D28: Internal seiche mixing study - Hydromod

Integrated Water Resource Management for Important Deep European Lakes and their Catchment Areas
EUROLAKES
D28: Internal seiche mixing study
Table of contents
FP5_Contract No.: EVK1-CT1999-00004
Version: 1.2
Date: 24.08.2004
File: D28.doc
Page 2 of 92
1 Introduction 4
1.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 4
1.2 OBJECTIVES 5
2 Lac du Bourget 6
2.1 INTRODUCTION 6
2.2 THE ENVIRONMENT OF LAC DU BOURGET 6
2.3 MEASUREMENT ON THE LAKE 7
2.3.1 The data 7
2.4 APPLICATIONS 11
2.4.1 TELEMAC System 11
2.4.2 SIMULATED SEICHES – ANALYSIS 17
2.5 CONCLUSIONS 20
2.6 REFERENCES 20
3 Internal seiches and mixing in Lac Léman 21
3.1 THE LAC LÉMAN ENVIRONMENT 21
3.2 FIELD STUDIES 22
3.2.1 Modes detected 22
3.2.2 Wave propagation patterns 24
3.2.3 Evidence of Poincaré waves 31
3.2.4 Progressive vector analysis 31
3.2.5 Mixing by internal seiches 32
3.3 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS 35
3.3.1 Model Description 35
3.3.2 Mixing by Long Internal Waves - Model Results 36
3.4 CONCLUSIONS 42
3.5 REFERENCES 44
4 Maps and tables of free internal seiches in Upper Lake Constance for practical use 46
4.1 OBJECTIVE 46
4.2 OUTLINE OF THE CALCULATION 47
4.3 AUXILIARY FORMULATIONS FOR EVALUATION OF EIGEN-PERIODS WITH RESPECT TO DIFFERENT
STRATIFICATIONS 52
4.4 THE EIGEN-PERIODS INCLUDING THE CORIOLIS EFFECT 54
4.5 THE HORIZONTAL STRUCTURES OF THE INTERFACE AMPLITUDES 58
4.6 THE HORIZONTAL STRUCTURES OF THE CURRENTS 74
4.7 REFERENCES 81