JIOMICS
JIOMICS Internacional
JIOMICS Internacional
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<strong>JIOMICS</strong> | VOL 5 | ISSUE 2 | DECEMBER 2015 | 1-62<br />
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATED OMICS<br />
Journal of Integrated Omics<br />
A METHODOLOGICAL JOURNAL<br />
HTTP://WWW.<strong>JIOMICS</strong>.COM<br />
Special Issue: Proceeding Abstracts of the 4 th International Congress on Analytical Proteomics (ICAP 2015)<br />
Effects of heavy metals on Cyanothece sp. CCY 0110 growth, extracellular<br />
polymeric substances (EPS) production, ultrastructure and protein profiles<br />
R. Mota 1,2,3 , S. B. Pereira 1,2 , M. Meazzini 4 , R. Fernandes 1,2 , A. Santos 1,2,3 , C. A. Evans 5 , R. De Philippis 4,6 , P. C. Wright 5 , and P.<br />
Tamagnini* 1,2,3<br />
1<br />
i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal. 2 IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular,<br />
Univ Porto. Rua do Campo Alegre, 823. 4150-180. Porto Portugal. 3 Faculdade de Ciências, Dept. Biologia, Univ. Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre,<br />
Edifício FC4, 4169-007. Porto. Portugal. 4 Dept. Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences, Univ. Florence. Piazzale delle Cascine 24. I-<br />
50144. Florence. Italy. 5 ChELSI Institute, Dept. Chemical and Biological Engineering, Univ. Sheffield. Hadfield building, Mappin Street. S1 3J.<br />
Sheffield. U. K. 6 Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council (CNR). Via Madonna del Piano, 10. 50019. Sesto Fiorentino. Italy.<br />
*Corresponding author: pmtamagn@ibmc.up.pt<br />
Available Online: 31 December 2015<br />
Abstract<br />
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of several heavy metals on the growth/survival, EPS production, ultrastructure<br />
and protein profiles of the highly efficient extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-producer cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. CCY 0110.<br />
Experimental description: After exposure to different concentrations of metals (Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , or Li + ), cell growth, production of total<br />
carbohydrates and RPS (released polysaccharides) and ultrastructural changes were investigated. Proteomes were compared by two 8-plex<br />
iTRAQ studies and results were validated with data from Western blots, O 2 evolution and ROS measurements and enzymatic assays.<br />
Results: The heavy metals affected the cells differently, triggering distinctive responses. Concerning chronic exposure to the metals, the<br />
cells were more affected by Cu 2+ followed by Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Li + . The presence of metals led to remarkable ultrastructural changes, mainly at the<br />
thylakoid level. The comparison of the proteomes allowed to follow the stress responses and to distinguish specific effects related to the time of<br />
exposure and/or the concentration of an essential (Cu 2+ ) and a non-essential (Cd 2+ ) metal. The majority of the proteins identified with significant<br />
fold changes were associated with photosynthesis, CO 2 fixation and carbohydrate metabolism, translation, and nitrogen and amino acid<br />
metabolism. Unexpectedly, the amount of released polysaccharides (RPS) was not enhanced by the presence of heavy metals.<br />
Conclusions: This work shows the holistic effects of different heavy metals on the cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. CCY 0110. Overall, the<br />
results suggest that during Cu 2+ chronic exposure the cells adjust their metabolism to invest the spare energy in the activation of metal detoxification<br />
mechanisms. In contrast, the toxic effects of Cd 2+ accumulate over time suggesting that cells might not have the same capacity to deal<br />
with this non-essential metal.<br />
Keywords: Cyanobacteria; Cyanothece; extracellular polymeric substances (EPS); heavy metals; iTRAQ; proteome.<br />
Acknowledgements: The work was funded by FEDER Funds through the Operational Competitiveness Programme – COMPETE and<br />
national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia under the project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-028314 (PTDC/BIA-<br />
MIC/2889/2012) and the scholarships SFRH/BD/84914/2012 and SFRH/BDP/72400/2010. We thank Professor Lucas Stal for providing Cyanothece<br />
sp. CCY 0110. Sheffield acknowledges the EPSRC (EP/E036252/1).<br />
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