SCHOOL THESIS

in the risk of misconduct. These recruitment practices have included the
use of placement groups or “body shops,” bounties, recruitment bonuses
or employee rewards for referring recruits, and the recruitment and
preferential hiring of employee family members or friends. While many of
these processes may prove highly valuable in employee recruitment, in
some cases they have exacerbated other insider risks when they have
resulted in reduced screening or contributed to internal social networks
that compete for employee loyalty with the organization. 177
C. PRE-EMPLOYMENT SCREENING
The report by Shaw, Fischer, and Rose describes:
Pre-employment Screening [as] the manner in which organizations
proactively examine potential employees, including contractors,
subcontractors and temporary hires, for personal and professional history
and characteristics related to their qualifications, fit, and risks as
employees. Numerous subjects who committed insider misconduct would
probably not have been hired by their organizations if prior activities and
personal characteristics—which are the routine target of pre-employment
screening measures—had been detected. 178
Reviewing credit reports and criminal records, contacting personal references, verifying
education records, and informal online searches, for example, social media sites, can
enhance the “whole person” approach to obtaining a security clearance.
D. TRAINING, EDUCATION, AND PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS
The report by Shaw, Fischer, and Rose portray the importance of the effectiveness
of training and education. They state:
Training and Education and Evaluation of Training Effectiveness (TEE)
refers to the way the organization provides formal training and education
regarding its policies and practices, especially those directly related to
insider risk. TEE also refers to the way in which the organization assesses
the effectiveness of education and training efforts through direct
evaluation of employee learning and skills, as well as the impact on the
risk behaviors targeted in the education and training programs. The
frequency with which these TEE programs are updated to take account of
177 Shaw, Fischer, and Rose, Insider Risk Evaluation and Audit, 10.
178 Ibid., 10.
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