Qrtr 4 final

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The Learning Goal for this assignment is: Notes Section http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/basics_interactive.html 30
Atoms Are Building Blocks Atoms are the basis of chemistry. They are the basis for everything in the Universe. You should start by remembering that matter is composed of atoms. Atoms and the study of atoms are a world unto themselves. We're going to cover basics like atomic structure and bonding between atoms. Smaller Than Atoms? Are there pieces of matter that are smaller than atoms? Sure there are. You'll soon be learning that atoms are composed of pieces like electrons, protons, and neutrons. But guess what? There are even smaller particles moving around in atoms. These super-small particles can be found inside the protons and neutrons. Scientists have many names for those pieces, but you may have heard of nucleons and quarks. Nuclear chemists and physicists work together at particle accelerators to discover the presence of these tiny, tiny, tiny pieces of matter. Even though super-tiny atomic particles exist, you only need to remember the three basic parts of an atom: electrons, protons, and neutrons. What are electrons, protons, and neutrons? A picture works best to show off the idea. You have a basic atom. There are three types of pieces in that atom: electrons, protons, and neutrons. That's all you have to remember. Three things! As you know, there are almost 120 known elements in the periodic table. Chemists and physicists haven't stopped there. They are trying to make new ones in labs every day. The thing that makes each of those elements different is the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons. The protons and neutrons are always in the center of the atom. Scientists call the center region of the atom the nucleus. The nucleus in a cell is a thing. The nucleus in an atom is a place where you find protons and neutrons. The electrons are always found whizzing around the center in areas called shells or orbitals. You can also see that each piece has either a "+", "-", or a "0." That symbol refers to the charge of the particle. Have you ever heard about getting a shock from a socket, static electricity, or lightning? Those are all different types of electric charges. Those charges are also found in tiny particles of matter. The electron always has a "-", or negative, charge. The proton always has a "+", or positive, charge. If the charge of an entire atom is "0", or neutral, there are equal numbers of positive and negative pieces. Neutral means there are equal numbers of electrons and protons. The third particle is the neutron. It has a neutral charge, also known as a charge of zero. All atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons so that they are neutral. If there are more positive protons or negative electrons in an atom, you have a special atom called an ion. 31
Page 1 and 2: Alexandra’s Chemistry Notebook
Page 3 and 4: Unit 1 Measurement Lab Separation o
Page 5 and 6: Unit 5 (28 days) Chapter 10 Chemica
Page 7 and 8: 30. Always lubricate glassware (tub
Page 9 and 10: 7
Page 11 and 12: 9 Print vs. print Online vs. online
Page 13 and 14: 11 To use the Stair-Step method, fi
Page 15 and 16: Using SI Units Match the terms in C
Page 17 and 18: Standards of Measurement Fill in th
Page 19 and 20: 17 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION RULES How to
Page 21 and 22: 19 Convert each number from Scienti
Page 23 and 24: 21 Significant Figures Rules There
Page 25 and 26: 23 How Many Significant Digits for
Page 27 and 28: The following rule applies for mult
Page 29 and 30: 1qt=32 oz 1gal = 4qts 1.00 qt = 946
Page 31: Chapter 5 Electrons in Atoms The st
Page 35 and 36: Electrovalence Don't get worried ab
Page 37 and 38: Summary 35
Page 39 and 40: Electron Configuration Color the su
Page 41 and 42: Electron Configuration In order to
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Page 45 and 46: Research the Scientist and summariz
Page 47 and 48: Using Wikipedia, define the 8 categ
Page 49 and 50: Ionization Energy Define Ionization
Page 51 and 52: Ion Size Define Ion Size: The trans
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 7 Ionic and Metallic Bondin
Page 55 and 56: 10. Name __________________________
Page 57 and 58: The Nucleus A typical model of the
Page 59 and 60: Gamma Radiation After a decay react
Page 61 and 62: This analysis shows that sodium has
Page 63 and 64: Metals, with only a few electrons i
Page 65 and 66: POLAR BONDING results when two diff
Page 67 and 68: Step 6 Put the atoms in the structu
Page 69 and 70: Trigonal Planar Molecular Geometry
Page 71 and 72: Tetrahedral Orbital Equation Lone P
Page 73 and 74: Orbital Equation Lone Pairs Angle S
Page 75 and 76: T Shaped Orbital Equation Lone Pair
Page 77 and 78: Square Planar Orbital Equation Lone
Page 79 and 80: Name Formula Charge Dichromate Cr
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 23 Functional Groups The st
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Chapter 12 Stoichiometry The studen
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www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTRm8PwcZ3U
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4) Double displacement: This is whe
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Determine the Type of Reaction for
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Step 3 Always leave hydrogen and ox
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1) ___ 2 NaNO3 + ___ PbO ___ Pb(NO
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1) 2 NaNO3 + PbO Pb(NO3)2 + Na2O 2
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we can determine that 2 moles of HC
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When there is no limiting reagent b
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Example 7 How much 5M stock solutio
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Theoretical and Actual Yields Key T
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Review Purposes To get an over
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For these problems, you start of li
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Chapter 14 The Behavior of Gases Th
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etween liquid particles allows liqu
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Name: Alexandra M Name: Alexa B Gra
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2 * 3 = 3 * 2 solve for this side P
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8 = 4 8 4 Must be constant volume!
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Combined Gas Law- The combined g
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The Learning Goal for this assignme
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Unit 7 Chapter 16 Solutions The stu
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Part 5: Molarity Molarity (M) is th
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The Time-Temperature Graph We are g
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Step Two: solid ice melts Now, we c
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Step Four: liquid water boils Now,
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The following table summarizes the
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The Learning Goal for this section
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C 6 H 6 + Br 2
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11 In which of the following reacti
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The Learning Goal for this section
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This would be a generic base: XOH -
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HCl + H2O ⇌ H3O + + Cl¯ HCl - th
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Several categories of substances ca
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1. 2.82 2. 8.30 3. 0.00 4. 3.485 5.
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2. What is the oxidation number of
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One point of concern: notice that e
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Reference Tables for Physical Setti
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150. 140. Table G Solubility Curves
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Table I Heats of Reaction at 101.3
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Table O Symbols Used in Nuclear Che
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0 6.941 +1 Li 3 2-1 Na 39.0983 K +1
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First Atomic Symbol Name Ionization
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Collier County CHEMISTRY EXAM FORMU
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CHEMISTRY EXAM FORMULA AND RESOURCE
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