the correct form " gu 'n."(To be continued.)" Of Two Evils choose theLEAST."—Of two physical evils youmay choose the least ; <strong>of</strong> two moralabout which, before that), " o-n " for evils, choose neither.
'IsayingAugust, 1873. THE GAEL. 191MR. EDMUNDS' REPLY TOCOL. ROBERTSON.Sir, —As you have found room for Col.Robertson's long and vehement attack, Ipresume you will be able and willing toafiford me a much smaller space for areply. I do not propose to discuss indetail the long string <strong>of</strong> etymologieswhich Col. Robertson gives as subsitutesfor mine ; both are now beforethe public, and I am content to abide itsverdict. I merely wish to point out thechief errors in pi-inciple and in point intowhich my antagonist's zeal has betrayedcojjied from Chalmers, is a mistake. Ihave never read Chalmers' work, but amgrateful, none the less, for the informationthat my etymologies are borne out by sohigh an authority—if Chalmers be a highauthority.I merely notice in passing the misspelling<strong>of</strong> the Welsh word, which is not"Lanerch," but "Llannerch," as I wroteit.A more important mistake is that whichattributes to me the assertion that "Ben"and "Pum" are identical. I never wrotesuch nonsense. I explained that "lomond"appears to me to be the same as"luman" which means the "standard <strong>of</strong> atribe." Thus Benlomond would be the"hill <strong>of</strong> the standard," just as Pumllumanis the "hill <strong>of</strong> fioe standards,"that is, the place where five tribes assembled."Pum" is an old form <strong>of</strong> theWelsh "pump" which means^'t'fi.<strong>An</strong>other <strong>of</strong> Col. Roliertson's mistakesis, that I do not know what "mam" signifies.I have already given its meaning,which, in all European languages inwhich it occurs, means "bi'east," a"mother."Roman power began to decay, and he continuedthe practice to the great distressand discomfort <strong>of</strong> the Roman-Britons untilthe Saxons drove him back again.For about three centuries the Gaels continuedto come "from the northwest,"and it is certain that they came southeven further than Kent, for the Britonsin their petitions to ^Etius, the RomanConsul, A. ]j. 441, says "the barbariansdrove us to the sea." That inroads keptup for 300 years should leave no trace isimpossible, and that the principal riversshould have waited to be named by theinvaders is erpxally impossible. Thatsome <strong>of</strong> the invaders remained behindwhen the rest were driven back isvery likely in itself, and is borne out bythis fact that traces <strong>of</strong> their presence arehim.Taking the less important first, I haveto note that the statement, that I haveto be found oidy in a few out-<strong>of</strong>-the-wayspots, and in the names <strong>of</strong> a few insignificantstreams.All the principal rivers and mountainsIjear names belonging to the Britishtongue, intelligible in that tongue at thepresent day. The ' ' natural directionand emigration <strong>of</strong> the Gael " is a phraseI do not pretend to xinderstand ; I amcontent with the facts <strong>of</strong> history, whichshow that my assailant is altogetherwrong as to the actual "direction andemigration," &c.The occurrence <strong>of</strong> "Aber" in <strong>Scotland</strong>,taking Col. Robertson's book as myguide, is confined to districts penetratedby the Roman arms ; and as the Romanarmies must have been composed to agreat extent <strong>of</strong> Britons, there can be nodifi[iculty in accounting for the presence<strong>of</strong> the word. We read that Claudiuspenetrated as far as the Orkneys, so thatit is impossible that he left much <strong>of</strong> themaiuland unsubdued.As to the words quoted by me whichCol. Robertson says are not Gaelic, myanswer is at once clear and brief. If hewill refer to my book he will find that Ihad to answer two assailants, himself and" an eminent Celtic scholar" writing inthe Dublin Uinversili/ Magazine. In soIt is not only a mistake but a slight inconsistencyin my assailant to object to aplace being named Dover from dwfivr—"water," when he lays it down that Ayr doing I considered it to be only courtesyis named from being on the water. If to take my specimens <strong>of</strong> Gaelic from mythere be anything "ridiculous" in assailants themselves. All the words inthe etymology, he must take his share the Gaelic column <strong>of</strong> the table are quoted,<strong>of</strong> it.with the meanings, exactly from one orCol. Robertson's recluetio ad absurdum other <strong>of</strong> those authorities, except halloch.is a sad failure. He is quite correct in That I find to be the name <strong>of</strong> a placethat I assert that ' ' the Gael somehowsituated at the spot where a river issuesgot to the north part <strong>of</strong> Britain and from- a lake, precisely as Bala in Norththen came south." All history bears me Wales is situated, and if tlie word beout in the assertion. The Gael got the not Gaelic it must be British, which is inhabit <strong>of</strong> "coming south," as soon as the etymology still less acceptable to my
",—192 THE GAEL. August, 1873.opponent. The sixteen words (out <strong>of</strong>above thirty) which he denounces asnot Gaelic, are all quoted from theDublin UnioersUy Maijazbie, to which Irefer him.Flavell EDMrxD-^, F.R.H.S.Hereford, 12th July, 1873.NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.subject was delivered in the Music Hall,Inverness, by Charles Mackay, LL.D.The lecture was replete with interest.We shall avail ourselves <strong>of</strong> some <strong>of</strong> theinformation it contained at some futuredate. A most hearty tribute <strong>of</strong> thankswas accorded to the lecturer at theclose.New Zealand.—The idea <strong>of</strong> establishinga Gaelic church in Dunedin has beenmooted. A meeting <strong>of</strong> persons favourablethereto, has been held in the Athensum,and the employment in the meantime<strong>of</strong> an energetic missionary to visit theGaelic residents in and around Dunedin,has been resolved upon. The meetingwas opened with a Gaelic prayer byMr. M'Lellan, and subsequently anaddress was delivered by Mr. A. G. Allan.Inverness Gaelic Society. —Thisvigorous and valuable society held itssecond annual assembly in the Music Hallon the 10th <strong>of</strong> last month. The hall wastastefully decorated, and there was animmense audience. In the unavoidableabsence <strong>of</strong> Cluny Macpherson, the chairwas occupied by Duncan Davidson, Esq.<strong>of</strong> Tulloch , around whom on the platformwere a large number <strong>of</strong> ladies and gentlemen,many <strong>of</strong> whom had come long distancesto take part in the interestingproceedings. Besides the Chairman, the.sjieakers were the Rev. Alex. M'Gregor,who delivered a most eloquent Gaelicaddress, from which we arc sorry spaceforbids our making quotations ; Dr. Chas.Mackay; the Ilev. Alex. Stewart <strong>of</strong>Nether Lochaber ; Mr. Cameron <strong>of</strong> Lochiel,M.P., and Dr. Carruthers. Excellentand appropriate music, both vocal and instrumental,lilled the intervals betweenthe addresses, and the meeting was closedby the singing <strong>of</strong> a Gaelic version <strong>of</strong> "Godsave the Queen.Honours.—We are glad to observe thatMr. William Macphail, son <strong>of</strong> one <strong>of</strong>our most valued contributors, has takenfirst prizes in English, Mathematics, andFrench in Watson's College, Edinburgh,and has also gained a University Bursary<strong>of</strong> £25 a year for four years. He is anative <strong>of</strong> Mull.Wimbledon, The Queen's Prize.—Weare proud to state that this prize has nowfor the third time fallen into the hands <strong>of</strong>our Highland countrymen. The fortunateKiNTYRE Canal.— -There is a proposal shot on this occasion is Sergeant INIenzies,being made to cut a canal across Kintyre Edinburgh, a nati\'e <strong>of</strong> Strath Rannoch.at Tarbert. The cost is estimated at upwards<strong>of</strong> £100,000.<strong>of</strong> his comra
;TI. Leabh.] DARA MIOS AN FHOGHARAIDH, 1873. [19 Air.DONNCHA CAIMBEUL.II.Blia 'n cvodh sgith, agus a' gluasadgu li-atliaiseacli ;ghlac DonncLaslatag 'n a laimli, agus chuidicli e leisna drobhairean ann a bhi'g an iomainair au tnnis. Tliug fear dhiu sgillinndha, thug fear eile da sgillinn dhaagus air do 'n oganach aig an robhan drobh air a churam 'fhaicinn clioealamli agus cho ghrad-charach 's ablia Donncha, agus an t-astar acliaidh e leo gu bhi 'g an euideachadh,thug' e sea-sgillean dha. Bha sud 'n amhaoin do Dhonncha. Air dha 'bhiro ocrach, cheannaich e tri builionnaiisgillinn anns a' cheud bhaile troimh na 'm bu chomasach e, dealachadh aan deachaidh iad ; dhith e aon dhiubh; chur eadar Oscar agus a dhrochthug e aon eile do Oscar, agus gliiulaine an treasamh aon dhiubh fo 'ach-ni 'b 'fhearr fo 'ailghios na teicheadhmhaighistir; smaointich e nach robhair falbh bho 'n rathad mhor cholais fa chomhair 'fheuma air a thurus.Lean e an drobh gus an d' thainig anoidhche orra, agus thionndaidh iad atliaobh anns an dubh-thra gii raoii ardeadar Uisge Ghala agus Middleton.Leig Donncha e feiu sios gu tamh foair direadh ri airde nan speur airan latha ar-n a' mhàireach. BhaOscar, an drobh agus na Sasunnaichair falbh agus as an t-sealladh.Fhuaii" Donncha bochd e feiu 'n aaonarach air raon lorn, fasail, gunfhios dha ciod an duthaich no anrioghachd anns an robh e. Shuidlie car greis ann am breislich iomadanachneo-umhaileach, a' suathadh ashul agus a' tachas a chinn ; chab' urrainn e 'inntinn a dheanamhsuas ciod a dheanadh e, no c' aite anrachadh e. <strong>An</strong>ns an dùiseal chianailud, CO a chunnaic e a' tighinn air aisd'a ioniisuidh, 'n a dheann-ruith, acha chaomh-charaid Oscar; oir ged ab' eiginn dha air gairm a mhaighistir,Donncha 'fhagail leis fein 'n a shuainfo fhasgadh na callaid, flir an dochaith iad an oidhche ann an asgailteaua cheile, bu choltiich gu 'n doghabh Oscar fath air a' cheud chothroma fhuair e gu teicheadh air aisgus far an d' fhag e a chompanach.01c no math a dh' fheudadh tighinn'n a dhàil, chuir Donncha roimhe,luath 's a bheireadh an cosan iad le'cheile, agus an aghaidhean a thoirtair monadh fiadhaich a bha 'sineadha mach i*is an aird-an-iar. Chadeachaidh iad da fhichead ceum tharan rathaid, gus am faca e an Sasunnacha' tilleadh air ais gun ad gunfhasgadh seann challaid; roinn e a'bhuilionn air Oscar, agus dhith iad angreim tioram gu caidreach le 'cheile. chota, le a bhata togta ri 'ghualainn.Air do Dhonncha 'bhi ro sgith, thuit Chriothnaich Donncha gu bonnaiblie gun dail ann an trom chodal, as a chos, fo eagal gu'n cuireadh annach do dhuisg e gus an robh a' ghrian Sasunnach, 'n a fheirg agus 'n abhruidealachd, na li-eanchainnean asfein agus à Oscar. A reir coslais,cha d' thug an Sasunnach an airedhoiVjh, ail' dha a bhi 'n a dheannruithagus a' sealltaiiin direachroimhe. Luidh Donncha sios fothoman fraoich, agus chrub Oscargu teann ri 'bhroilleach. Bha amfraoch cho fada's gu'n do chomhduiche iad le cheile; leiun an Sasunn-13
:194 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Fliogharaidli, 187acli tli;ir an ratliaid a dh-ionnsiiidlian aite 's an do cliuir Donnclia agusOscar an oidhche seachad, acli cbad' fhuair e ann ach nead fhalamh.Slieall e niu 'n cuairt, agus ghairm eair Oscar; chlisg Oscar, agns dlilutliaicliè ri broillcach Dlionncliai;cLunnaic Donnclia e 'tigliinn direacLan taobh a l)lia iad, 'aodann laiste lefeirg agus le ainilieal,le a bliata suasri'gliualainn. <strong>An</strong> uair a thainig e dluthdhoibli sheas e ;slieall e a null's auall, cliuir e a mlieoir 'n a pliluic, rinne fead-gldaice, agus blieuc e a mach"Oscar, glieo, ho I" ChriothnaichOscar, agus chru1) e ni 'bu dluithe ribroilleach Dhonuchai. BheireadhDonncha an saoglial, ged'bu leis e,airson gu 'n sluigeadh an talamli e."Gonadh agus droch comhdhail air,"arsa 'n Sasunnach ": Na 'm faighinngreini air dheanainn e fein agus anslaoightear beag, bradach daor aigI'ris sam bith. Cha 'n urrainn iada bhi ro fhada air falbli ; ar leamgii 'ra blieil mi 'g an cluinntinn."81ieas e 'n a thosd a dh' eisdeachdcar tiota, ach aig an dearbli mhionaidud thainig tuathauach air muiii eiclisuas ris, agus dh' fheoraich e dliethan do chain e a cliu] Tliuirt anSasunnach gu 'n do chaill, gu 'ndo ghoideadh e le biasd bhalaich achoinnich liu aii- an ratliad. Dh'iunis an tuathauach dha gu 'n dochoinnich e ri giullan agus cu 'n adheigh inu tliuaireani mile air adhart.beiun no buille, no na 'm faighte coireAir dlioibli a bhi mar so a' comhradh do'n cliairdeas cliaidreach a bha airri 'clieile, chaidh cu an tuathanaich altrum le Donnclia dha, bu leoir sudsuas gu uirigh Dhonnchai, chuir e a gu bhi a' gluasad Dhonnchai gushron air fein agus air Oscar, choc bogadh nan gad, ciod air bith choe 'earball, thug e cuairt no 'dha tinichioUfialaidh 's a bhiodhte ris fein.orra, a grunnsgail gu bagar-rach. Mu 'n d' fhag e iad bhuin e gumi-rahodhail ri Donncha, ach aireagal an drobhair, ghiulain Donnchagu foighidneach leis an oilbheum athug cu an tuathanaich dha. Choluath agus a cliuala an drobhair sgeulan tuathanaich mu'n ghiiillan agusmu 'n chu ghreas e air adhart gunsail a thoirt tliar a ghuala gus andeachaidh e as an t-sealladh.<strong>An</strong> uair a fhuair Donncha e feinagus Oscar aoii uair eile saor alamhan an drobhair, bha 'uchd air alionadh agus air a luasgadh le tomhasde sholas agus de thaingealachd, achuir gach cruaidhchas troiinh andeachaidh e riaiiih, as a chulmhne;agus cho luath 's a chaidh an Sasunnachas an t-sealladh dheirich e feinagus Oscar, tliog iad ris a' mhonadh,agus cha b' fhada gus an d' rainig iadgu tigh ciobair, far an d' fliuair earan agus meog air son a bhidhmaidne.Cha bu chuimhne leis gu 'ndo bhlais e riamh diota no urachadlicho mills no cho taitneach ; ach ocrachmar bha e fein, cha d' aicheidh e airOscar a roinn de 'n chreich.Tur aineolach air an duthaich armsan d' fhuair Donncha e fein a nis, 'n afhogarrach allabanach gun plieighinn'n a phoca, cha robh dad a b'fhearrna a' bhaigeireachd fo 'ailghios ;marsin bha e corr agus bliadhna a' dolmu 'n cuau-t o thigh gu tigh airfeadli nan tuathauach timchiollmonadli Ilerriot, a' fuireach, ma dh'fhaoidte, bho aon oidhche gw 'dha notri 'sheachdainean anus gach aite faleth a reir aii tomhais do chaoimhneasa gheibhte leis. Cha ghabhadhe gu dona tair no dimeas a dheanteair fein, ach far am faigheadh OscarDh' f huirich e mios no 'dha annan aite d' am b' ainni Deivar, far anrobh, na'ni b'fhioran sgeul, tannasgpiobaire a' tathaich ; chaidh am piobairea chur gu bas moran bhliadhnaclianroimh an am ud, agus airmhodh eigin a dh' fhuirich riamh 'na dhiombaireachd; agus b' ainmig
:Dara Mios an FlioJiar: AN GAIDHEAL. 195oiclhche aims a' bhliadhna nach robham piobaire air a cliluinntiun no aii*'fhaicinn le cuid-eigin timchioll antighe. Blia a leaba aig Donncha annan oisinn de 'n bha-thigli, agus bha eair a sliaruchadh gn h-eagalacli leis a'jihiobaire. Bhiodh e'g a cliluinutinngii trie a'sgriobadh am measg nantaobhan agus nan sailean, agusail- uairibh a' rocail mar gu 'm biodhneacli a' tilgeadh na h-aualacb, nomar mhart 'g a tachdadli anns annasg; ach fa dheii'eadli, air oidlichearaid cliunnaic e am piobaire ri atliaobh, ni a chuir a leithid deuamhas air a'sgu 'm b' eigin dha ant-aite 'fhagailj an deigh dha'bhi reioma latbaann an tinneasfialjhrusach.Bbeir sinn an sguel so ann ambriathraibh Dhonncha fliein, mar 'butrie a bha e air 'aitbris leis" Air feasgar araid, air dliomli abhi ag iomain cruidh gu mullacbWilh'iisiee, tbuit an oidlicbe ormmu 'n d' f buair mi air m' ais. Bhami a' smaointeachadh 's a' sraaointeachadhcho cruaidh-chridheach 's ablia e, am piobaire bochd a mharbhadli—atheanga 'ghearradh a mach asa bheul, agus a throimh-lotadh o'ntaobh-chuil. Smaointich mi nachb' iongantach ged a ghabhadh athannasg gu ro dhona e. <strong>An</strong>n ampriobadh na sul, thug mi fainearsohis air thoiseach orm. Shaoil migu 'n I'obh an t-slatag a bha 'n amhiimh ri theine, agus thilge mi aiifalbhi, ach chunnaic mi an solus,snamh gu h-athaiseach seachad aira'mo chois dheis agus a' dearrsadh airmo chulthaobh. Cha robh dad deeagal orm, agus thionndaidh mi mu 'ncuairt a shealltuinn air an t-solus,agus ciod a chunnaic mi ach ampiobaire 'n a sheasamh lamh riumair mo chulthaobh, agus air dhomhtionndadh mu 'n cuairt, sheall edireach 'n am aodann. Bha e coltachri corp mavbh ; ach cha d' fhuair miach plathadh dheth ; oil* ann an tiotadh' fhas gach ni mu 'n cuairt dhomhcho dorcha ri slochd! Dh' fheuchmi ri ruith, ach thuit mi 'n am ghlagail- an lar, luidh mi sios ann anseorsa de dhùiseal, cha'n fhios cia ch<strong>of</strong>ada's a bha mi'n am shineadh; achn uair a thainig mi thugam fein,dheii-ich mi agus dh' fheuch mi riruith, ach cha tugainn da clieumgun bhi 'n am shineadh a rithist.Cha robh mi ceud slat o'n tigh, agustha mi Ian cliinnteach gun d' fhuairmi corr agus ceud leagadh mu 'n d'rainig mi e. Air an la ar-n a'mhàireach bha mi ann an ard f hiabhrus;rinn na searbhantan leaba aii'mo shon ann an oisinn de 'n Chidsin,far an ro1)h mi 'n am luidhe remhoran laithean, a' fulang gachoidhche fo eagal agus fo iiamhas, a'sior shaoilsinn gu 'n robli an piobairea' cromadh tharam aii- an aon taobhno air an taobh eile. Cho luathagus a fhuair mi comus gluasaid dh'fhag mi Dewar; ach fada na dheighsud, cha b' urrainn dhomh codal amaouar 's an oidhche, no fuireach r<strong>of</strong>hada leain fhein eadhon re anlatha."(i?/ leant tii/m.)MuiLEACH.LITIPt O RUNASDACH.A GhzVidheil Buxaich,^—Cha 'n'eil feum ann a bhi 'toirt seachadleisgeulan aii* son a bhi cho fada gunsgriobhadh g' ur n-ionnsaidh. Thabarail agaibh fhein air an aobharcheana, a's cha 'n eil buannachd annan tuilleadh a radh. <strong>An</strong> uair athoisich mi air sgi-iobhadh thugaibha thaobh seann chleachdan agussaobh-bharaileau a bha, aig aon am,coitchionn'n ar measg, bha a runorm litir a chur g' ur n-ionnsaidhgach mios, oir cha deachaidh ach glebheag dhiubh a thoirt a lathairfhathast; a's tha iad airidh air ancumail air chuimhne, mar nithe abhuineas do 'n aimsii* a bha. Sgriobh
lOG AX GAIDHEAL. Daia Mios an Flingharaidh, 1873.mi litir g' ur n-ionnsaidh air son nah-aireamh mu clheii'eadh, a' toirtiomraidh air na cleasan agus nagnatlian leis am b' abhaist do naGaidhoil an oidhcbe fliada, gheamliraidlia cliur seachad ; acli bha anlitir tuilleadh's fada air dlieireadli,a's cba do cluiir mi air falbh i.<strong>An</strong>uair a tliainig an Gaidhical a steachchunna mi nacb robh feum a curtbugaibb idii*, do blirigli 's gu 'nd' tbug Abrach cunntas seachad aira' cheart ni. <strong>An</strong>n an aite na litreachsin a chur tlmgaibb, air eagal gu 'mbiodhraaid a reir aogais " am bad aclieile," a's cha 'n ann " ri guaillibha cheile," bheir mi dhuibli sgeulacbdblieag no dha a tha 'nocbdadh cuidde na nithe a bha aon uair air ancreidsinn. Tha mi ro thoilichte'f liaicinn gu 'm bheil Triath He, anCaimbeulach smearail, air cuid d' anstoi- mhor a tha aige a thoirt alatliair—Buaidh a's piseacli air ! Ismor a' chomain fo 'm bheil e air gachaon aig am bheil tlachd do 'n chanaiuaosda, a chur. Cha'n'eil iad achtearc a chruinnich ri 'cheile a'choiinhlionrann agus sgeul 's a thionailesan. Chuireadh e comain a bumhomha aii* a luchd-duthcha, na'noidhirpicheadh e air an teagasg noan fhirinn a tha 'n a laidhe aig steidhnan sgeulachdan a chomharachadh amacli ; oil- tha mi 's an Ian bheachdgu 'm bheil aobhar sonruichte aiggach sgeul— gu 'm bheil iad aonachuid 'n an doigh bhai'dail air teagasgeigiu a thoirt seachad, no gniouiharaidh a chumail air chuinihne. Thamoran diubh'n am mineachadh aiinithenadurra, a's cuid diubh air antoirt mar reuson air son coslais agusdealbh na duthcha. Tha na sgeulachdanso cho ceangailte ris na h-ainineauaig aitean a's gu 'm bheil e neochomasachan t-aium a thuigsinngun eolas a bin aig neach air ansgeul. Tha a sgeul fein am bitheantasaig gach cnoc, aig gach gleann,agus aig gach staca. Tha luchdleughaidha' Ghaidheil uile eolachair an doigh anns an deachaidh callna luinge Spainntich a chumail airchuimhne, ann an sgeulachdan nanGaidheal. Tha an sgeul sin air 'innseadhcho snasmhor leis an OllamhMac-Leoid, a's gu'm bheil mi beach d-aidh nach ann aon uaii* a bha e air aleughadh leis gach Gaidheal. Thaan sgeul so a' leigeil ris an rathadanns am bheil, aig moran de nah-ursgeulan faoin a bha air an innseadhan uair a chruinnicheadh muinntirair cheilidh, an steidh ann amfirinn. So agaibh sgeul a bha air aIan chreidsinn aon iiaii' am measgnan seann daoine.Tha loch aillidh ann an aon deeileanan na Gaidhealtachd. O'nloch so tha sruthan a' ruith achum na mara ; a's ged nach 'eileas no bacadh air bith 's an rathadtha e air aithris nach 'eil bradan ri'fhaotainn air an t-sruthau sin. <strong>An</strong>is cha 'n 'eilteagamh again nach 'eilso fior; a's ma tha e fior, feumaidligu 'in bheil aobhar eigin ann anNadur air a shon; ach so agaibh ant-aobhar a thug na seann sgeulachdanseachad a thaobh na cuise. Bha,latha araidh, duine ag iasgach air ant-sruthan sin. Thug e nine fhadaair iomairt na slaite a's air siapadhna cuileige, ach iasg cha d' thug jilub,agus ceann cha do ghlac e. Mudheireadh thainig seann duine coii'far an robh an t-iasgair. Bha anduine comharraichte air son maldachda ghnuise agus suairceis 'aogais. Cobha's an fhear-thurais ach Calumcille,a bha aig an am air chuairtanns na cearnaibh sin a' searmonachadhan t-soisgeil. Chuir e failte lemodh duin'-uasail air an iasgaii-. <strong>An</strong>deigh dhoibh a bhi greis a' seanchas,dh' iarr Calum-cille air an iasgair a'chiad bheathach a ghlacadh e. Gheallan t-iasgair sin a dheanamh. Chabu luaith' a thug e an gealladh na
;Dara Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. A.N GAIDHEAL. 197ghlac e bradan ciatach. <strong>An</strong> uair achunnaic e cho eii-eachdail 's a bliaan t-iasg a thug e air tir, ghabh eaitlireachas d' an ghealladh a thug edo n choigreach, a's thuh-t e ris,"Gleidkidh mi am fear so, a's gheoblithu an atli aon a glilacas mi.""Bitheadh e mar shin," arsa Calum,a's ann am priobadh im sul' bhabradan moran na bu mhomha na'chiad fliear aige aii- ghiuran. Arithisd thug sglamhaireachd agussannt air a ghealhidh a bhristeadh;" Bheir mi dhuit," ars esan, " an athiasg' a gheobh mi." " Bitheadh emar sinn," arsa Calum. <strong>An</strong>n an uiueghearr bha bradan tar-gheal, fada nabu mhomha agus na b'fheaiT na'nditliis eile, aige air a dhubhan.Thug e gu tir e, agus fhuair sannta' bhuaidh an treas uair air an iasgairagus a rithisd dli' fhailnich e 'n afhacal. Las corruicli Chaluimmhallaich e an t-uisge, agus o'n lathasin gus a so cha deachaidh bradan athoirt gu tir air bruaich uaine ant-sruthain so. Tha e soilleir do gachaon nach 'eil an sgeul so fior, achgidheadh, tha e 'n a dhoigh bhai'dailair ni uadiuTa a chumail air chuimhne,a's tha e aig a' cheart am a' toh-tseachad leasan moralta ro mhath;tha e 'leigeil ris cho graineil 's a thaceilg ann an gnothuichean ; a' foillseachadhcho taireil 's a tha sgLanihaireachdagus samit, agus a' teagasggu 'm pill ceilg, breugan, carachdann a tha ag aicheadh gu 'u d' thugna Gaidheil aoradh, aig am air bith,agus hibachd shnagach le dioghaltas do ni no neach ach dhasau d' andubailte air cinn na dream a chleachdasdlighe aoradh : their iad gur tuaileasiad. Cha 'n 'eil teagamh agam a tha ah- a chur orra an uair a their-nach teagaisgeadh sgeul d' an t-seorsa ear mu 'n deibhinn, gu 'n robh iad a'so do shluagh aineolach na b' fhearr toirt aoraidh do £hàì no do 'n ghrein.na ma dh' fhaoite iomadh searmoin, Tha iadsan a tha de 'n bharail so agcho feumail 's a tha e an fhiriun a radh nach 'eil na facail, "Bealltainn"labhairt aig gach am, a's gach gealladh— Bàl-teine, agus "miorbhuil"—mewradh.a bheirear seachad a choimhlion-Tha e, mar a tha 'f hios agaibh 'n asgeula cumanta gu 'n do chuir Paruigan ruaig air na nathraichean a tir nah-Eù'ionn. Tha e so-thuigsinn dogach neach nach 'eil an sgeul sinfior ann an seadh litreachail, achfaodaidh e bhi fior gu leoir annan rathad eile ; oil", tha sar fhirinuail- a cur an ceill anns an sgeulma 's e 's gu 'n robh e fior gu 'nrobh na Gaidheil aon uair a' toii'taoraidh do 'n nathair. Ma tha e fior,mar tha cuid dhiubhsan a tha 'toirtaire do sheana cleachdainnean aginnseadli dhuinn, gu 'n robh nathairaoradhair a chleachdainn am measgnan Ceilteachj an siu tha e da-rireadhfior gu 'n do chuii- Paruig ruaigair na nathraichean ti'id toirt a steachna h-aidmheil' Ciiosdaidh. Cha 'n 'eilaon air bith nach cuala mu dheibhinnna h-altarach a fhuaradh o chionnbeagan nine dluth aii- Loch-nan-eala,ann an sealladh tri binneineanChruachain—Ban-righ nam beann.Tha an altair so, ma 's fhior; air dealbhnathair mhoir, agus tha iad ann atha tarruing uaith so gu 'u robh aoradhair a thoirt do 'n bhiasd shnagaichle ar n-athraichean anns nalinutean fada-thall. Ma 's e agusgu bheil so fior, oir cha 'n eil mi dola thoh't barair a thaobh na cuise,tha e soilleir mar a chuir Paruig anruaig ail- na nathraichean — trid abhi 'n a mheadhon air creideamh ab' fheaiT agus eolas a b' aiixle a thoiita steach do 'n duthaich. Tha cuidBhcdl, a'dearbhadh ni air bith, oir,gur e "Beuil," 's e sin heatha-uile, ant-ainm leis an do chomhari-aich naGaidheil a mach an Ti ud a's eC"'^ghdar gach ni. Tha iadsan a tha
;IDS AN GAIDHEAL. Dni-a .Mios an Fhoghaviiiilli, 1871(V an bharail so a' faicinn, eadhonaims na h-altairean \\d, mar a thaan altair faisg air an Oban, dearbhadhclia 'n ann air iodhal-aoradh,ach air an fliior aoradh. Tha nali altairean so do ghnath air amfaotainn ann an sealladli beinneeigin, aig am bheil tri barranna nobinneinean ; agxis tlia a' cliuid d' analtair air an robh an iobaii't air atairgseadli air mullacli cinn nanathrach. Tha a' bheinn, deir iad, 'na samhladh air an Trianaid bheannaichte— 'n a triuir, acli fhathast 'n ah-aon; agns an altair air ceann nanathrach a' leigeil ris na bnaidh' abha ri bhi air a toirt leis an Ti ud ab'e ''Siol na mnatha a bhruth ceann nanathrach." Cha'n'eil teagamli nachrobh cuid de fhirinn air a measgadhleis gach seorsa saobh-chreidimh agusiodhal-aoraidh ;agns bhitheadh e 'iia chuspair gle fhreagarrach do chuidde na h-ard-Kgoilearan gknista a tha'deanamh comhuaidh leibh, oidheirpa thoirt air solus a chur aireachdraidh bharailean agns ceiidchreideamlinan Gaidheal.Bheir mi nis seachad sgeid beageile trid an d' thug na seann daoineoidheiip air ni ann an Nadur amhineachadh. Tha eilean beag'n alaidhe faisg air corsa aon de eileananmora Innse-Gall, anns am bheil eair a radh, nach than nathair beo.Cha 'n 'eil fhios agam am bheil s<strong>of</strong>ior, ach tha gu leoir de nathraicheanniraheil anns an eilein mhor. A nis,tha a' cheart ni air a radh do thaobhEirinn. So agaibh an seol air an domhinich na seann sgeulachdan a'chuis. Tha e air a radh gm- e mirde dh-Eirinn a tha 's an eilean bheag—gu 'n robh air maduinn Shandiraidharaidh, anns na liniitean ud anus anrobh famhairean ag aiteachadh nancearna so, aon de mhnathan-uaislenan curaidhean uamhasach sin a'miannachadh sgriob a thoirt a nail aEirinn do dh-Albainn. <strong>An</strong>n an aitedol air bord luinge no bata, chuir itruisealadh oirre fein a's ghabh i nailtroimli liune bhuaireasaich nambeuchd, mar gu 'm biodh neach a' dolthar aite tana na h-aibhiie. <strong>An</strong> uaira bha i'tarruing dluth air cladaicheanna h-Alba leig i sios an truisealadha bha oirre; agus'd è a bha ach aut-eileaii beag aice ann an luib a sgiortgun fhios aice air, ged a tha mu dhachota-baii fearainn ann. Thuit ant-eilean au sud, agus an sud tha efhathast. Tha cuimhue agam aonuair a bhi 'labhairt ri seann duiuecoir a bha a' Ian chreidsiiin an sgeoilso. Dh'oidheirpich mi air a dhearbhadhdha cho tin- an aghaidh uaduir 'sa bha an ni. Cha rachadh agam aira chur as a bheachd fein aon lideagus thar leam gu 'm blieil mi a'faicinn fhathast mar a las suil auduine choir le Ian bhuaidh, an uair achuir e ceisd rium a bha e lau chiiinteacha thilgeadh bun os cionu momhi - clu'eideamh anns an sgeul."Ciamar, mata," ars esan, "a mhinicheastu a' chuis nach fan nathairbeo an Eirinn, agus nach momha dh'fhanas aon beo anus an eilean so?"Cha d' thnirt mi fhein diog, oir bha'fhios agam gu math ged a dhearbhastu ni an aghaidh a thoile air neach,gu 'm bi e gun chaochladh bharail 'na dheigh sud uile. Is iomadh uairuaith sill a smaointich mi gu 'n robhreusonachadh an duine choir a cheartacho diongmholta ris a' cho-dhunadha chum am bheil daoine foglilumta a'teachd a thaobh iomadh aon de naceisdeaii deacair ud a tha an comlinuidha' teachd far comhair; oir,ged a ni sinn gaire fochaide aircreideamh an t-seaiiu duine mar niamaideach, agus a dh'ardaicheas sinnbeaclidan nan teallsanach leis nah-ainmcan, foghlum, agus ealainn,tha cuid dhiubh a cheart cho gorachri naidhcachd an eilein. Cha 'n 'eilach bliadhna no dha o 'n thug aon cieluchd-teagaisg Oilthigh Ghlaschu
Dara Alios an Fho^-'haraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 199seactiad barail a thaobli na doiglieann.s an d' thaiiiig beatha a dh-iouiisaidhan t-saoghail so agaiinie air tusa blia mile naiv na bu nilii-choltaichena 'n sgeul mu 'n lAan-fbamhair; oirgoi-ach agns mar 'tba a' bbarail, bhae a clieart cho daicbeil gn 'n d' thugise an t-eilean 'n a h-uchd agus gii 'nd' thainig sioga do nin seanair Adliaimha chum an t-saoghail so air tusmar dhaol, an crochadh ri s})itheigbhig a bha air a siapadh o shaoghaleigiu eile a chaidh 'n a bhloighdeanamis an iarmailt. Chaidh fuadachair barailean faoin nan Gaidheal,ach cuin a threigeas na teallsanaicham beachdan amaideach 's a shiubhlasiad anns an t-solus fhior a tha'dearrsadh o ghrein nn aigh"? Slanleibh!— Is mi, le gach durachd, bhurcaraid dilcas,Glaschu, 20 mh laRunasdach.cle Threas Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1873.MU NA SEANNXIII.GIIAIDIIEIL.LINN OISEIN AGUS NA FEINNE.A reir an riaghlaidh a bha ammeasg nan Gaidheal bha comas aignaciiin-f lieadhna an lagh a chur angniomh ach b' iad na Drnidhnich naLagh-thabhartaireau. Air nairibhchuireadh iad lachd-riaghlaidh air(^hois agus bheii'eadh iad dhoibh pairtde 'n ughdarras aca feiii ; bheireadhiad doibh mai" an ceudua tiodal noaiimi Righ; ach ged a bhiodh ant-aimn liigli aig' an hichd-i'iaghlaidh,bhiodh cumhachd an Eigli aig naDrnidhnich. 'N uair a thigeadhcogadh no teimi sam bith air an tii-,thaghadh na Drnidhnich fear a bhiodh'n a ard-cheaniiard air na cinn f headhnaeile. Theireadh iad " Fear-gxibreth"mar ainm ris an neach so. Isann o'n f hocal so a thug lulius Ctesaran t-aium •' Verguhretus " mn 'in bheile ag iomradh anns an eachdraidh asgriobh e air cogadh Ghàl. 'N uaira sguireadh an cogadh leigeadh amFear-gu-breth sios a chumhachd,agus an rioghalachd. Bha an t-iighdarrasso fada ami an lainih nanDruidhneach. Is ann mu thoiseachna Dara Luiiie, A.D. 100, a thainigiad gu bhi caU an cumhachd. B'abhaist do chlainn nan ai-d-uaisleaiia bhi ag ionnsachadh an cuid foghluinio na Drnidhnich, ach o'n athoisich an cogadh ris na Romanaichcha robh nine aca ri sheachnadh gufantninn ri foghlum fhaotainn. Achuid 's a chuid bha na Drnidhnicha' call am meas. Kachadh am Fecu--gu-hreth a thaghadh as cugmhais anaonta, agus air uairibh an aghaidhan toile. Aus an uair a chosiiadh eughdarras agus cumhachd am measgnan ceann-feadhna eile dh' f hanadh e's an dreuchd an deigh do'n chogadhsgnr, agus chumadh e aige fein maroighi-eachd an ni a f huair e air tusle roghainn chaich.Is cosmhuil gur h-aiui mar so abha a'chuis'n uair a roghnaich naDrnidhnich Garmul mac Thairne 'n aFliear-gu-breth. Ghleidli Ti'eunmor,sinn-seanathair Fhinn an dreuchd soleis an laimh laidir; agus i-igbichTi'athul, a mhac 'n a aite. ThainigGarnuil a dh-ionnsuidh Thrathul,agus dh'iarr e air, ann an ainm nanDruidhneach, an rioghachd a thoirtdha fein.Dhiult Trathnl so a dheanamhagus mar sin dh' eirich cogadheadar e fein agus na Drnidhnich,agus b'e an deii-eadh gu 'u do sgriosadhna Drnidhnich ach beag guh-iomlan mu 'n do sguir an cogadh.Am beagan a dh' f huirich beo dhiubhtheich iad do chuiltibh agns do choilltibliuaighneach, agns dh' f has iadfuathmhor do 'n rioghachd uile.Cha 'n ioghnadh ma ta ged a robhfnath aig Oisean do na Druidhnichmar a bha aig 'athair, Fionn, agnsagus aig a sheannathair Cnndial,amis a shinn-seanathair Tiathal, a
200 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873.cliionn gun robh iad a' cur an aghaidhan teaghlaich so a dli' fliadtaiini nariog-hachd. Feudaidh e bhi gur h-eS(j aon de ua h-aobharaii air sou amblieil Oisean a' deanamh clio beagluaidh air diadhaclid 'n a chuid dhan,seach mar tlia bàird nan dutlicliannaneile a' deanamh. A reir cc^slais bliaOisean beo anns an linn an deigli dona Druidhnich a bhi air an cur f(jdha,agus mu 'n d' thainig an CreideamhCi-iosduidli a stigh do 'n Ghaidhealtachd.Oir cha 'n 'eil e deanamhluaidh air aon sam bitli de na gi-athannaibhaig na Criosduidhibh. Achcha 'n 'eil fior chinnte cuin a thainigan Sfjisgeul am measg nan Gaidheal.Tlia cuid a' smuaineachadh gur anu rilinn na geur leanmhuinn a riimeadhle Dlodesian air pobuU Chi'iosd 's a'bhliadhna 303, a thainig an creideamhair tus do thaobh tuath Bhreatuiini,'n uair a bha na Criosduidheau a'faotainn fasgaidh an sin o'n gheurleanmhuinn.Is cosmhuil gu 'n dog-habh na naomh-theachdairean sotamh anns na Cuiltibh uaigneach abha aig na Di'uidhnich roimhe sin 'nuair a theich iad o ghnuis Thrathuilmhic Threunmhoir, agus gur h-anno 'n ni so a f liuair iad an t-ainm''•Cuilticlt." Tha e air aithris gunrobli connspoid aig Oisean ri feardhiu so 'n a sheau aois. Matha sinn lior dh' f heumadh gu 'n robhOisean ann mu dheireadh na treasagus mu thoiseach 7ia ceathrandiliinic.<strong>An</strong>n an aon de dhtinaibh Oisein,Dan Chaomh-mhala, tha iomi'adh aircath a clmr Fionn aim an laithibhòige ri Carucul, ais an abrar, " MacRigh an Domhain." A reir na h-uilecoslais b'e am fear ud Cai-acdllamac an Impire Romanaich, Severus.<strong>An</strong>ns a' bhliadhna 210, phill Severuso'n Chatli-thurus air an deachaidh ean aghaidh nan Cahdonach 'n uair arainig e gu tuath cho fada ris a'Chaol Mhuireach. Dh' fhas e tinnaig Baile York an ceanu Deas Bhreatuinn;ghabh na Caledoiiaicli agusna Magli-aitich niisneach an sin, agusghlac iad an cuid arm gu cogadh anaghaidh nau Romanach. ChualaSeverus mu thhnchiol so agus dh'àithu e d' a mhac Caracalla imeachdan aghaidh nan Caledonach gus ansgrios gu tur. Chaidh Caracalla aira thurus ach cha d' liuu e iarrtus'athar a choilionadh, oir bha fiughairaige gu 'm faigheadh 'athair am basagus gu 'n glacadh e fein an Impireachd.Air an aobhar sin bha edealbh innleachdanairson a bhrathar,Geta a chur as a sheilbh. Cha buluaithe bha a chas air criochaibh nanCaledonach ua chuala e gu'u d' f huairan t-Impire Severus, 'athair bas.Rinn e an sin sith a nasgadh guh-obunn ris na Caledonaich agus thuge air ais doibh an tir a thug 'athairuatha a reir mar tha Dion Cassius agradh. Tha Oisean a' deanamh iomradhair cath a chuireadh aig abhainnChai'uiiui, oir tha Fionn ag aithneadhdo na baird "Togaibh gu h-ard auiblar aig Carunn; theich Caracul 's ashluagh o m' laiun." Cha 'n 'eilteagamh nacli e au Caracul, lis anrobh Fionn a' cogadh, Caracalla macan Impire Severus, ris am maith adh' fhaoidteadh " Righ an Domhain"a radh. Cha 'n 'eil nine cho fadaeadar a' bhliadluia A.D. 211, 'n uairf huair Severus bas, agus toiseach naceathramh linne, 's uach faodadhOisean mac Fhinn na ceud TheachdaireanCriosduidh fhaicinn an deighan ioma-ruagadh le Dioclcsian thairisair criochaibh Imiiireachd na Roimhegu tir bheaimtail nan Caledonach.Oir dh' f haodadh Fionn a bhi cogadhri Caracalla 'u uair a bha e 'n a ghilleog mu 'n do phos e mathair Oisein,agus tha e soilleir gur ami 'n asheann aois a bha Oisean a' cur licheile nan dan, 'n uair a dh' f hagadhe 'n a aonar au deigh na Feinne, 'n asheanu duine bochd, dall, brouach.
;—:—;Dara Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 201A reir gach coslais, ma thachair anni idir, is arm nig an am sin a bhaan comhradli eadar Oiseaii agus fearde na teachdairibh Criosdaidh no dena Cuildicli, ris am bheil e ag radh" aouaraii liatli nan creag."ORAN.D. B. B.Trath a rugadh mac-oig-hre doMhoraire Gilleasbuig, dara macDluiic Eai-raghaidheal cliaidh fiosa chur gu lonar-aora leis an " sgeiildhealan."Bho 'n a b'e MoraireGilleasbniga bu Chaiptin air a' Cheatharua-shaor-thoilaig' lonar-aora ;rinu a Cheatliarna gairdeachas ris ansg'eul a chhiimitinn, ag'iis chuir iadan ordugh gn 'mbitlieadh fleagh agnssubhaclias aca, a chnm urram a chnrair an Caiptin; agus chaidh iarraidhmar ghean-math air oranaiche a bha's a' chnideachd, e a chnr an ordnghduanag gn a seinn amis a' chnideachdair son tnilleadh cridhealais. Rinnan t-oranaiche an duanag a leanas:SEISD.Thainiij sgenl o thir nan Gall,A thog aoibhneas feadh nan Glcann;Sheiun na h-eoin air hharr nan geiig,'S bha mire-hum aig feidh na'm beann.Mar aiteal grein' o àird nan spetir,Thainig an " sgeul-dhealan" le speid,Ag radh gu 'n d'rugadh oighre (')glarmad Cliailein-mhùir a bh' ann.Thainig sgeul, d-c.Faillean ùg ri craobli nam buadh,A' chraobb a sheas gach teas a's fuachd;A's mar a b' aosda 'bha i 'fas,Bu mho a bL\th gu aird nan crann.Thainig sgenl, d-c.B' i aud a' chraobh a thrus na meoir,Thair gach craoibh anus an Roimi-Eorp';Tha 'h-urram ard an cùirt nan Righ,'tj f huair i 'brigh an tir nam beann.Thainig sgeul, d-c.Tha 'n t-oighre òg de shbochd nan Lèogh 'nn,A sheas Albaiun riamh 's gach coir ;Siol Dhiarmaid a's Righ Raibeart cruaidh.'Thug iomadh buaidh le cruadh's an laun.Thainig sgeul, Xx'.'N uair a chuala sinn an sgeul,Las an f huil 's a' h-uile fèith,Shuidh na Saor-thoilich gu fèisdA's 'n a dheigh bha ceòl a's danns'.Thainig sgeul,
L.di:chasliè()2 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara MIos an Fliogharaidh, is:GED THA MI GUN CHRODH GUN AIGHEAN.:rf::!EaE3^iga^Ì3*=3^z-M:dIr : m di :- . t11:-. sIm : d | m.r : d |: i^EÌEi^d|d:d r : mII: m r:-.dINote.—The melody <strong>of</strong> this song bears a very strong resemblance, amountingindeed to complete identity in some <strong>of</strong> its jjlirases, to a song attributed to aMr. Covert, a living American composer, entitled Javiie^s on the storwy sea.—J. W.Seisd— Ged tha mi gun clirodh (jun aighean,Oun chrodh-laoigh gun chaorakhagam ;Ged tha mi gun chrodh gun aighean,Gheohh mifhathast oigear grinn.Fhir a dh' imicheas tbar chxiantan,Giidain mile beannachd uamsa,Dh' ionnsaidh oigeir a' chuil dualaich,Ged nach d' f luiair mi e dhomh f bin.Fhir a dh' imicheas am bealach,Giulain iiamsa mile beannachd;'S faod 's tu innseadh do mo leannan,Gu 'm beil mi 'm laidhe so leam f bin.'Fhleasgaich thainig nail ti Suaineart,Bu tu fhein an sar dhuin-uasal;Gheobhainn cadal leat gun chluasaig,Air cho fuar 's g' am biodh an oidhch'.Ged nach 'eil mo spreidh air lointean,Mo chrodh no mo chaoraich bhoidheach,Bheirinn tochar dhuit an ordugh,Cho math ri te og 's an tir.d;Ged tha mi gun chrodh gun chaoraich,Cha 'n 'eil mi gun mhaise 'm aodann ;Dh' f hithinn breacan a bhiodh caol dhuit,'S dheanainn aodach a bhiodh grinn.Och ! teid mi thun na faidhreach ;Cha bhi fearail)h og'g am fhoighneachd;'8 ann a chaill iad uile sgoinn diom,'S cha bhi foighneachd air bo-laoigh.Naile! 's mise tha fo mhulad,A's mi 'tamh 's an t-seomar mhullaich ;<strong>An</strong> leannan bh' agamsa an uiridh,'S ann tha'n diugh rium cul a chinn.Naile ! 's mise th' air mo leonadh,Mu oigear a' chuil bhachlaich, bhoidhich;Gur e sud an sgeul a leon mi,Tlui bhi 'giulan cot' an Righ.Naile ! 's mis' tha dubhach, deurach,'N seomar ard a' fuaigheal leine ;Chaidh mo leannan gu Jamaica,'vS ciod am feum dhomh bhi 'g a chaoidh?*MAC AN TUATHANAICH ALBANNAICH, A GHOID EACH, AG USNIGHEAN AN EASBUIG, AGUS AN T-EASBUIG FHEIN.(Bho Sgeulachdan Gaidhealach Le I. F. Gaimheul.)Bha triuir mhac aig tuathaiiach Albannach.'N uair a thainig am fear a b' oigedhiubhgu aoise'dhol ri ceaird, chuir echeud marg mu choinnimh gach aontiidhiubh. Dh' iarr am fear a b' oige achuid d'a fhein, gu 'n robh e 'falbh adheanamh 'fhortaiu. Thug e baile morLunnuin air. Bha e greis ann an sin agionnsachadh a bhi 'n aghille duinc nasail.Chuir e forthas mu dhcireadh c' aite amfaigheadh e maighistir. Chuala e gu 'nrobh gille a dhith air Probhaist Lunnuin.Rainig e e, chord iad, 'us rinn e muinutireasaige. Bha am Probhaist a' dol nah-uile la 's
''''''';'' Tha''Oara iJios an I'liogharaidh, ISTS AN GAiiDHEAL. 20aEasbuig, le 'ur cead, a mhaigliistir.""Seadh, a laocliain," ars' a mhaighistir,"tlia an t-each is f hearr 'an Lunnuin aige."" Saoil mi," ars' an gille, " ciod e ghabhadhe air an each na 'n reiceadh e e. " Uh,ainadain," ars' a mliaiglistir, " shaoil learngiir balacli ceart a bh' annad, is iomadhfear a dh' f bench ris an each ud a cheannach'us dh' fhairtlich orra fhathasd."'' Tillidh niise 'ns feuchaidh mi ris, " ars'sin, 'us mo cheann riut gu 'n goid mi e."'Is bargan e, " ars' an t-Easbuig. Thoiran aire, "ars' esan, "tha mi cur mo chinnagus am jjunnd riut, agus mu ghoideasmise e, is e mo chuid fein a bhitheas ann.""Bithidh e mar sin cinnteach," ars' amProbhaist. "Tha mi ag aontachadh risin," ars' an' t-Easbuig. Chaidh iad dathighan oidhche sin. " (ihille bhochd,"ars' a mhaighistir ris air an rathad, " bliathu cordadli gu maith rium on fhuair mithu. Tha mi duilich do chall a nis. Thathu amaideach.Bheir an t-Easbuig anaire nach goid thusa no fear eile an t-each ;cumaidh e faire air," Dh' f halbh an gille'n uair thainig an oidhche 'us ghabh e airchaidh e gu tigh an Easljuig; fhuair emach gun robh an t-each stigh ann anseomar aige, agus daoine ann an sin 'g achaithris ag ith 'us ag ol. Sheall gille aProbhaist timchioU air 'us smuanaich eeu'm feumadh e fear tapaidh eile fhaighmncomhluadh ris. Suil d' an d' thug eiiaith, chunnaic e fear a bhitheadh ri crondaonnan feadh a bhaile. Ma theid thucomhluadh riumsa, "ars' esa', ' 'beagan nine,bheir mi rud eigin duit airson do shaotlirach."" Ni mi sin," ars' am fear eile.Dh' f halbh esan 'us air a cheud dol a mach" rainig e f hein 'us an gille a fhuair e ancrochadair, a bha 's a' bhaile, "<strong>An</strong> urrainnthu innseadh dhomhsa," ars' esan, "c' aiteam faigh mi duine marbh";'" "Is urrainn,"ars' an crochadair, " chaidh duine achrochadh an diugh fhein an deighniheadhoin latha." "Ma theid thu 'usgii 'm faigh mise e,"ars' esa, "bheir mi rudeigin duit." Dh'f halbh e leis 'us rainigiad an corp. "<strong>An</strong> aitlme dhuit a nis,"ars' esan, " c' aite am faigh mi ball morfada, laidir?" "Is aithne dhomh sin,"ars' an crochadair, ' ' tha am ball a chrochesan. Thill a mhaighistir comhliiadh risa dh'fhaicinn. Is ami air Diardaoine a an duine an so goireasach dhuit 'us gheildia thachair so. Thubhairt an gille ris an thu e." Dh' f halbh e leis, e fhein 'us anEasbuig, an reiceadh e an t-each. Ghabli gille eile a fhuair e, 'us thug iad leo e.an t-Easlmig ardan'us miothlachd, us charol>h tiuthar aige gii'n ceannaicheadh esanChaidh iad gu tigh an Easbuig.airt e ris a' ghille 'n uair a rainigThubh-e, ' ' fuiriche. " Mata ciod e am beathach bhitheadhthusa an sin 'us thoir an aire da so,agadsa no aig duine eile nach fhaodar a ach an d' theisd mise suas air mullach ancheaunach," ars' an gille? " Bhuraidh tighe." Dh' f huirich an gille, 'us chaidhgun tur," ars' an t-Easbuig, "tha thu esan suas air mullach an tighe. Chuir eamaideach : rach dhathigh, cha cheannaich bheul 'us a chluas ris an tsiomalair achthu m' eachsa." " Ciod e an geall a am faigheadh e mach c' aite an robh nachuireas tu," ars' an gille, " nach bi e daoine, agus bruidhinn labhar aca leisagamsa an"dar-sa maii-each?" 'N e m' an ol. Fhuair ^ mach far an robh iad.eachsa bhitheas agad '!" ars' an t-Easbuig. " Cuir am ball," ars' esan, " timchioll air" Is e d' eachsa bhitheas agam," ars' esan, amhaich an duine mhairbh, 'us tilg anciod e an geall a chuireas tu rium nach ceaim eile aig ormsa." Shlaod e an duinegold mi e?" " Cuiridh mi coig ceud marg marbh leis gu mullach an tsiomalair.riut,"ars'an t-Easbuig, "nach dean thu Bha na daoine bha 's an t-seomar a' faireachduinnsin," " Mata, " ars' an gille, " cha-n 'eilna bha de shalachar 's an t-agamsa ach aon phunnd, ach cuiridh mi siomalair a tuiteam. Bha esan a leigeadlileis 's a leigeadh leis an dhuine mharbhgus am faca e nni dheireadh an solusbreagh bha aig luchd na faire' tighinn aircosaibh an duine mhairbh. "Faicibh,"'ars' iadsan , ' ciod e tha so. "'Oh,am meirleach Albannach," ars' iadsan,"nach e thug an oidheirp ! B' f hearrleis a bheatha chall mar so na acheann bhi aig an Easbuig; an ionnsuidhthug e air f hein "! Leis an t-siomalairthainig an gille le cabhaig. Am meadhonnan daoine liha e a stigh, 'us mar thainigan t-each mach air an dorus b'e a' cheudlamli bha 'an srian an eich, esan. Dh'f halbh e leis an each 'n a stabull 'us tliuirte riu gu 'm feudadh iad nis dhol a chodal,'gu 'n robh iad sabhailt gu leor. ' Tha micreidsinn," ars' esan ris a' ghille eile, "gubheil thu 'n ad ghille tapaidh, bi aig lamhan ath oidhche 'us chi mi ris thu."Phaighe an gille, 'us bha an gille ro thoilichte.Dh'f halbh esan dhathigh gu. stalnill amhaighistir le each donn an Easbuig.Ghabh e mu thamh 'us ge bu mhoch athainig an la bu mhoiche a thainig amhaighistir gu dorus an stabuill. Chabu ghearan learn mo shaothair na 'm bitheadhm' Alliannach bochd romhan an so'an diugh. " mi ami a' so, a mhaighistir,mhaith," ars' esan, "agus each donnan Easbuig agam." "Ud, a laochain, a
' Tha'''"'"'cuig ceud marg a thug'nochd ? gnothuch mor, sonraichtc, ' a dh' othail 'us a dh' amaideachd a dheanamh."" Gabhaidh sibh mo leithsgeul,"ars' an duine uasal, "Alljannach mosach201 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873.ghille thapaidh," ars' a nihaighstir an teaghlaich rioghail air. Dh' f harraid" Ijlia meas agam ort roiinlie, acli tha e dhiubh an robh dad de dheiseachannicas mor a nis agam ort." Rinn iad deas aca do uaislibh mora. "Cha 'nreidh an la so rls dhol a clioinneachadh 'eil," ars' an taillear, "ach deise a th'an Easbuig'iis b' e so Di-liaoiiic. " Nis," againu do nighean an righ, agus tear.s' an gille "dh' f hall»h mi gun eacla an d'a maighdean choimheadachd. " "Cioddc, ach cha-n f liall)li mi mar sin an diugh. e," ars' gille a' Probhaist "dh'iarras tu"Mata, a laocliain, o 'n a fhuair thu f hcin air iad sin fhein car da uair a dh' nine?"an t- each bheir mise diollaid diiit." Dh' "Oh," ars' an taillear, "tha eagal ormf hall)h iad an la so ris 'an coinueamli an nach faod mi an toirt duit." "Na bitheadhEasbuig, a mhaighistir 'us esau air muineagal air bhith ort," ars' gille a' Pro-da each. Chunuaic iad an t-Easbixig a bhaist, "paighidh mi thu agus lihuir mitighinn 'n an coinnimh 'us coltas a' chuthaichan da dheise gun bheud, gun mhilleadliair. 'N uair a thainig iad an lathair air an ais. "Gheibh thu ceud marg,"a cheile, chunnaic iad gii 'n robh an t- ars' esan. Shanntaich an taillear an t-aii--Easbuig air muin eich eile nach robh oho giod mor ud us thug e dha iad. Dh'maith r'a each fhein. Chaidh an t fhalbh e 'vis fhuair e an gille bh' aig anEasbuig 's am Prolihaist an coinnimh a oidhche roimhe. Chaidh iad dh' aitecheile le failte. Thionndaidh an t-Easbuig sonruichte 'us fhuair iad iad fein a chur'ri gille a Probhaist, " Sldaotir," ars' esan, an uidheam 's an da dheise. Dh' fhalbh"'us a dhearbh mheirlich." " Cha 'n iad 'n uair a fhuair iad iad fhein chourrainn thu tiiilleadh a i-adh rium," ars' maith 'us bu mhaith leo gu dorus an Easbuig.Fhuair e mach mu 'n d' rainig e angille a Probhaist, "cha'n'eil fhios agaman urrainn thu sin fhein a radh riiim le dorus, 'n uair a thigeadh aon air bithceartas, thaobh, dh' innis mi dhuit gu 'nrobh mi dol g'a dheanamh gun tuilleadhde 'n teaghlach rioghail gu tigh an Easbuig,nach e an dorus a bhualadh a dheanadhde do sheanachas;cuir an so mo chiiigiad, ach sgriob a thoii't le barr anceud marg am ionnsuidhse." B' eigin d'a coise aig bonn an doruis. Thainig esan asin a dheanamh ged nach robh e toileach. dh' ionnsuidh an doruis agus rinn e•'Ciod e a their thu," ars' an gille, "ma sgrioba. Bha dorsair aig an dorus anghoideas mi do nighean an nochd?" '8 e oidhche sin, 'us dh' fhalbh e 'n a ruith'aon nigheau a bh' aige 'us cho robh bu dh' ionnsuidh an Easbuig. Tha aonbhreagha na i 'an Lunnuin. "Mo nigheansa,de 'n teaghlach rioghail aig an dorus, " ars'a bhiasd," ars' an t-Easbuig, "cha esau. " Cha 'n 'eil," ars' an t-Easbuig," is e th' ann am meirlpach Albannach.ghoid thu mo nigheansa. "''Cuiridh mi,Sheall an gille troimh tholl na h-iuchrachars' an gille, ' anthu dhomh 'us an t-each donn gu 'n goid 'us chunnaic e giir e coslas da bheanmi i." " Cuiridh mise deich ceud marg," uasail a bh' ann. Dh' fhalbh e dh' ionnsuidhars' an t-Easbuig, "nach goid." Rimia mhaighistir 'us dh' innis e dha.iad cordadh. Dh' fhalbh esan 'us a Chaidh a mhaighstir dh' ionnsuidh anmhaighstir dhathigh. "Laochain," ars' doruis 'us sheall e fhein. Bheireadh ana mhaighistir, " bha mi a' saoilsimi gu gille amaith dhiot uairegin, ach rinn thu turn ris, 'usbha mach sgriobe a cath-throd risan trathsa 's aan Easbuig, airamaideach a nis, 'n uair a f huaii- thu thu sou' amaideachd. Sheall an t-Easbuig 'usfhein ceart." "Coma leibhse, a mhaighistirdh' aithnich e gur e guth nighinn an righmhaith," ars' esan, "bheir mi an bha 's an dorus. Fosgailear gu grad anionnsuidh co dhiul)h." 'N uair Ihainig dorus, 'us deanar a chromadh gu lar rithe.an oidhche, thog gille a Pi-obhaist air, 'us Bhuail nighean an righ ris air son achaidh e air falbh gu tigh an Easbuig. nighean chur ann an geall 's am bith, gu 'n'N iiair a rainig c tigh an Easbuig, ro1)h feadhain a' gabhail brath air airsonchunnaic e duine uasal 'tighinn a mach a leithid a dheanamh. "Chamhorab'air an dorus. Oh, " ars' esan ris an duine f hiach thu a dheanadh a leithid gun fhiosuasal, " ciod e so aig tigh an Easbuig an domhsa, 'us cha ruigeadh tu leas a leithidtha an sud, agus c maoidheadh a nighean ars' esan. "Cha'n urainn mi do leithsgeula ghoid. Gu dearVjh cha 'n 'eil gin ana ghabhail," ars' ise. Stigh thug eAUjainn a ghoideas i leis an f haire a th' nighean an righ do 'n t-seomar 's an robhoirre." "IJh, tha mi cinnteach nach'eil," a nighean 'us an f headhain a bha 'g a faircadh.Bha ise 'am meadhon an t-seomairars' an gille, agus thionndaidh e uaith."Tha fear an Sasunn an trathsa," ars' air caithir 'n a suidhe 's each ceithir thimchioUoirre. Ars' nighean an righ rithe,esan, "a dh'fheumas feuchainn ris codhiubh." Dh' fhalbh e, agus e taillearan "Mo ghaol, 's e d'athair an duine gun
I an]do!domhnaich'' <strong>An</strong>'
—;200 AN GAIDHEAL. Oaia MIos an Fhogharaidh,eadh an t-Easbuig is anu Vur ionicliar airan Easbuig a blia e gu 'n robli e air call acbeill. Slid stigb an t-Easbuig agustbcirigear air a gblunau aig bonn nacrannaig. Thoisich esan air asluchadhaun an sin 'us 'n uair chunnaic e andearrsadb bha 's a' ehrannaig ghalih e gucuraui leis ua bha e ag radh ris. INIudheireadh thubhairt e' ris, na 'n gealladhe dhasan gu "n deanadh e aithreacbas glan'usgu'mfalbbadh e leis-sau gu'n d'thugadhe maitheanas dha. Ghealladh an t-Easbuig sin da. " Falbh leamsa," ars'esan, " gus am faigh mi beagan nine ort.""Falbhaidh," ars' an t-Easbuig, " ged ab' ann as an t-saoglial dh' iarradh tu ormfalbh." Dh' f halbh e leis. Dh' fhalbh angille roimhe. llainig iad stabull a' Phrobhaiste.Fhuair e aite suidh do 'n Easbuig.Hhuidh e f hein ; cha ruigeadh iad a leassolus, oir bha eudach a ghille 'deanamhsoluis far an robh iad. Bha e 'mineachadhdo 'n Easbuig an sin ann an canainean athuigeadh, agus ann an cuid nach tuigeadhe. JBha e mar sin gus an robh an t-amd'a mhaighistir tighinn 's a' mhaduinn.'N uair bha an t-am teann air laimh, thilge dheth an deise, lub e 'us chuir e amfolaich i. oir bha e ris an t-soillearachd.Bha an t-Easbuig samhach an so, 'usthainig am Probhaist. "Cha bu ghearanleam mo shaothair na'm bitheadh m'Albamiachbochdromham an so andiugh.""Eh, gu bheil mi," ars' esan, "an so 'uaan t-Easbuig agam." " Ud, a laochain,"ai-s' a mhaighistir, "is maith a gheibhearthu." "Oh, a dhaor-shlaoitir," ars' ant-Easbuig, " 'n ann mar so a rinn thu angnothuch orm?" " Innsidh mise dhuitmar a tha," ars' am Probhaist, "is fhearrdhuit deanamh gu maith air, no bhi 'g achaineadh ;tha do nighuan aige, agus thad' each aige, agus d' airgiod, agus air doshon f hein, cha ghleidh esan thusa, ach isf hearr dhuitsc esan a ghleidheadh. Thoire f hein 'us do nigbean leat 'us dean banaisdhoibh le h-eireacluleas. Dh' fhalbh e 'uschaidh e dhathigli leis an Easlniig, 'usfhuair e e f hein 'us a nighean a phosadhgu ceart 'us rinn e gu maith ris. Dh'f hag mise an sin iad.TRAITHEAN NA BLIADHNA.(Air leantuinn Aireamh 15.)" Rinn Thusa, Dhia, an Geanihradli."Is e so an tratli de 'nlihliadhna anns am bheil dubhachasair 'f haireaclidninii, oir tlia iiadnr gnh-iumlau a' caochladh cruth, agustha na seahaidheau sin aig- an robhcomas CO nior air aighear a's gean a'stoileaclias a dhusgadh, a' gabhail guhiath seachad. Tha gach I us a'seargadli agus a' crionadh. Thana craobhau a blia comhdaichte ledeise co lurach re nine co fada a'crathadh an duilleagan diubh agus a'comhdacliadh an lair leis na nitheana thug dhoibh boidhichead roimhe.Na sruthain agus na h-aibhnicheana bha le tonnan ceolmhor a' rulthbho na-h-aonaichean agus aun anslighean cam-lubaeh ag imeachd airfeadh nam fonn 's nan achaidheaiitha iad anns a' gheamhradh a fasmall 'n an gluasad agus gu miuic tha'n reis air a stad gu buileach. Airmagh 's air achadh cha 'n 'eil coslaspailteis no toraidli. Tha 'n talamhuile mar gu 'm b' ann fas. Faodareadhoii a shaoilsinn gii'm bheil nadurfein sprochdach, smalanach an deighgnuis thaitnich an t-samhraidh aguspailteas mor an f hogharaidh. <strong>An</strong>nsan t-sealladh so gu leir, anns anatharrachadh mhor a tha teachd a'gheamhraidh fhuair ag oibreachadhair feadh an t-saoghail, tha samhiadhlaidir a dh' f haodas gach neach leisan aill a bheachd a steidheachadh air,r' a f haicinn gu soilleir air seann aois,maille ri trioblaid agus deuchainu.Ged tha 'n teachdaire ueo-bhaigheilagus fuileachdach nach gabhlethsgeulno diultadh, trang aig gach am de 'ubhliadhna, anns gach ionad agus ammeasg uile chinnich na talmhaimiged tha 'm bas a' gearradh sios gunacarachd, aireamh mhor de'n t-sluaghanus gach niios; gidheadh, is ann anuair a tha 'n geamhradh am fagusa tha 'm boidhichead a' treigsiini nanachaidhean, guirmead nam blar a'gabhail seachad, agus duilleagan nanci-aobh a' tuiteam chum an lair, islioimihoire agus is pailte 'tha nabraighdean a tha air an tasgadh anuan cuibhi'icheann an-iochdmhor a'bhais. Tha mar gu 'm b' a:in cumh-
—Dara Mios an Fliogharaidh, 1873 AN GAIDHEAL. 207achd dorclia, dubhacli a' riaghladh riagbailteau iomadach na talmbainu,na h-aimsii-, a' falach nan speuraii agus a tbug seacbad le faidbean a'sgorma, a' deaiiamh na fairge luasgauach,a' siubhal tnjimh ua h-achaidli-leis an Spiorad Naomh air son nafilidbean a bba air an uidbeamacbadhean, a' glaodhaicli a macli ami an b-oibrecudtliromaicb so, foillseachadhgaoith stoinneil na h-oidhche, a' goid's a' spionadh air falbh gu h-obaun1)lath an t-samhraidh bho ghriiaidheanan leinilih agiis a' toirt air seaun aoisfein criothnacbadh; a' dol a' dhionnsuidhiomadh aite adhlaicidli agusa' rogbnachadh iuniad naigb air sounan daoine a tba' tuiteam sios fochorran geur a' bhais. Is e Dia atha' gabbail a chuairt bbliadbnail 'sa' tioual suas nan daoine Vainig nalaithean aun an tir nam beo a bba airan orduchadh doibb. Tba, mar anceudna, comb-cliordadh r' a fbaiciuneadar an geambradb a tba' criocbnacbadbna bbadbna agus a' ginlansgeinih mar gu'm bitbeadb nadur feinair call a treoir 's a tieubbantais,agus eadar a;i duiue aosmbor liath atba ruigbeacbd ceann a tburuistalmhaidb, a clieaun geal le sneacbdnam bliailbnachan; oir cbuunaic e nis"an tri ficbead bliadbna 's a deicb."'tba ruidbtearacbd agus peacadb a'treoracbadb ? Tba na firiuneanceudna air an caramb ma 'r coiuneamble solus nadub- ann an gnatbachadban t-sluaigb. Deaibbaidli anni so fein ann an tombas moi- gur ean t-aona ghliocas a dhealbb maise 'sair a tboil agus air a' gbne bbeatba 'sgbiulain a tbigeadb e do dbaoiue'cbaitbeamb. Co fada, mata, 's isurrainn do na sgriobtui-an agus dosbolus naduir cuideachd a cheile'gbleidlieadh; co fada's a tba iad a' curan ceill firinnean a tba'giulan cordaidhair bitb r 'a cheile, cba 'n 'eil dealacbadbeadar iad, Mar so, mata, chisinn gu'm bbeil aii geambradb a tha'sgeadacbadh na talmhainn le trusgansneachdacb, reota 'giulau samhlaidhlaidir air na laithean liatha-reothatha'g iadbadh mu chinn mboranlaithean a tha 'nochdadh gu 'm bbeilan duiue 'fas abuichairsoa na h-uaighe,amhuil mar tha 'n t-ai-bbar trom tba'cinutinu anns na h-achaidbean a' fasdeas airson corran a' bhuanaiche.Ach, ged is e dubhacbas an ni'db'f haodar f baicinu an toiseach anns a'gheamhradb ;ged shaoileas sinunacb 'eil brigh no math no combfhurtacbdidir ceangailte ris, is eiginngu 'm bheil e 'comhlionadh aobhairsonruicbte, oir tba e air iunsidhdbuinn "gun d' rinn Dia'u Geambradb."Tha, mar so, raidh dubhachua bliadbna' deanamb niaith 's a' curair aghaidh cricbe niboir air choreigin; agus tba na trioblaidean aimsii-eila tha air an samblachadb leisa' gheamhradb a chum buannacbd,mar an ceudna, dhoibbsau a tha 'gam faii'eachduinn.Faiceamaid co ann 'tha 'n stàth soCba 'n 'eil aoljliar a' cbomb-cbordaidbso duilicb 'fbaotaiun a macb, dobbrigb gu bbeil co-ionannacbd air athaisbeanadb ann an ioniadb seadbagus fo iomadli doigb le oibrean anTigbearna gu leir.Teagaisgidb solus reusoin duinncbo fada 's is urrainn da imeacbd, nanitbean ceudna 'tha solus dealracbnan scriobtnirean a' deanamb aithnicbte.Am bbeil Dia'na fbocal ag'iarruidb oirrn inaitli a dbeanambagus olc a sbeacbnadb; am bbeil Eag innseadb dbuinn gur anu a dliionnsiiidbbocbduinn agus truaigbe reir coslais a' gabbail fois anns a'a co-sheasamb. Ged tba 'n talanih agheamhradb; ged tha cinneas niarbh,a's lusan a's craobhan na macharacbair stad 's air crionadh; ged nacb 'eiluinealtruidh a nis idir ann, gidheadhtha 'n graund a' trusadh buannacbdbbo shuain 's bho thamli a' gheamhraidh,<strong>An</strong>ns a' bhliadhna' cbaidh
208 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios an Fliogliaraidh, 187seachad, chaidli moran de spioniiadhan fhearaiiiii a chaitlieainh 's a cbnrgii feum; ag-us air an aobhar so, tbabeairteas a' gbruinud n' is lugba.N' am bitheadh an talanib air 'oibreacbadbgun tamb, ann an ninegbeavr cba gbiulaineadh e toi'adh idii-;clia bliitbeadb brigb, no dreacli, nobuannacbd ann.Tba vaidb tosdacb na bbadbna,mar so, a' lionadb suas seu-bbisf beumail ann am freasdal Dbe.Leisant-sambcliair a tba air a mealtiiinn,tlia 'n tir air air a b-iiidbeamacliadbairson barr briogb-mbor, trom atboirt seacbad a ritbist. Eadbon ansneacbd a tba 'g ambarc co fnaragiis CO mi-cbaoimbneil, tba esan a'gleidbeadb ucbd iiau acbaidbeanblatli, agus a' toirt tearruinteacbdblio gach stoirm a's gaillioim do 'iibbarr a db'fhenmas dubblacbd nab-aimsir fbula:ig. Le tosdacbd tbiambaidba'gbeamraidb tba mar so gniombfeumail a's priseil air a dbeanamb.<strong>An</strong> tratb a smuainticbeas neacb aigam bbeil tearmunn a's seasgaireacbda's dion bbo f buacbd 's bbo mhicliaoimbneasna-b-aimsir air a lingbadcreutair diblidb, ti'iiagb aig nacli 'eilfardacb no d
Iia'Dbe1a's'IiiaimhdeanIthimchioll,esan'iomadhI[ceart1chlaoidhreachdan. Tha f hios agam, a Tliighearna,gu 'm bheil do l>hreitheanas "Rimi Thusa, Dhia, an Geamh-shuas.agus gur ami am firiiin a radh." Faodaidh simi mar an ceudna,samhladh air staid grais 'f haicinnThu mi."Agus ma dh 'f heoraichear, ciod e amis a'gheamhiadh. Tha an sneachdan t-aobhar gu 'm bheil Dia a' dean-gun choimeas ann an g'ilead agusamh geanihraidh gn minic de bheatha ann an gloinead. <strong>An</strong> uair a thuiteasmuinutir sin a's ionnihuinn leis?Iis e gu pailt air cnoc a's comhnard,14iIiiaDara Alios an Fhogharaidh, 187 AN GAIDHEAL. 209Ged bhabu bhronach, boclid a clior.e air 'f heucliaiiiii co goirt, agiis a l)liastaid cu aualjarrach truagh, cha d'riiiiie laomnhur an aghaidh an Tigliearna,ach thubhairt e, " Co fliad 'sa bliios m' anail amiani agus spioradanil am chninneiiiibh, cha labbair1110 bhilean aingidbeachd aguscha chaii 1110 theaiig-a cealg." Fhuaire fuasgladh fadlieoidh as gach teainitachdanus an robh e; dh' eirich grlanaghmhor an t-soirbheachaidh air ai-ithist, agus " bheaunaich an Tigheariiadeireadh lob n'is momha n'athoiseach." Tha eisimpleir eileagainn aim an Daibhidh, neach aroghuaich an Tigliearna gu bhi 'n arigh thah-is air na h-IsraeUch, 'a thuge bho bhi' leantuinn nan caorach amian cearna iomallach d' an tir gu onoiriiihoir a mhealtuinn. Bha 'ii t-sligheair an do thriall e cuairtichte le iomadhcuimart agus gabhadh. Bu tearcna h-amannan anns am b' urrainn doShalmadair binn Israeli gairdeachasgreadhnachas a' dheanamh dobhrigh gu 'n robh aige tearuinteachda's seasgaireachd. Bu Honmhor, butreun, agus b' fhuileachdach naa bha' tuineachadh muna rioghachd air an robli'u a uachdaran; agus mar so, iscath a's cogadh cruaidh abha aige r' a chur. Ach bha eascairdeaneile am measg a luchd-daimh,eadhon am measg a theaglaich feina dliuisg diagh a's ainihreit anus anrioghachd; agus a mheudaich tomhasthrioblaidean Dhaibhidh. Is e so aidmheilfein mu dheibhinn amhgharan," Is maith dhomhsa gu'n r(jbh mi amian amhghar chum gu foglnmainn doe so am freagradh. Gur aim tridfulangais a tha 'a oighreachd iieamhaidha tha neo-thruaillidh, neo-shalachagTis nach searg as, ri bhi air acosnadh, Bu deurach, bronach, iomcheisteacha chaith Ceanuard arslainte a laithean air an talamh." Bha e 'n a dhuiue dhoilghiosauagus eolach air bron." Ma bha efeumail dhasan a laithean a chaitheamligii trioblaideach, am meas aluchd-leanmhuinn e 'n a ni uamhasachagus eucorach, gii 'm bi iadsan maran ceudna air am fiosrachadh air a'mhodh cheudna?"A mhuinntir moghraidh," deir Peadar, " na biodhiongantas oirbh a thobh na deuchahmtheiuntich a thig oirbh chum bhurdearbhadh, mar gu 'n tarladh ni eigindo-ghnathach duibh ; ach do bhrighgu bheil sibh 'n ui- luchd-compaiitdo fhulangaisibh Chriosd, deanaibhgairdeachas, chum mar an ceudnaann an am foillseachaidh a ghloiregu 'n dean sibh gairdeachas leTha Paul agh-aoibhneas ro iiihor."radh, "gu'n comh-oibrich na h-uilenithe chu;n maith do 'n dream aigam bheil gradh do Dhia, eadhondhoibhsan a ghairmeadh a reir a ruin."Mar so, tha geamhradh a' bristidh astigh air toaghlaichean 's a' milleadhan sonais saoghalta. Mar so thasluagh an Tigliearna air am fiosrachadhle deucliainnean a chum gu 'utilg iad dhiubh na ceanglaichean atha 'g an nasgadh ris an t-saoghal atha hxthair, agus gu 'n cuir iadmuinghinu a's momha 's a's dilse annan geallaidhean 's ami an comhf hurtachdanan Tigheania, 's gun suidhichiad an aigne air na nitheau a tha
;|j210 AN GAIDHEAL. DwaMiosanFliogUaraidh, ISTS.I!talamh. Ach cha 'n ann idir mar so,agus a ghealak'ht'as e 'aodainii iiatalmhaiiiu gn-L-ionilan, ciod e aTi iii a tha 'n geamhradh a bheir am bas aa dli' fhaodai- a chnr am an cohneas dh-ioimsuidh duine no teaghlaich.Aonuair's gu'm bheil an duine airvis air son sgeimli a's gloiiiead. ('lia'ii 'eil sinal no spot no sal r'a f liaicinn a thasgadh anus an tigh chumhann,air, ail iiair a tha e 'n a laidlie mar agus tosdachd a'seulachadh a bhilean,hlirar ii(» tlinisgaii a' comhdacliadhjnan achaidhean. Cia dileas ansamhladh so. air fireantaclul losa(Jriosil—an fliireantaohd air son and' thng e a bheatlia luacUmhor maraidli agus a' bhais." Clia'n'eil eideadha' gheamhraidh—an fliallniimshneachdach air a sgaoileadh thaiiisair cuiblirionn no cearna de 'n talamlitha e 'sgeadachadli na tire gu leir,agus air a'mhodli so, tlia e'n a shamliladhair cia co fiuglianta, farsuing,fial 's a tha teachdaireachd na sitlieag'us na sochairean a clioisinn losa an caitheamh ann an eagal agus anndo dhaoine. Cha 'n 'eil eadar-dhealaehadliair bitli air a dlieanamh aimsCONA.seirbhis an Tighearna,a chuireadh ghrasmhor a tha losatoirt seachad. Tha e air a thairgseadhgu saor, gun airgiod agus gunluach, do gach neach a's fine, eadhonmar tha 'n sneachd — comharradhcinnteach agus companach dileas' a'gheamhraidh— a' tuiteam 's a' comhdachadhgach aite.Cha 'n f haodar aicheadh gu'm bheilgw dubhachas a's mi-ghean. Riogliaichidhan geamhradh thairis airaghaidh naduir re na h-uine giiatliaichte,agus fadheoidh leaghaidh ansneachd agus an reotlia air falbli;mosglaidh gach machair, gach craobha's ins as a' chodail dhomhain anusan rol)h iad; ath-nuaidhichear aghaidhnaduir gu buileac^h, agus toiseachaidhsaothair a's dichioll le durachd ur,gus am faicear ann an nine ghearrsnuadh dreachmhor aoidheil air anclia 'n atli-nuaidliieh(\ai- a iieart 's abheatha le teachd steidhichte earraiclino samhraidh. Coidlidh e ann ansuain nach aithnich bruadar no dusgadh.Ni cluarain an raoin sgiamliacliuchd na h-uaighe agus seididheiric—an t-ionmhas do-labhairt sin ashaoras peacaicii '•'•bLo lagli a' ph( ac-fafan an anmuich thairis oirre, achclia 'n fhairich fear-comhnuidh antiglie gheamhraidli ni air bitli de so.Bithidh, fadlieoidh, dusgadh annamis an liobhair gach uaigh na f huairi fein. Is ann suilbhir agus aoibhneaclia bhitheas faireachduinn anduine aig an robh a' cheami geal lesneachd nam bliadhnachan a bha airSGEITLACHD.chiouu clieithir cheud bliadhnaroimhe so, rugadh oighre air Gart,g'an d'thugadh cioch le te de Chloinn-Diarmaid, aig an robh dithis mliac.Bha aon diubh 'n a chomh-dhalta dooighre Ghart, agus am fear eile naseadh ami—seadh muladach—aims bu shine na sin. Dh' fhas an t-oighream bheil an geamhradh eadar-dhealaichtegu tur bho na fiosrachaidh gaisgeil, ag'us cha robh a chomh-suas 'n a oganach sgianihach agusbhronach sin a tha 'tionndadh soirbheachadha's sonas dhaoine gn bron, air, a thaobh misnich agusdhalta a' bheag sam bith air deireadhtabhachd.Aig an am sin bha an earrann a bumho de Ghleann-Liobhann le Cloinnlabhair,cinneadh dalma agus cruadalacha chaill coir air an oighreachd,goirid an deigh do 'n sgeul a leanastachairt.Dh' eirich aimhreit' eadar am maca b' oige 'bh' aig ban-altrum oighreGhart, agus aon do Chloinn-Iabhair;agus ail- do 'n oganach nioran tamailt'fhaotainu, thubhairt e ri Mac-Iabhair," Mar is beo mise, a Mhic-
imacb,! Cbruinnicb:agus;aniI mar1feln,iaig! seoid,air";Dara Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873 AN GAIDHEAL. 211labhair, bheir oighre Ghai't ort gii 'n dearg a' bbreacain a macb ! Is ganndiol thu air son so fathast." Dliealaiclina fir ; agus clia do cliaill an uair a rinn Mac-Iabbair fead, agusa thug e an aitbne so seachad ant-oganacli agus a bliratliair nine air gbrad leum morau dbaoine fo 'n Ianbith gas an do thog iad on-a gu dol gu armachd, a macb a torn coille a bbaOaisteal Ghart, a chvir an ceill do 'n goirid o laimb, agus sbeas iad maillenachdaran mar a thacbair. Chuala ri 'n ceann-cinnidh, agus ris na fir aClann-Iabhair gu 'n do gbabli na bba combladb ris a' labbairt ri fearh-oganaicli air an t-sligbe gu Gart, Gbart.agus chuir iad an ruaig orra. Thainig " Co iad sin 1 (gblaodb fear Gbart),iad air an da bhratliair gun fbios agus ciod an gnotbacb an so 1doibb ; ach air dboibbsan an cunnart " 'S iad sin (arsa Mac-Iabbair)fein f baicinn, gbrad leum iad a stigb treud de na b-earbaicbean agam-sa,do linne dbombain ann an Liobbann, a ta leumnaicb air feadb nan tornagus nan creag"."" Direacb ceart (ars' an t-oigear's an doclias nacb leanadb Clannlabbairleis an eagal iad. Adi gednacb deacbaidli Clann-Iabbair a stighdo 'n abbainn, gidbeadb, tbilg feardbiubb saigbeadair na b-oganaicb abba 's an linne—leonadb comb-dbaltaGhart gu searbb—tbnit e sios doghrunnd na linne, agus bbatbadh e.B'e Dombnull Mac-Dbiarmaid ab'ainm dlia, agus goirear " Linne-Dhombuill " ris an aite gu ruig anla an diugb. Fliuair an t-oganacbeile comas teicbidb, agus rainig eGart. Db' innis e do 'n tigbeai'n ogmar a tbacbair, agus air dha a bbiIan corruicb air son mar a bbuinClann-Ial )bair ri 'cbomb-dbalta, cbuir6 roimbe ah" ball aicbmlieil a tboirt aagus a bbas a dbioladh.coinneacbadb, cbuir iad failt'aon a cbeile, agus labbair iad db'fbeucbainn an racbadb cuisean asbocracbadb gun bbuille a bhualadb.Bba breacan air g-uaillibb Gbart, airan robb taobb dearg agus taobbdorcba, agus tbubbairt e r'a cbuiddaoine, iad a bbi deas gu bualadbair an naimbdean, gun mboille, gunna 'n cuii'eadb esan taobbeile) ma 's ann mar sin a tha 'cbuistba 'n t-am agam-sa bid 'gaii'm mombiol-cbon."Gbrad tbionndaidb e an taobhdearg de 'n bbreacan a macb, agusann am priobadb na sula, bba na firam badaibb a cbeile ! Car uinebba 'n tuasaid tetb, agus gargagus bba closaicbean gun deo 'n anlaidbe gu tiugb air an raon ! Mudbeireadb tbeicb a' cbuid a bbalatbair de Cliloinn-Iabhair. Tbugiad na beanntan oria, agus a macbo'n la sin, cbaill iad am feai'ann.Tba e air 'innseadb nacb bu mbor achain Gart d' a dbaoine anns antuasaid sin, ach gu 'n do thuit corra's sea ficbead de na Liobbannaich.Tba ioraadh cuimbneachan air ane gu h-ealarab a dbaoine,rainig e Gleann-Liobbann airceaun. Air do Mbac-Iabbair la fhuilteacb sin fathast anns a'cuisean a tbnigsinn, cbruinnicb esan Gbleann 's an do thacbair e ; agusan ceudna a lucbd-leaninbuinn cha 'n 'eil teagamh nacb bi an sgeulagus cbomhlaicb e fonr-Gbartmeadbon a' gbliime. Air do naso taitneach do na Liobbannaich aiianla an diugb, aig am bheil colasair an ait anns an do chuireadh ancath deistinneach so, agus a chual areir coslais, gu minic m'a thimchioll.Mu 'n do Ihoisich na laoich ricbeile, tbilg fir tbighearna Ghartdbiubb an cuarain a chum gu 'nruitbeadh iad ni bu luaithe air toiran naimbdean, agus theirear " Leacnan-cuaran"fathast ris an aite 's and' rinn iad sin, Tba mar an ceudna
—!—212 AN GAIDHEAL. Daia J[ios an Fhoyhaiaidh, 1873." Ruisgeach," " Lagan - a'- chatha,"agu.s " Caimis-nau-cavn," mar ainiii'-anfatliast air na h-aitibli sin, faran do ruisg iad an claidheamlian,andoclinir iad an cath, agns an d' adhlaiciad ua daoine a tliuit. Tlia 'nabliainn fein 'n a cuimhneacban airan la gliarg sin, oir roinih an am sin,b'e "Duibh" a b' ainm do'n abliainu,agus " Gleann-Duil)li" a b' aiinn do'ughleann. Ach an uair a phill fearGbart agns a chuideachdo 'n ruaig,"liobh," no ghbin iad a'n claidlieamhanfnilteach 's an abhainn, gus ani-obb an t-uisge dearg ; agus an singhlaodh ail ceaun-cinnidh gaisgeila mach, ag radh, " Cha ghoirear'Duibli' mai- ainm air an uisge sotnille, oir'' Bho latlia liobhaidh nan arm,Bithidh 'Liobhami' mar ainm air 'Duibh." "NAIDHEACHDAN.Cha 'n 'fil sgeul ur no annasacliaig a' Ghaidheal air a' cliuairt so.Dh' eirich a' Pharlamaid aig toiseacha' mhios a chaidh seacbad agusis gle bbeag is feairrde sinn an saothaira' bbliadbna so. Cha do chuiriad moi'an oibre troimh an hxmhan,agus tha beagan coltais air an duthaichgu bheil seorsa de dhiomb oirredo Mhr. Gladstone agus d' a luchdcuidfachaidhaig an am so ; tha aonno dha d' an bhuidheann a bba 'g asheasamh air am fagail a macli, agusI'orÌKs air an fur a stigh 'n an aite.Tha sinn toiliclite clduinntinu gubheil iasgach an sgadain a' deanamhgu math ; tha an sgadan anabaii-achmath agus gu leoir ann deth.Tha droch cuuntas air a' bhuntataann an aite no dha ; tha an galarnamhaid an duine bhochd— ail" e feina nochdadh. Is e ar dochas agusar guidhe gu 'm fas an aimsirjia'sf hearr, gu 'm faighear fathast ambarr a chur cruinn air bheag call,agus gu 'n saorar a' chuid mhor d' anbhuntata.Fre.voairtean do na Toimhseachainanns an aireamh mu dheireadli :1, A' mhiic-mhara a shluig lonah. 2,<strong>An</strong> Cadal. '^, A' clioiimeal.SOP AS GACH SEID.Mur urrainn duit a bhi ann ad abhainnmhoir a' giulan luingis Ian beannachaidhthar an t-saogbail, faodaidli tu a bhi annad f huaran beag ri taobh rathad-mor nabeatha a' seinn gu ceohnhor a latlia 's adh-oidhche agus a' toirt cupan de uisgetionnar do'n f hear-tburais arsnealach,sgith a bliios a' gabhail seachad.<strong>An</strong> duine a bbeireadb achmhasan do 'nt-saoghal gu leir bu choir dha f hein a bhi'n a dhuine do nach b' urrainn do 'nt-saoghal gu leir achmhasan a thoirt.ScilATHANAOH. Na caith gus an coisinn thu. Caomhaiuchum comas toirt seachad a bhi agad.Saothairich chum gu 'm faigh thu nithea bhuilicheas tu chum maith dhuitfhein agus do mhuinntir eile. Is deaghriaghailteau iad so do na h-uile, agu3is dubh dhoibh-san an latha air ancuir iad cul riutha.Cha taitneach leinn a bhi air ar mealladhle 'r naimhdibh, agus air ar treigsinnle 'r cairdibh, gidheadh tha sinn gu minicair ar mealladh agus air ar treigsimi leinnfein.Far am bheil ceann air a dheagh lionadhle gliocas, gheibh e tamh agus fois airgach cluasaig a dh' f heudas amhgharanan t-saoghail a chur fodha.Is e faobhar na loinne a tha 'n a dhearbhadhair deagh chlaidheamh, agus cha'De grinneas an dorn-chur, no maise natruaille. Ceart mar sin, cha'n e a' chuidno a mhaoin a ni duine 'n a dhuine moragus urramach, ach a dheagh ghiulan agus'fhior mhaitheas fein.Jacal 's WW xlcalachaiih.( Jha 'n 'eil aite agaiun gu taing a thoirtdo ar cairdean lionmhor fa leth aig au amso. (labhaidh iad ar leth-sgeul. Gu'mbufada comasach agus deouach iad air comlinadhleinu
j(p.THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.GAELIC PHILOLOGY.NOTKS BY THE REV. ALEX. CAJIEKOX.(Continued from page 186. JSEFTEIS^BER, 1S73.75. BuachaUl (lierdsman, sliephcvd; anc. bochaillj corresponds toGr. houkolos (herdsuiau, shepherd)and like houkolos signifies, literally,a cowherd. Cf. Lat. hubulcus (herdsman,but, literally, cowherd). SeeStokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 81. Boukolosis derived, in Liddell and Scott'sLexicon, from hous and koled (Lat. colo.)76. Biui'de (a cow-house, a cattlefold) is from Lat. boaile (ox-stall,cow-house). r between vowels disappearsin Gaelic by rule (Stokes'Ir. Glosses, p. 5o).77. Reulh and read if.R'eidh (plain, smooth, ready, reconciled;anc. rè'id) - W. riiydd (free,louse) and is cognate with Dan. rede(l)lain, straight, ready, prepared),Ger. be-reit (ready). So. I'ed (to disentangle,clear, put in order), A.S.reed (ready), (je-rced (ready), Eng.ready. Cf. Wedgwood's Diet, <strong>of</strong>Eng. Etymology. To the same rootbelong reite (agreement, reconciliation)and reitich (i)repare, set inorder, reconcile).78. Suist and //ò'^.,Saist (flail) = W. ffust and correspondsto Lat. fastis (club ; cf. W.ffusto^i to beat), Swiss fuusten,fausten (to beat with fist or stick),Ger. faust (the hand clenched, fist),Old Eng. fust (list) from which fst(the hand used as an instrument forbeating) is derived. Cf. Wedgwood'sDictionary. It was previously shown=216) that 3 in Gaelic frequentlycorresponds to ff in Welsh and to /in Latin.79. Sorn -<strong>An</strong>d farìiace./ìoì-u (kibi, furnace, oven) =~ W.ffwrii (furnace, oven) and is cognatewith Lat. furitus (oven, furnace),from which are deiived Ital. fornace,Fr. fournaise, Eng. furuuce. TheGael. loan-Avord fuirneis is fromfuriiace. Torn is another form <strong>of</strong>sora. Cf. tahaid and snbaid ; tideand side.80. Hrogliall anil fa'd, foij.SruciltuJl {\\h\\i, i-od ; anc. sroyell)-= W. ff'roivyll or ffrewyll (whip,scourge) =^fiangeU (whip, scourge),are apparently loan-words from Lat.fayelluin (whip, scourge) diminutive<strong>of</strong> fagruDi. Flail is from Old Fr.fael, which is akin to Ger. feyel andto Lat. flayellum,. To the root fagmay als(j be referred Eng. fug^ fag,flack, and seA^ei-al other words. Cf.Wedgwood's Dictionary.81. ò'rian and refrain.Srian (bridle) ^ W. ffrwyri (bridle)and corresi)onds to Lat. frwnum(rein, biidle), from which Lat. refreuo(to keep back by a bridle) andEng. refrain are derived.82. Hranu (snore), <strong>of</strong> which srean(anc. sren) is another form, is cognatewith Lat. sternuo (I sneeze) and Gr.ptarnumai (I sneeze). Stokes jjointsout that the resemblance <strong>of</strong> srdn(nose = W. ffroen) is only accidental.See Ir. Glosses, p. 120. Cf. srothadh(sneezing) and W. ystrevn (to sneeze).83. Stiiir, and steer, stir, stern.Stiar (rudder) and stihir (to steer,guide) may be compared with 0. II.Ger. stiura (oar), stiuran,&xi.à stiurjan
214 THE GAEL. September,(to direct, move, govern), Dut.stueren and stieren (to drive foi-waixls,impel), Ice. styra (to guide, steer),A.S. steoran, styran (to steer),Eng. steer. Stir is from A.S.slow), from Avhich Eng. drawl (lit.85. 2\il and tail, tailor.Ted (adze) is akin to Lat. talea(any piece that has been cut <strong>of</strong>f),Ital. tagliare (to cut). Ice. talc/a (tocut hew), telgia (an axe), Fr. taille(cutting), tailler (to cut), tailleur(cutter, tailor), Eng. tail (cut <strong>of</strong>f, theterm applied to an estate which iscut <strong>of</strong>f or limited to certain heirs),tailor (lit. a cutter). Cf. Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 61, and Wedgwood'sDictionary. Tàillear=^Fv. tailleu.rr^ Eng. tailor. The English wordsdetail., entail, curtail, retail, belongto this root, to which Wedgwoodrefers also tall, tally, deal, dole., andcognate words.86. 7\wis and donyii.Taois (dough ;anc. taes) -=- W, toesand is akin to Goth, daigs. Ice. deig,A.S. dah., from which comes Eng.dough. Cf. Ger. teig. See Stoke'sIr. Glosses, p. 60.87. Aois and age.Aois (age ; anc. ois and dis) ^ W.oes and is compared by Ebel (cfCeltic Studies by Sullivan, p. 109)with Sansk. dyus, Gr. ai[F]on, Lat.aevum, Goth, aivs, with which arecognate Old Fr. eage, aagr, (Ige, Eng.aye. C£ Old Fr. edage ( ^ cage),eded, and Lat. aias, retatis. See agein Wedgwood's Dictionary.88. Osan and hose.Osan (a hose ; in Middle Gael.a.^sanJ — 'W. hosan, hos, Ice. hosa,Old Ger. hosa, A.S. hose, Eng. hose.Cf. N. H. Ger.- hose, dim. hdschen.styran, styrian (to stir, steer). Stern For other examples <strong>of</strong> initial h inis from A.S. stearii which corresponds English in words in which it isto Ice. stiorn, from styra (to steer). awanting in Gaelic compare uair84. Draoluinn and draid.and hour, from Lat. hora; umhalDraoluinn (a drawling, inactivity) and humble, from Lat. hiunilis; onoirmay be compared with Dut. draelen., and honour, from honos, honoris; osFris. drcmlen (to delay, loiter, beor ?/rts( = W. uch) and high, fromA.S. heah, which, as previouslynoticed (p. 55), is akin to Ger. hoch.89. Mtdng and mane.Muing (mane) = W. mwng and itscognate with Ice. 7ndn, Ger. mahneto linger) is derived. Cf. dreabhlaiìiìi(an inactive person) and Dan. drceve(to delay). Possibly draoluinn maybe fi'om drawling. O'Reilly hasdraolin (inactivity) ^ draoluinn. (mane), Eng. mane. Cf. Wedgwood'sDictionary.90. Maighdean and maid, maiden.Maighhean (maiden) is akin, toGer. magd (maid), mddchen (girl),A.S. ììicegden, mceden (maiden), Eng.maid, maiden. Cf. Goth, magaths(maid) and magus (boy), A.S. magu(son), Ice.mbgr (son), W. magu (tobreed). With A.S. magii and Ice.m'Ogr may, perhaps, be comparedGael, mac (son) = W. majt;, niah. CfWedgwood's Dictionary.91. Slopunn or siabunn and soap.Siopunn or siabunn (soap) = M'".sebon, and is akin to Lat. sfyjo,saponis, Ger. seife, Dut. zeep., Bret.soav (tallow), soavon (soap), Eng.soap. Wedgwood observes thatsoap was regarded by the Latins asa Celtic invention, and that, therefore," it is reasonable that weshould look to the latter class <strong>of</strong>languages for an explanation <strong>of</strong> thename," He gives the followingquotation from Pliny :— " Prodestet sa2)o. Gallorum lioc inventum,rutilandis capillis, ex sevo et cinere."02. Com and combe.Com (the cavity <strong>of</strong> the chest) correspondsto W. cwm (valley, dale),A.S. comb (valley), from which combe(a narrow valley) is derived. Cf.Wedgwood's Dictionary. Combe
September, 1873.THE GAEL. 215occurs frequently in English names<strong>of</strong> places, as Wycombe, Yarcombe,Addiscombe.93. Seileach and salloto.Seihach (sallow, willow) ^ W.heli/g and is cog'iiate with Lat. ifallx^Fin. salawa, A.S. salig, salh, fromwhich salloio (white willow) is deri\ed.D-i.
