Deepwater Gulf of Mexico 2004: America's Expanding ... - OCS BBS

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One indicator that MMS has found useful in projecting activity levels is the number of plans received. Although the order of plan submission and drilling activities can vary with projects, operators generally proceed as follows: • file an Exploration Plan (EP), • drill exploratory wells, • file a Conceptual Deep Water Operations Plan (DWOP), • file a Development Operations Coordination Document (DOCD), • file a Preliminary DWOP, • drill development wells, then • begin production. Figure 38 shows the number of deepwater EP’s, deepwater DOCD’s, and DWOP’s received each year since 1992 (DWOP’s were not required until 1995). The count of EP’s and DOCD’s includes initial, supplemental, and revised plans; only the initial submittals (Conceptual Part) of the DWOP’s are shown. Some shallow-water activities are included in the DWOP data because DWOP’s must be filed and approved for developments in greater than 1,000-ft (305 m) water depths and for all subsea developments regardless of water depth. The discussion of subsea wells later in this report will address the significance of shallow-water subsea tiebacks—the effective use of deepwater technologies in shallow-water marginal developments. There was a marked increase in EP’s, DOCD’s, and DWOP’s beginning in 1996. In recent years, however, there has been a moderate decrease in these plans. Until recently there had been a gradual increase of drilling depth (as measured in true vertical depth [TVD]). Since 1996 the maximum drilling depth has increased rapidly, reaching depths below 30,000 ft (9,144 m) in 2002. Figure 39 shows the maximum TVD of wells drilled each year since 1965. The maximum TVD increased gradually from 17,500 ft (5,334 m) in 1965 to 26,978 ft (8,223 m) in 1998. The recent dramatic increase in TVD to a record 31,824 ft (9,700 m), reached in 2003, may be attributed to several factors, including enhanced rig capabilities, deeper exploration targets, and the general trend toward greater water depths. Figure 40 shows the maximum water depth drilled in the entire GOM each year since 1965. The progression into greater water depths has been very rapid. Deepwater drilling began in 1975; significant water depth records occurred in 1976 (1,986 ft or 605 m), 1983 (3,530 ft or 1,076 m), and 1987 (7,500 ft or 2,286 m). In November 2003, ChevronTexaco set a world record – drilling in 10,011 ft (3,051 m) of water at its Toledo prospect in Alaminos Canyon Block 951. DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS Development strategies vary for deepwater depending on reserve size, proximity to infrastructure, operating considerations (such as well interventions), economic considerations, and an operator’s interest in establishing a production hub for the area. Figure 41 shows the different systems that can be used to develop deepwater discoveries. Table 4 lists the systems that have begun production. In contrast to the MMS field designations used in the 2002 report, table 4 now lists operator-designated project names. Fixed platforms (e.g., Bullwinkle) have economic water-depth limits of about 1,400 ft (427 m). Compliant towers (e.g., Petronius) may be considered for water depths of approximately 1,000-3,000 ft (305-914 m). Tension-leg platforms (TLP’s) (e.g., Brutus and Typhoon) are frequently used in 1,000- to 5,000-ft (305- to 1,524-m) water depths. Spars (e.g., Genesis), semisubmersible production units (e.g., Na Kika), and floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) systems (none in GOM) may be used in water depths ranging up to and beyond 10,000 ft (3,048 m). Figure 42 shows three of these development systems: a TLP, a spar, and a semisubmersible. 58
180 160 Deepwater EP Deepwater DOCD DWOP 152 158 144 142 135 140 59 Number of Plans Received 25 3 25 4 35 4 38 7 5 125 120 100 80 60 64 105 40 40 19 32 24 26 26 34 35 35 31 25 32 20 10 11 16 14 0 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Year Figure 38. Deepwater EP's, DOCD's, and DWOP's received in the Gulf of Mexico since 1992.
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ON COVER - The cover features four
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Table of Contents Page PREFACE.....
