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incidence as well as age specific incidence for those children. Following analysis was conducted on 114 boys who had a diagnosis of autism between the ages of 2-5. They found that the estimated yearly incidence of those under the age of 12 increased sevenfold from 0.3 per 10,000 people in 1988 to 2.1 per 10,000 people in 1999. The peak ages where autism was first diagnosed was 3 and 4 years. The median of the dataset was 4.6 years. It was known that autism rates in the United Kingdom increased, and this study shows that increase was nearly “fourfold among boys aged 2 to 5 years born in 1988-93.” The data supported the fact that there is no causal association between MMR vaccination and the risk of autism. In comparison with A Population-Based Study of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination and Autism, I found that both were a population study, and the latter was of children born in 1991- 1999. While the MMR vaccine was introduced to the United Kingdom in 1988, the vaccine was first introduced in 1987. They both consulted research databases with information on autism, ran a structured study, and came to the same conclusion that there is no causal relation between MMR vaccination and autism. The second was on a much larger scale, with a total of 537,303 children in the cohort and 2,129,864 in follow-up This source is objective because it is a study conducted from a relatively large sample size and is from a reputable site. This source is useful as it is a time trend analysis that supports my claim. It will be used to support the claim as well as provide information in the form of graphs for my <strong>JEP</strong> remix of a magazine. It has not changed my view on my topic, instead it enhanced and supported what I know. The fact that they conducted more research on a specific age group of children that were determined to be at higher risk, with the same conclusion that I have, will be used to refute those who say that the vaccine is more likely to cause autism in the first 5 years. Maglione, Margaret A., et al. “Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization of US Children: A Systematic Review.” AAP News and Journals Gateway, June 2014. In this source titled “Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization of US Children: A Systematic Review” conducted by Margaret Maglione and nine other individuals, addressed concerns about vaccine safety that have lead to the the decline of vaccinations in children and the increase of diseases. The systematic review that they conducted consulted sources that “included PubMed, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices statements, package inserts, existing reviews, manufacturer information packets, and the 2011 Institute of Medicine consensus report 42 TIME May 31, 2017
on vaccine safety.” The studies that they chose to use had to have a controlled mechanism and active surveillance, and all were within the United States. The results of the study were “there is strong evidence that MMR vaccine is not associated with autism.” The official conclusion from the study is that “we found evidence that some vaccines are associated with serious adverse events; however, these events are extremely rare and must be weighed against the protective benefits that vaccines provide.” The ‘some vaccines’ mentioned in the results is in reference to the moderate evidence they found about rotavirus vaccines being linked with intussusception, not MMR with autism. In comparison with Thimerosal in Vaccines I found that both talk about the safety of vaccines. The FDA conducted a “comprehensive review of the use of thimerosal in childhood vaccines” and found “no evidence of harm from the use of thimerosal as a vaccine preservative, other than local hypersensitivity reactions.” They both mention the decrease in vaccinations due to concerns of their safety, and they determined that they were safe through a study of its effects on the youth. The vaccine safety source provides more background information about thimerosal in vaccines, how it is used as a preservative, the toxicity, as well as the actions that the FDA has taken. Whereas, my other source conducts a systematic review of vaccine work in the United States, including sources from Pubmed and the Institute of Medicine. The results are also similar to each other as well as to the results in most of my other sources. This source will be used in my writing to support my claim, and is useful as it is a systematic review of many studies on the matter, with selection guidelines so that it is controlled review. It will be used in my writing to address concerns people have or have had about vaccine safety. The research was conducted from that of reputable organizations, which helps me support the claim further. This source brought to my attention the moderate evidence of rotavirus vaccines association with intussusception, which is a treatable medical emergency. Mulvihill, Shannon. “Autism and the Vaccine Debate.” Focus for Health. Accessed 14 Mar. 2017. In this source published on Focus for Debate, their argument is that vaccines do cause autism. It recognizes CDC’s official statement in the writing and then goes on to say that the United States Vaccine Injury Compensation Program “has awarded <strong>fin</strong>ancial compensation to parents of autistic children because vaccines could not be ruled out as the cause of neurological damage.” An- May 31, 2017 TIME 43
Page 2 and 3: Table of Contents Letter From The E
Page 4 and 5: Autism Speaks: A Look Inside Writte
Page 6 and 7: DO YOU KNOW THE CONSEQUENCES OF NOT
Page 8 and 9: Andrew Wakefield: Fraud Written By:
Page 10 and 11: The Spread of Preventable Disea 10
Page 13 and 14: Fig 15:Handley, Jr. J.B. “’Vacc
Page 15 and 16: administering dead versions of the
Page 17 and 18: ia daily, and the results are just
Page 19: Fig 23: Plait, Phil. “Antivaxxers
Page 22 and 23: Written By: Jonathan Woods •Q: It
Page 24 and 25: Autism: The Debate Continues Writte
Page 26 and 27: Thimerosal: A Safe Preservative Ava
Page 28 and 29: A Brief History Of Vaccinations Pri
Page 30 and 31: Vaccinated Vs. Unvaccinated: A Larg
Page 32 and 33: Q: What are some other materials th
Page 35 and 36: Fig 33:“Vaccines Are Like Hugs.
Page 37 and 38: Batts, Vicki. “Vaccines Can Cause
Page 39 and 40: news article by Terence Kealey from
Page 41: cannot be expected to lead to a red
Page 45 and 46: ples to try and counter the CDC’s
Page 47 and 48: facts about autism, screening and d
Page 49 and 50: not. In comparison with A Populatio
Page 51 and 52: tive psychosis in one child, and po
Page 53 and 54: May 31, 2017 TIME
Page 55 and 56: May 31, 2017 TIME

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