Consultancy for Conservation Study of Chik Kwai Study Hall at Pat ...

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LIST OF FIGURES Fig. 1. Front elevation of Chik Kwai Study Hall 植桂書室............................................................................. 1 Fig. 2. Map showing the location of Chik Kwai Study Hall 植桂書室. (from Survey and Mapping Office, Lands Department, series HM50CL, Sheet 1, 12 th Edition, 2005.) .......................................................... 2 Fig. 3. The District and Sub-District in the early period of Hong Kong. (Courtesy of the Survey and Mapping office, Lands Department, HK SAR Government, ref. no. HC, 1899. (partial)) ...................................... 8 Fig. 4. Map showing location of Sheung Tsuen, Pat Heung and the historic villages in Pat Heung. (from Survey and Mapping Office, Lands Department, series HM50CL, Sheet 1, 12 th Edition, 2005.) ............ 9 Fig. 5. Map of Sun On District in 1866. 1868, drawn from actual observations made by an Italian missionary of the propaganda. (From Empson, Hal, Mapping Hong Kong: a Historical Atlas, Hong Kong, Government Information Services, 1992, p. 114.).................................................................................. 11 Fig. 6. Tourist guide map, Kowloon and mainland China, 1896. (from Empson, Hal, Mapping Hong Kong: a Historical Atlas, Hong Kong, Government Information Services, 1992, p. 236.).................................. 11 Fig. 7. Enlargement of the Xin’an County map in Kwang Tung Directory 廣東通志, 1897, Cheung Po 長布, Lin Fa Tei 蓮花地, Shek Tau Wai 石頭圍, Wang Toi Shan 橫台山, Sheung Che 上輋, Ha Che 下輋 are marked on the map. It stated that the above villages had been developed before 1897. (from Empson, Hal, Mapping Hong Kong: a Historical Atlas, 1992, p. 117.) 5. Yuen Long Hui, 8. Lam Tsuen, 10. Tai Mo Shan, 11. Tsuen Wan, 12. Kwai Chung. (From Empson, Hal, Mapping Hong Kong: a Historical Atlas, Hong Kong, Government Information Services, 1992, p. 117.) 5. Yuen Long Hui, 8. Lam Tsuen, 10. Tai Mo Shan, 11. Tsuen Wan, 12. Kwai Chung. .......................................................... 12 Fig. 8. Map for military use from British War Office, 1905-1909. Un kong 元崗, Cheung Po 長莆, Tai Wo 大窩, Lin Fa Ti 蓮花地, Shek Tau Wai 石頭圍, Sheung Tsun Wai 上村圍, Wang Tau Shan 橫頭山, Sheung Tsia 上輋, Ha Tsia 下輋, Chuk Hang 竹坑 are marked on the map. (from Empson, Hal, Mapping Hong Kong: a Historical Atlas, 1992, pp. 140-141.) .............................................................. 13 Fig. 9. Choi Yi Wah Ancestral Hall 彝華蔡公祠 in Shui Lau Tin 水流田, Pat Heung, 9 July 2002. ......... 17 Fig. 10. Cheung Ancestral Hall 張氏宗祠 in Shui Tsan Tin 水盞田, Pat Heung, 9 July 2002.................... 17 Fig. 11. Cheung Ancestral Hall 張氏宗祠 in Shui Tsan Tin 水盞田, Pat Heung, 9 July 2002.................... 18 Fig. 12. Cheng Ancestral Hall 鄭氏宗祠 in Ngau Keng 牛徑, Pat Heung, 9 July 2002.............................. 18 Fig. 13. Map showing ancestral halls in KamTsin Wai 金錢圍, Lin Fa Tei 蓮花地, Shui Tsan Tin 水盞田, Shui Lau Tin 水流田, Ngau Keng 牛徑. (Planning Department, Shek Kong Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994) ............................................ 19 Fig. 14. Map showing ancestral halls in Wang Toi Shan 橫台山. (Planning Department, Pat Heung Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994.)...................... 20 Fig. 15. Map showing ancestral halls in Ha Che 下輋, Sheung Che 上輋. (Planning Department, Pat Heung Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994.)......... 21 Fig. 16. Map showing ancestral halls in Ho Pui 河背, Ma On Kong 馬鞍崗. (Planning Department, Kam Tin North Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994.)...................................................................................................................................................... 22 vii