216 THE GAEL. September. 187charge), Gr. iiiuxa (phlegm) fromìiijissò— ìnnkjo (cf. «iv^^•.^•o;»«/, to bh)Wthe nose), Lat. iuacus (phlegm). Tothe root niuk Bopp refers Lat. mnng<strong>of</strong>rom mnnco (cf. iiiunctio, a blowing<strong>of</strong> the nose) and Gael, lahnaim(mingo). Smirgaid (spittle) is fromsmug.102. Siteadli and idt.Siieadh (nit ; anc. sited)~- W.nedd-en, nedd^ Bret, niz, and is cognatewith Slav, gnida^ Gr. konis,geii. konidos, Ger. nisz, Ice. ni/t, nit,A.S. knitu, Eng. nit. Cf Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 85.103. Sneachd; Lat. ni.ic; Eng. snow.Siieachd (snow; anc. snecht) is cognatewith Ltiit. iùx,gen.niv{s,( -- nihvis,vigois, with s dropped), lÀi\\. snegas,Pol. snjeg, Goth, siudvs., Old Ice.siijoa (to snow), Ger. sclinee, A.S.snaw, Eng. snoii:. Bopp refersSiieachd to the Sansk. root siiu. CfSansk. Glossary, p. 432.104. Muc and jj^o^c.Muc (hay-stack) is cognate withOld Ice. ììvugr (a mow <strong>of</strong> hay). Ice.niuga (a heap <strong>of</strong> hay), jiniga (togather into heaps), A.S. macg, niuga(a stack, heap), moioe (a heap <strong>of</strong>hay). Cf. Ital. mucchia (a heap).See Wedgwood's Dictionary.lO.*^. J/dd and iiioot, meet.Mod (a coui't or meeting) corres-])Ouds to A.S. mot (an assembly),from which 7noot (lit. to meet; todiscuss) and mote (a meeting) are derived.3feet (to come face to face, toassemble) is from A.S. metan (tomeet), niotian (to assemble for conversation),akin to Goth, motjan,gamotjmt, (to meet), A.S. iuot (ameeting), and Ice. mot (opposite).106. Firean (eagle) may be comparedwith A.S. earit (eagle), Dut.aariL Gaelic frequently dropsinitial/107. liannsaicli and r
September, 1873. THE GAEL. èl7archs though an isolated one, was indicating that land was not very faryet an enchanting one. It was ever distant. On annoimcing this tothe i)rovince <strong>of</strong> the imaginative Gaidheal he immediately set outfaculty to seize upon the undelined, witli his sons, who wei'e surnamedand from it to draw conjectures the Scoti, from their mother Scota, andmo.st extravagant. This was thecase with regard to the histoiy <strong>of</strong>the Scots as delineated in the thirteenthand fourteenth centuries.The author <strong>of</strong> the " Chronicle <strong>of</strong>the Picts and Scots," writing towardsthe close <strong>of</strong> the 13th century, informsus at the commencement <strong>of</strong> his recordtliat much confliction <strong>of</strong> statement isencountered in the ancient catalogues<strong>of</strong> the Kings in their order <strong>of</strong> succession.It was with the intention<strong>of</strong> militating between the variousaccounts that he was induced towrite his own chronicle. His storythere dwelt in Athens a noble chevalierwho had a son called Gaidheal.This Gaidheal was married to Scota,daughter <strong>of</strong> Pharaoh. By her hehad a family <strong>of</strong> fair sons anddaughters. The quietude <strong>of</strong> domesticbliss was not, however, suited to hisdaring spirit. He must set out andthe couutiy to accom})any him on hisjourney. His father having suppliedhim with vessels, he set sail fromAthens. After much sailing in theMediteri'anean Sea, he arrived inSpain. Here he met with greatresistance from the natives. Finally With the settlement <strong>of</strong> the Scotshe was victorius, and built :i strong in Ireland is associated the traditioncastle, called Brigance, on a rock <strong>of</strong> the Lia Fail or the " Grey Stonenear the coast <strong>of</strong> the Hibernian Sea. <strong>of</strong> Fate." Wherever this stone wasDuring his stay at Brigance, himself placed there the Scots were destinedand his followers lived on plunder to reign. It followed them in theirtaken from the neighbouiing jieasauts.One day as his fishermenwanderings, and was connected Avithweredriven far out into the deep by astormy tempest, they observed thistles,flowers, and other substances.discovered a large island. Whenthey landed they found the soil wasvery rich, although poorly cultivatedfor the want <strong>of</strong> people. The countrywas otherwise pleasant, being coveredwith woods, and sufficientlysupplied with rivers. The heart <strong>of</strong>Gaidheal was delighted. He mustreturn to his castle in Spain, andconvey his wife and retinue to thescene <strong>of</strong> his future labours. But thehopes <strong>of</strong> the adventurous chevalierai-e immaturely dashed aside. Heis laid low by the inhospitable hand<strong>of</strong> sickness, and dies. His dyingcommand to his sons was, that theymight reduce the island, and becomeis decidedly romantic. He discoveredin the life <strong>of</strong> Saint Brandane thatthemselves a mighty nation.Heber,the eldest sou <strong>of</strong> Gaidheal, as theceami cinnidh, or head <strong>of</strong> the race,set out with his brothers, seized thewhole island, and subjected thenatives. They called the islandHibernia, either after its conquerorHeber, or the Spanish rivei' Hebrus.find a home for himself by the aid His brothers give their name Scoti<strong>of</strong> the spear. With this bold intentionhe persuaded the young men <strong>of</strong> Hil)ernia, or what is commonlyto a tribe inhabiting the noith <strong>of</strong>calledIreland. The Hibernitnses areforced to adopt the language <strong>of</strong>Gaidheal, the founder <strong>of</strong> the language,Giraldus tells us this is the reasonwhy the language <strong>of</strong> Hibernia iscalled Gaidhealach.their fortunes. Carried down toEgypt by Jacob, as the stone uponwhich he rested his head when hebeheld that miraculous vision <strong>of</strong> the
218 THE GAEL. September, 18?3.night, it early became the property<strong>of</strong> the Pharaohs. It remained withthem as the tutelar god <strong>of</strong> theirmonarchy till Scota, Rachel-like, boreaway with her when she accompaniedither husband on his adven-turous expedition. By the eventsconnected with the death <strong>of</strong> Gaidheal,its connection with the wandering.s<strong>of</strong> the Scoti, was for a time severed.But the decree <strong>of</strong> the fates must runits course. Symond Bruk, one <strong>of</strong>the sons <strong>of</strong> the King <strong>of</strong> Spain,married the eldest daughter <strong>of</strong> thewidowed Scota, and along with herhe got the Lia Fail. Hearing thatthe Scoti were possessors <strong>of</strong> Ireland,he repaired thither, and the " stone<strong>of</strong> fate" was once more i-estored to itsowners. It governed the destinies<strong>of</strong> the Kings <strong>of</strong> Hibernia, untilFergus, son <strong>of</strong> Ferachar, came to thecountry, north <strong>of</strong> that occupied bythe Britons, and called by him Scotia.(3n his settlement here he planted itat his seat in Inchgall (Dalriada).Twenty Kings <strong>of</strong> Dalriada wereafterwards crowned on it., Alpin,the last Dalriadic King was drivenout <strong>of</strong> the kingdom <strong>of</strong> his fathers, by<strong>An</strong>gus MacFergus, King <strong>of</strong> thePicts. Expelled from Dalriada heset sail for Galloway with theremainder <strong>of</strong> his routed army, andseized upon the Pictish territorythere. After having subdued it hewas slain, says the Scottish Chronicle,by a man who lay in wait forhim in a wood overhanging theentrance to the ford <strong>of</strong> a river, as herode through it surrounded by hisfollowers. The spot were he fell isstill called Lalcht A/piii, or thea check in his desolating career.The chiefs had collected their followersand met their invader in theparish <strong>of</strong> Dalmellington, whereduring a sharp struggle, he waskilleil by the Aveapon <strong>of</strong> an enragedchief, near the site Laicht Castle,which derived its name from thestone <strong>of</strong> Alpin—a gravestone knownand recognised nearly four centuriesafter the last <strong>of</strong> the Scoto-IrishKings had finished his career."About this time, say the chronicles,the Picts, or Cruithne came in contactwith the Scots <strong>of</strong> Ireland. Theirwanderings were even more extensivethan those <strong>of</strong> the Scots themselves.They are traced by the ancientannalists to every part <strong>of</strong> the worldwhere the name Pict or anything resemblingit is found, and their migrationsthence to Cruithne-tuaith(Pictavia) are described in the mostnatural way. Each chronicle suppliesa new account <strong>of</strong> their oiigin.The only thing they relate in commonis, that tlie Picts were a colony<strong>of</strong> soldiers, who, having no wives <strong>of</strong>their own, sought and obtained wivesfrom the Scots. This was stated asa fact l)y the earliest annalists, andis mentioned by the ecclesiastic historianBede. It was thought toaccount for the law <strong>of</strong> successionthrough the female line, when successionthrough the male line becamedoubtful. In this case when therewere several sons in a family theysucceeded each other in order, butwhen succession through them failed,daughters were chosen to succeedinpreference to sons. In connectionwith this feature <strong>of</strong> the traditionsome chroniclers state that one <strong>of</strong> theconditions upon which the Picts obtainedwives was to the jiui'pose that!gravestone <strong>of</strong> Alpine. The entertainingauthor <strong>of</strong> " Engdish and language—the Gaidhealach <strong>of</strong> Giral-their issue should speak the IrislilScottish Chivalry," thus refers to this dus—which they continue to doincident. "But Alpin soon received this day. This is quite the oppositel<strong>of</strong> what Nennius mentions in thejcase <strong>of</strong> the Britons <strong>of</strong> Armorica Avherthey obtained wives from the people
!September, 18" THE GAEL. 219who preceded them. Arguing thatif their descendants wei-e to speakthe language <strong>of</strong> the mother—themother tongue—that language wouldin time prevail ovei' their own, theycruelly think fit to slit the tongues<strong>of</strong> all their AvivesSeveral <strong>of</strong> the chronicles givingan account <strong>of</strong> the Pictish kings andtheir battles, state that shortly afterthe Picts became allied to the Scots,Redda, a Scottish prince from Hibernia,set out for Pictavia with a formidablearmy. He landed in Gallowiijand formed a treaty with hiskinsmen the Dalriadic Scots, who,under the leadership <strong>of</strong> Alpin, hadestablished themselves there someyears previous. They conquer thegreater part <strong>of</strong> the southern dominions<strong>of</strong> the Picts and the whole <strong>of</strong>Argyle and the islands, which wereoccu])ied by the Picts since theexpulsion <strong>of</strong> Alpin. The DalriadicScots are thus again jmt in possession<strong>of</strong> their ancient kingdom.Connected with this invasion thereis an account <strong>of</strong> a conspiracy, wherebyit was said the chiefs and nobles<strong>of</strong> the Picts were destroyed. Thekings, nobility, and soldiei-s, <strong>of</strong> thePicts and the Scots assembled in theCouncil House at Scone, at the request<strong>of</strong> the latter, for the purpose,it was alleged, <strong>of</strong> entering upon negotiations<strong>of</strong> peace. Immediately onbeing assembled the Scots, who wereprivately armed, attacked the defencelessPicts, and slew every one<strong>of</strong> them. From this time the kingdom<strong>of</strong> the Picts, which had lastedfor 1190 years, was struck out <strong>of</strong>the list <strong>of</strong> the empires <strong>of</strong> the earth,and the kingdom <strong>of</strong> the Scots M-asre-established.E. Mac-ax-Eothaich.fTo be continued.)CELTIC ETYMOLOGY.8iK,—In The Gael for last month Mr.P2dmuncls attempts to make what heHadcalls "a reply" to the notice given inyour June number <strong>of</strong> his many ridiculousmistakes, when he wrote respecting theGaelic language <strong>of</strong> the Highlanders <strong>of</strong><strong>Scotland</strong>, hut it is no reply whatever,only a miserable failure <strong>of</strong> showing thatwhat he had written <strong>of</strong> the Gaelic languagewas according to truth and fact.Mr. Edmunds acknowledged that he hadmade some mistakes, there would havebeen an end <strong>of</strong> the matter, and probablyit would have been soon forgotten ; instead<strong>of</strong> which he pertinaciously adheresto all the blunders he has made in comparingwords which he most wronglycalled Gaelic with Welsh ones.Mr. Edmunds commences by statinghe does not propose to discusa "the longstring <strong>of</strong> etymologies " given, he states,by the writer here<strong>of</strong>. It was not etymologies,but a collection <strong>of</strong> mistakes andgross errors in words, given by Mr.Edmunds as Gaelic ones, and which everyHighlander who read your June numberknew to be untrue. INIr. Edmunds had mihesitation in writing these words, andhis object was to depreciate the Gaeliclanguage, and wrongfully exalt theWelsh over it his argument for this;purpose being founded upon pretendedGaelic words, and he evades my examination<strong>of</strong> them. As to the Welshword imagined by Mr. Edmunds, and alsoChalmers, as the origin <strong>of</strong> "Lanark," theancient forms <strong>of</strong> it given in your Junenumber refute them both. Chalmers isno authority whatever, because, as Skene(our best Celtic writer) informs us, hehired a Lexicon writer to furnish himWelsh words for the names <strong>of</strong> places in<strong>Scotland</strong>. Regarding Benlomond, as Bfiiiis not derived from the Welsh, which allHighlanders know it is not, then it waslike all the other Bens <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> givenby a Gaelic speaking race, and refutesMr. Edmunds. A statement is madeby him as to the word " mam," thaX" in all European languages in which itoccurs," it means "breast " or "mother."This assertion is contrary to truth andfact ; the Gaelic language is a Europeanone, it is spoken l)y hundreds and thousands<strong>of</strong> people, and in it "mam" doesnot mean either "breast" or "mother,"which fuUy refutes Mr. Ednumds;besidesthere are many hills in .<strong>Scotland</strong>called "»(aHt," proving that in the Gaeliclanguage no such meaning <strong>of</strong> the wordever existed.
22Ò THE GAEL. September, 187a.The ridiculous etymology <strong>of</strong> ^Jr. (iael could have driven them to the seaEdmunds for "Dover" he attempts to long before they got to Kent.reply to, by noticing what the writer Mr. Edmunds makes the followinghere<strong>of</strong> says in his toijographical volume onthe Jiivfr Haunts <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>. Among themis the "Ayr," <strong>of</strong> Avhich all its ancientstatement in the Gael for last month,"the occurrence <strong>of</strong> Aber ' ' in <strong>Scotland</strong>,taking Col. IJobertson's book as my guide,.spellings are given, proving that it andthe "Ary" or " Aray " <strong>of</strong> Argyleshireare identical in meaning and etymology,and they both give names to a town ontheir banks, yet this gives no countenanceto Mr. Edmunds' absurd derivationthat "Dover" is from the Welshword meaning " water," which <strong>of</strong> courseevery seaport in the world is. The river"Aire" in Yorkshire is from the sameroot, and is also one <strong>of</strong> the old spellings<strong>of</strong> the .Scotch river "Ayr," namely thesingle letter " A " jjronounced " Awe " asin Lochawe, or the English word "ah."That sin',de letter signifies "water," but isnow obsolete. The remaining (raelic wordis " reidh," now in use, and pronounced"ray," meaning "smooth." Thus wehave the compound word, pronouncedin English the "Aray," or " thes moothwater." Should the writer's derivationbe shown to be a mistake in this rivername, he will not deny it, but acknowledgeit.The emigration <strong>of</strong> the Celts from (4aulinto Britain is a point now uncpiestioned,and as the southern part <strong>of</strong> the island isin sight <strong>of</strong> it, there <strong>of</strong> course theylanded, and most certainly both f/ic naturn/and actual course they would take, wasto the north part as successive numbersarrived ; and we find traces <strong>of</strong> the (4aelin river names from Kent to Cumberland,a great many being identical with those<strong>of</strong> the north part, and in their progressthey not only named small, but also thelargest rivers, as has already Ijeen shown.At what period the emigrations from(jaul commenced cannot be fixed withany certainty, but as we know that fiftyfiveyears before the birth <strong>of</strong> Christ thesouth part <strong>of</strong> the island was fully peopled,and that in the year a. d. 80 the north partwas so likewise, the first <strong>of</strong> the Celticrace must have come into Britain at least1,500 years, if not more, before the Christainera. Mr. Edmunds states that theGael got the habit <strong>of</strong> coming south afterthe Roman power decayed, but that wasprobably 1,500 or 2,000 years after theirarrival from Gaul, and progress northwardin Britain. Mr. Edmunds gives usa reason why the (ìael went further souththan Kent at this period, that the Welshstate they Avcre driven by them to thesea.This is no reason at all, because theis confined to districts penetrated by theRoman arms." There could not havebeen a statement written more contraryto truth and fact than this. Had Mr.Edmunds followed the work he named ashis guide he would therein have foundthat " Aber " prevails in very manyplaces <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> where the Romans /(fivrpenetrated : there are three Abers inArgyleshire, where the Romans neverwere, one <strong>of</strong> them being in the island <strong>of</strong>Isla ; within the county <strong>of</strong> Inverness,and towards it western side, there arefour Al)ers, where the Romans neverpenetrated ; in the county <strong>of</strong> Ross, wherethe Romans never were, Aber is also tobe noted ; and, lastly, in the furthestnorth part <strong>of</strong> the county <strong>of</strong> Sutherland,which was never entered by the Romans,we also find Aber. These facts very fullyrefute Mr. Edmunds' statement. In the*same paragraph he tries to make it supposedthat the Welsh named the "Abers"in <strong>Scotland</strong>, Ijut he is completely refutedby the fact that (Jae/ic and nvt Welshwords are always joined to the Scotch'' Aljer, and which the work he mentions'fully proves, and his stating that hetook it for his ijii'ule is a mere sham andpretext.It has Ijcen shown that Mr. Edmundsmade a statement <strong>of</strong> certain words beingGaelic, and he gave meanings also to someothers. In both cases when they cameto be examined many are completelywrong—the number that are so amountingto one-half at least <strong>of</strong> the words hegave. He states that he got them out <strong>of</strong>an Irish magazine (The DitliUn Unu'ernifi/),but he ought to know that even if theywere therein, that could not make themeaning he gives them correct, or thewords to belong to the Gaelic, even if hecopied them rightly, Avhich may bedoubted, for the following amongst otherreasons :—The Gaelic word ' ' leabhar "means "a book." In the Irish language"leabhar" also means "a book," and itis incredible that any eminent Irishscholar would call it anything else ; butwhat does Mr. Edmunds call it ? Hesays it means a "a Hood," in which he isrefuted by both languages. Among otherwords stated by Mr. Edmunds to beGaelic he gives one, "balloeh." By amisj^rint in the June number <strong>of</strong> the Gael
September, 1873. THE GAEL. 221the letter c was put instead <strong>of</strong> e, and it isnecessary to point out that Mr. Edmundsin his attempted reply alters the word hehad wi-itten in his book at page 18 from" balloeh "to " balloch "!In conclusion, there is no use to continuea correspondence with Mr. Edmunds,who, from what he has stated,shows he did not know whether he wrote(Jaelic or not.James A. Robertson.GAELIC GRAMMAR ANDPHILOLOGY.Sir,—As one possessed with astrong regard for his mother tongue,permit me, with the view <strong>of</strong> attaining-to what is right and true, tosubmit a few remarks on the " Noteson Gaelic Grammar, &c.," whichappear in this month's Gael, p.118, b.1, I am not at all satisfied that" an uair a" is an adverbial phrase.•'A thèid mi," "a bhuaileas mi,"are attributi\'e phrases qualifying"an uair." What "uair".^ "<strong>An</strong>uair a theid nii" " a bhuaileas mi,"Of course " a" isthe simple relativehere as well as after " mar," " bho,""ged," and "ma" (if iK.t included init) ; so that it is the relative thatgoverns the future subjunctive orrather the relative form <strong>of</strong> the futureindicative. It does not appear tome that "an uair a theid mi" is literallyand fully " the hour or time thatI shall go," luiless we make " rach"a transitive verb having " an uair"for its object—as it is indeed in certaincases. Is it not rather, " thehour or time on or during which Ishall go ? " like " ua h-uaislean risam beil farmad aige," or, " a thafarmad aige rintha." For this constructionsee Munro's Gaelic Grammar,2nd ed. p. 180, note. PerhapsDr. Clerk in the instance quoted,considered the relative form (-as) sufficientlyclear without encumberingthe text with an apostrophe. Inmy opinion we are all lavishly fond<strong>of</strong> apostrophes. There does not seemto me to be any necessity for thecommon practice <strong>of</strong> supplying theplace <strong>of</strong> a part <strong>of</strong> speech with anapostrophe, especially where thereis no danger <strong>of</strong> the sense being inthe slightest degree impaired by itsomission. It is not done in English,for instance.2. " Gu 'u." I am inclined toquestion the statement <strong>of</strong> your correspondentthat " gu" is a prepositionhere ; if, by that term we are to understanda certain class <strong>of</strong> words,disused as nouns, but employed tocoimect notions. Is it not rather aprepositive verbal particle used knemphaticall}^ affirming a direct assertionÌ If " an " is the dative <strong>of</strong> thesinq)le relative, where and what isits antecedent? If not a euphonicletter, may it not be the interrogativeparticle "an" (" am," " a"), seeingthat all assertions pi'esuppose a(piestion Ì But Avhy not dispensewith the apostrophe in this andsimilar instances, as is done in thecase <strong>of</strong> -'gur" ?" Do-n," " fo-n,"" nui-n," " bho-n," for " do 'n,"" fo 'n," &c., are not to be imitated.As no one is perfect, it is a comparatively'easy task to criticise andpoint out each other's short-comings.The Piohaire Dall was well aware<strong>of</strong> this when he said, in Coire-naneas," Ma tha thusa iia d' fhear ealaidhcluinneamaid annas do laimhe."In the Gael, Vol II., No. 13, p. 13,b, Salm na Beatha, stanza 4, thetranslator, A. C, has fallen into theerror which Mr. Cameron in a previousarticle so severely condemns.I refer to the words, " a' bualadhcaismeachd thlamhaidh, thruaigh aneig."At page 183 <strong>of</strong> this month's GaEL,I find "Beinn-Nibheis" spelt "Beiiin-Neabhais." This is certainly some-
—I'jjI!ThejII——222 THE GAEL.September, 187tiling new to come from one <strong>of</strong> theClan - Cameron. It looks like animitation <strong>of</strong> Dr. ^Vlaclauclilan whohas ado]ited a .«!omewliat similarspelUng, probably from the mode <strong>of</strong>pronouncing the name in some <strong>of</strong> themore northern counties. Our riversseem mostly named after somenymphs or myths <strong>of</strong> the femininegender, and onr glens as a rule receivetheir names from the riversthat flow through them. Whatevei-1)0 the derivation <strong>of</strong> " Nibheis " wehave here, besides the Beinn, GleannjVibheis,Sròn-Nibheis, Bun-Nibheis,Drochmd-Nihheis, &c. There is asc/ialachd told about the nymph,Nihlieis ; and NihheÌH, and Geolachused to be common names for thefemale <strong>of</strong> deer-hounds.I am no jjarty man; and, as Ihave already stated, have no apologyto <strong>of</strong>fer for these remarks but lovefor ni}' native tongue—that language<strong>of</strong> the maternal lips that blessed us,and are now silent in the grave.—am, àc, D. C. M.Bohuntin, Bridge <strong>of</strong> Roy,Kingussie, 19th August, 1S7'-!.TO .JOHN F. CAMPBELL, ESQ.. OFISLAY.On llic puhlicathm <strong>of</strong> his "Popular Tnics<strong>of</strong> the West Highlands."O thou whose joy it is to strayThe bowers <strong>of</strong> Fairyland amongRenewing o'er our hearts the swayOf Fairy tale and song.'I'his book <strong>of</strong> tliine will long endearThy name to all who love the landWhere thou has gleaned with zeal so rare.Those legends quaintly grand.So these stray waifs <strong>of</strong> ancient loreTurn, touched by thee, to treasures,rare,—Rich gems <strong>of</strong> which for evei-moreThe world will well take care.Well do I mind that long-past dayI met thee first and sought thy smile,I, a poor minstrel—thou, the gayYoung heir <strong>of</strong> Islay's isle.No seer am I— yet in the boyBefore me, right well could I traceman that yet would prove a joy,A pride to Diarmid's race.One who, with every grace endowedBefitting rank und lineage high,Would win, withal, a place as jiroudIn Mind's nobility.What though a stranger lords it nowO'er that fair isle so dear to thee;Still lord o'er all its hearts art thou,The land alone hath he.Foitune liath wronged thee much—vetstillA heritage more rich remainsThan any subject to her Avill'iliy place in Thought's domains.Long in a field, now all thine own,Be thine to work with loving care ;Rare gems <strong>of</strong> wisdom, random-strewn,Will yet reward thee there.Gems that, when thou in death dost rest,More green shall keep thy memoiyThan if arose alcove tby breastA Cairn, Ben-Cruachan liigh !EV.4.N McCoLL.SOLAN GEESE CATCHING ATST KILDA,The solan goose, after the hardtoil <strong>of</strong> the day at fishing withoutintermission, rising high in the air toget a full sight <strong>of</strong> the fish that hemarks out for his prey before hepounces upon it, and each time devouringit before he rises above thesurface, becomes so fatigued at nighttliat he sleeps quite sound in companywith some hundreds, who markout some particular Sjiot in the faceAs shells that on some lonely strandThe sea casts careless, may confinePearls, which when touched by skilful<strong>of</strong> the rocks, tohand.which they repair atWith peerless lustre shine.night, and think themselves secureunder the protection <strong>of</strong> a sentinel,who stands awake to watch theirlives, and gives the alarm, by bir,
——September, THE;GAEL. 223bir, in times <strong>of</strong> dang'er, to awaken begin to fight through the wholethose under his guard.The St. Kildians watch with greatcompany; while in the meantime, thecommon enemy, ixususpected, beginscare in what part <strong>of</strong> the island these in good earnest to twist their necks,birds are more likely to light at aTid never gives up till the whole arenight ; and this they know by mark-left dead on the spot. Bnchanan.ing out on which side <strong>of</strong> the islandthe play <strong>of</strong> fish is, among which thegeese are at work the whole day;because in that quarter they areready to betake themselves to sleepat night. <strong>An</strong>d when they are fairlyalighted, the fowlers repair to theplace with their panniers, and ropes<strong>of</strong> thirty fathoms in length, to letthem down with pr<strong>of</strong>ound silence intheir neighbourhood—to try theirfortunes among the unwary throng.The fowler, thus let down by oueor more men, who hold the rope lesthe should fall over the impendingrocks into the sea, with a whitetowel about his breast, calmly slidesover the face <strong>of</strong> the rocks till he hasa full view <strong>of</strong> the sentinel ; then hegently moves along on his hands andfeet, creeping very silently to thespot where the sentinel stands onguard. If he cries izV, bir^—the sign<strong>of</strong> an alarm—he stands back; but ifhe cries grog, grog, that <strong>of</strong> confidence,he advances without fear <strong>of</strong> givingan alarm, because the goose takes thefowler for one <strong>of</strong> the stragglinggeesecoming into the camp, andsuffers him to advance. Then thefowler very gently tickles one <strong>of</strong> hislegs, which he lifts and places on thepalm <strong>of</strong> his hand ; he then as gentlytickles the other, which in like manneris lifted and placed on the hand.He then, no less artfully, insensiblymoves the sentinel near the firstsleeping goose, which he pushes withhis fingers; on which he awakes,and finding the sentinel standingabove him, he immediately falls afighting him for his supposed insolence.This alarms the whole camp,and instead <strong>of</strong> flying <strong>of</strong>f, they allHIGHLAND CUSTOMS AT DEATH.On the death <strong>of</strong> a Highlander,the corpse being stretched on a board,and covered with a coarse linenwrapper, the friends lay on thebreast <strong>of</strong> the deceased a woodenplatter, containing a small quantity<strong>of</strong> salt and earth, separate and unmixed—theearth, an emblem <strong>of</strong> thecorruptible body ; the salt, an eml)lem<strong>of</strong>the immortal spirit. All fireis extinguished where a corpse iskept; and it is reckoned so ominousfoi- a dog or cat to pass over it, thatthe poor animal is killed withoutmei'cy. Pennant.The Black Watch.—The 42nfl Highlanders,known as the "Black Watch,"got that title from the followmg circumstances:—In1730, six indeijendent companics<strong>of</strong> Highlanders were raised for theprotection <strong>of</strong> Edinburgh, and for looliceand other local purposes, and beingdressed in black, blue, and green tartans,they presented a very sombre apiDearance,which procured them the name <strong>of</strong> " FreiceadanDubh," or "Black Watch." Theseindependent companies w-ere, in 1739,amalgamated into a regular regiment,under the title <strong>of</strong> the ' ' Highland liegiment,"which in 1751 was numbered the42nd.Coal Production <strong>of</strong> the World.—According to the best authorities, thecoal protluction <strong>of</strong> the world is about200,000,000 <strong>of</strong> tons annually. GreatBritain furnishes over 120,000,000 tons <strong>of</strong>this amount, or consideralily over onehalf.In the United States, with all theirvast coalfields, only 41,000,000 <strong>of</strong> tons areraised for a population <strong>of</strong> 39,000,000,whilst the above large quantity <strong>of</strong>120,000,000 are raised in Great Britain,M'hich has only 32,000,000 inhabitants.It is true that out <strong>of</strong> these 120,000,000about 12,000,000, are exported, and thatin the United States the suj^ply <strong>of</strong> woodfor ordinary fuel is almost unlimited.
—>24 THE GAEL. September, 1873.NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS AND and is also expected to ascendISLANDS.Ben Nevis as far as the lake. TheLewis. — A larg-e miinber o{ bonlires are to be lighted on thefamilies and single persons have emigratedfrom this island during- the and the regatta comes <strong>of</strong>f on thenight <strong>of</strong> her Majesty's ari'ival,present season. The maj(jrit3^ <strong>of</strong> day <strong>of</strong> her visit to Gleucoe. Athem went to the different provinces rumonr is circulated, and is genei--<strong>of</strong> the Dominion <strong>of</strong> (*auada. They ally credited, that negotiations ai'ereport very favourably. Several in pi-ogress with a view to jiurchasewere assisted by Sir James Matheson,the kind-hearted pi-opriett)r <strong>of</strong> Highness the Duke <strong>of</strong> Edinburgh.the Liverloch}^ estate for His Ro^'alLewis and Achany.Although Her Majest}^ has declinedFoRT-WlLLlAM.— -It is rumoui'ed to receive any ]iublic demonstrationin this district that we are likely tolose the able minister <strong>of</strong> Netlier-Lochabei-, viz., the Rev. AlexanderStewart, <strong>of</strong> the Parish <strong>of</strong> Ballachulishand Ardg'our, who is said to haveevery chance <strong>of</strong> being- ti-anslatedfi-om here to the Parish <strong>of</strong> Ardchattan,Loch Etive, near Bonawe.The patron <strong>of</strong> the Parish is DuncanCampbell, Es(i. <strong>of</strong> Lochnell, who isnow resident, we Ijelieve, at Ilighwo(jd,Lochetiveside.The Queen's visit to theWest Highlands.—Her Majestythe Queen will leave Balmoral Castleeai-ly this month for LiverlochyCastle. The arrangements are. Ikjwever,kept as secret as possible, andthere will be no public demonstrationat Inverlochy on her Majesty'sarrival, she having expressed a desirethat the strictest pi-ivacy should bemaintained. The Prince <strong>of</strong> Wales,the Duke <strong>of</strong> Edinbai-gh, PrinceChristian, and other distinguishedvisitors are expected at Liverlochyilluminated, while bonfires are tol)la/e on the tops <strong>of</strong> all the mostjirominent hills. Her Majesty,during- her stay at Liverlochy, willvisit (jJ lencoe, (ilenroy, Loch Arkaig-,<strong>of</strong> loyalty on Her arrival, it is expectedthat she will be present atHigliland games and sports wliichare to be promoted for the occasion.The Celtic Language. — Mr.Gladstone, in his address at theWelsh Eisteddfod, said — " Theylooked at the Highlands <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>,and found the people speakingGaelic,and they knew that the great mass<strong>of</strong> the people were also hostile tothemselves. They looked at Wales,•Aiid then, I am afraid, misled bythis false analogy, they said to themselves," Welshmen speak Welsh."The language tends to make themhostile to us. We will use everypower, the law and political andecclesiastical influence can give us,in order to—what shall I say'drive ' is a hard word, yet I mayalmost say to drive them into the'use <strong>of</strong> the English, and the abandonment<strong>of</strong> their native tongue.' ^Vliathas been the result i Li <strong>Scotland</strong>the people are rapidly giving up(Jastle during- her Majesty's stay, Gaelic. There is not a valley inwhich is expected to extend over a the Highlands where th« use <strong>of</strong> thefortnight. A series <strong>of</strong> triumphal (iaelic is not receding more andarches are to be erected on the road laon; from the focuses <strong>of</strong> civilisation.from Kingussie to Liverlochy and In Ireland I understand that nowthe town <strong>of</strong> Fort William is to be thei-e is nobody who does not understandEnglish. In Wales, on theother hand, it is said that 800,000people still cling to their nativetongue in spite <strong>of</strong> all the jiressurewhich has been put on them,"
;G- .A. I X) s: E ^^ x.IT. Leabh.] TREAS MIOS AN FHOGHARAIDH, 1873. [20 Air.DONNCHA CAIMBEUL.III.Bha beachdaii saobh-chreideacli airau deargaclh air iantinn Dhonnchaileis a' clioiiiiieamh mhi-f hortanach abli' aige ri taiinasg a' pbiobaire, dhethiiach d'f huair e cuibhte (a reir coslais)am fad 's bii bheo e; ui a tha 'iiochdadhau cnram agus an f haicill a bucbuir a bbi air an cleachdadh ann abbi a' toirt cumachd do mhaothbbeachdaninntinn na h-oigi-idh. Ise teisteas Ciobair EttricJc niu Dhonncha,nach b'aithne dha rianib neachair an robh uiread do eagal roimhbhocain anns an dorcha. Bha aleithid de bhuaidh aig na faoinbheachdanud air 'f Laireachdnimieanagus air a bhreitlmeacliadh, agusnach bu chomasach dha am fuadachair falbh eadlioin le solus a reusainagus a thuigse. Cho hiath agus achiaradh am feasgar, bhiodh e aucomhnuidh a'sealltuinu a mach airsonnan creutaireau diomhair ud aig naclirobh bith an taobh a mach d' a mhacmeamnafeiu, le suil eudmhoir amharusaichair gach toui agus preas, aireagal gu 'm faf)dadh iad a bin ri feallfholach 'n am measg, ullamh gu leuma mach 'n a dhail ana an tiota. Na 'ncoinnicheadh e ri neach anns andorcha, no na 'n cluinneadh e fuaimobann air bith, bu leoir e gu a chaiunta thoirt uaithe car nine.Air dha Dewar fhagail, bha e cargreis air seabhaideachd bho aite guaite. Bu choltach gu' n do choisinne cairdeas agus comhfhulangas ant-sluaigh air sgath 'oige, a mhaise, achrannchur aimbeartach, faondrach,agus an gradh a bh' aige d' a chompanachdileas, Oscar; oir mar 'bubhitheanta, bhafuran agus caoimhneasair an nochdadh dha anus gach aiteair an tugadh e 'aghaidh. Bhacuimhne aige air ainm 'athar agus'aite comhnuidh; ach mar nach cualaan sluagh air an robh e a tathaichiomradh riamh air aon seacli aondhiu, cha robh a' bheag- de shuim acado 'n chuis.Dh' f liuiriche faisg airda bhliadhnaami an aite d' an goirte Cow/iaiir, gusan d' thug creutair suarach a buchompanach leapa dha, droch laimhseachadhdha, air dhoibh cui' a machair a clieile. <strong>An</strong>n an spioi'ad feiigeagus dioghaltais, dhirich Donncha adh'ionnsuidh an lobhta, ghearr e ad,brogan agus cota-sabaid a chompauaich'n an stiallan; agus dh' f hag ean t-aite mu 'n d' thaiuig an oidhche.Bha e air allaban car nine 'n adheigh sud feadh nan tuathauachtimchioU na Tweed agus na Yarrowach thaiuig an caithe-beatha ud gubhi anal)arrach neo-thaitneach dha.Cha b'lUTainn dlia cadal leis fein,agus cha bu toigh leis na seii'bhisich,mar 'bu bliitlieanta, balach fuadain le'chu a ghabhail mar choimhleabach.Air feasgar flinch, mu dheireadh anfhogharaidh, thainig* Donncha gutigh ra' athar; cha robh a' bheag deaodach uime ach seaun chota dubha rinneadh do neach eigin a b' airdena esan, agus a bha ruigheaohd gu'shailtean ; bha 'f halt viobagach, caisreagach,agus air 'f hailceadh leis na^ioiitan ; ach bha 'aodan urail, eireachdail,agus a' taisbeauadh comharraidheaiisoilleir air fallaineachdcuirp, agus air ci'idhe faireachail agustoinisg'eil. Bha Oscar ach beag chomhor ris feiu, agus air dath an15
226 AN GAIDHEAL. xreas Mios an thogharaidli, 1873.t-sionnaicli, le stiall gheal'ii a aodanii, bu toigb leinn dol ro dblutb air naag-us cearcal geal mu'anibaicli—cha'n puill eagalacb anns an robb iad a'fliaca mi rianili cu-chaorach eile a b' tuineacbadb. Bba fuatb cridbe againndo'n diabbul, ged uacb robb moreagaloirnn roimbe; acb tannasg ! Ob!uambas nan uambasan! Bba fuaimeireaclidala. Tlialaidli mo chridlie riDoDiicha a cbeud sealladli a f huairmi dhetb, agiis ghuil mi le aoibhneas'ii uair a chuiiiiaic mi an caoiinhneasa iiochd mo pbarantan dlia. Ghabhmo mbathair a leitbid de tblacbddbeth, agus gu 'u robb a' cbiiid bumbo d' a b-uine air a toirt siias carlaitbeau arm an coualtradb ris. Bbamise gn bnnailteach 'u an cuideacbd,ag eisdeacbd le iogbnadb ri eacbdraidbgacb allabaiu troimb an deacbaidhe. Cba b' f bada gus an robbmo pbarantan cbo uigbeil uime agusged a bu mbac dhoibb fbein e.Sgeadaicb iad e le deise ur do dbrogaidgborm, agus cbeannaicb iad dbaboineid bbeag Gbaidbealacb, anns anrobb e a'sealltuinn cbo iongbradbach,agus nacb bu tamb no fois dboibb euamsa, gus an d' f buair iad dbomblesiuiie, bu trie a luidb sinn le ai' cinnfo'n aodach gus am l)itbeamaid animpis a bbi tacbdte. Bu toigb leinnna sithicbean agus na glaistigean;bba sinn i-ud-eigin baigbeil ris namaigbdeanan-maia, air sgatb an aiilidlicacbdfein, agus biiineas an cuidoran ;acb bba sinn iiid-eigin ambarusacbmu na b-eicli-uisge, agus cbabocain, tannaisg no spioraid, marbbeum cluig leirsgrios'n ar cluasan,agus a' dol troimb ar cridbeacbanmar sbaigbdean fuar a' bbais. BbaDonncba a' buacbailleacbd spreidbm' atbar re an t-sambraidb ; bba misegu bunailteacb 'n a cbuideacbd— cbab' urrainn sinn fuireacb dealaicbtebbo cbeile. Db' f bas sinn cbo ealantaair iasgacb's nacb racbadb na briebballacb as oirnn a db' aindeoin amfui'acbrais agus an seoltacbd. Butrie acbuirsiun seisdeadbri aiteacbancombnuidb nan seileinean fiadbaich,agus a spuiim sinn iad dbetb anionmbasan milJis, ged nacb b'ann gunfbios c' arson. Bba na sgeapan cbolionmbor air feadb nau ailein agusgu 'm faigbte iad fo gacb spagbfbeoir agus anns gacb tuilmein.Na 'n tacbradb dbuinn ionnsuidb aletb-bbreac boineid Dbonncbai. Bbagacb ni a tbeireadb no a dbeanadh e,a reir mo bbeacbdsa, 'n an eiseimpleirdbomb ; oir gbradbaicb mi e mar mo tboirt air sgeap anns am biodb lanreisimeid,bbeatba fein. Air 'iarrtas, db' aslaicbcba b' ainmig a b' eiginuagus f buair mi cead cadal leis, agus dbuiim an ruaig a gbabbail gunb' ioma latba agus oidbcbe sholasacb cbombarradb buaidbe no cobbartacb.a cbuir mi seacbad le Donncba agus Bu trie le Oscar a bbi 'g ar cuideacbadbanns gacb iorghuill de'n t-seorsaud, agus mur tuiteadb d' a naimbdeanle Oscar.Cbo fad 's is cuimbne leam, cba b'aitbne dbuiim uireasbbuidb do sbeor-dol an sas 'n a tharr no fo 'earbuU,sa air bitb ;l)biodb ar sonas iomlan, b' esan am fear mu dbeireadb de 'nmur bhitb iia bba do eagal oirnn roi na triuir a gbabbadb an teicbeadb.spioraid. Na 'n tacbradb dbuinn toiseacbadbair seanacbas mu Pbiobaire riamb sealladb eile a b' abbacbdaicbeCba cbuimbne leam gu 'm faca miDheivar, mu Mbaigbdeaii Phlora, no na bbi faicinn Oscair air a cbuairteacbadble neul dumbail de sbeiliein-mu Mbarsanta-siubbail muilliiin Tliireanfiadbaicb, agus e a' cuibbleadbmu 'a cuairt, a tiolpadb tball 's a bbos,agus a' sior-chratbadb a cbluasan.Bba aig Oscar tombas do gbeirethoinisgeil a bba acb beag docbreidsiim; mar sbeirbbiseacb dileas,bba 'ndiisneacb agus a sbuairceaseiseimpleireacb eadboin do cbreutairreusauta. Da uaii', tbiorc e beatba
;;;Tre&s iXios an Fhogharaidh, 187S. AN GAIDHEAL. 227chulthaobh m'atbaraun am ineadhouaibhne, agiis i'n a laii thuil. ShnamhOscar a uuU air thoiseach orra; chabu luaithe a tluilt Douncha, ua a lenmOscar a mach as a dheigh; air a'cheud sathadh rug e air boineidDhoDDchai, ach dhealaich a cheanurithe, ghrad-leig e as i, agus air anath ionnsiiidh fhuair e greim aircoileir a chota agus shlaod e gu traighe. Dhuisgeadh e Donncha gachmaduinn aig au am shuidhichte;thilleadh e an crodh gun ordugh, gunugbdarras, ua m faiceadh e iad a' dolcearr. Na 'n tuiteadh an sgian alaimh Dounchai, ghiulaineadh Oscar'n a bheul i . Na 'n cuirte air falbh etilleadh e gun 'f haotaiiin. Aig siabliadhna deug a dh-aois, an deighdha bhi a dba no tri laithean gu tinn,Dhonncliai; aon nair, bho ionnsuidh bbasaich e-air oidhche araid fo leabaa thug tarbli ^uinideach air, agiis 'mhaighistir. Mu f heasgar, 'n uairiiair eile a thuit e thar eich bho a thainig Donncha a stigh bho antreabhadh, thainig e mach bho'ionadfoluich,chrath e 'earbull, dh' imlich elamh Dhonnchai, agus chaidh e airais gu leaba a bhais. Rinn Donnchaagus mi fein caoidh air a shon le brongun cheilg; thiodhlaic sinn e aig buncraobli chaorainn air taobh cuil garaidhm' athar; chuir sinn suas clachcheithir-chearnach aig a cheaun, agusan uair mu dheireadh a bha mi anusan aite, fhuair mi i 'u a seasamh,direach mar dh' f hag sinn i. Le morshaothair, rinn siun suas rannancuimhneachain eadaruinn, a ghearrsinn air a'chloich. Bha an raiintachdgle mhath, ach bha a' chlach cruaidhagus an grabhaladh cho eu-domhain,agus gu 'm bheil na liti'ichean,cosmhuil ri solasan ar-u oige air anan toir air iii air bith a rachadh airchall, dh'fhaodte bhi cinnteach nachdubhadh a mach agus air dol as ant-sealladh.MuileacH.AN GOBHAINN.(Ri leantuinn.)Le Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.Tha cheardach bheag fo sgail na craoibh'Tha 'cinntinn dluth do 'n stuaidhTha 'u gobhainn dreachmhor, laidii-, treun,Le neul na slain t' 'n a ghruaidh'S a ghairdean calma, feitheach, mor,Mar ghàd d' an iarunn chruaidh.Tha 'f halt dubh, fada, brisgeach, garbh,Tha 'aodann donn mar bhein ;Tha 'bhathais flinch le fallus trom,'S e 'n geall aii- 'obair fein,Gun sgath fo shuil an t-saogh'il air fad,'S gun e 'n eis'meil neach fo 'n ghrein.mhoch gu oidhch', a ghnath 's gun tamh,Cluinnidh tu 'bhuilg ri srannA's slachdraich ghramail an uird-mhoLr,Gu riagh'lteach, socair, teann,Mar bhuille cluig 's a' chlachan chiuin,Aig ciaradh feasgair fann.
!;;—228 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Fliogharaidh, 187S.Aig ilonis na ceardacb, clami na sgoil',Ged 's aotram, ait an ceum,Seasaidh, le tìamh roimh 'n teine mhor,'S na builg is toirmeach geum,'S a' coimhead nan sradan 'tha, mar mhoUAir urlar-bualaidb, 'leum.Di-Domhnaich, an tigh-aoraidli Dhe,'S a mhic ri 'thaobh le baigh,Suidhidh e 'g eisdeachd Sgeiil na Sith,A's chiinnidh e 'nighean gliraidhA' seinn gu binn 's a' choisir-chinil,'S lionaidh a chridh' Ian aigh.Tha 'guth, thar leis, mar ghuth a math'r,Am Paras Dhe a' liiaidhEiridh i siias 'n a bheaclid a ris,Ged tha i sinnt' 's an uaigh;'S le 'laimh chruaidh siabaidh e air falbhNa deui-a bharr a ghruaidh.Gu saoth'reach,—aoibhneach,—doilgheasach,Tha 'bheatha 'ruith gun tamhNÌ ùr 'g a thoiseachadh gach moch,'S e deas aig crioch an la;Rud-eigin feuchta, rud-eigin reidh,'S a dhuais,—trom-chadal tlath.Air son an teagaisg 'fhuair sinn uait,Taing dhuit a charaid chaoinMar so, air teallach dhearg an t-saogh'il,Oibrichear crannchur dhaoin''S air innein cruaidh na beatha fos,Dealbhar gach gniomh a's smaoin.Eadar. le Mac-Mharcuis.MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.XIV.LINN OISEIN AGUS NA FEINNE.Am measg nan g-iiiomharan iomraiteacha riimeadh le Oscar, macOisein, tha air 'aiumeachadh cath achuir e ri Caros, Righ nan Long." Ciod a tha Cai'os Righ nan long a'deanamh?" arsa Oscar ri Raoine."Am bheil e a' sgaoileadh sgiathanuabhairf" Tha e'g an sgaoileadh,"ars' am bard, " air culaobh adhaingnich." Tha Dan aig Oiseanmu thimchioll a' chogaidh a bhaair 'ainmeachadh an so. Tha e agradh gun do chuii-eadh an oathair bruachaibh Charruinn nan lùbagus gu 'n do chuireadh an teicheadhair Caros. Cha 'n 'eil teagamhuach e an Caros so, an traoiteir,Carausins, a bha 'gabhail da feinurram agus tiodal an Impire amis a'bhliadhna 287, 'n uair a ghlac e
Treas Alios an Fliogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 229Breatunn agns a thug e buaidh airau Impire Alnximian Herculiits, anaan iomadh loiig-chath. Is aim o auni so a their Oiseau Eigh nan longmar ainm ris. Thainig Caraiisius soagus chairich e suas balla Agricolagu bacadh a chur air aa Caledonaicho bhristeadh a stigh air taobh deasBhreatuinn. Is i Carumi nan lùb anabhainn Carruuu a tlia laimh I'is a'bhalla a thog Agricola am fagus do 'naite ris an abrar an Eaglais Blireac.A reir coslais 'n uair a bha Caravsiusa' daingneachadh agus a' caramh a'bhalla so, gu neart a chosuadh dhafein, thainig Oscar agus buidheanude na Gaidheil air agus chuir lad aniTiaig air, 'n uair a bha e a' sgaoileadhsgiathan ua h-iolaire, bratacli nanRomanach, air culaobh na daingnichchairichte. Dearbhaidh an da ni soa riun sinn 'ainraeachadh gur h-ann's an treas linn a bha Fionn beo. Oirnia bha Fionn a' cogadh ri Caraculmac iShevei'uis's a' bhliadhna 217, aigtoiseach na linne, agus Oscar macOisein a' cogadh ri Caros 's a' bhliadhna287, aig deireadh ua linne, feumaidhe bhi gur li-i so linn Oisein agus uaFeinne. Tha so a' cordadh ris nah-eachdraichibh Eirionuach, a thaag radh gu 'n d' f huair Fionn macChumhail bas auns a' bhliadhna 283,agus gu'n d' f huair Oscar agus CairbreRuadh bas anus a' bhliadhna 296;bha sin mu thimchioU naoi bliadhuaan deigh do Charos Breatunn aghlacadh 'n uair a bha e fein. agusOscar a' cogadh ri cheile. Tha fioscinnteach agaiun gu 'n robh aut-Impire Septiviius Severus auu anCaledonia, agus gu 'u do choinnich eri cruadalaibh ris nach robh duil aige,oir chain e mu thimchioll 50,000saighdear air an turus so, mai- thaDion Cassivs ag innseadh 's aneachdraidh. Dearbhaidh an ui singu'n robh sluagh lionmhor, treun,gaisgeil, eolach air cogadh anus a'tìhaidhealtachd, a reir an iomraidh atha Oisean a' deanamh orra anus naDanaibh; oir cha do thachair anleithid ail- na Romanaich riabh annau aite air bith air uachdar aut-saoghail ged a chuir iad an domhanuile fo cheaunsal. Air au aobhar sincha ruig sinn a leas iongantas aghabhail gu 'u robh Fionn agus naseaun Ghaidheil eolach air cogadh,'n uair a bha iad a' coinneachadh risna Romanaich anus an arfhaich.B' eigin do 'n Imj/ire Severus jjilltinnair ais air a shall agus an duthaich'fhagail aca fein a chionn uach b'urrainn iad a cumail leis an laimhlaidir.Tha na h-uile coslas aosmhaireachdair Danaibh Oisein. 'N uair a dh'iuntrinueas daoiue anu an comuim isi staid na Sealgaireachd a cheudseorsa cuideachd a chuireas iad suas.<strong>An</strong> deigh sin thig staid na Buachailleachd,agus a ris staid au Treabhachaisno ua Tuathauachd; agus anceathramh staid, staid na Co-uiharsandachd.A nise chi gach neach aleughas Dain Oisein gur h-i a' cheudstaid auns au robh esau alathair: cha'n 'eil ui air feadh a chuid dan achsealg us fiadhach. Is cosmhuil gu 'urobh staid na Buachailleachd a' toiseachadh,oir gheibhear iomradh airroinn na treuda 'n uair a dhealaicheasfear agus bean o cheile ; ach cha 'n'eil guth sam bith air Tuathanachdno air Co-mharsandachd air feadh nanDan uile. Faodar a cho-dhunadh o 'uni so gu'n robh Oisein beo'n uair abha ua Gaidheil a' toiseachadh rieolas 'fhaotainn air Buachailleachdagus spreidh. Thachair so mu 'ncuairt do thoiseach na coigearahlinne, 'n uair a thoisich ua Gaidheilri dealachadh a chur eadar an cuidfein agus cuid au coimhearsnaich.Aig an am so thoisich iad ri aiteancomhnuidhseasmhach athogail doibhfein, agus lion iad na tigheau moraso le creach nam Breatunuach deasa bha fo chuing nan Romanach,
230 AN GAIDHEAL. Tieas llios an Fhogharaidh,<strong>An</strong>ns a' bliliadhna 426 dh' fhag naRomanaich Breatunn, agiis an sinbha na Breatunnaicli ruisgte, gTindidean, mar clireich do na Gaidlieil.Chuir iad fios a chum nan Roraanachair son cobliair, agus an nair nach b'uiTainn do na Romanaich so adheanamh, chuir iad teachdaireachda dh-ionnsnidh nan Sacsonach anusa' Ghearmailt. Thainig na Sacsonaicha nail gu'u comhuadh, agusphill na Gaidheil dhachaidh gu 'n tirfeiii. Thoisich an sin na Scuitichagiis na Pictich, an da fhine Gaidhealachair cogadh ri cheile, agus airtogail nan creach. A nise cha 'n 'eilOisean a' deanamh luaidh sam bithair aon de na nithibh so. Uime sincha 'n 'eil e cosmhuil gu'n robh maoinair a roinn, agus a chuid fein aiggach neach r' a linn-san. Uime sin,faodar a cho-dhuuadh gu reusantagu'n robh Oisean ann mu 'n dothoisich an t-eadar-dhealachadh soann am maoin am measg nanGaidheal mu thoiseach na coigeamhlinne. <strong>An</strong> t-iomradh a tha e a'deanamh aii- na Romanaich cha b'urrainn bard Gaidhealach an deighan am so a dheanamh le bhi rannsachadheachdraidh na Roimhe ; oiran deigh na linne so bha na Gaidheilcho aiueolach agus air fas cho fiadhaich's nach robh e comaaach dhoibha leitliid a dheanamh idir. Ach, theirneach, ciamar a chaidh na Dain aghleidheadh air chuimhne, ma rinneadhiad cho tratli ris an treas linn,no ris a' cheathramh liiui ? Air tusfreagi'amaid, 'n uair a theid a' chuisf hagail aig beul-aithris, tha e cheartcho furasda rud a chumail airchuimhne fad da mhile bliadhna,agus a tha e fad da cheud bliadhna.Oir feumaidh an t-athair a theagasgdo 'n mhac, agus am mac do 'n ogha,agus mar sin air adhart ; agus 'n uairis gnionih cuimhne a tha ann tha ean t-aon chuid do 'n mhac ionnsachadho athair, cia dhii;bh is e 'athairfein a rinn e, no is ann a f huair esanshean-athair no o a shiim-seanathairan ni a rinneadh le daoinibheile an linnibh o chian. Gleidhidha' chuimhne an dara ni cho maith risan ni eile. Agus a rithist feumar athuigsinn gu 'n i-obh a bhard fein aiga' h-uile Ceaim-cinnidh am measgnan Gaidheal, agus gu 'm b' i adhreuchd ghuathaichte a bhi ag aithrisnan Dan so air beulaobh nan uachdai-an,oii- bha so taitueach do nacinn-f headhna, a chionn gu'n robhgach aon diubh a' creidsiim gu 'mb' iad na gaisgich a tha air an ainmeachadhle Gisein an sinnseara fein.Bha na cinn-f headhna a' misueachadhnam bard gus na dain a ghleidheadhair chuimhne le bhi toirt duais do 'nneach bu mho adh'aitbriseadhdhiubh.Mar sin bhiodh na baird a' stri richeile a dh-fheuchainn co dhiu bumho a ghleidheadh air chuimhne deliune.na nithibh a chaidh ainmeachadhfaodar a chreidsinn gu'n robh na Danaibh; agus bhiodh amannauOiseiu a' seinn a dlian mu dheireadh suidhichte aca anns am biudh iad 'gna treas no toiseach na ceathramh an aithris air beulaobh cuideachd dena cinn-f headhna. Air an doigh sobha na Dain air an cumail anchuimhneagus leis an tlachd a bhana Gaidheil a' gabhail annta chab' f hurasda leo an leigeil air diochuimhne.A thuilleadh air s<strong>of</strong>aodar a thoirt fainear gu 'm bheil a'chuimhne moran na 's treise aig andream sin nach urrainn leughadh nosgriobhadh idir, na tha i aig an dreama tha ag earbsadh ris na treosdaiusin gu an cuideachadh. Agus 'n uairnach robh na baird a' deanamh nisam bith eile fad laithean am beathaach a' seinn nan Dan so cha b' urrainniad an leigeil air chah. Tha so a'dearbhadh mar an ceudna gur h-i a'Ghailig a labhair luchd-aitich na tireaig an am ud, oir cha ghabhadh iad
;;;!;)i;hai-aidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 231gleidheadh air chuimhue ach aun ancainut an t-sluaig-h am measg an dochiiireadh iad ri cheile o thoiseach.[Mearachd Clobhualaidh.—<strong>An</strong>nan Aireamh 17 de 'n Ghaidheal,ail- taobh-duilleig 132, aig sreath 21o'n bhraigh, an deigli nam briathran,"Feilim mac Fhearglinis," cuir astigh na focail so, "Oglia do LathurnaMor Mac Earca, brathair Fhearghuismhic Earca." A dli-easbhuidh nambriathi-an so cha 'n 'eil seadh ceartanns an ni a cliuireadh sios, oir, chab'e Fearghus athair Fheilim, ach.Fearghus, brathair Lathurna a bha 'na righ an Earraghaidheal. PhosFearghus, mac Ghonuill nigheanLathurna, brathair Fhearghui s mhoirmhic Earca agus b' i a' bhean sosean-mhathairChaluim-chille,agusb'eLathurna mor a shinnsean-athair.]D. B. B.(Ri leantuinn.)KEY E flat.BeatiiiL; twice tuA NIGHEAN BONN AN T-SUGRAIDH.SEISD.A nighean donn an t-sugraidh,'S mo chaileag lagkach, shunndach,—A nighean donn an t-sugraidh.Gu 'n siubhlainse air m aineol leat.Gur ann oidhch' Fheill-BrideA bhruadair mi os iosal'S 'n uair thioimdaidh gu briodal,Cha d' f huair mi f bin ach faileas diot.A nighean donn, d-c.A' chiad Di-luain d' an raidheGhabh mi moran graidh ortGu 'm fagaimise mo chairdean,'S air saile rachaimi thairis leat.A nighean donn, d-c.Tha t' f halt a sios mu d' ghuaillibh,Air dhath an oir, 'n a dhualaibhIs math'thig sioda luachmhor,Mu ghuaillibh grinn na h-ainnire.A nighean donn, dx.Do ghraaidhean mar na rosan,Do braghad mar an neoinean ;<strong>An</strong> gaol a thug mi og dhuitCha bhi mi beo mur faigh mi thu.A nighean donn, d-c.Do phog air bhlas nam figis,Do dheud cho geal 's an ibhri;Is lionmhor fear 'tha 'n ti ort,'S gu dilinn nach f haigh iad thu.A nighean donn, die.Cha 'n e maud do storaisA chuir mi f bin an toir ortThug mi gaol 's mi og dhuit,'N uair bha mi gorach, amaideach.A nighean donn, d:c.Ged bu learn de storas,Na bheil 's an Fhraing 's an Olaind,Gu 'm b' f hearr learn bhi riut posdaNa or an Righ ged fhaighinn e.A nighean donn, d-c.Is mise 'tha fo eislein,Gach latha 's mi ag eirigh,A' cuimhneachadh air m' eucaig,A's Mac-a-gheill a' laidhe leath'.A nighean donn, èc.
—232 AN GAIDHEAL. Troas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873.ln-iiadar, ach is mise nacli creid sin.Chaidh mi an raoii" chura mo leajDachgle throm, airsnealacli, sgitli, an deiglidliomli an la fada samhraidli a chiirseacliad o mhocli gu dubh amis nabeanntaibli, agus 's ann air eiginn alaidh mi sios an uair a tluiit mi 'nam tbrom-cliodal.MuRACHADH.—Ciod dlietli sill, aClioinnich, cLa 'n iongantach ged atliuiteadh duine saruichte 'n a cliodalmar 'eil ni sam bitli a' cur as da ach fiorsgios—acli ciamar a tha do shlainte,'Choinnicb, agus ciamar a cbaidbgacb cuis leat o 'n cbunnaic mi mudbeireadb tbu? Is toilinutinn nacbbeag dhombsa do cbomblacbadb andiugb 's an aite iomallacb so. Ach,a laochain choir, dean suidhe, agusfaiglicainaid gacb uracbd a dh' fheudasa bhi agad, dean suidhe, agus sin thufein air an tolman thioram, uaine so.Coin.—Ma ta, a Mhuracbaidli,chuir thu casgadb orm an uair a bhami 'dol a dh-iniiseadh dhuit gu 'ndeacbaidh mi gle sgitb gu tamb anraoir, agus Seonaid bboclid, modbeadh cbeile ri m' thaobh. Air balltliuit mi 'n am throm-sbuain, achcbunnaic mi l)ruadar, agus b' e sinam bruadar firinneach da-rireadh.Shaoil mi gu 'n d' thug mi am fireacborm air la grianach, blatli 's a'Cheitean, agiis nacb luaitb a db' fbagmi an tigb na cbuala mi glaodlina cubbaige. Gbreas mi orm gugrad, dhiricb mi Sron-na-gaoithe,chaidh mi null air Beallach-a'-blialgair, agus chomblaich mi modbeadh charaid, Murachadh Ban airC O Ikl H R A D Hgu 'r tusa Murachadh Ban, agusEADAR MURACHADH BAN AGUS mar sin, gun dull idir ris, choimlilioiiadbmo bbruadar.COIXXEACH CIOBAIR.CoiNNEACH.—Tha moran a' cumail MuR.—Tha sin gle iongantach, aa macb, a Mhuracbaidli, nacli 'eil Choinnicb, ach tha thu 'g radh nacbbrigb uo blagli sam bitli ami am luaitb' a chaidh thu macb 's a' mbaduinii'n a cbual thu a' chubbag, aguscha robb sin chum docbuinn 's amliitb dhuit, ma gliabh thu do loninaidne; ach mur do ghabb, cha 'n'eil ann ach gnotbuch tubaisteach,agus cha 'n 'eil fios agam ciod a theirmi mu 'n chuis. Thubhairt feareigin d' ar sinnsearaibb glic fein, airda na raointean a tboirt air mar arinn tbusa an diugb :" Chunnaicmi'nt-seilcheagairanlic luim,Chuala mi 'chubhag gun ghreim 'n ambhroimi,Chuniiaic mi 'n searach 's a chulaobh rium,A's clh' aithnicli mi nacli rachadh a'bhliadhii' so learn."Coin.—Dean air do shocair, aMhuracbaidli, cbuala mi a' chubbaggun teagamb ann am bruadar, achcha 'n f hac mi an searach, agus geda chitbeadb bu bheag m'eagal roinibe.Cha 'n fhac mi an t-seilcheag air anlie luim, ach is iomadb seilcheagbhog, shleamhuinn, shnagach a chitliearanns na b-amannaibb so, a macbair feadh an t-saogbail—seilcbeaganle lambaii agus cosan, agus cridlieacbancealgacb,—agus is mise nacbiarr an comunn ! Ciod a' gliaotb asbeid an ratbad so tbusa an diugb, aMburchaidb 1 Is toileachas gundull ris t' fbaicinn, fliir mo chridbe.Mur.—Cha robb smuain sam bithagam do chomblacbadb air an la soann an Leitear-nan-cno : ged a bbruadairtbusa sin, a Choinnicb, cha dobbruadair mise e, agus cha d'inndrinne 'n am chridbe gu 'n tacbradh e;ach is fhad o 'n cbual sinn gu 'n" Coinnich na daoiue, ged nacb coinnichna cnuic." Ach innis domhLeitear-nan-ciio. Agus nacb iongantachan aisling sin a cbunnaic mi, oir ciod mu 'n robb thu an de, an uair anacb e a' cbeart bbad so Leitear-nancno?agus tha fios aig an t-saoghal sgioa. Bha thu a macb airbha thu CO nior air do cblaoidb lefeadh
Ti-eas WioB an Fhogharaiilh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 233nam beann, mar a thubliaii't tliii, ach an damh alainn 'n a luidhe, le 'chosaibhsinte mach, agus a cheann morciod ris an robh tliu'?Coin.—Ma ta, a Mhurachaidh le chabairibh crochdach, biorach guchoir, cbaidli mu 'macb mi 'n d' eirich domhain an sas 's an talamh. " Thig*an so, a Sheumais, agus iimis domhciod an comhar-cluaise so tha mia' gbrian, maille ri Uilleam forsaiiagusa chuid con, chum a 'bhi 'g ancleachdadh ri ruagadh nan fiadh, gubhi'deanamh deas air son na faoghaidaig deireadh an fhogharaidh. Feumaidhna coin a bhi air an cleachdadhgu trath ris an obair, agus thaUilleam forsair dichiollach chum sina dheauamh, agus uine sin, chaidhmi air 'iarrfcas maille ris an de chumna beinne, agus's ann aig mo chosaibhtha fios.MuR.— E,o cheart, a Choinnich, rocheart, ach god a leudaich thusa agusmise 'n ar suidhe ann an Coire-nangobharo cheann shea seachdain airais air cleachdannaibh nan ainmhidh,tha mi fein gle aiueolach fathast airan ruig na feidh ma leigear leo.Coin.-—Cha 'n 'eil teagarah air sin.Tha e cinnteach gu 'm bheil feidhanns na beanutaibh eadar SiorramachdPheii't agus Earraghaid heal arainig ceithir, cuig, agus sea ficheadbliadhn' a dh-aois, agus is mor sin.Mu leth-cheud bliadhna roimhe sodh' fhalbh Mac Mhic-Alasdaii- agusduin'-uasaleile a mach chum na seilge,agus cha b' fhad gus an do leumdamh mor a mach as a' choille dliuibha bha ri 'n taobh. Ghrad loisg MacMhic-Alasdair, agus thuit an damhmor, aluinn, crocach 'u a ghlag marbhail' an raon. Rinn e caoidh agus gulre seal marleanabh mu 'n deachaidhan anail as, agus bu chianail, tiamhaidha ran. Ghrad leum Gleaim-Garaidh, an t-uasal a bha maille ris,agus Seumas-mor am forsair aige suasdh' ionnsuidh an tolmahi, far an robh'faicinn air an damh." " Sin agaibh,"arsa Seumas, " comhar-cluaise EoghainMhic Iain Oig a bha 'n a fhorsairaig bhui' sinn-seanair, agus a dh' fhagan saoghalsoo cheann sheachd ficheadbliadhna; air chor a's gu 'm bheil andamh gun teagamh ceud gu lethbliadhna a dh-aois, no feudaidh ebhi moran tuilleadh." Bha ioghnadhgun teagamh air na daoin'-uaisle, aguschuii" iad mu dheibhinn an damh,anns an robh deich clachan ficheadcudthroim, a thoirt dh' ionnsindhcaisteal Ghlinne-Garaidh far an doghleidheadh na cabair aige gu curamachaii- balla an tallaidh-mhoir."gach ni mu shealg nam tiadh ; ach tha MuR.—Tha eagal orm, a Choinnich,nach 'eil anns na nithibh sinthusa eolach air cleachdannaibh namfiadh, agus air riaghailtibh na faoghaidagus nam miol-chon sheanga a Cha'n urrainn mise a chreidsinn guach faoin-sgeulan, agus fior bhoilich!theid a mach air an toir. Chual mi 'n ruig fiadh aii- aois co mor, aguscuid ag i-adh gur mor an aois chum ged a ruigeadh na 'n leigteadh leis,ciamar re na h-uine fhada sin, tha ecomusach do 'n ainmhidh bhochd efein a theasairginn o laimh a naimhdeanguineach agus gamhlasach ÌCoin.—Dh' fheudadh tu a radhceart co math, ciamar tha e comasachnach rachadh saighdear a dhithanns na blaraibh fuilteach, an uair abha na peleirean a' feadaii-eachdseachad aii' a chluasaibh, agus gachinneal marbhtach eile 'g am brasiomairtair gach taobh mu 'n cuairtda; agus trid an Fhreasdail araidhsin a ta'g a dhionadh, is iomadhsaighdear a tha air a theasairginn,gun an leonadh as lugha fhaotuinn,as na cathannaibh a 's teotha, agusa 's deine a chuireadh riamh. Ambheil duil agadsa nach gabh amFreasdal araidh ceudna curam dhethna feidh, agus dheth uile bheathaicheaneile na machrach 1 Tha iomradh
—I'234 AN GAIDHEAL. xreas Mio8 au Fhogliaraldh, 1S7S.am measg luchd-seilge air agh achunncas fad thri linntean ann amfrith Locli-treig. Bha i co geal risneachd nam beann, agus co furachair,seolta, 's nacli robh e idir com\isachdo na sealguiribh a bha bliadhn'an deigh bliadhna 'ii a deigh aonurchair 'f haotuinn oirre. Is iomadhrann agus oraii a ta 'ciir an ceill aoisnam fiadh, agus is minic a chual thufein an sean-fhocal, no an rann sina rinneadh, agns a chreideadh le 'rBÌnnsearaibh fein :" Tri aois coin, aois eich,Tri aois eich, aois duine,Tri aois duine, aois feidh,Tri aois feidh, aois fir-ein,Tri aois fir-ein, aois craoibh-dharaich."Cha 'n 'eil fios againne, a Mhurachaidh,ach gu cinnteach cha 'n f hurasdan sean-fhocal a bhreugnachadh, aguscha 'n fhurasd mar an ceudna antlachd agus an ciocras sin a thuigsinna ta aig an luchd-seilg gu bhi 'dol amach air toir nam liadh. Cha 'naithne dhomh briathra ui 's taitnicheannta fein, agus ni's freagarraichechum so a dhearbhadh na briathranAilean Ruaidh, forsair a bha aigseann Ghleann-Garaidh, an uair abha e air cromadh le h-aois. ThubhairtAilean, " Tha mi nis aosmhor,OS ceann cheithir fichead bliadhna;ach tha mo thur a's mo thoinisg agam,mo chiall is mo mheodhair mar a bhariamh. Tha da-rireadh a' choluinnair fas breoite, ach tha an inntinnbeothail, togarrach, agus ait. 'Chadirich mi bruthach, 's cha siubhal mimointeach' ni 's mo. Tha mo cheumgoii'id, agus is beag a bheir an anaildo 'n uchd; ach tha mo chridhe fathast's a' bheinn, agus aisling na h-oidhcheam measg nan stucau arda! Duisgidhan smior am chnamhaibhaosmhar, an uair a chluinneas mi'tailmrich dhos, a's chon, a'sshreang.' Is minic, an uair a shuidheasmi ri grein fo dhubhar a' bharraich,no am shineadh air na neonainaillidh, a thig cuimhne nan laitheana dh' fhalbh mar aisling na h-oigeair m' anam.''N sin chi mi air learn an gadharA leanadh mi anmoch a 's moch;'S na sleibh bu mhiann learn bhi taoghall,'S na creagan a f hreagradh do 'n dos.' "MuR.—Ubh! Ubh! aChoinnich,is tu a fhuair an t-eolas air na feidhagus air an sealgairibh ! <strong>An</strong> uairtha na nithe sin uile ro thaitneach,is anabarrach do mheomhair agus dochuimhne, an uair a tha e comusachdhuit an aithris mar a rinn thu ; achchum ar n-inntinn a shuidheachadhcar tacaiu beag air rud eigin eile,innis domh ciod na naidheachdanbhriagha a chunnaic agus a leughthu 's a' Ghaidheal, no 's an Ard-Albannach^ no an aite sam bith eileo 'n chunnaic sinn a cheile roimhe.CoiNN.—Ma ta, a charaid ionmhuinn,agus b'e sin thusa, tha, gunteagamh, moran, moran aig a'Ghaidheal agus aig an Ard-AIbannachvi radh, agus is iad a dh' aithriseasan sgeulachdan fein le tlachd, agusle beothalas gun choimeas. B' iadfein na gillean a b' urrainn. Islaoghach le cheile iad; agus airdoil^h a bhi 'n an dithis bhraithre,rachadh iad a mach cuideachd, agusthugadh iad misiieach do aon a cheilegu bhi dian, tairis, foighidinneach,agus cliu-thoilltinneach.MuR.—Is mor a ta aca r 'adheanamh,agus is iad a dh' fheumadh anluchd-cuideachaidh. Cha 'n 'eil e ancomas do aon neach leis fein, dh' aindeoina thapachd, greim a dheanamhair na h-uile nithibh, no aite a thoirtdoibh 'u a eanchainn fein, ged abliiodh a cheann co mor ri guitfhasgnaidh! Cha 'n 'eil, oir feumaidhe cuideachadh ; tha e 'faotuinnsin, agus gu mo fada, fada 'gheibh. Iscumhachdach Benton Mor fein, agusis dian, dichiollach, deas e chumgach bun agus barr, gach meacanagus freumh a bhuineas do'n chanain,
Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 235a tholladh a mach, agus a thoirt amfollais air uachdar na talmhainn.Coix,—Tha na ficheadan eile 's a'cliamp-chuideachaidh, agus 'n ammeasg-san an seann Srjiathanach, aigamblieil a reii- mo bheachd-sa, seillean'n a cheann, oil- mar biodh, c' arson achuireadh e faoineis agiis boilich anceill mu na rionnagaibh arms naspeuraibh, ag radh gu 'm bheil iadCO mor, agus co fad as; agus a thuilleadhair sin, ag innseadh dhuinngu 'm bheil an talamh a' dol muncuairt, agus a' ghrian 'n a seasamhgun charuchadli! Co a cliual riamhbaotliaii-eaclid agus gleormas cosmhuilri so ! <strong>An</strong> talamh a' dol mu 'ncuairt ! Nach 'eil mi 'faicinn Rudhana-caillich,agus Sroin-nam-aighean,agus Beinn-a-chuarain far am facasriamh iad? <strong>An</strong> talamh a' dol mu 'ncuairt ! Ochan!'s e nach 'eil ;—achtha eagal orm gu 'm bheil an creutair,Sgiathanach sin au* a thruailleadh lesaobh-chrabhadh a dhuthcha feinmu'n abradh e nithe co mi-chosmhuil,agus CO direach an aghaidh theisteanaisnan sul.MuR.—O, a Choinnich, a Choinnich,tha eagal oran a dh-aindeoin nannithe a tha tliu a' leughadh nach 'eilthu 'g an tuigsinn gu ceart. Na 'mbiodh, cha'n abradh tu gur faoineasan reultaireachd a chuLreadh sios fad' chomhair, ach nithe fior aguscinnteach. Ni mi dichioll aii* so adheanamh soilleir duit uair eigin andeigh so, ach cha 'n inndrinn mi airan duigh. Bu ro mhaith leam a nis,a Choinnich choir, gu 'n cuii-eadh tuan ceill began tuilleadh fathast muchleachdannaibh nan ainmhidh marchomharraibh air an aimsir, mar arinn thusa agus mise an uaii" achomhlaich sinn mu dheireadh r'acheile goirid o 'n aite aonaranach so.Coin.—Ma ta, a Mhurachaidh,feumaidh mi aideachadh nach 'eil aigan am so a' bheag agam air momheomhair, a thaobh nan nithe iongantachsin ; ach cha 'n 'eil teagamhagam nach tig nithe chum mochuimhne uair eigin an deigh so;agus ma thig, bheir mi seachad iad.Ach am bheil cuimhn' agad fein, aMhurachaidh, air neoni air choreiginmu na cleachdannaibh iongantachsin, do bhrigh gur tusa a'sfiosraich' agus a 's foghluimte namise.MuR.—Feumaidh mi 'aideachadh,a Choinnich, an uair nach robh duilagam gu 'n tachradh sinn an diughr 'a cheile mar a rinn sinn ann anLeitear-nan-cno, nach do shuidhichmi m' inntinn fein air na cuisibhtaitneach sin. Feudaidh mi 'ainmeachadh,gidheadh, gu 'm bhqil nacomharan ceudna mu 'n aimsir airan tarruing o nithibh eile mu 'ncuaii't duinn anns an t-saoghal ceartCO maith 's a ta iad o chleachdannaibhnan ainmhidh.Coin.—Cha 'n 'eil mi 'g ad thuigsinn,a Mhurachaidh, agus uime sinminich dhomh na nithe a tha thuciallachadh le eiseimpleii- no dha athoirt seachad mu 'n timchioll,MuR.—Ni mise sin, a Choinnich,agus an uair a mhinicheas mise nanithe a ta agam 's an amharc, cha 'n'eil teagamh agam nach cuimhnichthu fein air nithibh eile de 'n ghnecheudna. A nis, ma ta, a Choinnich,an do ghabh thu riamh beachd air soa thaobh lasair na coinnle? Machi thu an lasaii- sin a' sradadhagus a' leaghadh 'n a sliseagaibhbeaga, cruinn, geal, gu 'm feud thu abhi cinnteach nach 'eil an t-uisgefad as ?Coin.—Feudaidh sin a bhi rocheart, a Mhurachaidh, ach a dhiunseadhna firinn, cha trie thacoinnlean sam bith am fhardaich-sa,ach na coinnlean sin nach ith nacoin, 's iad sin na coinnlean, maith,tiorom giubhais. Air amaunaibh,gun teagamh, bheirear coinneal nadha a' buth Chaluim Thaileir an uair
"236 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios au Fhoyharaidh, 1S73.'a tliacliaireas paisd a bhi aig Seonaid,acli a nihain aig na h-amamiaibh sin,cha 'n 'eil sinn a' cur dragli air uacoinnlibh geala.MuR.—Tha mi 'g ad tlmigsinu gugasda, a Cboiiinich, acb cha 'n 'oil nah-amanna sin idir tearc no aiuneamh,oir tlia mi aii* mo mhealladh murd'thug Seonaid choir ortsa iomadhcoinneal a cheannach, agus gu mo fada ni ise sin, a bhean cheaiialta! Acb, aChoiunich, an d' thug thu riamb anaire gur combar air droch aimsir anuair a thuiteas an suith sios 'n abhruchdaibb as an t-simileir a'dalladhna muinntir a ta 'cuairteachadb nacagailte, feudaidb e bhith a' leughadha'GHAiDHEiL, no an Ard-Albannaich?Coin.—Tha sin ro cheart, a Mburachaidh,is minic a ghabb mi beachdair sin, agus is minic a cbunnaic mian suith a' taomadh a nuas as anluidbeir 'n a bbras-sbruth, a' lionadbagus a' milleadb na poit-lite, agus a'salachadh gach jiaisde agus pearsamu leac an teinntein. Ghabb mibeachd air so, mar an ceudna, maloisgeas a' mhoine 's an teine le hisairni 's sgairteile na b' abhaist, gurcombar cinnteach air gaoith sin.Mur.—Seadh direach, acb air anlaimh eile, a Choinnich, an uair achithear an lasair fann, iosal, agusgorm, cha 'n 'eil an reodha fad airfalbh.Coin.— Is minic, mar an ceudna,a ghabb mi beachd, an uair a bhami maille ri Coirneal Uilleam goirido Gblaschu, agus is fad o 'ii la sin,na 'n cluinnteadh fuaim nan clag aigastar fad as, gu 'm bu chomhar airgaoith e, agus air atharrachadh nah-aimsire.Mur.— Direach sin, agus ma bhiosa' ghaoth gu trie a' caochladh 's anaon la, 'sea 's glice a bhi 'deananihullachaidh air son doininn anradhaich.Acb, a Choinnich, eisd ri so,ma dh' fhasas salann, no clachanmarmoir,no iarunn, no gloine, fliuchmar le druchd, is comhar sin airnisge, no air aiteamh. Air an doighcheudna, ma dh' atas fiodh nan dorus,no nan ninueag air chor 's nachduinear gu furasd iad; no ma dh'f hasas na criiaidh-bhuilg air ordagaibbnan cas ro ghuineach, goirt, tha 'nt-uisge 's an t-aiteamb am fagus.Coin.—Tha e ro cheart co dhiubhmu adhaircibb nan ordag, a Mhurachaidh,oir is iomadh ceiim crubachthug iad orm a dbi anamb ; agus airan t-seol cheudna, tha iadsan a thaair an claoidh leis a' ghreim-loinidhmar na gloineachau-aimsire chumgach siau agus doinionn a chur anceill roimh laimh.Mur.—Tha mi 'faicinn gu 'n toirthu barr orm, a Choinnich. le d'fhiosrachadh mor. Tha mi cinnteachgur ann 's a' Ghaidheal, no 's anArd-AIbannach a cbunnaic thu sin,acb is comadh co dhiubh an uair thafios agad air. <strong>An</strong> do ghabb thubeachd gu 'm bi na gaothan a thoisicheasair seideadh anns an latha ancomnnuidh ni's liadbaiche agus ni 'sbunailtiche na iadsan a thoisicheasanns an oidhche ; agus mar anceudna, gu' m mair an reodha athoisicheas le gaoith, moran ni's faidena reodha na ciuine.CoiN.^—Ghabb mi beachd, mar anceudna, nach trie leis an aimsiratharrachadh mur atharraich a'ghaotli an toiseach; agus ma chithearnithe a ta fad as ni's soilleire gu morna b' abhaist a bhi 'g am faicinn, agusma shaoilear gu 'm bheil iad ni 'sfixigse a laimh na tha iad, cha 'n 'eilteagarah sam bith nach tig an t-uisgegun dail, agus, feudaidb e bhi, aimsirghailbheach.Mur.—Cha dean so an gnothuch,a Choinnich, oir cha 'n 'eil thusa nomise a' smuaineachadh gu 'm bheil ant-ainuocb a' cromadh, agus gu 'm bheilastar nach beag aig gach fear againur 'a dheanamh. Uiine sin, mu 'n fagmi beaunachd leat, aithrisidh mi_
Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1S73. AN GAIDHEAL. 237sgeul beag a thainig chum mochuimhne air an teallsanach ro f lioghluimtesin, an Ridire Isaac Newton.Ma 's fioi' an sgeul, ma ta, blia e airla araidh a 'dol thar beinne air muiueicb, agus ri taobh an ratliaid chunnaice balachan a' gleidheadh chaorach,Bha 'n la grianach, teth, air chor 'sgu 'n robh fallus air an Ridire agusair an each ! Stad e i-e tamuill bhig,agus labhair e ris a' ghiullan buachaille.Thubhairt e gu 'm bu taitneach,grianach, blath an la a bh' ann.Fhreagair am balachan, agus thubhairte ris an Ridire, " Tha'n la marsin, le d'chead, tha'n la tioram, teth,grianach gu 'n teagamh ; ach ma thafad agad r'a dhol, a dhuin'-uasaU,bu choir duit dochasan a thoirt as,oir cha mharcaich thu cuig mile gusam bi thu co fluich 's a ni uisge thu,ris a' bhalachan, gun a bhi creidsinnfocal de na thubhairt e, ach air dabonu beag airgid a thilgeadh d 'aionnsuidh, thug e an rathad mor air,a' greasadh an eich mar a dh' fheudadhe. Cha robh an teallsanach urramachtri mile air falbh o 'u aite far an dochomhlaich e am balachan, gus an dothuit an t-uisge 'n a thuiltibh as naspeuraibh, agus air da a bhi ann anaite far nach robh tigh no fasgadhri 'm faotuinn, bha e fluich dh' ionnsuidha' chraicinn ann an nine ghouid.Achjfiiuch mar a bha e, bha iongantasCO mor air a thaobh an rabhaidh athug am balachan dha, 's gu 'n dothionndaidh e ceann an eich agusmharcaich e air ais chum ambalachan 'fhaicinn, agus chum fios'fhaotuinn uaith mu 'n doigh airan d' aithnich e gu 'n robh ant-uisge gu teachd. Rainig se e,agus fhuair se 'n a shineadh e amfasgadh cloiche. " Thig an so, moghiullan math," ghlaodh an Ridire,"thig an so, agus bheir mi bonncruin duit, ma dh' innseas tu dhomhcia mar a bha fios agad gu 'u robh ant-uisge gu tighinn." Ghrad leum ant-oganach suas air a chosaibh loma,agus thubhairt e ris an duin'-uasal," Chunnaic sibh gu 'n d' thainigan t-uisge ged nach creideadh sibhmise 's an am." "Thainig e gu 'nteagamh, a bhalachain, ach innisdomh gu saor ciod an seol airan robh fios agad-sa aii* sin." Thuge am bonn airgid an sin do 'nbhalachan air son an robh e rothaingeil, agus thubhairt e ris anard-iiasal, " Am bheil thu 'faicinnan reithe dhuibh sin thall air a'chnocan ud fad' chomhair ì Gachuair, ma ta, a chi thu e a' tionndadhearbuill ris a' ghaoith, feudaidh tu abhi CO cinnteach ris a' bhas gu 'n tigan t-uisge trom an ath-ghoirid."Dh' eisd, agus dh' fhalbh an Ridirefoghluimte, an duil gun teagamh nachmar ruig thu ceauii t-uidhe roimhesin." Rinn an Ridire snodha-gaire d 'f huair e anabarr fiosrachaidh aouchuid o 'n colas a thugadh dha leisan reith dhvibh, no leis-san a bha'gabhail curaim dheth, agus a' creidsinnann.Coin.—So, so, is taitneach dobhriathran gun teagamh, a Mhurachaidh,ach is eiginn dealachadh;tha 'n t-slighe fada, bithidh anoidhche dorch, agus mo mhile beannachdleat gus an comhlaich sinn acheile a ris.Alasdair Ruadh.BLAR SHUNADAIL.Le Uillean Mac Dhunleibhe,AM Baed Ileach.Cha robh an Dan a leanas riabhann an clo, agus tha mor thoil-iiintiunoiriin cothrom a bhi agaiiin air achur fa chomhair luchd-leughaidh a'Ghaidiieil. Tha e fada, agus airan aobhar sin feumaidh e bhi air athoirt a lathair 'n a earrannan,— cuidanns gach aireamh d' an Ghaidheil.<strong>An</strong> uair a bhios e uile air a chiu- fa
238 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Fliogharaldh, 1873.chomhair muinntir a tha comasachair Itreith cheart a thoirt air saotbairnam filidh, agiis a leughas iad e aigaou am o cheann gu ceami, tha sinu's a' bharail gii 'n aidich gach aoudiiibh gu bheil an oidheirp miidheireadh a thug am Bard airidli,agus nach d' tbaiiiig mairneal uomeirg air a chlarsaich, eadliou gucrich a thurais.Mar mhiueachadh air an Dau,faodaidh siim a thoii-t faiuear, nachf bios dhuinu gu bheil iomradh, aonchuid ann an eachdraidb no ann ambeul-aitbris na duthcba, gu 'n deacbaidbl)lar riabb a chur aig cladacliSbunadail : tha gach ni 's au Dan aira cbrutbadiadb le macmeamna a'Bhaird. Tba eachdraidb an Dainmar a leanas:—Bha oileanach araidhair an robh am Bard fior eolacb aircead searmonacbaidh'f baotainn, agusair a thagbadh le muinntir sgireacbdaouaicbte Sbadail agus Sgiobnais,mar f hear-cuideachaidh do'n mbinisteir.Smaointich am Bard gu 'ntugadh e sgriob do Chinntire a dbambarca charaid. Rainig e tigh a'mbinisteir far an robh an searmonaicheog a' tuineachadh aig au am.Chaidh a bheatha a dheanamh, agusbha am ministeir coir cho riaraichteleis an eolas a nochd am Bard athaobh seann eachdraidb, agus f huaire de dh-abhachd o sheanchas Mbic-Dhuuleibhe, gu'n d' iarr e air fuireachseachdain no dha maille ris. RinnUilleam so gu toileacb; agus air dhabhi 'raanran timchioU a' chladaichagus feadh nan creag, thainig e airaon no dha de laraicheau nan tur uda bha, a reir aogais, mar cbearcall aigaon am a' cuartachadh cladacb Cbimitire.Tha f bios aig gach aon a thaeolacb anns a' cheann sin de db-Earraghaidbeal cho lionmhor agus atha na laraicheau sin fad an rathaidniu 'n cuairt o lludlia-Sgiobnais guDuu-sgeig aig beul Loch-an-Tairbei}-tchuil. Bha cuid de na duiii nd gunteagamb air bith 'n an turan-faire,agus cba b' ann 'n am baidealan dion,ach tha feadhainn eile dbiubh a bhaair an daingneachadh gu laidir marchaistealan tearmuinn. Am measgan t-seorsa mu dheireadh feudaidhsinu an fbeadhainn a leanas 'ainmeacbadh:—Caistealan Tairbeirt,far an d' f huair Raibeart Brucefasgadh an uair a tharruing e a bhirlinneantrasda o'n loch chuil; Caistealmor Sgiobnais, a tba fbathast armam mor chuid 'n a sheasamh; anDun air Rudba-Cbaradail » CaistealSbadail, anns an robh muinntir guso chionn dha no tri 'bliadhnacban achombnuidh; Dun-abhartaidh, a tbacho iomraiteach ach beag ri Gleann-Combann feiu air son a'mhuirt uamhasaicha rinueadh ann; agus DunsgeigOS cionn beul Lochan-Tairbeirtchuil.Cba 'n eil aon diubh sin nachb' f biach an t-saotbair do ueach dola' b-uile ceum o Ghlaschu g' ancoimhead. Tha ditbis diubh— Dunsgeigagus au Dun aig Rudba-Cbaradail,d' an t-seorsa ris an abrar 's a'Bbeurla, vitrijied forts. Ach cba 'nann ris na seaun cbaisteal a tha ar ,gnotbuch aig an am, ach ri obair a'Bhaird. Thacbair, mar thuirt sinn,aon no dha de na laraicheau ud air a'Bhardagus chuiriad e gu smuaineacbadhair na amannan borb anns an robhLochlainn mar eoin sgrios-cabhlachach a' sgaoileadh an sgiathan air a'ghaoith, agus a' teacbd air corsaibhagus air cladaicbeau Albainu marsgaoth locuist, a' spuinueadh agus a'milleadh. Tha na cinn-f beadhna achuir am Bard thairis air muinntirChinntire air am faotaiun am measgnan daoine coire a tba fbathasta' tuineachadh timcbioll " cladachbearnach " Sbunadail, ach is cinnteleinn nach bi aon diubh diombach airson a bhi air an ainmeacbadh ann andoigh cho urramach le Uilleam coir,Feudaidh sinn sgeula beag 'iunseadhau so nui dheibhinn a' Bhaird, a tha
——;Treas AJios an Fhogharaidh, 187 AN GAIDHEAL. 239air mhodh sonniichte a' foillseacbadhcho Gaidhealach's a bha na faireachdainneanaige. Bha e air 'aithrismu aon cbaraid ainmeil a bha aig nale bad fraoich innte, agus biodag a'sclaidheamh air a leis! Is e so ansgeul a bha sinn del a dh-aithris :<strong>An</strong> uair a rainig Uilleam Cinntire,aig an am air am bheil sinn ag iomradh,bha astar coig no sea mhilteanaige ri 'choiseachd m' an rnigeadh eceann-uidhe a thurais. Bha e annan slainte bhreoite aig an am, bha asporan aotram, a's cha b' nrrainn dadioladh airson carbad no each; chamhomha 'chuir e fios gu 'n robh etighinn, no bhiodh neach 'g a choiuneachadh.Cha robh aige air ach ant-astar a choiseachd. Dh' fhas ebard,M'an teirig do sgeul creiche 's blairBithidh tu 'measg chaich 'g ad iomradh.Do rudha ciar-dhubh, 'bia'dh nam bair-sgith faun air an rathad ; leig e e neach,fein 'n a shineadli air torn fraoich. Sguabta, baite, 's co d'an ioghnadh ?" Laidh mi ann an sud," ars' e fein,'N uair a sheideas Alasaid a fuaradh,A' sguabadh tonnan Chaolais-Bhranndain;"a' saoilsinn gu 'n robh a' chrioch airMuUaichean mara le stoirm faoiltich,tighinn ; ach, aonaranach, cianail mar A chunnaic mi o thaobh Dhun-leabhair ;'bha mi, bha aon aobhai- comhf hurtachdagam, agus b'e sin, gu 'n tiomn-A' stealladh mu d' cheaun gun sgios,Onfhadh na doimbne shalainnA' tuiteam 's a' direadhainn momu seachspiorad suas air fraoch glau,Tyom mhothar slachdraich stixadhanGaidhealach." Is gann a b' nrrainn fairge,gaol an f hraoich a's nam beaun dol A' criothnachadh do charaigean cleiteach,ni b' f haide. Tha so a' toirt 'u ar dubh,Air nach laidh dus a' Mhairt.cuimhne comhairle a thug UilleamCo nach sireadh do ghlacan uaine,aon uair air oganach Gaidhealach A chunnaig aon uair iadanns a' bhaile so. Bha an duine og 'N an culaidh shamhraidha' siiidbe ann an aon de dh-eaglaiseauGaidhlig a' bhaile, agus, airson aobhareigin, ghabh e diomb ris a' mhinisteir—mar is trie a ni muinntir iomadhuair air gle bheag aobhar—a's bha edoll a dh-f hagail na h-eaglais anns a'mhiann e fein a cheangal ri aon dena h-eaglaisean Gall da. M'an deanadhe so chuir e a chomhairle riUilleam, agus so agaibh an earail athug am :— Baid air " Ud, ud, alaochain cha 'n f hag thu an eaglais,far am bheil Gaidhlig air a searmonadhadh! Bi thusa a' dol do 'uGaidheil, na 'm biodb an cridbe aigeair 'f haicinn, gu 'm Inodh e sgeadaichteamis an f heileadh ! ach na 'm eaglais, agiis leugh na Baird Ghaidhlig,agus theid mise an urras nachbiodb cridbe Mhic-Dbuuleibhe air'f haicinn, bbiodb e, cba 'n e mhain eagal duit." Is iomadh doigh neonachagus neo-choltach, mhearachdachaodaicbte 's an f heileadh, ach annam feileadb breacain, le breacanguailleioma-dathacb, peitein de bhuan a ruigheachd, air an cuala sinnagus mhealltach, aii-son souas bith-chlotb glaa Ileacb, boineid leathaun iomradh, ach bu naidheachd ur darireadh,gu 'n robh leughadh namBard Gaidhealach 'n a mheadhoneifeachdach a chum flaitheanas aruigheachd : ach cuimhnicheamaidair son so uile nach b' e aiueolas achneouachas a thug air a' Bhard a'chomhaii'le a thairgseadh.R. I.BLAR SHUNADAIL.A Shunadail a' chladaich bhearnaich,Ged is corrach glas do shlios,'8 ged nach robh thu trie an saothair namCruitheachd nan hisan, mar gu'm b'ann,a' striCo 's riomhaiche a sgeadaicheasGach isleach a's bruaich,Bho tholman nead na h-uiseig'Gu aisridh doireachan nan earb IDo ghleanntan coillteach far an cluinnearNa miltean iteach fo dhuilleachNan crann cubhraidh, air bruachanNan sruithean nach traoigh,
———:;—;—;240 AN GATDHEAL. xreas Mios .an Fliogharaidh, 1873.A' taomaclh an ucbd do thragha,A tha 'nÌ3 am measg cliaich an iomracUi.<strong>An</strong> laithean Choinnicli mhoir nah-Alba—'S chualas gach gniomh a tliug an t-ainndha—Bha Rurach Mac Chracaig 's'N a righ an Atli-cliath an EirinnLochlannaeh cruadalach, seolta.nan streipe,B' iomadh buimie doirl)h a sheol o ;B' iomadh uamha, coill' a's cladach<strong>An</strong>ns an do sheid e turlach rathaid ;B' iomadh buaile mhor a chreach e,'S bu lionmbor fear garg a gbleachd eEadar Tir-Chonuill a's cla Arainn,Gleannaibb na ivut' a's ManainnEilean tri-chasach nan (iaidheal.Tha crioch orr'annad, 's l)'f had an dail nd,Ghlachd Rurach thu le 'chabhlach,'S sheisd e do Dhun dion le 'armailt'S an uair a shaoil e gu 'n do striochd thuGhairm e gu comhaii-l' a dhilsean.Do 'n chuid diubh ' rainig a' choinneamhSo an ainmean' borb gun sloinneadhMcarcjadal, Gargan, a's Brosdan,Beolan, Eardadh, a's Torcull,Loryan, Ramn, a's CroijachUgadal, Mugan, a's Dornan.'N uair 'choinnich iad aig Carna'-ghrianaidhThug Rurach mar so dhaibh 'iarrtas" Chi sibh an diugh grian an EarraiuhA Ghargain, an toiseach so do bharailIs tu an Oeann-feadhna is sine th' againn.Gakgan.— "Aig do sheirbhis mar mochomasAch 's deacair an comharadh sin 'amas:'S tior gu 'n do thog sinn creach nah-Eireanu,'S nach d' fhag sinn aon a dh'innseadhsgeul air;Bha 'u tuadh a' srachdadh sgrath nancairean,'S am foid lasrach ris gach fardach ;Cha d' fhag sinn mart air beinn no faiche,No each no lair a dh'f has an seicheTheich na h-Eireannaich a' sianail [radhlGu bonn ua speur 's ni b'fhaidc dh' iar-'S an uair ghabh iad an casan mar urras,B' e 'm port ciuil, 'Cha till dnn tuille.'Ach 's meallta so a thoirt mar shamhladhAir Gaidheil laochail na h-Alba.iMa theid thu ruisgte troimh thomdroighinn,'8 coiseachd cas-lom air preas cuilinn,Cadal gun lein' air an eanntaig,'8 racadal itheadh gun draing ort,'S usadh dhuit sud na dol a' spionadhFriodhan stailinn Chinne-Tire.Ach o'n 's comhairle 's nach comhragIs feumaiche 's an am g' ar seoladh,Mar 's lugha a their 's is mo a ni sinn'S ami is airde a bhitheas gach gniomh( lia ghlacar na seol i !dhuinn.A' boillsgeadh air muir 'a air talamh, Tha 'n so da f hear dheug de' d' uhairdeanAg innseadh gur am dhuinn gluasad A lean riut riamh 's a nis nach fag thuA chuir na gheibh sinn ris na fhuair sinn. Tha da bhirlin ann ad chabhlachThog sinn cheana creach na h-Eireami,<strong>An</strong> iomadh ceai"n,'s cha d' fhuair iad eiricAch rocail an f hithich air an cairbhean,Air tir-mor 's an innsean fairge,Cais'meachd na tuaidhe 's gaoir nan lasairAg innseadh co dhinn a thachairAir na dh-f hag sinn sgathta roiste,'S do 'na fhuair sinn nach robh beo dhiubh,Eadar Sligeach 's Carraig-Fhearghais,Na thogadh an coir' air eallachain !Tha Manainn gun chrodh gun aireach,Co maith 's a chuir druim air fairgeDa she-ramhaoh dhionach laidir,'8 theid sinne, seisear ann.s gach bata.Faigh slatan iasgaich agus liontan,Aibh osanach a's eangach sgriobaidh.Theid thu ma'n cuairt Cinntir'mar iasgair,'S chi thu deas a's tuath, mar t' iarrtas,(ilach port a's traigh, gach uig a's cala,Gach caisteal, tur a's bealach-faire;"8 ma thig iad 's gu'm feoraich iad, Co sinn,Tha Gaidhlig Arannach aig coig dhinn,'S cha 'n f hada bhuainn creach EarraghaidhealA's triuir eile a bha 'n Leogh's 'n an oige'N uair dh' iarr na Lochlannaich coir air;Ceann-tire torach, feurach, gleannach, 'S aithne dhuit sinn. Gabh air t' adhart—Fonn-altrom nam fiadh 's nan coileach. Cha chreid mi nach soirbhich an oidhirp."Tha 'n f hairge ma 'n cuairt gach taobh "'8 maith thu, fhir ghairg," arsadheth,Rurach,Domhain, glan, gun bhristeadh caolais, " Is treisc foill aig am na dubhlan.Far am faigh ar Cabhlach scoladhBeartaichaibh Sron-nam-fuaradhGun ghrabadh timchioU a' chorsa.Le 'druim dhireach, ghniomhach nach( ) Bheinn-an-Tuirc gu Loch-an-Tairbcirt. d'fjiuaradhLe soillse maduinn 's ciar an amnoich, A' tilleadh air roinu cholgach rudha.Siubhlaidh sinn airdean a's comhnard 8iomadh tonn a sgoilt i dhuinne,A' gabhail mar tliig creach a's torachd. 8ruth a's gaoth da'ji d'thug i gualaimi,Faicibh a uia co 'n taobh dhethCha' fhacas fathast seise luathais dhiIs laige dion 'm is higlia 'n daoino,;8 mur tig Mac-Tain-ghearr g' ar torachd'"'S an
!Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 241FACAL AS LETH NANGAIDHEAL.A Ghaidheil XJrramaich,—Thae a' cur leamhadais agus gruaim orma blii cluinntinn nan Sasunnach annsna cearnaibli so d'an t-saoghal. Thana h-Albannaich 'n an suilibli mardhaoine borb, a chiosnaicli iad, agvisa tha iad a" -jàlachadh. Ma thuiteasdo dh-Albannach no do dh-Eireannachbochd droch-bheart a chur angniomh, faodar a bhi cinnteach gu'nteid a chur an ceill 's na paipeireanann an litrichibh mora; ach ma's eSasunnach a ni lochd, cha teid ant-iomradh is lugha 'thoii-t ciod angachaon air 'uilinn. <strong>An</strong> uair a chunnaice sin chain e uile gu leir a mhisneach,agus theich e. Air dha a dhachaidhduthaich d'am buin e. Cha 'n fhaod a ruigheachd dh' innis e a sgeul d' anah-Albannaich no nah-Eireannaich, chairdeaii, agus ghabh iad a machagus gii seachd-sonruichte na Gaidheil,laidhe mar so fo throm-lighe. amas air an uaimh tuille, 's chacomhladh, ach cha b'urrainn doibhGuireadh na Gaidheil an guailleanri cheile, slaodadh iad a dh-ronrathad mar a rinn ann sinnsearan aiga' Mhonadh-Gharbh, an iiair a thugiad dulan do uile chumhachd naRoimhe, ged bha an saoghal aithnichtegu leir fo chis doibh, agus cha'n eagal nach eirich biiaidh leotha,ged tha iad'' Air an sgaoileadhMar bliaidne chaorach air iomairt,<strong>An</strong> iar 's an ear."Tha seann vàdh 's a' Ghaidhealtachdagus is e sin, " Tha an Fheinnair a h-uilinn." A rtir an ràdh sobha an Fheinn aig aon am fogheasaibh ann an uamh araidhnach b' fhiosrach do neach beo. Aigbeul na h-uaniha bha dùdach, agusna 'n robh de mhisnich aig an neacha gheobhadh a mach iad an dùdach,a sheinn tri uairean, dh' eireadh auFheinn beo, slan. Air do shealgairaraidh dol air seacharan ann an ceo,thainig e air an uamha anns an robhan Fheinn. Chunnaic e an dudach,agus chuimhuich e aii- an t-seannràdh, gu'n robh an Fheinn fo gheasaibh,agus ge b'e neach a sheideadhan dudach tri uairean gu'n duisgeadhe iad. Bha e 'g am faicinn 'n anlaidhe 's an uaniha : rug e air andiidaich, agus sheid e sgal chruaidhoirre. Is ann le mor ioghnadh athug e fainear gu 'n do dh-fhosgailgach aon diubh an suilean agus iada' dur-amharc air 's an aodanti, agusthug e fainear mar an ceudna, leoillt, gu'n robh an suilean marshuilean dhaoine marbh. Thog e amhisueach, sheid e sgal eile air andùdaich, agus ghrad dh' eirichd' fhuaras riabli i gus an latha 'ndiugh. Theirear bho sin, " Tha anFheinn air a h-iiilinn." A nis, aGhaidheil urramaich, tha mi annan dochas gu'm bi sibhse a' seideadhdùdaich ann an cluasan sliochd naFeinne, sliochd nambeanu nan gleann's nan gaisgeach, agus nach stad sibhle da no tri sgalan a sheideadh, achgu 'n lean sibh ah", gus am bi iad airancasan a sheasamh an coirichean 'sandlighe fein; agus'n a dheigh sin, aireagal gu 'n teid iad a rithist a chadalnach sguir sibh a sheideadh gus ambi na Gaidheil air an cruinneachadhas gach cearna d'an chruinne, dodh-aon tii', far am bi iad 'n an aonsluagh, a' labhairt agus a' deanamhan gnothuichean gu leir anns an aonchanain bhinn, bhlasda, a' Ghaidhlig—Creidibh gur mi, le mor mheas,Bhur seirbhiseach dileas,Australia a' chinn-a-deas,Deireadh an Earrraich, 1873.16D.B.
