dihibriduli Sejvareba

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sur.5. F 2 Taobis hibridebi 41,5% ruxi da grZelfrTiani 41,5% Savi da CanasaxovanfrTiani 8,5% Savi da grZelfrTiani 8,5% ruxi da CanasaxovanfrTiani es Sedegebi ufro axlos iyo meore savaraudo variantTan, romlis mixedviT sxeulis ferisa da frTebis sigrZis ganmsazRvreli genebi SeWidulia da qromosomaTa erT homologiur wyvilSi mdebareobs. amrigad, Sedegis mixedviT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom genebi SeWidulia, magram es SeWiduloba sruli ar aris, mas raRac arRvevs da amaze axali kombinaciebis arseboba metyvelebs. SeWidulobis darRveva morganma meiozis dros homologiur qromosomebs Soris monakveTebis gacvlis SesaZleblobiT axsna. jer kidev 1909 wels belgielma mecnierma iansensma I meiozuri gayofis profazaSi SeamCnia gadajvaredinebuli qromosomebi (qiazmebi) (sur. 6). morganma gamoTqva azri, rom gadajvaredinebisas sur.6. qiazmebi qromosomebi erTmaneTs monakveTebs ucvlian, ris Sedegadac erTi qromosomis genebi SeiZleba meore homologiur qromosomaSi moxvdnen. am movlenas krosingoveri ewoda. krosingoveris morganiseuli sqema Semdegnairad gamoiyureba (sur. 7): momdevno gamokvlevebma daadastura morganis mosazrebebi. Tanamedrove warmodgeniT krosingoveris movlenas Semdegi sqema sur. 7. krosingoveris sqema morganis mixedviT asaxavs (sur. 8): homologiuri qromosomebi qromosomebis gaormageba krosingoveri rekombinacia gametebi sur. 8. krosingoveri Tanamedrove warmodgeniT 29
30 morganis laboratoriis Semdgomma gamokvlevebma cxadyo, rom meiozis dros qromosomebis monakveTebis gacvla TiTqmis yvela homologiur wyvilSi xdeba, ris Sedegadac gametebSi genebis axali kombinaciebis mqone genebi xvdeba. am process rekombinacia ewodeba, xolo `axali~ qromosomebis mqone gametebis SeerTebiT miRebul fenotipebs _ rekombinantebi. krosingoveris meSveobiT genebis axali kombinaciebi warmoiqmneba. amitom igi memkvidreobiTi cvalebadobis erT-erTi mizezia. 1. gamoiCekeboda Tu ara Savi da grZelfrTiani drozofila, krosingoveri rom ar xdebodes? pasuxi daasabuTeT. 2. ra movlenam gamoiwvia erT qromosomaSi arsebuli SeWiduli genebis sxva dasxva gametaSi moxvedra? 3. drozofilas romeli fenotipebi SeiZleba CaiTvalos rekombinantebad zemoT ganxilul magaliTSi? ganixileT mocemuli sqema da moifiqreT: 1. rogoria mSoblebis, F1 da F Taobis individTa 2 genotipebi? 2. gamovlinda Tu ara I Taobis erTgvarobis wesi? 3. rogoria daTiSva F Tao- 2 baSi? SeadareT miRebuli Sedegi bardis <strong>dihibriduli</strong> Sejvarebis Sedegebs. ra gansxvavebaa maT Soris? 4. ratom ver miviReT axali kombinaciebi? P 1 gametebi F 1 gametebi F 2 A B A B A B A B a b A B A B a b A B A B a b A B A B A B a b a b a b a b a b A B a b a b a b a b
Page 1 and 2: 20 1.5 dihibriduli Sejvareba mendel
Page 3 and 4: lad mimdinare monohibriduli Sejvare
Page 5 and 6: gB gB gb gb d) ramden bocvers eqneb
Page 7 and 8: 26 drozofilas `damsaxureba~ amerike
Page 9: 28 = rogori iqneboda miRebuli hibri
Page 13 and 14: • Tqveni azriT, ra Sedegebi mohyv
Page 15 and 16: 1.12 pleiotropia wina gakveTilebze
Page 17 and 18: aseT avadmyofebs mravali sxva paTol
Page 19 and 20: letaluri genis moqmedebas naTlad as
Page 21 and 22: Semajamebeli gakveTili sisxlis jguf
Page 23 and 24: 3.2 qromosomaTa struqturuli mutacie
Page 25 and 26: da SeadareT erTmaneTs. sur. 7-ze as
Page 27 and 28: otidTa gansazRvrul Tanmimdevrobas c
Page 29 and 30: 118 miRwevaa (sur. 4). adamianisa d
Page 31 and 32: genomuri daqtiloskopia swored nukle

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