Fig. 17. Map showing ancestral halls in Tsat Sing Kong 七星崗, Cheung Kong Tsuen 長江村. (Planning Department, Kam Tin South Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994.).................................................................................................................................23 Fig. 18. Map showing ancestral halls in Tin Sam San Tsuen 田心新村, Shek Wu Tong 石湖塘 and Yuen Kong 元崗. (Planning Department, Kam Tin North Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994.) ...............................................................................24 Fig. 19. Map showing ancestral halls in Yuen Kong San Tsuen 元崗新村, Cheung Po長莆 and Tai Wo 大窩. (Planning Department, Kam Tin North Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994.) ....................................................................................................25 Fig. 20. Pat Heung Old Temple, 19 June 2002. ...............................................................................................30 Fig. 21 Pat Heung Old Temple. (from Fung Chi Ming 馮志明, Yuanlang wen wu gu ji gai lan 元朗文物古蹟概覽 [Yuen Long historical relics and monuments], Hong Kong, Yuen Long District Board, 1996, p. 94.) ..........................................................................................................................................................31 Fig. 22. Tung Yik School, Pat Heung, 1921. (from Tom K.C. Ming, Jiaobujuan: Xinjie chuantong jiaoyu de tuibian 教不倦: 新界傳統教育的蛻變 From Study Hall to Village School, Hong Kong, The Regional Council, 1996, p. 34.)...............................................................................................................32 Fig. 23. A map showing the villages in Sheung Tsuen 上村 area. Lai Uk Tsuen is at the edge of Sheung Tsuen. The red square on the map shows the location of Chik Kwai Study Hall. (Town Planning Ordinance, Hong Kong Town Planning Board, Pat Heung Outline Zoning Plan, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 2006.) ....................................................................................................34 Fig. 24. Genealogy of the Lais in Sheung Tsuen. (compiled based on the Li shi zu pu 黎氏族譜 [Genealogy of Lai Clan in Sheung Tsuen], 1970.) .....................................................................................................36 Fig. 25. Genealogy of the Lais in Sheung Tsuen. (compiled based on the Li shi zu pu 黎氏族譜 [Genealogy of Lai Clan in Sheung Tsuen], 1970.) .....................................................................................................37 Fig. 26. Lai Ancestral Hall in Sheung Tsuen, 11 November 2006...................................................................39 Fig. 27. The altar housing the ancestral tablets in Lai Ancestral Hall, Sheung Tsuen, 11 November 2006.....39 Fig. 28. A map showing the location of Chik Kwai Study Hall, Pat Heung Old Temple and Lai Clan Ancestral Hall in Sheung Tsuen. (Planning Department, Shek Kong Outline Zoning plan, Hong Kong, Planning Department, Hong Kong SAR Government, 1994.) ................................................................41 Fig. 29. Sheung Tsuen Shui Lo, 1967. (Courtesy of the Survey and Mapping office, Lands Department, HK SAR Government, ref. no.109-SE-A, 1967, Scale 1:5000. (partial)) ......................................................42 Fig. 30. Sheung Tsuen Lai Ka Tsz in the old map, 1970. (Public Records Office, Certain Lots in Pat Heung Valley – Resumption of … in Connection with the Laying of a Water Main From Shum Shun to Tai Lam Chung and Various Government Projects, HKRS337-4-1016-1 from Public Records Office, p. 76.)....43 Fig. 31. A village house in Lai Uk Tsuen, 28 August 2002.............................................................................43 Fig. 32. Lai Uk Tsuen was named as Sheung Tsuen Lai Ka Tsz in 1972. (Courtesy of the Survey and Mapping office, Lands Department, HK SAR Government, ref. no. 6-NE-19A, 1972, Scale 1:5000. (partial))...................................................................................................................................................44 Fig. 33. Sheung Tsuen Lai Uk Tsuen was shown on the map, 1983. (Courtesy of the Survey and Mapping office, Lands Department, HK SAR Government, ref. no. 6-NE-19A, 1983, Scale 1:5000. (partial)) ...45 Fig. 34. The ancestral tablet of Lai Kam Tai found in Lai Ancestral Hall.......................................................47 Fig. 35. The painting panel shows “Guangxu jihai sui Chongyangjiechu 光緒己亥歲重陽節初” on the roof of Chik Kwai Study Hall. (28 August 2002, CAHU’s collection) ..........................................................48 Fig. 36. Chik Kwai Study Hall, 18 July 2006. .................................................................................................49 viii
Page 1 and 2: Consultancy for Conservation Study
Page 3 and 4: Research Team Team Members Position
Page 5 and 6: iv 5.1 Historic place..............
