The Geology of Burma - Zomi Online Library

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Bibliography of Burman Earth Science Relief efforts were slowed or non-existent as the Burmese military rulers initially refused aid from outside the country. By May 12-20, 2008, the US Department of Defense coordinated $1.2 million dollars of relief supplies on 36 USAF C-130 flights. The relief supplies would provide needed help to some 113,000 storm victims. Much more aid was needed. President George Bush also ordered the Essex group, composed of the USS Essex, the USS Juneau, the USS Harpers Ferry, and elements of the Third Marine September 2008 4
Bibliography of Burman Earth Science Expeditionary Force (III MEF), to stand by offshore with relief supplies, disaster engineering expertise and medical assistance. The Topographic Engineering Center (TEC) has scanned a number of geological and hydrological maps of Burma to assist the disaster planners on these ships and elsewhere. This data is used to select locations for supply dumps, emergency hospital locations, sanitation and clean water supplies. Other data on transportation and terrain helped with the airlifting of supplies, evacuating of the injured, and the prevention of bottlenecks in air, land and water traffic. The government of Burma refused permission for the US Navy and Marines to aid the survivors. The Essex group stood off the coast of Burma, waiting for permission to lend its support of supplies, helicopters and manpower, but it was never given. Although the humanitarian aid was refused, the TEC webpage has also helped civilian relief agencies in their efforts. The data is available around the world, and the US government, the United Nations and a number of non-governmental organizations have made use of this data in their humanitarian relief efforts. Copyrighted and sensitive materials have been placed behind the PKI site, and are available only to US government civilian and military personnel with CAC access. However, most of the information is from open sources, and thus is available to anyone. Special thanks are given to all those people outside of the Topographic Engineering Center who helped in this emergency project. They include the Reference Staff of the US Geological Survey Library who replied promptly to our requests and made their services so accessible (http://library.usgs.gov/); the public services staff of the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) who responded so quickly to our requests, and bent over backwards to make their information available online to the public (http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/index.html); the Reference Staff of the Geography and Map Division, The Library of Congress (http://www.loc.gov/rr/geogmap/) and to Mr. Willie Sayeed of RefWorks for the use of their services in putting together and updating the bibliography of citations from so many different electronic and manual resources so quickly (www.RefWorks.com). Introduction The Land: The country is known by several names: the conventional long form: “Union of Burma”; conventional short form: “Burma”; local long form: “Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw” (translated by the US Government as “Union of Myanma” and by the Burmese as “Union of Myanmar”); local short form: “Myanma Naingngandaw”; former: “Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma”. Note: since 1989 the military authorities in Burma have promoted the name Myanmar as a conventional name for their state; this decision was not approved by any sitting legislature in Burma, and the US Government did not adopt the name, which is a derivative of the Burmese short-form name Myanma Naingngandaw. The capital city is Rangoon (Yangon), with geographic coordinates: 16 48 N, 96 09 E. Strategically, Burma holds a strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes. September 2008 5
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