La achira, técnicas de cultivo, beneficio o proceso - Agronet
La achira, técnicas de cultivo, beneficio o proceso - Agronet
La achira, técnicas de cultivo, beneficio o proceso - Agronet
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
8<br />
8. MANEJO DE LA PLANTACIÓN.................................................................................................................43<br />
8.1. Manejo <strong>de</strong> malezas .......................................................................................................................43<br />
8.2. Fertilización ..................................................................................................................................43<br />
8.3. Manejo <strong>de</strong>l medio <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sarrollo <strong>de</strong> la planta ..................................................................................44<br />
8.4. Riego ............................................................................................................................................44<br />
8.5. Drenajes .......................................................................................................................................44<br />
9. MANEJO DE PLAGAS................................................................................................................................45<br />
9.1. Plagas <strong>de</strong>l rizoma...........................................................................................................................45<br />
9.2. Plagas <strong>de</strong>l follaje.............................................................................................................................46<br />
9.3. Manejo integrado <strong>de</strong> plagas ...........................................................................................................46<br />
9.4. Muestreo <strong>de</strong> insectos plagas ..........................................................................................................46<br />
9.5. Muestreo <strong>de</strong>l barrenador <strong>de</strong>l rizoma y tallo....................................................................................46<br />
10. ENFERMEDADES ....................................................................................................................................47<br />
10.1. Sigatoka amarilla (Mycosphaerella musicola Leach.) ......................................................................47<br />
10.2. Manejo <strong>de</strong> enfermeda<strong>de</strong>s............................................................................................................48<br />
11 COSECHA ...............................................................................................................................................49<br />
11.1. Madurez <strong>de</strong> los rizomas ..............................................................................................................49<br />
11.2. Cosecha .....................................................................................................................................49<br />
11.3. Rendimiento en rizomas .............................................................................................................50<br />
12. PROCESAMIENTO..................................................................................................................................53<br />
12.1. Descripción <strong>de</strong>l <strong>beneficio</strong> para la producción <strong>de</strong> almidón <strong>de</strong> <strong>achira</strong>...............................................53<br />
12.2. Limpieza <strong>de</strong> rizomas....................................................................................................................54<br />
12.3. Empaque, apronte o transporte <strong>de</strong> rizomas .................................................................................54<br />
12.4. <strong>La</strong>vado <strong>de</strong> rizomas .....................................................................................................................54<br />
12.5. Rallado <strong>de</strong> rizomas .....................................................................................................................56<br />
12.6. Colado o tamizado......................................................................................................................57<br />
12.7. Decantado y <strong>de</strong>smanche ............................................................................................................58<br />
12.8. <strong>La</strong>vado <strong>de</strong>l almidón .....................................................................................................................58<br />
12.9. Secado........................................................................................................................................59<br />
12.10. Empaque y almacenamiento......................................................................................................60<br />
13. PRODUCTO FINAL DEL PROCESO O BENEFICIO ..............................................................................61<br />
13.1. Almidón <strong>de</strong> <strong>achira</strong> ......................................................................................................................61<br />
13.2. Rendimiento <strong>de</strong> almidón e índice <strong>de</strong> conversión ..........................................................................61<br />
13.3. Calidad <strong>de</strong>l almidón <strong>de</strong> <strong>achira</strong> ......................................................................................................62<br />
13.4. Factores <strong>de</strong> calidad <strong>de</strong>l almidón <strong>de</strong> <strong>achira</strong>.....................................................................................62<br />
14. ESTRUCTURA DE COSTOS Y RENTABILIDAD .....................................................................................65<br />
14.1. Análisis <strong>de</strong> costos.........................................................................................................................65<br />
14.2. Indicadores <strong>de</strong> productividad, económicos y financieros...............................................................65<br />
14.3. Análisis <strong>de</strong> productividad, rentabilidad y financiero ........................................................................66<br />
15. OPORTUNIDADES DE MERCADO DEL ALMIDÓN DE ACHIRA.........................................................71<br />
15.1. Usos ...........................................................................................................................................71<br />
15.2. Merca<strong>de</strong>o ...................................................................................................................................72<br />
16. CADENA AGROINDUSTRIAL DE LA ACHIRA ......................................................................................73<br />
17. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES ..............................................................................................................75<br />
LISTADO DE FOTOGRAFÍAS, FIGURAS Y TABLAS.......................................................................................76<br />
BIBLIOGRAFÍA...............................................................................................................................................81<br />
GLOSARIO ....................................................................................................................................................85<br />
LA ACHIRA