""—U2 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an fhogharaidh, 1878.DEAS FHREAGAIRTEAN. CONN ^lAG AN DEIEG.Is iongaiitach cho ealamb, 's cLo Sgeul air Conn mac an Deirgsgaiteach 's a gheibh cuicl de dhaoine Air a lionaclh le trom f heirg,freagairt facail. Thuit dhomh foin Dol a dhioladh 'atliar gun f hcallAir chriochaibh(a) ro-mhòr na h-Eirinn.a bin aim an aite araidh far an rol)hcruinneacliadh mor dhaoine. Thainig Aithris dixinne, Oisein nàirich,neacli an rathad le steud-eacli briagh Mhic Fhinn uasail, sho-ghràdbaich,aige 'g a uochdadh. Am measg iomadliniaise eile, bha sguab mhor ear-Sgculachd air Chonn fcardha(6) fearail,<strong>An</strong> soun calma, ciiiin, ceanail.buill air an each. Thuirt fear a bha Cia 'bu mho Conn na'n Dearg mor,'n a sheasamh dluth dha, uair no dha, Oisein nam briatbra binn-bbeùil ?" Nach aluiuii an t-earball a th' air!" No 'm b' ionann dealbb dha (c) is dreacb'S do 'n Dearg mhor, mhear, mheanmnacb?Thionndaidh am fear a bha an ceannan eich 's thuirt e gu spideil, "Am Bu mho Conn gu mor mor,"faca tu earball eich riamh roimhe Tigbinn an garadb(fZ) ar slòigh,1Tarruing a luinge a steacb" Cha 'n fhaca riamh roimhe" ars'am fear " <strong>An</strong> ciimhang ciiain is caolais.eile, 's ann a chunuaic mie daonnan 'n a dheigh! "Sbuidb e air an tulaich 'g ar('') coir,Am fìùbbaidb(/') curanta(»7) ro-mliùr,Latha a bha Sir Walter Scott a''8 gbabhadb e dh'a cbleasaibb(/;) gargamarcachd thainig e gu cachaileith Siar ann am bailcibb nan iarmailt.dhuinte. Bha Eireannach dluth aChaidb e 'm friotlilannaibh(j) nan neixllaimh a dh' fhosgail a' chachaileith.Os ar cionn(/) anns an ath-mbeud;Chuir am marcaiche a lamh 'n a Is ni 'm b' àille neacb fo 'n gbreinphoca air son sea sgillinn, ach cha Na Conn nan arm faobbar-gbeur. [k]robh aige na bu lugha na tasdan;Gruaidb cborcur mar iubbar caoin,(/)shin e do 'n Eireannach e, ag radh, Rosg gorm fo mbala cborraicb cbaoil," Tha sea sgillinn agam ort." " Ma Fait òr-cbeardail, amlach,(??!) grinnta," ars' esan, " gu 'n robh sibh maii'- Fear mor meanmnacb, fearail, èibhinn.(>!)eann gus am paigh mi sibh ! Colg nimbe(o) ve(p) liodairt(7) cborpAir do dha dhuin'-uasal a bhi Aig laocb teugmhaileacb(r) nam mor olc;'gabhail an rathaid aon latha thachairEireannach orra agus air do Aig an laocb ri aimbz-eite.Bbiodbacblaidheanihre(.s) sgath(0 sgeitbethoil a bhi aig fear dhiubh beaganfeala-dha a dheanamh ris an Air ghaisge, air mbeud a gbniomb ;Buaidb 's gacb ball((0 an robb e riamh.Eireannach, thuirt e ris, " Na 'm Ghabh e cpimhlion, neart gun sgios,Ee(i') tabhairt gèill is(i«) mòr-cbis.faigheadh an Droch-Spiorad a roghainnan ceart uair, co a shaoileadh tu aa ]n the MS., "uislibhbheireadh e leis—thu fein no mise 1 's air nihaithibh"(Uiiislibh 's ah- mhaitliilih) is written, in a more<strong>An</strong> tl ta suas ùltar deocli air,Gen. <strong>of</strong> nimh, poison,pieces, r warlike,p It. for ri.contentious.q Tearing inIr. for ri.<strong>An</strong> ti ta SÌOS buailtear cos ail'.— Seatiii liàdh Eireannach.«t Sgathadh. u Place, v Ir. for ri. w The MS.^has "a." Dr. Young's copy has " 's," for "is"or "agus."" recentMise, gu cinnteach," ars' an t-Eireannach." C arson sin Ìhand, over "tliviiMliailih ro-mliòr." Gillies'copy has "Air uaislibh 's air in(h)aithilih na" ars' an FOinne." 6 Manly, brave, c The MS. has the Irish"clho "forduin'-ua.sal. ""dha." d For "an gar," near to.A chionn gu bheil e <strong>An</strong> gar (in Irish orthography a nmr) governscinnteach asadsa aig am 's am bith!" tlie genitive. « The MS. is "gar." /Prince, hero.(yCdiirayeous. /iFeats. iStreamers. ./Forct'imM.oldJ. W. dative <strong>of</strong> ccann. k Of the sharp-pointed weaponsLag-na-habbiuui,or anns. I Crimson cheek like polished yevi'. mMeadhon an Fhogharaidh, 1873.Tlic MS. is "grinnail," but we have adopted" anilach," curled, from Gillies' copy. Dr.Young's copy has "'n a amlaibh," in curls.n The second syllable <strong>of</strong> "èibhinn," when accentedrhymes with "grinn" in the third line, o
';;Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 24SGu 'n tugainnse briathar cinnteach,A Phàdruig, ge nàr r'a inns' e,Gu 'n(«) d'ghabli an Fhiann eagal nileNach do ghabh iad riamh roinih aon duine.'N sin so comhairle 'chinn doibh,Deadh mhac Fhinn 'bu bhinn glòir(i')Churghabhail sgeil [do] 'nf heardhocair :(i«)Ghiaisidh Fearghas binn-f hoclach.Re(ò) faicinn(c) doibh confadli((;?) CliiiinnMar onfadli(f) mara le tuinn,Agus falaclid(/) an fhir nihòir,<strong>An</strong> coinnimli athair a dliioladh.Ghiaisidh Fearghas binn, bàdhach,(x)Glic, ciallach, mòr-dhàlach,(p/)Air comhairl' 'athar, mar bu choir,Ghabhail sgeil do Chonn ro-mhòr.'S e thuirt Conan maol mac Morna," Leigear thnige a' cheud iiair mi,'S gu 'm buininn an ceann a machDo Chonn di-measach(r/) uaibhreach."'' Marbh-phaisg(A) ort, a Chonain mhaoil,Nach sguir tbu(t) d' lonan(y) a chaoidh ;Cha bhuineadh tu 'n ceann do Chonn,"So thuirt Osgar nam mòr ghlonn. (/.)Gluaisidh{;) Conan 'n a(m) mhi-cheiU',Dli' aindeoin na Feinne gu leir,<strong>An</strong> coinnirah Chuinn bhuadbaich bbi-ais,Mar char tuathal(?!) g' a(o) aimhleas.'N uair'chunnairc Conn'bu chaoin dealbb,Conan a' dol an sealbh 'àirm,Thug e siocadh(/>) air an daoi'S e teicheadh gu luath a dh' Albhaidh.('/)B'(?-) iomad crap, is bailc, is meall,'Bha 'g at a suas air droch cheann.Air ceann Chonain mhaoil gu reamhar,'S na còig caoil(
;244 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1873.Thug e ruatliar(a) f liir an grain,Mar sheabhaig measg ealta mlnn-eun{/^)B' iomad fear 's a' ghàir a bhos,lomad làmh ann is leth-chos,Iomad claigeann ann is ceann,Cuirp gun choigleadli{c) air'a' bhall.Còig ceud eile ged bhiodh annGu 'n tuiteadh iad air aon bhall,Is Conn a' calcadh a sgiath(fZ)'G iarraidh còmhraig, 'a gu 'm an-riar.(r)Thagh sinn seachd fichead fear mòrDo mhaithibli teaghlaich ar mòr-shlòigh,Thoirt a' chinn do mbac an Deirg,'S dh' aithnich sinn fear fo throm f heirg.Chaidh ar seachd ficliead 'n a dhàil,'S ann orra'thàinig an dioghbhàil;(^)Thug e ruathar fir forthuinBu luaithe e na roth Gall-mhuilinn. (r/)Thuit ar seachd fichead fear mòr,B' aobhar tuirse e 's do-bhròin ;Gu 'n d' leig an Fheinn gàir cruaidhRi diothachadh'(/*) a' mhur-shluaigh.''Fhir a chleachd mo chabhair riamh,Ghoill Mhic Morna nam mòr ghniomh,'Bu mhiann sùla gach 'b' àille,'S a Phrionnsa Thola na dioghbhàile. (/)'S dàna learn Conn bagradh ort,'S air Clanna Morna gu h-iTÌle^Nach biiineadh tn 'n ceann deth gu fearail.Mar rinn thu de'athair roimhe."" Dheanainnse sin duitse, Fhinn,Fhir nam Vmathra blàtha,(_;') binn,Chur gach fuath 's falachd(Z;) air chùl,'S gu 'ra biomaid iiile dh' aon run.Ged mharbhadb tu m' Fhcinn uile,Gu di(itbacliadh(/) an aon duine,Bhithinn fi'in 's mo threuna leat,A righ na Fcinne gu d' chabhair."Gluaisidh(?n) GoU 'n a chulaidh chruaidh,<strong>An</strong>n am fianuis a' mhòr-shluaigh ;Bu gheal dearg gniiis an fhir,'N a thorc garg dol an ti\s iorghuill.(;i)a Violent onset.6 Among flocks <strong>of</strong> small birds.(! Sparing, d " Sgiath" to rhyme with " riar," instead<strong>of</strong> " sgèithe," the genitive, e Wrong gratiilnation.J Destruction, loss. See above. Therliytlim requires the accent on tlie secondsyllable, according to Irish usage, g Mill. Lowlandor foreign mill, h D struction. The MS.is "dioghugha"— Ir. "diothughadh." i.See above.The rhythm requires the accent on the secondsyllable. (JiUies' copy has "A laoich Ifiidir nateugmhaile." "Teugmhail" is battle, contest,j ifc ^ is Sweet, See above. The MS. "diothugha."TO See above,n Fray, strife, contest.Shuidhich iad an sin na cip-chatha,(o)A dhol a thabhairt an àrd latha;'S na h-àinn sheunta a bha'm braid, (/j)Thog Mac Morna mileanta (17) iad.'N uair 'chaidh iad an dàil a chèile,Cha 'n f hacfas riamh ann cho baobhail;(?-)Na curaidhean 'bu gharbh cith, (s)Chuir iad an tulach air bhall-chrith.Dith(
—Treas Alios an Fhogharaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 245SEANN SGEULACHD.Mu'n bhliadlma 1430, thainigtighearna Aird-ghobliar air sgriob doRaineach, agus jAos e nighean dothighearna Shruthain, ceanii-cinnidliChloinn-Donnachaidh. <strong>An</strong> uair athug fear Aird-ghobbar a bhean leisgu 'chaisteal fein, chuir fear Shruthaincoignear ghillean sgaii'teilmaille ri 'nighinn, a bha 'n an cairdeandileas dh 'i, agus anns amfeudadh i a h-earbsa 'chur am measgchoigreach. Thug uachdaran Airdghobharseilbh fearainn do 'n chuignearoganach sin dluth d' a aitecomhnuidhfein, agus riun e gach ni'n a chomas chum gu 'ii soirbhicheadhleo. Bha iad measail aig miiinntirAird-ghobhar, air sgath na baintighearnado 'n robh mor speis aca; aguscha 'n 'eilteagamli nach gabhadh iadfein agus an sliochd 'n an deigh,comhnuidh air fearann Aird-ghobharmur b'e mar a thachair Bha gachaon de 'n choignear a chaidh o Raineach,treun agus gaisgeil, ach thugam fear bu higha dhiubh barrachdair each uile, do thaobh gaisg' agustapachd, agus gu sonruichte dothaobh a theomachd euchdaich lebogha agus le saighead. B'e AlasdairBeag Mac-Dhonnachaidh a b' ainmdo'n oganach ealanta so, agus chab' f hada gus an do dhuisg a luthchleasan,end agus gamhLas 'n aaghaidh ann an ci-idheachan luchdleanmhuinnAird-ghobhar.La de na laithean, dh'eirich connsachadheadar Alasdair Beag agusoganach sgiamhach eile de mhuinntirAird-ghobhar. Chaidh na fir a'mfionnsgan a' cheile, ach cha b' fhadagus an do leag Alasdair Beag anan t-ogauach gun deo air an raon!Cha deanadh fuireach feum tuilleb' eigin do Mhac-Dhonnachaidh amfireach a thoirt air gun dail sam bith.Thug e na buinn as air ball, aguscha do ghabh e tamh, no fois, gus and'rainig e a cheann-feadhna euchdachagus cruadalach fein, " Ian DubhGearr," no mar a theireadh cuid ris," Iain Dubh nan lann," a bha'gabhail comhnuidh ann an Gleann-Duibh—ris an abrar a nis Gleann-Liobhainn. Dh' innis e do 'n treunlaochIain Dubh mar a dh' eirichdha an Aird-ghobhar; agus thubhairtIain ris, " Cha 'n eagal duit a Mhic-Dhonnachaidh, gabh fasgadh fo 'msgeith-sa, agus ma thig mac matharo Aird-ghobhar a chur dragh' ort, chateid e dhachaidh a dh-innseadh asgeoil."Fagaidh sinn a nis Iain Dubhagus Alasdair Beag ann an Gleann-Liobhaitju, a' tighinnair an gniomharagaisgeil fein f a seach, agus theidsinn le 'r sgeul, car tamuill bhig, guSrath-ghlais ann an SiorramachdInbhirnis.Air la araidh bha 'n Siosalach,uachdaran Shrath-ghlais, agus buidheannthaghta maille ris, a mach a'sealgaireachd air feadh nam beann.Air dhoibh a bhi air an sarachadh lesiubhal nam beann chaidh iad a steach,aig cromadh an anmoich, do bhothanbantraich tlu'uaigh a bha ri taobh anrathaid, agus, gun a cead iarraidh,mharbh agus dh' ith iad an t-aonlaogh a bha air a seilbh. Co athachair a bhi stigh 's an am achduine bochd o- Ghleann-Liobhainna bha 'siubhal o aite gu aite 'g iarraidhna deirce. Cha robh na cuiseana' cordadh i-is an duine bhochd airchor sam bith, agus thoisich e ri bhicur dheth agus a' geai-an. Thionndaidhan Siosalach agus thubhairt e," Ciod a tha cur ort, a bhodaich leibidich,dhranndanaich? " " Cha 'n 'eila' bheag (deir an duine bochd), achtha fios agam air aon ni, 's cha bhinnleat a chluintinn--tha fios agam farnach biodh a cridhe aig an t-Siosalache fein a ghiulan mar a rinn e 's a'bhothan so." Las an ceann-cinnidhviaibhreach le corruich, agus thubhairte, " Innis domh a bhodaich
—24G AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh, 1878.dhona c' ait nacli biodli a chridheagamsa mo thoil feiu a dheananihr'"Is soirbli au iii dliomhsasin a dheauamh (ars' am bod-'aclid boclul), oil' ana au dutliaichIain Duibli nan lann,' dli' fhenmadlitu a blii nmlial." Mliionnaich auSiosalach gu 'lu biodh dearbhadliaige-sau air sin mii 'u rachadli moranlaithean seacliad.Tliuig au duine bochd nacli biodbcuisean reidli; agus clia do cliaille nine sam ìjitli giis an d' raiiiig e" Iain Dubli nan lann," agus gus and' innis e dha focal air fhocal mar athachair. Fliuair Iain Dubh coireluhor do 'n duine bhoclid air son aluatlias-teauga, acli thug e maitheanasda, agus tlioisich e air gach ui adheauamh deas air son teachd ant-Siosalaich.Cha b' fhad a chuir an Siosalachdail 's a' ghnothach ; oir cha deachaidliseachdain thairis an uair ablia fir Shrath-ghlais, agus an uachdaranair an ceann air fraithibhGhlinn-Liobhainn.Bha freiceadan aig muiuutir a'ghliniie a mach a' gabhail beachdair gach bealach, agus chunnaic iadna tuathaich nalmhdeil a' tarruingam fagus.<strong>An</strong> uair a roghtiaich an Siosalachaite-taiinh freagarrach air a sliou feiuagus air son a cheatharnaich, cliuir eteachdaireachd a dh-ionnsuidh IainDuibh, ag innseadh dha cuirm a bhideas aige air son beagan cuidcachd abha teachd a dh-amharc air o 'nAirde-tuath,— " ufjusniar bi," ars' anSiosalach; ach cha d' thubhart e tuilleadh.Fhuair Iain Dubh an teachdaireachdagus thuig e gu ro mhaitha seadh. Ghrad chuir e fios air aisgu 'm biodh gach ni deas a bha freagarrachair an son, agus iad a thighinnair an aghaidh gu h-ealamh "achma thi(/," ars' Iain Dubh, agus stade 'an sin.Thuig na laoich air gach taobhgu 'n robh na cuisean gu bhi garbh,agus air gach taobh rinneadh iiidheamachadhair an son. Chaidh naSiosalaich gu faicilleach air an aghaidh,agus bha Iain Dubh Gearrmar gu 'm b' aim air eutromasle mireadh-chatha chum deannalcruaidh, teith a thoirt doibh. Bhaseachdnar mhac aige, agus bu treuniad. Bha iad 'n an oganaich co clisagus ealanta 's a ghiulan riamhiughar agus dorlach. Cliaidh ceathrardiubh air laimh dheis an 'athar,agus an triuir eile air a laimh chli,maille ris an robh mar an ceudnaAlasdaii- Beag Mac-Dhonnachaidh,a bha comharraichte 'n a linn feinair son cuimse a ghabhail le saighead.Theiriim an Siosalach air ceaun adhaoine chum na h-aibhne an uair abha na Liobhannaich thall f ' ancomliair air an taobh eile. Bha ceannfeadhnaSrath-ghlais air ' eideadho bharr gu 'bhonn le luirich lannaich,clogaid agus ceanii-bheairt, air chor 'snach ruigeadh saighead air a leonadh.Bha 'n latha grianach—agus chunnacasgathanna na greine miltean airastar, a' dearrsadh mar ghrad bhoisgean dealauaich air armachd nan laoch!Thog an Siosalach a chlogad suas oscionu a shul, agus air a' mhionaidsin thilg Alasdair Beag saighead abhuail an clar an aodainn ceaunardnan Siosalach. Ghrad sparr anduine leonta a larah air an lot, agusghlaodh Mac-Dhonnachaidh, " AShiosalaich, gheibh thu an t-saigheadair do chulthaobh ; " ach bha 'u Siosalachgun chomas freagairt-— oirthuit e marbh air an laraich! Tha'nt' aite far an d' thug e suas an decfathasd air a chomharrachadh a machle cloich, ris an abrar gus an la' ndiugh, "Clach an t-ò'iosalaich."<strong>An</strong>uair a chaill na naimhdean an ceannard,threig am misneach iad, agusthionndaidh iad an cul air na Liobhauuaich,Chuir lain Dubh an ruaig
.;—;—;Treag Mio3 an Fhogliaraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 247orra, agus cha d' fhagadh mac matliardiubh beo acli am piobaire a mhain.Thugadli cead dasan dol dacliaidh adh-innseadh sgeul a bliroin d' achairdean agus d' a ehinneachGoirid an deigh sin, thug " IainDubli nan lann " a nigliean 'n amnaoi do Alasdair Beag Mac-Dlionnachaidh,agus tlia e air 'innseadhgu 'm bheil an sliochd fathasd lionmhoranns na criochan sin.Sgiathanach.MARBHRAKNDo Phehji Nic-Illeatlbain, nighean do Dhonnachadh Mac-IUeathain, Thamhnithe,ay us Eaktsaid Nic-an-Uidheir, a hha chomhnuidh an Dail-lic, aiman Gleann-da-ruail. Shiuhhail an nighean c/diuiteach, eireachdail sogoiridh romh IS'ollaig anns a' bhliadhna 1836, air an latha ^bha i ri bid air aposadh. BJia na rannan a leanas air an deanamh le Seonaid Nic-IJhomhnuill, de naisinn BhunAtlia, bean Bliomhnuill Mhic-Ille-dliuibli atha ciiomhnuidh, efein agus a bhean chaoimhneil, ionnsaichte agus mhodhail,gus an latha ''n diugli, ann an Clachan Ghlinn-da-ruail.'S ann an drast tha 'n sgeul craiteach ri chluinntinn 's an aite,Tha 'n nigh'nag is aille 's is maisiche gnuisAir a righeadh 's a caradh an ciste chaoil chlaraidh,'S i 'n diugh air a fagail le 'cairdean 's an uir.Gur truagh learn an t-oig-fheai chain a mhisneachTha 'chridh air a sgaradh irur dubhach a ghnuisA bhean-bainnse bhoidheach le lie air a comlidach,'N a laidhe 's an talamh, 's i falaicht' bho 'shuil.'bheoBu chaoimhneil 's bu teo-chridheach leamsa a failte,A nigh'nag a b' aill', 's ann ort fein a bhiodh fonn;Do g'hruaidhean mar sgarlaid, 's mar ros ann an garadh,'S do chneas mar an eala air bharraibh nan tonn!Gur tniagh leam do chairdean, gu sonniicht' do mhathair;Chain i 'h-aighear 's an t-saoghal, gu brath, a's a sunnd'S gur trie i 'g ad chaoineadh, 's gun thu aice ri fhaotainu,'S cha 'n eirich a crldh ged tha tigh'nn a' bhliadhn'-ur.A nis sguir 'g a bron, thu fein a's a cairdean,Tha ise gu h-ard ann am Paras nan dul'S tha sinn uile an dochas gu bheil i 'n diugh posd'Air ar Slauaighear glormhor, 's a ghnath 'seinn a chliu.Dim-Othainn, Clad Mhios an Fhoghai-aidh, 1873.Cha mhor nach b' e turas na Banrighdo Lochabar a b' aon sgeul ambeul gach duine air a' mhios a chaidhseachad. Dh' fhag i a luchuivt aillidhann am Balmoral air Di-Mairt an9mh latha agus air an fheasgar sinNAIDHEACHDAN.fein rainig i Caisteal Ur lonar-Lochaidhfar an do chuir i seachad beaganlaithean fo aoidheachd MhorairAbinger. Ged bha a' chiad latha no'dhad'an nine flinch agus neo-thlusarcha do chum so idii- a' Bhan-righ bho
248 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios an Fhogharaidh,fein a noclidadh d' a cuid iocbdaraniagus neo-ar-thaing miir do tliaisbeaniadsan au tairiseachd dli' ise. Charobli craobb no ci"ann eadar Cliiii-agbiutbasaicbagus Gleanu-Coinbannnacb robb aii- au sgeadacliadh leisgachgtie bbratacb a's shuaicbeantas;cuid a' tairgse Ciad unle fctllte, aguscuid eile a' guidbe Slainte 's falJaineachddo 'n Bban-rigb ! Ri taobban anratbaid-mboir bba na cinn-chinnidble 'n cuid daoine air an tari'uing asuas an ordugb agus aii- an eideadbgu b-eireacbdail anu am breacau anfbeilidb. Cba biaitbe rainig iCaisteal lonar-Locbaidb na db' ciricbteineacban-eibbinn o bbarr nan cnoca' sgaoileadb an sgeoil air feadb natire gu leir. Cbaidb a' Bban-rigb adb-fbaicinn seana Cbaisteal lonar-Locbaidb, Acba-na-caraidb, Bailecbaolaisagus Gleann-Combann faran do cbuir i ri 'bilean cuacb airgida bba aon uair aig Prionus Tearlacb,agus as an d'ol am Prionns^/Jerinacbmaireann anns a' bbliadbna 1857.Cbaidb i mar an ceudna do Gbleanufionaiii,an t-aite anns an do tbogPrionns Tearlacb a bbratacb agus ando tbionail e g' a iounsaidb na Gaidbeilcbahna, dbileas a bboidicb gu 'ni buadbaicbeadbno gu 'm basaicbeadb iad'ri a aobbar. Air a ratbad dbacbaidb doBhalmoral tliagbail a' Bban-rigb annan Inbbirnis far an robb gacb ullacbadbair a dbeanamb gu failte cbridbeila cbur oirre. Db' aidicb i i fein bmtboilicbtele 'turas agus tba i a' cur angeill cliu nan Gaidbeal air son natairiseacbdagusandeadb dburacbdanocbdiad db' ianns gacb ceuni d' a cuaii't.OISINN BHEAG NANTEAGASG FALLAIN.Tba moran ann a labbras ni 's Uigbagu inor na smuaincbeas iad. Tba iada' deaiiamb sin gu glic. Tba raoraneile ann nacb smuainicb air darnaleth na labbras iad. Tha iadsana' deanamb gu b-amaideacb, agusbitbidb a' bbuil ori-a.Tba fior sbaorsa a' co-sbeasambaim a bbi sealbbacbadb nan nitbesin air am bbeil ceart-cboir againnfein, agus ni b-eadb ann a bbi'milleadb nan nitbe sin air am bbeilcoir aig muinntir eile.A cbaraid, mu 'n iarr tbu comainair neacb sam Intb eile, tboir na trinitbe a leanas fainear. <strong>An</strong> toiseacb,an urrainn duit a sbeacbnadb ?A ris,am bbeil e comusacb do 'n ti air ambbeil tbu 'dol g 'a iarraidb a tboirtseacbad? Agus 's an treas aite, andeanadb tusa air son do cbaraid,na 'm biodb e 'n ad aite-sa, a' cbeartni sin a tba tbu mar cbomain agiarraidb airsan"? TJime sin, smuainicbair na nitbibb so, agus feudaidb ebbi gu 'n atbarraicb tbu do bbarail.Cba deanadb na breugan acb crongun diùgb mur faigbeadb iad creideasair son na firinn.Tba saotbair'n a leagbeas acbbeag air son gacb truaigb. Na bi-saaonarauacb, diombaiiach, cianail.Cba d' tbug-adb beatba do mbac anduine, gu bbi ail" a caitbeadb annam loruadaraibb, agus am faoinsmuaintibb,acb air son dicbill bbeotbail,glmiombaicb ; seadli, air sondicbill a tbigcbum maitb aig a'cbeanntball dboibb-san uile a cbleacbdas i.Jiical 's an Hcalachiiblr.Taing do Mbairi Nic-Eallair ; £fheobha li-orau grinn aite 's cha 'n f liada thuige.Abrach.—Fhiiair sinn Maol-Ruaimdhagus bu mhor am bend mur tugamaid aitedha. Cluimiidh tu e 'g a chrùnan aiglucbd-leughaidh a' Ghaidheil 's au Tombhuidhem' an tig au Fheill-Martuinn.Sratu-liuchaidh.—Bheir sinu aitedo chombradh Cailleach-Bheurr 's au atliGhaidheal.Fear do Ghaidheil Ghlaschu. —Chad' innis thu dhuiun co tbu, no c' aite auamais sinu ort ; uime sin cha 'n urraiunduinu buil a dheanarab do d' btir. Cluiiineamaiduait a rithist,
THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.LEGENDARY HISTORY OPTHE SCOTS.The last paper closed witli areference to the annihilation <strong>of</strong> thePicts. This is one <strong>of</strong> the thingswhich may well be classified amongthefables <strong>of</strong> history, and yet althoughthe chroniclers give two very diffei-entaccounts <strong>of</strong> it, there have beenmany recent historians who haveI'egarded it as a historical truth.The author <strong>of</strong> De Instructione Principumstates that the occasion <strong>of</strong>OCXOBEI?,, ISrS.thisfearful tragedy was the jealousywhich the Scots had <strong>of</strong> the everincreasingand supei'ior power <strong>of</strong> thePicts. Finding themselves unable toovercome them on the battlefieldthey <strong>of</strong>fer themselves as allies, hopingto do by treacherous means whatthey could not perform by the fairmeans <strong>of</strong> war. The Picts receivethe <strong>of</strong>fer, and enter into a confederacywith them. During this alliancethey made war, in conjunction withthe Picts, on the Britons, who werethe inhabitants <strong>of</strong> the Roman province.So severe were these inroadsthat the Romans Avere forced tobuild two walls across from sea tosea. This was not sufficient torepress the warlike tribes <strong>of</strong> thenorth. They broke down the walls,penetrated as far as York, where theRoman Emperor Severus was slainin battle. Thus, according to thetoo long."After the Roman legionsleft their shores Vortigern, king <strong>of</strong>the Britons, invited the aid <strong>of</strong> theSaxons, a foreign tribe, against thecontinued attacks <strong>of</strong> the Picts andScots. The Saxons were, however,defeated at Lingaran, or Necktan'sMere, in Forfarshire; and by thisbattle the northern tribes vvere relievedfrom the tribute imposed bySeverus when he entered Caledoniawith his hostile armies. In thenext battle, which was fought atCampus Manan, theSaxons are victorious.After this they foughtvarious battles, until finally the Scots,under Hungus, utteriy defeated theSaxons. They now receive littletrouble from the armies bej-ond thewall <strong>of</strong> Hadrian. A new enemy,however, is found in the Scandinavianpirates who infested the shores <strong>of</strong>Britain. These sons <strong>of</strong> Lochlan committedgreat ravages on the Picts,the Scots, and the Saxons, and itrequired the united armies <strong>of</strong> thethree to drive them to their coldhomes in the north. On their expubsion from the British shores, theScots, seeing they no longer requirethe aid <strong>of</strong> the powerful Picts, haverecourse to that strategy by which itis said they destroyed the Pictishnation. They invite the Pictishprinces to a banquet at the royalresidence. As they ai-e enjoyingthemselves with the good things <strong>of</strong>chronicles, " they withstood in all the feast, and are pretty well intoxicated,the Scots, on opportunity beingthings the power <strong>of</strong> Julius Caesar andClaudius and Vespasius, Emperors <strong>of</strong> given, withdraw the props whichRome, who would have subjected us held up the floor <strong>of</strong> the room inas ihey did the Britons, and for to which they wei'e regaling. They areto tell all the process <strong>of</strong> this it were thus suddenly thrown into confusion,
;;250 THE GAEL.and pointed stakes placed in theg-rouiid below the floor add to theconfusion. lu this position, andwholly unsuspecting-any evil from theScots, they are savagely butchered.''Thus," sa^'s the annalist, " <strong>of</strong> thethe two nations the more valiant andwarlike were annihilated." The verysame account <strong>of</strong> the event is givenby Hidgen in the " Scalachronica,"in the " Chronicle <strong>of</strong> the Scots," andthe " Chronicle <strong>of</strong> the Picts andScots." The " Prophecy <strong>of</strong> St.Berchan," written in the 7th centuiy,alludes to the circumstance in the following-words:— "By him (KennethMacAlpin the Ferbasach) the wild onesare deceived in the East ; he shall digin the earth, dangerous good bladesdeath and destruction, in Scone <strong>of</strong>noble shields."The next account <strong>of</strong> this event iswhat may be called the Alpiu Conquest.This version <strong>of</strong> the legendis at least more honourable to theScottish name and arms. The" Chronicle <strong>of</strong> Huntingdon " gives itthus— " In the year <strong>of</strong> our Lord 834the Scots give battle to the Picts onEaster Day, when many <strong>of</strong> thePictish nobles were slain, and Alpin,king <strong>of</strong> the Scots, was declared victor.On the 13th <strong>of</strong> the Kalends <strong>of</strong> August,<strong>of</strong> the same year, while he is still rejoicingin the successful issue <strong>of</strong> thisbattle, he is attacked by the Picts,defeated, and slain. His son Kennethreigns in his stead. In the seventhyear <strong>of</strong> his reign, when the coastswere occupied by the Danish pirates,he defeated the Picts with greatslaughter. On this he passed intothe remainder <strong>of</strong> their territories, andafter having killed many <strong>of</strong> themcompelled them to fly. In this manheobtained the monarchy <strong>of</strong> allAlban, which is now called <strong>Scotland</strong>,and was the first king <strong>of</strong> the Scotsto reign over it. In the twelfth year<strong>of</strong> his reigu he engaged the Picts inbattle seven times in one day, andhaving slain mau}^ <strong>of</strong> them he confii-medhis kingdom, over which heruled for twenty-eight years." Thisis the only record <strong>of</strong> the Alpin Conquest which gives prominence to thevictories <strong>of</strong> Alpin as bringing aboutthe entire subjugation <strong>of</strong> the Picts toiihe Scottish rule, Avhich afterwardstook place in the reign <strong>of</strong> his sonKenneth. The author <strong>of</strong> the chroniclejust quoted no doubt saw theinconsistency <strong>of</strong> imagining that KennethMacAlpin, with his small army<strong>of</strong> Scots, effected a conquest overthe populous and war-loving Pictsand to give plausibility to the suppositionthat the union <strong>of</strong> the twokingdoms in the time <strong>of</strong> Kennethwas brought about by means <strong>of</strong> aconquest he makes the Scots <strong>of</strong>Galloway pla}'^ a part in the afiair.Now it is a pretty well establishedfact that Alpin, the father <strong>of</strong> Kennethrepaired to Galloway with his DalriadicScots when he was defeatedby the Pictish king <strong>An</strong>gus Mac-Fergus in 741. It is, therefore, notat all unnatural that the Scots <strong>of</strong>Galloway should be made to assistKenneth—the son <strong>of</strong> their king—inobtaining possession <strong>of</strong> the Pictishthrone.It will be observed in the quotationfrom the " Chronicle <strong>of</strong> Huntingdon"that mention is made <strong>of</strong> thefact that the Britisli shores wereoccupied by the Danish pirates. Thishas reference to the great battle b}''which the Danes devastated thewhole <strong>of</strong> Pictlaiid, killed EoghanMac <strong>An</strong>gusa its king. Bran hisbrother, all the direct heirs to thethrone, and many others. This occurredin the time <strong>of</strong> Kenneth, sothat it is mentioned as one <strong>of</strong> thoseevents which helped him to obtain avictory over the Picts.There is another legend in connectionwith Kenneth MacAlpin'g
October, 1873. THE GAEL. 251successiou to the throue <strong>of</strong> Alban.Tlie Columbian clergy are said tohave assisted him ou couditioii thathe woukl remstate them in lona,from which they Avere driven byNectan, king <strong>of</strong> the Picts. But aslona was desthied to close its wallsfor ever against its ancient saints,Kenneth, in fulfilment <strong>of</strong> his promiseto the ecclesiastics <strong>of</strong> lona, removedthe i^rimacy to Dunkeld, where itremained for several years. Itwas afterwards transfen-ed to St.<strong>An</strong>drews, and became identified withtiie Scottish nation. In the life <strong>of</strong>St. Cadroe there is a legend <strong>of</strong> thewandering <strong>of</strong> the Scots whichillustrates this identification <strong>of</strong> St.<strong>An</strong>drews with the Scottish kingdom.Here they are said to have comefrom Chorischon, in Lydia, and tohave landed in Ireland, which findingitto have been a fertile country, theyoccupy. After obtaining possession<strong>of</strong> the chief towns, such as Cloyne,Armagh, Kiklare, Munster, and Bangor,they cross o\'er to lona, thencethey invade the district <strong>of</strong> Ross bythe river Rosis (or Blackwater), andthen they proceed southward andpossess St. <strong>An</strong>drews. Dr Skeneshows that all these cities werecelebrated ecclesiastical centres, andfrom this concludes that the legendrefers to the spread <strong>of</strong> an ecclesiasticalparty. He also states that " thetermination <strong>of</strong> the wanderings <strong>of</strong> thecolony <strong>of</strong> Scots connect them at oncewith the invasion <strong>of</strong> Kenneth MacxVlpin,and the settlement <strong>of</strong> theScots in his time at St. <strong>An</strong>drews."However this may be, it says muchfor the clergy <strong>of</strong> the time that theygot their name connected with whatis one <strong>of</strong> the greatest events inPictish or Scottish history.After the conquest Kenneth extendedhis kingdom to the Tweed,expelling the Britons and Saxons,without much opposition, and callsit <strong>Scotland</strong>. In 960 he dies at hiscastle <strong>of</strong> Forteviot, and is buried atlona—the burj'ing place <strong>of</strong> the kings<strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>.R. Mac-an-Rothaich.(To be contiiiutd.)MUSIC IN HIGHLANDCHURCHES.Knowing the strong attachmentwhich subsists between Highlandersand their congregations, I presume afew remarks on the subject <strong>of</strong>"Music in Highland Churches," willnot be uninteresting to the readers<strong>of</strong> the Gael.It will be readily granted by allwho have given the matter any attentionthat Music, both as a scienceand an art, has received more attentionduring the past ten years thanit has done for the previous halfcentury.While this is true <strong>of</strong>music in general it is doubly so <strong>of</strong>Sacred or Congregational Music.During the last few years a thoroughrevolution has been taking place inthe musical arrangements <strong>of</strong> ourLowland congregations, and I amglad to observe that there are somesigns <strong>of</strong> animation apparent in referenceto this matter in Highlandchurches also. It is to be hopedthat those Avho have begun this goodwork <strong>of</strong> reformation will not ceasetill they have succeeded in bringingoar people to bestow that attentionupon the subject which it so urgentlydemands; for in the matter <strong>of</strong> psalmodyour Gaelic churches are far behindthe age. True, it may be saidthat Lowland congregations havegreater facilities for musical cultivationthan their Highland brethren ;but this is very much because theyhave created those facilities by instituting classes in connection withtheir congi'egations for the improve-
ment <strong>of</strong> the people in theii* manner<strong>of</strong> rendering the service <strong>of</strong> praise.From these classes they usuallyselect the members <strong>of</strong> the churchchoirs.—In the case <strong>of</strong> congregationsin the Highlands, where the populationis <strong>of</strong>ten but sparse, it is a matter<strong>of</strong> considerable difficulty to get asufficient number to meet for thepractice <strong>of</strong> music, but no such difficultiesobtain in our lai'ge cities andtowns in the south, and yet we findthem in the same unsatisfactory conditionwith their brethren in theHighlands. The singing in some <strong>of</strong>the Gaelic churches <strong>of</strong> this city,dui-ing the forenoon diet when Gaelicis usually preached, is quite distressing.In one church the congregationsings with a lustiness and.strength <strong>of</strong> lung which are no doubtcommendable as indicative <strong>of</strong> heai'tinessand a desire on the part <strong>of</strong> thepeople to do theii- utmost, if not theirbest, but it is far from pleasant tothe ear <strong>of</strong> any one accustomed togi'aceful and artistic execution. Inanother church the singing is solanguid and apathetic that one mightalmost imagine himself in a deaf anddumb institution; the precentor doesall the singing, while the people sitwith lips compressed as if afraid tohear their own voices. The Divineinjunctions regaixling the praises <strong>of</strong>the sanctuary are both numerous andimperative. "Let the people praiseTliee, O Lord ! let all the peoplepraise Thee."Having thus refex'red to the presentunsatisfactory condition <strong>of</strong> themusic in our Highland churches, letus liow endeavour to point out thecause and suggest the remedy. Iconsider the chief barrier to musicalimprovement in Gaelic-speaking congregationsis that effete and oldfashionedcustom <strong>of</strong> " putting outthe line," as it is familiarly termed—THE GAEL.a custom which, I believe, has no-"thing to recommend it but antiquity.It is a system that received its originwhen Gaelic psalm-books were bothscarce and expensive, and many <strong>of</strong>the people unable to read. Now,however, it is different, psalm-booksare, or may be, in every person'shands, and if people are unable toread them, I fear the worst possiblemethod <strong>of</strong> learning to do so, is to getotliers to do it for them. One greatobjection to the custom <strong>of</strong> readingout line by line, is, that it breaksthe continuity <strong>of</strong> both words andmusic in a manner that <strong>of</strong>ten rendersthe meaning quite unintelligible.Take an example from the Englishversion <strong>of</strong> the metrical psalms, andthe Gaelic version coiild furnishan equal number. The pcecentorreads"As — far as east is distant fromwhich is sung. He then gives out," The west, so far hath he,"and so on ; thus destroying entirelythe continuity <strong>of</strong> the sentiment, andrendering it difficult <strong>of</strong> being understood.<strong>An</strong>other serious objection tothis custom is that, on account <strong>of</strong>the time lost in rehearsing line afterline, the mnnber <strong>of</strong> verses that canbe sung at one time is limited, so asnot to prolong the service, and sorender it distasteful. It may befurther urged against this practicethat it tends to confine the conductor<strong>of</strong> psalmody to a comparatively smallnumber <strong>of</strong> tunes. It will be apparentto any one having even a slightknowledge <strong>of</strong> music that it is altogetherinappropriate to sing quick,tripping tunes to passages when doled'out one line at a time, and thus theprecentor has no alternative but toselect a slow-going tune, whethersuitable or not. <strong>An</strong>other evil resultingfrom this custom is that it preventsmen <strong>of</strong> musical taste andtalent from accepting precentorships;ii
;—_!October, 1873. THE GAEL. 253it is so distasteful to them as a Campbell in his collection <strong>of</strong> Ossianicviolation <strong>of</strong> all their conceptions <strong>of</strong> Ballads. Your correspondent waswhat is pleasant and proper. It also subsequently put right, but so verycauses Highland congregations very gently that he was even furnished<strong>of</strong>ten to have two precentors instead with an excuse for his mistake. Not<strong>of</strong> one, as the one who is able to read satisfied, however, with his escapadeout the line in Gaelic is not considered on that occasion, he now, whenqualified—and indeed in many cases commenting on my " Grammaticalhe really is not qualified—to conductthe psalmody in English. Thisis very unsatisfactory, and it is ajitto be regarded as a I'eflection uponthe qualifications <strong>of</strong> the Gaelic j^recentor,as if he were necessarily incompetentto lead the praise inEnglish.We come now to ask how thisevil, namely, the very inferiorpsalmody <strong>of</strong> our Gaelic churches, isto be remedied Ì The answer is easy—the remedy is simple. Let Highlandcongregations bestir themselveslet them, as is so universally done inLowland churches, set a-going classesfor the instruction <strong>of</strong> the people invocal music; let them remember thatthough the all-important element inacceptable praise is that it come fromthe heart, still it is our duty to <strong>of</strong>ferimto God not only the first,but alsothe best "fruit <strong>of</strong> our lips," otherwise,though the praise may be earnest andsincere, it can scarcely be said to becomely and pleasant. H. W.GAELIC GRAMMAR ANDORTHOGRAPHY.Sir,—In the June number <strong>of</strong> theGakl your correspondent "D. C. M."told your readers that the text <strong>of</strong> theballad, " Oisean agus an Cleireach,"previously published in your columns,was " evidently founded on thatgiven in ' Leabhar na Feinne,'" whichmeant that it was borrowed withoutacknowledgment from the copytranscribed, but not very accurately,by himself, and published by Mr.Notes," goes out <strong>of</strong> his way to informyour readers that, in a translation <strong>of</strong>Longfellow's '' Psalm <strong>of</strong> Life" whichappeared under my initials in yourMarch number, I had myself—forthe reference is obvious—fallen intoa grammatical error which, in thesame number, I had " severely condemned."I have no objection tobeing put right on any point onwhich I may happen to go wrong,but I would like my critic to knowas much about the subject on whichhe may undertake to correct me aswould, at least, prevent him fromwriting nonsense. The words inwhich " D. C. M." thinks he hasdetected the same grammatical error<strong>of</strong> which I gave several examplesfrom a little work published anonymously,are :—" a' bualadhCaismeachd thiamhaidh thruaigh aneig.'\The infinitive in Gaelic governsthe genitive, but " Calum Ciobair"wrote as the first Gaelic sentence inhis book:" Tha gach bliadhn' ùr 'toirt ambàs na's dlùth."In the words above quoted I haveused the genitive after the infinitive" bualadh," but, according to"D. C. M.," I have fallen into theerror so frequently committed by" Calum Ciobair" in not using thegenitive after the infinitiveThe words "a' bualadh caismeachdthiamhaidh thruaigh an èig" are perfectlycoi-rect, but they involve somequestions <strong>of</strong> Caelic idiom to which itis unnecessary to refer at present as
——254 THE GAEL.October, 1873.I intend to notice them in my" Notes." Meanwhile, however, Imay call attention to the followingexamples, taken from the GaelicHcriptures, <strong>of</strong> the as2)iratiou <strong>of</strong> thegenitive singular feminine <strong>of</strong> theadjective:Heb. v. 9. " . . . . ùghdarslàinte shìorruidli," not ". . ...ùghdar slàinte sìorruidh."1 Pet. iv. 12. " . . . . thaobh nadeuchainn theiniitich," Tiot ". . . .thaobh na deuchainn teinntich."Rev. XX. 3. ". . . . rè ùinebhig," not ". . ùine bige.". . rèPs. xxxviii. 3. (metrical version).". ... air son do chorruich gheir,"not " . . . . air son do chorruichgeii-e."Although Drs. Maclauchlan andClerk have introduced many seriouserrors into their edition <strong>of</strong> the GaelicScriptures, they have also made severalcorrections. Among their corrections,or, at least, emendations, Ii-egard the substitution <strong>of</strong> the aspiratedfor the unaspirated form <strong>of</strong> theadjective (gen. sing, fern.) in thefollowing places :1 Sam. i. 21. ''.... a dh' iobradhna h-iobairt bhliadhnail". . . for " .... a dh' iobradh . . . . nah-lobairt bliadhnail."1 Sam. ii. 17. ". . . . a dh' iobradhna h-iobairt bhliadhnail" for".... a dh' iobradh na h-lobairtbliadhnail."Heb. ix. 15. " . . . . gcalladh nah-oighreachd shiorruidh" for ". . . .gealladh na h-oighrcachd siorruidh."In using " caismeachd," which isan indeclinable noun, as a genitiveafter the infinitive, although it isfollowed by another noun in tliegenitive, I have acted in accordancewith the almost invariableusage <strong>of</strong> the translators <strong>of</strong> theGaelic Scriptures. Whether or notthat usage be strictly idiomatic Ineed not at present discuss, as no2)erson<strong>of</strong> sense would regard the aboveexample <strong>of</strong> it as a grammatical error.I do not consider it necessary tonotice your correspondent's grammaticalcomments. Remarks <strong>of</strong>wliicli the following is a fair specimenrequire no reply :— " Is it [' gu'in the conjunction 'gu' n'] not rathera prejiositive verbal particle used foremphatically affirming a direct assertion" !In reference to " gu 'n," I maystate that I have observed that Mr.O'Beirne Crowe, a distinguished Irishscholar, in one <strong>of</strong> the notes to histranslation <strong>of</strong> "Siabur-Charput Chonculaind"in the Journal <strong>of</strong> the RoyalIrish Arcluvological Association, hasexplained the old conjunction •' con"exactly as I have explained itsmodern form. That a gentleman <strong>of</strong>Dr Clerk's ability and acuteness, onassuming that ?i <strong>of</strong> " gu 'n" is merelyeuphonic, was forced, for the sake <strong>of</strong>consistency, to regard n <strong>of</strong> "do'n,"" fo 'n," " o 'n," " mu 'n," &c., also aseuphonic, furnished an argumentagainst " gu-n" which I would nothave been justified in overlooking inmy "Notes,"andthat,audnotadesire »to expose Di\ Clerk's editorial mistakes,,many extracts from his edition <strong>of</strong>Ossian.When I was preparing my "PhilologicalNotes" for your Augustnumber, I had not before me, unfortunately,your correspondent's spelling<strong>of</strong> " Beinn-neabhais," nor evenDr. Maclauchlaii's, and, therefore, Iwas obliged to spell the word as Ihad always heard it pronounced, notin one <strong>of</strong> the " more northerncounties," but in a part <strong>of</strong> thecounty <strong>of</strong> Inverness adjoining Lochaber.At the foot <strong>of</strong> Ben-nevis,where, <strong>of</strong> course, the name is morefrt'cpiently used, there j^revails, itseems, a more attenuated pronunciation,indicating, possibly, a more
—advanced stage <strong>of</strong> phonetic corruption!At any rate, since the nameis pronounced differently in differentparts <strong>of</strong> the country, your coiTesjiondentis scarcely entitled to concludethat the sj^elling which doesnot accord with his own way <strong>of</strong>jironouncing the word must bewrong. As to the etymology <strong>of</strong> theword I have really no theory. Whendealing with some <strong>of</strong> the derivatives<strong>of</strong> a common Aryan root, it occurredto me that possibly the name <strong>of</strong> ourhighest mountain might be referredto that root, and the suggestionappears to me as rational as any otherthat I remember having seen, which,however, is not saying very much inits favour.—I am, &c.,Eenton, 9th Sept., 1873.Alexander Cameron.MONUMENT TO DUGALDBUCHANAN.We are very glad to observe that amovement has recently been madewith the view <strong>of</strong> erecting a monumentto the memory <strong>of</strong> DugaldBuchanan, without exception thebest <strong>of</strong> modern Gaelic poets in thetrue sense <strong>of</strong> the term, for in comparisonwith him tlie bulk <strong>of</strong> modernwould-be bards are mere poetastersand rhymers. Atameetinglieldat thebegiiming- <strong>of</strong> September in Kinloch-Rannoch for the furtherance <strong>of</strong> thisobject, the Rev. Di- Maclauchlan, <strong>of</strong>Edinburgh, who presided, spoke asfollows:— "The object <strong>of</strong> our meetingto-day is one which must commenditself to every lover <strong>of</strong> theHighlands, their poetry, and theirreligion. Not that Dugald Buchananrequires a monument. His memorywill be fresh as long as the languagein which his hymns were composedcontinues to be a living tongue.These sacred soiiirs are his trueTHE GAEL. 255monument. But the feeling existsamong those who cherish his memoryand admire his poetry that somethingshould be done to give expression toa sentiment which exists so widely,and with that feeling I deeply sympathise.Other Gaelic poets <strong>of</strong> adifferent class have their monuments,and why should not he? Buchanan,as is well known, was a native <strong>of</strong>Balqnhidder, and was for seA^enteeuyears <strong>of</strong> his life a contemporary <strong>of</strong>Rob Roy. Strange that the samedistrict should, nearly at the sametime, produce two characters sodifierent as Dugald Buchanan andliob Roy Macgi-egor. The factteaches us not to judge hastily <strong>of</strong> thecharacter <strong>of</strong> the people <strong>of</strong> the Highlandsgenerally at the time. Theremight be fierce and barbarous menin the countrj', but there were distinguishedmen <strong>of</strong> God too, andnone more so than this native <strong>of</strong> thevery district which was the scene <strong>of</strong>so many <strong>of</strong> Macgi'egor's lawlessdeeds, and where his dust now lies,Buchanan was one <strong>of</strong> the early missionaryteachers <strong>of</strong> the Society forPropagating Christian Knowledgemen selected as much for their graceas for their gifts, although he wasrichly endowed with both. Manyinteresting incidents are related regardinghim in this capacity. Thescene <strong>of</strong> his labours was Rainioch,where we are now met. He wasincessant hi labour for Christ, andfaithful in rebuking sin and winningsinners to his Master; and nonecould be more valued than he as aguide and instructor by experienced('hristians. His interest in the welfare<strong>of</strong> religion may be gatheredfrom the fact that, notwithstandingthe difficulty <strong>of</strong> travelling at the timeand the length <strong>of</strong> the way, he visitedCambuslang during the gi-eat revivalin the days <strong>of</strong> Whitfield, and wasmuch encouraged by what he saw.
256 THE GAEL. Octolier, 1873.He was emplo^-ed to supeiiiiteud iuEdinburgli the first issue <strong>of</strong> theGaelic New Testameu translated byMr Stewart <strong>of</strong> Killin, and so highlywas heesteemed by competent judgesthat it was proposed to oi'daiii hiinas the first minister <strong>of</strong> the Gaelicreligious ideas <strong>of</strong> the highest oider inpo.etry than tlio Gaelic languagewliich Buchanan employed. Buchanan'sclaim, then, to a monumentcan bo readily made out ; so canthe claims <strong>of</strong> Rannoch to be the site<strong>of</strong> it, although his dust lies with that<strong>of</strong> his kindred at Callander. Thiswas the great scene <strong>of</strong> his labours, andwdth this spot his memory ischieflyassociated. Let me express theearnest hope that a littlecongregation in Edinburgh. This lasteffort mayproposal was not carried out for secure what we so earnestly desirereasons variously related ; but I feel•—the erection <strong>of</strong> a granite obelisk ata ]iersunal inttiest in this movement Kinloch-Rannoch to the memory <strong>of</strong>fi-om the fact that the name <strong>of</strong> Dugald Buchanan."Buchauaii was iu some measure associatedwith the congregation <strong>of</strong>NEWS OF THE HICxHLANDS ANDwhich I am now the minister. It isISLANDS.perhaps not so generally known thatGreenock.—The Rev. Murdoch Macaskill,formerly <strong>of</strong> Glenlyon, has beenBuchanan was a prose writer. Hisaccount <strong>of</strong> his own spiritual history inducted to the pastorate <strong>of</strong> the Freedown to the year 1750 is a remarkablecomposition, full <strong>of</strong> life, <strong>of</strong>Gaelic Church.Glasgow.—On Saturday, the Gth September,the Sabbath scholai's <strong>of</strong> St.miction, and <strong>of</strong> knowledge in the Cohmilja Church had their annual tripthings <strong>of</strong> God. It is worthy <strong>of</strong> being " down the water." The children assembledat the Church, and on the arrival'put side by side with the Spiritual<strong>of</strong> the Mission School children from GarscubeRoad, they marched to the steamerAutobiography <strong>of</strong> Boston.' Hispoetry is so well know in the Highlands"Hero," which had been chartered forthat little requires to be said the day, headed by the Sabbath Schoolabout it. It speaks its own praise. iiag, displaying a picture <strong>of</strong> the Church,under which on a scroll were the words,There are eight pieces extant, called " Tigh 1ÌI0 rhrldhe, tujh mo yhraidh."'Laoidhean Spioradail' or Spiritual The procession was preceded by twopiper.s, who played a grand HighlandHymns. These are <strong>of</strong> almost unifoi'mexcellency, both in matter and mauner.The Skull ' and The Daymarch. The day was one <strong>of</strong> the finest <strong>of</strong>the season, and the large company,'numbering,between children and friends,' <strong>of</strong>Judgment' have been said to excel 1053, thoroughly enjoyed themselves onthe others, but I own that I do not the beautiful banks <strong>of</strong> the Holy Loch,observe that the superiority is very and returned in the evening loaded withbunches <strong>of</strong> heather and wild-flowers.marked. Buchanan has been calledThe Queen's Journey through the'the Cowper <strong>of</strong> the Highlands,' and Caledonian Canal. — Her Majestyif that be high commendation it is no has expressed, through her Secretary,higher than what his genius and his General Ponsonby, her high approval <strong>of</strong>thetaste deserve at the handsmanner in which she<strong>of</strong>was conductedallthrough the Caledonian Canal. As a testimony<strong>of</strong> this the Queen has presentedtiiose who can i-ead and relish thelanguage in which he wrote. Nor Mr. Hutcheson with a handsome scarfpin,set with three diamonds and twolet it be said that his powers sufferedemeralds. Generalby the use <strong>of</strong> his mother tongue,Ponsonbyforhas alsobeen commanded by the Queen to send athere is no language living that issum <strong>of</strong> £10 to be divided by the captainmore capable <strong>of</strong> giving expression to <strong>of</strong> the "(gondolier" among the crew <strong>of</strong><strong>of</strong> that vessel. Altogether, the Queen'svisit has been one <strong>of</strong> the highest gratification,without the slightest accident tomar the loyal demonstration and joyousfeelings called forth by the royal progress.
'lionadh;na'' Fi-eagiaidh;isrg-^^ix)h:e^^lII. Leabh.] CEUD MHIOS A' GHEAMHRAIDH, 1873. [21 Air.MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.ceann tuath Bhreatuinn lesluasfh tha e ro choltach gu'n deachaidhbuidheann diubh a nunn annXV.an curachail)h o Mhaol Chinntireagus o Mhaol Ghalloway, o'm feudarLINN 0I8EIN AGUS NA FEINNE.Eirinn 'fhaicinn o na ceaniaibh sinTha e 'n a clieisd mii 'm bheil a dh-Albainn ri latha soilleui-, grianach.B' iad na Gaidbeil a' cheuddealachadh barail am measg nanseanchaidhean cia dhiu a thainig na sluagh a thainig thairis o thir-morGaidbeil 'a h-Eirinn do dh-Albainn, na Roinn-Eorpa do 'n Eilean Bhreatunnach.'N an deigh-san thainig nano a cbaidh iad a nunn à h-Albainn,gu Eirinn. Is e beacbd nan 8ean-Cuimrich ris an abradh na Romanaichchaidheau Emonnach gur h-ann k na Seaim Bhreatunnaich.Eirinn a tliainig iad air tns, agusgu 'm b' ann maille ri Fearghus MovMac Earca a thainig iad a nail.Gidheadh, cha 'n 'eil a' bliarail so idircosmhuil ris an fhiriiin no so-clireidsinn; oir blia Gaidbeil ann an Albainnniu 'n do rugadb Fearghus no 'athairno a shean-athair. Agus dhearbhsinn mar tha gu 'm bu Ghaidheil naseann Chaledonaich a bha a' cogadhI'i Agricola mit dheireadh na ceudlinne, agus inar sin is eiginn gu'nrobh na Gaidbeil a chomhnuidh aiman Albainn ran 'n do nigadh arSlanuighear.Tha e nioran na 's cosmhuile rìs anfhirinn agus ua's fhusa a chreidsinngur h-ann a Albainn a chaidhGaidbeil air tus a dh-Eirinn.Tha an t-Eachdraiche Cambden a''"curaail a luach gur h-ann a Breatunn•| a chaidh a'cheud luchd-aitich a nunn''do dh-Eii-inn, do bhrigh gu bheil an''Thug soair na Gaidbeil triall gu ceann tuathan Eilein, do 'n duthaich ris an abrarAlbainn a nise, agus ghabh iadcoiuhuuidh an sin gus an d' fhas iadcho lionuihor a' s gu 'm b' eiginndoibh sealltuinn a niach air sonaiteau - comhuuicìh eile do bhrighgu 'n robh an tir ro chumhang airan son. Uiuie sin, b' eiginn doibhaghaidh a chur air a' chuan, a chiojinnach robh fearann tuilleadh air tii--nior. Chaidh cuid diubh a mach doeilèanaibh na h-airde'n ear, aguschaidh cuid eile dhiubh a inum dodh-Eirinn, agus glrabh iad comhnuidhan sin. Tha na h-Eirionnaichfein ag radh gu 'm b' ann as anSpainnt a thainig iad air tus mailleri Mill, ach cha 'n 'eil an ,sgeul so rochosmhuil ris an fhirinn, do bhrighnach robh co-chomunn sam bith'eiwlar Eirinn agus an Spainnt aigam cho trath so dhe'n t-saoghalt-aiseag cho goii-id eadar an da Eilean. oir bha cnan gabhaidh ri 'sheoladhso moran na 's fearr do eadar an da thir, agus cha robhdh-Albainn na ni e ri Wales, oir luingeas aig an t^sluagh a bha freagarrachcha 'n 'eil ach astar goirid cuain eadarair son an astair. Ach bha e'Eirinn agus an da rudha ann an furasda gu leor dhoibh dol thairis o•'Albainn ris an abrar Maol Ohinnlire Mhaol Chinntire, oir cha 'n 'eil achagus Maol Ghalloway. 'N uair a astar goirid eadar an da f hearann. Dli'fhaodadh an imiich so tachairt eadurcoig ceud agus mile biiadhna roinih
Ochan—Is2.5S AN GAIDHEAL. ceud SIhios a' Crheanihi-aidli, 18?3.thcacLd au t-Slanuighir, oir is cosmliuilisn'u robli Caidheil aim aiiAlbainiicho tnitli sin. Agus mar aii ct'iuliiar'aodav aitliris an so gur e an t-ainma tlicir na Welshich ri luclid-aiteachaidhEirinn agus Albainn na " Gwydhil,"na " Guidliil," no " Gaidheil,"agus ly e sin an soann ainm dublichasaclia bha air a' chinneach.Agus o 'n is e an t-aon ainm a bliaorra, tlia e soilleur gu 'm b' e ant-aon sluagli a bha annta, agus tha emoi-au na 's cosmliuile gu 'm b' iAlbainn a' dieud duthaich auns anrobh iad, agus nach b' i Eirinn, geda dh.' fhaodadh buidheann diubhpilltinn air an ais a Eirinn le Feaj--ghus ]\Ior an ceaun ocbd no naoidhciieudan bliadhna an deigJi a dbol aniinu do Eirinn air tus.D.B.B.(Hi kantuinn.)OOMHTJADII.EADAE MUIUCHADH BAN AGUSCOINKEACH CIOBAIE.MUEAOHADH.—A Choiimich, ancluiun tlui mi? A Choinuich deanstad,— a cbajaid, dean air Ao shocair.Is an ort tlia 'chabhag. Ciod i a'ghaoth a sheid an rathad so thu audiugh? Cuiu a thainig thu do'ubliaile so ? Gha 'n f huirich tliu guconihi-adh a dheanamh ri d' sheaiiacliaraid.COINNEACUI,—INIa ta, a Mhurachaidh,feudaidh mi an ni wudiiaf lioighneachd diotsa, oir ged a chithitinseSgeir-na-Baa-tiyhearna udthall'ii a lasair theiiie, clia bhiodhbarrachd iongautaia orni lui 'u uair atea.ijiihicli ail- tad {AlulJ.—Gu siudail, gasda, a Clioiii-ÌÌK fhatli a lihi 'gearan.Ach dean fuireach beag, agas innisdoinh ciod tha thu 'cur romhad adheanamh an nochdl <strong>An</strong> tog thudo chairtealan 's a' bhaile so, no ambheil ui sam bith eile agad's anamharc ? Seadh, fhir mo ghraidh,innis domh.Coin.— Is mi nach fan 's an Obanau nochd, ach bheir mi Liosmor ormaims an toit-hiiiig aig sea uaireaniiiu fheasgair, agus theid mi a churseachad na h-oidhche, agus feudaidhe bhith la no dha eile maille ri DomhnullMor, brathair-mathar dhomhfeiii 's an eileaii sin ; agus ma theidthusa maille rium 's e DomhnuU Mora ni an s
jIAm'I! carIIiMuR.—UdI (/(•/(ImarIleis;ijI feumaidhjUda("'eud Mhioa a' Gheamhraidli, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 559IUbh I Ubh is ioniailh. lioclid agus ni a tha tbu a' leughadh agus a'ciimadh anns au teid t-or fein. cnnasachadh. Tha mi toilichte gii'mCoin.—<strong>An</strong> taobli a inach dlieth I bheil an Ranusdach nrramach a' cordadhriut co maith ; ach tha mar anseadli, agus aii taobh a stigh dhetli ISin ag-ad au CtAIDIIEAL, a Mliurachaidb,an Gaidheal glau, ceanalta tha gu leir gle thaitneach—am Muil-ceudna luchd-teagaisg eile agad, ale ti-usgau ur ; agu.s is niaith an eacli an i-Abrach, Renton, Mac-Mharcuis,I). B. B., C'ona. a^i Sgiathanac/i,airidh air e. Chuir mi a' cheud daaireamh dheng- dheth. do 'n bbaile so agns moran eile, a tha gu leir roocheann niios a cbum au ceaungladh thaitneach, mar a thubhairt mi. agussuas ciiideachd 'n an aon leabhar, is cinnt leam gu 'm blieil thu 'g anmar a ta tbii 'g a fhaicinn, agiis nacb cur air fad gu deagh bhuil.'eil. e toiltinneach air g'acb urrain is Coin.—Is mise tha, a Mhui'achaidh,tha speis agam. dhoibh airiirrainn innleaclid dhaoine a chixr aif ìMuK.— Direacb ceart, aChoinuicb, fad. Is e an Sgiathanach siu 'n athnbliairt tbu gu ro mhaitb, agus is aonar an taon a mhain anus am bheiltu a b' urrainn. <strong>An</strong>i bbeil cuindm' mi 'cur teagamh ; tha eagal ormagadsa an iiair a chomhlaich nii thii nach 'eil e ceaii leis gach goileamann au Lagaa-nan-eilid, agiis a agus glorais a labhair e mn na riounagaibli,a' ghealach, agus an talamh.dh' innis mi dhuit gu 'u robh a leitbidde dhiubiaich ann lis a' Ghaidheal bheil duil aige nach 'eil tuigseagus an Ard-Albannacìi^ agns a aig muinntir; agus ged a dh'fhendadhgheall mi an stiuireadb air t-fhardaichfein, agus liun mi siii|e's a' bharail gu'n creid sluagha bhi'n a cheann fein, am bheil.-'Coin.—Is aim again tha cuiiuhn' ciallach na faoin-sgeulan a ta air anair sill, agus bitbidh gu biatb, oir gus aithi'is leis-san.'am faca mi iad, bha mi eo aiiieolacbI I Chonnich, thaair cuisibh. an t-saoghail, ri lotli Tia thu tuilleadh 's trom air an S;jiat/ia»-h-asail fbiadhaicb, ach is iomadb ui bhochd, leig direach leis, agusair an d' thug iadsan agns tbusn eolasdomh. Ged nauli biodh anns a'Ghaidheal acb litrichean an Ihiuaifdaiohfein, is lionmhor taitueacb,griun ua nitlie air am bheil e a' toirtiomraidb. Cba 'n 'eil fios agam W) ean RuiHisdack coir sin, ach 's aun aigetha'n ceann, agus is ciunt learn gnrministeir e, oir tha mi 'faicinn sreangaluiun, dliiadbaidb a' luitli troimhnan litrichean aige air fad—si'eang*mar shlabhruidh dhe 'u or a 's iiorghloiue,ris am ]»hei1 ria teagasgaiian crochadb 'n am bagaidibh t(.»irail,air am feud an ueacb a 'saineolaicbegreim a dheanamli, agus maith 'fbaotuinnuatha.MUE.—Is tu tha ealamh, deaschainnteacli,a Choinnioh, agus is romhaith learn gu 'm bheil thu a' deanamhdeagh fheum mar sin de eachcreid thu e thoir cead a clioiseagiis an uair a dh' ionnsaicheastusa reultaireachd chabhi dodhiteadhcosearbh. Achtha'u uine'dolseachad;mi na nithe a ta 'dhith aira' mhnaoi agus na paisdibh 'fhaotuinngun dail, oir cha'n fhad gus ahcluinn siii glead!n-aich na toit-luinge,agus cha 'n 'eil nine ri chall.Coin.—Thoir do chasan as, ma ta,Mhurachaidh, agus comhlaichidhmise thu aig an rathad thai-suing udsluias an ceann nair gu leth an deighso.MuK.—Tha sin uile ceart, agnsuime sin, lilieir mi na buthan orm,agns ni mi a' chuid a 's feai'r dhe 'nnine a tha romliam.[Cha rolth Murachadh Ban achtacanbeagairfalbh an nair a thainig an toitlunga' seideil agus a' sitilich a dh-ionn-
. Coix.-—Ro2G0AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud Mhios a Gheamhraidh, 1SV3.snidli na h-acarsaid, agns cha 'u fhacHon d' an ditliis i a' tigliimi a stigb,do bhiigla iiach i-obh dull aca ritliea chai-aidchoir, ciod so?MUE.—Ciod 'iiis a tha 'cur ort, aChoinnich ?Coin.— A' cur onn I <strong>An</strong> e sin atha thu 'g' radh ? Nach d' innseadhdhonih direach an tràth-s' le sginiileirbalaich a chaidh seachad g-u'n d'thainig agus gu 'ji d'fhalbh soitheachna sniuide.MUK.—Ma thainig agus nia dh'fhalbh, tha'chead aice,gu robh buaidhleatha ! Cuniaidh an t-Oban thusaagus niise car (jidhclie, a Choinnich.Bheir sinn direach tigh Ealasaid,nighean Ruairidh oirnn. Tha misegle eolach air a' mhuaoi choir, agusaltaichidh i ar beatha. Togaidh sinnar cairtealan an sin, agus an uair agheibh shin ar leoir bidh agus dibhe,cuiridh siiMi am feasgair seachad lebhi 'cur cheist air aon a cheile. Grudearbh, cha dori'an learn idir gu'u'n d'fhag i simie'n a deigli.Coin.—Eachamaid a nis, ma ta,chum nan cairteal againn a Mhurachaidhchoir.MUJK.—Is 6 80 an tigh, agus chii!*inn am bheil Ealasaid a steach.Ealasaid.—<strong>An</strong> tu so, a MhurachaidhBhain, mo dheagh charaid ÌIs fhad o'n da la sin; rach a stiglj,agus anihairc ort fein, agus air docharaid mar aig a bhaile. Is i bhurb(;atha le cheile. Kachaibh a steach.M.VU.—Nach doigheil an t-aite so,a CUioinuicli Ì Cuir dhiot do cliuidbhig, oh- ilia thu sgith, agus thafallus air do chosaibh.Bheir Ealasaidgreim suipeir dhuinu le beannachd,agus an deigh sin chi sinnciod air an tig sinn chum am feasgar achur seachad.Coin.—Feuchamaid co againn a 'sCO luatli. Dh' fhalbh an long sniuidtachair agnothucli feiii; acb, UcLanluo clireacli ! dh' fliag- i Murachadhagus Coinneacli mar dliitliis amadain fearr aig am l^heil cuimhn' air seanfhoclaibhGaidhealach.'s an Obau 'u a deigli I Bha Coinneacliaig' an rathad tbarsuing-, agns MUR.— Racham riut, ma ta, a'rainig Murachadh aig an uair a gheall charaid. "Cha'n e an seol air anglacar an t-eun, eagal a chur air."Coin. — Mo chreach !cheart, cha'n e gunteagamh, ach " Cha ghlacar naseanneoin le moll."MUE.—Bheir iad an aire air sin ;ach an cual thu, " <strong>An</strong> uair a dh' iarrascaraid oomaui, cha 'n 'eil am maireachidir ann]"Coin. —Cha'n 'eil, ach "Tha esan adeir gu 'm faic e mu'n chomain a thathu 'g iarraidh air, a' gabhail ninechum do dhiultadh, agus sin airmhodh eireachdail nach cuir feargort."MUE.—Gle fhior. ach a nis, aChoinnich " Feumaidh esan Spainfhada a bhi aige, a tha 'cur roimhe ashuipeii- a ghabhail maille ris anDroch-fhear."Coin.—Co fad gun teagamh rilorg-shuisde; ach ciod a nis a theirmi Mhuracliaidh, tha thu'tighinntuilleadh 's bras orm. <strong>An</strong> cual thuriamli, " Gur mathair an deagh fhortaiw,d' thug an toit-long i fein as, agus gu Dichioll?"MuR.— Ro mhaith, a Choinnich,ach, " Is e lonracas a' chriounachda 'sfeari-."Coin.—Gun teagamh, ach " Ismiosa Uaisle gun chumhachd, nalior Bhochduinn fhoHaiseach."MuK.—Bu tu fein an gille tapaidh,a Chcjinnich, ach cuimhnich " Gu 'iubheil teangadh amadain fada gTi leoirchum a sg'ornan a ghearradh."Coin.—Ud! Ud! b'fhearr da 'abhi gun teangaidh idir, cosmhuil richig eaglais an Torrain-uaine. Aòhstad ort gus an cuimhnicli mi nieig-ineile. Tha f acani, " <strong>An</strong> ni siu
; ach.deir,jda-rireadh,ICduinrhiosa'GheamTu-aiaii, 1S73. -^.N GAIDHEAL. 261a thig docliaireach, gu dochaireachsuibhiaidh. e air falbh."MuR.—Direacli mar sin, agus," Au ni sin a tliig leis a' ghaoitb,falbhaidh e leis an uisge." Ach aOhoiimicli, cuimhnich gu 'm bbeil" Satan a' greasadii a chuid imic gudroch mhargadb."Coin.— B' e fein a' mbuc ghrauiidadhubh; is iionmlior aimbleas ai'inne,agus is maifg a chreideadb e a tbaCO deas chum docbunn a dheanamhair au og agus air au aosda. Achfaigbeam focal eile, " Seacbaiu ant-sbit, agus mill do leanabb."McR.—Thuljbaii't rigb Israeli anni ceudna ami am briatbraibb eile," All ti 'cbaomhnas a sblat, is beagair a mhac ; acb an ti leis an ionmbuinne, smacbdaicbidb se e 'n adii-eacb fatbast, "Is mills corag theth,acb ged is mills cha mbalth."MuE.—Thoir an aire da so, aChonnich, " Caillidb tri do charaid lebhi 'g a tbagbal tuilleadh 's trie,-agus tuilleadh 's aiuneamb.".. Coin.—Caillidb gun teagamb, acban cual thu riamb, gu 'm " FreagairCoin.—Cha'n fios domb,gidbeadb,tba e ceart; ach am bbeil cuimbn'agad a cbluinntiun, " Far nach deana h-aon, nach urrainn dithis aimbreitea tbogail."MuR.—Isiongantacha'mheomhaira th' agad, a Cboimiich, a thaobb nangnatb-fhocal sin, — cuiridh tu asdombsa leo, acb stad ort, gus ancuimhnich mi focal eile. " 'S e 'ndara buille a ni an tuasaid."Coin. — Is trie a rinn; ach "Isminic a fbuair fear na b-eadairginndorn."MuR.—Is minic ; acb thugadb ean aire dha fein. Co a thubhairtgu 'n " Dean na b-iiisgeacha tanaam barrachd fuaim?"Coin.—Eo cheart, a Mhurachaidh,ach ni am buideal falamh an niceudna.MuR.—Nach firineach focal a deir," Gur truagb au tigh far an goir a'tbratb."Coin.— B'e Solamb fein a cbuireadbrogba caoiu air combradb ;achaithris thusa sean-fhocal eile.chearc ni 's ti'eise n' an coileach?"MuR.— "Cba'n'eil tios aig neach Coin.—Ochau I is truagb ; achfar am bheil a' bhrog a' gramacbadh cha 'u 'eil sin agadsa ri radh, aacb aig'e-san a ta 'g a caitbeadh." Mhurachaidh, oir is ceanalta a'Coin.—Focal ni 's fli-innicbe na bbean a cbuir an Freasdal mor ortsa.Am bbeil thu 'creidsinn, " Marsin cha do labbradh riamb ; acb tbamise air ruitli, a macb. Cba'n'eil cladbaich thu as an talamh am bun,gu 'm fas am feur"MuR.—Fasaidh; agus na fiadliluibheanmar an ceudna a thachdasam ban-. Acb am bbeil e ceart,gu 'n " Cluiunear an cagar coig mileair falbh?"Coin. — Cluinnidb deich, seadh,fichead mile air falbh ; ach am fior e," <strong>An</strong> uair a theid bior 's an losgaundean e sgreach?"an cu fead?"MUR.—Cbual gu trie; ach tba e gu 'nceart co fior, " Nach aitbnlcbear na MuR.—Tba 'n t-aobhar aige andaoine bocbda le 'n cairdibb acb an creutair truagb; ach an d' fhairichuair a chi lad fein iomchuidb." thu riamb " Gur goirt a pbiocas a'Coin.—Is lad nach aitbnich idlr; mhial ocrachl"nach firinneacb an sean-fhocal a Coin.— Ud! Ud! a Mhurachaidh" <strong>An</strong> uaiv a tbig bocbduinn a choir, tba 'n t-am againn stad a-stigh air an dorus, grad tbeicbidh dheanamh, oir tha mi fein sgith, agusigradh a macb air an uiuneigr' tba mo storasairteb'igeacbdainn. Tba-c MuR.—Coatbubbairt, aCboinnlcb,oir cba'n'eil guth agamji^ Aig gach dulue tba a luacb feinr' tuille 'uochd, " Cha 'n f'heumar au
:u:iAN GAIDHEAL. C'euil Mliios a'CrheamhraWh, ISTS.t-each inaitli a shai-uchatlh;" gabhmo Icisgeul, agus bheii- siim na seaii-Ihocail tliairis le beaimachcl gii am.ile.Mru.—Deanamaid siii, ina ta, aChoiiiuich, niai' a thiibliairt tliii /ebeanmichd—ach bheir mise deag'hchomliairle oi't, a' charakl iounihniiin,agus feiioli gni 'n ^'abli thn i— " Seideadlina g-aothan, agus eireadh tonnaan amligliair nin'n ciiairt duit mara dh' fhi'iidas iad, ach na gabh suimdiulih. Rach air t-agLaidh air sligbena firiim agus a' cheartais, agus bithidhtn daingeann mar clii'eag.Suidbich thu fein air treiblidhii-ea.s,agus cuir gach aimbleas agusaiiradh gu 'ii dulan. Ma dh' eiieasbichd-tuaileiw nra 'n cuairt dnitle'nteang-aidh nirahnich, agus ma ni iadan dichioll clium smal a thuirt air dodheagh chliu, ua toir feairt orra.Amhairc oi'i'a gu diaii an clar an aodainn,agus na abair smid. Gitilaiutliu fein gu direach, ceart; liiodh dochaithe-bheatha iouraic, glic agussubhaileeach ; agus thugadh ciuineasdo ghnuise,ag'us macantas do l)heathaa' bhreug dhoibhsan air fad, leis ambu mhiann do chiaoidh, do .sliai'uchadh,agus do smaladh as.Coin.—Ma ta, a Mliurachaidh,mile taing- dhuit air son do dlieadhchomhairle, agus, Ochan, b' i'clioniliairle i ! Cliuireadh tu fallusair ;ai liiiiKt.iddch fein te a b' fhearrllioirl seacbad. Acli tha 'n t-amagainn a nis a bhi 'cuv ar cuid cheanuclium ua seau-fhocail a dhaingneachadh'sa'chridlie, agus chumcodal a tlioirt oirnn.Coin.—Tha mi gle thoilichte, aMhurachaidh, uir tha tacan maith anis o nach deachaidh boinne bhiththar ino sgornach. Oha 'n fhaca mie, gu 'n g'huth air a bhlasadh, o'nbhaisteadii Seumas Beag, agus tliabbadhna gu leth o sin a nis; ach thagach trocair maith "n a am fein.MrR.—Tha, Choinnich, olaidh ant-eacli dhe 'n uisge na riaraicheas e,agus na ni feum da, agus cha 'u ol etuilleadh. Deanadh an duine an nicendna, agus cha 'n eagal da. Biodlie measoi-ra ami an itheadli agus amian ol, agus anns na h-uile nithibh ;iarradh e beannaclid an Ti a tariadldadh os ceann nan uile, mar a tasinne ag iarraidh 's an fhardaich so annochd, agus soirbhichidh gacli cuisleis.Alasdair Ruadh.DONXCHA CAIMBEUL.IV.Bu trie a chuala ivi mo mhathair,le solas dealasach a' cur an ceill marbha deagh bhuadhau iuutiun Dhoiinchai,agus soilleu-eachd a bhreithneachaidhair an taisbeanadh dhi feinagus do lu' athair air tus, ged is eigindhomli feiu 'aideachadh nach roblim' aii'e air a glacadh leis na buadhanud, a dh' aindeoin gach ard-mheas abh' agam air. Blie e 'n a chleachdadhfar am faig-h siim 's a' nyhadainn iad,oir tlia i'U(beigin sgios (;i'm fein, agus bunailteach aig m' athair a bhi a'l>iomaid a'dolmu thaiiili, an uair a cumail aoraidh anns an teaghlachchairicheas sinn simi fein air curam gach feasgar ; ag iocadh taing do 'nan Ti a 's Airde.Uile-chumhachdach aii'son a cliaoimhneisdhoibh re an latha, agus agMuR.—Ma ta, a Choiimicii, tha
sgrios;CeiiJ -Mhios a' Gheamhiaidh, 1873. AN G4IDIIEAL. 263shalni, aims au robh guth gach sean^'a og ail* an togail suas ann an comh-^heii'ni le guth m' athar. <strong>An</strong> deighsiu, leugliadh e caibibeilde'n Bliiobul,a' dol dii-eacli tvoirabe gu deireadhnan Sgriobturan. Bha aoradli gachoidliche air a cliriochnachadh, lenrnuigh, anns an I'obh . an<strong>An</strong>a-Criosd air 'asluchadh le diandhurachd ; ministeirean an t-soisgeilair an cuimhueachadh, agus anns nachrobh caraid no coimhearsnach adh' f haodadh a bhi ann an cruaidhchas,air a dhearmad.<strong>An</strong>n an ciimantas, bha e air acheadachadh do na seirbliisich dol aluidhe gun a bhi a lathair aig anaoradh, na 'm be sin a bu roghnaicheleo ; ach cha rachadh Douncha airachd sam bith d' a leabaidh as eugaisna h-urnuigh, eadhoin ged a bhiodhe flinch agus sgith, agus ged a bhiodhmo pharantan 'g a ghreasad d' aleabaidh air eagal gu 'n glfichdte ele fuachd. Cha I'obh e riamh rodhuilich mise a clmr a luidhe mu 'nam ud. Bu trie a theireadh momhathair gu 'n robh mi gle bhuailteachdoghpirteaseigin mn m'chridheaig an ani ud de 'n oidhche, leis anrobh mi air m' eigneachadh mo leabaa thoirt orm ran 'n toisicheadh ant-aoradh.Is e is docha, gu 'm b' e sud adh' a,obharaich m'aineolas air gluasadinntinnDhonnchai fo eisdeachd anaoraidh. Le millseachd chomhar-I'aichte, sheinneadh e ard-phairteanfuinn aosda na h-eaglais, oir bha aghuth binn, fonnmhor, ceileireachagus re na h-uiiie a bhiodh m' athairi^'leughadh a' chaibidil, na 'm b' ann'an eai'rann air bith de leabhraichean'èachdraidheil an Sgriobtuir a bhitheadhe, leigeadh e a thaice air a'bhord agus shealladh e 'n a aodann, a'slugadh gach focail le gionachddhein agus dhuvachdaich. Air oidhchearaidh, air do m' athair a bhia' leughadh a' chuigeamh caibidilthar da fhichead de Ghenesis, ghuile cho goirt a's gu 'n do chur e stadair an leughadh, agus air do m' athair'fheoraich ciod a chuir a leithid debhuaireas air? thuirt Donncha ris,nach b' urraim e 'innseadh.XJair eile, air do m' athair 'n achursa leughaidh tighinn gus annaoithef(,mh caibideil deug deLeabharnam Breitheamhna 'n uair a thoisiche air a leughadh, bha Donncha 'n ashuidhe air taobh eile an tighe, achmu 'n d' rainig e meadhon a' chaibidildh' ealaidh e suas dluth d* anil inn. ' ' Beachdaichibh air, gabhaibhcomhairle agus labhraibh," arsa m'athair, agus dhuin e an leabhar." Air adhart, ma's e ur toil e," arsaDonncha, " air adhart, agus cluinnemidciod a ihubhaii-t iad mu'thimchioll." Sheall m' athair legruaim air Donncha, ach air dha'fhaicinn gu 'n do ghabh e naireairson neo-iomchuidheachd a ghiulain,gun aon fhocal a radh, dh'fhosgail e am Biobul, agus leugh ean fhicheadamh caibideil, fada ged abha e. Air an latha-ar-na-mhaireachbha Donncha a' dol mu 'n cuairt leisa' Bhiobul fo 'achlais, ag iariaidh airgach neach a choinnichea
264- AN GAIDHEAL. CeudMhlossa'Clieamhraldl), I873.am bheil tU-agh phuimlixie agarn, airino cliosJ feiu. Air oitlhche araicllia tbacbar do lu' athair a blii airfalbb aig faidbir, 'n uair a thainigam ail aoraidb, db' iarr mo mbatliairair aoa de iia sgabxgaii aite ni' atbar agliabbailaruiau ceann an dleasdanais;t-suidbeacbadb cbeudna roindie so."" Tlia mi a" saoil.sinn," arsa Donncba," gu 'm faodamaid a' cbuis a mbarasglacbadlieadaruinn," agus gbabb etein OS laimb gu 'n seinneadb e salm,agus gu '11 racbadb e an dail nab-urnuigb, na'm be a's gu 'n leugbadliMairi an caibideiL Dli' aontaicbmo mbatbair, aun aii.ratliad a bbacar teagmbacb^i-i tairgse Dbouncbai,•'•Acb," ars' ise, "ma ni tbu urnuigbmar is fearr is urrainn dliuit, lecridbe treibbdbireacb, clia 'n 'eilteagamb nacb faigli tliu eis(b'acbdcbo pailt agus ged a bbiodb d' iarrtasanair an cvir, ann am briatbranordail, fileanta," Cba robb Douncbaaig an auj ud cor^asacli air a' blieaga ieughadb, acb air dba cuid de uasaibn a tbogail air a cbuimbue, le,_ Mairi a bbi gu trie 'g an leugbadb>,dba, db' aitbris agus sbeinn e : an,(treasamb salm tbar an fbicbead ocbeann gu ceann, gu rianail, biun.Leugb Mairi caibideil d'aii TiomuadhNuadb ; lub sinne ar gluinean lambritbe, agus tboisicb I^onncba ris anurnuigb mar a leauas ;— " O Tbigbcarna,bi tbusa 'n ad Dbia dbuinn, 'nad fbear stiuraidb, agns'n ad dbiondliuinn gu am ar bais, agus ti'oimb'n bba3"^briatbraii a b' abbaist dom' atbair a bbi ag aitliris gu trie 'n aurnuigbean. Rinn Doiiueba gi-cùuion-a; agus thoisicli mo ndiatbai)- rismuaintcacliadli naeb robli Donncba'n a cboigreaeb do ubleaebdadbna b-urnuigb:— "0 Tbigbearna, istiisa " —ars' esan, acb stad e gun dolui b'fbaide; mbair an tosdacbd udcar mionaid no 'dba, gus an do bbristmise a macb le glag-gbaire. Db' eiricbDonncba le cabbaig, agus le ceanncroin ; tbug e a cbasan as gu a leabaidba' caoineadb agus a suatbadb aacb dbiult e a gbabhail os laimb, agiissbeap e air falbb d' a leabaidb. " Mo bbasan. Cba do stad mise de'ntbriiaigbe!" arsa mo mliatbair, " gur gbaireacbdaicb gus an do leag moeigiuu dbuiun uile dol a cbadal an mbatbair strac air mo dbruim leis a'iiocbdguiiurnuigbjcbacbiiimbneleam cblobba. Mar sin, tbainig arc' uin a tbacliair dbniun a bbi auns an u-aoradb air an oidbcbe ud gu cricbmbi-sbealbbaicb.Lean mise air sailDboniicbai, a' caoineadb ni'bu gboirtena esan, acb 'g ^ sniadadb airson'urnuigb gun sta, as letb an d' fbuairmise a leitbid de smacbdacbadb,agus a reir mo bbeacbd fein, guneo-cbiontacb.Mu 'n d' fbag sinn au sgoil, gu bbia' buacbailleacbd a' cbruidb air anatb sbambradb, racbadli againn air a'Bbiobul a leugbadb gu gle mbatb le'cbeile. Acb bba Donncba moranni bu turaile na bba mise; agus bbae cbo toigbeacb air leugbadb eaebdraidbeana' Bbiobuil, a's nacb robbcaitbearoh-airosir eile a bu taitnicbeleiiui na a bbi 'g a sbior leugbadb.Bu trie a sbuidb Mairi,esan agus mise, fo 'n aon bbreacaii,ri taobb an arbbair, a' leugbadbcaibidil mu seacb I'e iomadb uair degacb latba mu 'n am ud, a' gul tbairisair laigsiimeau agus tuislidbeaudbaoine diadbaidb, agus fo iongantasmu cbumbacbd eugsambuil gbaisgeacbua'n seann linnteaun. Cbarobb duine riamli air a lionadb lesolas ni bu mbo na bba Donncba 'nnail- a tiiaiuig e gu eacbdraidhSbamsòin, Dliaibbidb agus Gboliab.Clia b' urrainn e'bbi riaraicbte gusan do leugb e iad do gacb neach ab' aithne dba, a' saoilsiun gu 'n robhiad cbo ur agus cbo annasach dombuinntir eile's a bba iad dba fein,Bu trie a cbunnaic mi e 'u a sbeasambIftmb ris na cailean 'u uair a
;Ceud Mhios ;v' Ohcaiuhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 265bhiodh iad a' bleodhan a' chriiidh,agiis e a' leugliadh dhoibh mii eachdraidliShanisoi]!, agiis a' saracLadlim' pliarantan a bhi a' dol a machleinn air feadh nan raointean, agusa' gabhail pairt anns a' chaitheamhgachfear agus beau a bha anns a' aiinsir thaitneach ud,clioimhearsnachd le 'chuid leughaidh. IMuiLEACHAir laithean na Sabaid, b' abbaist do{Ri l^tiiiivm.)GUTH ONEAMH.<strong>An</strong> cluinn tbu, anaim, an cluinu tbii,<strong>An</strong> chiinn tbu idir, nach cluinn tbu,<strong>An</strong> cbiinn tbu, anaim, nacb ckiinn tbu,<strong>An</strong> gutb tba o nèamb ad ionnauidb?Oir tba tbu gacb mionaid le cabbaig a' triall,Gu catbair a' Bbreitbimb 'tliug bitb dbuitse, Dia,'S ma tbu gun cburam mu 'n cbùis so ort riambO ! 's mitbicb dbuit ciall a nis ionnsacb'.Ged tba thus' gun cburam tba d' nine a' triall'S O! 's goirid do latba gus'n luidb ort a' gbriaii;'S ma g-blacas am bus tbu ad nàmbaid do Dbia,'S iad lasraicbean dian do cbuibbrionn.Tba Dia ann a fbirinn ag innseadb gacb la,'S a' pbeacadb gu 'n d' gbineadh tbu 'n iiinibb do mbàtb'r,'8 gu bbeil tbu'tbaobb nàduir ro gbràineil 'n a làth'ir,' u' rAT'"'S gur leanabb do 'n bbas tbii cinnteacb; if';; ,:'S gu bbeil tbu o d' oige a' storadb dbuit fèiuDian cborruicb lebùbba tba 'n toir ort 's gacb ceum,'S tu 'bristeadb gun sòradb lagb glòrmbor nan nèamb,'Bbeir mallacbdan Dbe 's gach linn oi-t.Nacb cluinn tbu lebobbab, àrd mbòr-bhreitbeamb an t-saogbail,Bbo lasraicbean Sbinai ag innseadb do dbaoin'Gur mallaicbt' gacb aon 'ui o àitbintibb-san claon','S nach coimhlion gach aon ni tba annta.Nach cluinu tbu 'Cheud àithne a ghnàth riut ag rhdh,Gun Dia sam bith eile bhi agad 'n a làth'ir;'S am faod tbu le firinn 'n a fhianuis a ràdh,Nach d' rinn tbu o 'n àithne so tionndadh !Nacb cluinu tbu an Dara a' spaiTadh gu teann,Gu 'n lean thu'n dòigb aoraidb tbiig Dia dbuit 's gach am.Gun aomadh le cleachdadb no reacbd a tba cam,Nacb fhaigb tbu o 'laimb 's a' Bhiobul ?
