Introduction

• Format worksheets so that they are easy to understand (e.g., use large-size font; an unclutteredlayout; spatial cues, such as arrows; colour cues).• Encourage students to use graphic organizers and graph paper to organize ideas and writtenwork.• Provide augmentative and alternative communications systems.• Provide assistive technology, such as text-to-speech software.• Provide time-management aids (e.g., checklists).• Encourage students to verbalize as they work on mathematics problems.• Provide access to computers.• Reduce the number of tasks to be completed.• Provide extra time to complete tasks.Environmental Accommodations• Provide an alternative work space.• Seat students strategically (e.g., near the front of the room; close to the teacher in group settings;with a classmate who can help them).• Reduce visual distractions.• Minimize background noise.• Provide a quiet setting.• Provide headphones to reduce audio distractions.• Provide special lighting.• Provide assistive devices or adaptive equipment.Assessment Accommodations• Have students demonstrate understanding using concrete materials or orally rather than inwritten form.• Have students record oral responses on audiotape.• Have students’ responses on written tasks recorded by a scribe.• Provide assistive technology, such as speech-to-text software.• Provide an alternative setting.• Provide assistive devices or adaptive equipment.• Provide augmentative and alternative communications systems.• Format tests so that they are easy to understand (e.g., use large-size font; an uncluttered layout;spatial cues, such as arrows; colour cues).42 A Guide to Effective Instruction in Mathematics, Kindergarten to Grade 6 – Volume One