Tavi 4. Kklimatis cvlileba - momxmarebeli.ge
Tavi 4. Kklimatis cvlileba - momxmarebeli.ge
Tavi 4. Kklimatis cvlileba - momxmarebeli.ge
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cxovrebisa da saqmianobis wesis mniSvnelovan gardaqmnas, qveynebis ekonomikuri<br />
politikis ekologiurad „damzogav“ teqnologiebze orientacias.<br />
iTvleba, rom kacobriobis istoriaSi dafiqsirebuli globaluri klimatis<br />
cvlilebis yvela periodisagan gansxvavebiT, Tanamedrove klimatis <strong>cvlileba</strong><br />
gamowveulia adamianis sawarmoo saqmianobiT da dakavSirebulia intensiur<br />
industrializaciasTan. kerZod, industriuli saqmianobis Sedegad atmosferoSi<br />
gamoyofili airebi cvlis atmosferos Semad<strong>ge</strong>nlobas da xels uSlis dedamiwis<br />
zedapiridan siTbos kargvas. am airebs „saTburis gazebi“ ewodebaT. isini<br />
moicaven naxSirorJangs, meTans, azotis qveJangs da ramdenime sxva, arapirdapiri<br />
moqmedebis gazs.<br />
გაზი სიცოცხლის–<br />
უნარიანობა<br />
(წლები)<br />
CO2 ცვლადი<br />
(50-200)<br />
გლობალური დათბობის<br />
პოტენციალი (დროითი<br />
ინტერვალი 100 წელი)<br />
CH4 12±3 21<br />
N2O 120 310<br />
HFCs<br />
HFC-23 264 11700<br />
HFC-32 5,6 650<br />
HFC-125 32,6 2800<br />
HFC-134 10,6 1300<br />
HFC-143 48,3 3800<br />
HFC-152 1,5 140<br />
HFC-227 36,5 2900<br />
HFC-236 209 6300<br />
HFC-245 6,6 560<br />
PFCs<br />
CF4 50000 6500<br />
C2F6 10000 9200<br />
C3F8 2600 7000<br />
C4F10 2600 7000<br />
1<br />
saTburis gazi eqvsia, esenia: naxSirorJangi<br />
(CO2), meTani (CH4), azotis qveJangi (N2O),<br />
hidroftornaxSirbadebi (HFCs), perftornax-<br />
Sirbadebi (PFCs) da ftorosulfatebi (SF6). es<br />
gazebi STanTqaven dedamiwidan atmosferoSi<br />
areklil infrawiTel gamosxivebas da<br />
abruneben mas dedamiwaze, rac iwvevs e.w.<br />
„saTburis efeqts“ da temperaturis matebas<br />
dedamiwaze.<br />
saTburis gazebis mTliani raodenobis 63%-ს<br />
naxSirorJangi Sead<strong>ge</strong>ns, Semdeg modis meTani<br />
(24%), azotis qveJangi (10%) da sxva gazebi (3<br />
%), Tumca am gazebis mier „saTburis efeqtSi“<br />
Setanili wili damokidebulia ara marto maT<br />
raodenobaze, aramed aseve maT siTbur<br />
potencialzec.<br />
koeficients, romelic gamoxatavs ama Tu im<br />
gazis siTburi efeqtis siZlieres<br />
naxSirorJangTan SefardebiT, globaluri<br />
daTbobis potenciali (GWP) ewodeba.<br />
am koeficientis gaTvaliswinebiT saTburis<br />
gazebis saerTo emisia gadaiyvaneba da izomeba<br />
naxSirorJangis ekvivalentebSi.<br />
K<br />
cxrili 1: saTburis gazebis daxasiaTeba mdgradobisa da globaluri daTbobis<br />
potencialis mixedviT.<br />
gansakuTrebiT didia wiaRiseuli sawvavis (naxSiri, navTobi, gazi)<br />
moxmarebis roli saTburis gazebis gafrqvevaSi. maTi moxmareba mkveTrad<br />
gaizarda sayovelTao industrializaciisa da transportis swrafi ganviTarebis<br />
kvaldakval, me-20 saukunis bolo aTwleulebSi, da dRemde grZeldeba.
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