;;266 AN QAIDHEAL. Cemì ifhios a' Gheamhraidh, 1S73.Tha 'ilìiitàne so 'ditqaclh nau ionihaighqan faoin,'S do dliaoiue bhi stripcMadh do imileachdnibli dliaoin';'S tha focal ua firiaii, ag innseadli gu saorGu 'n sgriosar lucUd-^^Pi'^iJ^h iodhail.Nach cluinn thu an Treas te a' bacadh nam niionn,Ainm Dhe tlioirt an dionihain 's gacli nil' anacaiunt;''S mar robh thnsa faic'] leach mu d' fhoclaibh 's gach amDo 'n Dia th' os do chioun bheir cnnntas.Tha 'n Ceathramh ag àithuèadh gu 'ni haomMaich thu 'n laA bheannaich an Tighearn, 's g« 'n gabh thu air tàmli;Gu 'ni builich thu d' nine, 's a' chuil s am measg chàich,'Toirt ùmhalachd do Ard-no;h Shioiv,'S cha 'n fhaod thu bhi tighjnn air biiiidhinn mu 'n t-saogh'l,No 'riarachadh t' fheòla le sMasaibh faoin,No 'caitheamh na h-ùine ri sùgradh mi-naondi,A 's Breitheamh chloinn daoin' cho teann ort.Tha 'n Cuigeamh ag iarraidh gu 'n ioc thu a ghnàth.<strong>An</strong> t-urram 'tha dligheach do d' athair 's do d' mhàthairGu 'n toir thu dhoibh ùmhlaQhd lo dùrachd 's le gràdh,Ma 's miann leat fad làithe gun teaxindaclid.Tha 'n Seathamh ag iarrai.dh nach tog thu do làmhGu 'bheatha thug Dia dha a bhuintinn o d' nàmh;A 's measav mar mhortairean uile la bhràith,Gach aon a bheir ait' do ghamhlas.Tha 'u t-adhaltras bacte '^ an t-SeachdiVwh a ris,'S gach ni a tha truajlUidh aii clea,chda,dh 's an crìdh','S tha 'm focal ag innseadli gu 'n tilgear a sios,Gu truaighe gun clirioch luchd neo-glaloin.Tha 'n t-Oòhdamh a' bacjadh na gad'achd do dhaoin','S an ni sin nach buin duit ft chumail dhuit fein'S ma's toigh leat donàbaidh na lughdaich a mhaoin,Ach saothvaich 's na,f,as %d li,inndair.Tha 'n Naoitheamh a' diteadh bhi 'g innseadh nam breug,No mi-chliu a sgaoileadh air aon th^, fo 'n ghrein'S tha 'n fhlrinn ag innseadh gu'm V)i luchd nam breug,<strong>An</strong> ionad na pein, fo chuibhreach.Tha 'u Deicheamh ag iarraidh nach miannaich thu 'd chrklh'<strong>An</strong> t-àit' aig do nàlmidh, 'bhean àillidh, no mhaoin;'S an cuibhrionn thug Dia dhuit, l^is rit\raicht' gu 'm bi,Le cumail riut liidh a 's eudaich.'S e 's suim do na Iv-iuthntibh ar gi-àdh thoirt do Dhia,.Le'r cridhe 's le 'r n-iiiutiun gun chlaomidh 's gun ghiamh,'S ar gràdh thoirt d' ar nàbaidh a ghnàth mar dhuinn fein,.'a nacli dean sinn aoa bheiul a chaoidh dha,
:Chuba.—;Ceud -Mhios a aiieamhi-aidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL'. 267'8 am faocl thu le misnich a nis rium a ratlhGil 'n d' ghlèidli thu gach tiota gacli reaclid agus àithn';Nach d' linn tliu riamh peacadh an cleachdadh no 'n gnàth,'S nach eagal leat bus no ganntair?Acli nia tha 'n f hianuis 'cjiuia' Dia ann ad chridli',Ag innseadli mar tha dliuit, gu 'n deacliaidli tu clitL,O !'s inithnich dliuit teiclieadh gu teasraigioin Cliriosd,'S na lasraichean siorruidh teann oi-t.Ach, anaiin, nis pill rium a cliluinntinn an Sgeil'Thug solas do mhlltibh 's na linnibli o clièin,'S gu 'n d' thugadh 'ii a iobairt an Ti so, Uan Dìxè,'S na chreideas an sgeul .bidli, slaint'ac'.Tha naidheachd ro phrlseil 's a' Bhiobul so lior,Gu 'n d' bhàsaich an Iobairt a dhiol ceartas Dhia'S ma chreideas tu 'ni so 's leafc fireantachd Chriosd,A's maithear gu siorruidh t-aingidheachd.'8 ma dhiiiltas tu 'n Ti so tha 'n fhirinn ag ràdhNach fàgar dhuit iobaii-t gu d' dhionadh o chràdh;Ni mallachd na Tiiaiiaid gu siorruidh ort tamhGu d' chumail an sns 's na piautaibh.The above Ilymn was composed by the late Mr. Donald Camei'on, GaelicTeacher, Noith Uist, who had also composed many moi'e, and left themready for the Press before he died. Mr. Cameron was very mucli esteemedfor his intelligence and piety, as well as for his general demeanoiur, by allwho knew him.MAR A FIIUAKASAMACH AMERICA.[We consider it due to the author <strong>of</strong> this article to state that he is notresponsible for the orthography <strong>of</strong> the first part, which appeared in No. 14<strong>of</strong> the Gael. In the present one we have, at his request, adhered to hjsown orthogi-a^jhy.] n)Bha sliiagh na duthcha aineolachair iai-unn ; ach chunnaig na Spainnichmailleagan oir 'n an cluasaijahagus thuig iad gufi d'thainig ant orbho thir gu deas. Uime sin stiuii-Columbus gu deas ; agus an nineghoirid, an deigh iomad eilein beagfhaicinn, rhaiuig e iunis mhorSheol e sear an sin gus and' rhaiuig e ceann shios an eilein.Fhuair ^ mach gun x-obh or &,\v a^eilein ach gun robli e na bu phail'tean eilein eile taolih na h-aird an ear.Chaidh e air toir an eilein so; agusfhuair ^ mach Haiti a dh'ainmich esaIIi^2^aniola (<strong>An</strong> Spainn feheag) risan abrar a uise >S'an Domingo. Bhana h-Iniiseinich a teicheadh uapadhle eagal ; ach an deigh do na Spaiunichfear dliiu a theasraiginn bhobhàthadh, ghlac iad misneaph aguschuairticli iad na longan 'n an sgoth-
'Uime208 AN GAIDHEAL. CeiidMlHosa-Gheamliraidh, isra.ail)b. Fhuair na Spaiunich measagus or napaflli am malairt airsoiiDiirean de ghloin dhaite agus nitheaiicile air bheag brigh.Stiùii' Columbus, an siu scar, agusan uine glioirid bhuail an SantaMaria air sgeir, agus cliaillear i; achshaorar e fliein 's a dhaoine; aguscbaidh iad air bord na Nina. Thoge an sin daingneachle fiodh na SantaMaria anns an d' fhag e oclid firdheug air fhichead ag-us dh' f lialbh eair a tliurus dhachaidh le beaganInnseineach 'n a cbuideaclid. <strong>An</strong>deighe V)hi am mòr chunnart bhoainneart cuain, rhainig e Palos ainnieadbou a Mhart. Gliabli iad risan sin le mòr aighear ; agus ait athurus gu baile-mor Bliarselona, faran robli a cliùirt 's an am sin, bliasluagli a ruitli as gach taobh g' afhaicinn. T)h' aitliHs e do 'n righ 'sdo 'n 1 )bnn-righ gaeb ui a tbacbair; agusdb' f beucb e dliaibb nali-Innfieinicbagus an t-oi- a f liuair e. Bha iad roaoibbneacb gun dosboirbbicb a cbuis;agus dbaingnicb iad da gach coir a'sjurram a tliug iad da air tus.,Cbaidb cabblacb de choiglongandeug uidbeambacbadb a nis leis ando sbeol e blio pbort Chadis mumbeadbon an fbogbaraidb, /s abbliana 1493, marrai coig ceud deugpearsa a bha dealasach air or a'scliù. Sbeol 6 gu deas air- cursa acbeud tilruis .; agus toiseach agbeamhraidh, cbunncas eilein do 'ntug e ant ainm Dominica, cheanngum b' aim air an Dombnacb a fhuairiad amacb e. Stiuir iad an sin gutiiath; agus alg eilein Ghuadalupe,'chujniaig iad lo h-uambas, feoildluioinc'g a r^sdadb airson cnirin.B' iad na Cariliean, daoine ro bborb,'alluidb,a bha'g aiteacbadh nati eileineansin, anns an do sgaoil iad })bo'tJiir-mpr America-mu-Dheas.Sbeol iad a nis gu Hisi)aniola far'ah d' fhuair iad amach gun do Iboisgna h-TnnseiriicTi nin cjaingneach agusgun do mharbb iad gach neacb adh' fhag Columbus ann. B'iadexicoir a's ainneart nan Spainneachfhein aobhar an sgrios. Thog e ansin baile air an d' thug e ainm naban- righ, teaiin air beinn Cibas, faran I'obh moran Mr, a reir aithris.Chaidh e nise gu Cuba ; agussheol e astar mor suas air taobh deasan eilein. Bha e a faoineachd mxior; agiis fbreagair daoine na tire lecombaT-aibb, gum faigbear sin anduthaich fbarsuing gu deas. Uimeein stiuir iad air ant slighe sin ; agusan uine ghoirid, chunnaig iad eileinmor Jamaica, le bheanntaibh arda,gorm 's a choilltibb aillidh. Bha ansluagh n' a bu cholgaire na gu tuath ;agus bha sgothan acaair an dealbha aon cbraoibb deich troidheaufichead air fad. Ach eha d'fhuaras'or 's an eilein. sin thill iadgu Cuba ; agus sheol iad suas marair tus. Bha Columbus am barailgum b' ann de thir-mor Asia Cuba,g\i latha a bbais. Cha rol)h fios aigeriamb gun d' fhuair e mach saogbalur, agixs gun robh cuan mor farsuinneadar e a's Asia. Bha e 'n duil gunracbadh aige air an Roinn-Eorpa arhuigbeachd le seoladb siar air anairde sin. Ach cliaill a dhaoine ammrsneacli agus bha a Ibongan ancunnart dol nan sgealbaibb ; agusb'eiginn tilleadh, nuaii' a bha eteann air ceann shuas an eiilejn,,Thog cruadal agus iomaguin tromghalara nise do 'n cheannai'd, airdhoigh 's gun robh e dlutb do 'n bhas.Ach nuair a rhainig e Hispaniolathachaii' e air a bhratbair, Parian,duine tapaidh, misneachail ;agusthu so faoebatlh dlia; agus fbuair eslainte. Ach cha robh a chor sona.Bha neart de na thainig amacb marrisan duil gum faigheadh iad pailteas òiragus gach ni tìachail g*un dragh nosaothair ; agus nuair a fhuair iadamacb iiach robh a cbuis mar sinchnir iad iVcboire air Columbue; agus
;'t'fuJ Mhios a' Glieamhraidh, lS7y. AN GAIDHEAL. 269sheol cuid diti sin gii diomhair do 'nSpaiuu, far an d' rliinn iad casaidclii'uaidh ris a chuirt 'n a agbaidh.Uime sin cBaidh duine d' am b' ainmIain Aguado a chur amacli chum achilis a rhannsachadh. Bha an dnineso'n a nhamhaid do Choliimbus;agus thug e cluas do gach ni achaidh agairt 'n a aghaidh. Uimesin thill Columbus mams do 'nSpainn.Nuaiv a rhainig e a chuirt bha cuida labhairt 'n a aghaidh, agus a deaiiamhtàir air a ghniomhaibh. <strong>An</strong>sin fhuair e ubh, agus dh' iarr e orraant iibh a chur 'n a sheasamh air acheann. Nuair a dh' fhaihiich orrasansin a dheanamh, ghabh esa ant ubh,agus thug e guogag dha, agus mar sin'eil sin coltach," fhreagair au gille," mise nach dobhlais ach gle bheagande thoilinntiuneau na beatha—thoir thu feiu as gu ceaun fhicheadbliadhiia co dhiu, gus am poS' miagus am meal mi tomhas de shasach-chuirear ant ubh air ball 'n sheasamh adh an t-saoghail." Dh' fhag amair a cheann. " 'S un-ainn do neach Bas e air an am. Thainig e ritliisdair bith sin a dheanamh," ars iadsa. mu cheaijii na h-uine 'chaidh aiumeachadh." 0, bhochdainn" <strong>An</strong> deighe dhomhsa a dheanamh "!" ais'ars esa. Dh' f heuch e an sin do 'n an duine og, " au d' thainig thuchuirt aobhar an draigh agus an cheana?" Fhreagair am Bas, " Nachdoigh 's am bu choir buntuinn ris na do dheonaich mi dhuit au dàil a.''daoiue a chaidh mach, air chor 's gun dh' iarr thu " " Ach," ars' au duine,do chuir e eascairdean 'n an tosd. " nach 'eil thn 'faicinu leis an iomaguin's au dragh a th' agani a' togail<strong>An</strong> ceann da bhliana dh' f halbh eair a threas turns, le sè longaibh. mo theag-hlaich nach d' fhiiair mi,Stiuir e nise fada gu deas ; agus uime fhathast a' bheag d' an toileachadhsin fhuair e mach tir-mor Americamu-Dheas,agus an amhainu mhor ceann fhichead bliadhuaeilej bithidlilis an robh suil agam,—bi falbh guOrinoca. Bha esa am barail gum an sin mo chlann air au togail agiisb' i sin amhainn Gihon an gàradhEdeTi. Sheol e 'n sin gai tuath ; agusnuair a rhainig e Hispaniola bhacuisean ro aimhreiteach j agus 's ethainig a sin gun do chuirear esa do'uSpaimi 'n a phriosanach fo gheimhlibh.Nuair a cluialas so air feadhna rioghachd, bha daoine gu mor acoireachadh mar a chaidh buntuinnbochd, mar a bha e 'g asluchadh aomf acail nan Salm, " <strong>An</strong>n ad Ihaimhsetiomnam mo spiorad : saor mi, aThighearna Dhe na firinn." , ;•P. ]\1 ac-Griogaikj ,AN T-OG.ÌNACH AGUS AMBAS.Tha e air aithris gu 'u d' thaiuigam Ba8 aig- am araidh a dh-ionnsaidhgille oig- agiis dh'iimis e dha gu'ud' thainig e g' a iarraidh. " Cha 'ncomasach air soncothachadh air an soufheiu." Dh' fhag am Bas e a nthisd's cha do thill e gus an i-obh an duinemu thiiaiream tri fichead bliadhnadh' aois. " Cha 'u fhaod e 'bhi nachthu nis air do Ian sbasuchadh leis'eilan t-saoghal," ais' am Bas^ " airchor agus gu 'n tig thu leani a nisgun do shuil a bhi 'n a dheigh."" Fhuair mi gu cinnteach nine chuimseachach bu mhomha mo charraidagus chaidh a chur gu h-aithgheari-is ;.fo sgaoil. Ach chuir Ferdinand feardreuchdeile 'n a ait, agus cha d' na mo thoileachadh. Thar leam, a nisIhuaii- e ceartas gu latha a bhais. na 'n deonaicheadh tu fathasd dhomhDh' eug e am baile Bhalladolid air beagan bhliadhnachan a chaithimiail fhicheadamh latha de 'n jNIhaighaosmhoraimfall ihainnan sith 's au suaindiueas, gu 'mleaf 'b a bhliana ISOt), agusairbheagduilgheis; ach
'—)—;—:—,—— —È70 AN GAIDHEAL. iheainhi-jiidh, 1875.cnimhiiich gu'n cuir thu tri comliaraiiam iontisaidh m' an tig thu, a thoirtsai)ais dhomli gn blieil tlui 'tiyliiiiiu"Mu thnaiieam deich bliadlma'n adheigh sin thacliair am Bas air aim'S an riochd eile, air choir 's iiach an cinu fo chirb nan neul am falach.Dh' amhairc Rurach le ioglinadhd' aithiiich e gur e bh' aim. Chuir eAir aodainn charaigeach nan aonachfailte air an t-seanu duine a's tliuirt Ag eiridh o choiiihnard na fairgee, " Tha mi toilichte d' f haiciim a' Ursaunan ioniall ard na h-Alba,dol ni' an cnairt cho cahna." " Mise A chuir an creachadair daualonanncahna ! "s mar an umhlachd chrabhaidh," ars' an duine cha 'u 'eil mocheuin àch g'oirid, turainaiiach;nach 'eii thu 'faicinn gni bheil mi amfeimi bfita g'am cluimail o thviiisle."" Tha do chlaisteachd maith," ars'am Bas. " 0, cha 'n 'eil mo chlaisteachdach fior dhona; is ro bheag- achluinneas mi de chomhradh ged abhios mi gle dliluth 'laimh." " Thado leirsiiin gle mliath co dhiu," ars'am Bas. Gu dearbh cha 'a 'eil ; thami am feum nan speuclair." " Soso," thuirt aili Bas, 's e ag- innseadhBLAR SHUNADAIL.(O'li iiircanih nm dhfivendh.Ohhi.ais n.a tir thtm a' chladalch,'H leag iad an airni au tom-falaich.Fhiiaradh grad an asaig iasgaich,LJidlieain gun mlieaiig mar a ilh' ianadli.Stiuir iad tryimli'u linne leathaiii, dLomhain.Mbauaijm gn corsa Chinntirc,O'n .tl'thàinig an naidheachd mar adh' innsear.<strong>An</strong> Claonaig f hasga'cli nam faoileannLeag iad an acair, 's phaisg iad aodachGus an d' eiricli grlan air beanntanAraiun,(ied a chuir sruth a's gaoth 'n a dheann eTroimh stuadhan grnamach Chaolas-Bhranndain,'S e 'faicinn cladach glas ChinntireLe turaibh aosda mar dhion da<strong>An</strong> sealladh a cheil' air gach bean-adh,Far an dearrsadh teine-rabhaidh'N uair a thigeadh naimbdean nan GaidhealA fhuair an uaigh cho trie 's a thainig--Coi-sa sgolbach, geodhach, iargalt'A chuir Rurach a duil na dh' iarr è ;'S mur bitheadh comhairle a chaitdeanThilleadh e luath mar a thainig.Le gaoth 'n an siuil, 's raimh 'g ansparradh,Gu dian an iar ag iarraidh rathaidGu loch fasga'ch Chille-ChiarainCO e, " thig leain gnm tuilleadh dàlach."" Ach nach do gheall thu tricomharan a chur air thoiseach ort?" Mianu nam bard 'a na chumiaic riamh e I" Agus nach 'eil thu fein ag aideach-Rainig na seoid Cleit-a'-chaolais,Eadar Eileanda-bharr a's Creag-namfaoileannadh," fhreagaii- am Bas, " gu 'nd' fhuair thu tri—call do lùth's, do Ob. fasga'ch, a's gun tonn air cladach..''chlaisteachd agus do leirsinn Chuir Thuirt Gargan, " So an t-aite. Stadaibhthu uait, o am ga am, gach iomiadh Gus an cluinnear na 's aill leibh,'S bhur comliairle m 'an iarr sinn fardachail" a' bhas, a' cur romhad a bhiEadar giallan an leoghainnullamh au ath uair a thiginu ; ach A 's trie a chagaimi ar seorsa.tha mi 'faicinn nach 'eil buannachd A righ Ath-cliatli,—ort an luireachaim a bhi cur seachad na 's fhaide Glac an taoman 's aoui do chulaobh.'8 tu 'nis sgalag a' bhatafeumaidh tu tighinn leam a iiis, co'S bi bodhar o nach d' fhuair thu Gaidh-dhiu tlia.thu deas no nach 'eil."hg-'•-"^;iIJadar. le J. W. Bidh sinne 'smeideadh riut's 'gad sheoladhMar bhalbhan bochd nach cluinn arill)'Lag-'na'-H-ab'tiinn,comhradh,<strong>An</strong> Fheill Micheil, 1873.A dhaoin-uaisl' am bheil sibh uile toileach<strong>An</strong> righ a chur mar so am folach?"Fhreagair gach fear, "Biodh sin mar'tha eCha 'n 'eil doigh eil' air a thoirt sabhailt."Gargan, — •' Taobh thall d' an charaig80 air fuavadhChi e gur maith dha na chual e."i)h' ioniair iad m' an cuairt an rudhaA dh' f haicinn na thuirteadh riutha;Rainig iad halean-an-da-chaolais,'S dithist fosgailt' air gach taobh dhethAon diubh lai;, durahain, lior-ghlan,
!;:—;;;— ——Ceiid iJhios a' Gheamluaidh, loVS. AN GAIDHEAL. m—)!*S an t-aon eile 'tràgh'dh 's a' lionadh'n linne gu braighe 'chalaAir an d" ainmich na Gaidh'il am baile.Thug Rurach osann throm nach b'abliaist:'N uair 'chunn' e 'n t-eilean, b' eagal;dasan [dearga,Earra-Ghaidhealaich mhor nan casan'N all sfeathan o bhile na fairgeAir lend gacli tfoidli an seasatlh diiine,iochdar na creige g' a muUach ;Plathan soills' o 'n airm a' dearràadh ;Srol air a' bhinneig a b' airdeBratach na h-Allja, seadli a morachdD' an dion aon-adharcacli a's leoghann.Bha slabliraidh aibheiseach trast' a' chaolais.'S a cinn 's a' chreig anns gacli taoljlidheth.So glas a' chala—stad a I\uraichTha cleachdainn nan Gaidheal ur dhuit IGhlaodh freiceadan, " Co as duibh f hearàibh?'S coir gn 'n tuig sibh bhixr mearachdSo latha-breth Eigh AlbaTha 'n rathad duinnt' air tir 's air fairge.Innsibb co as duibh ; so an t-ordnghA thug an ceannard 's an am dhomhsa.'Garg<strong>An</strong>.—lasgairean sinne o Arainu:Tha sinn cearr 's gun 'f hies againn.Slainte 's Ijuaidh do Eigh CoinneachA' chroich do na dh' iarras a choireBu dnilich leinn 'ordugh a bhristeadh,A laoich mhoir a's airde misneach."Dh' iomair iad a mach gn socairAg amharc 'n an deigh, 's cha b' anutosdach,am boineidean 'n an lanihanAg iolach 'sMar gn 'm b' eibhneas dhaibh an t-àit' ud.GAEG AN.—"Tha sinn fad nan ramho 'n charaigGr|-easaibh gu luath as an t-sealladh.Ma ghabhas iad amharus ciod e sinn,Gheibh sinn an (jad gun stad gun reite.Chroch iad so Greann Mor Mac lomhairA ghlac iad latha Ghlinne-righ'sdailGuo-uan-ceann, a's Sraehd-nan-sealbhan,Da bhrath'r m' atharCeud d' a mhuinntir, 's iomadh ceannatdNach d' fhuair fathast an eiricA thogar gun tajng 'n uair a tlieid sinn'N ar buidhnean-creachaidh feacUi naduthcha.Bidh neulan toit'gach taòbh'g an tuchadh;Sleagh, a's tuadh, a's croich, a's teinne,'Toirt aichmheil dhiubh airson na 's leinne.Cha dion a' chreag ud fad' an anail,Ged 's lionmhor iad, a's sinne ainneamh.Tha la eile 'tarruing dluth dhaibhA bheir Lochlann daibh le aii-eamhdubhlanTha, nis, a Eigh an ceann siar adshealladh;Dirèàch mn d' choinnimh, so an rathad.Chi thu Dun-abhartaidh 's na th' aniidiul)h,Ach 's gliocas an seachnadh 's an am so.So duthaich nan curaidh garg an cOmhail;Bheir sinne dJiaibh deaAinal nan sgornanM' eibhneas an tuadh an uair a chi miA faobhar a' spreadadh an ciobhlan,'S troimh bhim nan teang 's gu cul naiicluasan,A' dioghladh na thug iad bhuainne ! i ,.,);fjRi hantuinn.SONAS NAN AINMHIDHAGUS NAN EUN.Tha e ro tliaitneach a bhi 'beaclidachadhaii- siiilbhearachd agiis airtoiliuntinn nau ainmhidh agus naneun, an uair a bhios an aim sir freagarrachair an son. Co nach d' thugfainear an gairdeaclias a iiithear leisna h-eoin bheag, agus na binn-cheilearanleis an seinn iad ri blathas anp]arraich agus an t-Samhraidh / Isminic, air an doigh so, tha iad 'n anaobhar farmaid do nihac an duine, atha, air amannaibh, troiii, muladachle trioblaidibh, agus saruichte leh-amhgharàibli an t-saoghail aingidhso! Tha moran aig an duine 'n achonias chura sonas nan creutair sina mheudàchadh, a thugadh dha airson feum araidh ; feudaidh e bhi airsou loin g' a bheathachadh, agus airson an earraiilh leis am bheil e air a.sgeudachadh. Gu cinnteach, uiniesin, 's e dleas 'nas an duine a bhibuntainn gn cairdeil riu. Tha cuidaim, gidheadh, a ta'gabhail tlachdann a bhi 'milleadh agus a' mai'bhadhnam beathaichean neo-chiontach sin,nach 'eil a' deanamh cron air neachno ail- ni sam bith mu 'n ciiairtdoibh. Tha na h-ainmhidhean comasachair an taingeileachd fein ahodidadh dhoibh-san a bhios cairdeili-iti, agus ni iad sin gti treibhdhireach,agus gun fhoill sam bith. Is matha dh' aithnicheas iad an neach sin abhios cairdeil agus oaoimhneil riu.
a•275 AN GATDHEAL. Ceud JIhios a' (Jheaiiihiaidh, 1873.Fauaichidli a' mhuc t'ein au neacli abhios gu riaghailteach 'g a beathachadli,agus air a doigh fein bheir itaiug dha. Noclidaidh an crodh antoilinntiun fein au iiair a chi iada' mhuinntir a i)ha'tritliealadh orra,agus cairdeil rin. Crathaidh iad ancluasan agus sinidli iad a mach ansrona dubha,fliiicli mar chomhar airau taingeileaclid agus an deagh-gheanfein. Ni, mar an ceudna, au cumoran otliail ris-san a ni dhetli, agusa bhios gu maitli dha. Agus faicibhau seanu each dubh ud a rainig corris fichead bliadhn' a dh-aois, agustha e ceart co eolach air gach iieachmu 'u cuairt da ri 'mhaighstir feiu.Faicibli e a' toirt foise d' a cheaun aira' chachliadli, au uair a tha e' faicinnfear-an-tighe a' dluthachadli ris, anduil gu 'm faigh e ubhal no mir arainas a laimh. Mar so, tha e marfhiachaibh air na h-uile bhi cairdeilris na bruidibh boclida nach urrainuan uireasbhuidhean feiu 'inuseadh,agus gun a bhi uair sam bith 'g angeur-leanmhuinn agus 'g au gearradlias. Tlia 'n duine glic ag radh marso, " Bithidh ciu-am aig an duiiieiouraic do bheatha 'aiuujhidh, ach"is an-iochdmhor truacantais nanaingidh.".—(Guath, xii. 10.): uld 3 dbis. Sgiathanach.duine saibhir ri 'airgiod fein air sonslainte.Xa cuir mor-dhochas auus anduine sin nach cuir a dhochas feinanu am muiuutir eile. Cha 'n 'eilcridhe an duine sin glau. Esau aigam Ijheil amharus au uilc'u a inntinnfein a thaobh sluaigh eile, tha efaicinn aiinta-san a' cheart ui a ta efaicinn ami feiu. Do ua fior-ghlointha na h-uile nithe fior-ghlan, achceart mar sin, tha na h-uile nitheueo-ghlan dhoibhsau a ta neo-ghlau.Dean ciuuteach àmeud dq theachda-stigh,agus biodh e mor no beag,thig beo air ni'slugha, agus cha bhithu chaoidh anu am bochduinn.Tha Subhailc a' co-sheasamh auK^a bhi toirt air Miami strioclidadh doDhleas'uas. Is iad sailean-giulainau duine measai'rachd, macantas,geamiiuidheachd agus fein-riaghladh.Air an laimh eile, 's i feiu-aicheadhan steidh air am bheil na sailean siuair an suidheachadh. S.L I T I R.A Ghaidheil uasail,—Am bi sibhcho math a,guscuil bheag a thoirt do'ulitir ghoii'id so athanii a' sgriobhadhchum buidlieanu mheasail dedhaoiu'-uaisle air am bheil buille troin air a,_KITHE NUÀDH AGUS SEAN.J>r; Tha atharrachailh nior eadar anbda blieannachd aimsireil sin, Slainteagus Saibhreas. Is e 8aibhreas a 'smo air am liheil muinntir au toil',ach a 's lugh' a shealbhaichear leo.Is minic a shealbhaichear Shiinte,ged is beag am meas a thu aig moranoirre. Tha e soilleir; gu 'm bheilShiinte a' toirt banachd air Saiblireas,an uair a smuaiuichear nachdoalaicheadh au duine a 's bochilatha idir ami r a, shlainte fein air souaiigid, ach gu 'u deulaiclicadh auchur, a dhion? Tha leabhrau beag,Gaidhlig ris au cauar Bkatach NAiFlRlNN a' teachd a mach gach mios,am bheil coire nach beag air aauuscur as leth uau Eaglaiseau Gaidhealachanus a' bhaile so airson an dear-:!mad a tha iad a' deanauih air andleasdannas. Shaoileadh ueach, o'n.chuuutas a tha air a thoirt seachad,gu 'm bheil ua miiiistearan, iia .ìnÌ8fn'oìiarì('s,f\gns uafoirfeich Ghaidhealachaims a' })haile so cho leisg-'s atha ri 'fhaotaiuu, agus ua maolreaglaischo gruamach ri madiaibliciosda. Na 'm b' e so uile ua bhaair a radh, cha bhithiim a' cur dragh
f. dibbe.'"; —IsI——Oeud JIhios a'Oheiiiiilii-aidU, XS73. AN GAIDHEAL. 273oirbh a tliaobh na cnise ; oir dh'fheudadh aii gnotbucli a Wii air'fbagail gu breitb ua muiuntii- a tbamion-eolacb air lucbd-di-eucbd iiaueaglaiseaii fiaidhealach, a's air anobair a tba iad a' deanaiiili ; acb tbani 's iiiiosa ua so air a radl) inn 'iideibbiuii ; tba e air a radb gu 'inbbeil foirfeich aca a tba, cba 'n emhain na 'n osdairean, acb 'u ammisg-earan, agus 'n lucbd-bnaladbbban. A reir aogais, db' amaisfoirfeach air an neacb a db' innis ansg-eul, a cbnir e feiu agns a tbigban ordugb airson fois na Sabaid lebbi air an dull daoraicb, agus leceann a mbna a gbearradb air oidbclieDi-Satbnirne. Na 'm biodb an sgenifior bn clioir ainm a leithid dedb-nile-bheisd a sparradb suas ridorsan nam eaglaisean Gaidbealacb,mar rabnadb do mbuinutii- eile. Acbis e is docha leam gu 'm bi a' cbeartteastas aig gacb ministear Gaidbliga' bhaile so ri 'tboirt a tba agamsa,'sagus is e sin, nacb 'eile a sbambuilsin de fboirfeacb anns an t-Seiseinaige. Cba 'n 'eil osdair no misgearam measg aou cbuid foirfeicb nodeaconaibb Eaglais Cbaluini-cliille.Is i aonde nariagbailteanagainn nacbtaghar neacb air bitb a cbuni aou dena dreucbdan sin a tba 'n a fbear-reicFeudaidb caocbladb bharail abhi aaig nminntira tbaobbnariagbailtmi, &c.,Ministear Eaglais Chaluim-chillk.Glascliu, lomli la,jMios deir. an Fhogh., 1873.COMHRADHE.\DAR CAS-SHIUBHAL-AX-T-SLEIBHAGUS a' CHAILLEACH BHEURR.Cailleacb-bkeurr, boirionnach aigan robb moran d' an t-saogbal, gidbeadba bba auabarracb doicbeallacb.Cba do tbairg i biadb no deocb dodluiine riamb, 's cba d' iarr i airair neacb riamb suidbe. Cbuii- Cassbiubhal-an-t-sleibbgeall ri neacbgu 'n tugadb i biadb dbasan 's gii 'niarradb i air suidbe. Le sin db'fbalbb e far an robb i. Bba antigli Ian toit agns tbubbairt e:Gu'ra beannaich an sealbh tigh dorchadeathachIsE.—Beannaich an fhardach 's gn 'ntar thu dol a macli.ESAN.—Chaidh na cearcan air an iris ;'s mitliicli fanadh.LsE. —Cha'n'eil aunt'ach coin carraich's iad Ian galair.E.SAN.—Tha niise, bho eirigli greine,'siubhal sideibhtean a's gharbhlach,'iS ma gheibli mi fasgadli iiait fein cha teidmi ceiim eile 's e anmocli.IsE.—Cia as a thainig thu?EsAN.—Tbainig mise, 'lihean mo ghaoil,BboLeachd — a'-Chaoil, ambeulananmuich.IsE. 'S cia ainm a th' ort?EsAN. —Tha, Uilleain Dean-sìudìii'.IsE.— Villeam Deon-suidhe!Es.\N.— Is math an airidh, 's bean antighe 'g a iarraidh.IsE. — Uilleim, dean suidlie, 's gedshuidheas cha 'n fheaird ;Cha 'n fhaigh thii ach don bidli, dondiblie, 's don fhardachLar lorn, talamh toll a's deargaidean lomaIanA clij-iomas do mhas gu h-anshoerach.EsAN. —Ud, achailleach, thoirdhomhsabiadhf so, acb bitbeadb i matb no olc, is ian riagbailt a tba aig Eaglais Cbaluinichille.Tba e soilleur raata nacb ann's an Eaglais Steidliicbte a tba 'S leig eadar mi Dia 's an anshocair.IsE.—Biadh cha 'n 'eil agam :Alasdair-nan-stop, an t-osdair " aCha bhi mi fo ghearan craosach ;g'bearr ceaun Iseabal, a mbuaoi air Cha 'n 'eil agam de bhiadhoidbcbe Di-Satbnirue, 'n a fboirfeacb. Na 'sheasadh air sgiath na faochaig.EsAN.—Ciod 6 'dh' fhoghnadh dhuitfein,'S do mhuirichinn gu leir,Naoh foghnadh dhomh fein car aonoidhch'?IsE.— >Sol)hraichean chreag, 1)airnicheanleac,Uisge teth a's deanntagan.Leig i an so a ceann air a' bhràthmar gu 'm. biodb i a' tuiteam 'n a18
.EsAN.—Oha——, ,_274 AN GAIDHEAL. ueiulMlnosa'Uheiimlnaiaii,cadal, a^'us i an duil gu'iu falbliadhe 's tliubliaiit i :—Sa cailal an doichill.ESAN.— So clusgailli ilo ilhuiiacli.Leum e 'ii siu a sua.s do 'n cliuilidb,agiis au nail- a chuiinaic ise uaclirobh a choslas air gu 'in biodli efurasd' a chur air falbb, gblaodh i :Pill pill, a dliroch dluiiiie, 's gheibh tliubiacUi.Tbug i au sin ceaun agus casancaoracb as a' cbuilidb, 's dh' iarr iair an datbadb. <strong>An</strong> uair a bba iadullanib db' fbeoraicb e :Cia nis do cliuid fein ?Ise.—Xa bheir lui fhiii a mach le aonranu.EsAN.—Biodh e mar sin feiu.IsE.—Da lior,da lèir,Da chinas, da clieir,Da cham pheirceall,Ochd ineau au duiru,At-d labhraoh a' chinn,Agus ceithir speir luirguean.EsAN.—'S e dleasadli fear-cosgairt a'cliinn,Suil a's bniaeaii a's eauchaiun,Oluas a mauh o bkuii stuic,Peirceall agiis leac a's leth-clieanu.<strong>An</strong> uair a db' itb e beagan de 'ucbeaun's de ua casan, db' tbalbb e's cbaidb e steacb do tbigb a bbaanus an niiliacbd, 's cbuir a dbetb naUin-icbean agus a' mbaileid. Tbugmuinntir au tigbtì air suidbe ri biadb,'s cba luaitb a tboisicb e air itbuadbua 'tbug e 'u aii-e do 'u cbaillicb agarabarc tbairis air a'bballatbarsuiug,agus air dba bbi' cagnadb greini feolaa tbug e de cbnaiuib, tbuii't isu :'S uaigneach — a cliriomas tu.EsAN. 'S ann am aonar a clicannaich^ mi.'ÌigE^—'H iomadh fear a cbeanuaich athug.EsAN.—Ge b'e co dhà'thug thusa dochuid, faigh uaith o.Tbog e 'n siu bin spainue db' eanaraicbgu 'b-òl, agus db' eigb ise :'.•ktrum an luchd air a' chois chaoil.'n fhaide na sin an t-slighe.IsE.—Is dircadh c.EsAN.—Cba luaithe direadli ua tearnadb.Ise,—Cba chreid mi fhiu nach bard ab' athair dhuit.1.^5 vx.—L'ba b' ard 's cha b'iosal, ach '3a' mheud mheaiUionaich.A A-ersion <strong>of</strong> tbe foregoing curiousdialogue appeared in tbe InvernessCukHcj' some time ago, selected fromtbe inexbaustible budget <strong>of</strong> tbe" Nebber Locbabev Correspondent."It dittered considerabl}' from tinsone. Perbaps a collection <strong>of</strong> tbevarious versions <strong>of</strong> it extant mayenable some <strong>of</strong> your readers to arriveat tbe complete and correct form.Tbe historical note prefixed to tbeCouriers is extremely interesting.Hhath-Liuchaidh.CEOL NAN EAGLAISEANGAIDHEALACH:CANNTAIREACHD XA SREATH.A Gbaidbeil runaicb,—Leugb mian oraid a cbub- H. W. do bburn-ionnsaidb mu tbimcbioll leugbadbnan sreatb an am bbi 'seinn nansalm ann an Gaidblig. Tba e coltacblearn nach aitbne dbasan ach glebbeag nui sbeinn Gaidblig', agus,mar an ceudna, nacb aitbne dba ant-aobbar air son au robb e air tus aira cbleacbdadb. B' e an t-aobbar,nacb b' urrainn acb ro bbeag de 'nt-sluagb leugbadb; agus rinneadb c'n a reacbd leis au Eaglais gu' mbitbeadb na sreatban air an leugbadb,no air an cauntaireacbd a reir mar ab' fbcarr leisan Tròraicb-fbear. Bba .au cleacbdadb ceart agus taitneacb;agus tba e co feumail aii- an latba'ndiugb agus a bba e o cbionri ceud_bliadbna air ais. Tba e fior gu 'u^ui'raiiin moran leugbadb an diugn"seacb mar bba e anus an am ud;gidbeadb, tba e mar an ceudna fior,''nacb urrainn acb beagan de'n t-sluagbGaidblig a leugbadb. Feudaidb tuMairi bban 'a' Mbinisteir 'fbaiciunagus scarbbantano 'dba, agus leabbrau
—;—;;Ceiid Mhios a' Gheamhraidli, 1S73. AN GAIDHEAL. 275beag Shalm Beurla aca 'n an lamlian,a' saoilsiuu gu 'ii lu'rainu iaclsau 'aGhaitUilig a leautuiuu co matli 's geda bhitheadli leabhar Gaidhlig acajacli cba 'n uiTaiuii.Faiceaiuaid an eiseiuipleir a leaiiasbbo Laoidh \nii., G,Gecl chriouas lu.s cba 'n fhaigli e bas,Tliig 'fhas ri uiue uios'S ged sheargas craobh 's a' Oheamhradhfhiiar,Ki 'u t-Earrach r.uadh i ris.Faic a' nis a' Bbeurla,All nature dies and lives again :The How'r Ihat paints the field,The trees that crown the mountain's brow,<strong>An</strong>d boughs and blossoms yield :Yet, soon reviving, plants and iiow'rs<strong>An</strong>ew shall deck the plaiaThe woods shall hear the voice <strong>of</strong> Spring,<strong>An</strong>d flourish green again.t-Salmadair Bbeuda a bu stallacaiche3i\\na au aon achombairaichAs far as east is distant fromThe west, so far hath He, &;c.Cba 'n 'eil a' Gbaidlilig co rag a so,faic,—Mar tha an aird an Ear 's an larA' gabhail fad o cheil', &c.Nacb biasda a' Gbaidhlig ! Tba soa' tacbaii't o rian na Gaidblig' seacba' Bbeui-la,— gu 'm bbeil a' verb a'(lol air tboiseacb air an noiiiinatloeiigus tba so a'fagail ranntacbd GaidbligCO min, agus a' dol gn furasda anealpadb a cbeile mar rosg no neo-Ijbardacbd.<strong>An</strong> uair a tbeid shiagb do tbigban Tigliearna gu aoradli, bu cboiigacbcombnadb a tboirt doibh gusin a dbeananib 'nan doigb sbimplidbfein ; agus ma tha^ jyrecentor cuimseacbanu a(
';!.270 AN GA3DHEAL. c:e\ul Minus ii'(;iieanihiaidli, 187"Key D.Heating twice 1I «=fiW^sEiMAOL-RUAINIDH GHLINNEACHAIN,SÈIE^EÌ^EÈSE^1 —: :1 1 s :mI-^^^^^i^Ì^^^^Ri:-:ri It :- 111Ha, ho-ru, Alaol-Euaiiiidh Ghlinueacliain, Thug i 'chuach, &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c.Ha, ho-ro, MaolRuainiJli!Thug i 'chearc a bh' air an iri.s leatli';DV f halbh do luhàthair's thug i 'm fireach Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!oirr'.Ha, ho-ru, Maol-Ruainidh!tìh' f halbh do inhàthair 's thug i 'ra fireachoirr.(;. Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh 1Dh' fhàg i 'n gleanu 's na fèidh a' fuii-eachanil.Ha, ho-i'u,Maol-Ruainidh!Dh' f hag i 'ii gleann, &c.—Ha, ho-ru &c.Ciochan geal' a's bainne 'sileadh leo.Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh ICiochan geal', &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c.'S na ma tig ant aon la thilleas i!Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!Thug i 'm balg, &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c.Thug i 'chuach 's an robh do chuid inieleath'.Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!Thug i 'chearc, &c. —Ha, ho-r6, &c.'iS ciod e, ghaoil, a bhiodh tu sireadli orm;Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!Ciod e, ghaoil, &c.--Hà, ho-rò, &c.'S nach 'eil im, no ciath, no miii agani?Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!'8 nach 'eil im, &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c.Gheobh thu bainne na bà druimfhinnbhuainHa, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!Gheobh thu bainne, &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c.Gheobh thu ciath, a's iasg, a's sithionnbhuam;Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!Gheobh thu ciath, &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c.'S na ma tig, &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c. Gheobh thu glim, a's mùirn, a's mire bhuamThug i 'm balg ba:_ 's an robh do chuid mine Ha, ho-n'), Maol-Ruaiiiidhleatli'.Gheobh thu glim, &c. —Ha, ho-ro, &;c.Ha, ho-r('), Maol-Ruainidh!'S tiugainn learn do 'ut Shlthein urad ud,Ha, ho-rt), Maol-Ruainidh!'S tiugainn leam, &c.—Ha, ho-ro, &c.Ha, ho-ri), Maol-Ruainidh Ghlinneachain,Ha, ho-ro, Maol-Ruainidh!No'i'E.—The above song, which is said to belong to the class called " FairyMelodies," was communicated to Lieut. Campbell by Mrs. ISIacdoiiell, <strong>of</strong> KeppochHouse, a lady who, l)y her exquisite taste for Gaelic music, worthily represents thegenius <strong>of</strong> the House <strong>of</strong> Keppoch, »o long the abode <strong>of</strong> music, poetry, and heroism.This song, with music, ajipeared iu Lieut. Cami^beH's work on the Ijanguage andPoetry <strong>of</strong> the Highlands, and gave rise to a newspaper correspondence, a few years ago.The music given in the work referred to is the well-knoM'u psalm tune i'ra;;, composedby the late Rev. Mr. Havergal, and is qinte unsuitalde for Maol-Rnainidh inpoint <strong>of</strong> accent and rythm. The melody which I have given above is associated withthe words, and commonly sung in more than one district <strong>of</strong> the Highlands. I havehere to acknowledge my obligations to my friend Ahrarh, to whom I am indebted forthe complete version <strong>of</strong> the words. The occasion <strong>of</strong> the song has been diilerentlystated ; Lieut. Campbell represents it as having been sung by a good fairy, as she satrocking the cradle <strong>of</strong> a sleeping child, whose mother has deserted it on pretence <strong>of</strong>having gone " a thilleadh nan gobhar." J. VV.I
II agus!——"Dad do bhlath cho boidheach !Ceuil Mhios a' Gheamliraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 277AN EOS.Dheai'o mi uair air ros a' fasMaiseach, ur, fo dhriuchd a' Mhaigh" 'S dearbht' " thuirt mi " nach beau gubrath(!haidli mi seachad la 'n a dkeigh,Chaidh a phabadh leis a' ghaoitJiCeami ri leathad air, a' caoidh,'S beacha breun 'g a rospadh.Oigh a'b aingealaiche sniiadh,Faic 's au ros do choimeas truagh !'S ceart co deas tha d' iomadh buaidh,'Thogail fuath ri gradb dliuit ;'8 mar an nathair aun.s an tom,Thoir ceum mearachd, — 's tha Cul-ohainntDeas gu d' bhruthadh 's Mi-run lornTogaidh fonn do naire.Bard Loch-fine.TOIMHSEACHAIN.1. Theid e troimh 'n choille'S cha bbean e do phreas.2. Damh doun a' dol troimh 'n choille,'S cha 'n 'eil slat 's a' choille nach l^eand' a dhruim.3. Tha brathair aig brathair m' athair,'S cha bhrathair athar dhomhs' e.4. Chi sinne bitlieaut e ;Gha 'n fhaic an righ ach ainmig c,'S cha 'n fhaic Dia idir e.SOP AS GACH SEIP:* /sin a thachaireas ort bliadhn' an deighbliadhna'n ad' thurasaibh ann am fasachan t-saoghail, agus cha diochuimlmichearthu gu brath.Cha 'n 'eil an duine sin ionraic 'n achridhe a bhios ionraic a mhain an uair abhios ionracas chum buannachd dha.Cha 'n 'eil ionracas 'n a bhuaidh caochlaideach,ach seasmhach agus bunailteach.Tha 'n duine ionraic, ionraic eadar bhunbharr. Cha sleuchd, 's cha striochde do ni suarach, agus foill cha chleachd eri bheo.Cha 'n 'eil ni ami a tha co iongantachri leabhar, ach duine beo a mhain. Isteachdaireachd dhuinn o'n bhas e. Isaithris e a chuireadh d' ar n-ionnsuidh lemuinutir nach fhac sinn riamh, le muinntira bha beo o cheann mhilte bliadhna, agusa bha miltean de mhiltibh astair air falbh.Gidheadh tha iad sin aim's na duilleagaibhbeagasin, a' labhairt ruinn, 'g ar dusgadh,'g ar brosnuchadh, 'g ar teagasg, a' toirtmisnich agus comhfhurtachd dhuinn, agusa' fosgladh au cridheachan mar ar cairdeana's dillseCiod e saibhreas? Is saibhreas gach nia tha daoine a' solaireadh 's an t-saoghalair son am beo-shlaint agus an toilimitinnfein. Is i saothair a bheir saibhreas gubuil. Tha gliocas a' cumail saibhreis 'n acriochaibh fein trid am am bheil i' meudachadliagus a' fas cumhachadh. Tha nadaoine saiblire air an deanamh Baasdhiubh-san a fhuair cuid o mhuinntir eile,—dhiubh-san air an do thiiit beairteas gunfhios gun aire dhoibh,—agus dhiubhsana choisinn e dhoibh fein le falliis an'gruaidh. Air an doigli cheudna, tha naMillidh taninn each,daoine bochda air an deanamh suasn'8 millidh each seisireach.dhiubh-san a shealbhaich bochduinn o'N uair 'bhios am poladl dall, mhuinntir eile,—dhiubli san air an]Si 'n gille cam ministear.Nead air Nollaig,d 'thainig i gun fhios gun aire doibh,—agusdhiubh-san a thug le h-amaideachd oiraUbh air Inid,fein i. Ginidh leisg agus diomhanas'S eun air 'Ohaisg ))Ochduinn. Cha saothraich duine, cha;Mur bi sud aig an fhitheach,choisinn e a' bheag, agus tha e, uime sin,Bithidh am bas.bochd. Cha 'n 'eil leigheas ann air son nabochduinn sin a ta 'sruthadh o'n leisg,Tha caraid amaideaoh moran ni 's trioblaidichena namhaid aig am bheil gliocas.ach dichioU agus saothair. Is coir do nah-uile a bhi dichiollacli, ionraic, agusMeudaichidh eolas am peacadh, mur bi glic.an cridhe air a theagasg co maith ris a'cheami.Tha deagh nadar aig moran au uair abhios gach ni ag eirigh leo ; ach cuiridh NAIDHEACHDAN.iad cul ri sin an uair a thig aire agus Tha a choltas air au Fhraiiig, aneiginn, agus a shiubhlas iad troimh amhuinijtheintich an amhghair.dutliaicb mlii-fhortauach sin aig amSgriobh t-aiiim fein le cairdeas, gradh,Ijlieil an crun cho teth agus nachagus trocair air cridheael'^.'bh na muinutir fhada a gheobhar uachtlaiau "' a
—;27N A.N aAIDHEAL. Uhcniuhiaidli, ISIghleiaheidh air a clieann, gu bheil i'clol a gliabhail cuairt eile d' an chleasa b'al)haist a Hii againn H linn arn-oige, agus ris an abramaid, Ri(ih inaira Cludhair. Bbo 'n am 's ando cbuir iad cnl vis an Irapii-e,Napolcdii ///., a cbaochail anu anSasunu a' l)bliadhna roimhe, tha andutbaich fo 'n gbne nacbdaranachdris an abrar Co-fblaitbeaclul (Repnlvlic), mar anns ua Staitean Aonaicbte agus gu seacbd-sonruicbte bu mbath leinnan America, far an liheii aon d' an gu 'n combarraicbeadb tu a macb dbuinnt-sluagh air a tbagbadh gn l)lii 'ii a ma tha sinn a' moladh no a' caineadh acban nair a tba e air a thoilltinn. Chafliear-riagblaidh car nine sLnidbichte; acb a reir a' cbunntais a tba dream eile ; b' e a run gu 'n ainmichteadbbbuin an Gatdheal do aon dream no'tigbinn a nail an drast, tba e uile e air teagblacb mor nan Gaidbeal aunscboltacb gn 'm bi prionnsa de aon de gach cearn d' an t-saoghal. Bu math leisa bbi a' cliutbacbadh an uair a cbi no ana seann teagblaicbean riogbail, ancbluinneas e mu a luchd-dutbcba bbiCoiiqife de (hainhord, air a rogbnacbadbleis an nacbdaranacbd, co'deanamb gu ceart ; agus, air an 'laimhdbin a bliioS e taitneach do_ 'nt-sluagb no nacb bi, gn bbi 'na rigbanns an Fbraing, agus gu suidbeann an catbair dliocair a sbinnsearan.Is duilicb leinn 'innseadb gu 'ndo cbaocbail an t-Urramacb F. S.Cand/lsh, D.B., aon de db-atbraicheanna b-Eaglaise Saoire air aii19mb latba d' an mbios a chaidbseacbad. Bba e ro ainmeil marsbeanuonaiclit? aguH mar fbear-labbairtanabarracb deas agus cnmbacbd-"acb. B' ann an cuirtean na b-Eaglais,an da cbnid roimh am an Dealachaidbagus'n a dbeigb, a nocbd e gusonruicbte a bbuadban mor aguseugsambuil. Tba a bbas a' deanamlibeiirn vo mbor agus do-leigbeas anusan Eaglais Sbaoir. <strong>An</strong>n an Albainngu loir, am measg na cbaill nah-eaglaisean o cbionn gboii'id decburaidbean ainmeil agus cliuiteacb—agus cba bbeag an aireamb—chad'tbugadb air falbb aon adb'tbagtnillcadb d' a cbombarradb air adliutliaicb agus air an eaglais d' ambuitieadb (s'na an t-Uriamax'b Dr.Cand/ixh.Jacal '$ an jDcalachnbh.Barea.— Tlia an gearan a tha th\i a'deanamli a' ciir uior ioghnadh oinm. Tbathuagradh gu bheil anGAiDHEALtuilleadb's baigheil ris na Caimbexilaich—gnr gaiina tba mios anns nach 'eil sinu a' mf)ladbsiol Dbiannaid. Am bi tbu cbo mathagus 'innseadh c' uin no c' aite an loljh anGaidheal a' mohidh no a' di-mola
•whereGAELICTHE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.(wanting),.PHILOLOGY.ISrOVEjVnBEPt, 1873.!, / .115. Triuhhas SiWà trowsers. ,?)-OTES BY THE REV. ALEX, CAMERON. Triubhas (trowsers ; anc. tribtcs)(Contliiued from jy<strong>of</strong>je 21G. ) = W. trwa, and corresponds to the1 n . Fed, holla, and iculLsyllable trows- <strong>of</strong> Eng. trotcsers. Gf.Fàl (wall) = "W. gioal, <strong>of</strong> which Stokes' Glosses, p. 68.c/iimivl is an okler form, and is cognatewith Lat. Tulhnn (wall, rampart<strong>of</strong> palisades), vallus (a stake), Lut.uml^ A.S. loall, Eng. tixdl (lit. a fence.faint.Fann (faint) - W. giimih or (/wann(weak, feeble, faint), and is akin toOld Ice. vanr vania (toweaken), A.S. wana (wanting), ?ZY«?i(pale), Eng. wan. Wane is fromA.S. tvauia-n (to decrease, wane),ir(i,t.a (wanting). Want Wedgwood113. Fàisg and waist.Fàisg (squeeze, compress) = W.(j)cnsgu (to sqiieeze, press), fromAvhich, according to Wedgwood,iraist is derived. liwai
;280 THE GAEL. Noveuilier. 18(3.coriespoiids to It in the Germaniclanguages. For examples see Vol.I. p. 330.122. OnaiUe and po/c, pale,jxvwl (?).Cuallle (a pole, a .stake) may becompared with W. paw/ (stake), Lat.palus (a .stake; =^Jrt(/^?/.sJ, Gev. jifahl(pole), A.S. pol, pal, Eng. pole, pale.Paiol (a pale or stake) cori-espondsto W. pawl. (J in Gaelic, as previouslynoticed (Vol. I. p. 215.), frequentlycorresponds to p in W. andLatin.123. LulhhAiid leaf.Liii1)h (herb; in mid. Gael, hibh)is cognate with Dut. loaf, hove (theleaves <strong>of</strong> trees), Goth, lav/s, Ger.lavb, A.S. lea}\ Eng. lea/. Theoriginal signification <strong>of</strong> leaf, accordingto Bosworth and Wedgwood, isbroad, fat. For the athnity <strong>of</strong> lubhand leafcL Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 49.124. Oruii, cruitear, and crowder.Cruit (harp, violin ; aiic. crot fromcrott) = cruith = Lat. crotta. Cf. OldH. Ger. hr<strong>of</strong>ta. Eng. crowd (fiddle)and crawder (fiddler) are from W.crwth (a hollow protuberance, bellyfiddle). Welsh cròth (bulge, womb)and Gael, croit (hump) ai-e regarded byWedgwood as cognate with crulf.The
tautaNovember, 1878. THE GAEL. 281(quarrel, brawl). Cf. cat a- in theGaulish uanies Caturlges and Catuslogi.Stokes suggests that cogadh(war; anc. coccad) may be con-cata(prefix con with cata — catu).132. Dorus and door.Dorus (door) = W. drws and iscognate with (ir. thura, Lat. foois,Goth. daui\ dauro. Lit. durys, Ger.^Awr, A.S. dor, Eng. door. Bopprefers dorus and its cognates toSansk. c7«ar (door, gate).133. Ruadhr, rudhadh, and red,ruddy.liuadh {red; in old Gael. rnad =rod) — W. rhi/dd and is cognate withiSansk. rudhira (blood ; from ruh forrudh) and roldta for rodhita (red),Gr. eruthros (red), Lat. rufus (red),ruber (i"ed, ruddy; for rufer)^ andr II tikis (fiery red), Old A.S. rocZ, OldGer. ro^, Old Ice. riodr (ruddy), N.H, Gei". roth (red), A.S. rude, reod,read, red, Eng. red. Buddy is fronathe same root. Cf. Old Eng. rode(the red colour <strong>of</strong> the face, com-]>lexion) with A.S. rnda (redness),Low Dut. rood, W. r/ivdd. /rudhadh(ruddy) may be com])ared withW. rhudd.It may be noticed here that, accordingto Grimm's Law, Sansk. dhcorresponds to Gr. th, Lat. /(sometimesb and d), Old Gael. (/, OldA.S. d (therefore Eng. d). Old H.Ger. t.134. Uth and udder.Eng. udder is from A.S. uder.^which is regularly connected withA. H. D. utar, N. H. G. euter, Lat.uber, Gr. outhar, Sansk. ùdhar andudhas. There is little doubt thatGael, uth (udder) is related to Sansk.ùdk-as and Gr. outit-ar, although,according to rule, Sansk. dh and Gr.tJt should be represented by a d inGaelic. Cf, W. uwd (pap) whichhas a medial. Bopp connects Ir. uit(udder, dug), notwithstanding thetenues, with the Sansk. udhas.135. Strlopach and strumpet.Striopach (harlot ; from strloj)- andthe termination ach) is connectedwith Lat. stuprum (shame, concubinage),stupro (to defile), Old Fr.stupjre, Eug. strumpet.13f). Spu'nl-iJrPachd iWAÌkìng; alsospelt S2}aisd,"ireachd) is connectedwith' Dan. spadsere (to walk), Ger.spazieren (to walk, to go out for awalk), Lat. sjxitiare (to walk), fromspatlum (space).137. Sliseag and slice.HRseag (a shaving <strong>of</strong> wood ; inMiddle Gael, sliseog) = Eng. slice,from Ger. schleissen (to cleave, slit,split). Cf. the Old Fr. esclisier(to seperate, divide), Old Ice. slita(to tear asunder), slitr (a piece torn<strong>of</strong>i"), A.S. slitan (to tear), Eng. slit.For sliseag and slice cf Stokes'Glosses, p. 116. Sliseag is diminutive<strong>of</strong> .slig (a chip, slice). Cf. High.Soc. Diet.,1 38. Tuath (peasantry; in MiddleGael, tuata = tut J is from the root tu,(to grow, to be strong) and is cognatewith Lett. (people), Goth.thiuda (people), A.S. theod (nation,people), 11. (lex. diot (people), Deutsh(German), and deuteu (to explain,lit. to Germanize). To the sameroot belong Lat. totus (whole), Oscantovto (city), [Jmbrian tvta.^ tota (city),Armoric tiid (a nation), Gr. tails(great), Sansk. taoas (strong). Cf.Toiitio-rix (a Gaulish name forApollo). See Stokes' Ir. Glosses, \>.73, Max Miiller's Lectures, vol. ii.p. 230.139. Jiotli, botliait, and booth.Both (]>ooth, tent, cottage, hut;now more frequently buth) = W.bwth and is connected with Old Ice.budh (a hut, tent, shop), Eng. booth.Botiiau and also bothag are diminutivesfrom both.140. Nead and nest.Nead (nest; gen. nid), is cognatewith Sansk. nida (nest), Lat. rddus
with>82 THE GAEL.November, 1873.(nest) for Uisdus^ Ger. ncsf, A.S. jietifand ni/nt, Eug. nest. The W. is m/th.141. Govt or (jarf, gortan, chirt,antl yarden, yanl, court, cohort.Gort or gart (tield, garden, standingcorn ;= W. gardd) is cognatewith Gr. chorios (an enclosed field)and Lat. hortus (any place surron,ndedwith a fence, a garden).Other cognates are Goth, gards, A.S.gmrd, Ger. gart, Ital. giardino, Fr.jardln, Eng. garden. Yard (a placeenclosed) is from A.S. genrd. Coitrtis derived, throngh the French, fromthe Lat. oZiors, g^n. cjiortis, ( -cprsor cohors, gen. cohortis, a yard orpen, also a ,sheepfold), connectedwith Gr. chorios. The cohorts ordivisions <strong>of</strong> the Roman army, werecalled by that name because so manysoldiers constituted a pen oi- a court(Max Mullei-'s Lectures, vol. ii. ji.29J).Gael, gortan is diminutive <strong>of</strong>gort or gart. Chirt is from cqurt.142. Ndin and noon.Xòiìi (noon; — W. naivn) fromLat. aomi, (the ninth hour <strong>of</strong> theday), fvom. tionus for novenns (ninth;from novern). Cf. A.S. non, Dut.iiocn, Eng. noon. 'Wedgv\rood thinkspar|!(,l, ,Gi-. itca, (a willow; =t;^y^%i,ea), ^fit, vitis (vine, the branch<strong>of</strong> a vine, a young shoot, fi'òm vieo,to bind with twigs, to weave), i-ùta(liaiid), vhneu (any ])liant tAvig), Ger.wdde (willow), Eug. wlthe.^ Of. W.gwden (a withe), also Salislj. viii/ca(a tie or fastening), cc/asas (a reed/.See Stokes' Ir. Glosses, pp. 47, 156';Curtius' Gr. Etymology, p. 349';Liddell and Scott's Gi'. Dictionary.The last reg'ards ?Ve« as probablyderived from Saiisk, vc (to Aveavè),to \i-hich Bopp refers Gael, fi'ghim (Iweave) and fiiaghabn (I sew). SeeSansk. Glossary, p. 372.(To he ooiililined.,)LEGENDARY HISTORY OFTHE SCOTS.In the beginning <strong>of</strong> the sixthcentury a band oF those -Scots whooccupied Ireland, under the sons <strong>of</strong>Gaidheal, fii-st settled in the laiidwhich now beai's their name. Ou'tlieir arrival they merely seized uponthe western disti'icts <strong>of</strong> Albau, calledAri'e<strong>gaidheal</strong>, froni, say the chronicles,EEC, the father <strong>of</strong> the founder<strong>of</strong> the Scoto-Dalriadic kingdom, andGaidheal, tlie founder <strong>of</strong> theScottish race. The reason <strong>of</strong> theirsettlement in Albin is thus accountedfor:—When the Scots took possession<strong>of</strong> Ireland the territory towardsthe north Ava.s allnted t(^ Ei'C, son <strong>of</strong>that the transference <strong>of</strong> the signification<strong>of</strong> 'ìiooìi from mid-afternoon to Scota. At his death, this district,jHiidrday has taken place through an known as Dalriada, ]iassed into thealteration in the time <strong>of</strong> the canonicalservices, <strong>of</strong> which seven were ful <strong>of</strong> thetn, however, apinopriatehaiids <strong>of</strong> his sons. The moi-e power-perfoi-med in the day. From an ali the fertile lands, and the weakerearly i)eriod the nona, so called from are left to search out new homes in.its having been oi-iginally celebrated other climes. Fergus mor, one <strong>of</strong>!at the ninth hour (about three in the sons thus wronged, repeatedafternoon), was held in Italy about o-o(\s to St. Pati'ick, and reouesmid-day.his interpositi(m in his swaying143. FHth or./n'the and wifhe. brothers to divide the land equalfyFnthovfchJic (sinew) may lie com-As for his own division, he said, lieIwas willing- to hand it over to theSaint in the case he was successfulin settling the dispute'. This heeasily did ; but as too holy to enjoyany rewards obtained for Avork donein virtue <strong>of</strong> his favour with heavenlyagencies, he presents the land to his
'given'conmie:November, 1873.THE GAEL. 283friend, Bishop Olcan, <strong>of</strong> Avthernniighe.<strong>An</strong>d jnst as the patriarchs<strong>of</strong> old were wont to confer blessingsafter having eaten <strong>of</strong> the food providedfor the occasion by the personwho was to receive the blessing-, soSt. Patrick, after having receivedthe lands at the hands <strong>of</strong> Fergus,with the voice <strong>of</strong> a prophet thusaddressed him :— " Though thou artkings sliall descend, who will notonly reign in their own land, but alsoiu the land <strong>of</strong> Fortrenn." The blessing<strong>of</strong> St. Patrick kindled now hopesin liis breast. He set out with histhree brothers, Lome, <strong>An</strong>gus, andFergus, and a number <strong>of</strong> followersfor the land <strong>of</strong> Fortrenn. Theyarrived in the west <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, andoccu{)ied Argyle, the district fromthe sea to Drumalban. This theycalled Dalfiada, after the Dalriada <strong>of</strong>their home country. Fergus wascrowned king <strong>of</strong> the new kingdomon the Stone <strong>of</strong> Destiny, which hecarried v/ith him to <strong>Scotland</strong>. Ofthis event the Chi-oniole <strong>of</strong> the Pictsand Scots says: " <strong>An</strong>d be it knownthat Fergus, son <strong>of</strong> Ferchar <strong>of</strong> Ireland,descended from Scota, was thefirst who called himself King <strong>of</strong><strong>Scotland</strong>; and reigned three yearsin Inchgeall, beyond Uumbretain."The "Chronicou Eyhthmicum" statesthe fact more clearly when it mentionsthat he was the fii'st king <strong>of</strong>the Scots <strong>of</strong> Alban. The accountby the " Chronicle <strong>of</strong> theScots" adds that he was the first tobear the lion ivimpant as the roj'aldevice <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>. " <strong>An</strong>d yau ayekingis Sonne, callit Ferguse Farchai'e,tuk ane gret powere <strong>of</strong> menne andin our Scfstland, and tuke yecrounn <strong>of</strong> it and brot iu 3^e armis <strong>of</strong><strong>Scotland</strong>, ye qnihilk is a reide rampantleonn in ane scheild <strong>of</strong> gold.VersusAlbiomi in tcrria rea primus gemiineScotusIpsorum ternus rubri tiilit arma leonis,Fergusiiis fulvo Farchare nigentis inarvoGtristum tercentis terdonis prcftiitanuis.<strong>An</strong>d sen synne failzit nevir King oure<strong>Scotland</strong> to yis da}^ <strong>of</strong> richt lynnethis day disinherited and despised in doune to our Soverane Lord yat nowthe sigiit <strong>of</strong> thy brothers, tliou shalt is King, ye quihilk God kepe, na zit\in a short time be king and chief <strong>of</strong> fra Gayele our first king to ye saidthem all. From thee most renowned Ferguse, ye quihilk nowmir cummisneire to sax sc()ir <strong>of</strong> kingis, na nevirstrangeai-e rignyt on ws, na zit liaddominatioumj."The Kingdom <strong>of</strong> Dalriada wasdivided into four tribes—the CinelLorn, and the Cinel <strong>An</strong>gus ; theCinel Gabran, and the Cinel Comgall,descended from the two sons <strong>of</strong>Domangarb, son <strong>of</strong> Fergus. TheCinel Concridhe in Isla rc[)resentedFergus beg. The Cinel Lorn possessedthe district <strong>of</strong> Argyll stillcalled Lorn. They were the mostpowerful <strong>of</strong> all the clans <strong>of</strong> Dalriada.Its army consisted <strong>of</strong> 700 men.Their sea muster amountedto foui--teen benches to each twenty houses.The Cinel Lorn consisted altogether<strong>of</strong> 420 houses. It was subdividedinto various smaller clans, each chief<strong>of</strong> which had so many houses underhis command.The chief seat <strong>of</strong> the ti'ibe <strong>of</strong> Lornwas the stronghold <strong>of</strong> Dunolly, builtby Selvach, son <strong>of</strong> Fergus, on a rockiu the enti-ance to the bay <strong>of</strong> Oban.It was afterwards desti'oyed by himiu the year 701. This tribe suffereda severe defeat in a battle betweenFerachar fada and the Britons.There is also a record <strong>of</strong> a naval battlehaving been fought at Ardeanesby,between the Cinel Lorn, under Selvach,and the Cinel Gabran, imderDuncan m-bec, in which the latterwere victorious. Of the tribes in-
—28 -t THE GAEL. November, 187dividually thei'e is not much to state.Tlie Ciiiel Aii
;Xovember, 187S. THE GAEL. 285died the power <strong>of</strong> inauguratinganotlier king was vested in theperson <strong>of</strong> C(jhunba. At the Council<strong>of</strong> Drumceat, held in Ireland, heobtained the independence <strong>of</strong> theScoto-Dalriadic kingdom. Previousto this it was subject to the IrishDalriadic kingdom. So intimatelywas he connected with civil andmilitary affairs that, after his death,the Albans, when they went tobattle, were^wont to invoke his aid. Onone occasion when they were severel}'beset by the Lochlans, it is said,they used his crozier as a standard.In the same account it is mentionedthat by means <strong>of</strong> it they had <strong>of</strong>teng'ained victory in battles.Witli this brief ntjtice <strong>of</strong> St.Columlia's comiection with the Scots<strong>of</strong> Dah'iada it may be fitting toclose these rambling notices <strong>of</strong> theLegendary History <strong>of</strong> the Scots.R. Mac-an-Rothaich.(lAELIC GRAMMAR ANDORTHOGRAPHY.Sir,—The Rev. Mr. Cameron'srejoinder to my letter <strong>of</strong> the 19 thAugust is an amusing production.He evidently feels very sore athaving his statements called inquestion. One would have thoughtthat a person who so frequentlyacts as the censor <strong>of</strong> otherswould exhibit the utmost coolnessand composiU"e himself when reminded<strong>of</strong> his fallibility. Instead<strong>of</strong> this, however, no sooner is theslightest drop <strong>of</strong> the acid <strong>of</strong> ciiticismallowed to fall upon his own backthan he instantly squirms up like atortured worm; takes to personalitiesand petty recriminations ; and drawinghimself up in tha full consciousness<strong>of</strong> unapproachable superiority,affects to treat my strictui-es withl<strong>of</strong>ty con tempt and very clumsy ironyhe returns, and for want <strong>of</strong> a moreeffective weapon demolishes hispigmy opponent with a mark <strong>of</strong>exclamation.Mr. Cameron, at the very outset,seeks to open an old sore which hehimself, he takes care to tell us," very gently " closed up at a formertime. It appears, however, that henow regrets his extreme tendernesson that occasion, for he discloses adiscovery that he has made, namely,that I had not very accurately copiedfrom the M'Nicol MSS. for Leahharna Feinne, the ballad, " Oisean agusan Cleireach," which he also it seemscopied from the same MSS. andpiiblished with notes in the Gakl.All this, Mr. Editor, is irrelevant tothe point at issue, and is useful formy purpose only to show that''going out <strong>of</strong> the way " is not apeculiarity <strong>of</strong> which I alone deserveto be accused.Your correspondent in maintainingthat " a' bualadh caismeachd thiamhaidhthruaigh an eig " is perfectlycoxTect, is surprised that he shouldbe charged with falling into thesame error as Calum Ciobair. Hesays that Calum Ciobair erred innot using the genitive after theinfinitive [the verbal noun], whilehe, Mr, Cameron, did employ thegenitive. Their mistake consistedin the improper application <strong>of</strong> therule. His assertion that " caismeachd" is in the genitive governedby the infinitive, is contradictedby the two siicceeding adjectives" thiamhaidh " and " thruaigh," Itis scarcely necessary to mention whatevery tyro in Gaelic grammar knoAvs,—that the qualitative adjectivefollowing its noun, not predicating<strong>of</strong> it, agrees with such noun ingender and case. Mr. Cameroncites an array <strong>of</strong> texts in support <strong>of</strong>his cause, appealing to the " almostthen rushing to the printer's font invariable usage <strong>of</strong> the translators <strong>of</strong>
'1"^^—2.SG THE GAEL. Xovemher, 1873the GiiL-lic Scriptures." notwitlistandingtliut he hiuiself, in a lecturereported in the Gael, A''o1. I. p. 218,says that "the Gaelic Scripturesmust be purged <strong>of</strong> the errors andanomalies which escaped the notice<strong>of</strong> the trauslatoi'S, and also <strong>of</strong> therevisers <strong>of</strong> 1820." I should saythat what is strictly idiomatic, and,to say the least <strong>of</strong> it, nut nnymmviatical,is to be preferred to thatwhich is neither idiomatic nor grammatical,though sanctioned by thetdmost invariable usage <strong>of</strong> certainpeople whose work abounds in errorsand auouuilies.Mr. Cameron's better natm^e seemsto be asserting itself toward the end<strong>of</strong> his letter; the jilayful banter <strong>of</strong>liis closing paragraph is quite refreshing.In his remarks about Bèinn-Nibheis, however, he seems to forcjetthat { is a primitive vowel ; and also,that we have, incontrovertible evidencethat the attenuation to whichhe refers is at least five score yearsold Beinn-Nibheis it was then,Bèinn-Bibheis it is now, and Beinn-Nibheis it is likely to continue to be._-I am, àc, D. C. M.Edinburgh, 22d October, 1873.OSSIAN AND THE CLYDE.We ha^'e much pleasure in directingthe attention <strong>of</strong> onr readers tothe prospcictus <strong>of</strong> a new v.'ork on theiibuve subject by the Rev. Dr. P.Hately Waddell. The subject isiu itself one <strong>of</strong> intrinsic and outstandingimportance to all Highlanders,and from the great learning <strong>of</strong> theauthor, as well as his indefatigabilityin the collection <strong>of</strong> evidence to provethe authenticity <strong>of</strong> Ossian's poems,ticity and truth <strong>of</strong> the poems inquestion. His work will be arrangedunder the following headsI. Geological and Geographicalevidence.II. Geographical and Traditional.HI. Historical and Geographical.IV. Critical and Statistical.V. A large AppendLx <strong>of</strong> variedcontents.NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.London.—The Gaelic Society <strong>of</strong> Loudonis ill a very prosperous condition. <strong>An</strong>interesting paper was recently read byMr. Donald Kennedy, the Librarian, hissubject being 'The origin <strong>of</strong> clan names."'Gkeenock.—The opening lecture <strong>of</strong> thecourse under the auspices <strong>of</strong> the GaelicSociety was delivered by the Rev. Dr.Masson, <strong>of</strong> Edinburgh, his subject being"The Gael in the Ear West." Thelecture was throughout most interesting.We ^egret that our limited space preventsour availing ourselves <strong>of</strong> some extractsfrom it at present. We may do so at afuture time. "Inverness.—Mr. W. Mackay, latesecretary <strong>of</strong> the Gaelic Society here, hasbeen entertained to a complimentarysupper, and presented with a gold watchand chain, on the occasion <strong>of</strong> his leavingfor Edinburgh. Mr. Wm. Mackenzie hasbeen appointed his successor as secretaryto the Gaelic Society. The syllabus forthe coming session has been arrange.l,and comprises a varietj' <strong>of</strong> talent whichgives promise <strong>of</strong> a very successful session.—Arrangements are being made for theestablishment <strong>of</strong> a free library, and fundsare being raised for the purpose.Fort-William and Tyndrum.—Acorrespondent writes as follows :—For thehist two or three days parties have beenengaged in making a preliminary survey<strong>of</strong> tiie route from Tyndruni, through(dencoe, to Fort- William, with the view<strong>of</strong> constructing a railway to join the Obauand Callander line at Tyiulrum. Thiswould certainly be a better route than toKingussie, as it is much more direct towe anticipate a volume <strong>of</strong> no com Endinburgh and Glasgow. The proposed!Dr. Waddell has anwill, it is said, be <strong>of</strong> a narrower guagemon interest,than that in ordinary use, but some doubtamount <strong>of</strong> cumulative evidencemay be entertained <strong>of</strong> the correctness <strong>of</strong>which he states will prove to a this statement. It would certainly addmathematical certainty the anthen-much to the expense <strong>of</strong> working it, as it
,works,;library.'-'——ANovember, 1S73.THE GAEL. 287which it can obtain from no otherThe gathering was not as largelit will be on the next occasion, but was, sufficiently so to encourage the membersin continuing the organisation. The pro-the same gramme embraced a medley, purelynational in character, as followscould not be workeda3 other lines.with plantThe principal engineeringdifficulties will be connected with Lochlevenselection <strong>of</strong> Highland music on the jjag-and G-lencoe^ but a narrower part pipes, l)y Joseijh Cant ; address <strong>of</strong> Mr.<strong>of</strong> the Loch above the mouth olihomhnull Mac Dhomhnuill Dhuibh,Gèànn-cinne Chlainu-Chamaroin, TriathLochial Agus Lochabar.Tlia sinne, comlilan do Ghaeil ann anBhictoria, Australia, deonach a thaisboineadhar speis do 'u og-shar uasal a choisinnTa'igh Mhic Dhomimuill Duibh, a' tairgsinndha leis an teisteas so, ar deadhthoilagus nior-spùis. —'" Leansa cliu na dh'aom a chaoidh ;Mar d' aithreachan In-sa fèin;'<strong>An</strong> duanaldi nam l>;ird tha 'n cliu."[English.]ToDonald Cameron, M.P.,Chief <strong>of</strong> the illustrious house <strong>of</strong> Lochiel.We, an assem)>ly <strong>of</strong> Highlanders inVictoria, Australia, being desirous <strong>of</strong>testifying our admia-ation and regard forthe renowned name <strong>of</strong> Lochiel, hereby<strong>of</strong>fer to its present representative thefollowing testimonial :"Ever follow their fame who have gone :Be thou as thy fathers were.:In the lays <strong>of</strong> bards is tlieir renown."J. H. Mauvkan, Chairnian.Jas. D. Raskin, )JointA. Cajikkon,- Secretaries.\Chicauo.—The Highland Association<strong>of</strong> Chicago held its first semi-annualgathering on the 22d August last. TheSociety is mainly composed <strong>of</strong> ladies dndgentlemen wlio have retained the Gaeliclanguage, and is at once social and literaryin its character. Its ultimate object is tosecure for its members à library <strong>of</strong> Gaelicpart, coutiiiniiy, Ijosides, the sword dance,and concluding with " Auld Lang Syne."The evening Avas one <strong>of</strong> real enjoymentthe members. It is interesting andgratifying that our countrymen across theAtlantic retain so much <strong>of</strong> their nationalcharacter.Glenaladalk.—On the occasion <strong>of</strong> herMajesty's visit to Glenfinan, Mr. Macdonald<strong>of</strong> Gleualadale had the honour <strong>of</strong>showing her Majesty several very valuablerelics <strong>of</strong> Prince Charlie. Among thesewere a silver snuff-box with two compartments,which v/as presented to Mr.Maedonald's great-grandfather by PrinceCharlie at Borrodale, just before thePrince quitted this country for ever. Onone side is the inscription, ' ' Testimoniumgrati animi." On the other aide there hasbeen engraved an inscription which waawritten by "Sir Walter Scott, to whomthe box was at one time shown— "Presentedby Prince Charles Edward Stewartto <strong>An</strong>gus Macdonald, at Borrodale, whosero<strong>of</strong> attbrded him shelter on two memoral)leoceasicms, the iirst and tlie last nightsAvliich he spent in <strong>Scotland</strong>, 17-10." Therealso shown to her Majesty a beautiful'\\'asgold watch which belonged tolittlePrince Charlie, with a miniature <strong>of</strong> hiadaughter in enamel set in diamonds inthe Erenòh style, and a gold ring containinga portion <strong>of</strong> his bright flaxen hair,which, it is said, was cut <strong>of</strong>f at Kingstjurgh,in Skye. The %vatch, it may beremarked, was given by Prince Charliewhen he was in Rome to Lord Nairn,one <strong>of</strong> the Jacobite fugitives, and wasby him transmitted to the ]Macdonaldfamily a few years ago. It may he statedthat Air. Macdonald has in his possessionan autogi-aph letter <strong>of</strong> Prince Charlie'swhich, however, was not at hand to showtoher INlajesty on the occasion <strong>of</strong> hervisit to Gleniinnan. When Charlie sethis foot on the Moidart shore, he desl^atchedletters to his adhei'ents in allparts <strong>of</strong> the country, calling upon themto meet him at the tiysting-place in deep
—288 THE GAEL. November, 1S7 3.Glenfiuuan. or else asking them to bereadj- to join him when he marched outhis retreat among the hills. One <strong>of</strong><strong>of</strong>these was to a Mr. Peter Smith, wholived in Aberdeenshire, and who was aconnnection <strong>of</strong> the Gordons <strong>of</strong> Baldornieand Wardhouse; and the letter, whichwritten in a clear, Iwld hand, runsthis:— " Kinloch, August ye 14th, 1745.Being come into this country with thetirm resolution to assert the King myfather's right, I think it proper to informyou <strong>of</strong> it, having always heard such anaccount <strong>of</strong> your loyalty and principlesthat I think I have just reason to dependon them. I intend to set up the King'sstandard at Glenfinnan on Monday, yeIPth instant. Since the time is so short,I cannot expect your presence; but Ihope you will not fail to join me as soonas possible. You need not (loubt <strong>of</strong> mylieing ahvays ready to acknowledge soimportant a service, and give you pro<strong>of</strong>s<strong>of</strong> my sincere friendship. Charles P. R."The letter has been sealed with the Royalseal, and on the back was written, ' ' ForMr. Peter Smith." Mr. Macdonal alsohas in his possession a two drone bagpipe,the drones being made <strong>of</strong> ligimm vittT?,and mounted with ivory, which wasplayed on the occasion"When in deep Gleiifinnaii's viilley, tliousandson tlieir bended knees,Saw oune more the stately ensign waving in thenorthern breeze."and which also was played on the fatalfield <strong>of</strong> Culloden, when, according toAytoun, the antiquated system <strong>of</strong> clanshipexpired in a blaze <strong>of</strong> glory.HIGHLAND PEAT FUEL.A prospectus has been published<strong>of</strong> the Highland Peat Fuel CompanyLimited, capital £100,000, in sliaies<strong>of</strong> £10 each. The meetings whichwere held at Inverness in July, whenthe subject <strong>of</strong> peat fuel was discussed,dii'ected attention to the capabilities<strong>of</strong> South Morar for maimfacturing-]>eat into condensed fuel by means<strong>of</strong> Clayton's patent masticatingmachine,or any other better processthat may be discovered. Clayton's))atent is undoubtedly the best atpresent. Various plans for 'artificiali)eat-dryÌDg- now, how^ever, arepatented. As the proprietor <strong>of</strong>Morar could not command the capitalfor utilising such an extent <strong>of</strong>peat as there is is on the e.state, hehas come to terms with the HighlandPeat Fuel Company, in order that thisnew industry might be introducedinto the Highlands, and that employmentwould thereby be afforded tothe labouring population. The Companybuys the Estate <strong>of</strong> Morar, andwhile it goes on ^vurking the peat, itis in fact improving its own property.Of course the operations <strong>of</strong> the Companj^are not to be confined to oneplace. It is expected that they willsoon extend their works to otliei'suitable localities in the North.By the process <strong>of</strong> manufactureadopted an admirable fuel is made,which can be sold nmch cheajier thancoal, and serve every purpose forwhich coal is used, and even betterfor many purposes. The specimens<strong>of</strong> condensed Morar peat made byClayton's process are I'emarkablyfine and solid, and, considering theyare only three weeks old and havebeen lying in a box, they are wondei--fully hard. *It iS a commoii ideatliat the fuel is made by compi\, >ion.Now, the fact is, the peat is convertedinto a pulp by. mastication and, thethorough cutting-up <strong>of</strong> the fibres,which contain air and w^ater, andthereby the elements are libei-ated. JThe peat pulp is then placed under .1sheds to dry, and by its own density ^solidifies, and when dry makes aeally excellent fuel. — InvernessCoui'ier.^0 OIorrcBpcnbcnts.We regret that Fkaoch'b article onCdtic Top<strong>of</strong>jraphy is crowded out tillnext month.A Correspondent in London would beobliged if any <strong>of</strong> the readers <strong>of</strong> the Gaelcould furnish him with a copy <strong>of</strong> thecomplete words <strong>of</strong> Croclh Challeiv,
IChaII. Leabh.] DAEA MIOS A' GHEAMHEAIDH, 1873. [22 Air.DONNCHA CAIMBECJL.V,Blia laitheaii agiis solasan ar n-oigea' dol seachad le 'cheile ; ach bhacui-aman agus solasan eile a' feitheamhoirim. Mar dh' fhas sinn annan neart agiis ann am bliadhnaibh,chuibhticli sinn a' blmachailieaclid,gu bill a' galjbail ar pairt feiii annan saothrachadli an fhearainn, annsam biodli Mairi gu trie 'g ar cuideachadh.Blia i fein agus Donncha'n an comliaoisean—blia esan ard,eireachdail, agus aoidheil; agus mabha aon nighean eile anns an sgireaohda bu bhoidhche na Mairi, chab' i sin barail Dhonnchai no mobharail fein. Bu trie leinn a bhi a'coimeas gach inaighdinn a b' aithnedhuinn ri 'cheile, a thaobh an eireachdaisagus am buadhan, aeli b'fhada uaiun a ghabhadh e an te ab' fheaiT dhiu a choimeas idir riMairi. Bha i tirinueach, simplidh,neo-chiontaeh ; agus na 'm b' ainneamhiad a bu mhaisieh, bu l*oainneamh iad a bha cho math aguscbotaitneach, ionmholta 'n an cliu agus'n an giulan ; ach mar bha i a' fasann an laithean, chite gu 'n robh imar an ceudna a' fas ni bu toighicheair ciiideachd Dhonnchai; agus mu'n robh i thar naoi bliadhna deug adh-aois, thuit i ann an gaol a thugathari-achadh aithnichte air a giulan,air a spiorad, agus air a slainte.Air uairibh, bhiodh i cho sunndachmhireagach ri piseig, a' seinn, a'dannsa, agus a' gaireachdaich leaotromas deothasach, neo-mheasari-a.Air uairibh eile, bhiodh i tosdaeli,ti'om-inntinneach, le eianalas marbhauta'na gnuis, leis an robh boicheada h-iomhaigh air a meudachadh.bu ghaol gun chomain e ; achchum Donncha 'fhaireachduinnean'n a uchd fein, ged a bha iad gUsoilleir air an taisbeanadh anns ant-suairceas chaomhail, chomhfhulangacha bha. e a' nochdadh gu buriailteachd' a taobh. Bha Maii-i marsud air a luasgadh le eagal, agus ledochas, aig an robh a leithid debhuaidh air a h-aigiiidhean agus aira giulan 's nach bu chomasach dhian eucail ioma-ghneitheach a bha a'reubadh a cridhe simplidh, saor,neo-chealgach, a chumail folaichte.Air do chuisean a bhi a' seasamhanns an t-suidheachadh ud, thainigtuiteamas'n ar caranih, leis an robhar sonas air a ghi'ad luasgadh, agusthainig a nis an t-am anns am b'eigitin gu 'm biodh bristeadh air adheanamh air coraunn cho ehaoimhneil,choghaolach,agus cho chaidreach's a bha riamh a chomhnuidh fo 'naon fhardoich.Mu 'n am ud cha robh na caoirichmhora leis am bheil a' Ghaidhealtachda nis a' cur tharris, ri 'm faotainnach ro thearc an tuath no aniar air Druim-Alba, agus mar sin,bha a' Ghaidhealtachd ann an tomhasmor an eiseimeil na Galldachdairson cloimhe gu bhi a'deanamhaodaieh d' a luchd-aiteachaidh. Fadmios no 'dlia de gach samhradh,bhiodh sgaothan de " mhnathancloimhe" tuathach, mar theirte riu,a' siubhal air feadh n' an gabhalaicheanchaorach 's an taobh-deas, a'malairt sheudan saor, agus faoinrudan,ann an suaij) airson cloimhe;agus b' ainmig oidhehe air nachbiodh aon no 'dha dhiu aii-chairtealanann an tigh m' athar: Is ann odhithis dhiu sud a fhuair Donneha19
290 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios :i' Gheamhiaidh, 187oa mach co e, agus ciod a bha e ;gur|h-e a bli' ànn, aon iiiliac agus oiglireTigbearna Ghliuneilich, agus gu 'nrobh. suiiu mbor air a tairgse doBeach air bith leis am faighte 'mache. Bha deagh fhortan Dhouuchaigun teagamh, 'n a thoileachas-iniitinndo m' pharaiitaii, ach bha e rochruaidli leotha dealachadh ris ; oirbha e cho uigheil aca ri aoii d' aucloiiin fein; agus tha mi 'creidsiun,o 'n cheud hitha 'chunnaic iad e, gusan latha air an d' thaiuig na mnathan-cloimheud 'n a rathad, nach dosmuaintich iad gu 'n deahiicheadhiad ris. Air mo shon fein dheth, 'a ea h' fiiearr learn nach robh namnathaii ud riamh air am breth ;oira cridhe aithnichte do neach lb 'nghrein agus bha i 'n duil gu 'nrobh a gaol do Dhoimcha fhathasd'u a dhiomhaireachd do na h-uileneach.Mar theaghlach, luidh dubhachastiamhaidh air ar caidreamh o'n amud; gheibhte sinn latha an deighlatha a' suidhe agus ag eirigh o 'nbhord gun dad de chonaltradli saorDhonnchai"—ars' ise, le guth bj-isleach,agus i 'sileadh dhcur— " ADhonnchai, dh' fhairtlich orm riamhthuige so 'fheoraich dhiot, ach thaiui 'n dochas nach c do run ar ivcìi^sinngu buileach?"Phut Donnchaa thrinuseii- uaithe gu meadhon a'bhuird — ghlac e leabhar a bha lamhris air bonn ua h-uiimeige, agusthoisich e ri tionndadh nan duilleagan.Dh' fhag IMairi an seomar.Cha do fhreagair Donncha, agus chadubhairt mo mhathair smid tuilleadhris aig an am ud ; agus mar sin sgaoilar comunn beag ann an tosdachd mar'b' abhaist.<strong>An</strong> uair a chruinnich sinn a rithist's an f heasgar, bha siun cho tosdach's bu ghuath leinn. Thoisich momhathah- air seanachas mu chaochladhde nithibh, ach bha e soilleiinachrobh a bheag de cheangal aiga smuaintean ris na briathran a bhabha dealachadh ri m' dheagh chompanach'n a sgaineadh cridhe dhomh. m' athair, " cha 'n fhada gus an leigair a bilean. " A Dhonnchai," arsaAch cha robh ar faireachduinnean thu sinne as do chuimhne ; ach thauile ach mar neoin an coimeas ri cuid dhinne nach diochuimhnich thusafaireacliduinnean mo pheathar, Mairi. ri 'luathas." Ghrad dh' eirich MairiO 'n latha a dh' fhalbh na miiathancloimhe,cha 'n fhacas tiamh-ghaire t-seomar; cha do labhradh focalagus chaidh i 'rithist a mach as anair a gnuis ; cha d' rinn i teugmhail tuilleadh re an fheasgair, gus an doghairmeadh an teaghlaich a dh-ionnsuidhan aoraidh. Bha earrann deurnuigh m' athar air an oidhche naair am bheil fathasd deagh chuimhneagam, focal air fhocal. Faodaidh ia bhi neo-thoirteil ann am beachdmo luchd-leughaidh, ach rinn i drughadhdomhain oirnue, agus cha d' fhagi suil thioram am measg an teaghlaichuile. Bha an earrann ud mar aleanas. " A Dhe, is trend beag,neo-fhiughail sinne a tha an so air argluinean ann ad lathair, ach beag marno suilbhir ri each a cheile. ,Aonlatha aig am dinnearach, bhriat m'athair a stigh air an tosdachd neoaoidheilud, agus thuirt e ri Doniicha,tha sinn, is e is docha nach lub siiin" gu 'n robh e an dochas nach uile ar gluinean le 'cheile 'n adI'obh e 'cur roimhe ar fagail an cabhaig."lathair ui 's mo aims a' bheatha so." Tha mi an duil," arsa Donn-Bha sinn fada le 'cheile ann an sithcha," falbh am maireach." Tlinit an agus ann an suainihneas, agus ansgian a laiuih mo mhathar ; shcall i dochas gu 'm faodamaid a bhi mardireach'n a aodanii car mionaid. " Asin moran ui 'b' fhaide ; ach o 'n is ido tlioilse gu 'n deaJaich sinn, cuidichleinn striochdadh dhi gu buuailteach;agus ged sgapar leat sinnri ceithir ghaothaibh neimh, biodhdo ahairdcin uilc-chumhachdach mu
airBuDara Mios a' Glieamhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 291'rtimchioll airson maith, agus cleouaichgu'n coinnich sinn uile fadheoidhaun an saoghal is feavr."Air an atli mhaduinu, dh' eiricliDonncha gu uiocli, cliuir e uinie andeise a b' f liearr a bli' aige, aguspliaisg e suas caocLladli de rudanbeaga a bliuineadh dha. Blia miseair mo cliur tliuige gu goirt, 'n amluidhe 's an leabaidli agus a' leigeilorm a bhi 'n am throm cliadal 'ISTuair a bha Donnclia ullamh chuiv e'ultacb. fo'achlais, tliaiuig e gutaobli na leapa a dli-eisdeachd anrobh mise 'u am dhusgadh. Slieas ecar greis a' sealtuinn an drasd 's a•rithist an dorus, agus chunnaicmi e uah" no 'dha a' suathadh a sliul.Mu dheireadh, chaislich e mi gucaomhail, a' feoraich an robh mi 'nam dhusgadh. Fkreagair mi e margu 'm bithinn 'n am leth chodal." Mo shoraidh leat," ars' esan, aguse a' sireadh mo hiimhe anns andorcha. " Nach feith thu vi d'bliraiceas leinn," thuirt mi ris." Tha mi 'saoilsinu," arsa Donncha," gu 'r h-e is fearr dhomh sèapadh airfalbh, oir sgainidh e mo chridhe, moshoraidh fhagail aig do pharantanagus aig"— " Agits co aige, a Dhonnchai?"arsa mise. "Agus agadcoiialtradh mu na laithean a dh'fhalbh, gle dhruidhteach. 'N uair athug m' athair buidheachas, bha liesagainn ciod a bha gu tighinn, agusthaisich sinn airsealltuinnan aodannaibha cheile. Dh' eirich Donncha,agus air dhuinii a luchdachadh le arguidheachan cairdeil agus le arar beannachdan, phog e m' athairagus mi fein. Thionndaidh e mu 'ncuairt; chite gu soilleir 'n a shuil,gu 'n robh e ag ionndrainn cuid-eiginnach robh 's an lathair ach bha acliridhe cho Ian 's nach b' urrainn ediog a radh. " C àite am bheilMairil" arsa m' athau.-. Bha Mairiair chall. Rannsaich sinn gach cnilk's cuilidh 's au tigh, anus a' gharadh,agus an tighean n' an coiteirean, ach'cha d' fhuaradh i. Mairi bhochctthreigte, leointe, aonarach ! Dh'fholuich si i fein fo sheann chraoibhiubhair a bha dluth do 'n tigh, faram faiceadh i cuspair a ceud ghaoil,agus annsachd a sul a' toirt cul achinn rithe, gun i bhi air a faicinn a'taomadh a mach tuiltean maoimeacha cridhe an deigh Dhonnchai.Mairi bhochd ! trie a chuala migu soilleir osna throm a cleibh, agusa chunnaic mi asuilean dearg le cauineadh;agus bu leoir e gu cridheadamarnt a leaghadh, am liamh ghairefann leis am biodha li-aghaidh throm,mharbhanta a' lasadli suas, 'n uair achluinneadh i aon air bith a' labhairtgu speiseil mu Dlionncha.Air feasgar an t-seathamh lathaan deigh do Dhonncha tigh m' atharfhagail, rainige tig-h-mor Ghliuneilich,a tha 'n a sheasamh air srath beag,boidhtach, coil Iteach ami an sealladhan lar-chuain agus Iniise-Gall. Bhafein," ars' esau. " Cha 'n e sin is gach craobh, a's creag agus frithrathadfhathasd gu soilleir 'n afearr, aDhonnchai," arsamise ; "gabhaidhsin.i idle ar braiceas le cheile, chuimhne; agus cha 'n urraiunearail-son na h-uair mu dheireadh, agus faireachduinnean blath cridhe Dhonnchai,mar a bha e 'tighinn dluthan sin, gabhaidh sinn ar cead dechach a cheile." He na h-uiue a air tigh 'athar, a thuigsinn, ach ashiiidh sinn aig a' bhord, bha ar mhaiu le cridheachan rud-eigiu coionannri a chridhe fein. Dh' fhoghluime o dhuiiie a choinnich lis airan rathad, ach do nach d' riun se efein aithnichte, gu 'n robh 'athairfhathasd beo; ach nach d' fhuair eriamh an uachdar air call a mhic,airson an robh e ri sior chaoidh gachlatha ;gu 'n robh a bhean agus anighean straiceil, cruaidh-chridheachris, neo-shuimeil mu 'thoil, agus a' - •/deanamh laithean a sbean aois
I obh—;— ——292 AN GAIDHEAL. Daia Mios a' Glieamhraidh, 187S.anabarracli mi-shoua dlia ;gu 'n cVfhogair iad an t-seann tuatli agus nacoiteireau as an oighreachd, agus gu 'nan aiteachan air an lionadh lejairdean cuiuanta, gi-aisgeil, ladarnana bain-tigliearna, o nacL. robh e a'taotainn ach ro blieag de mhal, deurram, no de uiuhlacbd.MUILEACn.(Jii leantuiiiii.)D U A N C A L L A I N N E.Le Eobhan Mac-Lachainx.FoNN.— " Beinn Dòrain."0, seinnibh an ealaidhRonih 'n cabbagach sraonadh ;<strong>An</strong> ealaidh bheag ghrad-bhriathrach,Aigeannach, aotrom.Hùganaicb chaitbreamach,Inntinneach, aithghe^rr,A thogadh ar n-aigneRho ghart-ghreauii an Fhaoillich.ChoUainu aeo, Cballainn sin,Fheara mo ghaoil-sa !Buailibh am ballaLe deannal nan gairdean !Siir bhuillean sreallanta,Troma nan gallan,Bheir diosgan a's fathrumAir darach nan taobban,Gu neartmhor a' slachdraichRi clachan an aolaich.Mhuinntir tha 's teach,Do an cleachadh l)hi caomhail.Mo dhùrachd do 'r n-aitimAir faidead ur saoghailAoibhneas a's aiteas,Gun eigiiin, gun airce,'S gach ni mar is taitniche,'S ait learn bhi saor dhuibh.Deadh bhean-an-tighe,'S a couipauach ilathail,URLAK.Gu ma fad bhios iad maireann'S i 'n nochd an oidhch' is M^adhoir Gu mathaa a'sgaoileadh ;A dh' ùrdaicheadh ;Sonas a's aiteasDiolaidh sinn na duaiuBhi leauailt ri 'm macaibh ;Mar is coir dliuinn.Am Freasdal mar neart dhaibh,Tha bliadhn' ag imeachd bhuainn, Bho ghlacaibh gach baoghail.Bliadlm' tigh'n òirnn a nuadh,'G inntreachadh le cuartachadhURLAi;.Ma is math leibh miso leanailtOrdamail.Air an ealaidh seo mar thoisich,'S i 'n nochd an oidlicli' is dual duinu Gu 'n innis mi gu grad-bhriathrach,Bhi ròiceil ;Cho athghoirid 's bu choir dhomh,<strong>An</strong> f heisd ga cur a suas'S 'n nochd an oidhch' is aighirichAir na bòrdaibh ;iA shoillsich reul a athar oirnn,A' ghloin' a' dol niu 'n cuairt,'S i oidhche Choinnle, Challainn,'S fallain an stuth fuar,Teachd na h-ath-bhliadhn'Rati an Taoibh-Tuatli—As a h-òige.[dhuinnMac-an Tòisicli e.Mar dh' innseas an luchd - eachdraidhCridbealas gun ghniaim<strong>An</strong> cleachdadh bha bho thòsAig ar n-òg-fhearaibh ;Bannal thogadh fuaimAir na h-òrana,Aig a' mhuinntir a chaidh seacbad,Mu an Challainn a bhi ròiceil ;Gach righeachd anns a' chi-uiuneFidheal ga cnr suas'N d' rinn an cinnedaonda tuineachadh,Inneal-ciùil nam buadh,'S sulasach gach muirichinn'Sheinneadh na puirt laatbaGa 'm f uran thun nam bòrdaibh.Bu cheòlmboire.'N uair theid sinn thun ar coimhearsnaich,Guidbim dbuilib 's gacb uair,G' a choimhead mar bu doigh leinn,Ailleas, tlachd, a's )niai
—————Dara ilios a' Gheaniliraidh, AN GAIDHEAL. 293Eireachdail, fearachail,Leanailt ri 'r clàthchas,—Fiùgliantacli, faràsda,Fialaidh gu sgapadh,Biodh annlaun gu taiceilAir ceapairean dùmhail ;Riaraichear Raiti,Stutli miaghail na bracha ;Biodh breisleach a dheataich<strong>An</strong> claigeann gach cidrteir ;Innsidh mi sgeulavCha bhreugau gun ghrunnd eDeanaibh rium èisdeachd,Tha reusan ga 'ghiulan.A mhuinntir na feile,Gun clieasad, gun eiginn,A dhiolas a' bhannagDo 'n fhear thig g' a h-ionnsaidh,A chumas le àbhachdOidhch' àidh na bliadhn'-ùire,Bidh cridhealas càirdeil,A's fallaineachd nàdair,A's piseach gu bràth,Air an àlach gun chunntas.Lioumhor mar rainich,<strong>An</strong> stoc air gach baile^Sliochd buau mar an darachBhios fallain le 'rùsg ;Sonas a's mathas,Na 'n cùmhail 'a gach rathad ;'S biodh diiilean an athairAg gabhail dhiubh cimntais.AN CRUN-LUATH.Le foighidinn bhig fhathastBheir mi naidheachd dhut bho 'nchrùnluath,Gu h-aithghearra mu "n aitim sinA chleachd a bhi cho gnùtha,Leis 'm bu mhiann gu 'n spadadh iad<strong>An</strong> eanchainn as do chlaigeann,Na gu 'n riaraicheadh iad dad ortDe 'n phailteas tha 's na cùiltean,Ged bhiodh gob geur an acraisAm farsuinneachd do ghruthaiii,'S do mhionach beag ga 'chagnadhLe bhi d' thrasgadh fad a dh-iiiue.A mhuinntir sin, cha 'n aithne dhuibhNa bhuineas do l)hi oeanalta,Gun eireachdas gun aithneAch ant shabaid a's don-ionnsaidh.Cha chluimieadh tu dol seachad orr'Ach toirm na cige-chaige,Brisdeadh chuigeal mu na claigneanAgus cnapadaieh nan riidan.'N uair thriallas iad bho 'n bhaileCha bhi breamas anns gach dùthaich,Nach sin orra ga'm far-fhuadachThar thalamh 'tha dhiubh diùmbach ;Bidh driodfhortan na dunaeh orr'A' h-uile taobh a chuirear iad.<strong>An</strong> glumagan 's an rumaicheanGu 'u tumar iad gu 'n siiilean.Na logaidean 's na bodaichBhios ag cogadh ris a' mhuinntir,Gach tràchran agus glaistigA ni tatraich anns an oidhche,Bidh iorraghiullaich, a's famhairean,A's uamh-bheistean, ag comhartaich,Gach ùraisg agus omharlairA's amharra ni raoiceil.Thig siod orra gu ladarnaGa 'n slaodadh as na lapaichean,Gu 'n eaglachadh gu bagarrachLe slaehdraich a bhios oillteil.A nise blio 'n a dh' aithris miNa rannan mar b' eèd domh,Air m' fhallainn gur h-e 'n ceaual dhutMo Ijhannag chur air dùigh dhomh ;Gu 'n bhuannaichd mi gu deimhinn ort<strong>An</strong> tuarasdal a ghealladh leatGloin fhuar de stuth na uiearaichinnA baraille na Tòiseachd.IAIN AN FHAMHAIR.Ri linn Righ Artair nam buadhbha tuathanach coir an Cinntire anSasonn, an siorramachd Chornwall,aig nacli roLh acli aon-mhac, agus 'se Iain a b' ainm dha. Bha Iain nabhalchan ro f hearaih B' e 'thoilinntinna bhi 'g eisdeachd 's a' lèughiulhsgialachdan air buidsichean, 'sair draoidhean, 's air famhairean,agus air sithichean ; agus cha 'niai-radh e de shòlas ach a bhi cumailcluaise ri 'athair ag aithris mueuchdau nan cuiridhnean calmaRidirean a' Bhuird-Chruinn aig RighArtair.<strong>An</strong> uair a chuirteadh Iain do 'nfhireaoh a bhuachaiJIeachd nam bo's nan caorach, bhitheadh e, a chumail'fhadail dheth fhein, a' tarrainnbblàr a's seisdidh dhaingneach, agusa' dealbhadh na "Inntinn inar a chiosiiaicheadli's mar a ghabhadh e fàthair nàmhaid. Cleasachd cloinne;bige cha b' fhiii leis ; agus b' ainmice a fhuair a' chuid a b' f hèarr dheth's a' ghjeachd. Bha e cho deas,seolta, 's ged a thuiteadh air uair gu'n tachradh a sheise air, gu 'n robhbuaidh ag èirigh leis auus gachcinnseal.
