Consultancy for Conservation Study of Chik Kwai Study Hall at Pat ...

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Fig. 83. Side chambers with cocklofts found in the entrance hall of Sin Shut study hall 善述書室 in Lung Yeuk Tau (left) and Kun Ting study hall 覲廷書室 in Ping Shan (right). (LO Ka Yu Henry’s collection, 2005) ..................................................................................................................................... 99 Fig. 84. Finely carved granite door hinge found at the side door leading to the stable. .................................. 99 Fig. 85. The courtyard and the two side chambers. ....................................................................................... 100 Fig. 86. Granite slabs in the sunken courtyard. ............................................................................................. 100 Fig. 87. Covered corridor at the right side chamber (left), and the details of the moulding atop (right)....... 101 Fig. 88. The side chambers are covered by pitched roofs in 1963. (Courtesy of Survey and Mapping Office, Lands Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, ref. no. 8397, 1963 (partial)) ............................... 101 Fig. 89. Two storeys side chambers in Tai Fu Tai at San Tin (left), and Ching Shu Hin at Ping Shan (right). (LO Ka Yu Henry’s collection, 2005) .................................................................................................. 102 Fig. 90. The courtyard and side chambers of Yau Shin study hall 友善書室 in Ha Tsuen. (from The Government Information Services, Rural Architecture in Hong Kong, p. 81c.) .................................. 102 Fig. 91. Main hall of Chik Kwai study hall. .................................................................................................. 104 Fig. 92. The left structural frame supporting the roof of the main hall. ........................................................104 Fig. 93. The fang 枋 [lintel] spanning the structural frames at two sides.................................................... 105 Fig. 94. The altar located at the back of the main hall................................................................................... 105 Fig. 95. A small classroom formed by panelled doors located in the main hall of Kun Ting Study hall 覲廷書室. (LO Ka Yu Henry’s collection, 2005.) ....................................................................................... 106 Fig. 96. A concrete filled door opening found in the right gable wall at main hall. ...................................... 106 Fig. 97. The stable to the left of Chik Kwai Study Hall. ............................................................................... 107 Fig. 98. Aerial view of the stable................................................................................................................... 107 Fig. 99. Main ridge of the entrance hall. ....................................................................................................... 109 Fig. 100a-f. Details of the front side of the ridge at entrance hall. ................................................................ 110 Fig. 101. Rear side of the ridge at the entrance hall. ..................................................................................... 111 Fig. 102a-e. Details of the rear side of the ridge at entrance hall. ................................................................. 112 Fig. 103. Hanging ridge atop the right gable wall of entrance hall. .............................................................. 112 Fig. 104. Eave board at the right side bay of entrance hall............................................................................ 114 Fig. 105a-d. Details of the eave board located in the right side bay of entrance hall. ................................... 115 Fig. 106. Eave board at the left side bay of entrance hall.............................................................................. 117 Fig. 107a-d. Details of the eave board located in the left side bay of entrance hall. ..................................... 118 Fig. 108. Details of the eave board located in the middle bay of entrance hall, 1980s. (Courtesy of Antiquities and Monuments Office)........................................................................................................................ 119 Fig. 109a-c. Murals atop the main door at the entrance hall.......................................................................... 122 Fig. 110. Murals on the entrance wall in the right side bay of entrance hall. ............................................. 123 Fig. 111. Murals on the entrance wall in the left side bay of entrance hall. .................................................. 123 Fig. 112. Mural on the right gable wall in the entrance porch....................................................................... 124 Fig. 113. Mural on the left gable wall in the entrance porch......................................................................... 124 Fig. 114a-b. Plastered relieves found on the gable walls at the entrance hall................................................ 125 xi
Fig. 115a-b. Two decorative granite pieces, rishen 日神 [God of the Sun] and yueshen 月神 [God of the Moon], found on the granite eave columns. ..........................................................................................127 Fig. 116. Between the purlins are decorative daqian 劄牽 [one rafter beam] that are finely carved with motifs. ...................................................................................................................................................127 Fig. 117. tuofeng 駝峰 [supporting bracket] located on the left structural frame in the front eave of main hall, 2002. (from CAHU’s collection)...................................................................................................128 Fig. 118. The tuofeng 駝峰 [supporting bracket] located on the right structural frame in the front eave of main hall, 2002. (from CAHU’s collection)..........................................................................................129 Fig. 119a-c. The erfang 額枋 [stretched double queti] under the lower beam of the structural frame in the porch, 2002. (from CAHU’s collection)................................................................................................130 