Virginia Nurses Today - May 2021

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Page 18 | May, June, July 2021 Virginia Nurses Today | www.VirginiaNurses.com The Biopsychosocial Model of Addiction and Substance Use Disorder Diana Gilmore BSN, RN, DNP FNP Student Idaho State University Reprinted with permission RN Idaho, February 2021 In 2017, 19.7 million Americans ages 12 and older had substance use disorder. Approximately 74% battled alcohol use, 38% illicit drug use, and 12.5% fought both. The price tag is high, with $740 billion per year from the loss of productivity, healthcare expenses, and crime-related costs (American Addiction Centers, 2020). In Idaho, from 2017 to 2018, adults’ illicit drug use increased from 9.02% to 9.44%, and alcohol use decreased from 51.3% to 50.2%. However, the use of heroin stayed the same at 0.32% and above the national average of 0.30% (Oregon-Idaho HIDTA, 2018). Understanding substance use disorder, its significance, and how the application of the biopsychosocial model of addiction as an intervention is important when evaluating treatment and prevention goals. Problem The use of illicit drugs and alcohol impacts many individuals. Those who start at younger ages often have poor health, low academic progress, negative relationships, and involvement with the justice system. Illicit drugs like heroin and cocaine are highly addictive and instigate dependence and overdose due to the drive for instant gratification. The incidence of illegal substance use increased in the United States (U.S.) after the placement of restrictions for opioid prescriptions, leading to increased overdoses and deaths. Key risk factors of dependence are found in the personality, environment, and behavior systems that serve as instigators to substance use (Vidourek et al., 2018). Significance The use of alcohol, nicotine, and illicit drugs cost the U.S. more than $740 billion a year. In 2016, drug overdoses killed over 63,000 Americans, while 88,000 died from alcohol use. Tobacco is linked to an estimated 480,000 deaths per year. Through the Health Resources and Services Administration, $94 million was awarded to health centers to increase treatment methods in overlooked areas. However, the government and taxpayers’ investment seem to be in vain as overdose deaths involving opioids have increased by 80% in recent years (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2018). The Biopsychosocial Model The Biopsychosocial Model of Addiction gives weight to biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding the development and progression of substance use problems and should be considered in prevention and treatment efforts. Research supports the role of biological factors such as genetic predisposition in the development of addictive behaviors. Simultaneously, psychological and cognitive factors such as outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, and readiness to change and social factors such as family, peer, and intimate partner influences on substance use are equally important in the prevention and treatment. Thus, incorporating family members into substance use prevention programs may be an effective strategy to build skills to reduce illicit substance use. Preventing and treating addictive behaviors includes observing the biological, psychological, and social factors that interact to produce and maintain addiction disorders. Successful treatment programs can benefit from taking a biopsychosocial view of the problem of addiction (Skewes & Gonzalez, 2013). Conclusion While there is no explanation of the contributors to the use of substances that progress into abuse and dependency, providers should tap into several disciplines to provide holistic care. The biopsychosocial model of addiction gathers biological, psychological, and social information to understand substance use, development, and progression. With this information, clinicians are better equipped to provide successful treatment and build effective multidisciplinary programs for overcoming substance dependence. References American Addiction Centers. (2020). Alcohol and drug abuse statistics. https://americanaddictioncenters.org/ rehab-guide/addiction-statistics National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2018). The science of drug use and addiction: The basics. https://www. drugabuse.gov/publications/media-guide/science-druguse-addiction-basics National Survey on Drug Use and Health. (2018). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2017 national survey on drug use and health. https://www.samhsa.gov/data/ sites/default/files/cbhsq-reports/NSDUHFFR2017/ NSDUHFFR2017.pdf Oregon-Idaho High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas. (2018). Comparative summary of 2017- 2018 national survey on drug use and health results for Idaho. https://static1.squarespace.com/ static/579bd717c534a564c72ea7bf/t/5ebab07bb2 761e6bdc57f922/1589293183892/ORID+HIDTA+- +Idaho+NSDUH+2017-2018+Summary.pdf Skewes, M. C. & Gonzalez, V. M. (2013). The biopsychosocial model of addiction. Principles of Addiction. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12- 398336-7.00006-1 Vidourek, R. A., King, K. A., Merianos, A. L., & Bartsch, L. A. (2018). Predictors of illicit drug use among a national sample of adolescents. Journal of Substance Use, 23(1), 1–6. https://doi-org.libpublic3.library.isu.edu/10.1080/1 4659891.2017.1316782 Sttttttttaaaaaaaatttttttteeeeeewwwwiiiiiddddeeeeee Hoooottttttttllllllliiiiinnnneeeeee CCaaaaaaaallllllllllllll::: 888888000000----888888333888888----8888882333888888 |||| Teeeeeextttttttt::: 8888880004----799999333----99999999999999999999 |||| CChhaaaaaaaatttttttt::: vvvvvaaaaaaaaddddaaaaaaaattttttttaaaaaaaa...oooorrgg/cccchhaaaaaaaatttttttt wwwwwwwwwwww...vvvvvssddddvvvvvaaaaaaaalllllllllllllliiiiiaaaaaaaannnncccceeeeee...oooorrgg |||| vvvvvssddddvvvvvaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa |||| VAAccccttttttttiiiiioooonnnnAAlllllllllllllliiiiiaaaaaaaannnncccceeeeee
www.VirginiaNurses.com | Virginia Nurses Today May, June, July 2021 | Page 19 Virginia Nurses Foundation prepares for launch of peer-topeer support program for nurses Governor Northam recently signed off on legislation ensuring that the Virginia Nurses Foundation, in collaboration with the Medical Society of Virginia and national HR firm, VITAL WorkLife, will be able to launch SafeHaven, a peer-to-peer health and wellness program for nurses. What’s special about this program, and why it required legislation, relates to measures ensuring confidentiality and liability protections for participants. Specifically, the legislation, originally spearheaded by MSV during the 2019 session of the General Assembly specific to creation of the SafeHaven program for physicians, now establishes legal protections in the Virginia Code for nurses to seek help for issues related to burnout, career fatigue, and mental health reasons without the fear of undue repercussions to their nursing license. Consultations under SafeHaven are considered privileged communications and do not pose a risk to the individual’s nursing license. Participants of SafeHaven are immune from reporting unless they are a danger to themselves or others. Look for more information in the August issue of VNT or email VNA CEO Janet Wall at jwall@ virginianurses.com. RNs/LPNs needed for leading coed camp in beautiful Pocono Mountains of Pennsylvania for children with mild developmental challenges. Campers 7-21. June 17-August 9, 2021. Excellent air-conditioned accommodations & salary plus room and board. Graduating nurses welcome. A Life-Changing Experience! CAMP LEE MAR www.leemar.com • 215-658-1708 • email: ari@leemar.com Mid June - Mid August Premier Summer Camp in PA is hiring RNs & LPNs Full & ½ season • Private Room • Travel & Licensure Reimbursement • Strict COVID Protocols in Place Kids Go Free! Competitive Salary Online application! www.poyntelle.com Call Corey Peters at 718-279-0690 with questions. Under investigation by the Virginia Board of Nursing? Eileen M. Talamante, Esq., R.N. Eileen is a nurse and an attorney, and is here to help you with licensing issues, investigations, and disciplinary matters before the Virginia Board of Nursing. 2020 Outstanding Advocate Award goodmanallen.com ETalamante@goodmanallen.com (804) 565-3526 DEDICATED TO SERVING THE LEGAL NEEDS OF VIRGINIA NURSES.
Page 1 and 2: The Official Publication of the Vir
Page 3 and 4: www.VirginiaNurses.com | Virginia N
Page 16 and 17: Page 16 | May, June, July 2021 Virg
Page 20: Are you ready to nurse greatly? APP

Virginia Nurses Today - May 2021

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?