::;294 AN GATDHEAL. Dara Mlos a' Gheamhraldh, 1873.<strong>An</strong>ns an am ud bha famhair mbra' fuireacli an Craaich-Mhlcheil anGornìcaìl— bèinn a tlia mach 's a'cliuan astar math bko thir. Bha eochd tvoidhean diag air àii'de agusnaoidh air liad, agus iirla cho dc'isinneacb,tiadliaich 's gu'n robh e nacOiulaidli-eagail dono coimhearsnaich.Bha e fuireach an uamha dhuibhdhorcha am fas-mhuUach na beinne ;agus bu nòs da coiseachd rondi 'nmhuir gu tir air tuir cobhartaich.Cba luaithe chiteadh e tighin airfaireamh, na theicheadh an shiaghle 'm beatha as na tighean. <strong>An</strong>uair a dh' itheadh e sheachd sàth demhairt-flieoil ag'us de mhuicfheoil,thilgeadh e leth-dusan darah air amhuin, agus a thri urad sin demhucan agus de chaoraich, cheangladhe air a bhac-stic, agus thrialladhiad gur h-e lain-au-Fhamhair ae dhachaidh do 'n uamha. Is e seo bhiodh mar ainm air bho 'u uair sin ;a bu bhèus da fad bliliadhnaichean ;agus thug iad claidheamh dha, agusagus mur do chrean criochan Cliorn-crios-guailne, agus sgribli iad aii% aiiwall air a cbuid ch reach ! Mudheireadh chuir Iain gu cniadalachroimhe cur as da.Togar air, ma ta, le dùdaich, lesluasaid, le piocaid, agus le criiisgein; agus an toiseach na h-oidhchefaide geamhraidh snàinliar a null doChruaich-Mhicheil, Chaidh e gunnihoille an dàil oibre, agus cianromli latha chladhaich e toll ficheadtroidh air doimhneachd le a dhiolleòid. Dhiiin e bial an tuill le crèuljhaichagus le soplach, agus chi-ath esgiotan iirach air uachdar sin gusam famliair a chur as 'umhail.<strong>An</strong>sin sheid e dhùdach fhein le sgairtcho mor, onfhach's gu 'n do dhùisge as a shuain am famhair. Thàinige air'imftachd an rathad a bha Iain'sghlaodh e le fuaim thirneanaich" A pheasaiu liheadaidh, bidh daoran ceannach agad air mise a dhùsgadh.Cuiridh mi air a' ghriosaichtlui 's bidh tu agam gu m' bhraicmhias."Gun tuill eadh bhriathranthugar sith g' a iomistìidh 'stuitear na ghleog an comhair a chinn's an toll le saidse cho mor 's gu 'ndo luaisg 6 bheinn] " O ho, Ghoistidh,"ars' Iain 's e coimhead sios do'n toll, " an e gu 'n d' ràinig thu 'ntiochdar mar thà ! Ciod is glcus dod' stamaig] Am beil dad idir ann adh' fhoghnas dhut gu d' bhraicmlnasair a' mhaduinn fhuair seo, gun Iainbochd a ròisteadh'?"Thug am famhair glideachadh airfhein gu eirigh, ach bhuail Iain a'phiocaid air am mullach a' chinnagus mharbh e dh' aon bheum e.Gun mhoille, gun diiil, thill lain airais a thoirt furtachd dh' a chaii'deanle sgial-bàis an fhamhair.<strong>An</strong> uair a chuala triathan Chornicallmu 'n euchd seo, chuir iad fiosair Iain, agus le aon ghuth thuirtlitrichean-oirIs mW Iain Còrnarh an sàr-cliuìr'uìh,Mharhh mi Cormoran le huiile.Chualas mu 'n euchd seo rinnIain, 's cha b' fhada h-uige, annsgach cèarna dh' àirde-niar Shasonnagus bhoidich famhair a bha 'n sindo 'm b' ainm an Buamastair-Sean, abhi dioghailte 's Iain ma bha e gubràth an dan da fhaotainn na ghlacan.Bha 'm famhaii- seo fuireach ancaisteal-gheasan ann an coillidhlethoii'ich. Mu cheithir mlosan andeaghaidh bàs CJiormorain, thàinigair Iain, air a thuius do Chuimridh,dol romh 'n choillidh seo ; leis ansgios, rinn e suidhe a leigeil analachaig taobh tobair àluinn, 's tuitear nashuain-chadail.<strong>An</strong>ns a' cheart am sin thàinig amfamhair thun au tobair a dh-iarraidhuisge.Rinn an sgribheadh a bh' aira' chrios-ghuailne Iain a 1-hratli;agus is e bh' ann gu 'n do thog amfamhair gu socrach air a mhuin e g'
———;Dara ilios a' Gheamhraidh, AN GAIDHEAL. 205a thoii't leis do 'n chaisteal. A' triall a' tighin romh na comhlaicheaniaruinndhaibh romh dlilùths na coille dhiiisgthilg Iain na teadhraicheanfuaim nan duilleag e, agus blia e an thair an cinn agus cheangail e iad gucruaidh-staid gn leoir an nair a fhuair grama il ris an spar. <strong>An</strong> sin tharrainne e fliein an ci'ògan an fhamhair.a's tharrainn e le 'uile neai-tAch clia bii dad idir e làmh ris an aneagal a gliabli e an uair a ràinig iadgus an robh iad an imbis a bhi tachdte.<strong>An</strong> uair a chunnaic e gu 'n robh iadan caisteal—blia 'nt ùrlar lom-lan dechlaiginn 's de clinaimhean sluaigh.Thug am famhair a's tigli dosheòmar mor e anns an robli cridheachan,a's lamhan, a's casan, a's cinnnan daoine bh' iar an iir-mharbliadliagusthuirt e ris, le braoisg sgreamliail,gur cridheachan dhaoine dh' anulannair pheabar 's air fhìon-gèur, lòiibìdh.bu mliilse leis a gheobliadh eagus cuideachd, gu 'n robli a sbanntair roic a bhi aige air a chridhe-san.Gun tuilleadh seanchuis, ghlais eIain 's ant sheomar, agus dh' fhalbh erisȦn uair a bha esan air falbh,ghoir gach cèarna de 'n chaisteal lesgriachail, a's gearan, a's glaodhaicha bha oillteil ; agus an nair a thàinigbalbhadh air sin, chual Iain guthcianail a' toirt na caismeachd seo dhafhein :Teich, a dioigrich thrèin gun dàil—JBiclh am Buaiuastair inu d' bhàs,Bheir e leis ant atliach breunBuist is ascaoin' na e fliein.Theid do riasladh cian gu goirt,'S do chur gu has gun iocbd, gun toirt.Fag, a choigrich threin, an dim'S cobliartach thu, laoioli, do 'u tniith.Theab an sanas seo cridhe Iain achur as a chochull. Thug e lèumthuQ ua h-uiimeige, 's faicear an daghosganach ud a' tighin an achlaiseana cheile. Bha 'n uinneag direachOS cionn geataichean a' chaisteil." Nise," ars' Iain, " cha 'u 'eil ann!domh ach bus no beatha cia dhiubh."Thuit gu 'u robh da theadhair 'sant sheomar, agus chuii' Iain mialaireagus lub-ruith air ceann gach teadhrach.<strong>An</strong> uair a bha na famhaireanlle cheile dubh-ghorm 's an aodunn,'s gu 'n chain iad an clith, tharrainne chlaidheamh As an truaill, agnstheirinn e air an teadhair, agus sgude na cinn de na famhairean : mar seotheasraig e e fhein bho 'n bhàs a bhaiadsan ag cumadh ris.<strong>An</strong> sin rùraich Iain bùilisgean a'Bhuamastair, agus fhuair e pacaniuchraicheanannta, agus gliabh eair ais do 'n chaisteal. Cha d' fhàge ciiil no cial gun siubhal gu mean,agus. fhuair ann triuir bhaintighearnanan crochadh air fhalt 's iaddh' iarraidh famhair eile bha fuireach an imbis fannachadh. Dh' innis iad's a' choillidh chiadna gu blii comaith dha fath am pianaidh—mharbh nafamhairean na daoine aca, agus bho'n nach itheadh iadsan am feoil 's efannachadh am bàs a shonruicheadhdhaibh.-'A bhaintighearnan," ars' Iain," chuii- mise as do 'n uilebheist agusdo 'n daoidh a bhràthair ; agus aneiric gach droch-dhlol a's dòruinn adh' fhuilig sibhse, bheir mi dhuibhan caisteal seo agus gach ulaidh a th'ann." <strong>An</strong> sin liubhair e gu suaircedhaibh iuchraichean a' chaisteil, agusthriall e air a thurus do Chuimridh.FAidar. le Abrach.LUINNEAG,air dhomh beoch de dhroch ui3g;'fhaotainn.Seisd.— lii-r'i, ho raill 6,JRaill 6, ho raill 6 ;O hi-rl, ho raill 6,Mo chridhe tram, 's cha neimach.'S e 'chuir mis' a dheanamh duain.'jNlheud 's a chuireadh orm de ghruaim,Leis an deoch de uisge ruadhA fhuair mi an Hanùbhar.hi-ri, &c,
!;)206 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios a' Gheatnlnaidh, 1873.'S ainneamh 'cbaochail srutli os cionnA' chlabair a bha aim an griuindNa h-aibhne a l)ha ruitb gun siinndLe ))ùrn uach tugadh solas.O hi-ri, &c.Coma leam au t-uisge glas,Coma leam a dhreach 's a bhlas,'8 mor gu 'm b' fhearr ua feadain bhrasA thig bho cliais nam mor-bheannO hi-ri, &c.Cha robh tionnarachd aun riamliMar bha 'n sruthanan nan sliabh,'Chuireadh fallaineachd an cliabhGach iotmbor a ni ol asd'.O hi-ri, &c.'S i mo run-sa tir nam beanu—Abhainn fhior-uisg' amis gach gleannTorman biun aig mile allt,'S iad mar bhean-bainns' an ordugh !hi-ri,&c.Comhdach min-fheoir air gach bruaich,Laist' le rùsan 's bòi'che smiadh ;'.S gur h-iocshlainteach a sruthain fhuar,Nach cruadhaich a' ghaoth-reoite.lù-rì, &c.A thir an fhior-uisg', 'thir mo chridh,'S beag an t-ioghnadh ged a bhiodhAu ròs 's an lili a' cur strithAu gruaidhean mine t-oigridh !O hi-ri, &c.'8 neartnihor t-osag leam, 's is ur,Ag eirigh luchdaichte le tuis,'N uair tha ghrian ag ol an druchdBho d' thrusgan fiùrach, boidheach.O hi-ri, &c.Cha b' ioghnadh Deorsa 'bhi an diombRis an òg d' an d' thug thu run ;Bu tu 'n neamhnaid ann a chrun,A's cha b' i duthaich oige.hi-ri,&c.'S ged tha mis' an so air chuairt,Tha 'n Glcann-Oomhamt eutrom luath ;,'S.'n uair a thoid a siuil a suas,'S ann tuath a ni seoladh.O hi-ri, &c.'S 'n uair ruigeas mise tir an aigh,Tir mo dhàimh, a's luchd mo ghraidh,Naille ! thcid mi fhein gun dail,A dh-ol mo shàth a Lòchaidh !O hi-ri, &c.Maiki Nic-Eallair.Harburg, Hanòbhar,Meadlion an Fhogh., ISGG.COMHRADH NAN CNOC.(Bho 'n Teachdaire Ghaidhealach.FIONNLADH PIOBAIRE, AGUS PARAMOR, AN OlDHCHE MU 'N D' FHAGIAD GLASCHU.FlON.—So! so! a Pliaruig-, tha'iit-ain dhiiinu cadal. Tha Mhaif/hdeaiin-Mhorairneacli a' falbh gii math moch.Chiiiniaic mi fhein an sgiobair.Par.—Griiagach mo ghraidh chab' e sin ach a h-abhaist ; te ua mocheiridli!Ach ged a g-hhiaiseadh ifhein, 's a h-upraid m' am blais ant-eun an t-uisge, 's e Paniig nachbiodh diombach; is fhad an oidhchegu latha gus am fag mi 'n t-uamhasaite so.FlONN.—Cha 'n uilear dhuinu abhi air ar cois aig ceud ghairm a'choiUch.Par.^— Sin a' ghairm shurdail nachcuir air do chois 's an aite so thu. B'e bhi cm- an uain do charn ant-sionnaich, coileacli a chur doGhlaschu. Ged is iomadh cailleachmhor, laidii- a tha 's an duthaich againu,a'trusadh uibheana's chear'can, airsonan cur do Ghlaschu, cha chuala migoc circe, gun ghuth air gairm coilicho 'n thainig mi ann. Ach nachcoma CO dhiubh, fhad 's a tha 'n duineti-uagh ud a' muigh air a' chabhsair, a'spaisdearachd 's a' giaodhaich fad nali-oidhche. <strong>An</strong> cluinn thu 'n draste? Gu dearbh a fhleasgaich, marthuirt am mada-madh ris an fheannaig,"Cha toir do cheol a cuideachdthu." Cha'n'eil do ghuthach reasgach, agns cha 'n nai- dhuit;cha 'n iongantach thu bhi sgith de 'nchabhsair; agus gu dearbh tha mifein ann. Tlia mi co bi-uite sgitli annoclid fein 's ged a bhithinn a' siubliala' mhonaidh fad seaclidain.FlONN.—Cha d' rinn mi fheinnioran coiseachd an diugh; bhaeagal orm, gn 'n caiUinn mo lathad,agus cha do leig mi 'n t-each-odharas mo shealladh fad an Latlia, am fad
Dara AJios a' Gheamhraidh, AN GAIDHEAL. 297's a bha mi 'ceannach trealaich bbeagado 'n teagblach.Par.—Cba b' e sin domhs' e. Chadeachaidh stad air uio chois. Chabbi mi 'n Glaschu au da la so a rithist;agus tliar learn gu 'm faiciun iiab' fhiach 'fhaiciim ann. <strong>An</strong> saoil tliu,a inhic cridbe, uach robb mis' andiugb air torradh. Bha mi 'n snd a'staraineachd o aiie gi\ h-aite gns anan d' fhnair mi mi fein ann an luchuirtibha' Cholaisde, aite cianail,sambach,.far nach do thachair duineòrm,gus nabhuail an t-uaireadairinor,agus an sin thoisichdranndandechlagbeag a bha fodha. <strong>An</strong>n am prioba nasul, bhruchd sgaoth a mach an sud's an so de sgoileirean le 'n tonnaganruadlia, mar gii 'm faiceadh tu tornsheangan aims an sathadh tu dobhata. Tachraidh na daoine gednach tachair na cnuic. Co 'thainigorm an so acli Calum og. Mac aniathar, 's e rinn an caoimhneas rium.Leig e ris domh iongantais an aite.anns an robh an giulan, mar gu 'mbiodh cnap soithich ann, 's a benlfoidhpe ; ach an uair a theann eoirnn 's ann an sin a bha 'n riomhadh!Bha an carbad fein air aehomhdachadh le sar endach dubh ;oir de shioda geal nni 'thimchioll ;bara-bhidein ard air gach oisinn, leCnaip oir OS an cionn ; stiallan fadade riobaiuean sioda ci-ochta riutha;figus mar shuaicheantas broin agus'bais, dealbhan chlaigeann aguschnamh air an tarruing air fiamh anoil- air gach taobh dheth. Aguscha'n fhoghnadh sin, marbhaisg orra!ach na h-eich fein, na bruideanbochda, 's mairg a dheanadh amadaindiubh—bha iad an sud agus bratair a' h-uile fear dhinbh, agus badde dh-itean dubha 'n a cheann. Ausaoil thu an robh 'g a chaoidh, achaon seisear. Bha iad so a' falbh i-oi'n ghiulan; curi-aichdean maola, dubhaair an scrogadh mu nihullach anciiin; sgcmn de bhata goirid ann anlaimh gach fir dhiubh; agus iad a'coiseachd, ]ja daoine truagha, gutursach, trom, le 'n suilibh li lar margn 'm biodh an cridhe gti sgaineadh." Mo thruaighe," a deir mise ri Calum," 's iad so cairdean an fhir nachmaireann." " Cia air bith" ars' esan" mar tha sin, tha latha math acasanan diugh, air a shailtibh. Ach leanam'aidiad do 'n Chladh, agus chithu 'n sin deireadh a' ghnothaich."FlONN. — <strong>An</strong> ann do 'n Eaglaismhoir a chaidh iad? Nach bochdnach robh mise leat, 's gun do gheallmi do Lachlann nan ceistean dolg' a h-araharc.Par.—Mata, is fiach i a faicinn:ach b' e sud ait' an uamhais. <strong>An</strong>eaglais fein na h-aon mheall nior,glas; uamhachau eagalach ledoi'saibhChunnaic mi' n sud barrachd leabh-I'aichean na shaoil learn a bhi air meirgeach, iaruinn a stigh foidhpe,aghaidh an t-saoghail. <strong>An</strong> uair a agus iad Ian, mar dh' innse dhomhsa,vainig sirwi an t-sraid, faicear an de dhaoine nuirbha. Bha 'n cladh sotorradh a' tighinn a nuas 'n a aon CO farsuing ri dail a' gharbhain, agusmheall dubb ; an carbad mor fein leachdan lighe co dlu air a cheile, 'sgur gann a gheibh an iunndagachfein a ceann a thogail 'n am measg.<strong>An</strong> saoil thu, ged a b' e 'n latha geala bh' ann, nach robh sgath orm ; bhafuaim CO fas aig a' h-uile ni. Madheireadh 's ma dhiu, thainig autorradh; mabhae fada gun tighinncharobh e fada .dol seachad. Bha'n uaighreidh, glan, agus au t-urram dhasanair cnl sluasaid a bha 'cur a stigh nah-urach. Is fad o 'u chuala mi, " Somar theid na h-eich do 'n mhuileann,sud mar thig iad as." Air falbhghabh 'a h-uile carbad diubh sios aut^sraid, 'n an deann ruith. Chitheadhtu 'n carbad mor fein, 'n a ghabardluidneach, mar bha e, 's an turamanaichsios le each; na claiginn agusna cnamhau mar gu' n leumadh iad
;298 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios a' Grlieamliraldh, 1873.amis iia spenraibh; agus cha'ii e sininn, aigbearach 's ged a bhiodh iadair banais. Stad thusa gns amfaic mise Lachann nan Ceistean ; thami air mo bhodhradh leia; chachbiiiinearaige ach am fasan Gallda, biodhdaoine beo no marbh; ach ma tha. e 'ndan dhomhs' 'fhaicinn, cuiridh mi'ghlas-ghuib air an deigh na chunnaicmi 'n diugh.FioKN.—Tha Lachann gle fhada's a' bhcachd sin, agus cha 'n fheiidar'aicheadhnach robh morau eireachdais's an doigh thorraidh a dh' ainmich thu.Par.—Eireachdas, an d' thubhairtthul Gnothach co mi-chiatach 's achuaiiaic mi riamh ; an saoil thu na 'mbitheamaid a' dol leat feiu do 'nChill, am b' eireaclidas e a chuireadhonoir ort, brat-mairbh a chur air aneach bhan agad, agus bad fraoich,no dos do itean dubha a chur 'n amhuinge? Tog dheth.FlONN.—Tha na cleachdan sintlachdmhor, no mi-chiatach a reirgnaht na duthcha 's an cleachdar iad.Chunnaic mise la anns uach bitheadhtorradh eireachdall 'u ar duthaichfhein gim cheol na pioba; nima dh' fhaoidte, 'chuireadh uireadsgieimh air Gall no air Sasunnach,'s a chuir na chunnaic thus' andiugh, ort fein.Par.— Is e sin iadsan a bhi guntuigse ; agnis a bhi gun chridhe.Tha 'phiob a nis a' dol a cleachdadhair na co-dhailibh sin, agustheagamh gu bheil sin co maith ; achcha chuala mi riamh Baik iJhuneideannagad fein, le nuallan tiomhaidh,'s tu falbh air ceann na cuideachdado 'u Chill, nach d' thainig tiomadhair mo chridhe, agus deoir ail' uioshuilibh.FlONN.—Tha cheart phort sin feintiondiaidh ni 's leoir, agus chunnaicthusa latha a chluichinu e co maith risuile, ach luchd uau curraiclideaumaola, a ghraisd! bii inhis' am bnrraidhbochd, a bha 'gal)hail truais gach dara fear ; ach an cluinn thu midiubh; co a bh' aunta acliluchdtnarasdail.Co ach iadsaii! 'ii an agus am ministeir feiu a' ciallachadha Ghoistidh. 's e an ni a tha Lachanndeann rnitli a sios an t-sraid,co aoibh-'n Tiair tha iad 'g ar n-earalachadhgus na fasain Ghallda a leantuinn,gu 'n guathaicheamaid an riaghailtagus an stuamachd, agus maraon ant-samhchair leis a' bheil iad a' dolmu 'thimchioll.Par.—Tuigidh mi sin. Gu dearbhbha 'chuid sin de 'n ghnothach marbu choir dha a bhi. Bha 'n uaighami au sud gu h-ullamh, reidh. Chachluinneadh tu focal ard aig fearseach fear ; cha robh couu&aohadhm' an cheart leaba, mar is trie athachras 's an duthaich againue. ChaI'obh iad a' seanachas thall 's a bhosmu ghnothaichibh faoinej cha 'ufhacas fiaiuh ghair air gnuis; aguscha do charaich duine o 'n uaighgus an robh gach ni seachad.FiONN.—Nach robh eireachdas ansin, seach mar tha sinne air uairibha' faicinn ÌPar.—Gu dehnhin thaititm sinrium gu h-anabarrach, ged bu shuarachlearn gach spailpeanachd eile abh' aim. B' fhearr leam bhi air moghiulan do 'n Chill air a' charbadbheithe, air guaillnibh mo luchdduthcha,na sa charbad is riomhaiclva dh' fhalbli riamh air cuibhlichibliagus bu taitniche leam ac^n deur ashileadh mo choimhearsnaich aii- m'fhoid na ged bhiodh na miltean de 'nchomunn chealgach ud air thuarasdal'g am chaoidh,FioNN.—Thachair e dhomh. Isdona 'fhi-eagras cealg agus niorchuisaig an uaigh. Ach innis so dhomha Pharuig, cionnas a chord anEaglais nihor riut? Co dhiubh isbriagha i no each?Par.—Chuir thu ceist air Paruig.Bha e co furasda dhomhsa inuseadhdhuit CO 'n reul is aillidh 's au iar-
;Dara Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 299mailt, a's innse dhuit co an eaglais isriomhaiche 's a' bhaile so. Tha dedh-eaglaiseau ami, na dheanadhbaile mor iad fein, agns tha gach aondlnbh eireachdail iii 's leoir; ach aira shon sin tiile, is ann a tlia i sud,mar a' ghealach am measg nan real.dreachmhoi-, le 'shuilibh tla, le cliiabhaibhliath, agns sgaomaire de shearmonaichog, a tha fo bharrachd speisda fein, na fo iomaguin mu dhaoin'eile. Ach 's i mo bharail fein gubheil tuile's a choir de eaglaisean anu.FiONN.—Cha'n urrainn sin a bhi.Pae.—Is urrainn. (Jha tachairdithis ort a tha dol do 'n aon eaglaisagus nach cluinn thn 'n t-aon chonnsuchadhtruagh aca m'an aidraheiltid, agus m' an aidmheil ud eile, a's a'h-uile fear co fada 'n a bheachd feinris an fhear eile.^FiONN.—Tha leithid sin anu ; achtha dochas agam gu bheil iad ambitheantas a' togail air an aon steidhged tha eadar-dhealachadh bai'alacheadar riu an cuid a nithe. Cha 'n 'eilconnsachadh de 'n t-seorsa sin 'n armeasg-nè, ach tha ui co mi-chiatachann ; daoine 'their riut gu bheil iadde chreideamh an athraichean, dechreideamh a'mhinisteir, an t-sagairt,no an easpuig, nach urrainn innseadhcionnas, no c' arson.Pae.—Tha an leithide sin ann ;agus tha e 'n a dhearbhadh nach 'eilcreideamh ceart aca. Far nach 'eilmeas air an fhearaun, cha bhi fothraismu na criochan. Ach an creidthusa na chuala mis an diugh, gubheil corr a's da fhichead mile aims a'bhaile so nach 'eil a' dol do eaglaiseadar da cheaun na bliadhna,FroNN.—Tha mi 'creideiun gu bheilmoran ann gu dearbh a tha gle shuarachmu na gnothaichean sin; achair a shon siu, is iomad fear, mothruaigh! nach 'eil a' dol do 'neaglais, a chiouu nach 'eil aige de'nt-saoghal na dhiolas airson aitesuidhe.Cha'n ionann agus sinne.Tha te bheag bhiiineach, eile lamhrithe nach deanadh tigh-seisein d' i. Cha 'n fhaigh daoine 's an aite so anTha mis' ag radh riut g'u liheil t-uisge fein gun a cheannach.cneasdachd direach 'n a g-nnis. Tha Par.—Mata, cha 'n e .sin duiuneniread eadar - dhealachaidh eadar e. Na 'm biodh a' h-uile goireas eilei fein, agns na h-eaglaisean tira, mar an t-uisge, bha sinn sonag-og-aideach a tha iad a nis a' togail, dheth. Ach mur urrainn doibh dioladhairson aite-suidhe 's an''s a tha eadar seana mhiiiisteir aosda,eaglais's an aite so, is urrainn doibh do reircoslais dioladh air son an oil. Chunnaicmi 'nochd fein, air sraideanGhlaschu, barrachd gi-ainealachdagus mi-riaghailt na 'chunnaic miriamh am dhuthaich. Ciod a theirthn ris a .so a nis'? Ach gheibheadhtusa leisgeul dhoibh ged a spadadhiad Mairi agad fa chomhair do shul.FiONN.—Marbhaisg air an olc !cha toilleadh l)ean mo ghradh sin airneach sam bith. Ach a ghoistidh,ge nach gabh mis' an leisgeul,anns a' chas sin, cuimhnich thu.sa ansluagh anabarrach a tha ann anGlaschu. <strong>An</strong> saoil thu ua'm biodh a'h-uile baile beag, mosach a th'againne air feadh naGaidhealtachd anceann a clieile, nach iomad mi-riaghailta chitheadh tu? Cha 'n e gubheil iad glan fhalamh dheth martha. Tha daoine gle shiobhalt fhad's nach 'eil iad a' tighinn trasd air acheile, is cha tugainn buidheachasdoibh. Nach samhach na caoirichfein ag ionaltradh am fad's a thafarsuingeachd an t-sleibh aca ; achdumhlaich a stigh do 'n fhang iad,agus faic mar dh' eireas iad air acheile : is ceart mar sin na daoine.Par.—Sin thu rithist. Cha deanmise bealach nach duin thusa. Geolc 's a' bhaile-mhor iad, a' bheil iadmoran ni 's fearr air an duthaich 1A' bheil cuimhn' agad co liugha
!— —;300 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios a' Gheamhraidlj, 187 3.au do dliiult iad cuid naait' 's .h-oidhche dhuiiin ? <strong>An</strong> cidmline leatan trusdar cailidh a dli' iarr onu niopbathadli a tlioirt do 'u tobar,agus a' chuinneag- Ian aice 'u alaimli? Seall mar theab iad ancleoca sgarlaid sin, a th' agad marg'u 'm biodk seun ana fu d' chearin a'b-uile L-oidhche, a ghoid uait. Ma 'siad riobainean do phioba, nacli doglioid iad ? <strong>An</strong> cuiralinè leat idirmar blia iad a' craunadh nan dorsaii,'s nan uiuneagaii a' li-uile li-oidhchemar gu 'm biodh eagal orra gu 'ntiglieadli na Fraugaich fo latha,ged a bha mada mor, granud ac' airslabhruidh aig ceanu an tighe, lecraos air a' blieist a chuireadh eagalair Aileau-nan-eon fein, ge gaolachmn na coin e.Bi tbiis' a' bruidhinn,ach m' eudail an dutbaich far aucoidbeas an oidbclie no an latba; agusan am gabbail mu thamli, far ansnaracb co dbiu a tba 'n crann aira'cbomhla bbreoite no naeb 'eil.FlONN. — Mata, 's pri.seil sin fein,tba mi 'gaideacbadb.Par,—Db' aidicb tliu mu dbeireadbe, a's cba b' anu le d' dbeoingu dearbb — gu deai-bb is tusa'sbeasas na GaillFiONN.^—Db' aidicb mi 'n fbad ud,ach air a sbon sin cba 'n aiilich mi'm feasd, nacb 'eil moran, moran dedbaoine fiacbail, cueasd agus ceaiialt'air a'Gballdacbd. Nach b' eireacbdailan co'-tbioual a cbuimaic tbu airau t-sabaid fa dbeireadb, agus darireadlibu bblasd an t-soarmoiu afbuaii' sinn.Pah.—Tba na daoine tlacbdmborgu leoir, ach arson na seaiiuoinFioNN.—Nacb do tbaitinu i riut?Tuigidb na Gaidbeil a nis o gacliaite beagaii de 'n Bheurla. Tuigidhtus' i, db' aou cbuid.Par.—Cba tuig, Fbionnlaidli, agusis dithis duinn sin, tbu fbein, agusmise ;ged abba sinn aira'mbacbair,cha I'uigas ar Beurla, mar a ni a' b-uile peasana cbuir a chas air cabbsair. <strong>An</strong> saoiltbu ged a tba gabbail au ratbaidmhoir againu, au tuig sinn searmoiu;agus a db-innse na firiuu, cba docboinnich a' Bheurla sin riamb mifathasd a dbruigh air mo chridhe.Tba i maith gu leoir ann an gnotbaichibb,ach tba 'n tubaist oirre 's a'chrannaig. Ach o'n tbainig sinnair an t-seanachas, nacb don' 'anceartas a tba sinn a' faotainn a machair a Ghalldachd, nacb 'eil iad a' toirtduinn teagasg 's a' cbanain athuigeas siim. Is ai'd, ladarna alabhras na Gaill mur faigb iadBeurla againn, acb feuch co bbeirGaidblig dhuinne, 'n uair theid sinn amach ?FiONN.—Cba 'n ionann idir an dagbnotbach d' a cbeile; ach gun anseanacbas a leantuinn ni 's faide,a' bheil iomradh idir agad ail" autuath cbueasd a chunnaic sinu, a'b-uile fear dbiubh mar ndiinisteir 'n atheagblach, co ciallach, stolda,nach ceadaicheadh facal ard no olcsam bith m' an timcbioU? <strong>An</strong> doleig- tbu air di-chuimbu' an duinebeanuaichte sin, Mr. Ponton, a thugdbuit an leabbar math sin a tb' agadair do shiubhal ; agus a liugha earailagus comhairle ndiatb a thug e ortam fad 's a bha tbu 'n a theagblach ?C ait' am faigheadh tu a leitbid addhutbaicb !Par.—Tba iad ann, agus tbadocbas agam gnr annan lionmboii'-eacbd a bhios iad a' dol. Bha esan 'n adhuine cneasda, gu dearbb; b' fbearrlearn mo shaotbair a thoirt dha air aleth-luach, na do dhaoiu' eile air auIan tbuarasdal. Mo bheaunachd 'n acbuid, 's na cbuideacbd!FiONN.—Mar sin. 'S mi tba 'n achomaiu; ma chuireas mi duuiecloinneaui feasd gu Galldacbd, 'sann 'n a ratbad a stiuras mi iad. Napaisdeau bochda, 's eiginn doibh asinn a leas moit a cbur bbi as mo s}iealladb uair no uair-
jGargan.—iIIIj—)—;;;Dara Mios a' Gheamhraidh, 1873. AN GAiDHEAL. 301—eigin. Thainig siun air a cheile anis a ghoistidli. Tha uainn a bhi'cadal. Oidliche mhatli dhiiit!Par.—Mar siu duitse, fhir mochridhe. I. M'L.BLAR SHUNADAIL.(O'n aireamh mu dheireadh.Le sruth a's gaoth a uis 'n am fabhar,Chuartaicli iaci a' ^Ihaol gim fhardal,Gu cladacli au tauibli mu thuath clhi.Blia 'n fhairge ciuin 's a' ghaoth gtmbliruaillean,[ain,Chunn'iad Dun-sgeitheag's Uun-a-chlach-'S gach port a's uig am fad an astair'S an cuir birlinn a saidh air fad uaLearga, —Ged nach do mheudaieh sud an earbsa,Bhi coimeas nam fear a b' fhearr a bh' acaKi calmaich nan culaidlieau breacaA chunnaic iad air feadii na)i achadh.'S cuid eil' air bruthaicLean 's an glacanA' trusadh chaoracli thun nan cruidhean,'S an crodh aig buachaillean 's aig oighean'G an iomaiu, gii h-eadradh, do bhuailtean;Na minu a' mireag air na cluaintean ;Eoin ua mara 'n cilisle an tràghaidh,A' glacadh nan iasg meanbh gun aireamliFaoileann a' chneis ghil gun smalAg itealaich, a' teachd 's a' dol,Ko 'snanih nan tonnau corrach, barragbeal,Stuadhan fuaimneach na fairge ;[airtGaoth 'n iar a' coiimeachadh sruth rabh-Greann chaoireach bàthaidh a' cathadh,A chuir na coimhicli bhorb an iomagain,A' teicheadh le luath 's sheol's le iomram,Do Loch-an-Tairbeart fasga'ch, sabhailt,Is minig a thug fois do 'n anra'ch.Thuirt Rui-ach, 's e 'g eirigh, ' ' A dhaoinuaisle,Tha mi searbh d' an luirich fhuair so ;Tilgibh i an grunnd a' bhàta,Gus an seas mi mar a b' abhaist."Gargan.— "Tha sin barrachd 's is tiacht' anail,Far a bheil thu 'nochd air t' aineol."Cha b' f hada dhaibh mar so a' labhairt,'N uair thainig freiceadain a' chala,'S dithist air ceaim na cuideachd,CoUa Mac-Dhomhnixill nam buillean,Bho Chruach Ohurr-airidh an He,'S am fear eile de Ghaidheil Ohiimtire,Eachimn Mac Aonghais mhoir a' Clilachain,Laoch a chaidh aium fad' air astar ;Theireadh each ris,Fear a bu treise de na Niallaieh I'N uair leag na h-iasgairean an aeair.Thuirt e, mar so, am beagan f hacal :" Co sibh ? Thugaibh sgeul gun dail,'S brigh bhur turuis gu tir Mhie-Dhomhnuill.So comhla 's iuchair Chinntire ;'S e 'n t-ordugh gu 'n innis na thig 's natheid<strong>An</strong> diithaich 's an cinneadh.Ohuireadh sinne mar urrais g' a iarraidh,"iS fiachan so nach faodar aicheadi."" 'S fios do na Gaidheil guleir,Fhii- threin, gur fior do chaiunt'8 gn 'm faigh thu gun taiug na dh' iarrthu,Smachd Mhic-Dhomhnuill 'n a thir fein,S nach eiginn idir do na cairdean'A l^hi dha mar a bha sinn, dileas.lasgairean sinn o ArainnChuir fuadach-mara sinn an taobh so ;Chuartaich sinn a' Mhaol 's a' mhadainnGun tonn air a Iniiune, 's a h-nchdE.Ì speuran gorm gun neul,A's feith a' nochdadh a h-ailleachd.Air a cladach, an taobh mu thuath dhi,Dh' eirich fras f huaraidh o 'n iar,Garbhan borb nach galihadh stad.Rnith sinn air fad na linne gàbhaidh,Stiuir 'g a gleidheadh, 's siuil 'g an togail,'S raimh a' cur cobhar m' an bhord a b'airde.Tha sinn a nis sabhailt aig talla baigheilRigh Iimse-Gall : cha 'n iomradh gainne d'a mhuinntir.<strong>An</strong> cead duinu na birlinnean a tharuinntrast an Tairbeart ?Tha 'mhaol searbh a dhol 'n a comhail."Eachunx, " Bu gharbh a h-anail andiugh 'g ur ruagadh,Thar dromaiman gruamaeh, domhaiu,colgach.Is cead duiljh na birlinnean a tharruinnGu loch eararach an Tairbeart :Arannaich, luchd - leanmhuiun Mhic-Dhomhnuill,Fasgadh a's biatachd an coir bhuainn."Thog na seoid Sron-na-fuaradhAir an guaillean le sar-ghreim calmachd,'S Druim-direach 'n a deigh,A leag iad reidh 's an loch chumhann<strong>An</strong> taoi)h an ear do mhuineal Chinntiremòir.Co luath 's a dhruid neoil na h-oidhcheMu ghathansoillse lochran nan speur,Thog na coimhich gharg na siuilAir barraibh nan sugh 's an linne rompaGu Arainn nan iomradh sean.O'n cheann deas deth ghabh iad cursa'S eagal na croiche 'g an ruagadhGad ruighinu seilich ChimitireA' diosgail 'n an clnasan.A.on eagal eUe, ach croich na h-Alba,
—I fbeumailIuam^ AN GAIDHEAL. Daia iUos a'Gheamliiaidh, 1873.Cha robh air talanih no air fairgeAig an t'seors' ud. Garg mar mhadadhalluidhAll dutlicha, aii-iochduihor mar mhatligliauiliainuTuathacb au Lochlami fuar an t-sneachd,'S a shoe am bian a chreiche,Acras a"s gairge naduir 'g a stiiigeadhKioclid nan creachadairean borb ud.Eainig iad Manainu gim dochunii,'8 dh' f hag sud romhaiim leth an sgeoil.(Hi kantuinit.)CEOL NAN EAGLAISEANGAIDHEALACH.CANNTAIREACHD NA SREATH.A Gliaidheil ruuuaicb,—Am bisibh cho matb agu.s oisiun a thoirtdbomb air sou beagau fbacal a radhmar fhreagradb do 'n litir a chuirArgathalian gu 'r ii-iomisaidb air a'mliios a cbaidb seacbad. Aidicbidlimi aig- a' cbiad dol a macb iiach 'eilrai cbo ealauta ann.s a' Gbaidblig, noam fbear-ciiiil cboeolacb's db' fbaodasesau a bbi : air a shou sin xiile, cba'u 'eil mi tnr aineolacb air a' cbaiuntbblasda siu ; agus mur do rimi mi a'bbeag de sbeiuu learn feiti auu anGaidblig bba mi eolach gu leoir air achiinutiuu anns au eaglais. Areir mo bheacbd fein cba 'n 'eilau drocb cbkias-cbiuil agam, aguscba 'u 'eil mi gnu aitbne again air auni siu a tba freagarracb agus iomcbuidh,no crouail agus mi-tbaitueacb.Tba Arr/at/udia/i ag radii nacb 'eil, areir coltais, 'fbios agam air an aobbarair sou au do thoisicheadb air cur amacb ua sreatb an toiseacb ; acb masbeallas e air mo litir a ritbisd, cbi egu 'u d' ainmicli mi a' cbeart aobbara tbug e fein duinu,—nacb b'urraiundo mhoran d' au t-sluagb Gaidblig aleugbadb, agus gu 'u robh leabbraicheaugann. Ged a tba Ian fbiosagam gu bbeil an t-aobbar so ami antombas mor a latbair gnis an latba 'ndiugb, cba 'u 'eil mi idir deas gu'aideacbadb, mar a tba Arfjathaliancbo feumail a nis 's a bba e '' ocbioun ceud bliadhna." Cba 'n 'eilditb leabbraicbean air Gaidbeil, matboilicheas iad an sireadli ; ag-u.s marurraiuu doibb an leugbadb cba 'n eso an duigb a 's fbearr g' au teagasg.A tbuilleadh air a mbi-tbaitneacbd,agus cbo millteacb 's a tba e do 'ncbeol a bu cboir a bhi biuu tliar learnfein, mar a tbuirt Douuacbadb More, gur " tamailteacb do dbuine atheangadb a bbi mar so anu ampluic ueacb eile ;" agus ge b' e airbitb clio liotacb no cbo aineolacb 's adb' fliaodas am Precentor a bbi, gu 'mfeum daoine ua facail a gabbailuaitb mar a tbig iad. Cuimbnichibbnacb 'eil mi idir a' cur aiueolaisno cearbacbd as letb uau daoine roagus ro dbileas siu agbeobbar 'n an lucbd-treoii'eacbaidbseinu anu ar u-eaglaisean Gaidbealacb,—isfada gbabb ebbuam—acbtba iad cbo ealamb gu tuisleadb adbeanamb ri muiuutir eile. Is miuiga cbuala mi na miuisteii-ean fein a'deanamb mbearacbdau gle neouacbanu an leugbadb ua Gaidblig aguscba b' e 'cbiad uair a cbuala miPrecentor ag aitbris facail uau salmair a' leithid de dboigb agus uacbrobb an teagamb a bulugba agam gu 'nrobb e fein aig a' cbeart am gu turaineolacb air seadb nam bi'iatbar abba e a' cur mu cboiunimb muiuutireile. Acb ged bbiodb iad uile gunnibearacbd 'n au leugbadb agus 'nan tuigsiuu air ua sailm tba mi agradh a ritbisd, mar a tbuirt mi annsan litir roimbe, gu bbeil au cleacbdadbso—a bbi a' leugbadb agus a'seinu sreatb mu seacb 'n a bhristeadbd jcbarach air i-iau a' cbiuil agus airseadb nam briatbar. Tba Argathalianag aicbeadb gu bbeil ranntacbdnan salm Gaidblig cbo i-easgacb risa' Bbeurla agus tlia e 'toirt dbuinneiseimpler no 'dba, acb mur bbi uacbnacb bu mbatb learn a bbi a' cur sioslii air bitb a sbaoiliuu a db' aobbaj-
:——Dara Mio3 a' Gheamhraidh, 1S73. AN GAIDHEAL. S03aicheadh dad coltacli ri fanoid air uaSailm, dh' fhaodaiim iomadh rann achiir fo 'r comhair a tha a' h-uile dadcho rag ris a' Blieurla. Gmi dol amiun no nail seachad air a' chiadsreath de na Sailm Ghaidlilig-, nach'eil e 'n a iiiliilleadh air brigh agusseadli nam facal a radh," 'S beannaiclat' an duine sin nach gluais"agiis an t-sreath sin a sheinu leatliafeiu air a gearradh air falbh o 'n darasreatL"?<strong>An</strong>i feucli mo cbaraid Arfjatltallaiiri brigli nam briatbar a leanas anocbdadh do comb-tbional air bitbma leugbas agus ma slieiuneas e iad,sreatb mu seacb.^ Ps. xiv. 4,"Am bheil aig droch-cUiaoin' tuigs' air bithTha 'g itheadh suas gii dianMo phobuill-sa, mar arau blast','S nach 'eil a' gairm air Dia."Ps. XV. 4,—"A ni troni-thailceas air an daoiAch nrrani dhoiljh a bheirD' an eagal Dia ; 's nach caochail mionnGed thigeadh calldach air."<strong>An</strong> combarjaich e macb o cbeann guceanu d' an t-Sabnadair Bheurlasreath cbo rag no cbo reasgacb ris ante a leanas Ì Is beag nach cuir i acnaimh a' pbeircill am fear a dh'fbeucbas li a leugbadb le suil licoirichean min-rauntachd. LaoidbXV ii. 1,—" <strong>An</strong> sin, dearg mar chorciir ged robh."Ged nacb d' tbnirt mi facal mu naCoisridbeau-ciuil (choirs) anus an litirroimhe, bu mbianu leam facal a radhas an letb ma cbeadaicbeas sibbdhomb e, oir chi mi gu bheil Argatlta-^2«?ia'toirt teastanais ro shnarach orraagus 'g an diteadh air mbodb air nachairidh iad. Cba sheas mi Coisircbiuilair bith nach seinn ach an ui athaitneas riu fein, co dhiu a tha efreagarrach no nach 'eil; cba mholmi peasauacbd aig am no an aite airbith, agus gn sonruichte 's an eaglais;tha mi duilicb air son Precentor n<strong>of</strong>ear eUe air am bheil cuthach, biodh—e 'n a cbeol-chuthach no'n a chuthacheilej achcha'n'eil mi dol adhiteadhnanOoisridhean no am fir-stiuraidh guleir a cbiopu gu 'm faighear air nairibhcuid d' am buin an cliu sin, na\Smo na dhiteas mi na Precentors airfad a chionn gii bheil cnid aim a tha'n am peasain, no air cbeol-chuthach,agus cuid eile a tha a' nocbdadhui a tha moran na 's usadh dhoibhna tha e do na Ooisridhean— a'nochdadh cia cho binn agus choeireachdail 's a sheinueas iad fuiunriomhach, annasach nach aithne do 'ut-s!uagh agus nach urrainu doibh aleantuiuu. Far am bheil cubhaidheachdanus an lucbd-trorachaidb ma's Precentor no Coisridh iad ; iomchuidheacbdanus a' cheol agus anns andoigh air an seinuear e, madhuhieas ansluagh am beoil agus nach gabh iadcuid no guothach aun, ach gn 'm fagiad aig na seirbbisicb no na proxiese, biodh a' choire agiis au cionta orrafein 's cba 'u aun orrasan a tha a'deanauih an dichill gu aoradh anTigbeama a chur air aghaidh gatmaiseach agus gu cumbachdach. Istruagb leam doiile agus buidhre anduiue sin nach aidich gu bheil feobhasmor air seinn ar n-eagiaisean ochionn bheagan bbliadhnaicbean, agusnach faic ni a's freagarraiche na gu'm " biodh gach neach a' seinn mara's fearr a 's nn-ainn e 'n a dhoighfein;" ach is seacbd trtiaighe leamesan a tha Ian thoilicbte le nithe abhi mar tha iad agus nacb 'eil ag iaiTaidhleasacbaidhno atharrachaidh sambith. Is bochd leam ri 'fhaicinn choeasguidh agus cho togarrach 's atheid daoine a macb air feasgar n<strong>of</strong>eadh oidbcbe a dh' eisdeachd oran nocluiche, a dh' iomisachadh Gaidhligno Laidiun; ach ma theid classaicheana chur air chois air son dhaoine ogaagns seau a theagasg anns an doighanns am bu choir dhoibh seinn aunan aoradh Dhe, cha tig ach aon no'dha; tha leisgeulan ullamh aca,
";fa cbonibair laoidheau tigbe Dhe : uior, air beatba fbada, agus air304 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara Mios a' Glieamhraidh, 1873." All teid seaiiu daoiiie air feadh trusgau cbo freagarracb duibh. Tbaoidhclie H dli-ionnsacliadli ciuil ? am sibb mar so a' tabbaiit dearbbaidbfag am niai'saiida a nilialairt, au seacbad gu bbeil sibb da-rireadli laiigreusaiclie a bbrogaii, agus mar sin baigb a's graidb do 'd Gbaidblig feinsios .' Cha 'u 'eil na coiniieambanoidhche's do g-acb deagb abbaist a's combanachacli air sou dliaoine dioniliarradbouoracb a bbuiueas di. Coagus graisg ceul-cliutliacli." au Gaidbeal; mata co dbiu a tba eIs fliada ill' am b' e so an cliu agiis 'tuiiieacbadli aun au Albainu uo auau teastauas a tliugadli oiTasau o dutbcbauuaii fad air falbb, uacbsheau a " bha fuidb laiuib au atbar abair gu bbeil sibb airidb air meastba e air 'aitbris mar a leauas uuipa soirbbeacbadb pailt. Is gasda au ni"• (I. Eacbd XXV. 7) : Agus b' e au sgeadacbadbgrinri, dreacbmbor. Cbaaireamb uiaille r' am braitbiibb, afbuair iuiinsacbadli air laoidbibb anTigbeai'u, eadliou iadsan vile a bha ttirail,da clieud, ceitbir iicbeadocbduar."—Is mi, tfec, H. W,Braigh-a'-bhaileToiseach a' GheamU. , 1873.iumadb latba 'uis o 'u bba mi fiuriarrtasacbair litir a sgriobbadb dobbur u-iuiiDsaidb a cbum gu 'u iuusiuudbuibb cia co toilicbte 's bbabbur cairdeau aims au dutbaicb soau tratb a cbuir sibb oirbb an trusgaiiur, aluiuu a tba 'g ur deauauib cosgiambacb. Riun sibb gu uiatb 'sgu ro-mbatb an iiaii' a cbuir sibb r' acbeile air clar ur u-aodaiuu a liugbadcomliarradb Gaidliealacb, araou seauagus urramacb, griim agus suasmbor,—clarsair aodsa a gleusadb 'iuneilciuil;pioliaive fogliaiuteacb, le eididbluracb, a' cur ua })ioba ann au uidbeam;leogbaiiiu mbeamuacb, cburauta: am fotliaiinaii fearail, geursealgair nam fritbeau 's uau aouaicbeaij; rami no 'dba de bliardacli cbeolmboirOisein ; crois ioinrait(>acb aguslaraiclieaii loua; cutiic arda; cablilaclinail toiiii; sealbidb air ua soitbicbeausmuide agus ua b-eicb iarruiiiii— gu(•iuiit(!acb is i deise blioidbeacb uauiomadb datb a tba sibb a'caitbeamb.Is e taillear ealauta, eobicli a riiiu'ii e mbain gu bbeil sibb fein cosiiuadbacli 'ii ur aogas, tha mar auceudiia, aireamb mbor de cbairdeaufogbluimte, comasacb agus ur-labhracbagaibb. Co, a uis, a tbeir uacb'eil sgoileareau Gaidblig aim ; nacb'eil ar caiiaiu dbeas-cbaimiteacb airidbair saotbair air bitb ; ag'us nacb 'eilua Gaidbeil, anus au liuu ioiinsaicbteLITIR A CANADA.so, a' deauauib oidbeirp mbaitb airsouA Ghaidheil runnaich,—Tba aiiim a's eacbdraidb an cauain feiu arauiisacbadb agus a uibiueacbadb gupongaii ? Cha 'n 'eil sibb riaruicbteau uair a bbeir sibb do 'r lucbdleugbaidboraideau Gaidblig agusfiosracbadb fallain, farsuiug; tba sibbmar au ceudua le fior sgoileireacbda' cur beatba uuaidb auii au " sgeulaua b-aimsir a db' fbalbb," agus agatbuuadbacbadb bburn-eolais leis nasiunsearan fior-aosda bbo 'n d' tbaiuigsibb. Tba siun a' deauauib gaiideacbaisauns an tir so, do bbrigb gu'ui bbeil sibb feiu co sgiauibacli.agus gn bbeil lucbd-cuideacbaidh cddileas agus c
Dara Mios a' Glieaiuhraidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 305Bithidli sibli, math dh' fhaoidte,a' siuuaiueachadli gu muiic air anduthaicli aims an d' rugadli sibli.Cha'u'eil shine 'deaiianih dioclminilineguv anns a' bliaile-uilior Montreal atlioisich bbur cuairt. Cha ghabh sibhfearg an iiair a dh' innseas mi dhuibliuach robh ach meas bochd agaibhsean Sasiinn 's an Albainn air an tirfharsuing so, f;"ns an d' rinn bataiche;i,neireachdaii na snmid farsuingeachda'cbuain bbeucaicha dheanamhfurasda. Tha aireamh bhliadhnaicheana nis bho 'n a thoisicli bàtaiclieanna smuid air iomachd tharis air a'chuau g'acli seachdain. Tha, mar so,]^'!or-roinn na h-Eorpa agus Americaair an tarrning dlutli, agus hichdaiteachaidhbhur rioghachd feinagns na duthcha so a' fas mion-eolachair a cheile. Tlia lend a's farsuingeachduarahasach anu an Canada.Gun teagamh tba moran sneachd, a'sfuachd a's reothaidh againn; — gidbeadiitha naoran Watbais, a's aoibhneis,a's pailteis againn mar an ceudna.Tha shiagh gniomhach, di(;biollachagainn agus cha 'n 'eil aig a' Bhanrighuasail, eireaclidail iocbdararaina's niomlia baigh a's dilseid a's graidbdi fein 's d' a riogliacjhd na sinne.Cha 'u 'eil comas aig beachdau biasgachnan Frangach, no eunnspoideanamaideach nan Spainnteach air siune'ghhiasad. Tha sinn uile fior-diiileasdo 'n cbrnn Blu'eatunnach agus rombeasailair b>eusan a's ailleachd naBau-righ. Ckiinnear air uaireauseanachus nach 'eil anabarrach taitneachmn dbeibhinn na duthcha so,mar nach bitlieainaid airidli air measa's urram 'fhaotainn bho thir arn-athraichean. Tha sin a' tigbinn air'dol a thoirt breith air bitli air a'chuis ach so. Gur e ni eagalach a'stamailteach a bhi 'faotainn airgid airnihodh nach 'eil ceart. a chum daoine'cheannach am feadli a tha 'chomhstridian am measg luchd-riaghlaidh naduthcha. Ma tha an Ridire ciontachis ioniadh neach a tha 's a bhaciontach co raaith ris fein. Bhaiorghuill gboirt agus ghuineach airfeadh na duthcha so, gus fadheoidh,bho cheanu bc'agan laitbean, and 'thug Mac - Dhonihnuill agus achuideachd suas stiuradh na tire. Ise Gaidheal tapaidh. a tha 'nis ann anaite Mhic-Dhomhnuill, Alasdair Mac-Coinnich is ainm da. Dh' oibrich eiouiadh la mar chlachair, agus dobhrigh gu 'n d' eirich e le 'thapadh, le'dhichioll, 's le 'threubhantas fein bhoinbh CO iosal gu sealbh co ard aguscumliaclulach, tha e gun teagamhairidli air cliu a's onoir mhoir.Bitbidh gach duiiie aig am blieilspeis do dhichioll agus do thapadh, a'guidlie gu 'n cinn gu maith le JSrac-Coinnich, agus gu 'm bi comas guleoir aige air inbh a's airde 'chosnadhI'j bhi 'deanamb moran maith do 'nduthaich. Feuinaidh iadsan a thaaig an stiuir a bhi anabarrach tuigseachagus faicilleach, oir rainig sinua nis an t-am anns an tig edhuinn a bhi 'leagail gu bunaiteach,seasinhach, agus diongmhalta, nariaghailtean, na laghannan, agus nabeusau sin a ghiulaineas torradhbrioghmhor trom anns an am athari teachd.Tha obair an aonachaidh a dol airaghaidh air mhodh no 'dha anns naI'oinneau leis nin bheil Canada air adheanamh suas. Tha na h-eaglaisean,cuideachd, a' faireachduinn gu 'n tige dhoibhsan a bhi 'beachdachadh codhiu a bhitheadh e glic a's ceart, a'sfabhorach neart nior a thrusadh achum an tir gu h-iomlan 'aiteachadh,ar n-aghaidh le ceum cinnteacb, laidirann am maoin ami an eolas agus amian dichioll. Bho cheanu miosa nodha tha iomradh muladach air adheanamh air an Ridire Mac-Dhomhuuiilagus orrasan a tha 'n an luchdcuideachaidhle 'bhi 'dol le cheile agus a' giulan anaige. Cha'u'eil mise aon ainm. Tha tri bliadhna bho 'u20
—306 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara ilios a'Gheamhraldh, 1878.a thoisicli Eaglais na li-Alha ann auCanada agus na li-eaglai.sean eile aigam bheil na l)eacliilau agus nariagliailtean ceudna, ah' barailean aclieile 'iaiTaidh, a chnm 's gu 'm'faicear co dhin Lliiodh e comasaclia's glic, dol le clieile. C'liaidli clieanamoran cnraim a's dragha a ghabhailleis na daoine a's mouilia gliocas, a'seolais anns na h-eaglaiseau so, achum gu 'n cuireadh iad a' cbuiscbudthromach so ann an uidbeampbougail, clieart. Tha moran aig anam so a' deanamh luatbgbair, dobhrigb gu bbeil nithean co fabliorachagus co gealltannach, agus gu 'm faodsinn a reir coslais, a bhi eai-Vjsachgu 'm bi na li-eaglaisean air an iiasgadbgu daingeann r'a clieile. Thaaobhar againn uile 'bhi toilichteifu 'mbi e comasach duinne ar teasghradhdo dh-Eaglais na h-Alba'chumail snas, am feadh a bhitheasceartas saoibhir air a dheanamh risna Ii-eaglaisean eile. Is cinnteaeha tha mi, gu bheil obair mhor aiggach eaglais anns an duthaich so r'adheanamh oir buinidh e doibh ledealas blatli 's le end diadhaidh a bhi'craobh - sgaoileadh an t - Soisgeilbheannaichte air feadh gach cearnaagus anns gach ionad - comhnuidhanns au tir.Tha na Gaidheil lionmhor annsan duthaich so ; tha iad seasmhach,aghartach agus measail.Air an aobhar so tha cinnt agamgu 'm builich sibhse iomadh smuainchaoimhneil, chairdeil oirrn. — IsLOCHINBHAR.mise, le roor iirram, >)hur caraid fiordhileas,Cona.Ontario,Ceud Mhios a' Gheamh. 1873.Thainig triath Lochinbhar as an lar oirnn gu grad,Air steud-each a b' àille 's na criochaibh air fad;Gun bhall air a shiubhal ach claidheamh deas, treun,A' marcachd gun armachd 's a' mai'cachd leis f hein.Clio dileas an gaol, a's cho gaisgeil am blur,Cha 'n fhacas riamh coimeas do thriath Lochinbhar.Gun chiiram do bhacadh, gun eagal roimh namh,Far an doimhne an abhainn, rinn esan a snàmh;Ach, Netherby Hall, m' an do ràinig e thall,Thug a leannan a h-aonta, 's bha 'shao'ir-san air chall,Oir bha giùgaire 'n gaol, agus cladhaire 'm blàr,Dol a phosadh na h-ainnii- aig triath Lochinbhai".Do Netherhy Hall gu neo-sgàthach ghabh e 'steach.Am measg fhleasgach a's chàii'dean, a's bhrà'i'ean, 's gach neach'Sin thuirt athair na gruagaich, 's a lamh air a lann,(Bha'm fear-bainnse air clirith, 's e gun smid as a cheaun.)"<strong>An</strong> d' thainig thw 'ii sith no an d'thain' thu chum air,No a dhanns'aig a' phusadh, a thriath Lochinbhar?""B' fhad' a shuiridh mi do nighean, ged dhiiilt thu mo ghràdh;Ach tha 'n gaol mar a' nihuir, iii e lionadh a's trà'dh;A's thainig mi dh 'ioimsaidh a' phòsaidh gun sion,Ach a dhanns' leis an òg-bhean, 's a dh-òl leatha flon.Tha jjailteas an Albainn de dhòighean a's fhearr,"A ghabhadh gu deònaoh tighearn òg Lochinbhar !
;—''Dara .\ri03 a' GU eamhvaidh, AN GAIDHEAL. 307Bhlais ise; ghlac esan an cupan g'u teann,A's tliilg e à làimh e 'n nair dli' ol e na bli' ann;Chrom ise gu màlda 's a h-aghaidh fo iiàir',Le deur air a sùil, 's air a bilibh fèith-ghàir'.Ghabh e greim aii- a làimh dli' aiiideoin bacadh a màth'r," 'Nis tbeid sinn. a dhannsadh " ! tbuiit triath Locliinbhàr.A cbruth-san clio àluinn, 's a gnùis-se cho briagli;Cha 'u fliacas aon chàraid 'tliug bàrr orra riamb.Fo cborruicb bba 'b-atbair, a inàtbair, 's a kicbd-dàimb,'3 am fear-bainnse trom, diibbacli, 's a bboineid 'n a làimb;Rinu na maigbdeannan cagar, "B'e moran a b' fbearr," "I db' fbaotainn r'a pbosadb tigbearn og Locbiubbàr !Air dba beantainn r'a làimb agus cagar 'n a ceann,A mach air an dorus a ghearr iad le deannTbog e suas air an eacb i, 's am priobadb na sùl,Bba esan 's an diollaid a's is' aig a cbùl !" Tha i agam gun taing ! Beannacbd leibb " ! tbnirt an sàr," Bidb iad tapaidb a gblacas tigbearn og Locbinbbàr !"Chuir na càirdean le cabhag an eacbaibh air doigb;Cuid a' ruith, cuid a' marcacbd a ghlacadb na b-oigb ;Bba rviagadb, a's rèiseadb, tbar raoiutibb a's sbliabh,Ach sealladb d' an og-bbean cba 'n fbacaidb iad riamb!Cbo treubhacb an gaol, a's cbo gaisgeil am blàr, ', ' .Am facas riamb leitbid tigbearn '"''^'''.^òg Locbinbbàr! .Eadar. le. Mac-Mharcuis,A GlIAlDHEIL URRAMAiCH,—Tbacbah" dliomb a blii aim am baileDbuneideami o cbionn ghoirid a'cur seacbad feasgar Sathurua le m'dbeagb cbaraid DombnuU-og Cbarba— is aithiie dbuit e. <strong>An</strong>n anFIOR DUILLSEACHD.nocbdadb dbomh iongantasan an aitetbug e mi a db-ambacc caiTag'bcuiuibneacbaiua bba air 'ur thogailaim an teas-meadbou a' bbaile agusaims an do gabh mi mor tbiacbd.Bba an carragb mu sbeacbd troidheanair airde air a sbnaidlieadh guinaiseacb—an t-iocbdar aige aircumadli mèis eireacbdail agus i agbuatb Ian agus a' srutbadh tbairisle uisge, agus air a ciabacbadh maraite-oil do cboiti a' bbaile. Mutbuaiream tbri ti'oidbean os a cbioimso bba mias eile agus i mar anceudna a' cur tbairis le uisge fior,'j.gblan. Ag eirigh as a' mbèis .go,bba carragb caol, agus air a mbuUaebdealbli abbaig- bbig, mbolaicb,cho riocbdail 's a cbuiiuaic mi riabb.Bheireadh tu do mbionnan gu 'nrobb i beo—cba mhoi' nacb tugadbtn ort feiu a chi-eidsiim gu 'n robbtbu a' faicinn a fionnaidb fada acratbadh aims a' gbaoith. " Coairson idir a tha an: carragb so?"arsa mise. T'-iug DombnuU in' ancuairt mi tbun au taoibb eile ; leugbe auns a' Bheurla agus db' eadartheangaicbe dbomb mar a leanas ausgriubbadb a bba an sin air agbearradh gn snasmbor air clarumba :—''Mai- cbuimbneachan air
—;——308 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara ilios a' Olieamliraidh, 1873treibhdhireachd dliileas G/irei/friarsBubhi/. <strong>An</strong>ns a' l)liliadlma 1858 leanan cuilein caonili so oorp a niliaighstirdo chladli Grcyfriars agns dli'fhnirich e luu 'n uaigli gus an d'fhuaii- e bas aims a' bhliadlina 1872.Air a cliur suas leis a' Bhan-UidireBardett Coutts." Is iomadli nair achnala mi ioinradh air broii airsoncbairdean, agns air luchd-tuiridli ablii 'tighiim an drast's a rithist a sliileadhdbenr air uaigbean na mninntira bu toigli leo ; ach tlmg so barr airna cbuala mi riandi ; agns tba miag aideacliadh gn 'n do tbiomaich mocbridbe an nair a cbnimbnich mi ah"a Hngbad latlia fuar agns oidlichefbliuch a clmir an ci'eutair bochdtbairis air an lar lom a' feitbeandi 'sa' faireadh gnu stàth airson atbtbilleadha raliaigbstii-. ISTach moram peacadb do dbaine sam bitli abliuineadh gn brnideil no gn L-aniochdmborri 'leitbid so de cbi'eutair.''agns an deigb sin ni!e, uach miuig atba sinn a' guathacbadb gn crnaidliar seirbbisicb cbeitliir-cbasacb nachnrrainn gearan no monmbor a dlieananili,acli, ma db' fliaoidte, a bbios na's dnileadb air ar son an nair a db'fbalbbas sinn na ar Incbd-daimb asmiodalaiche nmainn am feadb a tliasinn beo. Fbiiair mi mach gu 'm l)ndhnine fior bboclid a blia ann ammaigbstir a' chnilean bbig so ; cbarobb leacbd no ainm air 'uaigli; dbicluiimbnicbgach dnine a bbniiieadbdba c' aite au robb e aii- a charamhacb blia aon cliaraid aige a bbadileas ; a cbompairtich d' a bbochdaiun'n nair bn bbeo e ; a lean gutui'sacb e tlmn Jia b-naiglie ; agns, acbiomi gu'n robb e'nis gnu dacbaidh—gu ndocbaill e aoa a bbacaoimbneilris, 'h nacb roltb e coltacb gMi'm faiglieadbe a leitbid de mliaiglistirtuille,a cbnir roimbe nacb treigeadb e annalgb, acb gu 'm biodb e dbitb, gunfliios nacb cnireadh a cbaraid fenmair. Bba na coimhear^naicb mathdo 'n chuilein, a' toirt bidb dba gacbhitba. Db' fbeuch cuid diubh ri atbabidli air falbli, agns cbaidh iad cb<strong>of</strong>ada aig aon am agiis, airson trnais,gn "n d' tbug iad a stigb fo fhasgadbe ri aimsir fbnair, fbUuich, ach cbarobb e idir toilicbte ; cbo luatb 's afluiair e mar sgaoil thug e an cbidbair ; agns o 'n am sin, fad cheitbirbliadbna deug', a gheambradli no'sbambradb, cba do cbnir e seacbadoidhclie air falbb o naigb a mliaiglistir.Bbagair au lucbd-cise o clnonubbeagau bbUadbnaicbean gix 'ji tugadbiad aii- an fbeadbainu a bba a'beatbacbadli a' cboin a' cliis a pbaiglieadbair a sbon, acb, do bbrigh nacbb' urrainn doibli a radh gu 'm bu lednine air bitb an cuilein,— ged a bbana ficbeadan deas gu paigbeadbseach gn 'n rachadb beantaiun ris—cba do clmireadb cis aii' dnine aiiasbon, agns flinair e cead a dbacbaidha dbeanamb anus a' cbladb, faran do bliasaicb e, mar a tbuirt mi,anus a' bbbadbna 1872.—Is mi, &c.,Mac-Mharcuis.<strong>An</strong> Fheill-Martainn,]873.NA GAIDHEIL AIG ALMA.AiK FoNN— " Ml/ Name it is DonaldMac-Donald."nach robli simi mar bhà IB' fhearr gn 'n robh sinn mar bhà !S ua 'm biomaid mar bha sinn air fuir-Gu 'n rachaniaid uile gu blar. [each.Tha mise 'so, Ailean o Lòchaiilh,'S mi fada air fògradh feadh Uhall—'S na'm faighinn o 'u Bhàu-Eigh na dh'fhòghnadhC^'ha biodh Fear-a-cònaidh air challNan cuirt' ann an aite nan caorach,Sliochd sgaipte nan Laoch nach 'eil ann,Bhiodh fardaichean fasgach aig faondraichBhiodh aiteas a's aoidh feadh nan Olfanu.nach robh, &c.'N uair 'bha mi air sràidean Dhun-eideann,(inn airgiod, gun eideadh, a' triallGun chònuidh, gun chosnadh, gunBhourla,\S b' e 'n t-eagal gu 'u treiginn mo chiall;
——————baxa. llios a' Gheamluaidh, 1873. AN GAIDHEAL. 309'S ann chnnuaic mi 'n Belseamaid sgiolta,'S gii 'n cl' eiricli mo mhisneach a' m'chliabh,'S cha b' fhiach learn gii bràth 3f'did —Ach Dù-a'.h Leòghan nan gleachd'S an Fhniiiit/, 's ann an Canada fuarleinn'S gu trie sinn 's na h/it nsihh 'g ar garadh <strong>An</strong> Gaisgeach o 'n Earrachd mar bha,Gun chi-omadh gan chrannadh 'n ar tuar Le 'cheathairne chliuitich a chleachd e -/d)B'i 'n lieiseuiiiaid bhuadhar 's gachcath '8 s.nJieanrjalre(''J 'n tamiing gun sgàth—i,'8Mil 'n deach i fo Cliadean gu buaidli,na seòid sin tha 'seoladh ri 'n taice (/)'S b' e 'cheann-san a liath 's a' chogadh Xa fiiirain 'bu nihaisiche bàrr,'Bu teamadh dhuinn toiseach ant-Sluaii/h. Xach fiaradh o 'n dùcha.s air faicbe,'8nach robh, &c.nach liibar le gaiseadhf^grj nam blar.nach robh, &c.'8 na 'n toisicheadh Alasdair Neam'd,—(the Czar.)Ri 'spagluiniifhj air faiche no sliabhGu 'n toir sinu dha aobhar a ghearain,Mar thug sinn do clieannaircich riabh'8 mar 'rinn sinn fo Ridire C'ailean'8 na Gaidheil 'ga leanailt gu dianA thràiUean a thilleadh le 'r deanual,'Dhol dhachaidh a dh-fheannadh nambian.nach rol^h, &c.A. M.ai2d, 6 A Sword, c Drift. d79th. e SirAlhm Cameron's Sword. /Oad einl)ai-king forChina, g Damage to crop by an autumnal gale.h Haughty demeanour.^HAN GILLE BUBH.H^fc:^t-=E -^EE^1^^ii , ii .d.-lr:r.M 1, 1. - :s, m. -r :ra.I
.[Fliuair—!—''—310 AN GAIDHEAL. Dara iiios a' Ghenmhraidh, 1873.'X uair dhireaclh tu na stucanLe "V gluinna caol nach 'liultadh,Bhiodli coileaeli diibli na durdailA' lubadh bliaiT gach iiieangain leat.'N uair theid thu thun na feilleDo 'u clilachau ri la groine,Cha 'n fliaicear measg nan ceudauFear eugais a' ghille dhuibliGur e nio gbaol an t-oigearAig 'bheil a" pbcarsa Ijlioidbeach,Troidh chuimir am 1)roig cbombnairdKach toil- air feoirnein caracbadh.Gui- e mo gbaol an t oigearAig bbeil a' mhcall-sliuil liboidbeacb ;Gu 'n aitbnichinn do obenra comhnard,A mach air loin a' bbaile so.Gur e mo gbaol an t-armunnA cbaidb a nuun tbar saile;Na 'm faighinli cead mo chairdean,Gun (Jail gii 'n deanainn baiiais dbuit.*RANNAN CUIMHNEACHAIN.Air " Alasdair nan stop" nach maireann,a bha o chionn ghoirid, ma 'sf ior an sgeul 'u a osdair, 'n a mhisgeiruaigncach, agus 'n a fhoirfeachann an aon de eaglaisean GaidbealachGlilaschu.Cha d' f huair e baa, cha 'n 'eil e beò,A's riamh cha d' ol e dram;'S i 'bhreug o 'n d' fhuair e 'ainm 's abliith ;—Cha robh e idir ann.'S i 'bhreug a leag a chorp 's an xxaigh,Le balgan-suain fo 'cheann ;'S i 'bhreug a sgriobh a ohliu air 'lie<strong>An</strong> cainnt nach tuig na Gaill.'S i 'bhreug rinn osdair 's foirfeach dheth,'S a thug suil-gborm do Iseabal'S i 'bhreug,;ma dh' fhaoidte, 'ghin ant-iomlauDe mhic-meamna " E. M. L."" BOLG-FAS LABHRACH."Cha b' iogbnadh mi bhi 'n toir ort,'S do ghi-uaidhean mar na rosan ;Do chneas mar clianach loiuteau,"S mar ite 'n eoin do mbalaidhean.'S anu an raoir a ripy mi bruadarAm cliadal air a' chhiasaig'S a' mhadainn, 'n uair a gliluais mi,Gu 'm b' fbada bhuam an gille dubh.Gur mise tli' air mo lionadb,'Bhi cuimhneacli air do bbriathran ;Gu 'm b' fhcarr nach fbacas riamb thu,Ma thug thu 'm bliadbna 'n car asam.Ma rinn thu mise 'threigsinnLe comhairle luchd-breige,Cha 'n fhiosrach mi fo 'n ghreinCiod am feum a th' anns an leannanachd.Ma rinn thu mise 'threigsinn "Le comhairle lucbd-breige,Mo mhile beanuachd fein leat'n 's e gu 'm b' eudar dealachadh.ALA8DAIR NAN STOP.glialdiail ris; ciiiridh sinti, iiime sin,conilldliunadh air a' cliitis leis naJ
.'THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.DEOElSdlBEI^, 1373.GAELIC PHILOLOGY.NOTES BY THE REV. ALEX CAMERON.(Contumed from page 282. J144. Meat or meata (feeble, fainthearted)is akin to Ger. matt (weary,in matt explains the absence <strong>of</strong> aspirationin meat or meata althoughflanked by vowels.145. Crom; Ger. krumm; Eng.crum^).Crom (crooked) = W. crwm (bending;fern, crom) and corresponds toGer. krumm (crooked, cui-ved), LowDut. kroifii (crooked), A.S. crumb orcrumji (crooked, crumped), Eng.crurivp.Of. Wedgwood's Dictionary.146. Gla,n and cleau.Glan (clean) = W. gldn and is cognatewith Ice. glan (to shine, polish),A.S. clcnn (pure), Eng. clean (lit.polished, shining).147. Asal and oss, easel.u4srt^(ass; in Middle Gael, assal)corres]3onds to W. asyn, Ger. esel,Goth, asilus, Litli. asilas. It is regardedby Stokes as standing for asan, andas having been taken from Lat.asinus. Ass is from A.S. assa, Lat.asiiius. The Gr. is onos for hosnos(cf. Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 66). £asel(the frame on which painters supportthen- pictures) is from Ger. esel (anass). Stokes does not consider asala Celtic word, for if it were thevowel-flanked s woidd have been lostin Irish.148. Connlach and catie.Connlach. (straw, stubble) is fromconn, which corresponds to Lat.canna (reed, cane ; — Gr. kaiina) andthe termination lach (for which cfZ. G. C, p. 855). Cane is from Lat.canna. Cf. Stokes' Ir. luriossesj p.157. Cf. W. cawn, catonen (reedgrass).149. Fut and butt.(push, thrust) - W. piotio (toFlitfaint, weak). TJie duplication <strong>of</strong> t thrust; from iJwt, a blvmt short truncheon,and corresponds to Fr. bouter(to thrust), Ital. botto (a blow, stroke),Lang, buta (to strike), Eng. butt (tostrike with the head like a goat orram). For Gael. }) = Eng. b cf. i^utanand button.150. Slug (to swallow) may becompared with Dut. slockken (toswallow), Ger. schlucken (to SM'allow),scldung (the act <strong>of</strong> swallowing), W.llwngc or llunc (a swallowing).151Sloe or slochd (a hollow place,pit) may be compared with Ger.sclilucJit (a hollow, a cavity), A.S.slog (a hollow place), Eng. slough (ahollow filled with mud, bog). Sloeis connected vnth slug (to swallow).152. Sgaoil (to loose, unsew) correspondsto Scot, skail (to unsew).Low Dut. schelen, A.S. sci/lan (toseparate, divide), Swed. skilja (todivide), Ice. skllia (to separate).153. Sgath (to destroy, injure,hurt) may be compared with Ger.schadeii (to injure, hurt). GaeL. ^=.Ger. d by rule/ Cf tri (three) anddrei ;• tu (thou) and du ; tàbig(thanks) and da/tik.154. Syal and squall, squeal.Sgal (a shriek, a loud shrill cry)maybe coui2iared withGer.sc/ta//e?i(tosound, to resound), Old Ice. squala(to scream, cry, make a noise), Swed.sqvdla (to squeal), Eng. squall andsqueal.155. Fian nnù. 2MÌn.Fian (pain; =^:»e/?a^ is from Lat.
312 THE GAEL. December, 1873.poena -Gi: j}omè ("properly qicitmoneyfor blood spilt" ). Covrespoiidingforms are W. jwen, Fr. ^yehve,Eug. pn?H.156. Gruaim riu\ griini, yrnìnble,grim.Gruaim (surliness) = W. gnvm,and is connected with Dan. grumEng. grim corresponds.157. Cat.Gat (cat; = catt) corresponds to W.cath, Corn, cat, Bret, kaz, Ger. katze,A.S. catt, Eug. cat. Of. Lat. cattus.The ft ( = W. th) accounts for theabsen ce <strong>of</strong> aspiration in Gael. cat.158. Jiiai/Ii, heatha, bed, and Lat.vita, &c.Biadh (food ; anc. hiad) - bivafa,and is akin to Gv. biotos (life; - birotos,with digamma), Lat. mta ( = vtvitaj,•') 159. Cuigeal.Cuigeal (distaft', = W. cogail., Corn.kigel, Bret, kigel, kegel, and correspondsto Old H. Ger. cuncla, NewH. Ger. kankel, Fr. quenmoille, Ital.conocchia, from Middle Lat. conucula,for coluctda, from coins (a distaff).Cf. Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 81, andHighland Society's Dictionary.160. Uilcoitii, and ell., clboio.Uileann (elbow) - W. elin, and iscognate with Dhiiè, Lat. ulna, Dut.eln or el, A.S. elnc, Eng. ell (thelength <strong>of</strong> a fprearm). Elboio is fromA.S. elnboga oi- cllidga (fiom elu orel and boga., bow).16 L Fvrtus and orts, Scot, worts.Fort< (litter, orts) = Scot, wortsand Eng. orts (fragments and rejectedpaits that are left by cattle in feeding).Fortas is used in the singulai-,the genitive heìn^ fortais.Cf. Gael.grotas (used in the singular) = grotsor groats, grits (grain husked andmore or less broken), Ger. griitze(ferocious), A.S. grmn (fierce), Eug. (grit, groats).grum (angry, surly, sulky). With 102. Brod (goad or sting) ^ Scot.gruaim and grum. Wedgwood connectsbi'od, A.S. brord (a jirick or point,Fr. gromm,eltr and Dut. groiu-men anaygrommehn, from which Eng.the fii'st blade or .spire <strong>of</strong> g'rass), Ice.broddr (a sting).grumble is derived, and also Ger. 163. 3Ieigeall., meigeadan, meig-grimvi (wrath) with which A.S. andeadaich, and Gr. oiiekamnai.Meig-eall (bleat as a goat or kid)and Gr. viek-aomai (to bleat) seemderived, as Wedgwood thinks (cf.Dictionary, p. xxi.), from the sound<strong>of</strong> bleating. Cf. meigeadan (a goator kid) and Gr. mekas, gen. luekados(the bleating one). Meigeadaich(bleating) is from meigeadan.lO-l. Mèil, mèilich, and Gr. melon.Mèil (to bleat as a sheep) andmelon (a sheep) may also be regardedas formed from the same root, Avhichrepresents the sound <strong>of</strong> the bleatingGael, beatha, bed. Of Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 76. The Sansk. root is <strong>of</strong> sheep.giv, and with it are connected, as 165. Ard (high) is cognate withpreviously noticed (vol. I., p. 245), Lat. arduus (high, l<strong>of</strong>ty), Gr. orthosGr. bius ( - bÌFos), Lat. vivus, {= orth¥os), Sansk. iirdhvu. The'Goth, qvi'us, A.S. civic, Eng. quirk. Gaidish name Arduenna shows thatard is not a loan-woixl. Cf. Ebel'sCeltic Studies by Sullivan, p. 107,and Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 39.166. Gid (back) is cognate withLat. cuius (the fundament).167. Gam, (crooked, bent, curved,in Old Gael. camm) — W. camm, andis cognate with Gr. kampe (bendingor winding as <strong>of</strong> a river; from theroot kamp), kampto (to bend, tocui-ve). From cam are derivedcamag (a curl, a crook, a small bay)caman (a club), coDias (a bay, aci'eek), &c. Cf. the Gatilish namesGambodnnvm (from cam and dim)and Morìkamhè (from iiiori- = viareand cam).
December, lS7i THE GAEL. il3168. Lecujh (melt, dissolve) iscognate with Lat. liqao (melt) andliqueo (to be liquid). These wordsare refeiTed liy Boj^p to the Sansk.root U (to melt, to make liquid).169. Leigh and leech.Leigh (physician) is cognate withA.S. luce (leech, physician), Goth.leikeis, Dan. huge, Eng. leeclt (oi'ig. aphysician).170. Seac and Lat. siccus.Seac (withered or decayed) = W.sech and may be compared Avith Lat.siccus (dry, parched) from siscus =Sausk, sushka liom the root susJt (togrow dry). Cf. Bopp's Glossary, p.391. To the same root Bopp refersIr.sioc (frost).171. Ach/ais (arm-pit) may becompared with Lat. axilla (arm-pit),Ger. ocAse^ (the joint which connectsthe arm to the body, the shoulder).Old H. Ger. ahscda, W. asgell (wing),Lat. ala (wing) is a diminutive fromcoxilla. Asgal is another form <strong>of</strong>acJdais.172. Aisil (an axle-tree) = «,r/efrom Lat. aayis. Cf. Gr. axon. Axisand axon are connected with Lat.ago, Gr. ago.173. Trà or tràth (time, season)may be compared with A.S. thrahor thing (space or course <strong>of</strong> time,season, time). Cf. Gai-netts' Essavsp. 204.174. Pòsda (married) was inMiddle Gaelic 2JUsta = Lat. siwiisatusfrom sponsare frequentative <strong>of</strong> sjwadeo.Initial s, and also it, before s,are dropped in ^;Msto or jjdsta. Cf.Stokes' Goidilica, \x 63.175. Math and _fIoiver.Blàth (flower) = W. blavxl, Corn.hlez,and corres}jonds to Lat. Jios andto New H. Ger. hliite. Cf. Stokes'Ir. Glosses, p. 77. Flower is fromthe Lat. fios.176. Fiojr (crooked, curved).Fiar = W. gioi/r (oblique) and maybe compared with Lat. varus (bent),vara (to crook, to curve), Sansk.vakrd (curved). Cf. Gr. makròs andmar, now mar. See Bopp's Sansk.Glossary, p. 338. Gael. _/= Lat. vand Gr. digamraa by rule.177. Caomh (kind, loving).Caomh, in anc. Gael, caem, correspondsto Lat. comis (courteous, kind,humane), San.sk. kam (to love).Bopp refers (Glossary, p. 71) canihoand coinis to the root kuDi., to whichhe refers also Lat. aino, the gutteralbeing rejected.178. File (other, another).File, which corresponds to Lat.alius, Gr. alios from dljos, Goth, aljis,is referred by Bopp to Sansk. anyd(other, another), the letters I and nbeing interchanged. Cf. Sansk.Glossary, p. 13.179. Each (horse).Fach in anc. Gael. ech = ecas^^akvas and corresponds to Sansk.arvas, Gr. hippos for hikkos by assimilationfrom hikFos, Lat. equus, 0. H.Ger. e/«i, Lith. aszva. Cf. theGaulish name Fjw-mulns. See Stokes'Ir. Glosses, p. 39.180. Focal (word) and voice.Focal in middle Gael, focul = Lat.vocabulum (word), from vox (voice; =vacs). Voice comes from rox throughthe Fr, voix. Cf. Ital. voce. The c<strong>of</strong> /ocul = vv - cbh - CO, which explainsthe absence <strong>of</strong> aspiration. Cf.Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 104. Bydropping the vowel a and the terminationuin, vocaòulum becomesvocbul = vochhul = vocvul = focul.181. Seicecd (an instrument fordressing flax, a heckle).Seiceal ^ heckle o\- hackle. Cf. Ger.hechel (flax-comb), Eng. hatchel.^ W.heislan., (a hatchel). Cf. also Gael.seiclear and heckler. Gael, s = Eng.and W. h frequently.182 Cnd and mit.Ond (nut) is cognate with Lat.mix (nut) for cnux, Ice. h)i>/t, A.S.hnut, Ger. nuss, Eng. uut. The
—314 THE GAEL December, 187S.Welsh is cneiLen, plur. owh, and theBr. kraoun.183. Rotli or ratli and rote.Roth or rath (Avheol) -- W. rhòd(wheel) and corresponds to Lat. rota(wheel), from Avhich Eng. rote (awheel or round <strong>of</strong> words) is derived.1 84. Loch and lake.Loch (lake) == W. Ihcch and cori-espondsto Lat. Incus, from which Eng.ktke is derived. Loch and lovgh —Gael. loch.185. (rabhal ox (jobh nl {iovk) maybe compared with LiSit. gabalus (fork),Dan. g((ffel (fork), Gev. gahel (fork),W. ('lafl. Gohhlag (a small fork) andrjohhkm (a small fork) are fromgohhal.186. CowmeaZ (candle; in MiddleGael, coindeal) = Lat. candela (fi-omcandeo to shine), Fr. chaiidelle, A.S.candel, Eng'. candle.187. Dair, da/ire, daracJi, andtree.Dair (oak-tree; gen. dara^h)~W.derw, and is cognate with Gr. drys(oak), dory (a tree), Sansk. dàru(timber), Goth, triii (tree), A.S. treowand tryio (tree), Eng. tree. Cf.Stokes' Ir. Glosses,- jj. 79. Daire(grove; now doire) und darach (oak)ai'e from dair. Gaelic and Greek d- Gothic, <strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon, and Eng. t.188. Ctaon and lean.Claon (incline; anc. claea) is cognatewith Gr. klvno (to make to l)end),Lat. cVmo (to bend, incline), Old H.Ger. hlinèm (to lean), A.S. hlynian(to lean), Gei'. lehnen (to lean), Dan.knue (to lean), Eng. lean. Gaelic,^reek, and Latin c- German and<strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon h.(I'o he contiimcd.)THK HiOIILANKEK'S PrAYEI! at SliERirF-MuiR.—The following was found in amemorandum book l>elonging to Burns:"O Lord, be Thou with us; but, if Tlioube not with us, be not against us; butleave it between the red coats and us !" THETheter fromMackenzieDecemberin thestabledents"sa^'sdependentI cancavse.youngerCrownWhenbeat thembattlefitureproperty,peopleat suchI lamentso deepauthenticalwaysauthority,be tied<strong>of</strong> thethatfromwhichdei)endentfor fullduce.Blai--na-pairc,encounter,and the<strong>of</strong> thesomewife,the Isles,had returnedinsultinglyand aonlyMACKENZIES AND THEMACDOXALDS.following- is a portion <strong>of</strong> a let-the late Hon. Mrs. Stewart<strong>of</strong>Seaforth, dated 15th1816, and jnst publishedvolume " Archibald Con-and his Literaiy Correspon-:— "The Quarterly lieviorthe Mackenzies were once ;iclan on the Macdonalds.assure you such never was theWe were certainly a nniehclan, and fostered by theto be a thorn in their side.we had grown into power weout <strong>of</strong> Ross shire, and thewhich completed their discom-was fougiit on their verythe battle <strong>of</strong> Park. Manyhere liave been quite shockeda libel on Clan Kenneth, andit the more as that article,L\ Highland lore, and soin every other point, willbe quoted as infallibleand the poor Mackenziesfor ever to the chariot-wheeiaMacdonalds. 1 am assuredour family never had a charterany one <strong>of</strong> the Macdonalds,is a pro<strong>of</strong> we were neveron them. I have chartersfour hundred years to pro-The battle hei-e referred to,Avas a tierce and bloodybetween the MackenziesMacdonalds, in consequencechief <strong>of</strong> Clan Kenneth, forslight cause, repudiating hiswho was a sister <strong>of</strong> the Lord <strong>of</strong>and blind <strong>of</strong> an eye. Hethe lady to her kindred,accompanied by a manhorse, each, like herself, withone eye.
