10.01.2017 Views

Polar Bear

PBRT_Recovery_%20Plan_Book_FINAL_signed

PBRT_Recovery_%20Plan_Book_FINAL_signed

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

V. Literature Cited<br />

Runge, M.C., J.R. Sauer, M.L. Avery, B.F. Blackwell,<br />

and M.D. Koneff. 2009. Assessing allowable take of<br />

migratory birds. Journal of Wildlife Management<br />

73:556–565.<br />

Sanford, T., P.C. Frumhoff, A. Luers, and J.<br />

Gulledge. 2014. The climate policy narrative for<br />

a dangerously warming world. Nature Climate<br />

Change 4:164–166.<br />

Schliebe, S., K.D. Rode, J.S. Gleason, J. Wilder, K.<br />

Proffitt, T.J. Evans, and S. Miller. 2008. Effects of<br />

sea ice extent and food availability on spatial and<br />

temporal distribution of polar bears during the fall<br />

open-water period in the Southern Beaufort Sea.<br />

<strong>Polar</strong> Biology 31:999–1010.<br />

Schofield, O., H.W. Ducklow, D.G. Martinson, M.P.<br />

Meredith, M.A. Moline, W.R. Fraser. 2010. How do<br />

polar marine ecosystems respond to rapid climate<br />

change? Science 328:1520–1523.<br />

Seney, E.E., M.J. Rowland, R.A. Lowery, R.B.<br />

Griffis, M.M. McClure. 2013. Climate change,<br />

marine environments, and the U.S. Endangered<br />

Species Act. Conservation Biology 27:1138–1146.<br />

Shadbolt, T., G. York, and E.W.T. Cooper. 2012. Icon<br />

on Ice: International Trade and Management of<br />

<strong>Polar</strong> <strong>Bear</strong>s. TRAFFIC North American and WWF-<br />

Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.<br />

Smith, L.C., and S.R. Stephenson. 2013. New Trans-<br />

Arctic shipping routes navigable by midcentury.<br />

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<br />

110:4871–4872.<br />

Smith, P., S.J. Davis, F. Creutzig, et al. 2016.<br />

Biophysical and economic limits to negative CO 2<br />

emissions. Nature Climate Change 6:42–50.<br />

Spalding, M.D., H.E. Fox, G.R. Allen, N. Davidson,<br />

Z.A. Ferdaña, M. Finlayson, B.S. Halpern, M.A.<br />

Jorge, A. Lombana, S.A. Lourie, K.D. Martin,<br />

E. McManus, J. Molnar, C.A. Recchia, and J.<br />

Robertson. 2007. Marine ecoregions of the world:<br />

a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf Areas.<br />

Bioscience 57:573–583.<br />

St. Aubin, D.J. 1990. Physiologic and toxic effects on<br />

polar bears. Pages 235–240 in J.R. Geraci and D.J.<br />

St. Aubin, editors. Sea Mammals and Oil: Confronting<br />

the. Academic Press, San Diego, California,<br />

USA.<br />

Stirling, I. 1990. <strong>Polar</strong> bears and oil: ecological<br />

perspectives. Pages 223–234 in J.R. Geraci and D.J.<br />

St. Aubin, editors. Sea mammals and oil: confronting<br />

the risks. Academic Press, San Diego, California,<br />

USA.<br />

Stroeve, J. C., M. C. Serreze, M. M. Holland, J.<br />

E. Kay, J. Maslanik, and A. P. Barrett. 2012. The<br />

Arctic’s rapidly shrinking sea ice cover: a research<br />

synthesis. Climatic Change 110:1005–1027.<br />

Taylor, M.K., J. Laake, P.D. McLoughlin, H.D. Cluff,<br />

and F. Messier. 2009. Demography and population<br />

viability of polar bears in the Gulf of Boothia,<br />

Nunavut. Marine Mammal Science 25:778–796.<br />

Thiemann, G.W., A.E. Derocher, and I. Stirling.<br />

2008. <strong>Polar</strong> bear Ursus maritimus conservation in<br />

Canada: an ecological basis for identifying designatable<br />

units. Oryx 42:504–515.<br />

Tollefson, J. 2015. Is the 2 °C world a fantasy?<br />

Nature 527:436–438.<br />

Tremblay, J.-É., L.G. Anderson, P. Matrai, P.<br />

Coupal, S. Bélanger, C. Michel, M. Reigstad. 2015.<br />

Global and regional drivers of nutrient supply,<br />

primary production and CO 2 drawdown in the<br />

changing Arctic Ocean. Progress in Oceanography<br />

139:171–196.<br />

United Nations. 2015. Adoption of the Paris Agreement,<br />

draft. Framework Convention on Climate<br />

Change, FCCC/CP/2015/L.9. https://unfccc.int/<br />

resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09.pdf<br />

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]. 1994.<br />

Conservation plan for the sea otter in Alaska.<br />

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals<br />

Management, Anchorage, Alaska, USA.<br />

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]. 1995.<br />

Louisiana black bear recovery plan. U.S. Fish and<br />

Wildlife, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.<br />

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]. 2002.<br />

Steller’s eider recovery plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife,<br />

Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.<br />

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]. 2013.<br />

Southwest Alaska Distinct Population Segment of<br />

the northern sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni)—<br />

Recovery Plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,<br />

Region 7, Anchorage, Alaska, USA.<br />

Vongraven, D., J. Aars, S. Amstrup, S.N. Atkinson,<br />

S. Belikov, E.W. Born, T.D. DeBruyn, et al. 2012. A<br />

circumpolar monitoring framework for polar bears.<br />

Ursus 23(sp2):1-66.<br />

Voorhees, H., R. Sparks, H.P. Huntington, and K.D.<br />

Rode. 2014. Traditional knowledge about polar bears<br />

(Ursus maritimus) in northwestern Alaska. Arctic<br />

67:523–536.<br />

56 <strong>Polar</strong> <strong>Bear</strong> Conservation Management Plan

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!