Page 10 and 11: Fig. 37. Map showing Chik Kwai Stud
Page 12 and 13: Fig. 83. Side chambers with cocklof
Page 14 and 15: Fig. 142a-b. changgong 撐栱 [diag
Page 16: LIST OF TABLES Table 1. A list show
Page 19 and 20: 2 This report is to provide a conse
Page 21 and 22: clearly advantageous for villages s
Page 23 and 24: After the British takeover of the N
Page 25 and 26: Pat Heung 八鄉 8 Fig. 3. The Dist
Page 27 and 28: 10 In the Yudiiue 輿地略 [Chapte
Page 29 and 30: 12 Fig. 7. Enlargement of the Xin
Page 31 and 32: Pat Heung valleys are the richest r
Page 33 and 34: 16 Tai Kong Po 大江埔 Yeung 楊
Page 35 and 36: 18 Fig. 11. Cheung Ancestral Hall
Page 37 and 38: 20 Fig. 14. Map showing ancestral h
Page 43 and 44: organized Tat Tak Alliance 達德
Page 45 and 46: 28 According to the elders from Pat
Page 47 and 48: Guanyin 觀音, Tinhou 天后 and G
Page 49 and 50: 32 district. It has already had the
Page 51 and 52: During the Japanese occupation, the
Page 53 and 54: 36 Fig. 24. Genealogy of the Lais i
Page 55 and 56: According to the report wrote by La
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Sheung Tsuen Shui Lo (Fig. 29.). Ch
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42 Fig. 29. Sheung Tsuen Shui Lo, 1
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44 Fig. 32. Lai Uk Tsuen was named
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46 3 HISTORY 3.1 Founding of Chik K
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48 The exact year of its constructi
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50 Fig. 37. Map showing Chik Kwai S
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3.2.1 Study Hall In the Ming and Qi
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54 孺人之神主廿六世
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3.3.3 1970s - 1980s The setting of
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58 Fig. 41. Aerial photo of 1945. (
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60 Fig. 43. Aerial Photo of 1963. (
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62 Fig. 45. Aerial Photo of 1985. (
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The 27th year of Kangxi 康熙 28th
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66 1963 Pat Heung Old Temple 八鄉
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68 recipients of plants and seeds.
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長春園 Lik Wing Tong 力榮堂 Y
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Kang Yung Study Hall 鏡蓉書屋 (
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74 Fig. 49. Tai Kei Ka Shuk 大紀
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76 Fig. 53. Kang Yung Study Hall
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78 Successful candidates in xiang-s
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80 Fig. 58. Lesson in old-style pri
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82 The teachers’ incomes are quit
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84 Fig. 61. Sung Tsun School 崇真
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Population Boom The increase of pop
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4.1 Setting 88 4 BUILDING Chik Kwai
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90 Fig. 66. Chik Kwai study hall an
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occupying a footprint measuring 13.