",—CELTIC TOPOGRAPHY.( Continued from page 157)Druhn-liath-ghort— " Ridge <strong>of</strong> the greygarden."Druim, in the genitive droma, is'' ridge. " Compare Welsh trum, ' ' ridge," back ;" trum y ty, " house ridge," Dra,dm, dram in Sanskrit; Latin dor.mm;French c/os,' proljably akiii to torreo ;English "dry," German dorren, dorre.n.Compare here torran, tor, tolm andtalainh, all meaning '"hillock," "mound"or "eminence." Druini-Albin, DorsumAlbaniae is the water-shed <strong>of</strong> our nativeTobn. and taJamh are evidently akin.soil.In our expression falamh tioram, "dryland," both words have, evidently, anetymological relation, and ridge or eminencemust <strong>of</strong> a natural consequence bedry, or at least dryer than the vicinal lowland.Liath means "Avhite" and most otherhues mixed, as liath-y/tlas, liath-yhonn,Uath-hh'uidhe, &c. 'SVelsh llwyd aiidblawrArmoric lion, Latin Uvidu/:i, iiror forflividus, flivor and this again for jUgnidus,Jliyoor from fligere whence flagellum andJiavus for Jlagru^ Jligure, jlagrum, jlagitium,plunge, plàgo, pk'tgosw, Greek jdcgc,plesso, jjlectron, &c., and Gaelic 6«/y, holg,huilg, and perhaj)s bulagh or huladh withan intercalary vowel: compare Englishflag, &c., Gothic bliggran, German blaw,English blue, <strong>An</strong>glo Saxon, bleo, bleoh,"colour." Here comes our Scottishhlae berry, botanical vaccinium Myrtillue,in German blabeere. Akin are the Gaelicbla, "yellow," blagh "blow," Scottishblaw, English blow, and little doubt heretoo are connected bladh, blath, ' ' blossom,which should be spelled blagh = Gothicblig. We see then that these words, ifmy tentative alliance is logically right,have lost an initial b or f, and also a g inthe middle <strong>of</strong> the word. I refer, <strong>of</strong>course, to liafh and lividus, &c. , whichare clearly for bHagha,nd fligvidus, and theradical idea is "strike" .so as to weal,percutere, " make black and blue."Gort is originally "growing crop," asgortain liv, gortain eorna, Latin Jiortus,"garden," and Greek chortus, Gothicgras, <strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon gras, English grass,yorse, ichins, botanical ulex Europaeus. Icould here mention the Gaelic glas,"gray," with I for r as we <strong>of</strong>ten have;"grant," "grey," "green," the names"Grant," "Gray," "Green," Latingranten, Sanskrit ghasa, "gi'ass," fromghas, "to devour," Ghothic gasto, <strong>An</strong>glo-Saxon ^es^, Gaelic iyoÌ£
!—Slfi THE GAEL. Uecember, 1S73."burn," " lambent tiame," iVo. Auroral,COS, "the gorgeous tint <strong>of</strong> yellow, dazzling,moi-ning red, aunrisc." Fkaoch.GAELIC GRAMMAR ANDORTHOGRAJ'lIY.Sir,—;Your cori-espondeut, D. C.M., tliinks that I "feel very sore"on account <strong>of</strong> his oiiticisni. I may,therefore, inform him that I do notolyect at all to being criticised, ifthe criticism were intelligent. Icannot, ho\\e^'er, discover a singlesentence in yonr coirespondent'sletters which indicates that hepossesses an intelligent acquaintancewith the subject on which he hasseen proper to become my ciitic.To show that this remark is not toosevere I may refer again to his "prepositiveverbal particle [gn. in theconjunction yn. 'u] used for emphaticallyaffirming a direct assertion"Criticism <strong>of</strong> which the above is afair sample is not fitted to make anyone "feel very sore."Your corresijondent thiidcs that 1went out <strong>of</strong> my way to refer to hisescapade in the matter <strong>of</strong> " Oiseanagus an Cleireach." I differ fromhim. I consider that it was rightand relevant when dealing with liimin regard to a second escapade topoint out that, as gentle correctionhad produced no effect upon him, ithad become necessary to apply thelash more vigorously.Your correspondent evidently doesnot see that it is simply nonsense tomaintain that in the phrase, " a'bualadh caismeachd thiamhaidhthruaigh an èig," I fell into the sameerror which I censured in another, inthe same number <strong>of</strong> the Gael. Theerror <strong>of</strong> which I gave numerous examplesfrom "Cahim Ciobar's Almanac"consisted in a violation <strong>of</strong>the simple rule that "one substantivetiling in the genitive." In the])hrase quoted .by your correspondent1 used the genitive after the infinitiveor verbal noun "a' bualadh." Evenyour con-espondent, therefore, mighthave seen tliat I did not fall into theerror which I condemned in " CalumCiobaii-."But your corespondent thinksthat my " assertion that caismeachdis in the genitive governed by theinfinitive, is conti-adicted by the twosucceeding adjectives thiamhaidh andtJinuiigh." He does not seem toknow the inflection <strong>of</strong> adjectives.The adjective fiaiuhaidh, like thenoun caisiiieachd, is indeclinable, butthriiuigh, genitive <strong>of</strong> truagii, sliowsthat caismeachd, the noun which itqualifies, is a genitive. Your corresl)ondent'smistake seems to arisefrom not being sufliciently acquaintedwith the application <strong>of</strong> the rule Avhichhe himself gives, but in a form whichsomewhat resembles his " prepositiveverbal particle," etc.— " the qualitativeadjective folloM'ing its noun,not i)redicating <strong>of</strong> it, agrees withsuch noun in gender and case!"and which he says every tyro inGaelic grammar knows. Your correspondentj^erhaps knows that insuch plu-ases as " uibheau na circeduibhe," " tigh na mnà moire," thethe adjectives dnihhe and moire agreein "gender and case" with the nounscirce and i)mà respectively; but heevidently does not know that in suchjihi'ases as " re nine bhig," " air soudo cliorruich gheir," " ùghdar slàinteshioiTuidh," the adjectives hhig,nthdir, shwrriiidh, agree with theirrespective nouns in gendei', number,and case. To put it differently, he perhapsknows that the genitive singularfeminine <strong>of</strong> the adjective is frequentlyformed without aspiration and bythe addition <strong>of</strong> e to the termination<strong>of</strong> the genitive masculine; but hego-^erns another signifying a difterent (evidently does not kiKJW that it is
"—December, 1873.THE GAEL. 317also frequently formed by aspirationand without final e, precisely as thegenitive masculine is formed. Itwould be easy to give examples fromthe most accurate writers <strong>of</strong> Gaelic,but the following in addition tothose given in ray former letter, willsuffice :2 Sam. A^ii, \\). " . . . . re aimsirfhada," not " .... re aimsir fada."Esraviii. 21. ". . . . dh' iarraidhair slighe cheirt dhuinn fein," not'•'... dh' iari'aidh air slighe ceirte,"&c.Dan. iii. fi, 11, 15. "... am builsgeanàmhuiuu theinntich dhianloisgich,"nf)t '. . . am builsgeaiiàmhuinn teinntich dian-loisgich."Dan. iii. 21. ". . . am meadhonna h-àmhuinn theinntich dhianloisgich."Dan. iii. 23. ". . . am builsgeanna h-:uahuinn theinntich dhian-loisgich.Dan. ix. 24. "... a thoirt a steachfireantachd shiorruidh," not "...a thoirt a steach fireantachd slor-teinntich."Your correspondent is not morefortunate in his reference to thework <strong>of</strong> the ti'anslators <strong>of</strong> the GaelicScriptures than in his other remarks.It is true that the Gaelic Scripturescontain errors and anomalies whichescaped the notice <strong>of</strong> the eminentscholars by whom the translationwas prepared ; but it is also truethat they contain a larger amount <strong>of</strong>accurate idiomatic Gaelic than anyother book that has ever yet beenpublished. This is true even inregard to the most inaccurate andanomalous edition <strong>of</strong> the GaelicScriptures hitherto published—the8vo edition <strong>of</strong> the <strong>National</strong> BibleSociety.As your correspondent thinks solightly <strong>of</strong> the authority <strong>of</strong> the translators<strong>of</strong> the Gaelic Scriptures I mayrefer him to your own columns. Inyour last immber, your contributor" Alasdair Ruadh," whose idiomaticGaelic less experienced hands woulddo well to imitate, writes " loth nah-asail fhiadhaich," for which noHighlander, except D. C. M., wouldwish to see substituted "loth nah-asail fiadhaich." Your correspondentcould not, indeed, have moreconclusively shown his own want <strong>of</strong>accurate acquaintance with Gaelicidiom than by his maintaining thatsuch expressions as " re iiine bhig,"" fighdar slain te shiorruidh," "thaobhna denchainn theinntich," "air sondo chorruich ghèir," are erroneous.It is unnecessary to refer again atpresent to the use <strong>of</strong> the genitivebefore another genitive, as I intendto disciiss that usage, as soon as convenient,in my Notes.Your correspondent, I suspect, isnot better acquainted with Gaelicetymology than with Gaelic syntax.I'uidh."mar dheataich If he means that i in Nibheis is aRev. ix. 2. " . . .àmhuinn mhòir theinntich," not primitive vowel he assumes what he"... mar dheataich àmhuinn niùii'e should have proved ; but if he meansthat i, being one <strong>of</strong> the primitivevowels, must be an original vowelwherever it occurs, and, therefoi'e, inNibheis, he forgets, if he ever knew,that i frequently originates from'affection' <strong>of</strong> other vowels.Alexandee Cameron.Renton, 18th Nov., 1873.MONUMENT TO IAIN LOM.Our readers will remember a discussionin our columns some timeago, originating with our Nether-Lochaber corresjjondent, as to IainLom's merits as a bard, and as tohis place <strong>of</strong> burial. Cnuc-Ainyeal inK'dl-Chòirreal <strong>of</strong> Brae-Lochaber wason all hands finally agreed upon as
—018 THE GAEL. December. 1S7.3.the spot wherein rested all that wasmortal <strong>of</strong> Iain Maiuitach. Of amonument to be immediately erectedto the great Gaelic Bard's memoi-ywe are glad to give the followingnotice ; and we may here .state thatin addition to a subscription <strong>of</strong> £5in money, from Mr. Rankine <strong>of</strong>Melbourne, Australia, the Rev. Mr.Stewart has got a written guaranteeiov fifty jyoiiiids more, should they be"Here in Dùn-aingeal,Lochaber,in the Braes <strong>of</strong>required, for a monument to be The Bard <strong>of</strong> Keppoch is veiy fast asleep :His name is John Macdonald, John theplaced over the aslies <strong>of</strong> anotherBareGaelic bard and Celtic scholar <strong>of</strong>;John the Bare ; but by some called Johnnote, namely, Ewen Maclachlan, <strong>of</strong> the stammerer."Aberdeen, in the old burying-gi'ound<strong>of</strong> KiU-a-Mliaodain <strong>of</strong> <strong>An</strong>lgour.The memory <strong>of</strong> Iain Lorn is stillfresh in the Highlands, and his son'gsand satix-es are widely known. Themonument to his memory has beenfinished, and is on sight at the works<strong>of</strong> Messrs. Davidson in AcademyStreet. It is <strong>of</strong> Govesea, Burghead,freestone, one <strong>of</strong> the most durablestones in the kingdom. It is tenfeet in height, and is to be placedupright like the ancient stones <strong>of</strong><strong>Scotland</strong>, <strong>of</strong> which it may be said tol)e in style and outline, though notin detail, an imitation. The face ishighly ornamental in relief. At thefoot is a raised plate with the followinginscription.'' <strong>An</strong>' so 'n Di'in-aingeal am Braigh Lochabair,Tha Bard na Ceapaich gu troui 'na cliadal;'S e Iain Lom Mac Dhòmbniiill b'àinni da,Iain Lom ! ach theireadh iad lainJVIànutacli.Over this comes the Bard's emblem—the luu'p—and from the outeredge at this part is started the" Calvary," or steps leading to thecross, sharpl}' and effectively moulded.From the top stei) springs the shaft<strong>of</strong> a Celtic cross, delicately wroughtout, and from it flow in bold gracefullines, ornamentation <strong>of</strong> thepassion flower with leaves intertwined.Around the head <strong>of</strong> tliecross are circles— one being a ring<strong>of</strong> laurel, and another letters inrelief, the words being " Iain Lom,Bard na Ceapaich." The spacesbetwixt the latter circle and arms <strong>of</strong>the cross being filled up with runicknot work. The English <strong>of</strong> the iuscrptiongiven above is—The memorial has Ijeen commissionedby Mr. Charles Eraser-Mackintosh<strong>of</strong> Drumraond ; designed by Mr.Rhind, architect JInverness ; andexecuted by Messrs. D. & A Davidsonin very good taste. InvernessCourier.A Veteran' Highlander.—In thebattle before Quebec, which terminatedin the reduction <strong>of</strong> that town, when thecommand <strong>of</strong> the army had, by the death<strong>of</strong> General Wolfe, devolved on GeneralTownshend, he observed an old Highlanderin front <strong>of</strong> the army, laying aboutwith the most surprising strength andagility, bearing down all opposition, till,almost sjjent with fatigue, he retiredbehind a breastwork <strong>of</strong> dead bodies.After resting a short time, he stripped <strong>of</strong>lfhis coat, which encumbered him, andreturned to the charge with new vigour.The general, full <strong>of</strong> admiration at hisintrepid behaviour, ordered him to be.brought before him after the engagement;and having bestowed on him the enco-'miunis which his gallant conduct merited,he asked him hoAV he could leave hisnative country and follow the fortune <strong>of</strong>war at such an advanced age. He re2Jliedthat his hatred to the French for theirpertidious conduct on many ocoasions hadmaile him leave his family at 70 years <strong>of</strong>age, as a volunteer, in order to berevenged on them before his death ; andhe hoped on that day he had not disgracedhimself, his king, or his country.General Townshend was so much pleasedwith the magnanimity <strong>of</strong> the brave fellowthat he brought him home with him, and
•December, 1873. THE GAEL. 319Kelt is written or spoken instead <strong>of</strong> Celt." Ijut in itself sweet, expressive,— Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Blachie. and powerful in its simplicity,natural,He ex-presented him to ilr. Pitt, by whom he Fort-William.— Capture <strong>of</strong> a Largewas introduced to his Majesty, who Skate.—A monster skate, measuring 6iimmediately gave him a lieutenant's by 5 feet, and weighing upwards <strong>of</strong> 120commission, with the liberty <strong>of</strong> serving in lijs., was caught by a fisherman <strong>of</strong> theany corps he mit^bt choose, or to retire to name <strong>of</strong> John Macmillan while fishing onhis family and friends, with full pay duringLochiel recently. It had attempted tohis life. The name <strong>of</strong> this gallant swallow a common bream, hooked on oneHighlander was Malcolm !Macpherson, <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> the fisherman's hooks, and was itselfPhones, in Badenoch. His broadsword, hooked on the spines <strong>of</strong> the bream.with which he so nolily revenged himself The 42d for the Gold Coasx.—Theon his country's foes, had descended from 42d Highlanders are about to depart fromfather to son as a pai-ticiilar legacy for Portsmouth garrison for the West Coastupwards <strong>of</strong> three hundred years.<strong>of</strong> Africa. The Highlanders will go outas a regular fighting regiment ; the bandis to remain at home, with the exception,it is believed, <strong>of</strong> the pipers. No horses areNEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDto be taken, and each <strong>of</strong>licer will beISLANDS.allowed only 50 lb. weight <strong>of</strong> luggage.Dornoch.—The Duke <strong>of</strong> Sutherland It is not yet known what uniform theypresented the Eev. Charles 3klacgregor, are to wear. The available strength <strong>of</strong>JNI.A., minister <strong>of</strong> the parish <strong>of</strong> Ardoch, the regiment will be over 600 men.to the church and parish <strong>of</strong> Dornoch. Macpherson and O.ssian.—A corresjjondent<strong>of</strong> Notes and Queries sends theCallerxtsh.—At a meeting <strong>of</strong> theRoyal Archfeological Institute in London, following from the back <strong>of</strong> the title. pagesketches <strong>of</strong> the stone circle at Callemish, to an edition <strong>of</strong> Ossian:— "F.C. EraserIsle <strong>of</strong> Lews (drawn by Mr Carrington) <strong>of</strong> Lovat, Esq., told me that he was informedby the Eight Eev. Bishop Mac-were exhibited by Mr Loden Smith. MrChurch gave a description <strong>of</strong> the temple, donald, that Mrs. Eraser <strong>of</strong> Culbokie, towhich he said was the most remarkable his certain knowledge, had MS. copies <strong>of</strong>he ever saw.several <strong>of</strong> Ossian's poems long beforeEmigr.ìtion to Canada.—Mr Arch Macpherson published them, that sheand Mr Clayden arrived at Leamington lent them to Macpherson, but he neverlast week from Canada. They believed returned them :—F. C. Hussenbath, Aprilin Canada being most eligible for the 12, 1828."emigrating <strong>of</strong> agricultural labourers, but A Plea for Teaching Gaelic inowing to the present stagnation <strong>of</strong> trade Schools.—On Nov. 5, Rev. Archibaldin America, he considers it would be Farquharson, <strong>of</strong> Tyree, delivered a lectureinjudicious for artisans to emigrate.— in the Association Hall, Inverness, underInverness Courier.the title <strong>of</strong> " Highlanders at Home andAlexander Ma.cdokald and Iain Abroad, including a plea for teachingLom'.s Poem.s.—Dr M 'Galium, Millpoi-t, Gaelic in our <strong>National</strong> Schools." Rev.is now editing, for Messrs Maclachlan iSt Mr. Macgregor was in the chair, andStewart, a new edition <strong>of</strong> the poems <strong>of</strong> introduced the lecturer in a Gaelic speech.Alexander Macdonald (vUastair Mac- j\Ir. Farquharson began by avowing himselfa true Gael ; he would not part withMhaighstir Alasdair). We understandthat Mr. D. C. Macpherson is also engagedhis Gaelic for "the lands <strong>of</strong> wide Breadal-in editing an edition <strong>of</strong> the Life bane;" and he had himself composedand Poems <strong>of</strong> Iain Lorn, to be published eighty poems in his native language. Thebj' the same firm.lecture was a homely, patriotic and forcibleargument for the proper teaching <strong>of</strong>Celtic oh Keltic.— "According tothe fixed traditional law <strong>of</strong> English Gaelic to the young. Mr Farquharsonorthoepy, Greek and Latin proper names objected to the way in which Gaelic iscommencing with K, or its equivalent ( !,<strong>of</strong>ten translated into English. For example,when followed by a s<strong>of</strong>t or slender vowel,calling the "Gael," Highlanders;are written with a C and pronounced like the name " Gael" was as distinctive andS. It is by virtue <strong>of</strong> this law that we say applicable as "French" or "German."Cicero and Cwmr, not Kilero and Kcesar. But a greater grievance was the exclusionIt is therefore a wretched afi'ectation <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> Gaelic from national schools, and herecent scholars, and directly contrary to urged the preservation <strong>of</strong> a language notthe genii;s <strong>of</strong> the English language, when only ancient and native to the country,
THE GAEL. Dtcemlìer, 1S73.patiated upon the beauty <strong>of</strong> its vowelsounds, showing how many were peculiarto the language, or at least entirelydifferent from the Engli;
—;—IT. Leabh.] TREAS MIOS A' GHEAMHRAIDH, 1874. [23 Air.A'BHLIADHN'UR.Tha <strong>An</strong> Gaidheal, leis gach deadhdliui'aclid, a' cur failte air a chairdeau's a Ir.chd-eolais anns gach cearnd'an chruitheachd—Bliadhna mbath,ur dhuibli, agus moran diubh ! Thadorchadas air laidlie air an t-seanabhliadhna; tha i air sioladh as guionad na di-chuimhne, agus a' ghriauair eirigh air bliadha' uir. Thagleadhraich agus cridhealas na Callainueair toirt aite do 'n fhailte 's do'n fhuran a tha air bileaa gach neach,a' guidhe soirbheachaidh d' a cheile rena bliadhna air am bheil iad a nis airinntreachdainn. <strong>An</strong>ns a' ghuidhe sodh' aontaicheamaid le hin dealas arcridhe agus ar gaoil. Cha'n fhios duinnciamar a chaidh dhuibh ann ur dachaidhibhfa leth bho 'n dh' eirich grian naBliadhn' uir mu dlieireadh,—co dhiua bha ur cor aoibhneach no dubhachCO dhiu a bha gach ni ag eirigh leibhmar ur miann—ur cuid 's ur cairdeaua' fas, agus ur cursa a' dearrsadh leneamhnaidean lainnireach an t-soirbheachaidh; no ma bha bàs agusbochdainn a' bualadh aig dorus urfardaich, agus ur cridhe air a lubadh's air a bhrutliadh le doilgheas agus na bliadhna le a mhaitheas.le bron. Cha bhuin e dhuinne ar Ged a b' e so aogas coitcheann nacas a chur an taobh a stigh d' an bliadhna 'chaidh seachad, cha robh i.chearcall dhiomhair a tha a' cuairteachadhur teaghlaichean fa leth. calldaichean ro dhiubhalach air tir,gun tachartais ro mhuladach. Bha" Is aithne do chridhe duiue seai'bhas agus, gu sonruichte, air fairge'anama ; agus 'n a aoibhneas cha bhicomh-roinn aig coigreach."Bha e 'n a chleachdadh aig nah-Ixidhaich o shean, an iiair a bhiodhiad air thuras, a' chiad oidhche 'churseachad air ionad ard ann an sealladhan aite a dh' fhag iad, agus rannsachadha dheanamh dh' fheuch an d'fhag iad ni no neach as an deigh, m'an leigeadh iad as an t-sealladh ant-aite sin air an d' thug iad cul, agusma dh' f haoidte nach faiceadh iadtuille. Air a' mhodh cheudna dh'iarramaide, air ciad latha na Bliadhn'uir, a tha dhuinn mar chloich-mhilea' comhari'achadh a mach mar tha arbeatha a' ruith air falbh, agus anfhad 's a tha sinn mar gu 'm b' eadhfathast an sealladh air a' bhliadhna adh' fhag sinn, ar suil a thilgeadh airais air an t-saoghal, agus beachdachadhair tachartais shonvuichte nabliadhna a tha 'nis air a h-aite aghabhail am measg bhliadhnaibh nah-aimsir a threig.Bliadhna shealbhach, nach faodamaida radh rithe ; nach do mliealsinn an coitcheaiui mar dhuthaich rena bliadhna, soirbheachadh nach facasach beag riamh a leithid? Bhaceird agus cosnadh pailte;ged bhaan t-sid re an Fhogharaidh flinch, cha'n urrainnear a radh gu 'n robh androch bharr againn ; bha iasgach ansgadain mor agus math—nithe a bu^choir taingealachd a thogail ann arcridheachan dhasan a tha a' orunadh^luingis a' ruith a cheile fodha, agusan luchd priseil de dh-eilthirich agusde luchd-turais, gun sanas mionaide,air an tilgeadh 'n an ciadan ann angrunnd a 'chuain.M' an i-obh a' bhliadhna ach gleog, chaochaU Imjjire mi-fhortanach21
—!•322 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas ilios a' Gheamhraidh, 1874iia iùaiuge, aim an Sasunu. Cliuiran Si)ainnt cul ris an rigli og athaghar leis an t-sluagli o cbiounbbeagau bhliadliiiaiclieau. Cliaill a'Ghaidliealtaclid au uii-yih aon d' asar sgoilearau Gaidhlig, an t-OllamliUixamacli Mac - an - Toisich Mac-Aoidh a cliaocliail ann am Fortohdloair an 17ni]i la de mhios Maigh.Mil mheadtion an Earraich tlioisichcogadli truaillidli eadar siuu feinagus cuid de threubhan dublia aguscealgach Africa, na h-Ashantees. Chad' tliaiuig e fathast gu cricli, ach anis o 'n chuireadli a nunn am Freicectdaudubh agaiuu fein, tha docliasagainn nach f liada 'slieasas Freiceadaindimbha nan Africanach an lathair" Gbillean an fheilidb." A macli oso fein tha sinn ann an sitii ris a'chorrd' an t-saoghal, agus coltas air ant-sitli a bhi maii-eannach.<strong>An</strong> uair a slieallas siun air ar n-aisair na sochaireau mora agus lionmliora sliealbliaicli, agus a mliibhuilichainn air a' bbliadhna 'chaidhseacbad, tbigeadb e dbuinn sinn fein'irisleacliadb 'n a latbair-san a tbagacb latba a' dortadb a nuas abheannacbdan air gacb math agusolc ;agus aim an sealltainn rombainnair a' bbliadbna a tba 'nis airtoiseacbadb, bhuineadb e dbuinn abbi 'g iarraidb a stiuraidb fein acbum agus gu 'n caitbeamaid i 'n asbeirbbeis. Is ann mar so a mbain,agus a reir 's mar a cbaitbear i anna blii a' leantainn iartasan agus areacbdan— a' seacbnadb an uilc agusa deaiiamb a' mbaitb, a bbios i dbuinnda-rireadb 'n a BlUuulhna vihailh,uir.Comhdbuinidb sinn le 'bbi a' cursios raiiuan freagarracb do 'n am lear caomli-cbaraid Mac-Oidhche—BLIADHNA MHATH, UR.Bliadhn' eile theich air mheadlion oiiihch',Qliluai.s uaiuu gun fhuaim i^nn ghlaorlh ;'N a b-aoiiar 'dol gr. siorrnidb'\'ichdMar thaibhs' gu cuan gun ghaoitb.Am math 'a an t-olc 'chaidh chur angniomh,Leath' 'n teid iad sios 'n an deann ?Cha teid, ach ruith'dh o bliadhn' gubliadhn',Mar shiutli o ghleann gu gleaun.Ki math, 's cha'u aim ri olc, their thi'i,—Bliadhna mhath, ur !'S smuaintich fein a's roghnaich fein,Co riagh'lt dhuit feiu a 's fearr,'Bhi deananih maitli a reir do threis,No 'triall air slighe chearr.Tilg iiainihdeas uait m' an abuich e,'S m' am fas e dhuit mar Ion,Ach mar ghath-ghrein' air liime dhuirch'Bi thusa 'n tigli a' bhroin,A's abair ris a chridhe chiùirrt',—Bliadhna mhath, urDroch chleachdainn tilg gu buileach uait,A's mi-run fag ad dheigh ;Gleidh math ad ghlaic ach 0, an t-olc.Fag leis a' bliadhna 'threig.Each sios troimh amaimaibh a dh' fhalbhMar troimh ghleann dorch nan craobh ;Thoir as gach eiseimpleir a 's fearr,A's gleidh iad dlu ri d' thaobh,'8 mar sin ri d' chridhe fein their thù,—Bliadhna mhath, urDONKCHA CAIMBEUL.VI.Air do Dbonncba a bbi 'dluthacbadbri sratb a dbutbcbais cboiuuich eri 'atbair a' gabbailasbraid-fbeasgair,le 'cbeaiin crom agus le ceum atbaiseacb.Clia d' tbug- e an aire doDbonncba 's au dol seacbad. " Fea8-gar inaitb dbuibb," ars' esan ; chlisg'atbair, agus sbeall e 'n a aodann lesuil luainicb, neo-umbailicb. ''Feasgarniaitb, feasgar maitb," ars' esan,agus e a' suathadh a bbatbais le'lainib, agiis a' gabbail air adbait.Ruuaicb Donucba uacb deanadli se efein aitbnicbte gus am faiceadb ecionruis a bba cuisean a' seasamhtimcbioll an tigbe. Bhuail e gudiblidb aig au dorus-cbuil airsoucairtealan oidbcbe, ni a fbuair e gnuHÒradli. Ki b-uiue, tboisich e airsaor-choualtradb ris na seirbbisich.Cha b' fhada gus au d' tbaiuig »
Treas Mlos a' Gheamliraklh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 323mhuime agus a phiuthar a stigli 'uam measg-. Thug- e fainear gu 'urobh a mhuime Ia:i de 'n straic, agusde 'n uabhar aiueolach sia a cbitheargii trie anns a' phrabar a gheibhtogail snas gu iiibhe uach 'eil dligheacbdboibb. Bb' ar leis, gu 'n robbrud-eigin taitiieacb arm an giulan apbeatbar, ged bba i, 'reir coltais, aira riagbladb gu buileacb le 'matbair,a' teagasg dbi bbi di-measach air ah-atbair, air a cbairdean, agus air gacbneacb 'bu toigb leis. Air dbi a bbia' fritb-cbombradb ri Donncha, oirtbalaidb i ris o 'n cbeud sealladb afbuair i dbetb, tbaiiiig a b-atbair astigh do 'n Chitsinn. " A Lexy,gbaoil," ars' esan, " am faca tu mospeuclair?" " Cbunnaic," ars'ise;" Bba e air do sbrou aig àm-braiceis."" Db' f baodaiun," ars' esan, " a bbih-atbair aosda a fbreagairt mar sin."'• <strong>An</strong> e esan," ars' ise, " co nach'eil coma air a shon ?-—seann slaodairegun fbeum, breisleacbail, gearanacbneo-tboilicbte, ni 's miosa naleanabh beag." " Ach smuainticbair 'aois," arsa Donncha; "is docbagu 'n d'tbainig ioma crois a's call 'na charamh, a gboirticbeadb uadurduine a b' oige na e. Bu choir dhuitse,air gacli acbd, a bbi caombail, urramacbagus speiseil mu d' atbair." Bbaa' bbaintighearna a' farcluais orra,agus thill i 'stigh far an robh iad." Oganaich mbaitb, is beag na cbualatu dbetb," ars' an seann duine, " O,na 'm b' fbios dbuit mar tha mochridbe 'g a fbàsgadb air uairibb ; isiomacall a tbainig ormsa, da-rireadb."" 0, do cballdacbsa," arsa 'bbean ;"cbad'tbainig call riamb ortnachrobbchum do bhuaunacbd aig a' cheannmu dbeireadb." " Am bbeil tbu'meas mar neoni," ars' esan, call momhnatba agus mo mbic ionmhuinn'?"" Ach nach d' fbuau- tbu bean agusnigbean ghradbach 'n an aite ? " ars'ise,— "nigbean nach milldocbuidmardbeanadb mac strodbail, agus bean aghabbas curam dhiot, 'n uair nachurrainn dbuit fein sin a dbeanamh ;call do mbic, gu dearbb ! B 'e sin ambeannacbd is mo de na tbainig riambort." " A bbean cbruaidb-chridbeacb"! ars' esan, " co aig am bbeilfios nach aisigear fbatbasd air ais ammac sin a dbion ceanii liath 'athar,agus gu a leagail le onoir fo'n uir."Sbil a dheoir, agus gbuil e marleanabh. Thoisich a bbean ri focbaidair, agus a nigbean 's na seirbbiaicb, rigaireacbdaich. " A bbeistean guncinnteacb ciod a' gbne fbreagraidb a mbodb 's gun iochd " ! arsa Donncha,gbeibbiiin uaitse." " Cia mar is agus e ag eirigh 'n a sbeasamb, 's 'gurrainn dbuit labbairt ri d' atbair air am putadh a tbaobb ;" an daua leibhaleitbid sinde dboigb,"arsaDonucba; a bbi mar so ri fanoid air faireachduinneaTiseann duine, eadboin ged" na 'm bitbinnse 'n a aite, cbuiriuntbu far an ionnsaicbeadb tu barracbd nach b' e ur tighearna agus ar maigbistira bhiodb ann ? ach tbugaibhmodba. Cba mbaitb a tbig e dombnaoi-uasail oig, eireacbdail, a an aire ! ma tha aon 'n ur measg aigam bbeil a chridbe a leithid de tbàmailta thoirt dha an deigh so, rostaidhmi air an teine e." Dblutbaicb anseann duine ris, agus sbeall e gumuladacb 'n a aodann. " A bhaigeirbbeadaidh ladarua ? " arsa 'bbaintighearna," am bbeil fios agad co ri'm bbeil tbu a' labbairt ? " Thionndaidhi ris na seirbbisich, agus dh'orduich i a' bbiast a cbur a mach asan tigb agus gacb cu a bba 's antigh-cbon a stuigeadh ann. " Air d'athais, air d' athais, mo dbeaghbhean-uasal," arsa Donacha, " thoiran aire nach ann a tbionndaidheasmise tbu- fein a mach as an tigb so."" Mo chreach, mo cbreach! oganaichchaoimb," ars' an seann duine, " isbeag tha 'db' fbios agad ciod a thatbu 'deanamb ; as uchd trocair, bisambach ; tha tbu' togail diogbaltais
824 AN GAIDHEAL. xreas Mios a* Gheamhraidh, 1874.agus aiuihleis dbuit feiu agus dhoiuhsa."" Na biodh eagal oirbh dhethsiu," arsa Douucha; " dionaidh misesibli air cliosd mo blieatha." "Amfaod mi 'fbeoraicli," ars' an seaiindniiie, " CO thu, uo ciod is aiiimdlinit Ì " " Is sibbse 'dh' fhaodas,"ai-sa Doniicha, " cha 'ii 'eil e beo 'g ambheil a' choir cheudiia ui sam bithfheoraich dliiomsa 's a tli' agaibhse :is mise Donucha Caimbeul, wv inac"feiii !" " M-m-m-mo mbac feiu !ars' an seami dnine, agus le clisgeadhbuaireasacb tbiiit e ann am paiseanadhair suidheacban a bb' air acbul-tbaobh. Ghlac D.onncba e'u a gbairdeinibh ; tbainig e tbuigegun dail, agus dh' iarr e airDouncha a chos dheas a rusgadb,air an robh da bball-doraiu fo 'ughluin ; agus air dha siu a dheanamh,phog'atbair e,leagea cheannair'uchd,agus gliuil e le aoibhneas. " DheNeimh "! ars' esan, " is fada o 'u adh' fhogbhiim mi 'bhi taiugeil airsougach trocair, acb a nis tha mi taiugeilda-rireadh, oir fhuaradh leam mombac, m' aou mbac ionmhuitm."Sheall a' bhaiutigbearua agus uaseirbhisicb an aodaunaibb a cbeile,gun smid as an ciun, ach cbaidbLexy air bainidh le gairdeachas gu'n d' fhuaradh a b-aoii bbrathair;agus a leithid de bbrathair—ch<strong>of</strong>earail, cho eireachdail agus chotaitueacb 'n a gbne 's 'u a ghiulan.<strong>An</strong>ns a' cheud dol a mach, bba'mathair air bboile le feirg agus leduil-bhristeadh ; ach air dhi deaghfliios a bhi aice nach robh foidbpeach a bhi an eiseimeil Donnchai,nochd i dha gach caoimhneas agusurram a bu dligheach dha. Fbuaire gun dail gach iii fo 'mharasglachadhfein, agus fbuair e mach, abharr air an oighreachd a bhi saoro fhiachan, gu 'n robh suim mhorairgid aig'atliair a mach air riadh, fobbaiintaibb cuinteach, tearuinte.Aig an am ud 's an robh gachfardoch a's bothan air oighieachdGhliuu-eilicb, Ian gairdeachais agusfleadbachais, bha trioblaidean agusmi-fhortain a' tuiteam, muin airmhuiu, air teaghlach in' atharsa, Abharr air caochladh fhreasdalanmishealbhach a tbainig'n a charamb,tbainig e a dh-aou bheum gu dorusna baigeireachd le 'dhol an urrasairsoncaraid mealltaich, ann an suimnach robh ri 'chul d' an t-saogbalna dhioladh i. B' eiginn gach ni abha'n a sbeilbh a thoirt suas focheannas luchd-lagba. Cbaidb sinneuile gu'r dichioU a dheanamh nacuid a b' f hearr de 'n t-suidheachadhanus an deach' ar tilgeadh, ach threiga mbisueach 's a thabbacbd m'athair,ach beag gii buileach. Thug MairiItarrachd oiriin' uile, le a gniombachasdealasach ann am marasglachadhgijothuicbeaii an fbearaiun, aguseadboin le a comhairleau ci'ioniitageurchuiseach mu nithibb eile. Butrie a smuaintich mi mu 'n am ud,gu 'm b' ulaidh luachmhor a leithidde mhiiaoi, do chompanach adhartachd' am biodh fior ghradh aice. A dh'aindeoin ar'n uile oidhirpean, cha b'fbada gus an d' thainig" ar teauntachdgu aon-cheami ; fbuair m' athairlitir agartais airsou suim nach buchomasach dha a dhioladh; agus bhafiugbair againn, latba an deigh latha,gu 'n tugta uaiun e, agus gu 'n cuirtam priosan e.Latba de na laithean, air dhuinn abhi 'n ar suidbe 'n ar seomar beag, a'cur ar combairle ri 'cheile ciod adbeanamaid, cha b' urraiim sinntighiim gu codlmnadh sam bith, oirbha ar cor eudochasach da-rireadh.Thuit sinn ann an seorsa breislich,ach air do 'u uinneig a bhi togta,'chuniiaic sinn sealladh a thug gradchlisgeadh dhuinn, agus a licm gachci idhe le doruinu—da mbarcaiche 'nan deanu-ruith a' deanamh direachair an tigh. "So na maoir a tig'binn,"arsa uio mhathair, "ciod a ni tiiaVÌ
;;Treas llios a' Gheamhraidh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 325Dh'eirich siim uile a dh-ionnsaidhna li-iiinueige; ghlaodh gach aon," Slid am fear-lagha air thoiseach,agus am maor'n a dheigh." Dh'asluich mo mhathair air m 'atliair e'dhol as an t-sealladh, agus e feiii'fholach, gus an rachadh a' cheudstoirm seacbad.•'Cha 'n fliag mi,"ars' esaii, " laracli na 'm bonn ; cbad' riim nil ni sara bith de 'm bheilnaire orm ; seasaidh mi ri aghaidhan fhir is fearr dhin ; deauadh iadna 's urrainn iad." Mar sin, cbarobh dad 'n ar comas ach suidbe marblia sinu, a' feitheamh ris na bba gutighimi. Gun dail, cbuala siniitartar nan each aig an dorus. " ASbeumais," arsa m' atbair, " 's e isfearr dhuit dol agus seasamh aigciim na 'n eacb, o nach 'eil neacbeile aig laimh a sheallas 'n an deigh."" Ma 's 6 ur toil e," arsa mise," feitbidh sinn gus am buail iad aigan dorus." Ach air eagal gu 'nrachadh a chobhartach as, cba dobhuail am maor aig an dorus, leum e'stigh gun chead, gun chuireadhchaidh farum a chos air an urlar,ach le fiamh ghaire, dh' iarr e gu 'ngabbadh i a leisgeul ;gur h-e a bhaannsan gille-coise Tighearna Ghlinn-mar shaighid tbeiniitich troimh gachci-idbe ; ann am priobadh na sul bbae stig'h 'u ar measg. — Co a bh' ann,ach Donncha ! ar Douncha caomh, eilich.gradhach fein. Sgread agus chlisgna boirionnaich car tiota, ach dh'eirich m' athaii- gu grad 'n a chodhail.Cha bu hiaithe a ghlac e laudi dheasDhounchai, na 'bba mise an crochadhri 'laimh chli, agus da lamh momhathar mu 'mhuineal. <strong>An</strong>n antiota sbeall e mu 'n cuairt, leag' e ashuil air Mairi, agus i 'n a seasamhann an oisinn de 'n t-seomar choglaisneulach ri corp, agus air chrithle aoibbneas agus le iogbnadh. Gunnaire no athadh, ghlac agus theannaiche ri 'bbroilleach i, phog e i,agus mu 'u robh fios aice c' aite anrobh i, bha a da ghairdein paisgtemu 'mhuineal. " O Mhairi moghaoil," ars' esan, " cha robh mochridhe aig fois o 'n latha dh' fhagmi tbu ; cha b' urrainn mi smid, dem' inutinn a dheanamh aithnicbtedhuit mu 'n d' fhalbh mi, gus amfaicinn cionnus a bha cuisean airthoiseach orm aig a' bbaile." Thuge an sin dhuinn lau chunntas air marfhuair e gach cuis 'n uair a rainig ea dhachaidh, agus mar dh' fhag e iad'n a dlieigh. Thiouudadh ar dubhachasgu aoibhneas, agus ar teanntaclidgu saorsa j dhi-chuimhnich sinngun dail, gach eiginii agus buaireasleis an robh sinu air ar fiosrachadh,agus fhuaradh sinn, aon uair eile, 'nar coisir bheag, cho chaidreach,shona 's a shuidh riamh le 'cheile.Mu 'u do sgaoileadh anart-buird nadinnearach, ruith Mairi a mach do 'nChitsinn, a dh' atharracbadh a deise,agus a chireadh a ciun. B' e a'cheud ni a choiuuich a suil, duiu'uasal og, sgiolta 'n a shuidbe aig' anteine, le coileir sgarlaid air a chota,agus banu oir mu 'aid. Cha 'n fhacaMairi riamh rohnhe, duin'-uasal ch<strong>of</strong>iuealta ; rinn i 'beic gu lar dha, agusdh' iarr i air a leanailt do'n t-seomarDhi-chuimhnich sinu nUe anduine-uasal a thainig le Donncha,Chaith Donncha agus Mairi greisde 'n f heasgar a' sraidimeachd le'cheile anns a' ghàradb. <strong>An</strong> la 'r-namhaireach, dh' innis e do m' pharantanan gnothuch air an d' thainig e.Air an ath sheacbdain rinneadhDouncha agus Mairi 'n an aon, aiman daimh onorach a' phosaidh. Mu'n tug e air falbh i o thaobb a matharphaigh e gu fialaidh fiachau m 'athargus an fheoirling dheireannach,Chaidh mise 'n an cuideachd do 'nGhaidhealtachd. <strong>An</strong> uair a bha mi'dealacbadh riu gu tilleadh dhachaidhcha bu ghnothuch soirbh echa 'n urrainn mi idir cainnt a chur1 air ua faii-eachduinuean measgaichte
—;——;"— —826 AN GAIDHEAL. XreasMiosa'Gheamhraidh, I874.leis an d' fhag mi mo uihile LeaiiTiacLdaig cumpanacli agus ccimhleapachm' oige, agu3 aig mo pliiuthair cbaoiiighradlaaicb,Baintighearna GLliuueilicb.A' CHRIOCH.MUILEACH.BLAR SHUNADAIL.(Air leantuinn).<strong>An</strong> dara Earrann.Seachdain a's la 'n a dheigh,Bha Mac-Iche ShunadailAig cladach Port an ainii ud,<strong>An</strong> samhchair uiadainn' a' Mhaigh,'S a' chruitheachd 'n a h-ailleachd gachtaobh ;Saoghal nan lusan a' comlidacli nam bruach<strong>An</strong> fhairge an suaimhneas sitk',Gun tonn ri tir 's a h-uchd, mar sgathan,A' dearrsadli ri copan cian nan speur,Sealladh nach aiinaa do na Gaidhoil,'S nach eòl do chach nach faca liamh e.Dh' amhairc am fear mor ri mui r,'S chunnaic e, 'teachd air sruth a' chaolais,Eirlinn fhada le sè raimh dheug,A's fear 'g a stiuradh 's e 'm breacanrioghail na h-Alba.Bha crann ard 'n a meadhon,A's leoghann dearg am brataich leathain,.' ;r Camh an òir gun smal,A' srannail ri cèabhar nan oiteag'A thog gluasad na liirlinn,A' sgoltadh an t-sruith le neart iomram,'S i 'ruith gun fhiaradh air I'ort Shunadail.Leag na coigrich gun dail an acairFar am fac' iad fear ardLe failte 'teachd 'n an comhail'S labhair le guth duineil :" Sonaa do thuius nan Gaidheal,Bhur beatba gu Duu-sgolb !Cha doirbh dhuibh 'fhaotaimi<strong>An</strong> taobh so bhos d' an aouach uaine.A dhaoin-uaisle thigii)h gu m' aite ;Buaidh a's slainte dhuibh mar dh'iarrainii.Ghluais na fir, triuir a's triuir,'S an ceaunard-rùin air an laimh dheis,'S Mac-Iche mor 'n a cheann-iuil,Gu Caraig-au-Duin nach faighear 'aois.Dh' fhosgail fear-faire 'u dorus iaruinn,Eadar an da chreag, 's an robh an sasA liigadan laidir gun mheh-geadliTc iomadh linn, 's agbleidh na CinntirichLo cruadal air iomaclh faiche,<strong>An</strong> iomairt gharg nan cath trieA chuir lamb dheas na h-Alba,Rudha nan ila ghlcann deug a dh' àraichroiimDo chouspuinn gim fhoill Earraghaidheal.Chaidh a' chuideaehd le raodh uaiskanDo sheomar uachdrach nan cuirm,Far an d' thubhairt an ceannard ogAm briathran stolda ri Mac-Iche :—" Mar urram do chleachdamh nan Gaidheal,So an t-am 'a an coir dhuinn 'innseadhCo sinn a's aobhar ar turuia,'n thug thu cuireadh dhuinn gun iarraidhGu aoidheachd fhialaidh ceann-feadhna.'S mise Griogair, Mac Dhomhnuill Ailpeinich,Righ Mhanarun. Sgeula creach a's ainneaii;A tha againn ri innseadh ; fogradh guniochd<strong>An</strong> casgradh gleachd ri naimhdean Uonmhor,A dh'fhag sinn gun tir, gun ni, gun daoine,Am mios deireannach an Earraich ao dh'fhalbh.Gun fios, gun rabhadh,Thainig madainn an amhghair,A thug an sealladh cabhlach nam borb,Lan sluaigh, d' an auaicheantas tuadh a'steine ;Armailt mara a'a tire Ruraich nan creachAth-cliath an Eiriun.Dh' aithnich m' athair bratach dhubh *nfhithich ;Ghairm e 'ghillean gu crois-tara,Rabhadh nan Gaidheal ri am eiginn ;©h' eirich iad uile mar aon fhear ;Thainig iad gu aonach uaigneaohMar a fhuair iad an ordugh ;Dh' iarr m' athair cabhlach MhaiiainnA thoirt gu cladach a' chinn tuath,'S na h-aosmhoir, mnathan a'a clann'Aiaeag gus a' chearn a b' fhaisge 'dh-Albainn,—Gallamha fo sgèith uan tonn,Talamh nan sonn nach do etriochd.Laidir, dileas, gixn fhoill,Chaidh Biim gun mhoille 'n dail nam borb.Fichead m' an aon bha iad ruiim.Choinnich sinn iad an tuinn a' chladaich,Sinne ainneamh 's iadsan lionmhor.Cha d' fhuair ainu diou ach full nanGaidheal,A sheas, mar an abhaist, gun aomadh,Gus an do sgaoil neoil na h-oidhche<strong>An</strong> dubhar thar soillse nan speur.B' eiginn gluasad gu cul cruaich a bhadluth.Far an robh a'chomh-stri ùr 's a'mhadaiun.Glileidh sinn bealach an agrios.Cha b' fhios do na naimhdean ar u-aireamh.Cha do ghearaiu aon aoii no agios.Ghearradh a sice einu 's cha b' aun guueirig ;
'—— —;"Treas Mioa a' Gheamhraidh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 327Thuit sinn gu leir ach da fhichead 's aon.Bha 'n gleannan 'n a chaochaiu dhearg<strong>An</strong> iiair a dh' fhalbh sinnTroinxh 'n doire sgaileachGu birlinn Mhic Iain Ghearr an òb uaigneach,luii-gneanCuraidh uaibhreach a sheas am blar leinn,—;chaidh a chur mar sgaoilas an arra,/)e/(Si07i ashuidheachadh air,Leathaineach laidir, gaisgeil, dileaaagus a chur dhachaidh d' a dhuthaich'S fhear-cinnidh Righ na misnich,Ailein-nan-sop,fein a rithisd. A thuilleadh air aA sheas 'a a bhòidich, Cha ' 'n fh»g mi phension bha Dà'idh a' cur peighinnManainnODoraich an drast 's a rithisd ann anGun lasair a chiir ri Enrach ;rathad aCha dion namha no tiir ammhna, Peigi, le saothair ameirleach !Fhir-chiimidh, fan a's gabh na thig,^ lamhan fein, oir blia e 'n a dhuineCroich, biodag, no tuadh 'a do cheann air turail agus comasach air a lamh aeaiaig,thionudadh ri rud sam bith ; chuireadhe slatMur an dean an cladach ar teamadh'.Macann an cliath no cas amIain Ghearr.—' Fanaidh gus ananail mu dheireadhpoit,—ann an aon fhacal cha mhorCha toir an t-eagal dhuinn bairUnn, a thigeadh cearr air.'S mur am faigh sinn eirig gheibh sinn Bha e, aon latha, a' del air ais lenaigheachdsgaileagan sioda a bha e an deigh aA bheir sinn thairis do na braithrean 1Chaidh an dithist do uamha nam fear chàradhdomhnaoi-uaisileigin,anuair;Rainigsinue G allamha garbh an fhraoich chunnaic e sanas mor sgriobhte air ;a''S Manainn, g-un daoine, fo chis uamhaid. bhalla— a' guidhe gu durachdach airgach aon a bha deonach air beairteasAN CRANNCHUR.a dheanamh a dh-aon bheum, dol agus(The Lottery.)comh-roinn a cheannach gun dail annchionn mu thiiaiream letli-cliiad an crannchur (lottery) a bha gu aitehliadhiiabliaseannduine,d'amb'ainm 'ghabhail an ceann beagan nine annsDà'idli Sùlair, a cliomhnuidh faisg air a' bhaile-mhor lamh riutha. Thug abaile-mor araidb. <strong>An</strong> uair a chiteadh clmdhe leum, oir cha do leugh e acha cbeann liatb, a cheum sgairteil, goirid air 'aghaidh 'n uair a chunnaicagus clio direacli, brosglach 's blia e e gu'm faodadh neachlefichead punnd'g a gbluasad fein, dh' aitbnicheadb Sasunnach a chur a stigh, ficheadaon air bitb gu 'n do chuir e seachad mile punnd Sasunnach a bhuidhinn.cuid d' a bbeatba anns an arm. Thog e ah- gu surdail, liubhair e anTbuit Dà'idb, an uair a bha e 'n a sgaileagan, agus thill e dhachaidh andhuine og, ann an tubaist air choreigin;b' eudar dha a' choimhearsuachd airle ri Peigi. Bha an t-seana chaill-deaniia nam bonn a chur a chomh-'fhagail; ghabh e's an arm, agus gle eacli bhochd cho bodhar 's gu 'n d'ghoirid 'n a dheigh sin sheol e leis an fheum e glaodhaich 'n a cluais lereisimeid do db-Innsean na h-airden-Iar.Cha b' fhada 'chuir e seachad "<strong>An</strong> cual' thu mu 'n chrannchur'uile neart.an so an uaiv a tliuit e ann am fiabhrus,agus chaidh a chur air ais do 'n mhor ud thall 1 Air son ficheadmhor a tha ri tachairt 's a bhaile-rioghachd so. Air do 'n re-isimeid punnd Sasunnach faodaidh tu ficheadmile a bhuidhinn."" Seadh, ach cha 'n 'eil ficheadpunnd Sasunnach agadsa ri 'churann," ars' ise."Cha 'n 'eil, ach tha e agadsa agusis an aon ni e, nach e ?d' am buineadh e tilleadh goirid as adheigh, chaidh a h-oi"duchadh amach do Chanada, far an d' fhuairDà'idh bochd a mheileachadh leis anfhuachd, mar a bha e roimhe air arostadh leis an teas. Am feadh abha e a' seirbhiseachadh ann anCanada, mar a bha am mi-fhortan,no ma dh' f haoidte, am fortan's an.dan da, fhuair e leon ann an aon d'a
nach,gu328 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Miosa'Gheamhraidh, 1874.Cha do fhreagair Peigi car ghreis,agixs a' sill thuiit i gu ciuin gu 'mbu ni eile sin uile gu leir. ThugDa idh suil aingidh oirre agus thuii'te, " Clia'ii è ma tha raise 'cur roaihanan cur a mach anus a' ghnotliacLso."" Clia ni suarach fichead puundSasunnach," arsa Peigi, 's i 'cratliadha ciiin "; is e so na tha againn annsan t-saoghal a bharr air do 2}he/t.sioii.Gabh mo chomhaii-le-se a Dhà'idhShùlair agus na bi ad amadan."" Smaointich thusa air fichead milegini oir," arsa Dà'idh " ; a leithid deluchd ! be 'n earn e ! dh' fhaodamaidsinn fein 'fhalach ann." Charobh Peigi ro chinnteach mu 'nchuis ; bha i a lion beag a's beag a'striochdadh." Falbh agus cluinn ciod a theii*Seumas Mor uime," fhreagair i." Ciod am math dhomh dol antaobh a tha Seumas Mor ann angnothach d' an t-seorsa so," arsaDà'idh. " Cha 'n aithne dha nimu 'thimchioU ; cha do ghabh e cuidanil an crannchur riamh."" Coma CO dhin, cha mhisd' thua chomhairle ;falbh gun dail."" Tha mi toileach," arsa Dà'idh, 'se'togail a chomhdach-cinn; "ach chamhorcudthroma chomhairle. Ghabhadhe leth-chiad d' a leithid a chiiriompaidh air seann saighdear."B' e Seumas Mor a bu thuairnearagus a bu shaor anns an aite. Bhae *n a dhuine fior chrionnta, ghlicagus fo mhor mheas agus urram aiggach duine d' am b' aithne e.Steoc Dà'idh Sùlair direach a suas";bha ag eii'igh o 'n bheii-t, chuir e alamh air guallainn Sheumais. Stade d' a thuairneireachd agus chuiriad failte air a cheile." Tha toil agam do comhairle aghabhail," arsa Dà'idh. " Chnal'thu iomradh, tha mi 'n dull, mu 'n"chraiinchiu* mhor so 1" Chuala, chuala, ach ciod uime?"" Tha thu 'cur a stigh ficheadpunnd Sasunnach agus a' buidhinnfichead mile. <strong>An</strong> comhairlicheadh"tu dhomh 'fheuchainn Ì"Air na cumhnantan sin, comhairlicheadh,air a' h-uile cor."" Gu 'n robh math agad, a Sheumais; bha f hios agam gu 'm b' e so atheii'eadh tu; labhair thu gu seadhail,ach cha 'n eisdeadh Peigi."" Stad ort, ged'tha," arsa Seumas," leig dhomh do thuigsinn gu eeart.Le fichead punnd Sasunnach a chura stigh, tha thu cinnteach ah' ficheadmile 'fhaighinn a mach ?" Cha d' thiibhairt mi gio '?i robhmi cinnteach."" O, tha teagamh 's a' ghnothachniata ? Tha muinntii- eile 's a' chuis"cho math riutsa Ì" Cha 'n 'eil mi cur ag, ach"" "Co mend, a bheil 'fhios agad Ì" Cha 'n 'eil ; cha d' f heoraich mi."" 'S cha mho a ruigeas tu leas,"fhreagair Seumas Mor gudurachdach." Tha thusa a Dhà'idh Shùlair, annad dhuine bochd mar tha mi feincha 'n 'eil e furasda dhuit ficheadpunnd Sasunnach a sheachnadh.Tha e fior gu leoir gu 'm faod thubuidhinn ; ach tha e moran na 'scoltaiche gu 'm faodadh tu call. Dh'a dh-ionnsaidh na beirt-thuairneir iarr thu mo chomhairle, agus f huaiithui"aig an robh Seumas ag obair. Bha echo dil ail- ciod air bith a bha e ris 's " Moran taing dhuit," arsa Dà'idh,an am nach d' thug e an aire do 's e a' falbh ; 's cha robh e idirDhà'idh 'n a sheasamh lamh ris Mu toilichte.dheireadh, an uair a bha a shaod air a " Bha Dà'idh Siilair nine mhoirbhi cho geal ri muilleir no ri fear a m' an do chub.- e iompaidh air abhiodh a mach fo shneachd, leis na mhnaoi chuiseil, 's m' an d' fhuair emion-shliseagau agus an sadach a 'n d' aontaich no gu 'n d' thug i
;—TreasMiosa'Gheamhraidh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 329gnuis do 'n ghnothach; acli mu dheireadli,le 'arguinaidean seolta, cha 'n e'mhain gu 'n do dheai-bh e dhi gxi 'nrobh an ceum a blia e 'cur roimhe'ghabhail glic agus crionnta, ach bhaa' leitliid de bliuaidh aige oirre 's gu'n d' fhas i deich uairean na bii dèinemu 'n chuis ua e fein. Thog i oirresuas an staidhir gun tuilleadh dalach,cliuir i a lauih a suas an simileir asan d' thug i seann stocaidh dhubh faran robh fichead punnd Sasunnacham talach aice ; chuh- i an t-iomlangu toileach ann an laimh Dhà'idh, adh' fhalbh, gun mhoille mionaide, 'sa phaigh an t-airgiod do uihuinntira' chranuchuir, bho 'n d' fhuair e airais caii-t bheag—cairt a bha ann annine ghoirid gu 'chur ann an seilbhair storas mor." C uin a tha an tarruing I'i' bhifdh' fheoraich Peigi." Seachdain o 'n Dimairt so 'tighiun,"arsa Dà'idh." Seachdain o 'n Dimairt so 'tighinnÌ Cha toigh learn sin ; tachraidhe air Latha - gnothach - nacubhaige.""Sin agad a' cheart aobhar air sonan do thagh iad an latha," fhreagaii-Dà'idh 's e a' suadh a lamhan" cuiridli iad fear no dha air gnothachna cubhaige."<strong>An</strong>ns a' bhruidhinn a bh' ann, co'thainig a stigh ach Seumas Mor.Thainig e a chur stad air Dà'idh, 'sa dh' earaileacheadh air gun e 'chura chuid ann an rud a bha choteagmhach agus a bha ag aobharrachadha leithid de sheanchus feadha' bhaile." Tha 'n gnothach a nis deunta,"arsa Dà'idh. " Seall "! 's thug e a'chairt as a phoca. Sheall Seumasoirre gu taireil. " Am bheil cuimhneagad air an t-sean-fhacaU" ars' esan." Cha'n 'eil, ciod el"" Is furasda an t-amadan 's a chuida sgaradh o cheile," thuirt Seumas,'sthug e an dorus air." Ciod e sud a thuirt e ì " dh'fheoraich Peigi." Tha, gu bheil sinn cinnteachduais mhor a bhuidhinn," fhreagairDà'idh Sùlair." Feumaidh sinn gach ni a churfo uidheim uir bho mhullach guiochdar," thuirt Dà'idh agus e 'n ashuidhe aig a shuipeii- an oidhche sin;" cha fhreagair na seana bhuird agusna cathraichean so dhuinn ann arsuidheachadh ùr agus eadar-dhealaichte.Gheobh sinn buird aguscathraichean riomhach, ùra; sgathainmhora agus cuirteanan aillidh m' ancuairt na h-uinneagan. Bidh sinnreidh 's càradh mholtairean a's phoitean'na dheigh sin—agus airson geurachadhshiosar, " Thug e breabdo 'n inneal-gheurachaidh a bha lamhris mar a labhair e, 's chuir e leurchair a dh-oisinn eile 'n tighe e.Chaidh seachdain seachad ; thainigan latha Chuir Dà'idh e fein anordugh moch aii- maduinn a dhol do'n bhaile-mhor.M' an d' fhalbh e thug e do Pheigina seolaidhean a leanas :" Ma theid cuisean mar a tha suilagam, cha tig mi dhachaidh d' amchois, cuimhnich thusa. Thig midhachaidh ann an carbad. Bi thusaa' faireadh ah- mo shon aig uinneiguachdaraich, agus an uair a chi thuan carbad a' tighinn m' an cuairt anoisinn, tuigidh tu gu bheil mi dluth.Togaidh tu 'n sin a suas an uinneagagus tilgidh tu a' h-uile ball airneisair am faigh thu greim, a mach airan t-si'aid ; na caomhain sion ; amach leis gach stob dhi. Tha thu a'tuigsinn, a bheil ? Beannachd leatmata gus an till mise." Thog Dà'idhSùlair air, agus e 'n a bheachd feincheana ann an seilbh air beairteasnach gabhadh tomhas.Choisich Dà'idh Sùlair a stigh do'n bhaile-mhor le ceum aotrom saighddeir.Bha e ann an surd fuathasach;bha a cheann anns na neoi) agus
";'' Ciod e aobhar an gaireachdaich '?mar a bha e a' tartraiuli a aios ant-sraid bheireadh e ban* a bhata anuas le fead a bha 'cur teinc as naclacban agus a'fagail caoir de sliradanas a .1 heigh. Cha robh e ach goirida' ruigheachd an ionaid anns anrobh na croinn ri 'n taiTuing. Bliadumhladas mor shiaigh air ci'uinneachadhcheana. Bha lan-aighearagus mire a' toirt mac-talla as nabaUachan. Cha robh smuairean airaghaidh neach, oir cha do chaillduino aca fathasd air a' chi-annchur.330 AN GAIDHEAL. TreasMioga'Ghetmhratdh, 1374.arsa Dà'idh Sùlarr ris fhein; "ambheil suil aca gu 'm buidhinn iaduile?" agus car tiota dh'eirich seorsade amharus 'n a inntinn mu a shoirbheachadhfein. Thainig fallus fuarair a' smaointeachadh ua 'n cailleadhe ; ach thilg e dheth gach teagamhagus sheas e a dh-fheitheamh naci'ich. Cha d' fheum e feitheamhfada. Thainig balachan beag a stighle cuirneachadh air a shuilean agusaon d' a lamhan ceaiigailte air achulaobh ; chuir e a lamh lomann am bocsa, thug e 'mach cairt agusshin e do 'n chleireach i, a leugh amach a h-aireamh ; an sin thogbalachan air taobh eile an tighecairt as a bhocsa fei.i agus shin e i dochleireach eile, a ghlaodh a mach,"Falamh." Rinneadh so ficheaduair, gus mu dheireadh, an d' thainigda chiad gu leth pimnd Sasunnachair fear eigin. Thog iad iolach ard'n uair a cliual iad so ;ghlac a chairdeanair lamh an duine fortanach airan d' thainig an ciad gu leth, achsheap an dream aig an robh an cairtean" Falamh," as an rathad."" Falamh, falamh, falamh, falamh;is i mo bharail gu bheil iad ach beaguile falamh," arsa Dà'idh ris fein ;" cha 'n 'oil so idir mar a shaoil miciod a dheanainn na 'n tuiteadh dom' chaivt fein a bhi falamh ì Tha 'nt-am agam a bhi a gluasad a choir andoruis."Falamh, falamh, falamh, leth-chiaduair eile as deigh a cheile, agiis a'sin, coig ciad punnd Sasuimach dochuid-eigin. " Falbh," arsa Dà'idh," is fhiach sin rud-eigin, ach is suarache lamh ris na tha suil agamsa'fhaighinn. Ciod sud achualami? 'Se sin anit-aireamh aig a' chairt agamsa,a dhaoiu'-uaisle, ma 's e ur toil e"— is mise ' 77.' " Falamh " ars' ancleireach, agus thuit Dà'idh Sùlairbochd air a bheul 's air a slu-oin,mar gu 'n cuirteadh iirchair ann.Shaoil iad uile gu 'n robh e glanmharbh, ach cha robh. Fhuair iada mach c' aite an robh an duinebochd a comhnuidh ; agus, a thaobhgu 'n robh robh e astar air falbh, thairgduin'-uasal a bha 'lathair a charbadfein gu caoimhueil chum Dà'idhbochd a ghiulan dachaidh. Chuiriad anns a' charbad e 's dh' fhalbhiad leis.Bha Peigi fad uair an uaireadaira' freiceadan aig an uianeig. Achum agus gu 'n rachadli aice na b'fhearr air orduighea,n Dhà'idh a churan gniomli, fhuair i cuideachadli aonde na coimhearsnaich, chruinnich igach stob airneis a bha 's an tighann an aon seomar-mullaich, agusbha i 'nis 'n a suidhe gu foighidinneacha' feitheamh a' charbaid. Mudheireadh, an uair nach mor nachrobh i air toirt thairis, faicidh i ancarbad a' tighinn m' an cuairt auoisinn ! A suas chaidh an uinneagann an tiota, agus a sios chaidh anairneis car ar char air an t-sraid guh-iosal.Cathraichean, buird, sgathain,poitean, clobhachan 's gach niair au ruigeadh lamh, a sios chaidhiad, muin air mhuin, 'n am mireanair a' chabhsair. Bha seana bhodacha' dol seachad aig an am, 's dh'amhairc e suas dh' f heuch ciod a buchiall do 'n fhrois eagalaich, achbhuail gob a' bhuilg-sheididh annsan t-suil e, agus am feadh a bha e 'na laid he a' sporathail thainig nltaoh;
I A;——'lVeas Mio* a' Ghèamhraldh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 331'S iad an glacan nan ramh ;'N uair 'shcinneadh tu 'n duanag,'N sin b' ait learn 'bhi suas riut,'Bhi 'm shuidhe ri 'd ghuallainn'S an t-searrag am laimh.Cha 'n 'eil eadar so 's Ro-agA sheiuneadh leat Morag,'''S tu 'g iomairt le fiiranRamh-braghad an Roecbuir Dà'idb Sùlair gu combfburtacbailair a cbasan a ritbisd. Is ann'N sin their iad ri Ruairidh,0, piseach a 's buaidh ort,mar so a bu choir do dbeadb cboimb-Ruairidh bhig Shabhari, Ho i ho-r6.de shoithicbean creatha 'nuaa air a earsnaicb deanamb r'a cbeile, Cbachaol-druim nach ruor nacli do blirist do cbuir Dà'idb Sùlair agus Peigi aa chuaimli-droma. Ruitli mai'sanda bbean, sgillinn gu bratb tuille anna mach as a bhutli air taobh eile na an cranncbur.^—Mm- do shiubhailsraide 's e 'ciimail a siias a lamhaii 'sd'aniad uaitb sin tba iad beo fbatbasd.a' smeideadh ri Peigi sgur Eadar. le Mac-Mharcuis.obair sgriosaich, act flmaii- e strabhailleadlide cbuiniieig anns an smig- acliuir car dlieth anns^an eabar. Leum RUAIEIDH BEAG SHABHARI,HO I HO-IIO.am miuisteir, duine mor, sultmhor,'s e 'dol seacbad, a nail a chur casgRiimeadh an duanag so leis an OllamhUrramacli Tormaid Mac-Leoid nachair a' bhristeadb iiaraliasacb, 'n uair maireaun, " Caraid nan Gaidheal."tbainig gun drogaid leis a' cbaillicbFailt' air a' ghillea nuas tbav a cbinn, 's gbrad Le 'chaog-shiiilibh biorach,tbug e 'cbasan as le naire. Fad na Le 'chota, 's le 'bhrigiseanh-uine so, agus ann am meadbon Gasda de 'n chlo !]ia'S math dh' aithn'ear air d' aogash-aimbreite bba Dà'idb Sìilair, agus eGur Leodaich do chinne'nis air tigbinn gu 'mbotbacbadh, 'n Siol Thormaid o 'n Eileina sbeasamb anns a' cbarbad a' glaodbaicliAir an laidheadh an ceo.airde 'cbinn 's a' smeideadb ri 0, Aonghais 'Ic Ruairidh,Peigi i a stadj acb sbaoil ise gvir anna bba e ri iolach 's 'g a brosnacbadb;'S tu athair an deadh mhic,'S tu 'dh' fhaodadh 'bhi moiteilNa 'm bitheadh tu beo ;cbuir i roimbpe nacli biodb stob a 'S nach 'eil neach anns an Sgireachdstigb m' am biodb nine aig Dà'idh Clio fharasda, fhinealt'Ri Ruairidh beag Shabhari, Ho i ho-ròiair bbi 'nios an staidbir ; agus gus ando leum e 'atigb mar dbuine air a'cbutbacb 's an do rug e air cbaol dadbuirn oirre, cba do tbuig i ciod abba e a' ciallacbadb. Mu dbeireadbdli' innis e 'n fbirinn bbronacb dbi,'s sbuidb iad le cbeile a cbaoidb anleir-sgrios a tbug an goraicb a nuasorra.Am feadh a bba iad mar so a'tuireadb 's a' bron an cor bochd,tbainig an duine caoimhneil, cneasdasin, Seumas Mor a stigb 'g am misneacbadb.Cba d' thuirt e idirriutba mar a tbeireadli cuid adbaoine," ISTacb d'tbuirt miribb; cba gbabbadhsibb mo cbombairle." Cba d'tbiiirt e iii d' a leitbid, acb 'n iiair acbunnaic e mar bba cuisean, db'fbalbb 6 gun f bacal a radb, cbuir etional beag air cbois, agxis ann anlatha no dba tbrviis e mu tbuaireamda fbicbead punnd Sasunnacb aCha 'n 'eil Cleireach 's an duthaichA 's Ivithmhoire 'shiubhlas ;Gu 'n tabhairt gii pùsadh,Bidh tu dluth air an toir.Cha 'n 'eil Cleireach 's an t-SeanadhCo ro mhaith a stuireasA' bhirlinn troi' chuaintibhNan stuaghannan mor'.'N uair 'sheideas an doinionnNa siuil o na crannaibh,'S a chaillear gach cladachLi sioban 's le ceo ;'Sin eighidh gach maraich',0, 's ro mhaith do ghabhail,A Ruairidh bhig Shabhari, Ho i ho-rò.'N uair 'sheiuneadh tu 'n lorram,'S tu' dhuisgeadh an spiorad<strong>An</strong>n an guailibh nan gillean,
—332 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios a'Gheamliraidh, 1874." "AM BHEIL IAD 'GAM lONNDRAIN DO THEY MISS ME AT HOME.O'X BHAILE?The foregoing translation <strong>of</strong> this songAm blieil iacl 'g am ionndrain o 'n bhaUe ? is by the late AJr. James Munro, authorBu ghaolach le m' chridhe 's an àms', <strong>of</strong> many poems <strong>of</strong> great merit and beautj'',A' chiuut gu bheil gràdhaich a' guidlie, and <strong>of</strong> the well-kno-wTi Gaelic grammar :" U 1 b' fhèarr leiun gu 'u robh i so 'nDo dràstthey miss me at home, do they missAm ! tios gu 'n robh 'n cròileiu mu me?'n teallachA' smuaineachadb orms' tha'Twould be an air falbh,assurance most dear.Dearbh-bheachd gu bbeil ionndrainTo knowaigthat this moment some lov'dl)air omi,onesB' àrd-sliolas gun tomhas an sealbh Were saying, "We wish he were here."!To feelB' àrd-shùlas,that the group etc.at the fireside,Wei-e thinking <strong>of</strong> me as I roam :Oh j'es,'N nair 'chiaras air feasgar—an'twouldtràthbe joy beyond measure.sin,'Tlia coisrigt do 'n dàu—cian nanTo knowcianthat they miss'd me at home.'Blieil neach ann a luaidheas air m' ainmsa,To know, etc.When twilight'S a their, "approaches, the season'S fhad air falbh uaimi mo That evermhiann ? is sacred m song,'S am mothaichear meang anns an òran,'S gun mo ghuth-sa 'bhi 'còmhnadh natèis' ?No 'n dùisg e teud-bliròin anus gach anamMi 'bhi uapa air m' aineol, 'an cèin ?Mi 'bhi uapa, etc.<strong>An</strong> suidhich iad cathair aig bòrd dhomh,'N am èibhnis an teòghlaich 'bhi dlùth,'N uair lasar na coinnlean a' s' t-seomar,'8 na reultan 'b a' ghorm-speur gu ciùin?'N uair 'ghabhas gach aon cead d' a chèile,'S a thèid iad fa leth 'ghabhail tàimh,'M bi cuimhn' air an te 'th' air a h-aineol,'S an guidh iad fo smalan dhomh"slàint'"?'S an guidh iad, etc.A' bheil iad 'g am ionndrain o 'n bhaile,Trà maidne, tra feasgair, no nùin ?'S na thàrmaich neul duthach mun cuaii-tdoi])h,Nach soillsich a ghruaimach moneoil-s' ?'Bheil sùgradh à's mànran cho taitneach,'H a bha cian a b' ait 'bha mi leò ?No 'bheil iad o cheal, o 'n nach dòighdhomh'Bhi 'n caidribh a' chròilein ni 's mo ;'Bhi 'n caidribh, etc.Does some one repeat my name over,<strong>An</strong>d sigh that I tarry so long?<strong>An</strong>d is there a chord in the music.That 's miss'd when my voice is away.<strong>An</strong>d a chord in each heart that awakethRegret at my wearisome stay ?Regret, etc.Do they set me a chair near the table.When evening's home pleasures arenigh.When candles. are lit in the parlour,<strong>An</strong>d the stars in the calm azure sky ?<strong>An</strong>d when the "good nights" are repeated,<strong>An</strong>d all lay them down to sleep,Do they think <strong>of</strong> the absent, and waft meA whispered " good night " while theyweep?A whispered, etc.Do they miss me at home, do they missmeAt morning, at noon, or at night ?<strong>An</strong>d lingers one gloomy shade round them,That only my presence can light ?Are joys less invitingly welcome.<strong>An</strong>d pleasures less hale than before.Because one is miss'd from the circle.Because I am with them no more ?Because, etc.ADHLAICEAN ANN AN CHINADo bhrigh nach 'eil aig muinntirChina dochas an taobh thall de 'nuaif^li, tha iad a' deananili caoidhgun choiiueas as leth an cairdean a'sdillse an am doibh am ba.s 'fhaotainn.Tha gach ni 'g a dlieauamh lo liaghailteagnuidh. Tha 'n niiie, agus ammodh, agu.s meud amhghair an ti ata fo bhron, air an sonrachadh gucxiramach. Tha an corp, air da abhi air a chomhdachadh le sgeadachadhmaiseach, air a chur 'n a
!:!MarTieas alios a' Gheamhraidh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 833shineadh ann an ciste laidir, far ambheil e air a ghleidheadh air uaclidarna talmhainn re aireimh som-aichtelaitheaa, chum gu 'n siiear na deoirgu frasach tbairis air. Tha nacaii-dean an sin 'g an suidheachadlifein mu 'n cuairt do 'n chiste, a' deanamhmor-chaoidh le bas-bhualadh, le'm folt air a sgaoileadh, le sacendachagus le bhi 'cur am beoil 'san duslach. <strong>An</strong> uair a roghnaichearaite freagarrach air son na b-uaigh,tha i air a cladbacbadh gu dombain,agus tha 'chiste air a leagadh sios gutosdach an lathair nan uile. Tba 'nt-aite an sin air a chomban-achadble tuam riomhacb, air cbumadhcrudb eich, a bhi air a thogail tbairisair, agus ainm an ti a cbaocbail aira ghearradb a macb ana an litrichibbsoilleir. A tbuilleadh air so uile,tha clar-cuimhne aii- a chur suas annan talla nan sinnsear aige, agus db'ionnsuidb sin tbig iad gacb bliadhuachum iad fein umblacbadh an lathairtainnisg nam marbh. Tba iad, aiggacb am air an tig iad ag ullacbadhloin iomcbuidh chum ocras nanspiorad nach f baicear leo a sbasuchadh,air doibb a bhi 'deanamb a macbgu 'm fannuich na spiorada sin, murbi iad mar so air am beatbacbadh.Tba iad anus na teampullaibb aca,a' toirt urraim le 'n uile dburacbd dona mairbb. Chum solar a dheanambair an son, agus chum gacb uireasbbuidha bhuineas doibb a shasuchadhanns an atli shaoghal. Tba iad a'losgadb paipeir a' dealradb le b-or,agus mar an ceudua, a' cur thigbeanagus cbarbadan, a rinneadb le paipeiribboirdbeirc, 'n an teine, anns a'bbai'ail gu 'm bi iad sin uile air ancrutb-atbarrachadb 's an ath shaogbalchum airueisiomchuidh a dheanambdo na tainneasgaibb a tba gun fhuilgun fbeoil ann an saoghalnan spiorad.Tba am paipeir oir air a tbionndadbair an taobb thall do 'n uaigb, guairgiod freagarrach air son feumspiorad nam marbb ! a's aird'ann an inbb an ti a gbeibb has 's annis faide a iiitbear caoidb air a shon.Tha 'n t-Impire ri caoidb re tbribliadhna air son a pbaranta fein,ag'us tba gacb deagb iocbdaran a'leantuinn 'eiseimpleir-san. Tba nab - uachdarain a' toirt tbairis andreucbd ri am na caoidb' 'tba nadaoiue fogbluimte a' sgur dbe 'nrannsacbadh a macb, agus tba nadaoine cumanta a' cur an oibre gutaobbIs muladacb a bbi 'smuaineacbadbair saobb-cbi-abbadh cbo cianailri so ; agus tba e 'n a aobhar taingeileachddhuinne, gu 'n do tbilg anTi a's airde ar crauncluir ann an tirfar am bheil solus Greine na Fireantachda' fogradb an tuigb dborcbadaissin air falbb, agus far am bbeilbeatha agus neo-bbasmhorachd airan toirt chum soluis le Soisgeulsioi-ruidb na sitbeFEASGAR FANN FOGHARAIDH.Tba 'n abbainn ag ialladb troimb 'n gbleann,'S air gacb taobb dbi tba ard-bbeanna cas,Far an cluinnteadb mor-tborman nan allt'A' tearnadh gu calmara, bras,'N uair a sguabas an doinionn am fraocb,'S air an aonacb a db' aomas an fbras.Acb an nocbd anns a' cboire 's beag ceol,'S ciuiu Drain nan srutban m' an cuairtSgiathanach.
——;;!334 AN GAIDHEAL. TreasJfiosa'Oheamlirairlh, I874.Tha gach maol-bhiuiiein caillte 's na neoilA tha 'tuirliug 's 'g an comhdach gu luath;Tha gorm-shnuadh an fheasgair 's a' ghleann,Agus sith Viol gu ard-cheaun nan crnach.Tha feadag ri caoidh air an tornFead lorn, f hada 's cianaile fuaim—Mar thaibhs' air a sguabadli o'n toun,'S e 'freagairt a tromh-ghuth fad' naith,No seanii-treun a riun eirigh bho 'n fhonii,'S a chuir lom-sgrios a dhiitliclia fo ghruaim.0, eala, O, eala mo ghaoilThar mouadh an fhraoich a' dol seach,Tha thu 'stiuradh gu iar-chuau na gaoith,'S neoil mhaoth-gheal a' falach do dhreachj'N ann a' freagradh na faii-g' tha thu 'glaodh'ch?'Bheil a h-anail mu d' thaobh 'tha mar shneachd?Cha chaoidh thu mar mise 's an am ;'S iomadh bard ann an rann 'chuir an ceillMar a dh' fhograr luchd-aiteach nam beann,'S a dh' fhasaichear aros nan treun;O, cha chaoidh thu, oir, agads' gach am,Tha comhnadh na fairge nach geill.Ach c' uime 'bhi caoidh? oir cha tillAr caoidh-ghuth na gaisgich a dh' fhalbh;Ach, sinnte ged tha iad 's a' chill,Cha 'n 'eil iad 's na linnte so balbh;Tha 'n gniomhan a' togail an cinn,'S ag èigh'ch ruinn mar ghuth o na mairbh.Cha 'n 'eil air na Gaidheil ach ceo,Mar neoil air na sleibhtean ud thallO mosglaibh gu Juath aa ur clodh,A's fasaibh mar og-choill' nam beannDeanaibh dusgadh 's na tuitibh gach loMar sheann-choiir gu mointeach nan gleannSGEULACHD AIR MAC-AN-RUSGAICH.(Bho Sgeuldchdan Oaidhealach Le I. F. Caimbml.)Blia tuathanach anu uair-eigin agushha ro dhona cV a sheirbhiaich, agus tral)hio(lh an tim seirbliia nca dluth air a bhiaig crich, gheiljLeadb e leisgeul gu connsachadlia dlieanamli riutlia, 's chuireadh eair fall)!! iad guu tuaraadal. Chuir e airfalbh nioran d' a sheirbhiaich air an doighsiu. Ach bha fear pratail ann d' aui b'ainin Gille - naomh Mac - an - Rusgaich ;chual' c iomradb air an tuathanachMac-Oidhche.dlioirbh, agus thuirt e gu 'n gabhadh esantuarasdal aige ;gu 'n tugadh e car muaeach as— gu 'm biodh esan cho fada muthuath 's a bhiodh an tuathanach mudheas. Chaidh Mac-an-Rusgaich thuiifaidhir na Fcill-groig 'a ghabh e arabh 'na bheul, mar chomhan-adh gu 'ii robh etoileach muiuntireaa a ghabhail. Thainigan tuathanach doirbh an rathad agusdh' fharraid e de Mhac-an-Ruagaioh au
'' C' ChaTrea« Mlot a' Ghejunhraidh, 1874. -A-N GAIDHEAL. 335gabhadh e muiimtireas, agus thuirt Macan-Ru8gaichgu 'n gabhadh, na 'm faigheadhe maighistir math. " Ciod a bhiosagam ri'dheanamh," ars' esan, "ma"ghabhas mi agadsa?" Ars' aa tuathauach,Bidh agad 'ris a' mhonadh a bhuachailleachd": thuirt Mac - an - Rusgaich," Ni mi sin." Thuirt an tuathanach," Bidh agad ris a' chrann a chumail ;" 'bthuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, ''Ni mi eiu."" Bidh ua h-uibhir de ghnothaichean eilaagad ri 'dheanamh cuideachd," ars' antuathanach ; 's thuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich,"Am bi na gnothaichean sin duilich adheanamh?" Thuirt am fear eile, " Chabhi ; cha 'n iarr mise ort a dheanamh achrud a 's urrainn duit ; ach cuiridh mi 'a a'chumhnant, mur freagair thu gu 'm feumthu dàthuarasdal aphaigheadh dhomhsa."Tiuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, "Cuiridh miseanns a' chumhnant ma dh' iarras tu ormrud air bith a dheanamh ach rud a 'surrainn domh gu 'm feum thusa da thuaraadala thoirt dhomhsa." Chord iaduime sin. " Tha mise," ars' an tuathanachdoirbh, ' ' a' cur anns a' chumhnantma ghabhas a h-aon air bith againn ant-aithreachas gu 'n teid iall a thoirt as achraicionn o chul a chinn gu 'shail ;" 'athuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, " Cuimhnich gu'n d' thuirt thu sin, a bhodaich," 's ghabhe muinntireas aig an tuathanach dhoirbh,'s chaidh e g' a ionnsaidh.B' i a' chaid obair a chaidh iarraidh airMac-an-Rusgaich a dheanamh e a dholdo 'n mhonadh a thilgeadh mona. Dh'iarr Mac-an-Rusgaich a bhiadh-maidnem' am falbhadh e, 's nach niigeadh e leastighinn dachaidh air a shon. Fhuair ena bha iad a' lughasachadh de bhiadh dosheirbhisich aig aon trath, 's dh' ith e sin.Dh' iarr e a dhinnear, 'a nach ruigeadh eleas stad aig meadhon latha. Fhuair ean lughasachadh a bha air-son a dhinneireach,'s dh' ith e sin. Dh' iarr e ashuipeir 's nach ruigeadh e leas tighinndachaidh 's an oidhche. Thug iad sin da,'s dh' ith 6 sin. Chaidh e far an robh amhaighstir 's dh' fharraid e deth, ' ' Ciodis abhaist do na seirbhisich agad adheanamh an deigh an suipeireach ?Thuirt a mhaighstir ris, " Is abhaistdoibh an aodach a chur dhiubh ogus dola laidhe." Dh' fhalbh Mac an-Rusgaichfar an robh a leabha ; chuir e dheth'aodach, 's chaidh e a laidhe. Chaidh aV>hana-mhaighstir far a robh fear a' bhaile's dh' fharraid i dheth, "Ciod an seorsagiUe a fhuair thu an sud ? dh' ith e na tritraithean a dh-aon trath, 's chaidh e alaidhe," chaidh a mhaighstir far an robhMac-an-Rusgaich 's thuirt e ris, " C arsonnach 'eil thu ag obair? " Thuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, " Tha gu 'n d' thuirt thu feinrium gu 'm b' e a b' abhaist do d' sheii-bhisicha dheanamh an uair a gheibheadhiad an suipeir, an aodach a chur dhiubhagus dol a laidhe." Thuirt a mhaighstir,'s c' arson a dh'ith thu na tri traitheanmar chomhladh ? 's thuirt Mac-au-Ruagaich," Tha, gu 'n robh na tri traitheanbeag gu leoir gu duine a dheanamh eàthach." Eirich 'a rach gu d' obair," ars' amhaighstir. " Eiridh," thuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, " ach feumaidh mi mo bhiadh'fhaotainn mar ia cubhaidh dhomh, airneo bidh m' obair d' a reir. Cha 'n 'eilorm a dheanamh ach mar is urrainn mi,—feuch a bheil thu a' gabliail an aithreachaisa bhodaicb ? " " Cha 'n 'eil, cha'n'eil," ars' am bodach," 's fhuair, Macan-Rusgaicha bhiadh na b' fhearr 'n adheigh ain.Air latha eile dh' iarr am bodach airMac-an-Rusgaich e a dhol a chumail a'chroinn ann au dail a bha shios fo 'n tigh.Dh' fhalbh Mac-an-Rusgaich ; rainig e faran robh an crann ; rug e air na uaidnean'n a lamhan, 'a sheas e an sin. Thainig amhaighstir far an robh e, 's thuirt e ria,'arson nach 'eil thu a' deanamh antreabhaidh?" Fhreagair, Mac-an-Rusgaich,'n e mo bhargan treabhadh adheanamh, ach a chumail a a chroinn, 'stha thu a' faician nach 'eil mi a' leigeilleis falbh ! " " Na, h-uire 'a na h-uireandanort " " ! Na h-uire 'a na h-uireandan ortfhein a bhodhaich ! a bheil thu a' gabhailan aithreachais de 'n bhargan a rinnthu?" "0, cha 'a 'eil, cha 'n'eil!" ara'am bodach. " Ma bheir thu dhomh duaiaeile air a ahon, ni mi treabhadh," arsaMac-an-Rusgaich. 0, bheir, bheir," ars'am bodac ; 's rinn iad bargan ur m' antreabhadh.Air latha araidh dh' iarr an tuathanachair Mac-an-Ru8ga.ich e 'dhol ris a' mhonadha shealltainn am faiceadh e ni air bith airdochair. Chaidh Mac-an-llusgaicli ris a'mhonadh, 'a an uair a chunuaic e 'thiomfein thainig e dachaidh, 's dh' fharraid a'mhaighistir dheth, "<strong>An</strong> robh gach niceart anna a' mouadh ? " Thuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, "Bha am monadh e fheinceart ; " 'a thuirt an tuathanach, ' Cha 'ne sin 'tha mise a' farraid, ach an robhcrodh nan coimhearsnach air an taobhfein?" Thuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, "Mabha, bha, 'a mur robh leigear da ; 's e mobhargansa, am monadh a bhuachailleachd,'s gleidhidh mise am monadh far a bheile." " Na h-uire 'a h-uireandan ort abhalaichl" thuirt am bodach. "Magheobh mise duaia eile airson an crodh a
;';336 AN GAIDHEAL, TreasMiosa'aheamhraldh, ler*.bhuachailleachd;" 'a thuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich," Ma gheobh raise duais eile gabhaidhmi os laimh, ma chi mi crodb nancoimbearsnacb air a' gbrumid agadsa, gu'n till mi air an ais iad, agiis ma cbi mido chrodhsa air grunnd iian coimbearsnacb,tilbdb mi air an ais iad thun dogbruinnd fein ; acb ged a tbeid cuiddiubb air cball, cba gliabb mi os laimbam faotainn, acb ma db' iarras tu orm delg' an iarraidb, tbeid mi ann 's ma gbeobbmi iad, bbeir mi dhaebaidb iad."Cba robb aig an tuatbanacb dboirbbair acb cordailb ri Mac-an-E,usgaicli, 'sduais eile a tboirt da airson an crodb abbuaobailleacbd : agus bba iad reidb regratbunn 'n a dbeigb sin.Au atb latba 'cbaidb am bodacb e feinris a' mbonadb, cba b' urrainn da nab-aigbean aige 'fliaicinn ; db' iarr e air anson, acb cba b' urrainn da am faotainn,Cbaidb e dacbaidb, 's tbuirt e ri Mac-anRusgaicb, ' ' Is eudar dbuit fein dol a db'iarraidb airson nan aigbean, a Mbic-an-Rusgaicb'; cba b' urrainn mise am faotainnnan aigbean ann an tubbadb an tigbe,"Tbuirt am bodacb, " Ciauiar a tlia tbu agiarraidb nan aigbean ann au tubbadb autigbe, far am bbeil tbu cinnteacb nacb 'eiliad?" Tbuirt Mac-an-Rusgaicb "Tbagu 'n do db-iarr tbu fbein orm an iarraidbfar au saoilinn iad a bbi, agus mi g' aniarraidb cuideacbd ann an aiteacbau farnacb saoilinn iad a bbi ; agiis cba 'n 'eilaite air bitb far an lugba 'tba de sbaoilsinnagamsa iad a Ijbi na ann an tubbadban tigbe." Tbuirt am bodacb, "Na-h unradb 's na b - urcboidean ort, abbalaicb." ^'Tbuirt Mac-an - Rusgaich," Na b unradb - 's na b urcboid«au |ort fein, a bbodaicb, am bbeil tbu a'gbabbad au aitbreacbais gu 'n d' iarrtbu orm na b - aigbean 'iarraidb farnacb saoilinn iad a bbi?" " Cba 'n 'eil,cba 'n 'eil," tbuirt am bodacb; "racba nis agus iarr iad ann an aiteacbanfar am bbeil e coltacb gu 'm faodiad a bbi ann." Ni mise mar sin,"arsa Mac-an-Rusgacb. Db' fbalbb Macan-Rusgaicba db-iarraidb nan aigbeanfbuair e iad, 's tbug e dacbaidb iad. <strong>An</strong>sin db' iarr a mbaigbstir air Mac-an-Rusgaicb 6 a dbol a cbur an tubbaidb airan tigb, 'sea dbeanamb au tigbe cliodionacb 's a b' urrainn da. Rinn Macan-Rusgaicbsin, agus bba iad reidb regi-atbunn na dbeigb.Bba au tuatbanacb doirbb a' dol adb-ionnsaidb bainuse, 's db' iarr e airMac-an-Rusgaicb, au uair a tbigeadb amfeasgar, e a cbur dioUaid air an eacb, 'a e'dbol a db-ionnsaidb tigb na baimise, guesan a tboirt dacbaidb ; 's tbuii-t e ris,' <strong>An</strong> uair a bbitbeas e dlu air da-uairdbeug,tilg damb-sbuil an taobb a bbitbeasan diugb ; acb racb tbusa g' an iarraidb, mi, 's aitbnicbidb mi gu 'm bbeil e dlu air's iarr iad gus am faigb tbu iad." Tbuirt an am gu dol dacbaidb. " Ni mi sin,"Mac-an-Rusgaicb, " C aite an teid mise arsa Mac-an-Rusgaicb. <strong>An</strong> uair a db'g' an iarraidb ? " Tbuirt am bodacb, fbalbb an tuatbanacb thun na bainuse," Racb agus iarr iad amis na b-aiteacban cbaidb Mac-an-Rusgaicb 's cbuir e naanns an saoil tbu iad a bbi, agus iarr iad daimb a stigb do 'n fbaug, gbabb e sgianmar au ceudna auns na b-aiteacban anns tbug e na suilean asda, cbuir e na suilean'snacb saoil tbu iad a bbi." Tbuirt Macan-Rusgaicb,'n a jiboca, 's 'n uair 'tbainig an" Ni mise mar sin mata."Cbaidb am bodacb a, stigb do 'n tigb.oidbcbe cbuir e an dioUaid air an eacb 'acbaidb e gu tigb na bainnse a db' iarraidbFbuair Mac-an-Rusgaicb fàradb, 's cbuir a mbaigbistir. Rainig e tigb na bainnse,ris an tigb e. Cbaidb e 'n aird air an cbaidb e stigb do 'n cbuideacbd 's sbuidbtigb, tboisicb e air spionadb an tubbaidb e gus an rohh e dlu air da-uair-dbeug.bharr an tigbe, 's 'g a tbilgeadb le leatbad Au sin tboisicb e air tilgeadb suil daimbagus m' an d' tbainig am bodacb a macb a air a' bbodacb ann ceann gacb tacain. Muritbist bba an tulabadb, gu acb ro bbeagan, dbeireadb tbug am bodacb an aire dha, 'sbbarr an tigbe, 's na cabair lom, agus Macan-Rusgaicbtbnirt e ris, " Ciod e a tba tbu a' dean-a' spionadb 's a' tilgeadb le amb?" Tbuirt Mac-an-Rusgaicb, "Tbaleatbad a' cborr. Tbuirt am l^odacb, mi a' tilgeadb suil daimb an taobb a tba" Na b-unradb 's na b-urcboidean ort, a tbu cbionn tba e dlu air da-uair-dbeug."bbalaicb, ciod e a tbug ort au tuljbadb a Tbuirt am bodacb, ' ' Am saoil tbu feintboirt bbarr an tigbe?" Tbuirt Macan-Rusgaicb,' ' Tba gu bbeil mi ag iarraidbgu 'n deacbaidb tu a tboirt nan suileanas na daimb? " 's tbuirt Mac-an-Rusgaicb," Cba 'n ann 'g a sbaoilsinn idir a tba mi;tba mi cinnteacb as ; db' iarr tbu fein ormmi 'tbilgeadb suil daimb an taoljb abbiodb tu an uair a bbiodb e dlutb air anda-uair-dbeug, 's 'd è mar a b' urrainn misin a dbeanamb mur tugainn na suileanas na daimb ? " " Na b-uire 's na b-uireaudanort, a bbalaicb," ars' an tuatbanacb." Na b-uire 's na b-uireandan orfoin, a bbodaicb ; a bbeil tbu a' gabbailaitbreacbais gu 'n d' iarr tbu orm a dbeanamb? " " Cba 'n 'eil, cba 'n 'eil," ars' ambodacb : cbaidb iad dacbaidb combla 'scba robb tuUle m' a dbeibbiun an oidbcbe
''—")Treas Jlios a' aiieamhvaidh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL, 387Latha no 'dha an deigh sin, dh' iarr amhaighistir air Mac-an-Rusgaich e a dholan aird thun na cachaileidh mhuUaich, 'se a dheauamh stair chasa-caoracb. ' ' Nimi sin," arsa Mac-au-Eusgaich, 's dh'fhalbh e. Chuir e na caoirich a stigh do'chraicionn a tboirt o cbul do chinn a sios'n fhang, 's gliearr e na casan dhiuhh, a's gu d' sbail. Tbuirt an tuatbanacb doirbhrinn e an stair le casan nan caorach. gu 'm b' fbearr leis iall a bhi air a tboirtChaidh e air ais far an robh a mbaigbistir, as a chraicionn bho cbul a chinn gu 'sbail's tbuirt a mbaigbistir ris, "<strong>An</strong> do rinn na an t-airgiod a tboirt do thrusdartbu sud ? " Tbuirt Mac-an-Rusgaicb, coltach ri Mac-an-Rusgaicb; agus, a reir' Rinn ; faodaidb tu fein dol g' a fbaicyin.an lagha, cbaidb an tuatbanacb doirbh a" Cbaidb an tuatbanacb a db-fbaicinn cheangal agus iaU leathann a tboirt oan stair cbasa-caorach a rinn Mac-an- cbuU a chinn a sios a cUiruim, 's ghlaoidhRusgaicb 's an uair a rainig e 's a cbunnaic e gu 'm b' fbearr leis an t-airgiod fhein ae casan nan caoracb anus an stair, cbaidb tboirt seacbad na an iall a gbearradb nae air bbreasadb 's tbuirt e, ' ' Na b-uilc 's b' fhaide ;phaigh e an t-airgiod agus b'na b-uireandan ort, a bbalaicb ciod e a eigiun da 'l^bi greis foidh na ligbicbean, 'atbug ort na casan a gbearradb bbarr nan cba robb e 'n a dhuine doii'bh tuiUe.caoracb " ? Tbuirt Mac - an - Rusgaicb,(Ri Uantu'mn.' Nacb d' iarr tbu fein orm atair cbasacaoracba dbeanamb, 's ciod e mar adbeanaiun stair cbasa-caoracb mur gearrainnna casan dbiubb? feucb a bbeil tbua' gabbail an aitbreacbais gu 'n d' iarr tbuorm a dbeanamb, a bhodaicb " " ? Gba'n 'eil, cba'n'eil," tbuirt a mbaigbistir."Ciod a tba agam ri 'dbeanamb a ritbisd?"tbuirt Mac-an-Rusgaicb. "Tba,ars' a mbaigbistir, na b-eicb agus anstapuU a gblanadb 's a nigbeadh an dachuid am macb agus a stigb." Db' fbalbbMac-an-Rusgaicb, 's gblan e a macb anstapuU,—nigb e na balbacbaii air an taobba macb a's nigh e an stapuU air an taobba stigb ; nigh e na b-eicb, a's mbarbb eiad 's tbug e an taobb a stigb asda, 's nigbe an taobb a stigb aca. Cbaidb e far anrobb a mbaigbistir 's db' fbarraid e ciod abba aige ri 'dbeanamb a ritbisd, 's tbuirt ambaigbistir ris e a cbur nan eacb 'n anuidbeam anns a' cbrann, 's e tboirt tacainair an treabbadb. Tbuirt Mac-an-Rusgaicb,"Cba fbreagair nab-eicbmi." "Ciode a db' fbairicb iad " ? ars' a mbaigbistir."Cba cboisicb iad air mo sbon," arsaMac-an- Rusgaicb. "Fbalbb agus feucbiad," tbxiirt a mbaigbi.stir. Db' fbalbbMac-an-Rusgaicb far an robh na b-eicb,chuir e crioman de dh-aon diubb 'u abbeul, cbaidb e air ais far an robba mhaighistir, 's tbuirt e, "Cba'n'eilan droch bblas orra." "Ciod a tbatbu ag radh ? " tbuirt a mbaigbistir.Cbaidb e far an robb na b-eicb, 's an uaira chunuaic e iad 's an taobb a stigb air atboirt asda, tbuirt e, ' ' Ciod is ciall d' aso?" "Tba," arsa Mac-an-Rusgaicb," gu 'n d' iarr tbu fein orm an da chuidna b-eicb agus an stapuU a gblanadb agusa nigbeadh, an da chuid a macb agus astigb; 's rinn mi sin. A bheil tbu a'gabbail an aitbreacbais?" "B' fbearrlearn nacb f haca mi riamb tbu," tbuirt antuatbanacb. "Ma ta," arsa Mac-an-Rusgaicb, feumaidh tu tri tuarasdail atboirt domhsa air neo tbeid iall de d'TOIMHSEACHAN.Cbunnaic mi Sagart a' coiseach na Sraide,'S measan beag biorach a' criomadh ashailtean ;Le spailpeadh a chaol-chas's le craosachda gbioncbain,Shaoilte gu 'n slugadb e 'n Sagart a dh'aona-bbeum !Thionndaidh an Sagart, 's roi' chrathadha laimbeCbriothnaicb an cuilein bbo'cbuinnein gu'mbasan ;Le miolranacbd mbiolusgiach, mbiodalaichtbrailleil,Dh' imlich e casan ant-Sagairtgu cairdeil.Bha falluinn an t-Sagart de anart glanfinealt,Gun phreasadh, gixn fbailling bbo'braighegu 'h-iochdar :Ri fraoidhneadh a gilead bba 'm measanIan farmaid,'S db' fbeucb e ri 'buaicbdeadh le tuaileas' mac-meamnacb.'N uair 'theann an luchd-faire ri breith airan t-sabbdair,Fbuair iad a macb nacb robb dad ann acbtaibbse,Chlaon e mar sgaile an dubb-thratb nab-oidhche,'S tbuit a chrios-muineil 'n a ghlag air a'chabbsair !Sgriobht' air a' chrios ud, bha 'ainm annan Gailig<strong>An</strong> cuigeamb, an-t-aon-deug, 's an deicheamhde 'n ABC.Is e Suaimbneasreult-feasgair ananama,agus is i Subhailc a ghrian. Cba dealaicheariad gu brath o cheile.22
—338 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mlos a" Gheamhraldh, 1874.AX NIGHEAN DUBH.È^S^- =i=2t L,:-:liiS^JI^^g .',t_^ ^^—« tz^^^Jz^ w=^1iSllztliEZr1 I1: — :sS: — :3Il:8:m|m:-:r Id;— :rlM: — ;m£t ^=^^^—^^^—14.s: — :s|l:s:md:-;d|l:-:l#-%*[
•<strong>An</strong>d;;—"—AM FREICEADAN DUBH.Oh, what is the news? Why glengarries and trews?Oh, where are the tartan, the kilt, and the feather ?Just laid b^'e for a bit, since they say they've not fitFor the African jungle and Afiican weather.<strong>An</strong>d whate'er may befall, 'tis not they, after all,That strike such a terror to every beholderAs if on parade, without haste or disorder.comes to a bout.The gallant Black Watch will dash into the battleAt the sound <strong>of</strong> the pibroch their hearts will grow colder'11 know it denotes that there 's slitting <strong>of</strong> throats,SEOLADH AN FHREICEADAIN DUIBH.ciod SO an sgeula 1 Cà 'n d' fhag iad am fèile ?C uime boineid a's brigis an ait' iteig a's breacain ?phreas,Tha 'cur balla-chrith air naimhdean 's a' fuadach an ceille ;ach ua laoich 'thig o bheanntaibh an fhraoich,'N uair is Cath-ghairm— " Gaidheil ri guaillibh a cheile 1Treas ilios a' Gheamhraidh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 839[Thaiiiig ua rauuan a leauas a mach anu am paipear-naidheachdSasunnacb aig an am 's an robh " Am Freiceadan Dubh " gu seoladh achogadli i-is na h-Ashantees ann an Africa. Cha robh an deise Gbaidhealachair a meas freagarracb do 'u duthaich, agus nime sin dh' fbag iad as andeigh i.]THE EMBARKATION OF THE BLACK WATCH.Oh, no ! 'tis the men from the mountain and glen,When the Watch-word is— " Highlanders, shoulder to shoulder !"when the pipes blow and they march on the foe,To the tune <strong>of</strong> the " Highlanders over the Border,"The lads from the North will step gallantly forth,<strong>An</strong>d the blacks will find out, wlien itThough in all their fierce tribes none are stouter or bolder.What stern courage is shown when the pibroch is blown."'•<strong>An</strong>d the Watch-word is— Highlanders, shouller to shoulder!When the moment is ripe, to the skirl <strong>of</strong> the pipe.<strong>An</strong>d silent and sti'ong, cut their wny through tlie throng,<strong>An</strong>d grimly will slaughter the foemen like cattle.<strong>An</strong>d the next time the blacks, are expecting attacks,For theyWhen the Watch-word is— " Highlanders, shoulder to shoiilder1— Fun.<strong>An</strong>n an Africa 'n teas, am measg raeanbh-choille 'sBho nach freagradh iad doibh chuir iad diubh iad car tacaiu.Ach cha mhill so an cliu ; cha 'n i 'n deise co-dhiu,Clia 'n i !"Feuch morachd nam flath 'dol a dh-ionnsaidh a' chath !Bidh a' phiob a' seinn " Bail' lonaraora " gu ceolmhor ;Air faiche nam blar chithear gluasad nan sar,Mar aig spaidsearaclid-feille, gu h-athaiseach, seolmhor.
