47. Volume 14- Number 2 - IP Australia

‘Q195’
Application No: 2000/181 Accepted: 28 Jun 2000.
Applicant: Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations,
Indooroopilly, QLD.
Characteristics (Table 34, Figure 44) Ploidy: cytologically
complex polyploid and aneuploid interspecific sugarcane.
Plant: perennial grass with semi-erect growth habit,
medium tillers per stool. Leaf canopy is light to medium.
Suckers are very few in number. Stem: culms are very short
to short with mean length to top visible dewlap (TVD)
approximately 2.09m (range 1.82 to 2.44m). Alternate
internodes of a culm are arranged in a medium zigzagged
pattern. Length of longest internode on bud side is very
short to short with mean length approximately 14.5cm
(range 12.2 to 18.5cm) and side opposite bud is very short
to short with mean length approximately 14.2cm (range
11.9 to 18.2cm). Diameter of longest internode central and
perpendicular to bud is thin with mean approximately
23.0mm (range 20.3 to 28.1mm). Diameter of longest
internode central and dissecting bud is very thin to thin with
mean approximately 23.6mm (range 20.8 to 28.6mm).
Internodes are cylindrical and round in cross-section.
Colour of dewaxed internode is greyed-brown (RHS 199A)
and yellow-green (RHS 152A) exposed and yellow (8C) to
yellow-green (RHS 145C) unexposed. Wax covering of
internode is light to medium, with wax band distinct and
very wide in width. Growth cracks are absent. Cork cracks
are absent. Bud groove is inconspicuous, medium in length
and shallow. Root band width on bud side is narrow (6.5 to
8.5mm). Bud is medium in prominence, vertical oval in
shape, and with base near to leaf scar and tip above the
growth ring. Bud width excluding wings is narrow and bud
wing is medium in width. Leaf scar is prominent and
oblique descending towards bud. Growth ring is swollen.
Leaf: lamina of TVD leaf is very short in length with mean
approximately 1.21m (range 1.12 to 1.36m), very narrow to
narrow in width with mean approximately 33.5mm (range
31.4 to 37.2mm) at longitudinal midpoint, and bent near tip
in attitude. Midrib of lamina at longitudinal midpoint is
very narrow in width with mean 2.2mm (range 1.7 to
3.0mm). Lamina width to midrib width ratio is high with
mean approximately 15.2 (range 11.3 to 18.8). Leaf sheath
of TVD leaf is very short to short with mean length
approximately 28.7cm (range 26.0 to 31.5cm). Sheath of
senescent leaves have medium adherence to culm. Hairs on
abaxial leaf sheath surface (Group 57) are sparse to medium
and medium to long. Ligule is crescentiform in shape and
medium at midrib section. Cilia along the free margin of the
ligule (Group 61) are sparse to medium and short. Auricles
are of medium prominence and asymmetrical. Inner or
underlapping auricle is deltoid in shape and small in size.
Outer or overlapping auricle is transitional in shape. Seed:
seed or fruit is a caryopsis. Disease resistance: very highly
resistant to Leaf Scald (Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby)
Dowson), very highly resistant to sugarcane mosaic virus,
intermediate to Red Rot (Glomerella tucumanensis (Spego)
Arx and Mueller, resistant-intermediate to Pachymetra Root
Rot. Other characteristics: Fibre quantity and quality are
acceptable for milling purposes (impact reading 0.55, shear
strength 29.0, short fibre 62.7%).
Origin and Breeding Controlled pollination: ‘Q195’ is the
progeny of a controlled bi-parental cross made at Meringa
PLANT VARIETIES JOURNAL 2001 VOL 14 NO. 2
(Gordonvale), QLD, between the female parent ‘Q117’ and
the male parent MEX59-182. Seed was collected from the
pollinated female inflorescence and stored for germination
in 1990. ‘Q195’ has been evaluated and selected by BSES
in yield trials on the Herbert Sugar Experiment Station and
sites within the sugarcane growing area in the Herbert
region. Standard commercial varieties were also included in
the trials for comparative purposes. Selection criteria: cane
yield, ccs, and sugar yield have been the main selection
criteria. Disease resistance screening was conducted at the
pathology farm (Eight Mile Plains) and in the Tully
glasshouse. Propagation: after an initial seedling stage
(using seed from the cross), all subsequent stages have
involved vegetative propagation. Breeder: Bureau of Sugar
Experiment Stations.
Choice of Comparators ‘Q117’ and ‘Q174 A ’ were chosen,
as they are the most similar varieties grown in the Herbert
region. ‘Q117’ accounted for about 2.6% (72,600 t) of the
Herbert region crop in 2000 while ‘Q174’ A has only
recently been released. ‘Q117’ is also the female parent of
‘Q195’. The male parent ‘MEX59-182 has been discarded
from the parent collection.
Comparative Trial Location: conducted at Meringa Sugar
Experiment Station (17º 12′ S, 145º 45′ E), Gordonvale,
QLD. The trial was planted 22 Sep 1999 and harvested in
Oct 2000. DUS data were recorded in mid May 2000.
Conditions: Clones were propagated from vegetative
cuttings and grown under field conditions. Soil type:
Clifton. Watering regime: Rainfed. Chemicals: The
fungicide Shirtan was applied at 400 ml per hectare at
planting. SuSCon (14 kg/ha) was applied at planting.
Fertilisers: DAP (120 kg/ha) was applied at planting.
Muriate of potash (140 kg/ha) was applied on 15 November
1999 and urea (100 kg/ha) was applied on 25 November
1999. Total nutrients were: N – 67.6 kg/ha; P – 24 kg/ha; K
– 70 kg/ha. Trial design: Clones were grown in a
randomised complete block design with three replicates.
Plots were single row by 10 m, with 1.5 m between rows.
Measurements: Taken from up to 15 stalks sampled
randomly per plot.
Prior Applications and Sales
No prior applications. First sold in Australia in Apr 2001.
Description: Dr Mike Cox, BSES, Bundaberg, QLD.
Table 34 Saccharum varieties
‘Q195’ ‘Q117’ ‘Q174’ A
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GROWTH HABIT
semi-erect erect semi-erect
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TILLERING
medium few few
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LEAF CANOPY
light to light to very light
medium medium to light
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ALIGNMENT OF INTERNODES
medium medium medium
zigzagged zigzagged zigzagged
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DESCRIPTIONS