Fig. 120. The murals on the partition wall in the left side bay of the entrance hall. ......................................132 Fig. 121. The mural flanked with two pieces of Chinese calligraphy on the front eave wall in the left side bay of the entrance hall. ...............................................................................................................................133 Fig. 122. The mural on the gable wall in the left side bay of the entrance hall..............................................133 Fig. 123. The murals and pieces of Chinese calligraphy below the main ridge in the left side bay of the entrance hall. .........................................................................................................................................133 Fig. 124. The mural on the rear eave wall in the left side bay of the entrance hall........................................134 Fig. 125. Deteriorated murals and lines of calligraphy found at the friezes of the walls in the right side bay of entrance hall. .........................................................................................................................................135 Fig. 126. Eave board at the rear eave of the entrance hall..............................................................................137 Fig. 127a-e. Details of the eave board located at the rear eave of entrance hall. ...........................................138 Fig. 128a-b. Plaster relief found on the gable walls at the courtyard.............................................................139 Fig. 129. Main ridge of the main hall.............................................................................................................140 Fig. 130a-e. Details of the front side of the ridge at the main hall.................................................................141 Fig. 131. Hanging ridge atop the right gable wall of main hall......................................................................141 Fig. 132a-b. Plastered relieves found on the gable walls at the main hall......................................................142 Fig. 133. Eave board at the front eave of the main hall..................................................................................143 Fig. 134a-g. Details of the eave board located at the front eave of main hall. ...............................................144 Fig. 135. The fang 枋 [lintel] spanning the intermediate columns of the structural frames in the main hall. ...............................................................................................................................................................146 Fig. 136. The tuofeng 駝峰 atop the fang 枋 [lintel] in the main hall........................................................146 Fig. 137. tuofeng 駝峰 [supporting bracket] found in the front eave section of structural frame. ...............147 Fig. 138a-b. tuofeng 駝峰 [supporting bracket] located on the left structural frame in the front eave section of main hall. ..........................................................................................................................................148 Fig. 139a-b. tuofeng 駝峰 [supporting bracket] located on the right structural frame in the front eave section of main hall. ..........................................................................................................................................148 Fig. 140a-d. tuofeng 駝峰 [supporting bracket] located on the left structural frame in the middle section of main hall................................................................................................................................................150 Fig. 141a-d. tuofeng 駝峰 [supporting bracket] located on the right structural frame in the middle section of main hall................................................................................................................................................151 xii
Page 1 and 2: Consultancy for Conservation Study
Page 3 and 4: Research Team Team Members Position
Page 5 and 6: iv 5.1 Historic place..............
Page 8 and 9: LIST OF FIGURES Fig. 1. Front eleva
Page 10 and 11: Fig. 37. Map showing Chik Kwai Stud
Page 14 and 15: Fig. 142a-b. changgong 撐栱 [diag
Page 16: LIST OF TABLES Table 1. A list show
Page 19 and 20: 2 This report is to provide a conse
Page 21 and 22: clearly advantageous for villages s
Page 23 and 24: After the British takeover of the N
Page 25 and 26: Pat Heung 八鄉 8 Fig. 3. The Dist
Page 27 and 28: 10 In the Yudiiue 輿地略 [Chapte
Page 29 and 30: 12 Fig. 7. Enlargement of the Xin
Page 31 and 32: Pat Heung valleys are the richest r
Page 33 and 34: 16 Tai Kong Po 大江埔 Yeung 楊
Page 35 and 36: 18 Fig. 11. Cheung Ancestral Hall
Page 37 and 38: 20 Fig. 14. Map showing ancestral h
Page 43 and 44: organized Tat Tak Alliance 達德
Page 45 and 46: 28 According to the elders from Pat
Page 47 and 48: Guanyin 觀音, Tinhou 天后 and G
Page 49 and 50: 32 district. It has already had the
Page 51 and 52: During the Japanese occupation, the
Page 53 and 54: 36 Fig. 24. Genealogy of the Lais i
Page 55 and 56: According to the report wrote by La
Page 57 and 58: Sheung Tsuen Shui Lo (Fig. 29.). Ch
Page 59 and 60: 42 Fig. 29. Sheung Tsuen Shui Lo, 1
Page 61 and 62: 44 Fig. 32. Lai Uk Tsuen was named
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46 3 HISTORY 3.1 Founding of Chik K
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48 The exact year of its constructi
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50 Fig. 37. Map showing Chik Kwai S
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3.2.1 Study Hall In the Ming and Qi
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54 孺人之神主廿六世
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3.3.3 1970s - 1980s The setting of
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58 Fig. 41. Aerial photo of 1945. (
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60 Fig. 43. Aerial Photo of 1963. (
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62 Fig. 45. Aerial Photo of 1985. (
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The 27th year of Kangxi 康熙 28th
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66 1963 Pat Heung Old Temple 八鄉
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68 recipients of plants and seeds.