II—340 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Mios a" Ghsamhrairth, 18T4 .'S iad ua tiaimhdeaii a clii, 'n iiair a thig iad gn stiitb,Ged a shaol iad an dubli-threubhau borba nach geilleadhMeud au gaisge "s aa crnadh's 'u uair tha 'u ceol 'g a chur suas,"A's a' Chath-gliairm— " Gaidbeil ri giiaillibh a cheile !'N am tarn;ing nan lann,—le piob-nihoiv aig an ceann<strong>An</strong> sas tbeid na Gaidheil le deiue do-tliilleadh ;Le 'n gaisge 'n le 'ii trèin' ni iad rathad dhoibh feiu,'S an naimbdeaii, mar spreidh, bidh 'g an leireadb 's 'g am milleadli.Na dul»h-dhaoin', am feasd tnilie, cba 'n fbeith ri aon bhuille ;Is leoir dlioibb ma clibiiiuieas iad " Gilleau an fbeilidli,"Oir bidb aca deavbb-fhios 'n a lorg gn 'n tig sgrios,'N uair is Cath-gliairm— '• Gaidheil ri gnaillibb a cbeile ! "——Eadar. le Mao-Mharcui«.GAIDHEIL GHLASCHCJ AGUS ALASDAIR-NAN-STOP.Shaoil sinn an uair a cliuii- sinnAlasdair-nan-stop fo 'n nLr agus leacligheair 'uaigb, uach cluinneadii arlucUd-leughaidh guth tiiille m' atliimchioll; agus cha mho 'chhiirineasiad a' bbeag uainne niu Alasdair, oirtha duil agaiun gu bheil iadsan athug a lathair an toispach e air fas glesgith dheth ; ach tha ^. M. L. achuir an aithis air eaglaisean GaidhealachGhlaschu gu 'n robh Alasdairnan-stop'n a f lioirfeach ann an aondiulA, air litir mhi-mhodhail a chur adh-ionnsaldh Bratach xa Firinn,anxa au rathad freagraidh do 'n te achuir ministear Eaglais Chaluimchilleanns a'GHAiDHEAL,agaicheadbgu 'n robh Alasdair, no gu 'ni burrainna leithid a bhi, 'n a fheardreuchdamis an eaglais aige-san.Mur biodh ann au litir R. M. L. acha chainnt mhi-shuairce mu mhinistearEaglais Chaluim - chille chamheasamaid gu 'm b' fhiach i buntainnrithe—tha daoine na 's eolaicheair an duine sin na gu'm l)iodh moranbuaidli aig beadaidheachd E. M. L.orra—ach do blirigh agus gu bheile a GUI' char ann am briathran 3fhr.Blair, agu3 a' cur earrannaa d' a litir" O 'n 'bha esan mar sin domhsaBidli mise mar so dliasan." Donncha Ban.fa chomhair a luchd-leughaidh annau cruth gu tur eadar-dhealaichte o'n doigh anns am faighear iad 's a'Ghatdheal, tha sinn 'g a mheas marf hiachaibh oirnn, mar cheartas dhuinnfein agus do J//??*. Blair, facal eronachaidh,facal ceartachaidh, agus facalcomhairleachaidh a thoirt do E. M.L. Bu mhath leinn an sin ar lamhana ghlanadh gu buileacli as a'ghnothach ; leigeamaid "a shalcharfein leis gach rudha," oir tha fhios aigar luchd-leughaidh "gur momhaide'n salchar saltairt air." Cha ghabhsin gnothach ris a' chiad chuid delitir E. M. L.; cha 'n 'eil an teagamha's lugha againu mu 'u deadh runagus an dichioll leis an do chaith ea shaothair agus 'nine am measgGhaidheal Ghlaschu. Is e an ni athug oilbheum do dhaoine an toiseache bhi a' cur as letk nan eaglaiseanGaidhealach gu 'n robh trusdaircoltach i*i Alasdaii" 'n an luchddreuchdannta. <strong>An</strong> uair a chaidhan aithis 'aicheadh le ministearEaglais Chaluim-chille air son achomh-thionail fein, shaoil sinn gu 'nrachadh gabhail ri, 'f hacal gun chunn-ail, ach a nis air do E. M. L. 'fhaicinn
!Treas Mlo» »' Gheeunhraldh, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 841nach h' urrainn da seasamh na b' Tha e ag radh, " theagamh nachfliairle air cul Alasdaii' agus nach b' fhiacli leis a sgoilearachd Ghailigrobhdol as aige o'n chronachadh,tliaeail' gabhail gu bearradaii-eachd shuaraich'fhaicinn ann an 'leabhran beagan canar Braiach na Firinn.'"risThaagus leibidich air " spiorad E. M. L. 6 fein ag radh nach 'eil anagus sgoileareachd " na litireacli anus sgoilearachd Ghaidhlig 'n a " moran d' fhuair e achmliasau agus air a' mheas.'" Cha b' uilear ach dha ! Bumheadhon troimh an deachaidh an choir da mile mathanas 'iarraidh airlitir a chur fa 'chomhair.A thaobli nam "madraibh crosda,"deasaiche na Brataich airson a bhi a'bruidLinn air e'bhi'n a ii-isleachadhchi duine a sheallas air litir Mhr. do dhuine droch Ghaidhlig a chiù' aBlcdr nach d' thug e a leithid de dhfhar-ainmdh-ionnsaidh na Brataich. <strong>An</strong> uairair daoine sam bith, ach a theid E. M. L. gu sgeig thigeadhgur anil a thuirt e, na 'm b' fhior e dha an aire 'thoirt nach abair e rudE. M. L., gu 'n robh cuid de luchdriaghlaidha bhios calg-dhireach an aghaidh annan eaglaisean cho gruam-ni sin a chuir e roimhe a radh. Buach li "madraibh crosda." Tha choir da an toiseach an sgriobhaicheeagal oirnn nach bi e furasda do agus a Ghaidhlig a mholadh, ma bhaE. M. L. a thoirt air daoine seadheile a thoirt as a chuid eachdraidh.Air son an aium " uile-bheisd," isdona 'fhreagras e do 'n fhear atharruing an dealbh tionndadh aguscoire 'f haighinn do 'n fhear a thugainm cho freagarrach air a' chreutaiieagalacha chuir esan fa ehouihairan t-saoghail. ISTach e E. M. L. atha truacanta ri ALasdah' mu dheireadh!Is cruaidh cridhe 2Ihi: Blairan uair a bhagradh e ainm Alasdaii'a spaiTadh a suas air dorsan naneaglaisean Gaidhealach mar rabhadhdo mhuinntir eile I <strong>An</strong> do dhichuimhnichE. M. L. gur e fein asparr ainm Alasdair a suas airBrataich an lathair an t-saoghail antoiseach."C arson nach do sgriobhMr. Blàr gus a! BhratoAch?" Masheallas E. M. L. gu taobh-duilleig179 d' an Bhrataich chi e gu'n dosgriobh Mr. Blair than fear-deasachaidhna Brataich ; agus ma chuirE. M. L. trounh'n Brataich tuaileasail- na Gaidhe iI cha'ii fhaic sinnneo-fhreagarrachd air bith ann a bhi'cur inneil a chum an diou ann anlaimh Gaidheil eile. Cha'n'eilfhios aig E. M. L. nach'eil aobhareile aig Mr. Blair airsou a litrr achur a dh-ionnsaidh a' Ghaidheil.e 'dol a radh "nach b' fhiach leis"Slid no so a dheanamh. Tha sinndearbh-chinnteach nach do smaointichMr. Blair air di-meas no tai'cuisa dheanamh air a' Bhrataich agustheireamaid gu 'm bu sgallais da-rireadhdha " leabhar mor Gaidhlig " aradh rithe fein no ris a' Ghaihdeal.Tha E. M. L. a' toirt dhuinn, ma's f hior, " am mir mu dheii'eadh " delitir a' mhinisteir agus e air achomharrachadh a mach mar gu 'mbiodh e againn an sin mar a fhuaire anns a' G haidheal e—facail shlànagus litirichean ann am meadhonfhacal eile air an cois-bhig 's air antarsuinn, a nunn 's a nail mar a bhasaighdearan Sgaii'inish. Chuala sinniomradh air " clo-bhualadh fiar " achdh' amais sinn air mu dheireadhAgus a bheil mearachd mu choinnimha' h-uile facail a tha mar so aira bhonnaibh-beag] Cha'n'eil idir ;tha ochd facail fhichead anns a'" mhir " a thug e dhuinn, agus 'n ammeasg uile cha 'n fhaic sinn ach aonfhacal cearr, agus litir theagmhachann am facal eile. Am facal a thamearachdach, (mhnaoi) tha e gucoitcheann ail' a ghnathachadh marso ann an cearu no dha de Earraghaidheal,agus ged nach dean so ceart
342 AN GAIDHEAL. Treas Jlios a' Gheamhraidh, 1874.e, nocliclaidh e cianiar a cliaidh a leigeilseacliad gun an aire a thoirt da.<strong>An</strong> uair a theid neach gu tiolpadaireaclidagus gu gearra-gbobacbd bbuineadbe dlia a bbi ro t'huracbail gu 'ntngadb e lacail na muinntir air ambbeil e 'toirt i)reith, gun an lide a 'slugba dbiubb 'atbarracbadb. Cbado sgi-iobb Mr. Blair, " eaglaiseanGàidldeach" ach, "eaglaisean Gaidbeafticb";ged db' fbaodas " foirbbeacb" a bbi cbo ceart ri " foirfeacb "bu cboir do E. M. L. am facal'fbagail mar fbuair e. Cba mbotbuirt Mr. Blair gu 'm b' eiginn" riagbailtean a dbeanamb " cbumosdaireau a cbumail a macb as ant-seisein, acb gu'n robh e'n a riaghailtaca nacb tagbar fear-reic dibbe cbumdreucbd foirficb no deacoin. Airsonna 's aitbne do E. M. L. db' fbaodadbau riagbailt so 'bbi aca o 'n tboisicban comb-tbional, agus uime sin cba'n 'eil ann acb peasanacbd da 'bbi'labbairt mu osdairean agus misgearabbi 'n am " mor dhragb " 's aut-seisein.Agus CO a nis an sar sgoilearGaidblig so a tba 'g a chur fein suasmar bbritbeamh air muinntii* eile %Is cinnteacb gu leoir gu bbeil e feingun mbearacbd ann am " freumbcbur"agus ann au " snaim-cbeangalna Gaidblig. Cba 'n 'eil toil sambitb againne toiseacbadb air a cbuidlitiricbean a cbriatbradb; na'm biodb,cba bu bbeag an ceannacb-ruidil abbiodh air 'fbagail. Gun diogidir a radii mu na litiricbean roimbe,ged a tba an te mu dbeireadb so aigea reir coltais air a deadb gbartghlanadlicba bbiodb e duilicb dbaamas air urad de Gbaidblig Gballdaagus de cbainnt cbtarbaicb iniite'sabu choir a cbumail o tbiolpadaireacbdgus an ionnsaicbeadb e Gaidblig asgriobbadh mar a bbruidbneadb asbeana-mbatbair i.Cba 'n 'eil fbios againn ciod angnotbach a tba aig litiricbean Eunasddich,anns am bbeil cunntas fioragainn mu cbuid de na faoin-bbeacbdana bba 'measg nan Gaidbenl osbean, agus gus an latba 'n diugb,ri litiricbean E. M. L. mu " GbaidheilGblascbu" anns an robb e ri" firiun no dba mu tbeagblaicbeanair an d' fbuair e eolas" a tboirtseacbad acb anns an do tbarruing eair a " mhic-meamiia" air a leitbidde dboigb 's gu 'n do cbuir e an ceillnitbean a db'fheum e feiu, agusmuinntir eile air a shon, 'aideachadbnacb do gbabb aite riamb ann an" teagblaicbean air an d' fbuair eeolas."<strong>An</strong>n an combdbunadb, cbombairlicbeamaiddo E. M. L. da ni asbeacbnadb agus is iad sin, GaidbeilGblascbu, agus Sgoilearacbd Gbaidblig.Tba eagal oirnn nacb toir alaimbseacbadb air an Sgoilearacbdacb beacbd iosal do dbaoine air 'agbartasfein innte; agus tba a bhuntainneanri Gaidbeil Gblascbu airdiomb agus miotblacbd a lucbddutbcbaa dbusgadb suas 'n aagbaidb.SOP AS GACH SEID.Ma tha sinn ag iarraidh a bhi 'togail airsteigh cliiimtich ami an cairdeas, feiimaidhsinn ar cairdean a ghradhachadli ni 'smo air an sgath fein, na air ar sgatli fein.Sgriobli t' ainm fein le cairdeas, gradh,agus trocair, air cridheachaibli na muinntirsin uile ris am bbeil do ghnotbuch ;agus cha di-cliuimlmicbear tbu gu brath.Tba briatbra 'n an nitbibb beaga ach iscruaidb a bbuaileas iad, agus is goirt aleonas iad, an uair a bruchdas iad a macba' beul an tuaileis. Gnatbaicbear iad c<strong>of</strong>urasd 's gu 'n di-cbiumbnicbear nabuaidbean agus na cumbacbdan fohiicbteaca. <strong>An</strong> uair a labbrar iad gu freagarrach,tuitidb iad mar na gatban-greine air lasamJiraidii, mar an drucbd air an lusmbaotb, agus mar an t-uisge tla, a ta'sileadh gu mall air na raointibb tartmbor;ach an uair a bhras-labbrar iad le nimbagus feirge, tba iad cosmhuil ris an reotbacbiuaidb, ris na clocbaibh-meallain, noris an doininn sgriosaich a leireas le'sheailihad, air muir agus tir.
THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT,GAELIC PHILOLOGY.NOTES BY THE REV. ALEX. CAMERON.(Continued from page 314. )189. Amadan.Amadan (fool) is from amad (fool,madman ;= a??z privative and madfor iiumt = mant from root man, totHink). It is cognate with Lat.amens, amentis (foolish), Sask. amnti-a-mati (a privative and mail,mind), from root man. Cf Stokes'j-.A.nsrxjA.R,^5r, i874.Ir. Glosses, p. 66 ; Bopp's Sansk.Glossary, p. 283. Cf. farmad anddearmad (vol. II. j). 56).190. Bràth and quern.Brcith (quern ;gen. hrathan) =brain (O'Reilly) and hroon (Stokes'Ir. Glosses, p. 96) aud is cognatewith Goth, qvairnus, Old Ice. qiiorn,Cf. Gr. breecJw (to i"ain) and Lat.rigo (to rain) which are from thesame root. Initial b, retained inGreek and Gaelic, has been droppedin Latin and in the Teutoniclanguages. See Curtius' Gr. Etymologyand Ebel's Celtic Studies bySullivan, p. 117.192. Bran (a raven) is cognatewith Slav, inxmu aud Lith. varnas(raven). Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studiesby Sullivan, p. 119.193. Fit (hollow ;occurring frequentlyin names <strong>of</strong> places) may becompared with Lat. 2^uteus (a well),Dut. put (a well, pit), Dan. pyt (apool,puddle) A.S. 2'>yt and p)ytt (apit, well), Eng. pit. •194. Sàr (very, excellent) is cognatewith Gei-. sehr (very). Stokes(cf. Ir. Glosses, p. 90) equates sdrwith Sansk. sakra. Lat. saceì'. Cf.der (now deur) and Gr. dakry, Goth.tagr; indr (now mòi' J and Gr. makroa.195. ò'uai'n, suaimhneach.Suain (sleep ;in Mid. Gael, suan)= W. him and corresponds to Bret.hephun (sleep), Old Ice. svefn (sleep),Old Eng. sweven, Lat. sonmus (sleep)from sojmus., Gi-. hj/jmos (sleep),Sansk. svdpna (sleep) from svap (tosleep). Suaimhneach (calm, tranquil)is from the same root. Cf.Bopp's Glossaiy, p. 438; and Stokes'Old H. Ger. quirn, A.S. cweorn, Ir. Glosses, pp. 89 and 163.Eng. quern. Cf. hiu (living) andGoth, qvius, from which come A.S.cwic, Eng. quick; bean aud Goth.ovens, A.S, cv:e7i, Eng. queen.196. Meil, viuileann muillear,and mill, meal.Meil (grind) = W. iualu (to grind)and is cognate with Lat. molo (to191. Braon and rain.gvind), 7nola (mill) Gr. 7nylè (a mill),Braon (drop, rain ; anc. braen and Ger. miihle (mill) Dut. molen (mill),broen) is cognate Goth, rign, Ger. A.S. mylen (mill), Eng. mill. Stokesregen, A.S. rfe^ji and regn..^ Eng. ?«?'«,regards mttileann (mill ; in Mid.Gael, muilind and muileand = W.melin) as probably a loan-word fromLat. molendinum (from mola). Muillear(miller) is for inuilnear, in Mid.Gael, muilneoir (n being assimilatedto ^, as ia colla for colna gen. <strong>of</strong>colunnj. Cf Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p.88. Eng. meal belongs to the sameroot. Max Muller refers vieil andits cognates to the Aryan root inar(to grind down. Cf. Lectures, vol.IL p. 350, Ed. 1871.197. Muir (sea; gen. mara)~Gaulish mori (cf. Morihambe), "W.
;344 THE GAEL. January,«ior, and is cognate with Lat. mareTruagh (wretched ; anc. trog) - remarks ": The particles so and do(sea). Mare is referred by MaxW. truan (wretched), and correspondsto Bx-et. truant (vagabond), Fr.Miiller to the root mar. Cf. Lectures,truand (beggar), and Eng. truantAol. II. p. 353.(lit. a wanderer or outcast). Cf.198. Xathair (serpent ; aoc. Wedgwood's Diet, <strong>of</strong> Eng. Etymology.natkir) - W. neidr and may be comparedTruaghan (a wretched one)with Lat, iuttrix (water-serpent),is formed from truagh by adding theGoth, nadrs (viper). Old H. mas. termination an. Tròcair (mercy,Ger. natra, natara, N. II. Ger. natter " amor miseri ") was in old Gaelic(adder). Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studies trdcaire., from trocar = irdg-car, <strong>of</strong>by Sullivan, p. 114, and Stokes' Ir. which irdg = truagh and car is theGlosses, p. 40.same root with which we meet in199. Leus and light.Lat. cams (dear)^ and Gael, caraidLeus (light;gen. leòis) and leusan (friend). Cf. Z. G. C, p. 62, and(a little light) may be compared withDan. lys (light) and Old Ice. Ijos ( light).Ebel's Celtic Studies by Sullivan, p.145.These words are cognate with Lat. 202. Fearg,/airge, and Gr. orgc.lux (light; - lues)., Gr. Ijchnos (light), Fearg (anger, wrath ; anc. fereGoth, liuhath (light). Old. H. Ger. [also fierce^ =/e'W) fo^y) is cognatelioht (light), Ger. light (light), Eng. with Gr. orge ( = Forge'). Cf. Oldlight. Cf. Sansk. root rtich (to W. gu^erg (gl. efficau) and Gaulishshine) and also loch and lok (to shine, Yergobretus. To the same rootsee). Luchar (light), luchair (brightness,Zeuss refers (G. C, p. H) fairggae,bright), and lochran (lamp foirggae (fairge, foirge, the sea).from Lat. lucerna) may be compared Hence " Ouergiouios (Yergivius)with Lat. hiceo (to shine), from lux. okeanos," Ptol. If Zeuss and othersCf. Curtius' Gr. Etymology, p. 147, be correct in connecting ergon (workand Bopp's Sansk. Glossary, p. 353. = Fergon) with orge., then Goth.200. Lvgha, lughad, and light vaurkjan, vaurhta, A.S. iceorc, wyrhta,(not heavy).Ger. werh, Eng. work., loright, areLugha (less ; anc. laigiu and luguj cognate with fearg and fairge. The— W. llai, and is cognate with Gr. root idea <strong>of</strong> these words, according toelaason for elachion (less, smaller Gllick, is motion, agitation. Cf.from elachys), levior (lighter, less, Stokes' Ir. Glosses, jip. 68, 78.smaller ; comp. <strong>of</strong> levis from leg u is), 203. Dorelm and dark.Sansk. laghtjdns (comp. <strong>of</strong> laghu, If we compare dorcha (dai-k ; anc.light). With Saosk. lagliu.^ Gr. dorche) and sorcha (bright) we ascertainclachys, Lat. levis, are cognate Goth.that do and so are Gaelic preleihts (light), Old H. Ger. lihti fixes corresponding to Sansk. du,(light), New II. Ger. leicht, A.S. dus, Gr. dus- and Sansk. su., Gr. eu.leoltt., liht, Eng. liyht. Lughad Cf daor and saor, doilleir and solleir,(littleness; anc. lagaitj is from dona and sona. Dorcha mak, therefore,higha. Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studies bybe regarded as formed from doSullivan, p. Ill, Stokes' Ir. Glosses, and the root ruch (to shine). Cfp. 109, and Diefenbach's Goth. ruch (to shine) and ruch (splendour)Worterbuch.in Bo])i)'s Glossary, p. 323, and also201" Truagh, truaghan, trdcair ; richis (flame) in Z. G. C. p. 72. On'W.truan; Bi-et. truant; Fr. truand; dark., from A.S. deorc, which is manifestlyEng. truant.akin to dorcha. Wedgwood
January, 1874.THE GAEL. 345in Gaelic are equivalent to eu anddus in Greek, as in son, good, anddoii, bad. In similar relation toeach other stand sorcha, light, anddorch, dorcha, dark. The elementcommon to the two wonld appear tobe the notion <strong>of</strong> seeing, which, however,we are luiable to trace in theform <strong>of</strong> the words."If we regarddark, deorc, as derived from the rootruch, the difl&cnlty disappears. Cf.Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 50.204. Eigh, deiyh, eighre, and ice.Eigh (ice) was in ancient Gaelicaig for jag, initial j having dieappearedby rule. Aiy = ia for jag(cf. Z. G. C, p. 49), and is cognatewith Hung, jeg, Lap. jfegna, LowDut. aisen, Dut. ijs, Ger. eis. Ice. is,A.S. is, Eng. ice. Cf, "Wedgwood'sDiet, <strong>of</strong> English Etymology: Deigh— eigh (cf. dialtag = ialtag, anddeanntag = eanntag). The formeighre is from the same root.20.5. Saighead (arrow ; anc. saiget)= Lat. sagitta. The W. is saith,which would have initial h if theword Avere Celtic. Cf Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 57. G <strong>of</strong> saighead isaspirated because flanked by vowels,but d or t ì^ not aspirated because itstauds for tt.206. Lidreach (corslet ; = W.Ihiryg) is from Lat. lorica (corslet).Lorica is from lorum (a leathernthong). C <strong>of</strong> luireach is aspiratedbecause vowel-flanked.207. Cochal and coiol.Cochcd (hood, cowl, husk ; anc.cuchall) - Lat- cucullus (covering forthe head, hood), Goth, hahuls, OldII. Ger. Iiachul, A.S. cugele, cugle,cuhle, Eng. cowl.208. Letk.Lelh (half, a side) is cognate withLat. latus (side), Gr. plains. Cf.Ebel's Celtic Stiidies by Sullivan,p. in.209. Leathan a,ndjfat.Leathan (broad; anc. lethaa) iscognate with Lat. latus (broad), Gr.2)lahis (broad). Old Ice. jlatr, Eng.flat. Initial p is frequently droppedGaelic.210. R^ni (purpose, secret, mystery)- W. rhin and is cognate withGoth, runa (secret, mystery), OldH. Dut. runa (mystery), A.S. run(a letter, magical character, mystery),Dan. runcr (runic letters),Ice. rnn, plui*. rnnier or rnnar,(runic letters), Eng. runes. Cf.Diefenbach's Goth. Worterbuch,Boswoi'th's Dictionary, and Ebel'sCeltic Studies by Sullivan, p. 118.211. Bean (to strike) and bone.Bean (to strike; anc. benim, Istrike) is cognate with the obsoleteGr. jÀeìiò (I slay ; cf. 2 aor. ejjephnonjSan.sk. van (to strike, smite),Goth, banja (blow), Old H. Ger.ba/ta (beath-blow), Mid. H. Ger.bane (destruction). Cf. bana (death),banaghadh (destrnctiou), in O'Heilly'sDictionary. To the same rootbelongs bàs )death). Cf. Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 157, and Vol. i. p. 245.212. Fa idh and prophet.Faidh (prophet; anc. /aidh J =- Lat.vates (divÌQer, prophet) which isconnected Avith Gr. piiemi from phao,Sansk. bhd.. Prophet is from Lat.2}i'ophetes = Gr. prodhetes (from proand ijhemi).213. lomlag and navel,loiulag (navel; also spelled ilmeag)may be compared with Lat. umbilicus(navel; from nuhilicus or u-nabilicusj,Gr. omphalos, Lat uinbilicus. Cf.Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 150, Cartius'Gr. Etymology, p. 265, and Bopp'sSansk. Glossary, p. 213.214. Claidheamh (sword ; anc.claideb) = W. cleddyf and Arm.clezef, and is cogate Avith Lat,gladius, although, according to rule,Gaelic should represent Lat. c, notg. For anc. b = mod. on cf. noeb andnaomh (holy). Cf. Fr. glaive (swoi-d).{To be continued.)
;846 THE GAEL. January, 1874.THE MACDONALDS AND THEMACKEXZIES.In the Gael for Decemberthere is a uotice <strong>of</strong> these two clansfounded on an extract <strong>of</strong> a letter bythe late Hon. Mrs, Stewart Mackenziewherein she states, " theQuarterl// Review says the Mackenzieswere once a dependent clan on theMacdoualds. I can assure yon suchwas never the case." Notwithstandingthis very strong assertion, thestatement <strong>of</strong> the Quarterly Review isthe true one ; the Mackenzies werethe vassals <strong>of</strong> the Macdoualds, Lords<strong>of</strong> the Isles, they received their landsfr(-im them. The history <strong>of</strong> theMackenzies was drawn up by Di".George Mackenzie, who being one<strong>of</strong> the clan would not say anythingunfavourable to it. He states that inthe yeai- 1463, John, Eai-l <strong>of</strong> Rossand Lord <strong>of</strong> the Isles, granted bycharter the lands <strong>of</strong> Strathgarve andmany other lands, to AlexanderMackenzie, the then head and chief<strong>of</strong> the name ; there can be no questionbut that the writer <strong>of</strong> the histor}'must have seen the charter, so as tobe able to make the statement hedoes, and no donbt it is the oldestauthentic document the Mackenziescan produce. As to the pi-etendedancient claims to the lands <strong>of</strong> Kintailbeing granted by a charter to theMackenzies so far back as 12G2, ithas been proved to be a forgeiy.We find that the lands <strong>of</strong> Kintailbelonged to the Earl <strong>of</strong> Ross, andnot the Mackenzies as he grantedthem by a charter dated at his castle<strong>of</strong> Urquhart on 4th July 1342, toReginald, son <strong>of</strong> Roderick de Insulis<strong>of</strong> the Macdonald family, and thischarter was, as appears in theRecords, confirmed by King DavidII., hi 1344; thus we learn thatalmost a century later than theperiod claimed by the Mackenzies,the lands <strong>of</strong> Kintail belonged to theEarls <strong>of</strong> Ross, and the Macdonaldsthe charter will be found in Robertson's" Index <strong>of</strong> Charters," pages99 and 100. It is A'^ery probablethat in the same year or soon afterthe forfeiture <strong>of</strong> the Lord <strong>of</strong> theIsles, which took place in 1493, thatthe Crown made a grant <strong>of</strong> Kintailto the Mackenzies. The clans whowere vassals to the Earls <strong>of</strong> Rossand Lords <strong>of</strong> the Isles, and got theirlauds from them are far more numerousthan is generally known ;priorto the forfeiture, they include theMacLeans, the Camerons, the Mac-Leods, both <strong>of</strong> Lewis and Harris,the Clan Macneill, also the minorclans <strong>of</strong> the M'Kinnons, Macfies,Macquarries ; the Mackenzies, ashas been shown, the Munroes, theRosses, the Dingwalls, Urquharts,and the Rosses or Roses <strong>of</strong> Kilravock.The descent <strong>of</strong> the chiefs<strong>of</strong> the Mackenzies has been assertedto be Irish, but this is mere fableand was wholly unknown in 1450,as appears in that invaluable andauthentic chronicle, the KilbrideMS., <strong>of</strong> the genealogies <strong>of</strong> the Highlandclans, written in 1450; in it theii'descent is thus given, " the genealogy<strong>of</strong> the Clan Kenneth, Murdoch,son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth, son <strong>of</strong> John, sou <strong>of</strong>Kenneth, son <strong>of</strong> <strong>An</strong>gus, son <strong>of</strong><strong>An</strong>gus, sou <strong>of</strong> Christian, son <strong>of</strong>Adam, son <strong>of</strong> Gilleoin-og, son <strong>of</strong>Gilleoin <strong>of</strong> the Aird* ; the two lastnames are supposed to be the sameas Colin (called in present GaelicCailewi) and hence so many <strong>of</strong> theMackenzies called Colin. We findthat this last named " Colin <strong>of</strong> theAird" is in the same ancient chroniclemade head <strong>of</strong> the Ross tribe,and then the Mackenzies are identifiedwith them ; and from thenumerous generations given in the* See this genealogy in the ' ' lona ClubTransactions," pages 54, 54,
';.which—January, 1874.THE GAEL. 847genealogy, it is clearly a vast dealolder than any Irish Fitzgerald.The Mackenzies are desceudants <strong>of</strong>the old Gael <strong>of</strong> Alban, and theirlocality -was likely iu Strathgarveand Strathcouan, their oldest possessions.The writer forbears to noticethe dreadfnl murders and atrocitiescommitted by the Mackenzies intheir efforts to obtain the lands <strong>of</strong>the Macdonalds <strong>of</strong> Lochalsh, <strong>of</strong>u'hich one-half came to Glengarry,— Kintail being nearly surroundedby that jjroperty was the reasonlikewise the efforts <strong>of</strong> the Mackenziesto deprive the M'Leods <strong>of</strong> Gairloch.The retaliations on both sides are aSlain on Highland history. In conclusionit may be jnstly said, let theMackenzies adhere to what is genuinecorrect, and they may hold comparisonwith any Highland clan.James A. Robertson.Ardnamuechan.—The Rev. Mr. NicolCampbell has accepted a call to the pastorate<strong>of</strong> the Free Church, West Arclnamurchan.Gaelic Ooxcert in Edinbi-rgh.—Last month what may be considered aGaelic concert was given iu the hall 117George Street, Edinburgh. The ideaoriginated with some enthusiastic Highlanders,and considering the difficultiesunder which they had to labour in thisfirst attempt, it must be pronounced adecided success. The hall was quitecrowded. The proceedings began withan able Gaelic speech from the chairman,Mr. Alex. M'Kay, a native <strong>of</strong> Reay, inwhich he expressed his great delight atbeing present on the occassion, exhortedthe audience to encourage and foster,social meetings <strong>of</strong> this kind among allthe north, to stand shouldertrue son.s <strong>of</strong>to shoulder in all their imdertakiugs, and,above all, to cultivate their mothertongue, and not let it vanish into obsurity." Donald," said a Scottish dame, lookingup to her son, "what's slander?""A slander, mither?" quoth Donald,'twisting the corner <strong>of</strong> his plaid. Aweel,I hardly ken, unless it be an ower truetale that ae gude woman tells o' anither."GAELIC GRAMMAR ANDORTHOGRAPHY.Sir,—I fear your readers will bethinking that this correspondence isbecoming somewhat thin, and, seeingthat the combatants are apparentlyso unequally matched, the one beingaccording to Mr. Cameron's lastletter, destitute <strong>of</strong> all " intelligentacquaintance with the subject," anda meddlesome fellow, while his antagonistis presumably possessed <strong>of</strong>the opposite qualities, there seemslittle pr<strong>of</strong>it in continuing the conti'oversymuch longer. If aspersionsand insinuations such as he so jjlentifnllyscatters about him in his lettersare what he considers "vigorouslashing" I fear they will be quite asineffectual as the " blank cartridge "which he employed in the former" escapade." They are at best butclumsy slugs, and in using them hemay perhaps find that he has putthe wrong end <strong>of</strong> the gun to hisshoulder ; they will harm the sportsmanmore than his game.Mr. Cameron still seeks to defendthe phrase, "a'bualadh caismeachdthiamhaidh thruaigh an eig," andfavours your readers with a freshstring <strong>of</strong> quotations from a sourcehe himself considers untrustworthy,though in his last letter hequalifies his former condemnationby saying that the Gaelic Scriptures"contain a larger amount <strong>of</strong> accurateidiomatic Gaelic than any other bookthat has ever yet been published."Even though w^e should grant allthis, I still maintain that they aboundin errors and anomalies. To showthat I am not the first to condemnthese, I shall quote the followingnote by one who can scarcely becharged with ignorance <strong>of</strong> Gaelicidiom, and yet who considers suchphrases as "re nine bhig," &c., erroneous.In the second edition <strong>of</strong>his grammar, p. 211, Munro says,
I348 THE GAEL. January, 1874.<strong>of</strong> beairte diomhanaich, trioblaid emoire. So, mar bhoisge fuaimneachdroighinn fhao'in, Para. xiv. 5—am not aware <strong>of</strong> any reason why theadjective shoukl not agree with itsnoun iu cases like those just instanced.Whatever I'eason theremai/ be, hoAvever, there surely canbe none for violating the concordAvhen the noun is iiot contracted ;yetthe same authorities furnish us withexamples; as, re ùine bhig. Rev. xx.3. "Ni m' anam uaill is gàirdeachasan Dia mo shlainte cAaoimh."Para, xxxvi. 1. In connexion withnouns mas. the adjectives would havethe same form which they have herewith nouns/em.; as,Ceann an leinil)hbhig; Gu tigh an athar c/^aoimh.—Para liii. 7, and liv. 4. Thismakes the error quite palpable. Towrite re iiine bhig, is just as improperas it would be to write cùl nalaimhe chlith; uachdar mo choisedheis; searrach na laire dhuinn, &c.,V. Ps. Ixxvi. 10, Ixxvii. 5, 10,xxxvii. 10, cxxxix." I may alsorefer your I'eadera to pages 201, 202,215, 217, 227-229, <strong>of</strong> the sameedition, as well as to the Grammars<strong>of</strong> Forl^es and Stewart, and in Irishto O'Donovan and Bourke.The texts which Mr-. Cameronbrings to sustain his case are neithermore nor less than departures fromrule, and I might be able to furnishan ecjual number <strong>of</strong> instances inwhich the rule is conformed to, suchas—Ps. Ixxxix. 9, metrical vei'sion,"Ard-onfhadh cuain is fairge mòir,"John vi. 68, " Briathra na beatha"Wheu a no\in/eììiim)ie is contracted maireannaich," Titus i. 2, " Dochasiu the geuitive singulav, as trompaid' na beatha maireannaich,"
'——''January, 1874.THE GAEL. 849(President <strong>of</strong> the Skye Society), D. Macclonald,behind them if they were only broughtA. \Y. Macleod, D. C. Maccrim-out, or allowed to bring themselves out.nion, M. Macaskill, A. Mackillop, Alex. It was verj^ easy for Glasgow and EdinburghTorrie, F. Macdonald, J. Whyte, K.orators, who did not know theMacaskill, and M. Macdonald.difficulties <strong>of</strong> the people, to theorise andA blessing having been asked by the talk about improving their condition;Rev. Mr. Mackinnon, tea was partaken but where was the use <strong>of</strong> poor Highland<strong>of</strong>, after which the Chairman delivered cottars expending their savings in buildiugan interesting address, in which heline houses and steadings when theyreferred to the literary and historical knew that in all probability the groundassociations <strong>of</strong> Skye, and to the capacityfor position and progress taken by Highlandersgenerally in all parts <strong>of</strong> the world.<strong>of</strong>ficer would demand a higher rent, and,failing payment, throw them out pennilesson the worid, and that in consequence <strong>of</strong>At this latter point he said :'That Highlanders were neither dull<strong>of</strong> comprehension, nor slothful in theirdisposition, was evinced by their successboth at home and abroad, where theirtalents found full scope, and where theywere found working for themselves.They had only to look at the Parliamentarylists <strong>of</strong> Australia, New Zealand, andthe Dominion <strong>of</strong> Canada, to find that,considering their disadvantages, theCeltic race occupied a position far a-head<strong>of</strong> others. The Government <strong>of</strong> KewZealand had to call in the aid <strong>of</strong> a gentleman<strong>of</strong> extraordinary tact and ability,Mr. Donald Maclean, a true Highlander,to quiet the savage Maories ; and in theDominion <strong>of</strong> Canada, where the Highlandpopulation was but small in proportion toother nationalities, the Highland influenceand representation in Parliament werevery large and powerful. There wasscarcely a single Highland clan that wasnot represented, while some <strong>of</strong> themcould count their representatives liy thedozen. One <strong>of</strong> the most distinguishedmen in the Senate, corresponding to ourHouse <strong>of</strong> Lords, was the Hon. W. J.Macdonald, a native <strong>of</strong> Skye, while thePremiership <strong>of</strong> the other House was, tillvery recently, held by the Eight Hon.Sir John A. Macdonald, a native <strong>of</strong>Sutherlandshire, and a gentleman <strong>of</strong> verygreat ability and influence. Not only so,but even when Sir John Macdonaldresigned <strong>of</strong>fice, the Governor - Ti eneralcalled another distinguished Highlander,the Hon. Alexander Mackenzie, a native<strong>of</strong> Duukeld, to form another Ministry andbecome Prime Minister <strong>of</strong> the Dominion— a position <strong>of</strong> which many <strong>of</strong> yourLords might be proud, but few couldobtain, as it required extraordinarythese very improvements. This was astern fact. Again, it was easy to talk <strong>of</strong>the decline <strong>of</strong> the martial spirit, and nodoubt it was true where there were nopeople to do the fighting'Far nach bi na mic uchd,Cha bhi na fir-fheachd.Or in English, ' ' Where there are no sonsat the breast, there will be no men forthe ranks." Did they mean to say thatSkye, which had furnished 10,000 soldiers,600 commissioned <strong>of</strong>ficers under the rank<strong>of</strong> colonel, 48 lieutenant-colonels, and 21lieutenant-generals, about the end <strong>of</strong> lastcentury, could not now, with a largerpopulation, furnish many more? Themartial spirit had not declined, but theinducements to fight were gone. Letthem give the people chiefs whom theycould respect and follow, and homesworth fighting for, and they would notbe one whit behind their renownedancestors. But how could their poorcr<strong>of</strong>ters' lads enlist when they knew thatso sure as they did so their parents mightbe driven out <strong>of</strong> house and hold beforethey (their sons) had reached their regiments,and all this because the youngmen had enlisted, and the chamberlainhad no longer any further guarantee thathis rents would be paid. Lentil thosematters were remedied, recruiting partiesmight remain at home. Let their traducerssay what they might <strong>of</strong> the Highlandpeople and Highland character,'Fhad 's a bhios grian anns na speuranNo gealach ag eirigh 's an oidhche,No gaoth a' seideadh 's na h-ardaibhBidh cliu nan Gaidheal air chuimhn.The Chairman's speech, which elicitedfrequent applause, was concluded amidtalents which few <strong>of</strong> them possessed, andentailed an amount <strong>of</strong> hard work whichtremendous cheering and waving <strong>of</strong> hatsand handkerchiefs."fewer still could endure. (Hear and The Eev. D. M'Kinnon, shortly addressedapplause.) These M'ere some <strong>of</strong> theirthe meeting in Gaelic, taking ascourageous and enterprising Highlanders, his subject the motto which headed theand they left many equally competent programme, ' Lean gu dluth ri cliu do
)350 THE GAEL. January, 1874.shinnsear's na diobair a bhi mar iadaan."After complimenting the chairman on hisable speech, and remarking that he hadleft nothing for him to say, as lie hadgone over the whole world in his speech,and hung a Gael on every tree, he counselledthe sons <strong>of</strong> the Gael to act asworthj' descendants <strong>of</strong> their brave andvirtuous ancestors. (Applause.)Mr. Begg, in a racy speech, complimentedthe natives <strong>of</strong> Skye. He had beenfamiliar with Highlanders from his boyhood,and from his experiance both in thiscountry and in Canada, could bear testimonyto their honesty, enei-gy, perseverance,and strong religious principle.<strong>An</strong>d among all classes <strong>of</strong> Highlandersthese distinguishing characteristics were,perhaps, most observable in the natives<strong>of</strong> the isles, and in none more sothan the natives <strong>of</strong> the Isle <strong>of</strong> Skye.Time was when the people <strong>of</strong> the Highlandshad nothing to do but tight. Thattime had past away, and now they weredevoting their energies to other andnobler pursuits, and in every part <strong>of</strong> theworld were winning fame and fortune inthe advancement <strong>of</strong> trade and commerce.(Applause.) But the brave old spiritwhich had animated their forefathers,and which had been displayed on manya hard- fought field, was still as strong asever among the Highlanders. He complimentedthe committee <strong>of</strong> managementon the whole arrangements; from theappropriate and neat bill, calling thismeeting, adorned by a noble-lookingHighlander standing proudly amongstheather and thistles, with his hand onhis claymore, to all the details whichwere the best arranged and most satisfactoryit had ever been his jjleasure to meetwith, and concluded by wishing pi-osperityand happiness to all Highlanders,and especially to the "sons and daughters<strong>of</strong> the Isle <strong>of</strong> Mist." (Applause.)Mr. D. M 'Donald moved a cordial vote<strong>of</strong> thanks to the Soiree Committee forthe admirable nature <strong>of</strong> their arrangements,which had contributed so muchto the pleasure and hai-mony <strong>of</strong> theirannual gathering.Mr. M 'Pherson, on behalf <strong>of</strong> the committee,thanked the meeting for thehearty maimer in whicli they had respondedto the vote <strong>of</strong> thanks. He wasafraid tliat the committee hardly deservedthe praise which had l)een so lil>erallyawarded them. It was the committee'soriginal attention to have held the presentgathering in the Queen's Itooms, butcircumstances, tu which it was unnecessaryto allude, had prevented the carryingout <strong>of</strong> that project, and they were shutup either to take the Crown Halls or haveno soiree. (Hear, hear. ) He would notenter into the numerous difficulties thecommittee had to contend against, butwould simply remark that they believedthey had a right to meet with their friendsbelonging to Skye, and the friends <strong>of</strong> thepeople <strong>of</strong> Skye in Glasgow, and as one <strong>of</strong>the Committee it had given him thegreatest satisfaction to behold a gatheringat once so numerous and so pleasant,although he was sorry that the accomodationwas so limited for the largecompany that had assembled. Mr.M 'Pherson then alluded in touching termsto the emotions which such a gatheringas they had had that night was calculatedto aM-aken. It recalled the home <strong>of</strong> theirchildhood—the loving father who hadbeen the guide and protector <strong>of</strong> theirinfancy and youth—the tender motherwho had nursed them on her knee, andthe numerous friends with whom theyhad been accustomed to associate, some<strong>of</strong> whom were still alive, and others whohad passed away from earth. ( Applause.After all there was no place like home.( Apjjlauso. ) He felt convinced that everynative <strong>of</strong> Skye would <strong>of</strong>ten turn a longingeye thitherward, and particularly whenthe shadows <strong>of</strong> the evening <strong>of</strong> life weredeepening around, their hearts wouldyearn to return to the island <strong>of</strong> theirbirth. (Loud applause.)Dr. ]\I 'Donald, in a able speech, proposeda vote <strong>of</strong> thanks to the Chairman.As thej' were all a'ware, Mr. Nicolson wasthe editor <strong>of</strong> the Gael, a magazinepublished in the Gaelic language. Mr.Nicolson had established the Gael firstin Canada, where it had been jjublishedfor sometime, but afterwards he hadremoved it to Glasgow about two yearsago, where it had been published since.jNIr. Nicolson, was a genuine fi-iend <strong>of</strong> theHighlands and Highlanders, and as suchdeserved their best thanks. (Cheers.)The Chairman, who on rising to replywas greeted Avitli much cheering andwaving <strong>of</strong> hats and handkerchiefs, brieflythanked the Committee <strong>of</strong> the natives <strong>of</strong>Skye for the honour they had conferredon him, in asking him to jireside at thisannual gathering, and the meeting forthe enthusiastic manner in which theyhad i-eceived him, the attention they hadgiven, and the good order they had preservedthroughout the evening,The musical part <strong>of</strong> the programme waaadmiral)ly sustained by Miss Galbraith,Mr. W. T. Kushbury, Mr. James Houston,and Messrs. John M'Leod, John
IJanuary, 1874. THE GAEL. 351Macewan, Donald Ferguson, Kenneth inspiring Highlanders with fresh coixrageGrant, and John M'Innes; the latter fivegentlemen favouring the company withand energy to do well for themselves. Hewent on to say that now they had organsa variety <strong>of</strong> Gaelic songs. During the <strong>of</strong> opinion which they could call theirevening Mr. E. M'Kinuon, piper, at intervals,own, and it was for them to avail them-played a selection <strong>of</strong> Highland selves <strong>of</strong> such literary organs to makecommon cause, and to contribute to theairs. The soiree was followed by anassembly.AN COMUNX ILEACH : THEGLASGOW LSLAY ASSOCIATION.The twelfth annual gathering <strong>of</strong> thenatives <strong>of</strong> Islay and their friends washeld in the Queen's Rooms, Glasgow, onWednesday evening 17th ult. ; Mr. Murdoch,the editor <strong>of</strong> the Highlander, inthe chair. There was a very large muster<strong>of</strong> both ladies and gentlemen, the haUbeing tilled in every part. Among thosewho supported the Chairman on the platformwere—Alessi-s. D. M 'Galium, .J.M'Eachran, Major Wilson, CaptainsCurrie, Menzies, Ross, Maceachran, <strong>of</strong>the 105th Regiment ; Messrs. DonaldBrown, Captain JM'Neill, N. M'Neill, W.G. Pinkerton, John M'Intyre, and others.After tea the Chairman delivered anexcellent speech, in which he said thatthe boundaries <strong>of</strong> the islands and glensmust no longer circumscribe their sympathies; they must all act together infuture, and if they did that they wouldsoon solve "The Land Question," whichwas now coming to the front. Islay men,Skye men, and all other Highlandersmust lend their aid and settle this gravequestion, on principles which Highlandersand understood better than most othersdid. In times gone by Highlanderspulled together in the tug <strong>of</strong> war, butnow thej'' must work .shoulder to shoulderto form a public opinion which will servenot only themselves, but the whole nation.There were also philosophical and literarypurposes for which they must combine.There were vast literary treasures in proseand verse which must be preserved andmade public for the good <strong>of</strong> others, asrest <strong>of</strong> the world the mental treasurewhich they possessed.The soiree was not over till after eleven.Then came the assembly, which wasopened with a grand march, the twopipers, M'Phedran and M'Phee playing atine tune, composed between them.THE GLASGOW SKYE ASSO-CIATION.The seventh annual social meeting washeld on the night <strong>of</strong> Friday, 5th Dec,187.3, in the Queen's Rooms. The President<strong>of</strong> the Glasgow Skye Association(Mr. Lachlan Macdonald <strong>of</strong> Skeabost)occupied the chair, and among the gentlemenon the platform were Pr<strong>of</strong>essorYoung, <strong>of</strong> Glasgow University; Dr.Pearson, Messrs. T. Williamson, C. M.Williamson, J. M. Ross, R. H. Macdonald,(vice-president <strong>of</strong> the Association), W. F.Shaw, Dr. D. Campbell Black, J. M.^Macqueen, Maclachlan, George Maclean,John Hart, A. Shaw, &c. After tea, thechairman addressed the meeting. Thatby the new education act all parents werecompelled to havetheir children educated,whether they had the means or not.There was one part <strong>of</strong> the educationalcode on which he would say a few words,because it was <strong>of</strong> vital importance tothem^he meant that j)art <strong>of</strong> it whichreferred to their mother tongue—to theexistence, he should say, <strong>of</strong> the Gaeliclanguage. (Apjjlause.) If he mistooknot, if the present intentions <strong>of</strong> theSchool Boards over aU the Island <strong>of</strong> Skyewere carried out, all the old Gaelic schoolswould be swallowed up by the newEnglish schools, so that it was a questionfor them now whether the Gaelic languagewas to be blotted <strong>of</strong>i the face <strong>of</strong> the islandor not, and the only way <strong>of</strong> saving theirmother tongue would be by jjeople interestedin the island, inducting allthe members <strong>of</strong> the School Boardsto have one Gaelic class taught inthese schools. (Applause.) The continuance<strong>of</strong> the old Gaelic schools could notwell as for their own honour. The opinionwas at one time inculcated that therewas nothing in Highlanders or theirspeech which was <strong>of</strong> any value. This wasone <strong>of</strong> the most deadly opinions, for itwent to depress their self-advancement.But there was a change, and now wehave the learned <strong>of</strong> all lands calling uponus to let them have the light which ourspeech, our traditions, our legends, andour poetry can shed upon philology, his-be expected. He did not think a betterclass could be had than that in whichreligious instruction was imparted throughtory, and anthropology. This imjiroved the medium <strong>of</strong> the Gaelic language. Heopinion, he held, would have the effect <strong>of</strong> was sure this would be in accoi-dance with
;—.352 THE GAEL. January, 1874the feelings <strong>of</strong> all the Skye people, andhe knew that notliing would delightparents more than to hear their childrenlisping their catechism in their mothertongue rather than in English, whichsome <strong>of</strong> them did not understand. Itwould he a shame on their part if theyallowed their ancient language to becomeone <strong>of</strong> the dead languages. Some peoplehad maintained that this was the languagespoken by Adam on that interestingoccasion when he named tlie l)easts, butwhether or not, it was sufficient for themto know that it was spoken by theirancestors, even from the time <strong>of</strong> the firstRoman invasion. (Applause.) It wouldbe almost an insult to the present generationto suggest that they should forgetthe Gaelic language. (Loud applause.)R. H. Macdonald, Esq., vice-president<strong>of</strong> the association, then read the report <strong>of</strong>the directoi-s, in which a list <strong>of</strong> the <strong>of</strong>ficebearers—Mr.Lachlan Macdonald <strong>of</strong> Skeal)03tas president, Mr. R, H. Macdonaldas vice-president, Mr. J. Macqueen assecretary, and Mr. John Mackinnon astreasurer—was given. He need hardlytell the association that during the lastfew years it had been almost dox-mant]mt they had been doing a little good, asthey had still beds in the Royal Infirmary,and they had also been successful in gettingrespectable situations for young menbelonging to the island, and had communicatedwith gentlemen in difi'erentparts <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, asking them to givetheir countenance and support to theassociation. (Applause.)Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Young then addressed themeeting, and said that he was glad tohear the emphatic appeal <strong>of</strong> the presidentin behalf <strong>of</strong> the (iaelic language. Weare told that the language, like the musicwe have just heard, is out <strong>of</strong> date, unrefined,and must be swept away. I hopeit is long till the day when weakly sentimentalismshall carry its point, and extinguisha language and a music whichexert such a wonderful power over thepeople, and which are iised to maintainthe traditions <strong>of</strong> the Highlands, but arenever used to injure the good order <strong>of</strong> thecountry, nor to obstruct its progress.We hear it constantly said tliat Gaelicprevents the children from learningEnglish. That is true, when, as I haveseen, a Normal School teacher who hadno (iaelic, could teach a class <strong>of</strong> fishermen'schildren to read a1)out ships withoutteaching them what the English wordsmeant. He blamed the Gaelic; but itwas himself who was at fault. I hopethat long before the language has becomea tradition, 'this and other associationswill have united in tlie efi"ort to establisha chair in some University. (Applause.)Mr. Charles Macdonald Williamsonspoke <strong>of</strong> the pleasure <strong>of</strong> renewing e.irlyassociations at a meeting like this. Theymight well be proud <strong>of</strong> their island,\\-hich for l^eauty, grandeur, and variety,Avas not surpassed.<strong>An</strong> assembly followed, which waslargely attended and was kept up withmuch spirit. Inverness Courier.NEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.RoGART.—The Rev. Alexander Mackaj'was ordained last week minister <strong>of</strong> theFree Chiirch here. The <strong>of</strong>ficiating clergymenwere the Revs. Messrs. Aird, Creich;Falconer, Rosehall ; and Mackay, Inverness.Seawn Dana. — We understand thatMessrs. Maclauchlan & Stewart have inthe press a new edition <strong>of</strong> Smith's SeannDana with an English translation in verseon opposite pages, dissertations on thelangtiage, philological notes, &c.Easdale.—The ninth annual soiree andball <strong>of</strong> the natives <strong>of</strong> Easdale, Luing, andSeil, resident in Glasgow, was held in theGrown Halls on the evening <strong>of</strong> Friday12th December. There was a largeattendance. Mr. D. Cowan occtipied thechair, and in the course <strong>of</strong> his openingremarks said, that they all loved <strong>Scotland</strong>,but they loved the Highlands more,and especially those green isles <strong>of</strong> the seaM'here most <strong>of</strong> them first realized theluxury <strong>of</strong> nature and the sweetness <strong>of</strong>life. It had <strong>of</strong>ten seemed to him that aHighlander, surrounded as he was in hisearliest j'ears by fine scenery and thebeauties <strong>of</strong> nature, should be a noble, puresouledman. He advised the young men,though surrounded by so many temptations<strong>of</strong> city life, never to be guilty <strong>of</strong>anything tliat would bring the flush <strong>of</strong>shame to their cheeks ; never to forgetthe Ijcauty <strong>of</strong> their native land, nor theinnocence <strong>of</strong> their early years, and nevercease to cherish love for their Highlandhome. Miss Fletcher, Mr. J. D. Hozie,and Mr. Houston, were engaged asvocalists, and several members <strong>of</strong> thecompany, including Mr. Donald Graham,formerly so well known in Oban for hiaservices in this line, sang Gaelic songa.The stirring strains <strong>of</strong> the bagpipes als<strong>of</strong>ormed a prominent feature in the evening'sentertainment.
nochdainnG^ -A. I ID S: E .^ LII. Leabh.] CEUD MHIOS AN EARRAICH, 1874. [24 Air.AN CORAL.Mar is mo a bheachdaicheassinn air oibre an Ti uile-bheannaichtea dhealbh na li-uile uithele focal a chumhachd fein, 's aimis mo a bheir sinn fa'near arn-aineolas agus ar neo-iomlaineachdfein. Is dall da-rireadh anduine sin nach 'eil a' faicinn gubheil oibre an Tighearna gu soilleirchorail, a ta co ro lionmhor anna' foillseachadh a mhaitheis, a an cuanta na h-Airde deas. Thaghliocais, agus a chumhachd neochriochnachna beathaichean so co anabarrachfein. Ge b'e ait air beag, 's gur ann air eiginn a chith-an seall sinn chi sinn meur an ear iad leis an t-suil luim; gidheadhDe uile-lathairich air a nochdadhann an lionmhorachd do-aireamh beag mar a ta iad, tha oibreairandeanamh leo a ta iongantach,nan nithean sin a rinneadli leis. mor. Tha iad a' togail suas aitreibhTha 'chruitheaclid Ian de chreutaireande chreagan mora oghrunndanus am bheil beatha, a ta na fairge, a ta da-rireadh miorbhuileachri'mair an cum ail suas le caomhfhreasdalfaicinn. Goirear riuan Ti a dhealbh iad. so creagan a chorail; agus marGheibhear na creutairean sin de fhoillseachadh air oibre an Tigach meud agus dealbh, agus uile-chumhachdaich, tha sinn angheil)hear aca an nadur agus an dochas gu'm bi cunntas air nacleachdanna fein fa leth Ma creagan sin araon freagarrachdh' ainhairceas sinn air feadh na agus feumail 's an aite so.talmhainn chi sinn mile de mhilteanIs ann air eiginn a chreidearcreutair de gach gne. 'S an gu'm b'urrainn creutairean co roadhar os ar ceanii, tha'ii eunlaitheugsamhla maraon lionmhor agusmheanbh ballachan ard a thogailanns a chuan, de stuth co cruaidhiongantach. Ceart mar sin tha ris a' chloich fein, agus na ballachancreutairean na fairge, far a bheiliad 'n am miltean a' gluasad a reir sin na ceudan mile ann amfad ; ach tha e 'n a ni deai'bhta guan gne am measg nan uisgeachan. bheil iad 'g an deanamh, agus isNach ceart a thigeadh dhuinneigheach a mach maille ris ant-Salmadair ? " Is lionmhor, aThighearna mo Dhia, na nithe at'oibre iongantach agusrinn thu !do smuainte d'ar taobh-ne, cha 'n*eil e 'n comas a chur a sios anordugh dhuit ; aguschuirinn an ceill iad ; ach tha iadni's lionmhoire na gun gabh iadaireamh." Salm xi. 5.A reir coslais, tha na h-uireadde luchd - leughaidh a' Ghaidh-EIL nach cuala riamh iomradhmu mheanbh-bheathaichean a'minic a mhothaich maraicheanna ballachan cln-eag sin chumaimhleas dhoibh fein agus d'anlongaibh.Tha cuid de miieanbh-bheathaichhana' churail co mor am23
Tha;354 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud SIhios an Eanaieh, 1874.meud ri fineior, no ri fride, achtha CLiid eile dhiubh moran ni'slugha na sin, agus cuid co anabarraclimeanbh 'sgu feumargloineachanmu'm faicear idir iad. Isiongantach da-rireadh an cumhachda tlmgadh do na creutaireanbeaga so a chum oibre a dheanamh,nach b urrainn uile innleacliddhaoine a dheanamh gubràth. Tha cumhachd aca stutha tharruing auisgeachan a' chuain,a ta cosinhuil ann an nadur ri aol,agus cuiridh iad an stuth so 'n amheanbh-earrainean air a cheilegus am fas e'na chreigchruaidh,charraich, Ian de sheomraicheanbeaga a ta aca mar aitean-comhnuidh.Tha na creagan a nithearair an diogh so de'n aon stuth rislige, agus an uair a loisgear iad,ni iad, mar na sligean fein, ant-aol a 's fearr. Tha 'aite-comhnuidhfein aig gach meanbhchreutairdhiubh so, agus tha gnena h-ordaig corr a's mile aitecomhnuidh,agus gach aite air adlieasachadh air son 'fhir-taimhefein ! na creutairean dichiollachso a' siolachadh gu robhras. Tha 'n oigridh a' tighinna uibhean beaga a ta air ambeirsinn anns na tuill far a bheilna meanbh-chreutairean a rug iada' gabhail conihnuidh. <strong>An</strong>n ambeagan laithean an deigh dhoibhna h-uibhean 'fhagail, tha iad a'toiscachadh air aitean-comhnuidha dheanamli dhoibh fein ; agustha e 'n a ni iongantach gur annair uachdar nan aite-comhnuidhanns an d' rughadh na h-uibheanas an d' thainig iad fein, a tha iada' deanamh sin. Air an doighso, tha 'n linn a chaidh seachadair an druideadli a suas, ti^us airan adhlachadh beo 'n an tigheanfein, as nach urrainn iad a chaoidhfaotuinn a mach, le tighean ansliochd. Mar so tha aon linn a*cur as do linn eile, agus mar sotha creag a chorail a' fas mor, lesreath an deigh sreatha de natighean a bhi air aa togail airuachdar a cheile ! Tha na meanbhchreutaireaniongantach so agoibreachadh le riaghailt ai*aidh abhuineas dhoibh fein. Tha fiosag na h-uile air an eagnuidheachdleis an dean na seilleineanna cirean-meala, agus air andichioll a nochdas na seangana 'nan oibribh fein, a reir an gneach tha 'n eagnuidheachd agusuidheim aige aig dorus a thighe an dichioll ceudna air an nochddadhle meanbh-bheathaichean a'fein, leis an glac e creutaireanbeag' eile air feadh na mara air chorail ann an doimhneachd nason loin. Chum beachd a thoirt fairge ! Tha na creagan corail airair meud nan aiteachan-comhnuidhaig na creutairean ionachd.Tha cuid ag eirigh suas oan dealbhadh de gach uile chumgantachso, tha e air 'Ihaotuinn ghrunnd na mara mar chraobhana mach gu 'n comhduich aghaidh maiseach, a sineadh a mach ammeuran agus am meanglain airgach taobh. Tha cuid eile a' fassuas mar phreasanaich, agus marluibheannach aillidh fo 'n Ianìjhlath, agus a' nochdadh nandath a's boidhiche agus a's soilleire.Tha na dathan a chithearair na coilltean corail sin anabarrachmaiseach. Tha dearg,donn, buidhe, uaine, gorm, agusgach atharrachadh dreach eile ri'm faicinn air an cur gu h-innleachdachair feadh a cheile, annsa' choral. Ceart mar a ta na
AchChaCeml Mliioi aii Eanakii. 1S74. AN GAIDHEAL. :3.jocoilltean de gach gue a fas airna beanntan air tir, mar sin thacoilltean corail a' ias a nios agninnd na fairge, gu ruig ah-uachdar, far a bheil an doimhneachdna ficheadan aitheamh,agus far a bheil sruthan bras aguslaidir ! Nach miorbhuileach gu'n deanadh creutaii-ean co beagobair co ro mhor ! feumara tlioirt fa'near gu bheil obairnan creutairean so, ann an cuantanna h-airde deas, gu minic coro mhor 's gu bheil iad 'n an cuiseagail gu trie do 'n mharaiche.<strong>An</strong>n am meadhon a chuain mhoir,na ceudan mile o thir sam bith,gheibhear na creagan corail ageirigh gu h-uachdar na mara, nam ballachan laidir, air an togailann an cuairtibh mar fhainneachanfarsuing, anns am bi a'mhuir ciuin, reidh 'n am broinn,'n uair a bhios na tonnan atmhoragus ànradhach air an taobh amuigh de na ballachan sin. Thana fainnean mora sin a' cumailfasgadh cuain 'n am broinn fein,an uair a chithear geal-ghairenan tonn a' briseadh cruinnthimchiollnan creag o 'n leth amuigh.Ged nach 'eil an coral feinag eirigh tliar uachdar an t-saileianns na cearcallan iongantach so,gidheadh is minic a thogas an t-anradh-fairge mirean briste de 'nchoral suas os ceann nam ballachan,air choir 's gu bheil eileananair an deanamh air an doighso leo. Chum beachd a thoirtair meud nam ballachan so ,bithid hiongantas air ur luchd-leughaidha chluinntinn gur trie a chunnacasiad o cheithreamh mhile gu mileair lend, agus iad sin a' deanamhfainne no cearcall anns a bheil <strong>of</strong>hicead gu sea fichead mile astairmu 'n cuairt. Nach anabarrachmor an soitheach-uisge so, a thagu minic o thri gu sea ceud troidhann an doimhneachd ! n'eil am ballachan Bhabiloin, ballamor China, agus ann an togalaicheanbarra-chaol {Pyramids)na h-Eiphit ach mar obairchluichena cloinne, an coimeasri meud nam ballachan miorbhuileachso a ta air an dealbhadh 'sa' chuan dhoinionnach le creutaireanCO anabarrach meanbh !Tha, mar is trie, dorus n<strong>of</strong>osgladh ann am ballachan nancearcall mora a dh' ainmicheadh,farsuing ni 's leoir a chum comasa thoirt da na longan a's mo,seoladh a steach 'n am broinn,far am faigh iad deadh acarsaid,agus fasgadh o gach gaoth asheideas.A thuilleadh air na h-oibremora so am meadhon a chuain,tha lionmhorachd eileanan ann ata air an cuartachadh le ballachancorail aig astar araidh a mach othir. Tha Eilean na Frainge{Ide <strong>of</strong> France) mar so air adhionadhceithirthimcliiollle ballacorail, agus iomadh eilean eile abharr air. Tha e iongantach r' asmuaineachadh gu bheil a ghnatlifosgladh anns na ballachan sin,direach mu choinneamh gachacarsaid agus loch's na h-eileanansin, air an seol na soithichean astigh gu tir. Chunnaic amFreasdal iomchuidh a' chuis a bhimar so, oir na 'm bitheadh naballachan corail gun fhosgladli 'sam bith, a' cuairteachadh gacheilean air on doigh ud, cha 'nfhaigheadh soitheach sam bith achoir an fhearainn gun a bhiair a sgealbadh as a cheile.Air taobh na ear-thuath de
356 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud Mhios an Earralch, 1874Australia, tha balla corail mu aig a bheil a chaomh f hreasdaldheich mile a mach o thir, a tha OS ceanu 'oibre gu leir. <strong>An</strong> uaircon- a's seachil ceud mile air fad, a bhios siun a' suidheachadh aragus is miuic a cliaidh soitliichean n-inntinn air gach obair mliiorbhuileacha chithear mu 'u cuaii-ta bhriseadh 'u am bloighdean airagus a cliailleadli na sgioliaireanachadhle mor umhlachd airduinn, bu choir duinn beachd-Cha 'n urrainu duiun aig an am cumhachd, gliocas, agus maitheasso gach ni mu 'n choral ainineachailh.Tha e r' a f liaicinuneo-chrioclmach an Tighearnafoliutha atharrachadh cumachdagus dealbh, 's uaeh 'eil e comasachan aiumeaeliadh fa leth.<strong>An</strong>n an aiteau eile de 'n t-saoghal,tha eileanan air an aiteachadhagus air an comhdachadh lecraobhan de gach gne a ta air ansteidheachadh air na creagancorail. Rinneadh na creagan udan toiseach gu uaehdar na fair:^eleis na meanbh chreutairean adh' ainmieheadh, agus a ris, bhana creagan fein a tional gachstuth air an uaehdar a bha ncuan a' tilgeadh suas, gus mudheireadh an d'-flias an stuth sindaingean, agus an do thoisichfeur agus luibheannach de gachseorsa air fas suas gu dosrach aguspailt.Am measg uil'-innleachdan anduine, agus dh' aindeoin a sheoltachdgunitheiongantach a dhealbhadhagus fhaotuinn a mach,cha robh e riamh 'n a chomasfearann tioram a dheanamh dhafein anu am meadhon na fairge.Gidheadh rinneadh an gniomhiongantach agus mor so, cha 'nann leis an duine' ach le creutairmeanbh, a ta mar neoni 'n a shuilean—creutairco ro bheag 's gurann air eigiun a tha cumhachdaig suil an duine a leirsinn idir.Ach cha 'n 'eil ni ar bith neochomasachdo 'n Ti uile-chumhaclidacliagus uile-bheaunaichteDe uile-ghlormhor a dhealbh nah-uile nithe. Tha cumhachd anduine mar neoni, seadh ni's lughana neoni an coimeas ri cumhachdan Ti bheannaichte sin a ehruthaiche. Cha 'n urrainn sinne,cha 'n e 'mham na nithe a's lughaa chruthachadh, ach na nithe achruthacli Dia agus a chairich efa chomhair ai- sul, a thuigsinn.Tha sinn a' faicinn an f heoir airna raointibh, ach cha 'n 'eil f hiosagainn cia mar tha e "fas suasagus a' teachd fo bhlath. Thasinn a' faicinn oibre innleachdachgach meanbh chreutair 's a'mhuir agus air tir, ach cha 'naithne dhuinn an seol neomhearachdachair a bheil iad a'saothaireachadh. Tha sinn a'faicinn nan creagan corail air andealbhadh am measg nan tonnbuaireasach le creutau'ean romheanbh,achcha mho is urrainnsinn a thuigsinn an seol air a bheilcumhachd aca ni co miorbhuileacha dheanamh, na 's urrainnsinn a thuigsinn an seol air abheil a' ghrian, a' ghealach, agusna reultan, a' siubhal gu neomhearachdachann an gorm-astarnan speur. 'S e ar dleas 'uas,gidheadh, a bhi' beachdachadh gucuvamach air oibre a' Chruithfhirbheaunuiehte, chum ar n-irioslachda dhusgadh, agus a chumgloir a thoirt d' a ainm naonihasan,Am bi sinn gach la ag
'N—!;! cha—!—Ceud Mhios an Earraich, 1874. A.N GAIDHE kh. 857imeachd am meitsg mhiorbhuilna cruitheachd, gun mheur a'Chruithfhir 'fliaicinn anns gachni mu 'n cuairt duinn ? Na biodha' chuis mar so, oir is leoir nanithe a's lugha air an comasduinn amharc chum ar deanamliumhal, agus agus a cluum toirtoirnn eigheach a luach, " Is airidhthusa a Tigliearna, air gioir, agusurram, agus cumhachd'fhaotuinn;oir chnithaich thu na h-uilenithe, agus air son do thoil-satha iad, agus chruthaicheadhiad." Taisb. iv. 11.Sgiathanach.'DAN, AIR F O G R A D H A NG A I D H E A L.LE SEUMAS MUNRO.A Mhic-talla na Gàitlh'lteaehd,Ciod a's fath so do'ii ghàir tha's a' Gleann?Cluimieam ciùcharan phàisteanAgus ochanaich mhà'irichean aim ;Reachdraich dhaoine fo àmhghar,Caoidhrean ògan 's ailleagan faun ;Learn is tiamhaidh 'cho'-gliairich'Tha a' taomadh A d' àros 's an am !' Tha thu d' choigreach 's na Gleanntaibh,'Fhir 'tha 'ceasnachadh Sean-ghuth nanearn,No cha b' fhàth dhuit 'bhi feòraichCiod a's aobhar do m' chò'-ghair-s'an trà s'Tha Luchd-duchais na Tire'S iad 'g am fògairt à innsibh an graidh'N diugh tha 'n Gleann so 'g a sgaoileadh,—Agus sin a's ceann-aobhair do 'n ghàir !'S e 'Vjhi 'g ai'ris gach comhraidh'Thig am charabh is dògh dhomh o thus,Ach tha m' aigne fo dhòlasA bhi 'g ai'ris air brim mo luchd-diich ;Rànaich naoidheanan òga,Tùrsa sheann mhnathan breòite gun surd,Cnead nan sean fhear fo dhùruinn,Agus ospail a' chròilein gun lùs !Gu 'n robh m' ath-sgal neo-aobhaidh'N am 'bhi 'g ai'ris na gaoire 'bha Tuath,Agus aitreibh 'g an sgaoileadhA's an lasair 'n a caoiribh m' an stuaidh !Tailmrich shaighdeir a's mhaora,Braghail chabar a's thaobhau am chluais,Donnal chon' mar ri caoineadhNam panal falt-sgaoilte gun tuar Ib' ionann 's na fuaimeanSin a b'èibhinn le m' chluais ann o chein,B' iad ceol-uiaidne nan gruagacb,Mar ri ceilearadh bhuachaill, mu 'nspreibh ;Sgal an t-seannsair 'g am ghluasadAgus fathrum ua Tuath 'dol gu feum,JMoch, a's ceo mu na cruachaibh,A's an dealt air na bruachaibh fo ghrèin'Nuair a dhùisgeadh an t-Sàbaid,Dh' eisdinu cliu as gach fàrdaich 'dol suasA' toirt molaidh do 'n Ard-righ,Agus dh' ai'risimi tlàth air an fhuaim,'8 air na h-ùrnaighibh diomhair'Dheant', gu h-iimhlaidh, aig iochdar nambruach,No fo sgàile nan craobha'Bhiodh ag aomadh ri taobh nan sruthbuan.'S na 'm biodh Càs ag cur campairAir an Duthaich, no'm Fraugach ri strith,Dh' eireadh sluagh as na Gleanntaibh<strong>An</strong>ns an am ud, a chaml)acli mu 'n Righ,'S sin air iarrtas nan uachd' ranTha a nise 'g am fuadach a 'n glimi,Chionn le Gionach ua Buannachd,Gur h-annsa na sluagh leotha NiSid dol roiun de na TriathaibhA rinn liansgradh o 'n t-siol a bha ann,'Meas na Tuath' mar shliochd diolain,A's 'g am fuadach gu h-iargalt o 'n rann ;Cha 'n 'eildidionn no tìalacìidTins a's ceanal nan riaghlaf ach gann ;'Righ ! cha b' ionuan o chian so,'N uair bha 'Thuath aig gach Triath mara chlann.<strong>An</strong>aghaol sùigh agus mearchais.Mar ri mor-chuis a's aintheas a's pròis,Chuir na Fearainn an ainfhiach,Agus b' èudar au cearbadh air or ;'N luchd-lagh' 'chaidh 'g an teanchdadh,Mar bu nòs, chuir an anacheart am moid.Gus am b' eiginn 'na sealbhan'Uile 'mhalairt air airgead na ròic !So rinn fàsaichean faoine,Lòm, iiiteach gun daoine, 's an Fhonn'S au robh dillseachd a's daondachd<strong>An</strong>n an còuuidhibh faoilidh nan sonn ;—'8, far am buainteadh na raointean,'S cianail mèilich nan caorach ceann-lom'N ionad dhuanagan gaolachNan gruagach a b' aobhaiche fonn I-8o rinn cònard a's garbhlach,Le ain-dlighe, a thoirmeasg do chloinuSin nan sàr-churaidh garga'Chum Triatha nan Garbh-chrioch 'n augreim
; "'S luchd a sheasamh na h-àr'aich('S do 'm bu gbnathach buaidh-làrach) d'an dith.Tha mo chlann-sa mu 'n cuairt domh,'S tha mi 'faotainn sgeòil uapa, mar thaCùisean làimh-riu a' gluasad<strong>An</strong>ns na glinn anns an dual dhoibh 'bhitàmh ;Tha mòr-chliù air Triath Chluainidh,Chionn e 'ghleidheadli an dualchais marbhà,'S nach do chuir e air fuadachAon teaghlach de'n t-sluagh'tha fa sgàth.'S ion 'bhi luaidh, mar an ceudna,(A's bu diiibhail mur eight' e 's an uair)Gu 'm bi Comunn na FeileComhla, cruinn an Dun-eideann gu luath,'Chumail ciùil agus eididhAgua cainnte nan aleibhtean a suas —;Gu 'n robh cliii agiis eibhneasA mhaireas gach re, dhoibh mar dhuais !3.3.S AK GA1I)HEAL.eiui iJliioa an Earraich, 1874.Le tròun-chalmachd an gàirdeau,A's uach il' araicli aoii am oi'ra foill !'S truagh an diiis/h learn gu 'n d' fhàgadh<strong>An</strong> iarmad air fàrsan, gun agoinn !Acli, na 'n tòirlearaadli Baoghal'Nuas, a bhagradh nam fraoch-bheanu 'snam frith,Bhiodii na IMaithean ud faondrach,A's an Cabraich 's an Caoraich gun bhrigh,Ach gu Ion do na nàimhdeanA glirad chiosnadb, gun taing dhoilib, anTir,'S ion bhi 'g iomradh mar chùmhlaAir cliii Mhic an Tòisich a' Bhràigh,'S Mhic 'ic Eògha'n nam mòr-chruachNach do fhùgair an slòigh as an aitCliù Mhic Shimi na h-Airde,Agus cliii Mhic 'ic Phndruic tha sàr ;'S bidh am brataich-san làidir<strong>An</strong> uair a bhi«s fàilinn air Càch !—COMHRADH NAN CNOC.AONGHAS, KACHANN, ETC., AGUS AMMINISTEAR.(BJio 'n Teachdaire Ghaidhealach).muileann gliougach a' ghlinii bhig,Theid againn air, t/ieid againn air.Each.—Mata is briagh an t-inuleachddrocliaid feiu ; is nior amfeum a bh' air te an so. 'S iomadhmiobhadh a bha daoin' a' faotainn aira' blieul-atha so. A' bheil cuinihu'agnd air an oidhch' a bha sinn airtòrradh bHthair do shean-athar ?Aon.—Fhir mo ghraidh, nach tubha thall 's a chnnnaich sin, Tha,agns bithidh cuimhn' agam air. 'Sann air na daoin' a bha 'n saod mathan oidhche sin fein, a's dh' fhendadhiad ;bha 'u Toiseachd ui bu jihailtena tha e 'u diugh. B' e sin an torradh,'s cha b' e torradh spiocach nabochduinn, leis a bheil iad a nis a'cur dhaoine coire, fiachail fo thalamh.Seum.— 'S i mo bharail, a dhaoiue,gu 'm feudadh cuimhn' a bhi agaiuunil' air an torradh a bha 'n sin. Isminic a chuala mi 'm athair a' seanachasair.Each. — Tha thu ceart, bha elathair, agus bu ghramail, sgairteilan ceatharnach e 's an am sin.Seum.—Ma 's fior an seauachascha 'n fheumadh e a sgairt a bhi 'n asporan ; tha mi 'm barail uach b'uilear dhuibh uile gach sgairt a bh'agaibh.Each. — Bha sgrobadh mosachann ; ach 's minic a chuniiaic sinu nibu mhios 's a' chladh cheudna. Agusged is cinnteach gur e 'n drama buchoireach, 's e 'n t-aon siochaire buleibidich' a bha 's an duthaich a thoisichan iorghuill, agus b' e sin Parasaighdear, sgealb de dhuine 'bha chochrosta ris an dris. Co blia 'n afliear-freasdail againn ach lain-nabeiimeagus cha b' e sin Lamh naEach. — Tha thug- agaihh air,fheara. A bheil guth idir agaibhgorta.'eil cuimhn'Mur deanagam ciodmi breng cha 'na fhuair simiair s'gui-? Gn dearbh, Aongliais clia mu'n do thogadh an giulau ; ach tha'n 'eil ai) stac sin feiii furasd aas a laraicl).Aon.— 'S anil agam tha fios ;clinr cuimhn' agam gun do gabh sinnsgoba math aig Bealach-nan-carn,ach agus cliitlie tu corr-fhear gle thulgachcniaidh 's ga bheil e, mar thiiirt air a chasan a' tcarnadh a stigh na
gleCeud Mhios an Earralch, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 359catha OS cionn na h-eaglais ; ach 'sanil air deireadh an latha bu teothadhau cath ; thainig" am feasgar,agiis, a mliic chridhe, luidh sinn air.Ciod a th' agad aii', ach bha Paraig,'s e 'n a sliiiidhe air ultaich decliloich chruliiD, aims au turramanaich; auu am prioba na sul dh'flialbh a' chlacb, agiis sios cbaidb efein agus ise cax- air char leis a'bhruaich. Mar bha 'n tubaist aim,CO bha 'n a shuidhe lamh li Paraig,ach an ceatharnach cx)ir agiis b' e sinesan, Eoghau mor. Cha chomhdaicheadhan saoghal air Paraig,(agns e 'n a pheasan mar bha e),iiach e Eoglian a chnir leia a'blirnaich e, agus 'u a bhad a bhitheadhe ; ach b' e sin streap a' mlieasaiuris a'mhiol-chu; ach coma leatchaidh au ceol air feadh na fidhle, 'sbha 'u t-sabaid air bonn. Dh' eirichna h-uile fear gun fhios co bu Chahim,agus bha iad mar sin a' spiouadhagus a' sgrobadh a cheile, gus andeach an oidhcli' agus an abhaiuu s<strong>of</strong>eiiTs an eadraigiim. Raiuig sinn ambeul-atha so, 's a mach bhiodh nah-uile fear gun suim de 'u chlachran;agiis chitheadh tu iad a sios leis ant sruth, au sas 'n a cheile mar gu 'mbiodh coin air lothaiim ann, achfeuch riut, 'u uair chaidh iad ambogadh 's a' ghlumaig mhoir, nmrrobh iad glesgith d' a cheile; chluinneadlitu iad a' rocail thall 's a bhosmar ni an dobhran donn, ach chaluaithe fhuair iad gu tir, na bubhuidhe leis na h-uile fear a thigh athoirt a mach mar a b' fhearr a dh'fheiid e. Och ! 's ann air an duthaicha thai nig an da latha.Seum.—Mata bu ghraimda sin feina' measg luchd-duthcha.EoGH.— Coma co dhin, bha daoine'cordadh " mhath airson sin ; andram, fhir mo chridhe, a rinn uil' e,Aon.— Ciod eil' ach an dram?Minis.— Ciod so, Eachainn, a rinnan dram? Is iomad olc a rinn e riamh.Each.—Nach e sin fein an cliu ath' air ; ach mar thachair do 'u Eirionnach,cha 'n 'eil e ni 's measa natha 'n t-aiim dha ; is sil)h a thainigorm gun fhiosdhomh; tha 'n rathadso CO comhnard reidh 's nach cluinaduine an t-each donn fein a' tighinn,ge sunndach faramach a dh' fhalbhase : an saoil thu fein Aonghais nachbeo an da shuil 'tha 'n a cheaim.Aon.—ThaEachann agus mis' aMhini-steir a' tighinn air seann naidheachdan; tha e 'cuimhneachadhdhomh na thachair air torradhbhrathair a shean-athar ; agus a'-talach mar tha'n t-ol a'dol a cleachdadhair na ton-aidhibh.EoGH.—Cha 'n 'eil mis, Aonghais,a' talach air dith drama ;ge nach 'eilfhios agam co chuii'eas ri 'chluais lemoit e ni 's mo na ni mise; cha 'n 'eilmi dad ni 's deigheile air ua daoiu'eile ; ach 'u a dheigh sin 's gu leircha 'n fhaic mi c' arson a bhiodhte anaghaidh cuimse dheth an am feuma.Minis.— 'S e sin, am briathraibheile, an comhnuidh ; oir tha fiosagadsa far am bi deigh an dramanach robh leith-sgeul an drama riamhair chall. larraidh daoine 's an t-samhradh e chum am fionnarachadh,agus amis a' gheamhradh gu teas achur annta.Eoc4H.—<strong>An</strong> saoil sibhse 'n uairtha daoin' a' saoithreachadh tharmuir is monadh, mar is trie a tha iadair torradh, nach feum iad biadh a'sdench ?Minis.—Feumaidh, ach feudaidhiad biadh a's deoch a ghabliail anuam measarrachd, gun suidhe sios annan cladh n' an cill, aguy iad fein achur air an daoraich ; agus is tiic achunuaic mi, nach iadsan is faid' athig air astar is cionntaich anus a'chuis so. Chi mi gur iad na daoin'is dluithe air a' chladh is mo adh-itheas agus a dh-olas.Each.—Tha sin fior ; ach air leamfein, gu^grannd an gnothach daoiutj
860 AX GAIDHKAL. Ceml Mliios an Eairaich, 1874.fiachail a chur fo tlialanih mar gu'm b'anil gua fhios, gun iiiread ague'ii uair a tba bas anu au teagblacb,nacb ceadaicbear do na cairdibbtursacb au deoir a sbileadb aim ansitb, agus iad fein a strioclidadb gusanibacb do 'n Ti a smacbdaicb iad ;acb gu 'm feum iad eirigb le cridbebiclidaicbte le bi'ou a dbeasacliadbna fatbraire, agus O, bi sin a' cbuirnigun bblas, do gacb neacb aig a' bbeilmotbacbadh. Air mo shon feiu, 'nuair a cbithinn daoine a' suidbe siosair cbul garaidb anus a' cbill, a'sta(jiceadb feola, agus a' cnuacbdadbaraiu agus caise, agus ag ol le ciocras,is luiuic a cbuir e sgi-eiteacbd orm.Tha misg aig am no an aite sambitb ro gbraiiieil acb is i mbisg isoil I telle misg au torraidh. Ciod ausealladb is uambasaicbe na daoineair au dalladb le daoraicb, a' tuiteainair na leacbdaihb sin fo 'm bbeil ancaomb cbairdeaii 'n an sineadh, agusfar am bi iad feiu anu an uiue gbearra' Ijreothadb gu uir. Seadb, agusmar is Intheant a cbuunaic thus'Eacbainii, iad a' doi'tadb fola cacli acbeile air a' cbeart fboid sin air amfac' iad deoir nam banntracb agusnan dilleacbdau a' sileadb gu frasacb.B' e so, Eacbainn au sealladb gi'aineil,agus cha b' e a' mbeasai'racbd air abbeil tbus' a' talaclr Mo thraaigbesinn! tha sin ullamb ni 's leoir chumam bas adhi-cbiunibneacbadb, ged achumamaid air cbuimbne e an fbad'sa tha'n uaigb, a'cbiste, a'cbuuuub,'s an claigeanu ruisgte fa cbombairar sub 'S i so au t-searmoin, agusis cruaidb au cridbe air nacb di-uigbi. Tba fas-fhuaim eagallacb aig anuir a' tuiteam air a cbistidh#3u choirtoiuisg a dbusgadb suas 's an duine isneo-niotbachala. Tha a teagasgaraidh fein aig gacb uaigb fa leth,acb tba iomad teagasg cudtbromacbgloiu ol mar chuhnhiieachau orra.'Tha rathad laiuh ris an rathadmhor,' agiis cha 'u flieud e bliith aca gu leir. Tba gacb uaigb fbosgailte'feoraich dhiotsa, a' bbeil thusagum bl sibh an agbaidh cuimse.Minis. — Cuimse, Lacbainn, is uidbeaniaichte chum an saoghaldoirbii a radb ciod I'is an abradb tusa 'fbagail, agus a' cur an ceill duit gurcuimse. Nacb ciauail an gnotbacb duslach thu, agus a chum an duslaichgum pill thu faidbeoigb. Na 'nsrauainticbeadb daoin' air so mar buchoir dboibb, is ann le siuuaintestolda a sbeasadh iad m' an uaigb.Cha b' e fleadbacbas ua cuirm a dh'ian-adh iad, acb urdgneas agiis sandichairanus an guidheadb iad ar Dia nachuunaic iad a bbeanuachadh cbiuuleas an anama.Aon.— B' i sui an fbiriun ; 's ecridhealas 'bu lugha'bu choir tigbiunfaiuear dhuinn air a leitbid sin. dechodhail.Each.— Aidichidh sinu sin uile,acb gu de dheth sin, cha luaithe thigbas 's an rathnd, na chi mi gur mathleis na b-uile b-aou au gradb anocbdadh le dol gu cosdas mar nidaoiu' eile, chum crioch onarach, martheir iad, a thoirt dboibb.Minis.—B'fhearr dhoilib an gradba nocbdadh an fbad 's a dbeanadb efeum dboibb ; cha'n'eil ann au cosdastorraidh acb straic agus fearasmhor.Is aithne dhuits' iad, agus ismath is aithne dbonibs' iad a cbosdgu stadail, 's a cbuir iad fein foain-fbiacb air nacb d' fbuair iadfhathast an uacbdar, le torradb ancairdean, m'an robb iad caoin-sbuaracbre am beatba ; a dh' fbag au sudiad 's a' cbuil dhoiicbe gun suim 'u andeigh. <strong>An</strong> saoil tbu na 'm b' uirainudoibb ail gutb a tbogail o 'n uaigb,au abradb iad gu'n do cbuir strogbalacbdan torraidh comain orra Ì Murcoisinn daoine deadb chliu dboibbfein '» an t saoghal so, le giulaiiteisteii, ioiiraic, cha dean aon riombadbtorraidh suas doibh e ; agus creidthusa mis', Eachainn, ged a chosgadh
ì an Èarraich, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL.tu na th' agad amis an t-saoghal ;ged a rachadh tn do Gblasclin a dliiarraidhgoireis, is beag buidheachaisa bhiodh agad air U sbou air a' cbeaunfa dbeireadb ; bbiodb ciiid a' talacbagus a' cur iomchoir.Aox.— Ma ta, a Mbiuisteir, genacb 'eil mi 'cur an ag aou fbocal atba sibb ag radb, feumar aideacbadb,gn 'm bi baigh aig daoine ri cleacbdadban simisireadh, agus nacl) 'eilann am fear aig a' Ijbeil de mhisiiicba bbi air leth o dbauiuibb eile.MiNis.^O ! b' e sin letb-sgeiil uatriiaighe, leis a'bheil daohi' air ammealladh anns na nitbibb is cudtbromaicbe;cba toigb le daoia' a bbi air !etbo dbauine'eile, ged a tba na daoin' eilesin a' dol do ifi-inu. 'S e co-fbnrtaelidan dnine dboiia air tbalamb e ; acban saoil tbn, an toir e co-fburtacbddba aim an siorruidbeacbd, gu' nal)rar ris aim an dorainn gn bbeil emar dbaoiue eile ] Cba toigb learns'a bbi air leth air daoiu' eile anus anni tba dligbeacbagns ceart; acb fbad's a tba 'n ceartas am tliaic, is comaieam ged robb sluagb na dutbcbaam aghaidh. Is baigbeil lèamsacuimbne nan trenn o 'n d' tbainigsinn ; is measail learn na laraicbeanbriste 's an robb iad a cbombnidb,agns na leacbdan-ligbe aosmbar atba tbairis orra; is taitneacb Ieaman deise leis an do sbinbbail iad ant-aoiiacb, agns a' cbanmbuinn annsann deacbaidb an teauganna air tnsgn condn-adb ; acb tba fiosracbadbagaiune nacb rolib aca-san, agns anlean sinn na b-nile cleacbda a cbionnambani gnu robb e aig ar n-aitbricbeanlCba 'n 'eil an t-am fada tbairis'n nair a slialtair ar n-aitbrichean amBiobuU fo 'n casaibb, s a lub iad angluD do iodbalaibb breige ; acb ammiann leat gnu deanamaid an nicendua ? Cba gjjabb a b-aon agaibbgarbblacb an t-sleibb ud tball, nodoimbneachd ua h-atb nd tball, ar'ogbainu air combnard an ratbaidmboir,'sair tearuinteacbd nadrocbaid,a cbionn 's nacb robb a b-aou seachaon dinbb ann ri linn ar v{-aithricbibb.Tba baigb againn, agns tba e nadnrraa bbitb, ri cleachdanna ar n-aithricbibh,acb au e gn 'u stailceamaid sinnfein air larach nam bonn agns gn 'nleigemaid leis an t-saogbal gabhailair agbaidb mar a cbitear, ann amfiosracbadb agns ami an eolas ; agnsnacb ginaiseadh sinne a nnnn no nail,acb mar ghluais ua daoiue o 'u d'tbainig sinn. Tog dbeth, Aongbais,fbad 's is beo mi seasaidb mi macban agbaidb oil agus misg air torraidheau;ged a tba, bnidbeacbas do Dbiaair a sbon, an cleacbdadb uaracb soa' dol a uis air cul ; gidbeadb tba e'n a tbamailt do 'n sgireacb'd, agusdo gacb ueacb a bbuineas di. Acb o'u a tbacbair dhuiun tighiuu air aut-seauacbas so, inuis dbomb o 'n atba sibb uile co deigbeil air ur gradba uocbdadb dboibhsan nacb maireauo,c' arson nacb 'eil sibb a' cur leacbdaligbeOS au ciocin, no garadb cloicbem' au cladb anns a' bbeil iad 'n ansineadb. Cba ruig tbn leas inusedbomb gum bu iieo-ui sin doibhsan ;b' eadb, acb cba bn ueo-ni dluiinne e.Nacb bu taitneacb an ni ri ciuiueacbdmaduinn na Sabaid, au am dbitbacbadbair tigh aoraidb au Tighearna,ua b-uaighean anns a' bbeil ar cairdeau'nan suain, 'fbaiciuu, cba 'u ann,air an stampadb fo cbrodb agns focbaoraicb, acb gu tosdacb sambachmar bu cb
361 AN GAIDHEAL. ceud UrMoa an Earrnich, 187i.amh ; ' ach ii' an cuireadh sibli fein(leis gach ni math eile 'tlia sibh a'deananih) mu 'thiracliioll, cha chreidmi nach aoiitaicheadh g-ach duine 'san sg-ireaclid leibh ;agus ged a bbamis a' labbairt an diugb mar bha mi,mar l)u dùth do sbeaiui duine, aduiimaiciomadatharrachadh's an dutliaich,cha bhithinn air deireadh 's a' chuissin. ;Mo bheannachd leibh a Mhinisteir,agus gu ma math a theid sibhdhachaidh, agus cha bhi 'n t-eachdonn fada 'g a dheanamh.I. M'L.SGEULACHD AIR MAC-AN-RUSGAICH.(Air arjhaidh o'n aireamh ran dheireadh.)'N a dheigh sin chaidh Mac-an-Eusgaicha chur gu bhi 'n a ghille aig famhair abha dona d' a aheirbheisich.Itainig Mac-an-Rusgaich am famhair, 'athuirt e, " Tha do ghille air tighinn."Thuirt am famhair, " ^Nla 's gille dhomhsathu feumaidh tu comh-obair a chumailrium, air neo bristidh mi do chnamhan 'nam pronnan." Thuirt Mac-au-Kiisgaich," Oiod e ma dh' fhairtUcheas mi ort?"" Ma dh' fhairtlicheas," thuirt am famhair,"gheibh thu do dhuais d' a reir."" Ciod a tha sinn dol a dheanamh mata?" arsa Mac-an-Rusgaich. " Tha," ars'am famhair, ''Itheid sinn a thoirt dachaidhconnaidh." Dh' fhalbh iad a's rainig iada' choille. Thoisich am famhair air trusadha' h-uile bun a bu ghairbhe na cheile,'s thoisich Mac-an-Rusgaich air a' h-uilebarr a bu chaoile na cheile a thrusadh.Bheall am famhair air's thuirt e, ''Cioda tha thu a' deanamh mar sin ?" 's thuirtMac-an-Rusgaich, "Tha mise a los gu 'utoir sinn a' choillfe uile leinn, seach a bhia' fagail pairt di gun fheum 'n ar deigh."Thuirt am famhair, " 1'ha sinu gle fhadaaig an obair so ;bheir sinn dachaidh nah-eallaichean so, ach gheobh sinn obaireile a rithisd."B' i an ath obair a fhuair iad, dol al)huain saidhe, a's dh' iarr am famhair airMac-an-PtUsgaich eaan a dhol air thoiaeach.Gheuraich Mac-an-Rusgaich ans])eal, agus thoisich e 's chaidh e mu 'nchuairt ghoirid air an taobh a stigh, 'sbha aig an fhamhair ri dol cuairt a b'fhaiile air an taoilth a mach deth. " Ciode a tha thu a' deanamh mar sin ?" thuirtam famhair. "Tha," thuirt Mac-an-Rusgaich, ' ' mise a los gu 'm biiain sinn a'phàirc a dh-aon spadhadh an aite a bhi a'tilleadh air ar n-ais a h-uile uair sgheui-aicheamaid an speal, a's cha bhitiom chailltc idir agaiun." Chunnaic amfamhair gu 'm biodh an spadhadh aige-saumoran na b' fhaide na bhiodh spadhadhMhic-an-Rusgaich, 's thuirt e, " Tha sinngle fhada aig an obair so ; theid sinn adh-ionnsaidh oibre eile—theid sinn a'abuailidh sinn an t arbhar." Dh' fhalbhiad a dh-ionnsaidh bualadh an arbhair ;fhuair iad na suisdeachan, thoisich iad airobair, 's trath 'bhuaileadh am famhair ansguab bheireadh e oirre leum an aird tharan sparr, 'a trath 'bhuaileadh Mac-an-Rusgaich an sguab laidheadh i sios air anurlar - bhualaidli 'a theireadh Mac - anRusgaich ris an fhamhair, " Cha 'n 'eilthusa 'g a leth bhualadh ; nach toir thuoirre cruban mar a tha mise a' deanamh."Mar a bu laidire a bhuaileadh am famhair,is ann a b' airde a leumadh an sguab, 'sbha Mac-an-Rusgaich a' gaireachdaich air.Thiiirt am famhair, "Tha sinn gle fhadaaig an obair so ; feuchaidh mi air doigheile thu. Theid sinn 's feuchaidh sinn coagainn is laidire a thilgeas clach an aodauncreige a tha air taobh thall an eas.""Tha mi toileach, " arsa Mac-an-Eusgaich.Dh' fhalbh am famhair 's thrus e n.aclachan a bu chruaidhe a b urrainn da'fhaotainn, a's chaidh Mac-au-Rusgaich 'sfhuair e crèadh 's rothail e 'n a buillbheaga chruinn' i, agus chaidh iad a dhionnsaidhtaobh an eas. Thilg am famhairclach an aodann na creige 's chaidh a'chlacli 'n a criomagan, 's thuirt e ri Macan-Rusgaich," Dean sin, a bhalaich."Thilg Mac-an-Eusgaich dudan d' anchrèadh agus stic e ri aodann na creige,a's thuirt e ris am fhamhair, " Dean sud,a bhodaich." Thilgeadh am famhair cholaidir 's a b' urrainn da f acli mar bu mhoa chuireadh am famhair de neart leis a'chloich 's ann a bu mheanbha a Ijhristeadhi. Ghaireadh Mac-an-Eusgaich 's thilgeadhe ball beag eile d' an chreadh 'stheireadh e, " Cha 'n 'eil thu 'g a letlithilgeadh ; nach toir thu air a' chloichsticeadh amis a' chreig mar a tha mise a'deanamh." Thuirt am famhair, "Thasinn gle fhada aig an obair so ; theid sinn'a gabhaidh sinn ar dinneir, a's an sinfeuchaidh sinn co againn is fhearr a thilgeasa' clach-neart." " Tha mi toileach,"arsa ^bvc - an - Eusgaich, 's chaidh iaddachaidh. Thoisich iad air an dinneir,a's thuiit am famhair ri Mac-au-Rusgaich," Mur ith thu d' an aran 's d' an chaiseuibhir 's a dh' itheas mise, theid iall athoirt as do chraicionn bho chul do chinn
'' Tha''Ceud llhio? an Ean-Jiich, 1874. AK GAIDHEAL. 363gu d' shail." " Dean seachd dheth," arsaMac-au-Eusgaich, "air chumLa 's gu 'uteid seachd iallan a thoir as a' chraicionnagadsa bho chiil do chinn gu d' shail uiurith thu uibhir 's a dh' itheas mise."" Feuch riut ma ta," ars' am famhair." Stad gus am faigh mise deoch," arsaMac-an-Ru8gaich 'a chaidh e mach a dhfhaotainndeoch," agua fhuair e balgleathraich, 's chuir e am balg eadar aleine 's a chraiceann, 's chaidh e a stighthun anfhamliair 's thuirt e ris, "Feuchriut a nis." Thoisich an dithis air itheadhan arain 's a' chaise. Blia Mac-an-Ilus-Eusgaich a' cur an arain 's a' chaise annsa' bhalg a bha 'stigh fo 'leine. Mu dheireadhthuirt am famhair, " 'Is fearr sgurna sgaineadh.'" "Is fearr sgaineadhfhein na biadh math 'fhagail," arsa Mac-E,usgaicli. " Sguiridh mise," ars' amfamhair. " Theid na seachd iallana thoirt o chul do chinn gu d' shail,"arsa Mac - an - Rusgaich. " Feuchaidhmi fathast thu," ars' am famhair." Tha do dha roghainn agad," arsa Macan-Eusgaich.Fhuair am famhair grutha's cèa 's lion e cuman da fein 's cumaueile do Mhac-an-Rusgaich. " Feucharaaidco againn is fearr a nis," ars' amfamhair. "Cha'n fhada gus am faicearsin," arsa Mac-an-Ilusgaich. " Feuchamaidco againn is luaithe a dh' olas natha 's a' chuman." Dh' ol Mac-an-Rusgaicha leòir 's chuir a' chuid eile anns a'bhalg, 's bha e uUamh air thoisich air anfhamhair, 's thuirt e ris, Tha thu airdeireadh." Sheall am famhair air 'sthuirt e, " "'Is fearr sgur na sgaineadh. '" Is fearr sgaineadh fhein na biadh math'fhagail," arsa Mac-an-Rusgaich. "Theidsinn a mach a dh-fheuchainn co againn isfhaide a thilgeas a chlach-neart, m' andean siim tuilleadh," ars' am famhair."Tha mi toileach,"ai-sa iMac-an-Rusgaich.Chaidh iad a mach far an robh a' chlach,ach bha am famhair cho lan's nach b'urrainn da cromadh g' a togail. " Tog a'chlach sin agus tilg i," ars' am famhair.onair toiseacli tòiseachaidh gu bhiagad fein," arsa Mac-an-Rusgaich. Dh'fheuch am famhair ris a' chloich a tbogailach cha b' urrainn da cromadh. <strong>An</strong>sin dh' fheuch Mac-au-Rusgaich ri cromadh's thuirt e, " Cha bhi a leithid so debhalg a' cumail bacaidh ormsa," 's tharrainge sgian a truaill a bha ri 'thaobh,chuir « an sgian 's a' bhalg a bha air abheulaobh 's leig e mach na bha ann, agradh, " Tha tuilleadh ruim a mach na'tha 'stigh." Thog e sin a' chlach 's thilge i 's thuirt e ris an fhamhair, "Deansin." " iS^ach tilg thu na 's fhaide na sini?" ars' am famhair. "Cha do thilgthusa cho fada ri sin fhein i," arsa Macan-Rusgaich."A nail a so do sgian,"ars' am famhair. Shin Mac-an-Rusgaichan sgian aige do 'n fhamhair ;ghalih amfamhair an sgian agus stob e stigh 'n abhru i a's leig e mach am biadh, 's thuite gn lar, agus fhuair e bàs. ChaidhJdac-an-Rusgaich a stigh do thigh anfhamhair 's fhuair e an t-or 's an t-airgiodaige. Bha e an sin beairteach 's dh'fhalbh e dhachaidh Ian thoilichte.MU NA SEANN GHAIDHEIL.XVI.CEUD THUS NAN GAIDHEAL.Clia 'n 'eil eachdraidli chinnteachagaÌDU a dheaibhas gu soilleir cia asa tliainig na Gaidheil. A reir coslais,tliriall iad air tus o thir Armeniatroimli chomlinardaibli Asia thairisdo 'n Roinn-Eorpa aig sim cho fadao sliean agus nach 'eil cunntas airbith ann an eachdraidh mu 'thimchioll.<strong>An</strong> deigh sin sgaoil iad airfeadh na Roinn-Eorpa gu deas agusan iar, gus an do lion iad an Eadailt,a' Ghreig, an Spainn, an Fhraingagus a' Ghearmailt. Gheibhear ainmeanGaidhealach anns gach aon dena duthchannaibh sin, ni a dhearbhasgu 'n robh na Gaidheil uaireigin annsan til". Mar a bha iadsan a' triallgus an iar, bha sluagh eile a' tighinuas an deigh o 'n aii-de 'n ear, agusbha an ni so 'g an eigneachadh gusealltainn a mach air son aiteaucomhnuidhnuadh, 'n uair a bha naseann aitean ro chumhang, no air anglacadh leis an luchd-imrich ur athainig as an deigh. Air an doighso thriall iad air an adhart gus an dorainig iad taobh tuath na Fraingemu choinnimh Bhreatuinn. As anFhraing thainig iad a nail do thaobhdeas Bhreatuinn— oir cha 'n 'eil astarfada cuain eadar an da fhearann ;cha 'n 'eil an caolas ach mu thuaii-eamceithir mile fichead air lend,—uimesin bhiodh e furasda gu leoir dhoibh
j364 AN GAIDHEAL. ccud Mhios an Earriiicti, 1874.tighiun a nail ami an ciiraicliibli mara blia aca o shean. Lion iad air tusan earranu sin de Bhreatunu ris anabrar Sasonii air an latha 'n diugli,agus an sin sgaoil iad gu tnath gusan do lion iad an t-eilean gu li-iomlan.Tlia e cosnihuil gn 'm b' e " Albainn"an t-ainni a thug iad air an eileanair tus. <strong>An</strong> uair a tliainig sluagh|ur a nail as an Fhraing ris an abradh ,iad " na Cuiiurich" mar ainni, dli'|Ifhag na Gaidheil ceann deas an eileinaca fein. Mheasgaich an sluagh urso niaille ri cuid de 'n t-seann luchdaitich,agus an sin thugadh " Breatunn"mar ainm air an eilean ; achghleidh na seaiiu Ghaidheil an sealbhair ceann tuath an eilein agus leanan t-ainm, Albainn air a' cliuid sindeth oir b' e so an t-ainm a bha airan eilean gu h-iomlan air tus. <strong>An</strong>uair a lionadh an duthaich ledaoinibh, agus a dh' fhas i ro chumh--ang, sgaoil iad a mach gu Eii-innagus Manainn agus eileanaibh nah-airde 'n iar, niaille ri Arcamli agusSealtainn gu tuath. Cha 'ii 'eil esoilleir c'uin a thachair an imrich so,ach a reir coslais, feumaidh e blii<strong>An</strong> uair a sgaoil na Gaidheil ailfeadhna tire, bha iad air an roinn 'nan tineachaibh agus 'n an rioghachdaibhmar a bha cinuich eile ThaHomer, am bard Greagach ag innseadlidhuiun gu 'n robh moraii derioghachdaibh beaga agus de righribhanns a' Glu'eig ; bha na Canaanaichri linn losua air an roinn 'n amfineachaibh, agus a righ fein aig gachfine; agus b' i an aoii doigh riaghlaidha bha anns an Fhraing, 's an Eadailt's an Spainn agus aims a' Ghearmailt,aig" an am sin. Bha na righrean 'san am sin cho lionmhor ris na diucaibhagns ris na h-iarlachan air anlatha 'n diugh. Tha na Seanachaidheanag radh gu 'n robh seachdrighrean am measg na cuid sin de naGaidheil ris an abairteadh na " Pictich."Bha, mar an ceudna, moranrighrean agus fhineachan am nieasgnan Deas-Bhreatuunacli an uair atliainig Caesar. Cha robh tuilleadhughdaiTais no cunihachd aig narighribh so na bha aig na ciniifheadhnaGhaidhealach o chionu trino ceithir de cheudaibh bliadhna airais. Ged a bha an tiodal, righ, acacha b' iouanii cumbachd righ aig anama sin agus righrean an latha 'ndiugh. Air nairibh rachadh narighrean so ann an co-bhoinn ri cheilefo aoii ard-righ mora bha 'n a cheannai'dair each, mar a thachair ri linnChalgaich a bha a' cogadh li Agricolaagus na Eomanaich aig a' Gharbhmhonadh.D. B. B.CEOL NAN EAGLAISEANGAIDHEALACH:CANNTAIRKAOHD NA SREATH.A Ghaidheil Runaich,—Leughmi lu mor dhealas litir H.W. a thacorr agns coig no sea 'cheudanbliadhna roimh ar Slanaighear, oir,an uair a tliainig Caesar thairis doBhreatunn, bha na Cuimrich suidliichteanns an tir, agus fhuair Agricolaceanntuathan eilein aii-alionadhleis na Caledonaich aig an robhbailtean-mora daiiignichte agus arniailteanlionmhor sluaigh air soncogaidh. Mar so chi sinn gu 'n robhna Gaidheil suidhichte ann an ceanntuath iigus na Cuimrich ann an ceanndeas Bhreatuinn an uair a flniaradha mach an t-eilean leis na Ronian-iaich. Dh' I'heumadh iomadh linn dolseachad m'an tachradh na nitliean so,agus m'an rachadh na caochjaidheanud thairis air an tir, leis an d' tliainig toirt freagraidh do- m' cheud litirse.i gu bhi air a suidheachadh mar ii Tha mi ag aideachadh gu 'm bheil abhi i an nail- a fhuair na Romanaicl; litir fior shuairce agus uasal ; tha mia mach i.ag aideachadh gu 'n do chomharraich
;;—^Ceud Mhlos an Earraich, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 366a raach rannan anus a' Ghaidlilio; atha air gach seol cho rag agiis a bhaan rann a chomliarraicli e air tusamis a' Bheurla ;gidlieaclb, clia 'n 'eilsiun fathast a dh-aon bliarail muleugbadh nan sreatb. Tba mi fbatbast,gii dannara, ag radb gu 'm bbeilcaiintaireacbd nan sreatb co feumailan diugb agus a bba e o cbionn cbeudbliadbua au." ais. Cba 'n 'eil acbaireamh ro bbeag a leugbas Gaidbliganns an eagbxis anns am bbeil misea suidbe. Cba 'n 'eil Gaidblig a nisair a teagasg anns na sgoilean marbba i o cbionn tri ficbead bliadbna.<strong>An</strong> uair a bba mise am gbinllan og,bha, gu trie, gacb sgoileir ag ionnsacbadbGaidblig. Rinn na luinistearanGaidbealach call mor do 'ndntbaicbannanleigeil a stigb gbilleanoga do na sgoilean-sgireacbd gun sgilaca air teagasg cainut an dutbcba ;gidbeadb, is aim mar so a tba e ; agustba an sluagb an diugb n'is lugbafogbluim agus eagal De na bba iadanns an am ud.A nis mu tbimcbioll j)recentor liotacbno aineolacb, cba bbiodb eH.W. diog air na coisridbean, acbtbuirt a gu 'n robb matbacbadh morair a dbeanamb an ceol eaglaisean ocbionn bbeagan bbliadbnaicbean. Ise a tbuig mise gur e na coisridbeana bba e a' ciallacbadb, oir tba iad a'fas ro lionmbor ; agus ma tba lucbdaoraidbtoilicbte a bbi a' toirt aoraidhdo Dhia le froxks, db' iarrainn orraorgan mor, briagb 'fbaotainn aii' ball,agus au sin cba bbitbiuu air mobbodhradb ie sgalail Fionngbail oigag'us Catrioaa-ruaidb Nic-an-tailleir,no biiraicb Alasdair cblacbair.Gu corabdbuuadb, tha mi ag radhgu 'm feum ua sreatbau a bbi air auleugbadb no air an canntaireacbd amfad agus a bbios Gaidblig air asearmonacbadh.Gu cinuteaclKcha 'u'eil tlachd again anns na coisridbeanacb is toigb leam muinntir og a bbia' fogblum ciuil ; agus suidheadh iadair feadb a' chomh-thionail, agusseinneadh iad cbo math agus isurrainn iad. A tbaobb na muinntira bba a' seinn aig an teampul, bhaiad uile tùra'd^ agus cba 'n ann ceolchutbacb.iomcbuidb gu 'm biodb a leitbid annI mi, &c.,cbuala mise fein, à beul prec&ntor,Argathalian.cainnt a bba gle aineolacb.<strong>An</strong> t-Oban,<strong>An</strong>ns a' cbeud litir cba d' tbuirt A' Bhbadhn' ur, 1874.UISGE AFTOIN.(Bho Bheurla Raibeirt Burns.)Siubhail seimb feadb do gblacan, a chaoin Aftoin nan lùb,Agus seinneam dbuit duanag gu 'bbi luaidb air do cbliu ;Ri do tbaobb tba mo Mbairi an cadal tlatb-f boisneacb ciuin ;Siubhail seimb 's as a bruadar na gluais i 's na duisg.Thusa 'smudain, d' am freagair ath-fhuaim cbreag nan gleann fas,'S thusa 'londuibh, 's glan feadag anns na preasan fo sgail,'Adharcain cblis a cbinn uaine, cum do chruaidh-sgi-ead 'n a tamh,Na cuiribh buaireas no bruaillean ail- suain-fhois mo ghraidh,'Aftoin chubbraidh, cia aillidb na beanntaibb ard 'tba dbuit dluth,Le an caocbanaibh meara, glan, fallain gun gbruidFar am bi mi gacb la 'n uair tha 'gbriau aig aird' a buan-cburs',Bothag bhoidheach mo Mbairi 's mo threud-alaich fo m' shuil.
