Standard Arabic System for Transliteration of Geographical ... - adegn
Standard Arabic System for Transliteration of Geographical ... - adegn
Standard Arabic System for Transliteration of Geographical ... - adegn
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F f<br />
Q q<br />
K k<br />
L l<br />
M m<br />
N n<br />
H h<br />
ـﻓ<br />
ـﻗ<br />
ـآ<br />
ـﻟ<br />
ـﻣ<br />
ـﻧ<br />
ـه<br />
ـﻓ ـﻔـ<br />
ـﻗ<br />
ـﻘـ<br />
ـآ ـﻜـ<br />
ـﻟ ـﻠـ<br />
ـﻣ ـﻤـ<br />
ـﻧ ـﻨـ<br />
ـه ـﻬـ<br />
ف ﻒـ<br />
- 6 -<br />
ق ﻖـ<br />
ك ﻚـ<br />
ل ﻞـ<br />
م ﻢـ<br />
ن ﻦـ<br />
ﻩ ﺔـ ﻪـ<br />
F[ray[<br />
Qalam\n<br />
Karbal[’<br />
Lubn[n<br />
Mans\<br />
rah<br />
N[>imah<br />
Hil[liyyah<br />
ﺎﻳرﺎﻓ<br />
نﻮﻤﻠﻗ<br />
ءﻼﺑﺮآ<br />
نﺎﻨﺒﻟ<br />
ةرﻮﺼﻨﻣ<br />
ﺔﻤﻋﺎﻧ<br />
ﺔّﻴﻟﻼه<br />
Guttural<br />
Fourth: <strong>Arabic</strong> letters %[’, &[d, }[d, and #[’ ( ط ،ض ،ص ،ح)<br />
have no similar Latin<br />
phonetic letters. They are all transliterated as letters underlined with diacritical<br />
marks as follows:<br />
<strong>Transliteration</strong><br />
Letters<br />
% $<br />
& ^<br />
} ]<br />
# @<br />
<strong>Arabic</strong><br />
Letters<br />
ح<br />
ص<br />
ض<br />
ط<br />
Romanized<br />
Examples<br />
H\<br />
r[<br />
n وأ Hawr[<br />
n<br />
S\<br />
r<br />
Dab><br />
ah<br />
Tar[<br />
blus<br />
<strong>Arabic</strong><br />
نارﻮﺣ<br />
رﻮﺻ<br />
ﻪﻌﺒﺿ<br />
ﺲﻠﺑاﺮﻃ<br />
Notes<br />
H Guttural<br />
S Guttural<br />
D Guttural<br />
T Guttural<br />
Fifth: The <strong>Arabic</strong> letters Th[’, Kh[’, Dh[l, Sh;n, and Ghayn ( غ ،ش ،ذ ،خ ،ث)<br />
are<br />
transliterated as digraphs composed by two letters giving the suitable sounds:<br />
<strong>Transliteration</strong><br />
Letters<br />
TH th<br />
KH kh<br />
DH dh<br />
SH sh<br />
GH gh<br />
<strong>Arabic</strong><br />
Letters<br />
ث<br />
خ<br />
ذ<br />
ش<br />
غ<br />
Examples<br />
Romanized<br />
Th[lith<br />
Khuraybah<br />
Dhahab<br />
Shaml[n<br />
Gh[d;r<br />
<strong>Arabic</strong><br />
ﺚﻟﺎﺛ<br />
ﻪﺒﻳﺮﺧ<br />
ﺐهذ<br />
نﻼﻤﺷ<br />
ﺮﻳدﺎﻏ<br />
Notes<br />
Pronounced TH as in<br />
third in English<br />
Pronounced as CH<br />
in Dutch<br />
Pronounced as THE<br />
in English<br />
Pronounced SH as in<br />
Sharp in English<br />
Pronounced as the<br />
Parisian R
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