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Switzerland<br />

497<br />

The constitution also confers<br />

sovereignty - that is, supreme<br />

political power - on the<br />

population, which elects<br />

a parliament. The Swiss<br />

parliament, in turn, elects the<br />

members of the government,<br />

called a Federal Council. The<br />

country also has a legislative<br />

body, the Federal Assembly,<br />

which is composed of two equal<br />

The economy is<br />

classified as one of<br />

the most capitalist<br />

in the world<br />

chambers. The Council of States,<br />

with 46 members representing<br />

the cantons, and the National<br />

Council, with 200 members<br />

allocated according to the strength<br />

of the party.<br />

There are currently four main<br />

political parties: the Swiss People’s<br />

Party, the Radicals, the Social<br />

Democrats and the Christian<br />

Democrats.<br />

For much of the twentieth<br />

century Switzerland has been the<br />

wealthiest country in Europe.<br />

Swiss residents enjoy low tax<br />

rates, in comparison to the<br />

rest of Europe, with similarly<br />

high standards of living. Yet,<br />

unlike many European states,<br />

residents are required to have<br />

insurance against unemployment,<br />

occupational accidents and<br />

occupational illness.<br />

A 2005 survey by the Swiss<br />

Federal Statistical Office<br />

found that the average<br />

Swiss spent just over a<br />

third of their household<br />

budget on taxes and<br />

insurance. Nevertheless, the<br />

strong economic performance of<br />

Switzerland could make <strong>studying</strong><br />

there rewarding experience. The<br />

country’s economy is classified as<br />

one of the most capitalist in the<br />

world and it boasts high levels of<br />

stability and modernization.<br />

The main industries are:<br />

• Pharmaceuticals<br />

• Banking and Insurance<br />

• Watch production<br />

•Tourism<br />

• Mechanical and Electrical<br />

Engineering<br />

The country has high levels of<br />

freedoms in all areas of life, and in<br />

1981 an equality law was passed<br />

to ensure equal rights between<br />

men and women. The country is<br />

a collage of various languages,<br />

religious leanings and ethnic<br />

differences. This adds to the rich<br />

cultural tapestry that makes the<br />

country unique.<br />

Switzerland’s currency is the Swiss<br />

franc (CHF). The Euro is also<br />

becoming increasingly accepted.<br />

However, transactions are mostly<br />

done in Swiss francs.<br />

more info:<br />

www.swissworld.org<br />

Swiss<br />

franc<br />

(CHF)

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