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CENTRALES NUCLEARES NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

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F ITOBERA DE VENTEO / VENT NOZZLECorte transversal tobera de venteoy disposición del tapon de selladoVenting nozzle cross section and sealingplug arrangementConstrucción de la torrede refrigeraciónLa torre de refrigeración que se estáconstruyendo tiene por objeto enfriarel agua de circulación proveniente delcondensador principal a fin de cumplirlos criterios de normativa de vertidosaplicables:- Limitar la temperatura de descargaal río Tajo a un máximo de 30ºC, y- Limitar la diferencia de temperaturaentre la toma y aguas abajo de ladescarga del agua de circulación aun máximo de 3ºC.Los trabajos de obra civil en la Torrede Refrigeración se realizaron en dosfases:Fase I (febrero 1995):• Instalación de injerto en tubería decirculación existente para derivar elflujo de agua hacia la torre.• Instalación de válvulas de corte yaislamiento.Fase II:• Construcción de cántara para lacaptación del agua para la torre de refrigeración.• Cimentación de estructuras de celdasde las torres de refrigeración.• Estudio de impacto ambiental.Potencia reducida por bajo caudaldel río TajoLa disminución paulatina del caudalmedio del río Tajo ha obligado a reducirla carga de la planta para cumplircon los límites de temperatura impuestosde vertidos al río.Inspecciones/simulacros: 1995El CSN realizó durante el año 31 inspeccionesa diversas áreas de la planta.La Agencia de la energía EURATOMefectuó 6 inspecciones sobre vigilanciade combustible, control de materialfisible y carga de combustible enel reactor.Se efectuaron 4 simulacros de defensacontra incendios, previstostrimestralmente, para comprobar ymantener el entrenamiento del personaly el buen estado de los equipos.Asimismo, el día 6 de octubre se realizóel simulacro anual del Plan deEmergencia InteriorImplantación del sumulador gráficointeractivo en Zorita SGIZSe implantó durante el 4º trimestredel ‘95, en el centro de formación dela CNJC, un simulador gráfico interactivoque emplea la representacióngráfica sobre monitores en color dealta resolución.La representación gráfica recoge 15sistemas de los más relevantes de lacentral, visualizando el valor de lasvariables del proceso y su actualizaciónen tiempo real de su dinámica.Permite analizar los accidentes, incorporandolos escenarios de losPOE’s, malfunciones y transitorios,con fines de entrenar a los operadores,así como permitir el conocimientode los sistemas y análisis de incidentespara formación del resto delpersonal.Visitas intercambio técnicoVisitaron la Central, en noviembredel 1995, con fines de intercambiotécnico las siguientes entidades:CN. ATUCHA (Argentina), organizadapor WANO con objeto de intercambiode experiencias en las áreasde Producción, Ingeniería de Planta,Mantenimiento y Licenciamiento.CN. KOZLODUY (Bulgaria), con objetode conocer el Programa deEvaluación Sistemática (SEP) efectuadoen CNJC entre 1982 a 1985 ysus modificaciones efectuadas derivadasdel mismo.February 1995, it was announced that vessel head repairwork had been completed (09/02/95) and that refuelingnumber XX was still in progress.On 14 February 1995, the following interface was made:circulation line connection to future Cooling Tower.The reactor was loaded on 17 February, replacing 20 of thetotal of 69 fuel assemblies that make up the reactor core.The containment building watertightness test wasperformed from the 2nd to the 5th of March withsatisfactory results.On 17 March, the General Energy Directorate approved aresolution to put into service the repair made in thereactor vessel head penetrations to correct the defectsfound and to perform a hydrostatic test of the primarycircuit to confirm the satisfactory result of the repair.On March 25, the primary hydrostatic test was performedon the vessel head penetration repair with acceptableresults. During this test, a pore in the reactor vessel headvent nozzle was detected.On 31 May 1995, the vent nozzle repair was completedand pending refueling operations, which were interruptedto repair the nozzle, were resumed on 1 June, includingthe following:- Reactor criticality: 9 June at 19:40 hours.- Nuclear tests: completed on 10 June at 21:40 hours.- Connection to electric grid: 12 June at 18:24 hours, withload stabilization for subsequent disconnection and realoverspeed test of turbine with satisfactory results.- The plant went on line again on 13 June 1995 at 09:56hours, operating at restricted load (60%) due to limitationsimposed by the low flow of the Tagus River.Vent Nozzle:As mentioned above, on 25 March a pore was detected inthe head vent nozzle during the hydrostatic test.After investigating the root cause by means of metallurgicanalyses performed in CIEMAT and nondestructive liquidpenetrant, ultrasound and induced current inspection, itwas concluded that the cause was sensitization of theInconel-600 material from welding, as well as thechemically contaminating presence of sulphur. Thisphenomenon is similar to the one that affected thepenetrations but with a different initiator.Once the cause analysis was evaluated and a repairproposed, the Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear authorizedthe nozzle repair, which was invalidated by means of a plugwelded to the inside of the head and functionally replacedby actuating a remote vent existing in a penetration.OPERATION JULY-DECEMBER 1995The significant operating data are summarized in Table I.Follow-up of WANO indicators during 1995 results in thefollowing relevant conclusions: no trips, no occupationalaccidents, good fuel reliability (zero index), and dose andwaste reduction.Cooling Tower Construction:The purpose of the cooling tower being built is to cool thecirculation water from the main condenser in order tocomply with applicable regulatory criteria for discharges:- Limit the discharge temperature to the Tagus river to amaximum of 30ºC, and- Limit the temperature difference between the intake anddownstream circulation water discharge to a maximum of3ºC.T IDATOS SIGNIFICATIVOS DE EXPLOTACIÓN/ SIGNIFICANT OPERATING DATA(12/06/95-31/12/95)Número de horas crítico /Number of critical hours 4.917,50Número de criticidades /Number of criticalities 2Número de horas acoplado /Number of hours on line 4.852,67Número de acoplamientos /Number of connections 2Energía térmica generada (GWh) /Thermal energy generated 1.244,34Energía eléctrica bruta (GWh) /Gross electrical energy 380,380Energía eléctrica neta (GWh) /Net electrical energy 348,735Rendimiento global bruto medio (%) /Overall gross average performance 30,57Factor carga o utilización (%) /Capacity or use factor 48,99Factor de operación (%)/Unit availability factor 100Factor de disponibilidad (%) /Availability factor 99,41Factor de indisponibilidad programado (%) / Scheduled unavailability factor 0,32Factor de indisponibilidad no programado (%) / Unscheduled unavailability factor 0,27Número de horas consideradas / Number of hours considered 4.852,67Paradas automáticas no programadas / Unscheduled automatic shutdowns 0

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