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94 Fig. 75. The porch at the front
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96 The fourth and sixth purlins in
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98 Fig. 81. The finely craved rain
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From the aerial photograph of 1963,
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102 Fig. 89. Two storeys side chamb
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104 Fig. 91. Main hall of Chik Kwai
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4.3.2 Stable 106 Fig. 95. A small c
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4.4.1 Chik Kwai Study Hall Entrance
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110 Fig. 100a-f. Details of the fro
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112 Fig. 102a-e. Details of the rea
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peach that signifies longevity. At
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vase is a bat, symbol of fu 福 [go
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118 Fig. 107a-d. Details of the eav
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120 [Drinking in front of the flowe
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122 Fig. 109a-c. Murals atop the ma
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124 Fig. 112. Mural on the right ga
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126 The tuofeng 駝峰 atop the low
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128 Fig. 117. tuofeng 駝峰 [suppo
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Friezes of the walls 130 Fig. 119a-
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132 [A wandering exile, I came away
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134 Fig. 124. The mural on the rear
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Eave board at the rear eave Below t
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Courtyard 138 Fig. 127a-e. Details
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shoushi 壽石 [aged rock] that is
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Gable walls The gable walls of the
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Fang 枋 [lintel] 144 Fig. 134a-g.
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Structural frames 146 Fig. 135. The
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148 Fig. 138a-b. tuofeng 駝峰 [su
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150 Fig. 140a-d. tuofeng 駝峰 [su
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Decorative surround 152 Fig. 142a-b
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longevity] (Fig. 144). On the rear
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156 Fig. 144. The mural on the part
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Along the top part of the walls in
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160 Fig. 150. The mural on the part
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4.4.2 Stable There is no particular
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instance, wishes such as riches and
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09 upper floor in the side bays of
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168 Fig. 159. A line of granite fou
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170 Fig. 164. Traces of the seconda
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172 Fig. 167. Lattice window openin
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174 literary knowledge, emoluments,
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176 Fig. 175. Openings on the upper
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178 Fig. 178. Ladder leading to the
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180 Fig. 180. Ladder located in the
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182 Fig. 183. Sketch showing the re
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184 Fig. 185. Sketch showing the re
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Kwai Study Hall could be read as a
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Si Wang Study Hall 士宏書室 Kun
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6.1 The Inspection 190 6 CONDITION
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6.4.1.3 The Side Halls 192 Photo 1
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6.4.3 The Forecourt 194 Photo 6 Clo
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vegetation spreads along the roofs
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198 Photo 15 The side wall showing
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200 Photo 19 The timber beam to the
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202 Photo 23 The columns were in a
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Right-hand side hall The external w
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206 Photo 31 The rear wall of the M
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Left cockloft The 1/F cockloft was
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6.5.2.6 Wall paintings and the alta
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The original wide door openings had
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6.7 Work required to remove the int
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216 An example of propping of struc
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218 Other work may be carried out d
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220 The exposed hole may then be en
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3.0 Demolition of cocklofts slabs,
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3.0 Demolition down to 1/F slab and
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7.1 Conservation Philosophy 226 7 C
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228 � Re-construction of timber s
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230 … Competent direction of cons
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232 with dimensions, shape, design
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8.3 Restoration and conservation
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� Water with a natural P.H. deter
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(b) Take down all electrical light
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240 � the four richly decorated w
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8.4.6.3 Floor finishes - (a) Clean
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8.4.8.3 Wall mural on wall frieze o
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(c) Make good timber altar to match
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2.0 Demolition and Cart Away 2.1 Wo
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250 10.4 Make good partition in fro
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APPENDIX I 252 Fig. 187. First floo
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254 Fig. 191. Section A-A and B-B o
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APPENDIX III PRINCIPLES FOR THE PRE
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258 conservation may require the co
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APPENDIX IV ICOMOS PRINCIPLES FOR T
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plaster, etc. Prerequisites for any
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Competent direction of conservation
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Rob Crèvecoeur (The Netherlands) L
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Gui Wencan 桂文燦 et al., Guangd
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Land Registration in the New Territ
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