Media Reporting and Reference Guide on LGBT Issues

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1. Basic LGBT Terminology The LGBT acronym • Lesbian: a woman who is sexually <strong>and</strong>/or emotionally attracted to women (ILGA Europe 2015). • Gay: a man who is sexually <strong>and</strong>/or emotionally attracted to men. Gay is sometimes also used as a blanket term to cover lesbian women <strong>and</strong> bisexual people as well as gay men. However, this usage has been disputed by a large part of the LGBTI community <strong>and</strong> gay is therefore only used here when referring to men who are emotionally <strong>and</strong>/or sexually attracted to men (ILGA Europe 2015). • Bisexual: when a person is emotionally <strong>and</strong>/or sexually attracted to persons of more than one gender (ILGA Europe 2015). • Trans: is an umbrella term, which includes those people who have a gender identity, which is different to the gender assigned at birth. It includes multiple gender identities, such as trans man, trans woman, non-binary, agender, genderqueer, genderfluid, etc. (TGEU 2016 July 4). “+” from LGBT+ acronym may include (but not limited to): • Asexual: An asexual person is someone who experiences no or very little sexual attraction. Asexuality is an intrinsic part of who these people are. Each asexual person experiences things like relationships, attraction, <strong>and</strong> arousal somewhat differently. Asexuality is a spectrum of identities that refers to people who experience little or no sexual attraction. Main examples of identities that fall under the asexual spectrum are: Asexual, Graysexual (people who experience sexual attraction but to a much lesser degree than non-asexual people) <strong>and</strong> Demisexual (people who experience sexual attraction only after creating a strong bond with another person) (based on the definition of AVEN N.d.a). • Gender Non-Conforming: The term describes people whose gender identity, gender roles <strong>and</strong>/or gender expression differ from those expected, based on the gender that was assigned to them at birth. The terms «gender non-conforming» <strong>and</strong> «gender conforming» are also used to describe different behaviors <strong>and</strong>/or gender expressions in a non-gendered way, avoiding terms such as “masculine” or “feminine” (based on the definition of APA 2015). 14
• Intersex: Intersex persons are born with sex characteristics (such as chromosomes, genitals, <strong>and</strong>/or hormonal structure) that do not belong strictly to male or female categories, or that belong to both at the same time. Doctors often advise parents to perform surgical <strong>and</strong> other medical interventions on intersex newborns <strong>and</strong> children, to make their body (seemingly) conform to male or female characteristics. In most cases, such interventions are not medically necessary <strong>and</strong> can have extremely negative consequences on intersex children as they grow older. ‘Intersex’ st<strong>and</strong>s for the spectrum of variations of sex characteristics that naturally occur within the human species. It also st<strong>and</strong>s for the acceptance of the physical fact that sex is a spectrum <strong>and</strong> that people with variations of sex characteristics other than male or female do exist (Ghattas 2015). • Pansexual / Omnisexual: These terms are used to describe people who have romantic, sexual or affectional desire for people of all gender identities (LGBTQIA Resource Center - University of California/Davis campus N.d.a.). • Queer: Has become an academic term that is inclusive of people who are not heterosexual <strong>and</strong>/or cisgender - includes lesbians, gay men, bisexuals <strong>and</strong> trans people. Queer theory is challenging heteronormative social norms concerning gender <strong>and</strong> sexuality, <strong>and</strong> claims that gender roles are social constructions. Traditionally the term “queer” was an abusive term <strong>and</strong> therefore for some still has negative connotations. Many LGBT+ persons however have reclaimed the term as a symbol of pride (ILGA Europe 2015). • Questioning: It is the process of exploring one’s own gender identity, gender expression, <strong>and</strong>/or sexual orientation. Some people may also use this term to name their identity within the LGBT community (LGBTQIA Resource Center - University of California/Davis campus N.d.a). 15
Page 1: www.ethos-project.eu Media<
Page 5: Editor: Thanasis Theofilopoulos Int
Page 9 and 10: Acknowledgements This publication w
Page 11 and 12: can instead play a vital role in co
Page 13: Basic concepts and
Page 17 and 18: Gender: It refers, traditionally, t
Page 19 and 20: Are there differences and</
Page 21 and 22: 2. Anti-LGBT hate crime, hate speec
Page 23 and 24: 2.2. What is hate speech? There is
Page 25 and 26: ILGA’s Rainbow Europe Map 2019 (I
Page 27 and 28: TRANS RIGHTS EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA
Page 29 and 30: Discrimination on the grounds of ge
Page 31 and 32: Marriage equality: where national m
Page 33 and 34: Sexual and or Gay/
Page 35 and 36: “shemale”, “tranny” “so
Page 37 and 38: But stereotypes are more often nega
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Page 41 and 42: “HIV is a disease related [only]
Page 43 and 44: “LGBT people’s children will de
Page 45 and 46: Shortly after the Stonewall uprisin
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Page 49 and 50: • AVEN - Asexual Visibility <stro
Page 51 and 52: • IDAHOTB - International Day aga
Page 53 and 54: • TGEU - Transgender Europe. 2019
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Page 57 and 58: other gender identity, and<
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7. Contact information. LGBT <stron
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• Victims and Wi
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• “Ombudswoman for Gender Equal
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Foster care (Law No. 4538/2018): pa
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2. LGBT people and
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3. National legal framework on hate
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• In 2010, NCRTV fined TV-station
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monitoring of the implementation of
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with the support of ESIEA, ESHEM-Th
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7. Contact information. LGBT <stron
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• Patras Pride (Patra) E-mail: pr
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References • 115
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• ESHEM-Th - Journalists’ Union
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• Law No. 4356/2015. Retrieved fr
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• Sto Kokkino 2018 October 18.
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the legal reading of the judgment i
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In May 2013, the National LGBT righ
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Office of the Inspector of Journali
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State institutions • To ensure th
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References • Nat
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ANNEXES ANNEX 1 European legal fram
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ANNEX 2 Relevant recommendations of
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This requirement is particularly im
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1. Training Initial training School
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6. Advertising Although the multi-e
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I. Media a
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135. The elaboration in recommendat
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undertaking of monitoring or the op
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The E.T.Ho.S. Project Team (in alph
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as Local Coordinator and</s
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Media Reporting and Reference Guide on LGBT Issues

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