'366 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud Afhlos an Earralch, 1874.Cia taitueacli do blii'uachau 's do cbluanagan caoiu ;<strong>An</strong>n do fbrith-clioill clia 'n ainmig an t-soblnacli gbeal-bhui' gldan, mbaotb'N uair bbios braon-dbrucbd an ibeasgair a' dealtradb nan raon,Bidb mise 's Mairi ri sugradb fo bbarracb cubbraidb nan craobb.A cbaoin Aftoin, cia soilleii- do sbrutbaibb criostail, gun rnaim,'Ruitb 'n an hibau mu 'n àiridb 'm bbeil mo Mbairi 'cur suas ;Cia mear iad ri failceadb casan sneacbd-geal mo luaidb,'N uair bbios i 'luidricb feadb d' àtliaibb 'tional bblatban mu d' bbruaicb.Siubbail seimb feadb do gblacan, a cbaoin Aftoin nan lub,'Abbainn cbubbraidb gun fbotas, cuspair ra' orain 's mo cbiuilEi do tbaobb tba mo Mbairi an cadal tlatb-fboi.sneacb ciuin,Siubbail seimb, 's as a bruadar ua gluais i 's na duisg.Eadar. le JVIuileach.'Da latka 'u a dheigh,Chunnaic ceatharnaich na h-uamhaFear a' gluasad feadh nan creag, 's e 'geisdeaclid,Mar gu 'm 1j' eiginnleis 'anail achhiinntinn.Bha'choslas a's airde ciatachMar Fhiannach, an toiseach feachd,A' brosnachadli chaich a's iad 'n a dheigbA' dol do 'n eug-bhoil' le Righ Alba.AiLEiN.— 'So coslas fear-torachd a'tigbinn,'S eiginn a thilleadh leis an stailinn'.Mac Iain Ghearr.—-'S math a thuirtthu, fhir-chinnidh,'S eiginn a thilleas am fear aluiun.Faigh dithist eile co math ruinne,'S fear a thuilleadh,—ach co a' choig antaobh so 'ChruachanA bheir a shuaicheanta.s gu lar dheth ?'—•'AiLEiN. Tha thu 'g a aithneachadh?'Mac Iain Gheark.^' Sheachain mi egus a so mar mo chonias :Bu trie a bha e 'g am iarraidh'N uair a thug mi 'n dubh 's an donn 's a'cliiar leam.Falbh a sios a's gabh a sgeul ;la fearr dha sinn fein na Rurach,Mortair bruideil gun iochd gun daounachd'.AiLEiN (Ria a' choigreach).—' Failtedhuit, a dhuin'-uasail ;Co dhiubh a 's fear-cuairt thu, na feareolach ?CoiGREACii.—' Tha mi air chuairt gunttagamh,'S gun agam achbeagan g' am chomhnadhGed a thigeadh foirneart am rathad.'S Earraghaidhealaeh thusa, tuigear achuid ud.BLAR SHUNADAIL.(Air leaniuinnj.'Le fear-duthcha air cladach aineoil,Faoudrach, 's an namhaid borbA' torachd na dh' fhalbh, 's a' mort na dh'fhan'.AiLEAN.—' 'S Earraghaidhealaeh thusa,fhir na deas-chainnt'S CO naeh seasadh leat mar t' iarrtas ?Ged nach aithne dhuinn co 'n treubhO'n d' eirich am fear treun 'tha 'n so 'n aaonar.CoiGREACH.—Their iad Griogair Mornam Bo rium<strong>An</strong> Còmhall far an d' fhuair mi m' arach.Co 'n fhine o 'n sloinnear thusa ?B' olc leam fear do ghuth mar namhaid !Ach gabh do roghainn,—failte, no faobh'ran fhir so !AiLEAN.—' Thogadh mi 'n talla ceanntigheNach beag iomradh—^Torrloisg am Muile;Ailean nan Sop, fear gun rathA tha agad mar charaid,— co do namhaid ?Tliig a nios a's gabh ar biatachd ;Na diult ; tha fear ri d' chul is fearrNa mise—Mac Iain Ghearr,I)' an duthchas Suaineart,;;—'S nach aineolach am buailtean Chòmhaill;'S ged is iomadh toir a chuir thu riamhair,(iheibh thu e gun iarraidh. So an t-aite'.Griogair. — '<strong>An</strong> ceatharnach treun,uasal,'8 beag a chuireas ruaig no toir air ;'S air son na thug e uamsa, fasaidh tuilleadh;'S duin' e dh' aindeoin gach failinn ;Bu duilich leam 'fhagail am bealachcumhann'.Thog Griogair cirb a bhreacaiii
•AlLEiN.—Bha;—'mhoir nam buailteanDo bheatha ! Ciod;e 'chuir ruaig nantoim ort ?'S duilich learn gur fior nach urrainn miDo chuireadh achgu suidheagna h-uamha,'S sinn air chuairt innte le cheile :Cluinneam do sgeul a's t' ànradh.'Griogair. — 'mo chomh'alta 'smise'S a bhirlinn bhig so shios ;Dh'fhag sinn tir am Port Pbaraig,A dhol gu h-àit a bba dluth do laimh ;Ghlac sinn na raimh, gun duil ri cruadal;Sheid gaoth fhuaraidh a's cur sneachd ;Chain sinn au rathad gun fios c'àit'.B' 6 'n de an treas latha dhuinn,Gun bhiadb, gun uisge, gun fhurtachd,Ach duil ri bàs tiamhaidi,Gus an d' fhuair sinn iarrtas crabhach., 'N uair shoillsich grian na madaimi ande,Chunuaic sinn am fearann so.Bha mo bhrathair treun, gun mheatachd;Chuidich mi e mar mo dhurachd.Rainig sinn am port beag so thallBha'm fear glas, garbh so air mo laimhdheis,'G ar feitheamh le dealas bràith reilThuig e mar bha sinn gun iiin" 'innseadh ;Fhuair sinn beatha 's dion en laochbhàigheil.Ri solus na gealaich chunnaic sinn<strong>An</strong> arfliaich oilteil sin shuasSealladh duaichnidh ! na cuirp lioumhorA leag sibh an deaimalgarg u au cruachandomhain.—;;—''Ceud Mhios an Earralch, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 367Mar'g a cheartachadli m'an cuairt air, Bu lionmhor iad roimhibh, '3 furasd 'innseadh:Sanas a chuniiaic ditliis air an uiliuu<strong>An</strong> glacag dhiomhair '3 iad ag eisdeachd 'S mor ur gniomh cha teirig cliu dhuibh;Ri comhradh nam fear mar a chualas. ilo sgeula tursach, cor nan Gaidheal !Cha b' fhuaim gun seadh an seanachas, A cheannaird, thoir sgeul dhuinn gun dailCuis a dliearbhadh an nine gliearr.air Rurach,AiLEi>f.—' Co iad soGriogair.— ? •S do chomhairl' am bi duil ri dioghladh.'Tha'n so mo cliomh'alt{Hi leantuinn.)runach,Griogair og Loch-Ruadhail'S am fear mor glas ud eile, DughallachO 'n Ghallanaich ; clia 'n ur an seanachas. SGEUL BEAG lONGANTACH.' A dhaoin-uaisle, so an dachaidhfhuarBha duin'-uasal araicUi ami roimlisoA th' agama blia air tura.sdhuibh. ' 'Nami anuair dhirich iadaon de naAm bearradh sleamhain gu fosgladh na carbadaibh. sin a bha 'ruith le ceithirh-uamha,eich, mu'n do dhealbhadh ua sligheanBu ghreim luith a's faicill,iaruinn. Aig aite sonraichte bhaLe lamhan a's casan as misneach,di'ochaidAfhiodha airbheireadh gnna togailchlisgeadh iadtharDo uamhna nam fear laidir o shean abhainn bheag, agus air a suidheachadhair da chreig, creag air gachNach d' fhuair Ruracli no 'mhuinntir,'S nach b' fhios do aou eiletaobh, agus [linne mhor, dhomhaiiiAch teaghlach-rioghail Mbanainneatorra.GusLe cudthrom a'an latha 'tha thucharbaid'oluinntinn.Mac'Iaix Ghearr.— Thig a nios, fhir agus a luchd, gheill, agus thuit androchaid, agus thilgeadh an luchdturaisgu h-iosal aims an t-sruth.'Nam measg bha Easbuig araidh, abhean, agus a leauabh. Chaidh naparantau a dhith ach theasairg anduin'-uasal an leanabh le mor-chunnartda bheatha lein. Bliadhnaicheanan deigh so, bha'n duin'-uasal annan cuideachd shonraichte far and'aithris e an sgeul beag muladachso, agus far an robh na h-uile ageisdeachd le mor-churam. Am measgchaich bha bantighearna og, mhaiseachann, a thug cluas do'n sgeulmoran ni's durachdaich na neach sambith eile a bha lathair. <strong>An</strong> uair asg-iiir an duin'-uasal, ghrad dh' eiricha' mhaighdean og suas air a cosaibh,thilg'^i i fein 'n a ghairdeanaibh, agusthubhaii't i, " Is mise an leanabh sin,is mise gim teagamh an leanabh sin,agus riarah gu ruig an la an diugh,cha robh fios agam co a theasairg mi,agus cha robh comas agam air morthainga thoirt da."—Bha'n comhlachadhso taitneach •da-rireadh achcia mor nis taitniche a bhios arcomhlachadh anns na neamhaibhmaille riu-san a chaidh a tlieasairgiun
:——I368 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud ilhiosan Earraich, 1874.o leir-sgrios ;agiis a ta 'nis a' gabhailcoinhniiidh anus an tigh sin nachcrrinueadli le lamliaibli, siorruidhanus na neamhaibL.Alasdair Ruadh.AM PRIONNS AILBEART NACHMAIREANN.{Diotjidum mhaikid a' MhuUich).'N uair tha 'm fogh'raflh ail- gach taohhA' taomadh sios le 'tbarbhachd Ian ;'N uair tha faile blath au fhraoich,Gu cubhraidh 'sgaoileadli air gach laimh;Co ise 'bhaiutigh'rn 'tha, fo ghruaim,A' direadh suas ri I.och -nan-gar,'S a tha 'giulan air a gruaidhDearbhadh gu'm bheil uaiji' a sar ?Co, ach Victoria nam beus,Banrigh aghmhor nan ceiid l)uadh ;'S i 'tuireadh air mullach an t-aleibh,A chionn a ceile 'bhi 's an uaigh."0! Ailbeirt, annsachd mo ghaoil.'n ionad naomh 's am bheil do thamh,<strong>An</strong> leir dhuit mis' air lom an fhraoich,Am aonar an so fo phramb ?<strong>An</strong> so, a ruin, bn trie, leinn feinFo ghorm bhrat speur, f<strong>of</strong>hasgadhbheami,A chuir thu gu diomhair an ceillDo mhor-speis dhomh fein 's do m' chlann.Tha mis' am bhantraich a d' dheigh,A' sileadh dheur fo osnaich throm,Tha iadsan a' CTunha gu 'n d' eug<strong>An</strong> t-athair gradhach, reul nan sonn !Och nan och ! tha 'n cridlie fuar,Bu trie a phlosg le luath's ri m' chlèith ;Gun smid, tha tosdach anns an uaigh<strong>An</strong> teanga luath-gliaireach gun bheud.Tha 'chos sin Ji l)u shunndaich' ceumAir toir an fheidh ri uchd nan earn,Gu rag, sinte—mo chreach leir !Fo chia do 'n eug, fo ghlais a' bhais ;! clod e dhomhsa gloir mo chruiu ?Ciod e dhomh luchairtean nan si-ol ;Air do m' chridh' 'bhi briste, bruit'A chionn mo Phrionns a bhi fo 'n fhoid ?Bheiriun m' Impireachd gu leir,eii-igh grein' gu 'luidhe sios,Airson gu 'n tachi-adh orm mo cheil'Air uchd an t-sleibh so, mar o chian."SGEULACHDNA FIR-TIIURAIS, FEAR AN TIGH-OSDA,AGUS a' MHUILE-MHAG.Is ioraadh doigli iongantach agliabhas a' mlniinntir phàiteach airan iotadh a cliasgadli. Chnnnaic michionn bheagan bhliadhnaicheau ansgeul a leanas, mu mhuile-mhàig nolosgainn a bhi air a h-uisinneachadhchum na criche so le dithis a bha a'gabhail an rathaid 's an taobh deas.Bha iad a' faicinn an tigh-osda airthoiseach orra; bha iad a' inianuachadham mochthrath 'f haighinn, achbha am pùca falamh. " Ni so aug-nothach," thuii-t fear dhuibh, 's e'togail mnile-mhaig o thaobh anrathaid. Thug e seoladh d' a chom-}ianach ciod a bha e ri 'radh 'n uaira thigeadh e a dh-ion»saidh an tighosda; thuirt e ris e a ghabhnil ceumsocraich, agus chaidh e fein air adhartthun au tighe. Dh' iarr e guth def hearr an tighe ; leig e 'fhaicinn a'luhuile-mhag 's dh' f heoraich e amb' urrainn da 'innseadh dha ciod anseorsa eoiu a bh' aim. " Cha 'n eeun idir a tha agad, mo dhuinemath," ars' au t-osdair, " ach miiilemhag."" Cha 'u i ach eun," ars'am feai'-turais. " Cha 'n 'eil anuadach burraidh a bhi 'saoilsinn gur euna th' agad," fhreagaii- fear an tighe." Cuiridh mi bodacli uisge bheathaan geall riut gur eun a th' ann, agusfagaidh sinn a' bhreth aig a' cheudfhear a thig an rathad," ars' amfear-turais. Chaidh an geall a chur,agus cha robh iad fada a' feitheamha' bhreithimh. Chaidh a ghairm astigh agus innseadh dha gu 'n robhgeall eadar am fear-turais agus aut-osdair m' au chreutair a bha acaCO dhiubh a b' eun no muile-mhag a))h' ann—ag'us gu 'n robh e air 'fhagailaige-san a radh co aca a bha ceart." Leigibh 'fhaicinn domh an creutair,''ars' am breithearah; "cha chreidmi nach aithnich mi eun seachnuiile-mhag." Thug iad an creutair alathair, agus an deigh amharc air,thuirt e, " Is e enn gun teagamh ai/i' aim." Chaidh an geall aii" fearau tighe ; dh' òl iad am bodach uisgebheathaeatorra, 's thog iad orra.J. W.Lag-na-hAbhann, 1874.
dr : mm—r : mmm9Ceud ìDiios au Eanaicli, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 369fel^^D .a^^ EICTI^JIC A ILL EACH BEIXN A' B H R I C.: r .-^s.l:raIM.m:r.m|7Ì-^^EE^^E$^^^Ei^E01i^zzi:£5=3=^s . 1 : m Tv! . si : d . r ., d : dr^hrrriE^^^^^ WM . . d' t , 1 . s , m : rIfe=^^^^f-k-^^-^Lz^izi^z^i^PD ..d: 1 . s : ss^^tZ^Z-Hi^zztz^:-yS . si : dM .. m. v^ y-e—r : in . mM.d:d.s I m.in:ni si : d .r ., d : d—3«(—r«SE£I r ., d : dNote.—We have to express our obligations to tlie kind and accomplished Mrs INLacdonell<strong>of</strong> Keppoch for the music <strong>of</strong> Cailleach Beinu-a'-Bhric.SEALGAIR.Cailleach mhòr nan ciabhag glas,Nan ciabhag glas, nan ciabhag glas ;Cailleach mlior nan ciabhag glas,'S acfhuinneach i shuibhal chàrn.*Cailleach Beinn-a'-Bhric, ho-ro,Bhric ho-ro, bhric ho-ro ;Cailleach Beinn-a'-Bhric, ho rò,Cailleach mhòr an fhuarain àird.* Aithris crach ceithreamh da uair.Cailleach mhor nam mogan liath,Nam mogan liath, nam mogan liath ;Cailleach mhor nam mogan liath,Cha 'n fhaca sinne 'leithid riabh.Cailleach Beinn-a'-Bhric, etc.Cailleach mhor nan osan fad',Nan osan fad', nan osan fad';Cailleach mhor nan osan fad','8 astarrach i 'n talamh gàrbh.Cailleach Beinn-a'-Bhric, etc.24
;370 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceud MhioB an Eaiinich,D e a thug thu 'n cliugh do 'n Lhiiiiin,Ndiughdo'n bheiun, 'ndiugh do'nhlieiuu?D è a thug thu 'n diugh do 'n bheimi '!Chum thu mi gun bhèin, gun sealg.Cailleach Beinn-a'-Bhric, etc.Bhà thu fhein 's do bhuidheaun fhiadh,Do bhuidheaun fhiadh, do bhuidheamifhiadh ;Bhà thu fhèin 's do bhuidheann fhiadh,Air an tràigh ud shies an de.Cailleach Beiim-a'-Bhric, etc.a' chailleach.Cha leiginn mo bhuidheann fhiadh,Mo bhuidheann fhiadh, mo bhuidheannfhiadh ;Cha leiginn mo bhuidheann fhiadh,Dh' imlich shligean dubh an tràigh.Ochan ! is i 'n dòirionn mhùr,<strong>An</strong> dùirionn nihòr, an dòirionn ml>
;;Oeud MWos an Earraich, 1874. AN GAIDHEAL. 871seas rium, buailidh mi cnaigein iiabuaraicL air. Betichdaich thusa gumath ail- an fliear sin—dtan cuiuiseinhatli agus bidh biiaidli ort. Einne mar a dh' iarr i, 's bba buaidh naseilge ail- bbo 'n latba sin.Ged iiach rol)h a' Chailleacli nacòmhalaiche math do na sealgaireanbha i na deadh bhancharaid do uaceatharnaich-choille — is minig af liuair iad bhuaipe sanas mu 'n toir.Tha innse-sgeoil againn air i iheanamhsin aig ceaun Loch-Ciaraiii agus anUisge-Labhair; ach foghnaidhdhomhInnse gu 'n b' ann an riochd boii-ionnaichmhoir 's i glanadh mionaich eisga b' àbhaist d' i i f hein a nochdadhdhaibhsan.Bha miadachd mhor 's a' chaillich—theirteadh gu 'm buaileadh a glùnan t àrd-dontfe. Bliiodh Ijreid breac,ballach mu ceann, 's ciabhagan fada,glas a sios a da ghuallainn : uair achlteadh osain oirre, agus uairmogain; ach cha 'n fhacas riabh i gunsumaig de phlaide bhuidhe uimpe.<strong>An</strong> uair a chitear aodach buidhe,})leurann theirear 's a' Bliràighe gusan latha an diugli, gii 'm beil e cho'buidhe ri i>laide cailleach Beiun-a'-Bhric'B' ann de fhiklh Loch-Treig a bhaBeinn-a'-Bhric ; agus tlieir feadhaingu 'm b' ann- do Dhònull mac Fhionnlaidhnan dan a thug a' Chailleach a'bhuaidh-sheilge ; ach, cia dhiiibh,cha 'n eileas an teagamh nach fearde shealgairean Mhic-'ic-Eaonuilla fhuair i.Bheir mi dhut Sruth-BhleoghannCailleach Beinn-a'-Bhric. Is annaig Iain IMac Ghilleasbaig a chualami e. Bhiteadh ga chluich airan truimb. Cha 'n eil duil agamgu 'n roVjh facail riabh air ; ma bhacha bu chuimhne le Iain an cluinntinn.Chuir mi sios e an canntaireachd,direach mar a ghabh esandomh e. Tha tim a' phuirt a' freagairtdo 'n bhleoghann,Sruth-Bhleoghaxn.Doliao lialian—Diho ho.Dohao hahaii—Diho h;i,DoLi liàhan— Dihò liòDohi hahau—Dihò hà.Doho ho—Dohè he.Dohò hò—Dohò hà.Pohao, etc,Dohi, etc.Dohò, etc.Diho hoichinn— Doichiun do.Diho hoichinn—Doichinn das.Doho hoichinn—Doichiun do.Diho hoichinn—Daichimi da. Diho, etc.Dohan didal—Dohan dàdalDohan didal—Dohan didalDohan didal—Dohan dadal.Dohan, etc.Dòichinn, dòichiun—Daoichinn, daoichinu.Doichinn, dòichinn— Dòichiim, dìi. Doichinn,etc.Dochadro didal—Dochadi'o dadal ;Dochadro didal—Dochadro didalDochadro didal—Dòchatli-o dadal. Dochadro,etc.Doichinndrinn, doichinndriun,Doichinndrinn, doichinndrinn,Doichinndrinn, doichinndriun,Doichinndrinn, dàichiundrinn,Doichinndrinn, etc.Dohan hahan—Diho ho.Dahao hahan—Diho ho, etc.Chuala mi feadhain ag ràdh gurh-ann aig Cailleach Beinn-a'-Bhric abhiodh an luinneag seo cuideachdcha teid mi dian 's a' chilis, ach ma'sbriag bhuam e 's briag gu m' ionnsaidhe.M' aghan fhin thu,M' aghan fhin thu,M' aghan fhin thu,M' aghan doun.'S e 'n t-aghan guaillfhionn,Nach teid do 'n bhuailidh,Cha 'n iarr i buarach,'S cha bhuail i laogh.<strong>An</strong> uair bhios siomanAir crodh na tire,Bidh buarach-shitheAir ni' ?ighan donn ;Bidh buarach àigeachAir crodh na h-àiridh'S bidh buarach àluinnAir m' aghan donn.M' aghan, etc.D' fhaiciun sh\n,Abeach.<strong>An</strong> Tom-buidhe,<strong>An</strong> t-Sheana Challainn, 1S74.
"372 AN GATDHEAL. i.'eiul Alliios an EaiTftich, 1874.NA MORAIREAN-DEARGAGUS AN T-SABAID.Tha e 'n a chleaclidadli 's anrioghachd so, gu'n dean na Morairean-Deargcuaiit a cluirda nail-'sa'bhliadhna, air bailtibli araidhair feadh na duthcha, a thoirtbreith air luchd droch-bheirt degach gne,agus achnmailchnirteansonraichte chum na criche sin.Thachair e gu'n d' thainig na Moraireangu aon de na bailtibhduthchaso aigdeireadh seachduinann am mios meadhonach anfhogharaidh. Chaidh a shom-achadh,nime sin, gu'n comhlaicheadha chuirt air Disathairne. <strong>An</strong>deigli dhoibh del troimh nariaghailtean gnathaichte, agus nah-niread de ghnothaichibh beagaa thoirt gu crich, cliuir iadseachadsin aon de'n hichd-deuchainn ; 'se sin aon de na cuig daoinedeug a ta air am mionnachadli gubinn clieart a thoirt a mach a reirnam fianuis ; agus thainig edh'ionnsuidh nam Morairean, agiarraidh cead gu dol dhacliaidhan oidhclie sin. Is e am freagradha flmair e cuireadh fhaotuinnchum a dhinneii- a ghabhail mailleriu air an fheasgair sin. Dheonaiche so a dheanamh, acli aig anam cheudna, thubhairt e gu'nrobh e an dochas gu'n leigeadhiad dha am baile fhagail air anoidhclie sin fein, a chionn gu'nrobh e ro iarrtach air faotuinndhachaidh. Chuir e a choiuhairleaig an am ri fear-coimliead aphriosain a bha 'n a sheasamhlairnh ris, ciod a dheanadh e,agus ciod a dh'eireadli dha na 'nrachadh e dhachaidh gu'n fhiosgu'u aire do na Morairibli. " Mochoiuhairle-sa dliuit," deh* feavcoimlieada' phriosain " ua feuch rileithid de chleas."—Bha cuideachdmhor aig an dinneir. Shuidhan da bhreitheamh aig ceann a'bliuird mar is guath leo a dheanamh.Bha na h-uiread dlie'n hichd-laghaan sin, agus moran dhaoin'-uaisle eile,a thuilleadh air hichd-riaghhaidh a'bhaile. Goii'id an deigh ua dinneir,ghabh an tuathanach air fein labhairtris na breitheamhnaibh, agus an niceudna iarraidh a ris, 's e sin cead gufaotuinn dhachaidh. " Ciod a ta 'curcabhaig co mor dhachaidh ort annochd ] " deir aon de na Morairibhris, " tha fios agad nach 'eil obair nacùirte thairis, agus c'ar son nachfanadh tu an so co math ri muinntireile agus nach deanadh tu dodhleas'nas gu toilichte do d' dhuthaich1 " — "A Mhorair," deir ana chuirt gu Diluain. Aig dunadh tuathanach " cuiridh mi sin an ceillna cuirt air Disathairne, bha anduit ann am beagan bhriathraibh ;tha mi am tiiuathanach aig am bheilgabhail-fearainn, a tha mor aguscudthromach. Tha'n earrann a's mode'n bharr agam air a ghearradh sios,agus 'n a luidhe ann an droch staidair na raointibh. Thaobh nan viisgeachantroma a thuit o chionnseachduin air ais, tha eagal orm gu'ncaill mi e, agus gu'n teid e guh-iomlan a dholaidh. Bha'n aimsir ande agus an diugh moran ni's fearr,agus ma leanas e mar sin gu ruig anla maireach, feiidar a chruinneachadhgu leir gu glan, sabhailte do'n loinn."'•'A chruinneachadh do'n loinn, an ea thubhairt thu 1 Am bheil thu 'u adcheill ? Am bheil thu da-rireadh a'cur ronihad toirt air do sheirbhisichan t-arbhar agad a chrodhadh air lana Sabaid ? " " Tha gu'n teagamh.deir an tuathanach, " ag'us a reir mobharail-sa, cha b' lu-rainn iad ni a'b'fhearr a dheanamh na bhi 'tearnadhtoradh na talmhainn chum feumalachdgach duine ag'us ainmhidh.
Ceud .Mliios an Eanaic AN GAIDHEAL. 373Tha mi ro chinnteacli gu'ni bi ant-Uile-chumbachclach ni 's toiliclite abhi'g am faicinn ris anobair fheumailsin air a la fein, na bhi 'g am faiciuna' dol gu tigh-aoraidh sam bith, agusgach arbliar agus pov a dol a dholaidhleis au uisge agus leis na siantaibh."Mu'n do chriochnaich e gach ni bumhiann leis a radii, gbrad-tliionndaidham Morair air a chaitbir, agusdh' amhairc e an clar au eudainn airan tuathanacii, agus tliubhairt e leguth a thug air a' chuideachd gu leira bhi 'u au tosd. " Fhir gu'n cheill,air na briathraibh agus barailibhmeallach, mi-dhiadhaidh a chuir thuan ceill ! Na'a deaiiadh tu an ni atha thu a' runachadh, bhiodh tuciontach do ni eagallach,—bhiodh tu'deanamh tair agus tarcuis air laghannaibhdo dhuthcha, agus 'g ambriseadh,—bhiodh tu gu daua, agusgu h-aingidh a' cur lagha naomhaDhe aim an suarachas, agus bhiodhtu 'g ad dheanamh fein buailteach doshearbh-pheanas. Mar deanadh anluchd-ceartais mu'n cuairt duit greiinort, agus do lauihan agus do chasana cheangal, bhiodh iad a' dearinad andleas'nais. Ach a thuilleadh air sin,bhiodh tu, mar a thubhairt mi, a'briseadh aitheautan an Tighearna doDhe, agus'g ad dheanamh fein buailteachdo throm-chorruich an Ti Uilebheannuichtesin. Ach cha'n e so euile, bhiodh tu a' nochdadh le d'ghiulaii aingidh fein, an-earbsa afreasdal De, ni 'bu choir a bhi 'n aaobhar naire do neach sam bith a ta,eadhon o'n leth a mach, ag aideachadha' chreidimh Chriosduidh — deansuidhe far am bheil thu, oir cha charraichcas diot a so gus am bi gnothuchna cuirte thairis." <strong>An</strong> sin thionndaidham Morair a ghnuis riu-san uilea bha mu'n bhord maille ris, agus leguth laidir, beothail, sgairteil, thubhairte,— " Fhad 's is beo mi air antalamh measaidh mi e 'n a dhleasnasdomh a l)hi 'cur an agliaidh gach oibrea ghabhas seachnadh air la na sàbaid,Tha e ceart uil' oibre na h-eiginn agusna trocaire a dheanamh air an lanaomha sin, oir tha ughdarras againno'n Ti Bheannaichte a chuir an t-Sabaiil air a cois chum sin a dheanamh.Ma thuiteas tuil as na speuraibh,agus gu'm bi bhur barr ancunuart a bhi air a sguabadh air falbhleis na bras-shruthaibh, agus a bhimar sin air a chall, gu cinnteach thae 'n a obair dhligheach agus cheaduichtegreim a dheanamh air, eadhongu'n naire, gu'n chreideamh, cha'n'eilthu gu cinnteach a' smuaineachadh air an t-Sabaid, chum nach cailleare. Ach is eagallach an ni a bhi'tarruing dhachaidh por sam bith airan la sin, gun leisgeul air a shon,agus is gniomh grained e nach bi aira cheadachadh, tha mi 'n dochas, amian duthaich Chriosduidh sam bith.Uime sin, chomhairlichean dhuit-sa,a' thuanaich mhi-churamaich, ma'smiannach leat soii'bheachadh 's ant-saoghal a ta lathair, cuir do dhochasann am freasdal an Tighearna. Nabiodh a dhanadas agad a la naomhsanabhriseadh,marabhathu'curromhada dheanamh, agus na dean thufeinbuailteach do ghreim a bhi air aghabhail ort le lagh na duthcha.Gabh fois, dean an gnothuch air sonan d'thugadhan so thu, agus air da sina bhi thairis, thoir do dhachaidh ortCO luath 's a ghiulaineas do chasanthu, agus an sin, cruinnich le d' uiledhicholl an toirbheartas a bhuilichTighearna an fhogharaidh ort.Tha esaii nach toir maitheanas do dhaoiii'eile a' l)risteaclh na drochaid air an eiginnda fein dol thairis ; oir tha feum aig gachneach air maitheanas.Tha atharrachadh mor eadar sonas agusgliocas. Tha esan gun teagamh sona atha da-rireadh a' creidsinn gu 'ni hheil esona ; ach is amadan an duine sin a tha 'ga niheas fein ni 's glice na gach neach eilemu 'n cuairt da.S.
—374 AN GAIDHEAL. Ceiul ilhios an Eairaich, 1874.FACAL D'AR LUCHD-LEUGHAIDH.Tha an aireamh so d' an Ghaidh-EAL 'g a thoirt gu cricli ua clarabliadhna d' a thuras am measg aluchd-duthcha, agus tha e 'g a niLeasso 'n a am IVeagarracli gu chur angeill anu am facalno 'dha, ciamar acliaidh gabhail ris air a cliuairt rena bliadhna, agus ciod a tha e a' curroiuihe a dheanamh amis an ;un riteachd. Feumaidh e' aideachadh gusaor gu 'n deachaidh 'f liailteachadhgu cridheil anns gach aite 's an donochd e e fein, agus b' iomadh sineadar Canada 's an airde tuath agusAustralia 's an airde deas ;faodar aradh uime mar thuirt am bard,'' Tha do chairdean laidir, Uonmhor,<strong>An</strong>ns gach tir a tha m' an cuairt."Dli' iarradh e bhi a' tairgseadh taingagus buidheachais dhoibhsan gu leira shin an lamh dha, araon le bhi'deanamh a bheatha gu caoimhneilagus 'g a chumail suas " le 'm pinn,le 'n cinn, 's le 'n sporanan," oir isann daibhsan a bhuiiieas an cliu airson gach maise agus buaidh a bha 'na shiubhal, agus a dh' f hag e airidhair gean-math a luchd-duthcha amisgach ionad d' an t-saoghal. Cha 'nurrainn e ua'sfhearr a dheanamh, marroimh-fhoillseachadh air ciod ris amfaod suil a Ijhi aig a chairdean uaithA.M., bho Mhairi Nic-Eallair, agusbho Mkac-Oidhche. Tha AlasdairEuadh a' cur roimhe, ma sheasas achlaisteachd dha, nach sguir e adh-fharcluais air'comhraidhnean taitneachMhurachaidh agus Choinnich ;agus tha 3Iac-Mliurcvis ag radh mururrainn da figheadaireachd a dheanamhdo 'n Ghaidheal, gu 'm feuche bhi ri dathadaireachd—mar deane clò ùr gu'n cuir e dath air clòdhaoin' eile ; ach bu mhor a b'annsa breacan Gaidhealach o lamha' bhreabadair " na 'n clo 's fearr athig a Sasunn," ge b'e air bith choteoma 's a bhiodh an dathadair.Tha P. Mac-Grlogair, Cona, D. B.I)., Bard Luch-Jiur, agus D. li.a' gealltainn cuideachadh a chur anail thar chuantan—ach c'arson abhiomaid a feuchainn ri 'n ainmeachadhgu leir a tha a' tairgseadhan comhnaidh 1 Mor agusfiachail ged a tha gach aon de na dh'ainmich sinn—agus bu chalma ansgiol)a iad ri iichd f'airge,—cha bumhath gu 'm b' lUTaiimear luchdcuideachaidha' Ghaidheil gu leir achur sios ann an oisinn bhig mar so— " Is 16m an trhigh air ancunntar na faochagan." Is leoir aradh ann an aon fhacal,—ma rinnan sgioba laidir agus eireachdail abha leis a' Ghaidheal air a'bhliadlm' a chaidh seachad, angnothach cho ro-mhath, gur cinnt-air a' bhliadhna ri teachd, na 'innseadhdhaibh gu bheil na ceart uaiseachnach bi a' bhliadhna ri teachddad air dheireadh, leis an sgiobalean a sheas air a chulaobh roindiecheudna, cho math ri airimh mhoirHO, agus moran d' an tuilleadh, a'de luchd-cuideachaidh ùr agus foghaiuteacheile nach do shuidh fhathastgealltainn nach fag iad e 's nachdiobair iad a chuis air a' bhliadhnaair chul rairah.ri teachd. Tha an Syiathanach, ant-Abrach, am MuUeach, agus anliimasdach, a' gealltainn nach biJdcal '5 nil x^calachaiilt.maileid a Ghaidheil falamh ch<strong>of</strong>liad 's a mhaireas sgeulachdan agusseann eachdraidh no puirt agusTba sinn duiKch nach 'eil aite againnair son Naiilheachdan, no facal d 'ar hiclidorain na Gaidhealtachd dhaibh. cuideaohaidh air a' mhios so. Feumar arGheobhar duanagan laghach bho leth-sgeiil a ghabhail gns an ath mhios.
.THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.FEBI^TJA-IR^Sr, 1874.GAELIC PHILOLOGY.NOTES BY THE REV. ALEX. CAMEROX.(Contliiui'd from page 345. )213. Fa idh and ^; rojìh e t.Fàkllt, (prophet ; anc. faith) = Latvates (diviuer, prophet), which isconnected with Gr. ph'ènd., from phad,Sansk. hha. Prophet is from Lat.prophetes = (jtv. prop)ìììtcs (from proand phemi).214. Claidheamli (sword ; anc.claideb) = W. deddyf and Arm.dezef, and is cognate with Lat.gladlus, although, accoixling to rule,Gaelic c should represent liat. c, notij. For anc. b = mod. m cf. noeb andiiaomlt (holy). Cf. Fr. glaix-e (sword).215. Claoklh (destruction, ruin)may be compared with Lat. clades,(loss, injury, disaster). Bopp refersclades to the Sansk. root klath (toinjure, slay). For aoi^a cf. thenext Avord.216. Faoii ov fauiii, and vain.Faoio or faoin (vain) coiTespondsto Lat. vamis (vain), Fi*. vain., Eug.vain. Cf. p. 279. Gael /=Lat vby rule.217. Cruaidh and crude.Cruaidh {[vAvà; anc. cruad = crod)may be compared with Lat. crudus(hard, inflexible) from which Eng.crude is derived.218. Caille, Cailhach, and pall.Callle (a veil or cowl) may be comparedwith Lat. pallium (a cloak ormantle) from which it is jirobablyderived. Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studiesby Sullivan, p.. 114. CaiUeach, (anun, an old woman) is from caille.Pall is from pallium. Gael, c fre-{.^uently - Lat. p.219. Cleac/ul -<strong>An</strong>d plait.Cleachd (plait; anc. clecht) = W.phthu and corresponds to Lat.plecto (to plait, braid), Gr. 2'>lekò (toplait, twine, twist), Old H. Ger.JielUan, New H. Ger. Jischten (tobraid, twist), Dan. flette (to plait,braid). Eng. plait is derived fromLat. plecto through Old Fr. j^loit. Cf.Gael, cleachd (a tress, a lock <strong>of</strong> hair)with Ger. flechte (a lock <strong>of</strong> hair).220. Feasgar and vesper.Feasgar (evening ; auc. fescor orfescar) coiTesponds to W. ucJter., Cor,gwespctr, Arm. gotcsjier, Lat. vesper,Gr. hesperos, Lith. vaharas, Slav.veczeru. Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studiesby Sullivan, pp. 112, 161. Eng.vesper = Lat. vesj^ei: Ebel observesthat he "cannot look upon /escor orfescar as borrowed, for the Welshuclier^ as opposed to Corn, gwesper,Ai-m. gousper, likewise betrays aguttural (ch ^scj."221. Deas (south, right-hand); anc.des = W. deheu, Com. dyghoio., andcorresponds to dex- in Gr. dexios andLat. dexter. Cf. Sansk. dakshinct(right-hand), Goth, taihsvo (right),Old Ger. zeso (right, dexter), A.S.teso (the right). Cf. Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 71 ; Bopp's Sansk. Glossary,p. 178; Diefenbach's Goth.Worterbuch. D in Gaelic, Gi'eek,and Latin corresponds to tin Gothic,Ai]glo-Saxon, and English, and s inGaelic frequently corresponds to x inGreek and Latin.222. Cn (letVhanded) correspondsto W. cledd (the left), Goth,hlei (cf. hleiduma, left, sinister),Sansk. (:rt. Cf. Stokes' Ir. Glosses,p. 71, and Diefenbach's Goth. Worterbuch.
376 THE GAEL. Kcbruary. 1874.223. Briathar, hrnidkeaiin, andword.Briathar (word) may be comparedwith Gr. vratra for rhetra (word,saying), from rhed (to speak; — Frey^which Curtius, Bo})p, and Liddelland Scott refer to the Sansk. roothri% (to speak). Cf. bris and o-hegniimi( = Yrègnumi or FragmlmiJ,Lat. frango, fregi. With rhed (=Yren) and ered ( - Ferea) are cognateLat. verhuui (from which comeIr. fearb^ word, and Eng. verb) andGoth, vaurd (word), Ger. toort(word), Ice. ord (woixl), and A.S.and Eng. loord. Bruidheann (speaking,talking) is connected with Sansk.lint (to speak). Cf. Bopp's Sansk.Glossary, p. 2()7, Diefenbach's Goth.Vergl. "Worterbuch, vol. i. p. 199,Curtius' Gr. Etymologj^, p. 308,Garnett's Essays, p. 245, and Liddelland Scott's Lexicon.224. Maoin, dloiv/iain, coinain,comuiui, cummd or cumanta, andcoinwvn.Maoin (goods, property ; anc.main and viden for mam) may becompared with Lat. muniut (to bind). Cf.Stokes'Goidilica, p. 1 7S,vfh.evenuienib(dat. plur.) for iiKiniib is equatedwith umneribvfi.225. Glic (wise) is cognate withGer. Mug, Goth, glaggvus, Old Icegloggr,A. S. gleav. Cf. Diefenbach'sGoth. Worterbuch and Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 130.226. Car (a tm-n) may be comparedwith Ger. kchr (a turn), Dut.keer (a tm-n), A. S. ccr (a turn,bending).227. Ceil and conceal.Ceil ('conceal ; anc. eel) - W. celuand corresponds to Lat. celo (to conceal),Dan. Jude (to conceal), Goth.hu/jan (to conceal), Ger. hehlen (toconceal), A. S. lielan (to conceal),Old Eng. hele and kill (to cover,hide). Conceal is from Lat. concelo( = con and celo). C in Gaelic andLatin frequently = /t in the Teutoniclanguages.228. lasg awajisli.lasg (fish ; anc. iasc) = W. ^J//s(/and corresponds to Lat. x>iscis (fish),Dan. fisk (fish), Goth, fisks, Ger.Jisch, A. S. Jisc, Eng. Jish. Initialp. is frequently dropped in Gaelic.229. Atkair Rnd J'athei:Athair ('father ; anc. athir) correspondsto Lat. ^^ater (father), Gr.pater, Sansk. pitar, Old Ger. fatar,New H. Gei'.fz'a^e?-, Dan. fader, Goth.fadar, A. S. faedar, Eng-. father.The root is ^>rt (to feed).230. Leir (maiiy) corresponds toLat. plerus (most, the most), Gr.pleres (full <strong>of</strong>). Cf. Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 38.231. Ath (a ford) corresponds toGr. 2^('fos (trodden or beaten way,path). Cf. Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 38.232. Fan (to remain, abide) iscognate with Ger. loohnen (to dwell,abide). Gael. / frequently = Ger. w.233. Ubh and egg.Cbh (egg) - W. -wi/ and maybe compared with Lat. oninb (egg),Gr. don (Gr. ;= oFon), Old II. Ger.el, plur. eigir, A. S. aeg, Eng. egg.Liddell and Scott mention that Hesychiusquotes obeon as an Argiveform. Cf. Curtius' Gr. Etymology,
ibi-ttary, 1874. THE GAEL. 377p. 350, and Liddell and Scott'sDictionary.234. Leig (permit, leave ; anc.leic) corresponds to Lat. linquo (toleave), Gr. leipo (to leave), Goth.Imbci (remnant, remains), Eng. leave.235. Boclhar, bann, and bliid,band.Boclhar (deaf; anc. bodra in ace.plur.) = W. byddar, Corn, bothar,Arm. bouzar. It is connected withSausk. badhird (deaf) which Boppderives from the root bandh (tobind), bundh (to bind). With bandh,bunclh, are connected Goth, band (tobind), A.S. bindan (to bind), band(that by which anything is bound),Eng. bind, band, Gael. bann. Of.Bopp's Gloss., p. 262, and Nigra'sTurin Glosses, p. 14.236. Ceangal.Ceangal (binding ; in Mid. Gael.Cengal) — W. cengl, both connectedwith, if not derived from, Lat. cingulum(a girdle) from cingo (to gird,to tie about). Cf. Stokes' Glosses,p. 52.237. Slaight, slaightear, andslight.Slaight (roguery, villany) may becompared with Ger. schlecht (bad,base, dishonest), Dut. slecht (bad,base, slight), Eng. slight. Slaightear(rogue, villain) is from slaight. CfDiefenbach's Goth. Worterbuch,pp. 264, 265.238. Sliochd (<strong>of</strong>lspring) may becompared with Dan. sla'gt (race,family), Ger. ge-schlechf (race, stock,family).239. Sleuchd or sleachd (to bend,to kneel ; anc. slechtairn, I kneel) iscognate with, if not derived from,Lat. flecto (I bend, bow). Gael, s,as previously shown, frequently =Lat./240. Sleamhain and slip.Sleamhain or sleamhuinn (slippery;anc. slemain, <strong>of</strong> which slemoii = W.llyfn, f. llefn, is a sister-form) maybe compared with Ger. schleifen (topolish smooth) and schlilpfen (toslip), Low. Dut. xhtpen and slippen(to slip away), A.S. slipan (to slip),Eng. slip. Cf. Stokes' Glosses, p. 84.241. Miig or mhig, smàcan, andsmoke.3fàg or màig (mist, smoke, gloom)= W. 7nwg and is cognate with Dut.smook, Ger. schmauch, A.S. smeoc,smook, Eng. smoke. Cf Wedgwood'sDictionary. Gael, smiocatt (smoke ;akin to mitgj = W. ysmuccan (a littlesmoke, mist, fog), and is perhapsconnected with Gr. smucho (to burnin a slow, smouldering fire).242. Alt, arm; Gr. arthron ; Lat.artus ; Eng. article, art, arm, arms.These words form part <strong>of</strong> a numerousfamily <strong>of</strong> words derived from aroot ar. Cf. Gr. *(M-o (to join, to fittogether) and Sansk. ar (to go) inBopp's Glossary, pp. 19, 20. Alt(joint) corresponds to Lat. artusf'jointj, Gr. arthron (joint). Eng.article is from Lat. articulns (a littlejoint; diminutive <strong>of</strong> rtr/tis^. Art infrom Lat. ars, artis (art), a derivativefrom Gr. arò. Arm (lit. a joint,the limb extending from the shoulderto the hand) corresponds to A. S.arm, Lat. armus, Gr. harmos, fromaro. Arms is from Lat. ar7na, whichis either from annus or from thejjerf, pas. <strong>of</strong> aro. With arma theGael, words arm (a weapon, arms,army) and àrmaich (to arm) are connected.In reference to Gael, alt and Lat.art7is it may be noticed that theliquids ^and r frequently interchang«.Cf. the Gaelic words cuirm andcuilm, grinn and glinn, searbhag andsealbhag.243. Torann or torrunn.Torann or torrtmn (thunder) = W.taran and may be compared withDan. torden (thunder).(To be continued.)
—; —;—I1 BYII;—;378 THE GAEL. Februaiy, 1874.COMAL AND GALVINA.(llenilei-ed into rhyme almost verbatimfrom Macphersou's translation <strong>of</strong>Ossian's Fimjal.Comal was chief <strong>of</strong> hnmlred hills.His (leer drank from a thousand rills.A thousand rocks with hlending soundsReverbed the baying <strong>of</strong> his hounds.His countenance was mild and young ;His arm, the death <strong>of</strong> heroes strong.One was his love, and she was fair,Like raven wing her glossy hair,Brave Conloch's daughter, full <strong>of</strong> grace,A sunbeam pure among her race.Her dogs she taught to chase the hind ;Her bow-string sounded on the wind.On Oomal brave her soul was setTheir eyes <strong>of</strong> love <strong>of</strong>t kindling met.In the loud chase their course was one ;<strong>An</strong>d sweet their converse when alone.But Grumal also sought her hand,—Dark chief <strong>of</strong> Ardven's gloomy land.He watched her lone steps on the heath,<strong>An</strong>d wished unhappy Comal's death.One hunt-day, weary <strong>of</strong> the field.When kindly mist their friends conceaL i,Galvina fair and Comal braveRetired alone to Ronan's Cave.Comal frequented <strong>of</strong>t its halls ;His arms hung round its rocky walls ;A hundred shields <strong>of</strong> bossy hide,A hundred sounding helms beside." Rest here," he said, " Galvina dear.Thou light <strong>of</strong> Ronan's Cave, rest here.A deer on Mora's brow 1 see.I go, but soon return to thee."" I fear," she said,'•my deadly foe ;Dark Grumal haunts this cave ; but go.Among thy arms I'll safe remain,But soon, my love, return again."He went. She sought his love to test.Her fair form in his arms she dressed ;<strong>An</strong>d thus equipped from top to toe,Strode forth ; he thought it was liis foe ;His colour changed, his heart beat high,<strong>An</strong>d darkness dimmed his wrathful eye ;He drew his bow, the arrow fled ;Galvina fell in blood. He spedWith hurried steps and called his love.No answer in the rocks above." Speak, Conloch's daughter, it is 1."But echo only mocked his cry.He saw, at length, her heaving heartBeating around the feathered dart." Galvina, is it thou ? " he cried,<strong>An</strong>d sank despairing by her side.The huntsmen found the hapless pair,<strong>An</strong>d afterwai-ds he hunted there ;But <strong>of</strong>t with silent steps he strodeRound fair (ìalvina's dark abode.From ocean came the invading licetHe fought ; they fled in foul defeat.Assailing death he did not shun ;But who could slay the hero ? None.Away his dark brown shield he threw<strong>An</strong> arrow found his bosom true.He and his loved Galvina sleepBeside the lonely sounding deep.The mariner can see their graves,\V'hen l)onnding o'er the northern waves.Jkan Blanc.SCOTTISH KIRK MUSIC.A Song respectfully dedicated to a certainworthy representative <strong>of</strong> the Precentorfraternity.EVA.N M'COLL.Air— "Alister Macalider."How can'st thou, "Mac," with conscienceclear,Persist in murd'ring music here ?Have pity on us, and forbearThis owlet harmonie.A choir <strong>of</strong> ghosts would less appalThan those dread tones you singing call :One would need ears as deaf's a wallTo stand such melodic !weary sir, weary sir !'Twould tire a saint to hear thee, sir ;Job's patience, were he near thee, sir,Would quick exhausted be !There's something lively in the chauntOf tom-cats on a spree gallantTlie bull-frog, though his notes be scant.Ne'er strikes a drawling key ;But <strong>of</strong> the way nou drawl and droneThe language <strong>of</strong> de-vo-ti-on.Some dying crummie's latest groanThe model seems to be !O weary sir, U weary sir !If David could but hear thee, sir.He well might wish some thistle-burrA-dowu thy throat to see.Now some old wife's asthmatic croonSeems the sole spirit <strong>of</strong> the tune;Now, somelongèa-awould reach the moonBreaks from thy choir and thee ;<strong>An</strong>d now the climax grand you reachA something 'tween a scream and screech,Your sole aml)ition seeming whichThe most can torture me.weary sir, O weary sir !dismal, dismal, dreary sir !A whip-saw rasped, or yelping cur,I'd sooner stand than thee.The " Kist o' whistles " may be bad.But where's the mortal man, not mad.Who once heard you, would not right glad,Give it a welcome free ?
!February, 1874. THE GAEL. 879! any, anything at allTo drown this kirk-nursed caterwaulHow <strong>Scotland</strong> It can music callKone but herself can see.weary sir, O weary sir !Small wonder, listening near thee, sir,1 sometimes wish thyseK and choir,Down where the mermaids be INEWS OF THE HIGHLANDS ANDISLANDS.Aberdeen.—A conversazione <strong>of</strong> Highlanderswas held here lately when it wasresolved that a Gaelic Society should beformed similar to those which have succeededso well in Inverness, Greenock,and other places.Edinburgh.—The Sutherland Associationheld its annual gathering on Monday,the 1 2tli January. Mr John Macdonald,president, occupied the chair. Themeeting was addressed by the Chairman,Dr Maclauchlan, jMr Taylor Innes, andother gentlemen. The proceedings werealtogether most interesting.Inverness.—The second annual sui^per<strong>of</strong> the Gaelic society took place inthe Caledonian Hotel, on the evening<strong>of</strong> Tuesday, the 14th January. Therewas a large attendance. Cluny Mac-Pherson, Esq., <strong>of</strong> Cluny, chief <strong>of</strong> thesociety, occupied the chair, while SirKenneth S. Mackenzie, <strong>of</strong> Gairloch, Bartand Sheriff Macdonald acted as croupiers.Addresses were delivered by the chairman(in Gaelic), Mr Murdoch <strong>of</strong> the Highlander,Mr John Macdonald, Sir KennethMackenzie, Mr Eose, Dr Charles Mackay,and others. The proceedings wereenlivened by the excellent bagpipe selections<strong>of</strong> the society's piper, jSIaclennau,and the singing <strong>of</strong> appropriate songs,Gaelic and English, by various members<strong>of</strong> the company.Edinburgh. — The members <strong>of</strong> theEdinbrgh Shinty Club (Cuideachd-ChamanachdDhuneideaim) which still flourishesin Auld Reekie, had their annual gameonce more in the Queen's Park on New-Year's day—a day as inauspicious, onaccount <strong>of</strong> the high wind, as has everyet been experienced, except on theoccasion <strong>of</strong> the Club's first match withthe 93d Regiment, two years ago, whtnthere blew a perfect hurricane ; but as itis the rule <strong>of</strong> the Club to play on that daylet the weather be what it may, abouttwelve noon the " kilted lads" began togather, and soon thereafter the " Caman"was thrown to the " Senior Member,"Mr. M 'Alpine, by ^Mr. Forbes ; and afterthe hand over first process had been performed,and the necessary enquiries hadbeen made and answered, each proceededto choose his side. Quickly did theformer, who had the first " pick," singleout the athletic Pat Cameron, betterknown as Corriechoile " ; quite as eagerlywas his brother George selected by theother side, thus dividing the house, so tosay against itself. Thereafter the selectionswent on briskly for the first halfdozenor so on both sides, the well-triedSandy Macdonald from Skye, the skilfulCattanach, big Sandy Cameron fromDochanassie, Sutherland, jM'Nicol, Macleod,and so on, usque ad, &c., went thealternate calls, till the surrounding crowdwas di^^ded by two rows <strong>of</strong> brawny,kilt - girded, shinty - armed, and eagerplayers, '• eager (as Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Blackie hasit) to leap as a mettlesome hound ' ' intothe fight with a plunge and a bound,"liosettes, blue and red, were distributed,the "veteran" choosing the red. Thesides being judiciously placed, the ballwas " asked," and in the twinkling<strong>of</strong> an eye " sud 'm badaibh a cheilel>ha na seoid." The 'runs" werefrequent and exciting, and by one<strong>of</strong> these, and the fortunate position <strong>of</strong>Geerge Cameron, who drove the hail, wasthe first hail won to the "Blues," amidshouts <strong>of</strong> triumph from them, and yells<strong>of</strong> what was taken for sympatheticapplause from the ' ' piiblic. Sides being"changed and some rearrangements made,the ' ' Reds" resolved to \^'in, and wipeout the stain <strong>of</strong> defeat from the colour <strong>of</strong>victory ; but they had either not timeenough, or the " Blues" were too strong,for though they <strong>of</strong>ten got unpleasantlynear the hail <strong>of</strong> the "Blues," they failedto find their way between the poles.Time was called shortly after, 3 p.m., andafter some refreshments had been partaken<strong>of</strong>, each and all took the road,having thoroughly enjoyed the day'sgame. No accidents beyond a lickor two are to be recorded, whichis more than can l:ie said <strong>of</strong> some othergames.UiST and Barra.— The first annualgathering <strong>of</strong> the natives <strong>of</strong> North andSouthjUist and Barra, resident in Glasgow,was held in the Bath Street AssemblyRooms, on the evening <strong>of</strong> Friday, the2tìth December. Mr. D. Mackinnon,<strong>of</strong> the Kingston Foundries, occupied thechair. The haU was crowded by anassembly uumbeiing betv/een five and sixliundred, and not a few <strong>of</strong> the gentlemenpresent wore the Highland garb. After
.380 THE GAEL. February, 1874tea, the Chairman delivered an iutereatingaddress, liaving special reference,naturally, to topics <strong>of</strong> interest to thepeople <strong>of</strong> Barra and the Uists. Congratulatingthem upon their beginning tohave social gatherings like the people <strong>of</strong>other districts, he expressed, first <strong>of</strong> all,the great pleasure he felt in presidingthat night over the first <strong>of</strong> what he hopedmight prove a long series <strong>of</strong> yearly festivals.Proceeding to give some account<strong>of</strong> the history and present position <strong>of</strong> theUists and Barra, he made some interestingremarks about the Macneils <strong>of</strong> Barra,their ancient chiefs, and occasioned muchlaughter, by declaring that these werethe superiors <strong>of</strong> the famed Macpherson,who had "a boat <strong>of</strong> his own" at the time<strong>of</strong> Noah's flood ; for they held their Barraas well as their boat at that crisis <strong>of</strong>affairs. They would always cherish, hefelt sure, the history <strong>of</strong> their hereditarychiefs, and the traditions <strong>of</strong> their ancientisles with pride. In the course <strong>of</strong> theevening, addresses were delivered l)y theRev. Mr Cameron and Mr D. MacDonald,the latter <strong>of</strong> whom commended withmuch force the study <strong>of</strong> the Celtic languageand literature <strong>of</strong> their forefathers,to the youth <strong>of</strong> the meeting especially.The artistes engaged for the concert AvereMessrs Hamilton Corbett, tenor ;GeorgeRoy, comic ; and S. Palymire, negrodelineator, who added materially to theevening's enjoyment. In addition tothese. Miss MacPhail sang several balladswith much taste, and we only -wash thatmore lady amateurs could acquit themselvesas well. The pipe playing <strong>of</strong> MrMrMacDonald was much appreciated.Murdoch MacLeod's Gaelic songs werereceived with the greatest acceptance,and were deservedly encored. Thel>rogramme was brought to a close by avote <strong>of</strong> thanks to the Chairman for presiding,and by the entire company singing" Auld Lang Syne." <strong>An</strong> assembly followed.The people <strong>of</strong> the Uists andBarra are to be congratulated on theentire success <strong>of</strong> their first gathering, andit is to be hoped that others may followfrom year to year equally successful.They cannot, however, be more so.TO OUR READERS.The present number <strong>of</strong> the Gaelcloses the second year <strong>of</strong> its existence,and it behoves us to record ourcordial thanks to the friends whohave so kindly assisted us iu theconduct <strong>of</strong> our enterprise. Thesuccess <strong>of</strong> the Gael during the pastyear has been very encouraging;many well qualified to judge, haveexpi-essed most flattering opiuionsregarding its appearance, the selection<strong>of</strong> its contents, and its generalusefulness. While all this is highlygratifying to us, much yet remainsto be achieved in all these respects,and we trust the friends and wellwishers <strong>of</strong> the Gael in all parts <strong>of</strong>the world will not fail to exert themselvesstill further to extend itsusefulness and increase its circulation.We are glad to state that thesame pojiular and eminent Gaelicscholars who have aided us in thepast, as well as many others, haveexpressed their intention <strong>of</strong> givingtheir kind co-operation and assistanceduring the coming year. Wepurpose continuing our music page,and shall thank our readers to communicateto us any old and curioussongs, with their airs if possible,which they may chance to meet with,and which are in danger <strong>of</strong> sinkinginto oblivion. Much <strong>of</strong> our literature,both song and story, is alreadylost, and we shall consider onrselvesamply rewarded if v/e succeed inrescuing from a similar fate even asmall portion <strong>of</strong> the inimitable lyrics<strong>of</strong> our native country.Errata. — Several inaccuracieshaving crept into jyages 343-34G(Jan.), we have issued ivith the presentnumber four emendatioii ])affesìnhìch 01 rr readers will he goodenouglo to substitute for the correspondingj)(t^es in the Jan. numberwhen binding the volume.On 2>cige 347a^ line 21, insert andafter the word genuine,
THE GAEL,ENGLISH DEPARTMENT.j-A.:ixrxj-A.i^~5r, i874.GAELIC PHILOLOGY. compared with Lat. j^uteus (a well),Dut. jnit (a well, pit), Dan. pyt (aNOTES BY THE REV. ALEX. CAMERON.pool, puddle), A.S. ^:»yf aud 2^yii {'^(Continued from page 314. )pit, well), Eng. 2^^i- Stokes, who189. Amadan.refers to Stuart's Preface to the BookAmadan (fool) is from aiiuid (fool, <strong>of</strong> Deer (p. Ixxxiv.), gives "division,"madman ;= am privative and mud " portion," as the meaning <strong>of</strong> 2nt,foi' inat = ììiant from root man, to anc. pet, in Scottish topography. Cf.Stokes' Goidilica, 2d ed., p. 120.think). It is cognate with Lat.aniens, amentis (foolish), Sansk. amati— a-mati (a privative and mati,mind), from root man. Cf. Stokes'Ir. Glosses, p. 66 ; Bopp's Sansk.Glossary, p. 283. Cf. farmad anddeannad (vol. II. p. 56).190. Bràth and quern.Bràth (quern ;gen. hrathan) =brain (O'Reilly) and broon (Stokes'Ir. Glosses, p. 96). It is cognatewith Goth, qvalrnus. Old Ice. quorn.in Latin and in the Teutoniclanguages. See Curtius' Gr. Etymologyand Ebel's Celtic Studies bySullivan, p. 117.192. Bran (a raven) is cognatewith SlaA". vranu and Lith. varnas(raven). Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studiesby Sullivan, p. 119.193. jPii (hollow ; occumng frequentlyin names <strong>of</strong> places) may be194. >Sàr (very, excellent) is cognatewith Ger. sehr (very). Stokes(cf. Ir. Glosses, p. 90) equates sdrwith Sansk. sakra. Lat. sacer. Cf.der (now deur) aud Gr. dakry, Goth.tagr; mdr (now mòrj and Gr. makros.195. Suain, suaimhneach.Sitain (sleep ; in Mid. Gael, suan)= W. hvn and corresponds to Bret.Iiephun (sleep). Old Ice. sv'èfn (sleep),Old Eng. siceven, Lat. sumnus (sleep)from sopnus, Gr. hypnos (sleep),Sansk. svdpna (sleep) from svap (toOld H. Ger. quiru, A.S. cweorn,Eng. quern. Cf. blu (living) andGoth, qvius, from which come A.S. sleep). Suaimhneach (calm, tranquil)is from the same root. Cf.cwic, Eng. quick; bean and Goth.qvens, A.S, cioen, Eng. queen.Bopp's Glossary, p. 438, and Stokes'191. Braon and rain.Ir. Glosses, pp. 89 aud 163.Braon (drop, rain ; anc. braen and 196. Meil, muileann muillear,broenjis cognate with Goth, rigii, Ger.regen, A.S. rcegn and regn, Eng. rain,and mill, meal.Meil (grind) = W. malu (to grind)_ Cf. Gr. brecho (to rain) and Lat. and is cognate with Lat. molo (torigo (to rain) which are fi^om the grind), mola (mill), Gr. myle (asame root. Initial b, retained in mill), Ger. miihle (mill), Dut,Greek and Gaelic, has been dropped molen (mill), A.S. mylen (mill),Eng. mill. Muileann (mill ; in Mid.Gael, muilind and muileand = W.melin) is probably a loan-woi'd fromLat. molina {mill), fi'om mola. Muillear(miller) is for muilnear, in Mid.Gael, muilneoir (n being assimilatedto I, as in colla for colna gen. <strong>of</strong>colunn). Cf. Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p.88. Eng. meal belongs to the sameroot. Max Miiller refers meil and
;344 THE GAEL. Jamiai7, 1874.its cognates to the Aryan I'oot vKir(to grind down). Cf. Lectures, vol.IL p. 350, Ed. 187L197. Muir (sea; gen. »mra) —Gaulish mori (cf. Morikambe), W.ììiòr, and is cognate with Lat. viare(sea). Mare is referred by MaxiVIiiller to the root mar. Cf, Lectures,vol. II. p. 353.198. Naihair (serpent ; anc.nathir) = W. neidr and may be comparedwith Lat. iiatrix (water-serpent),Goth, nadrs (viper). Old H.Ger. 7uUra, nata,ra, N. II. Ger. natter(adder). Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studiesby Sullivan, p. 114, and Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 46.199. Leus and light.Leus (light ;gen. ledis) and lensan(a little light) may 1)0 compai'ed withDan. l>/s (light) and Old Ice. ^jos(light).These words are cognate with Lat.lux (light; = lues J,Gr. lychnoa (light),Goth, liahaih (light), Old. H. Ger.lioht (light), Ger. light (light), Eng.light. Cf. Sansk. I'oot rucJh (toshine) and also IocIl and lok (to shine,to see). ZMc/irtr(liglit),('«c/i«tr(brightness,bright), and lochrau (lamp ;from Lat. lucerna) may be comparedwith Lat. luceo (to shine), from lux.Cf. Curtius' Gr. Etymology, p.147, and Bopp's Sansk. Glossary, p.353.200. Luglta, Ivgìuul, and liglit(not heavy).Lugha (less ; anc. laigiit and lugio)= W. llai, and is cognate with Gi\pjasson for elachidn (less, smallerfrom elachys), leviur (lighter, less,smaller ; comp. <strong>of</strong> levin from leguisj,Sansk. laghtydns (comp. <strong>of</strong> lagh'a,light). With Sansk. laghìi^ Gr.elachys, Lat. levib; are cognate Goth.leihts (light), Old H. Ger. lihti(light). New H. Ger. leicld, A.S.leoht., liht, Eng, light. Lughad(littleness; anc. lagailj is fromlugha. Cf. Ebel's Celtic Studies bySullivan, p. Ill, Stokes' Ir. Glosses,p. 109, and Diefenbach's Goth.Worterbuch.201. Truagh, truaghan, tròcair ;W.trium; Bret, trxiant; Fr. truaiid;Eng. truant.Truagh (wretched ; anc. trog) -W. truan (A\Tetched), and correspondsto Bret, truant (vagabond), Er.truand (beggar), and Eng. truant(lit. a wanderer or outcast). Cf.Wedgwood's Diet, <strong>of</strong> Eng. Etymology.Trtiaghan (a wretched one) isformedfrom ^rttaf/Ziby adding the mas.dim. termination an. Tròcair (mercy," amor miseri ") was in old Gaelictròcaire., from trocar = trdg-car, <strong>of</strong>which trog — truagh and car is thesame root with which we meet inLat, cams (dear) and Gael, caraid(friend). Cf. Z. G. C, p. 62, andEbel's Celtic Studies by Sullivan, p.145.202. Fearg,/airge, and Gr. orgc.Fearg (anger, wrath : anc. fere[also ferce^ =fo'i'ggi .f^w) i^ cognatewith Gr. orge ( =^ Forge). Ct OldW. guerg (gl. efficax) and GaulishVergohretus. To the same rootZeuss refers (G. C, p.11) fairggae,foirggae (fairge, foirge, the sea).Hence " Ouergiouios (Vergivius)okeanos"in Ptol. If Zeuss and othersbe correct in connecting ergon (work= Fergon) with or(/e, then Goth.vaurkjail, vaurhta, A. S. weorc, wyrhta,Ger. werk, Eng. work., wright, arecognate with ye«ny andy«M'^e. Theroot idea <strong>of</strong> these words, according toGliick, is motion, agitation. Cf.Stokes' Ir. Glosses, pp. 68, 78.203. Dorcha and dark.If we compare dorcha (dark ; anc.dorche) and sorchu (bright) we ascertainthat do and so are Gaelic prefixescorresponding to Sansk. du,diis, Gr. dus- and Sansk. «», Gr. eil.Cf. daor and saor, doilleir and solleir,dona and sonci. Dorcha may, therefore,be regarded as formed from doand the root ruch (to shine). Cf.
uch (to shine) and ruch (splendour)in Bopp's Grlossaiy, p. 323, and alsorichis (flame) iu Z. G. C, p. 72. Ondark^ from A.S. chore, which is manifestlyakin to dorcha, Wedgwoodremarks ": The particles so and doin Gaelic are equivalent to ei% anddus in Greek, as in son^ good, anddon, bad. In similar relation toeach other stand sorc/ia, light, anddorch or dorcha, dark. The elementcommon to the two woidd appear tobe the notion <strong>of</strong> seeing, which, however,we ai-e unable to trace in theform <strong>of</strong> the words." If we regarddark, deorc, as derived from the rootruch, the difiiculty disappears. Cf.Stokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 5!J.204. High, deigh, eighre, and ice.Eigh (ice) was in ancient Gaelicaig for jag, initial j having disappearedby rule. Aig - W. ia forjag(cf. Z. G. C, p. 49), and is cognatewith Hung, jeg. Lap. jmgna. LowDut. aisen, Dut. ijs, Ger. eis, Ice. is,A.S. is, Eng. ice. Cf, Wedgwood'sDiet, <strong>of</strong> English Etymology. Deigh= eigih (cf. dialtag — ialtag, anddeamitag = -eanntag). The formeighre is from the same root.205. Saighead (arrow ; anc. saiget)~ Lat. sagitta. The W. is saitlt,,which would have initial h if theword were Celtic. Cf. Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 57. G <strong>of</strong> saighead isaspirated because flanked by vowels,but dl or i is not aspirated because itstands for tt.206. Luireach (corslet ; = W.lluryg) is from Lat, lorica (corslet).Lorica is from lorvm (a leathernthong). C <strong>of</strong> luireach is aspiratedbecause vowel-flanked.207. Cochal and cowl.Cochal (hood, cowl, husk; anc.cochull) — Lat. cucidlus (covering forthe head, hood), Goth, hakuls, OldH. Ger. hachul, A.S. cugele, cugle,ciMe, Eng, cowl.208. LethTHE GAEL. 346Leth (half, a side) is cognate withLat. latus (side), Gr. jjlatos, OldH. Ger. Mat, 2ylat. Cf. Ebel's CelticStudies by Sullivan, p. 111.209. Leathan and flat.Leathan (broad ; anc. lethan) iscognate with Lat. latus (broad), Gr.2)latus (broad), Old Ice. flatr, Eng.Jfat. Initial ^j is frequently droppedin Gaelic.210. jRiin (purpose, secret, mystery)- W. rhiu and is cognate withGoth, runa (secret, mystery), OldH. Dut. ruiia (mystery), A.S, run(a letter, magical character, mystery),Dan. runer (lunic letters),Ice. run, plur. runir or runar(runic letters), Eng. runes. Cf.Diefenbach's Goth. Worterbuch,Bosworth's Dictionary, and Ebel'sCeltic Studies by Sullivan, p.118.211. Bean (to strike) and bane.Bean (to strike; anc. benim, Istrike) is cognate with the obsoleteGr. jjhend (I slay ; cf. 2 aor. epephnon),Sansk. van (to strike, smite),Goth, hanja (blow), Old H. Ger.batia (death-blow), Mid. H. Ger.bane (destruction), Old Ice. bana(to slay), A, S. 6cmì« (murderer), Eng.hane (destruction). Cf. bana (death),banaghadh (destruction), in O'l^eilly'sDictionary. To the same rootbelongs has (death). Cf. Stokes' Ir.Glosses, p. 157, and Vol. i. ^. 245.212. lomlag and navel,lomlag (navel; also spelled ilmeag)may be compared with Lat. umbilicus(navel; from nubilicusov u-nabilicùsj,Gr. om2ihalos, Sansk. nabhi (navel),Low Dut. rtrtwe, 'itavel, Eng. nave,navel. The Old Gael immlind (navel)is for imblind, and is radically connectedwith Gr. omphalos. CfStokes' Ir. Glosses, p. 150, Curtius'Gr. Etymology, p. 2(35, and Bopp'sSansk. Glossary, p. 213. In iomlagui is for 'lid).(To be continued.)
'>346 THE GAEL.THE MACDONALDS AND THEMACKEXZIES.In the Gael for DecemVjer thereis a notice <strong>of</strong> these two clans,founded ou an extract <strong>of</strong> a letter bythe late Hon. Mrs. Ste^vart Mackenzie,wherein she states, " the(juarterhj Bevieic SAysthe Mackenzies^ere once a dependent clan on the]\Iacdona1ds. 1 can assure you suchwas never the case." Notwithstandingthis very strong assertion, thestatement <strong>of</strong> the Quarterly Review isthe true one ;the Mackenzies werethe vassals <strong>of</strong> the Macdonalds, Lords<strong>of</strong> the Isles, they received theù' landsfrom them. The history <strong>of</strong> theMackenzies was drawn up by Dr.George Mackenzie, who Ijeing one<strong>of</strong> the clan would not say anythingunfavourable to it. He states that inthe year I4G3, John, Earl <strong>of</strong> Eossand Lord <strong>of</strong> the Isles, granted bycharter the lands <strong>of</strong> Strathgarve andmany other lands, to AlexanderMackenzie, the then head and chief<strong>of</strong> the name ; there can be no questionbut that the writer <strong>of</strong> the historymust have seen the charter, so as tolie able to make the statement hedoes, and no doubt it is the oldestauthentic document the Mackenziescan ])roduce. As to the pretendednncient claims to the lands <strong>of</strong> Kintailbeing granted by a charter to the^lackenzies so far back as 1262, ithas been proved to be a forgery.We find that the lands <strong>of</strong> Kintailbelonged to the Earl <strong>of</strong> Hoss, andnot tht! Mackeuzies, as he grantedI hem 1)y a charter dated at his castle<strong>of</strong> Urquhart on •Ith July, 1342, toReginald, son <strong>of</strong> Roderick de Insulis<strong>of</strong> the Macdonald family, and thischarter was, as appears in theRecords, confirmed by King DavidIT., in 1344; thus wc learn thatalmost a century later than thejieriod claimed by the Mackenzies,(jus than is generally known ;priorEarls <strong>of</strong> lloss, and the Macdonaldsthe charter ^vill be found in Robertsou's" Index <strong>of</strong> Charters," pages99 and 100. It is very probablethat in the same year or soon afterthe foi'feiture, <strong>of</strong> the Lord <strong>of</strong> theIsles, Avhich took place in 1493, thatthe Crowu made a gi-ant <strong>of</strong> Kintailto the Mackeuzies. The clans whoAvere vassals to the Earls <strong>of</strong> Rossand Lords <strong>of</strong> the Isles, and got theirlands from them, are far more uumer-to the forfeiture, they include theMacLeans, the Camerous, the Mac-Leods, both <strong>of</strong> Lewis and Harris,the Clan Macneill, also the minorclans <strong>of</strong> the Mackinnons, Macfies,Macquanies ; the Mackeuzies, ashas been shown, the Muuroes, theRosses, the Diugwalls, Urquharts,and the Rosses or Roses <strong>of</strong> Kilravock.The descent <strong>of</strong> the chiefs<strong>of</strong> the Mackenzies has been assertedto be Iiish, l)ut this is mere fableand was wholly unkuown in 1450,as appears in that invaluable andauthentic chronicle, the KilbrideMS. <strong>of</strong> the genealogies <strong>of</strong> the Highlaudclans, written in 1450; in it theirdescent is thus given, " the genealogy<strong>of</strong> the Clan Kenneth, Murdoch,son <strong>of</strong> Kenneth, son <strong>of</strong> John, son <strong>of</strong>Kenneth, son <strong>of</strong> <strong>An</strong>gus, sou <strong>of</strong><strong>An</strong>gus, son <strong>of</strong> Christian, son <strong>of</strong>Adam, sou <strong>of</strong> Gilleoiu-og, son <strong>of</strong>Gilleoin <strong>of</strong> the Aird; " * the two lastnames are supposed to be the sameas Colin (called in present GaelicCailean) and hence so many <strong>of</strong> theMackenzies called Coliu, We findthat this last-named " Coliu <strong>of</strong> theAird " is in the same ancient chroniclemade head <strong>of</strong> the Ross tribe,and thus the Mackenzies are identifiedwith them ; and from thenumerous generations given in the* See this genealogy in the " lona Clubthe lauds <strong>of</strong> Kintail belonged to the Transactions," pages 54, 55,
"FOETHOOMING VOLUMEOFCt)e Celtic iHasajtne:A Monthly Periodical. Price Sixpence.(WRITTEN IN ENGLISH).Conducted hy Alexander Mackenzie {late Secretary <strong>of</strong> the GaelicSociety),AND DEVOTED TO THELITERATURE, HISTORY, ANTIQUITIES, TRADITIONS,FOLK-LORE,AND THESOCIAL AND MATERIAL INTERESTS OF THE CELTAT HOME AND ABROAD,The Magazine, beginning with the first numher <strong>of</strong> Vol. II. issued on 1stNovember, is considerably enlarged.In the November Number will appear the First Canto <strong>of</strong> the " Clearing <strong>of</strong> the Glens,a Poem (to be continued) in Seven Cantos, by Principal Shaikp <strong>of</strong> St. <strong>An</strong>drews ;" TheCareer and Death <strong>of</strong> Colonel Baillie <strong>of</strong> Dunain in India," by Charles Fuaser-Mackin-TOSH, M.P. ; the first instalment <strong>of</strong> "The Prophecies <strong>of</strong> the Brahan Seer" {OoinneackOdhar Fiosaich), by the Editor; "The Ossianic Controversy," by Hector Macleanand the Rev. P. Hately Waddell, LL.D. ; "The Highland Ceilidh" (continued), bjAlastaik Og "; James Macpherson " (Scumm an Tuim), by the Rev. A. Sinclair,Kenmore, &c., &c.i".We have also arranged with the following well known :— Celtic Scholars for a Series <strong>of</strong>Articles, which will appear in the forthcoming volume "Depopulation and Evictionsin the Highlands," by Charles Eraser-Mackintosh, M.P. ; The Rev. Alex. Stewart,E.S.A., Scot., " Nether-Lochaber, " on " Highland Folk-Lore " ; Mrs. Mackellar, Bard<strong>of</strong> the Gaelic Society <strong>of</strong> Inverness, on "Highland Superstition," .she will also contributeOriginal Poetry ; the Rev. Alex. Macgregor, M.A., on "Highland Destitution withinthe last 40 years," "Flora Macdonald," "Prince Charlie," and other Interesting Subjects; Alex. Fraser, Inverness, on "The Fentons," the Predecessors <strong>of</strong> the Frasers inthe Aird, "Prince Charlie in Inverness" ; on the "Elegies <strong>of</strong> Rob Donn, the ReayBard," by "Kinbeace," &c., &c. ; Alastair Og will continue his "Highland Ceilidh,"ToRQUiL his Interesting Sketches, and William Allan will continue to contribute OriginalPoetry.Among other Contributors will be found :—The Rev. Geoege Gilfillan ;The VeryRev. Ulick J. Canon Bourke, M.RI.A., President <strong>of</strong> St. Jarlath's College, Tuam;The Rev. John Darroch, M.A., Portree ; The Rev. John Macpherson, Lairg ;Pr<strong>of</strong>essorBlackie ; Dr. Charles Mackay, the Poet ; Dr. Thomas Maclauchlan ; SheriffNicoLSON ; Wm. Jolly, H. M. Inspector <strong>of</strong> Schools ;Archibald Farquharson, Tiree ;The Rev. A. C. Sbtherland, B.D., Strathbraan ;John Cameron Macphee, President<strong>of</strong> the Gaelic Society <strong>of</strong> London ;Alexander Macklntosh Shaw, London ; Evan G.Mackenzie, Inverness ; Minnie Littlejohn ; Knockfin, and other well-known writerson Celtic subjects. Traditions, and Folk-Lore.Aimual Subscription, 6s. in advance ; per Post, 7s. Credit, 8s. ;per Post, 9s.May be ordered from aU Booksellers, or from the Publishers.A. & W. MACKENZIE.2 Haotlton Place, Inverness.AUSTRALIAN AGENTS—Go^do^h & Gotch, Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane.
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