Foundations of Faith

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FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH IN JESUS M. M. NINAN millennium BC. In the first centuries BC and AD, papyrus scrolls gained a rival as a writing surface in the form of parchment, which was prepared from animal skins Papyrus Plant Isaiah scroll of the Dead Sea Scrolls is over 30 feet long. Parchment is a thin material made from calfskin, sheepskin or goatskin, often split. Parchment was developed in Pergamon, from which name it is believed the word "parchment" evolved. "Parchment is prepared from pelt, i.e., wet, unhaired, and limed skin, simply by drying at ordinary temperatures under tension, most commonly on a wooden frame known as a stretching frame". It's most common use was as a material for writing on, for documents, notes, or the pages of a book, codex or manuscript. It is distinct from leather in that parchment is limed but not tanned; therefore, it is very reactive to changes in relative humidity and is not waterproof. Finer-quality parchment is called vellum. Since all the Gospels are first-century documents, it is most likely that they were all written on scrolls. In 2 Timothy 4.13 Paul asks Timothy to “bring the scrolls, especially the parchments.” The word for scrolls is biblia from which we derive our word Bible. 18
FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH IN JESUS M. M. NINAN Sheets of parchment were folded to form quires from which book-form codices were fashioned. Early Christian writers soon adopted the codex form, and in the Græco-Roman world it became common to cut sheets from papyrus rolls to form codices. Codices were an improvement on the papyrus scroll as the papyrus was not pliable enough to fold without cracking. We do not know exactly when Christians began using the codex-form, but it was most likely close to the beginning of the second century. For the first five centuries AD, eighty percent of all Christian books were on a codex while only twenty percent of all non-Christian books were written on a codex. The codex was a Roman invention, where the tablets from wood were used to form a book of thin wooden flats coated with wax and tied together at one end with a cord. Still, codices were used sparingly for the reproduction of literary material until they were adopted as the standard book-form for the sacred writings of Christianity using papyrus as material for pages. Ancient Egyptians developed a pen made form reeds for writing on papyrus scrolls. Reed pens remained popular right up to the middle ages. The Private Life of the Romans by Harold Whetstone Johnston, Revised by Mary Johnston Scott, Foresman and Company (1903, 1932) The Scribe 19
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Titus was sent to subjugate Judaea
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the Pharisees during the (first) tw
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Prof. Madathilparampil Mammen Ninan
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The Development Of Mariolatory Theo
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Foundations of Faith

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