Constraints on Women Entrepreneurship Development in Kerala: An ...

Family profile
Nearly 70 percent of the entrepreneurs lived in nuclear families. There were marginal
differences in the proportion among WMUs, JMUs, and MMUs in this respect, WMUs
having the largest proportion of 75 percent (Table 3.9).
Table 3.9 Distribution of Sample Enterprises by Size and Performance
Size Successful Average Unsuccessful
Group WMU JMU MMU WMU JMU MMU WMU JMU MMU
Large 8(24.24) 13(65.0) 9(34.61) 5(17.85) 3(25.0) 4(36.36) 7(23.3) 6(24.0) 7(46.66)
Medium 13(39.3) 4(20.0) 14(53.8) 4(14.28) 1(8.3) 5(45.45) 7(23.3) 14(56.0) 3(20.0)
Small 12(36.3) 3(15.0) 3(11.53) 19(67.8) 8(66.66) 2(18.18) 16(53.3) 5(20.0) 5(33.3)
Total 33(100) 20(100) 26(100) 28(100) 12(100) 11(100) 30(100) 25(100) 15(100)
Table 3.10 Distribution of Entrepreneurs by Type of Family and Performance of
Enterprise
Type of family WMU JMU MMU Total
Nuclear 68 (74.73) 37 (64.9) 34 (65.38) 139 (69.5)
Extended 23 (25.27) 20 (35.1) 18 (34.62) 61 (30.5)
Total 91 (100) 57 (100) 52 (100) 200 (100)
Ninety percent of the sample entrepreneurs were married, the others being either single or
unmarried. Most of them came from business families (43 percent), about one-third belonged
to families of salary earners; and nearly 15 percent had families of wage earners.
Proportionately, representation from the unemployed (6.0 percent) and the professional (3.5
percent) groups was meagre. In the WMU sample, a high proportion (45 percent) came
from families of salary earners (Table 3.11).
Table 3.11 Distribution of Enterprises by Occupational Background of the Family
Family Occupation WMU ALL
Professional 3 (3.3) 7 (3.5)
Business 20 (22.0) 86 (43.0)
Employed 41 (45.1) 65 (32.5)
Labour 19 (20.9) 30 (15.0)
Unemployed 8 (8.8) 12 (6.0)
Total 91 (100) 200 (100)
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