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year’s end, 45 people in America had<br />
been killed in “violent jihadist attacks”<br />
since the Al Qaeda massacre of Sept. 11,<br />
2001, just short of the 48 people killed<br />
in the same 14-year period in “far right<br />
wing attacks.” (Unlike the ADL, the foundation<br />
does not count non-political violence<br />
by extremists.)<br />
The impact of terrorism goes far<br />
beyond the body count. Violence motivated<br />
by racial, ethnic or religious animus<br />
fractures society along its most<br />
fragile fault lines, and sends shock<br />
waves through entire targeted communities.<br />
More hatred and fear, particularly<br />
of diversity, are often the response.<br />
Several political figures have harnessed<br />
that fear, calling for bans on mosques,<br />
Muslim immigrants and refugees fleeing<br />
violence in the Middle East. And terror<br />
can breed hate crimes, as evidenced by<br />
a string of physical attacks on mosques<br />
and Muslims, particularly after a jihadist<br />
couple in San Bernardino, Calif., murdered<br />
14 people in December.<br />
From start to finish, the year 2015 was<br />
remarkable for its terrorist violence, the<br />
penetration of the radical right and its<br />
conspiracy theories into mainstream<br />
politics, and the boost far-right ideas<br />
and groups received from pandering<br />
politicians like Donald Trump. And the<br />
situation appears likely to get worse, not<br />
better, as the country continues to come<br />
to terms with its increasing diversity.<br />
What’s Going On?<br />
Eight years after the election of our first<br />
black president, two years after the birth<br />
of the Black Lives Matter movement, and<br />
half a year after same-sex marriage was<br />
legalized, Americans are arguably as<br />
angry as they have been in decades.<br />
The bulk of that anger is coming from<br />
beleaguered working-class and, to a lesser<br />
extent, middle-class white people, especially<br />
the less educated — the very same<br />
groups that most vociferously support<br />
HATE GROUPS 1999–2015<br />
751<br />
708<br />
676<br />
762<br />
803<br />
844<br />
888<br />
926<br />
932<br />
1002<br />
1018<br />
1007<br />
939<br />
784<br />
892<br />
602<br />
457<br />
1999<br />
2000<br />
2001<br />
2002<br />
2003<br />
2004<br />
2005<br />
2006 2007<br />
2008<br />
2009<br />
2010<br />
2011<br />
2012<br />
2013<br />
2014<br />
2015<br />
AP PHOTO/UNION COUNTY, FLA., SHERIFF’S OFFICE/ ALACHUA COUNTY JAIL (KKK); AP PHOTO/JOHN LOCHER (BUNDY)<br />
MARCH 24<br />
A longtime racist skinhead<br />
named Steven Snyder<br />
robs a bank in Wausaukee,<br />
Wis., murders a man as<br />
he hijacks a car a half hour<br />
later, and shoots to death<br />
a pursuing state trooper<br />
even as the trooper fatally<br />
shoots him. It is unclear<br />
what Snyder, who has a<br />
20-year history of violence<br />
and onetime ties to the<br />
neo-Nazi National Alliance,<br />
may have been planning.<br />
MARCH 25<br />
Authorities in St. Louis,<br />
Mo., arrest David Michael<br />
Hagler, seizing a stockpile<br />
of 20 guns and thousands<br />
of rounds of ammunition.<br />
They cite informants<br />
who describe Hagler as a<br />
“Rambo” character who<br />
was living “off the grid” and<br />
plotting “mass attacks on<br />
[police] officers at funerals<br />
or fundraisers.” Four<br />
months later, they accuse<br />
Hagler of a bizarre plot to kill<br />
police, then glue a gun to a<br />
black man’s hand and shout<br />
“gun,” leading officers to kill<br />
the man. The informants<br />
describe Hagler as filled with<br />
hate for the government, law<br />
enforcement, Muslims and<br />
African Americans, whose<br />
protests in nearby Ferguson<br />
infuriated him.<br />
APRIL 2<br />
Three alleged members of<br />
the Traditionalist American<br />
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan<br />
who are current or former<br />
employees of the Florida<br />
Department of Corrections<br />
are arrested in a plot to murder<br />
a black former inmate.<br />
Thomas Jordan Driver,<br />
David Elliot Moran and<br />
Charles Thomas Newcomb,<br />
who all worked at one time<br />
at the department’s Lake<br />
Butler intake facility, are<br />
charged with conspiracy.<br />
APRIL 4<br />
Robert Doggart, who in<br />
2014 came in third in a<br />
race to represent the 4th<br />
Congressional District in<br />
Tennessee, is accused of<br />
plotting to use guns and<br />
fire to destroy a community<br />
of black Muslims in<br />
upstate New York. Officials<br />
say Doggart tried to recruit<br />
“patriots” to join him in the<br />
attack on Islamberg, near<br />
Hancock, N.Y., and also said<br />
he would use machetes<br />
to “cut them to shreds.”<br />
Doggart pleads guilty to<br />
communicating threats<br />
shortly after his arrest, but is<br />
indicted later on additional<br />
federal charges that could<br />
bring him 10 years in prison.<br />
APRIL 11-12<br />
Militiamen and fellow<br />
travelers gather at the<br />
Bunkerville, Nev., ranch<br />
of Cliven Bundy. They are<br />
there to celebrate the fact<br />
that a year after their armed<br />
standoff with law enforcement,<br />
no one has been<br />
arrested or charged despite<br />
the promises of authorities<br />
and the fact that several of<br />
Bundy’s entourage pointed<br />
firearms at officials, a felony.<br />
The Bundys’ apparent<br />
imperviousness to arrest<br />
clearly fosters their willingness<br />
to engage in further<br />
antigovernment actions.<br />
spring 2016 37