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長春園 Lik Wing Tong 力榮堂 Y
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Kang Yung Study Hall 鏡蓉書屋 (
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74 Fig. 49. Tai Kei Ka Shuk 大紀
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76 Fig. 53. Kang Yung Study Hall
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78 Successful candidates in xiang-s
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80 Fig. 58. Lesson in old-style pri
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82 The teachers’ incomes are quit
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84 Fig. 61. Sung Tsun School 崇真
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Population Boom The increase of pop
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4.1 Setting 88 4 BUILDING Chik Kwai
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90 Fig. 66. Chik Kwai study hall an
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occupying a footprint measuring 13.
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94 Fig. 75. The porch at the front
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96 The fourth and sixth purlins in
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98 Fig. 81. The finely craved rain
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From the aerial photograph of 1963,
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102 Fig. 89. Two storeys side chamb
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104 Fig. 91. Main hall of Chik Kwai
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4.3.2 Stable 106 Fig. 95. A small c
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4.4.1 Chik Kwai Study Hall Entrance
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110 Fig. 100a-f. Details of the fro
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112 Fig. 102a-e. Details of the rea
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peach that signifies longevity. At
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vase is a bat, symbol of fu 福 [go
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118 Fig. 107a-d. Details of the eav
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120 [Drinking in front of the flowe
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122 Fig. 109a-c. Murals atop the ma
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124 Fig. 112. Mural on the right ga
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126 The tuofeng 駝峰 atop the low
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128 Fig. 117. tuofeng 駝峰 [suppo
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Friezes of the walls 130 Fig. 119a-
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132 [A wandering exile, I came away
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134 Fig. 124. The mural on the rear
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Eave board at the rear eave Below t
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Courtyard 138 Fig. 127a-e. Details
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shoushi 壽石 [aged rock] that is
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Gable walls The gable walls of the
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Fang 枋 [lintel] 144 Fig. 134a-g.
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Structural frames 146 Fig. 135. The
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148 Fig. 138a-b. tuofeng 駝峰 [su
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150 Fig. 140a-d. tuofeng 駝峰 [su
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Decorative surround 152 Fig. 142a-b
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longevity] (Fig. 144). On the rear
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156 Fig. 144. The mural on the part
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Along the top part of the walls in
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160 Fig. 150. The mural on the part
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4.4.2 Stable There is no particular
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instance, wishes such as riches and
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09 upper floor in the side bays of
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168 Fig. 159. A line of granite fou
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170 Fig. 164. Traces of the seconda
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172 Fig. 167. Lattice window openin
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174 literary knowledge, emoluments,
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176 Fig. 175. Openings on the upper
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178 Fig. 178. Ladder leading to the
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180 Fig. 180. Ladder located in the
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182 Fig. 183. Sketch showing the re
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184 Fig. 185. Sketch showing the re
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Kwai Study Hall could be read as a
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Si Wang Study Hall 士宏書室 Kun
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6.1 The Inspection 190 6 CONDITION
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6.4.1.3 The Side Halls 192 Photo 1
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6.4.3 The Forecourt 194 Photo 6 Clo
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vegetation spreads along the roofs
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198 Photo 15 The side wall showing
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200 Photo 19 The timber beam to the
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202 Photo 23 The columns were in a
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Right-hand side hall The external w
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206 Photo 31 The rear wall of the M
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Left cockloft The 1/F cockloft was
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6.5.2.6 Wall paintings and the alta
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The original wide door openings had
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6.7 Work required to remove the int
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216 An example of propping of struc
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218 Other work may be carried out d
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220 The exposed hole may then be en
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3.0 Demolition of cocklofts slabs,
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3.0 Demolition down to 1/F slab and
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7.1 Conservation Philosophy 226 7 C
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228 � Re-construction of timber s
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230 … Competent direction of cons
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232 with dimensions, shape, design
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8.3 Restoration and conservation
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� Water with a natural P.H. deter
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(b) Take down all electrical light
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240 � the four richly decorated w
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8.4.6.3 Floor finishes - (a) Clean
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8.4.8.3 Wall mural on wall frieze o
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(c) Make good timber altar to match
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2.0 Demolition and Cart Away 2.1 Wo
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250 10.4 Make good partition in fro
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APPENDIX I 252 Fig. 187. First floo
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254 Fig. 191. Section A-A and B-B o
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APPENDIX III PRINCIPLES FOR THE PRE
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258 conservation may require the co
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APPENDIX IV ICOMOS PRINCIPLES FOR T
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plaster, etc. Prerequisites for any
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Competent direction of conservation
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Rob Crèvecoeur (The Netherlands) L
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Gui Wencan 桂文燦 et al., Guangd
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Land Registration in the New Territ
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