THE COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL - Air Defense Artillery

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252 THE COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL River at the head of Galveston Bay. At this point, Colonel Blackburn, in 1831, had a fort erected to guard the land from surveyors and to protect the port from smugglers. This work was called Fort Anahuac. A little further down the coast, at the mouth of the Brazos River, there was built Fort Velasco. This work, circular in form, was made of logs and sand, with strong stakes sharpened and placed close together all around the embankment. In the center, considerably higher than the outer wall, stood a bastion on which was mounted a nine-pounder. Lieutenant Colonel Dominic Ugartacha, in command, was given a garrison of about one hundred and thirty men. In connection with the Texas struggle for independence, Captain John Austin of the Texas forces attacked Fort Velasco in June, 1832. With a detachment of one hundred and twelve men, and with the assistance of a schooner mounting one light gun, he managed to capture the fort. By 1836 the Texan forts were valueless. Speaking of Fort Anachuac, the diary of a traveler states that the fort was, in that year, "dilapidated." It was in this year that Texas succeeded in her struggle with Mexico, and became a separate country. Fo!, years the Texans had been too busily engaged along their southern border to be concerned with coast fortifications. Soon it became unnecessary for them to consider possible international complications, for, in 1845, Texas was annexed to the United States. By this act of annexation the United States completed their acquisition of territory along the Gulf Coast, the southern boundary being fixed on the Rio Grande River by the War with Mexico. Of all the forts built on the Gulf Coast, two alone were taken over by the United States in a more or less serviceable condition. Fort Barrancas at Pensacola and Fort St. Philip on the Mississippi had been built with some idea of permanency and conld be utilized. The provision of any additional defenses which might be necessary for the future protection of these southern provinces now became a duty of the United States, a responsibility which they readily accepted as accompanying the increase in the territory of the nation. From an original coast line extending from Georgia to Maine, the shores of the United States had vastly lengthened, and now included all the coast from the St. Croix River on the north to the Rio Grande on the south. The United States were beginning to achieve their destiny. REFERENCES AWJr1',Elroy M.. A HzsroRY OP THE UNITED STATES A...."l\fDITS PEOPLE. Volumes I and III. (Cleveland, 1905.07.) Claiborne, John F. H. ~IISSISSIPPI5 As A PROVI~CE, TERRITORY A~D STATE. (Jackson~ 1880.) Clark,.Robert C. THE BEGINNINGS OF TEXAS, 1684-1718. (Austin, 1907.) Cox, Isaac J. TEE WEST FLORIDA CONTROVERSY, 1798-1813. (Baltimore~ 1918.) De Morgnes, Jacques Ie li. N..1BRA.TIVEOF LE ~fOY~E .. SUR.."l\fAMED DE MORGUES. (Boston, 1875.) Department of State. A:N ACCOLNT OF LoCISIA~A .. (Philadelphia, 1803.) Dunn, V;illiam E. SpA.... ..... ISH A~D FRE:'iCH RIVALRY Ix THE Gl.'"I.F REGIOS OF THE TlXlTED STATES, 1678-1702. Au,tin, 1917.) Dn Pratz, Le Page. THE HISTORY OF LonsIA:iA. Volume I~ (London, 1763.) Fairbanks~ George R. HISTORY OF FLORIDA. (PhiIadelphia~ 1871.) French, B. F. HISTORICAL COLLECTIO:-iS OF LoLISIA~A. Part Fifth. eXew York~ 1853.) Hammond, John M. QL'"AI:iT A..."'iD HISTOBIC FORTS OF :\ORTII AMERICA. (Philadelphia, 1915~)
Hodder, Frank H. PITTMAN'S EUROPEAN SETl'LEMENTS 0:'": THE MISSISSIPPI. Johnson, Frank W. A HISTORY OF TEXAS A.ND TEXANS. Volumes I and II. Kennedy, Willia.m. TexAs. 2 Volumes. (London, 1841.) COLONIAL FORTS 253 (Cleveland, 1906.) (Chicago, 19~4.j Lossing, Benson J. A CENTENNIAL EDITlON OF THE HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. (Syracuse, 1875.) Lowry and McCardle. A HISTORY OF MISSISSIPPI. (Jackson, 1891.) Marboia, Barbe. THE HISTORYOF LoUISIA.NA.(Philadelphia, 1830.) Martin, Fran~oi8.Xavier. THE HISTORY OF LoUISIAN..l. (New Orleans, 1882.) Pick.ett, Albert J. HISTORY OF .A:r....mAMA. 2 Volumes. (Charleston, 1851.) Pittman, Philip. THE Pm~SENT STATE OF THE EUROPEAN SETTLEMENTSON THE MISSISSIPPI. Reprint of the London EdiIion of 1770, ed. by Frank H. Hodder. (Cleveland, 19%.) Reynolds, Francis J. THE NEW WORLD ATLAS .!.ND GAZET£KR •.~ (New York, 1921.) Ridpath, John C. H,STORYOF THE WORLD.Volume III. (New York, 1897.) Rowland, Dunbar. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MISSISSIPPl HISTORY. Volume I. (Madison, 1907.) Rowland, Dunbar. MISSISSIPPI PROVINCIAL ARCHIVES. Volume I. (NllshvilIe, 1911.) Shipp, Barnard. THE HISTORY OF HERN.ARDO DE SOTO AND FLORIDA. (Philadelphia, 1881.) Spears, John Ro, and Clark, Alonzo H. A HISTORY OF THE. MISSISSIPPI V.A.U.'RY.(Now York, 1903.) SIork, William. A DESCRIPTION OF EASTFLORIDA..(London, 1769.) Wallace, Joseph. THX HISTORY OF ILLINOIS AND LOUISIANA UNDER THE FRENCH RULE. (Cincinnati, 1893.) Williams, John L. THE TERRITORYOF FLORIDA.. (Ne.w York, 1837.) Winsor, Justin. TEE MISSISSIPPI BASIN. (Boston, 1895.) Yoakum, Henderson K. HIS'l'ORY OF TEXA.S. 2 Volumes .. (Redfield, 1856.) r,!; ...........- _ ~ . Military training has an important value entirely apart ;: from its actual military value. This is conclusively proven in the numerous military schools of the United States. The I;: majority of these schools disclaim any aUempt to train soldiers, but include military training merely to make bet- : ;;:;.::~.' ter obedience, citizens. promptness, They find that cleanliness, the man trained orderliness, militarily coolness, learns and secures that priceless asset known as executive ability --the ability to make others obey.-Richard Stockton, Jr. ..- - - ..... -----~ ---.i!!I
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