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Figures Page Figure 1. The Gulf of
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Figures — continued Page Figure 5
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Tables Page Table 1 List of Deepwat
Page 15 and 16:
INTRODUCTION The deepwater Gulf of
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BACKGROUND DEFINITIONS The GOM Oute
Page 19 and 20:
EXPANDING FRONTIER When the origina
Page 21 and 22: 1992 - 1993 Louisiana Mississippi A
Page 23 and 24: 1992 - 2003 Texas Louisiana Mississ
Page 25 and 26: fffffffffffffffff 1500 ft Quaternar
Page 27 and 28: In addition to the traditional oil
Page 29 and 30: 15 Figure 8. Gas hydrates on the se
Page 33 and 34: 4,500 4,000 Number of Active Leases
Page 35 and 36: ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITY The extensiv
Page 37 and 38: Operators submit a remotely operate
Page 39 and 40: 25 Figure 15. Loop and eddy current
Page 43 and 44: 29 Deepwater Discoveries $ #Y Texas
Page 45 and 46: 31 Texas ð PORT ARANSAS 1000 ft 15
Page 47 and 48: Louisiana Mississippi Alabama 33 Te
Page 49 and 50: Pipelines New pipelines Proposed pi
Page 51 and 52: LEASING Until the mid-1990's, leasi
Page 53 and 54: Number of Leases Bid On 600 500 400
Page 59 and 60: 2004 - 2005 (741 leases) Louisiana
Page 61 and 62: DRILLING AND DEVELOPMENT Deepwater
Page 63 and 64: 49 Figure 30. The Discoverer Deep S
Page 65 and 66: 51 Number of Wells Spudded 250 200
Page 67 and 68: 120 > 7,500 ft 107 108 100 5,000 -
Page 71: 1998 - 1999 Louisiana Mississippi A
Page 75 and 76: 340 626 390 472 472 456 393 475 590
Page 77 and 78: Year of First Production Table 4 De
Page 79 and 80: Year of First Production Table 4 De
Page 81 and 82: A predominant workhorse of the GOM
Page 83 and 84: 3 Number Installed 2 1 0 2004 69 TL
Page 85 and 86: Flow lines to host platform Subsea
Page 87 and 88: 140 131 120 100 78 Number of Wells
Page 89 and 90: RESERVES AND PRODUCTION The deepwat
Page 91 and 92: 77 Million Barrels of Oil Equivalen
Page 93 and 94: 18 16 14 12 10 8 Number of Fields 6
Page 95 and 96: 81 Million Barrels of Oil Equivalen
Page 97 and 98: 45,000 40,000 Million Barrels Oil E
Page 99 and 100: 1992-1993 1994-1995 1996-1997 Lease
Page 101 and 102: S hallo w- wa ter GOM 11% Deepwater
Page 103 and 104: 1,200,000 1,000,000 Total productio
Page 105 and 106: 1,100,000 1,000,000 Subsea oil Tota
Page 107 and 108: 900,000 800,000 Majors Nonmajors 70
Page 109 and 110: 45,000 40,000 Max oil rate 1,000-1,
Page 111 and 112: 4,000 3,500 Shallow water Deepwater
Page 113 and 114: Texas Auger Louisiana SS182 Troika
Page 115 and 116: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS This report
Page 117 and 118: 2,500 Number of leases Average U.S.
Page 119 and 120: Number of Years 14 12 leas es in p
Page 121 and 122: data for this analysis include only
Page 123 and 124:
80 2500 70 60 Number of leases dril
Page 125 and 126:
4,500 4,000 3,500 Leases tested Lea
Page 127:
• Nonmajor companies have made mo
Page 131:
REFERENCES Bascle, B. J., L. D. Nix
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Project Name Area/Block Water Depth
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Sale Number Sale Location Sale Date
Page 148 and 149:
Completed Studies [MMS Study Number
Page 150 and 151:
Group Name Company Name MMS Number
Page 152 and 153:
Group Name Company Name MMS Number
Page 154 and 155:
Appendix G. Subsea Completions. Are
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Area Block API Number Operator Comp
Page 158 and 159:
Area Block API Number Operator 144
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Year Shallowwater Oil (MBOPD) Deepw
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