Qrtr 4 final

14 What kind of change will shift the reaction above to the right to form more products?
A a decrease in total pressure
B an increase in the concentration of HCl
C an increase in the pressure of NH​ 3
D a decrease in temperature
The gas on the reactant side will expand under the heat. Gas also expands under low
pressure. In order for more product to be produced, an external force like a decrease in pressure
must be produced. When the external force interacts or stimulates the reactant, it will result in more
product. So in order to form more product, other than the heat, lower pressure would help.
15 In a sealed bottle that is half full of water, equilibrium will be attained when water molecules
A cease to evaporate.
B begin to condense.
C are equal in number for both the liquid and the gas phase.
D evaporate and condense at equal rates.
The term equilibrium denotes that in a closed system, the rate of conversion and
decomposition of a reaction is at the same rate. It is a dynamic system because both sides of the
reaction are constantly moving, converting, adjusting, etc… To begin with, water exists in many states
but for the purposes of this situation, i’ll discuss the liquid and vapor state.
When water is introduced to energy, usually by heat or light energy, it will condensate. In a closed
system, the condensation will collect at the top of its container as a gas.
As the vapor at the top of the container is cooled, it will revert (or decompose) back into a liquid state
where it will collect as droplets as the top, and slowly make its way back down to the liquid water. A
state of equilibrium for water in a closed system would be where water is evaporating and becoming
vapor and vapor is condensing back into liquid water at roughly the same rate.
This would be equilibrium because it would be a dynamic system where the same amount of water is
becoming vapor as vapor is turning back into water. It will be equal and constantly changing but an
equal state at the same time.