saxelmZRvanelo "informaciuli da sakomunikacio teqnologiebi"
saxelmZRvanelo "informaciuli da sakomunikacio teqnologiebi"
saxelmZRvanelo "informaciuli da sakomunikacio teqnologiebi"
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asrulebs informaciis gacvlis ganawesi (Protocol). ganawesi gansazRvravs<br />
qselSi informaciis moZraobis wesebs.<br />
ganasxvaveben ori tipis ganawesebs: sabazo <strong>da</strong> gamoyenebiTi.<br />
sabazo ganawesebi (qve<strong>da</strong> donis ganawesebi) uzrunvelyofen Setyobinebebis<br />
fizikur ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebas qselSi. Ees ganawesebia TCP (Transmission<br />
Control Protocol – ga<strong>da</strong>cemaTa marTvis ganawesi) <strong>da</strong> IP (Internet Protocol –<br />
internetis protokoli). rogorc wesi, orive ganawess wyvilad<br />
moixsenieben TCP/IP. TCP/IP ganawesi instalirebulia internetSi CarTul<br />
yvela kompiuterze specialuri programis saxiT.<br />
TCP/IP ganawesi uzrunvelyofs informaciis swraf <strong>da</strong> saimedo<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>cemas. amisaTvis gasagzavni Setyobineba iyofa mcire zomis calkeul<br />
paketebad, inomreba, aRiWurveba specialuri misamarTiT <strong>da</strong> igzavneba.<br />
gamoyenebiTi ganawesebi (ze<strong>da</strong> donis ganawesebi) pasuxs ageben<br />
specialuri momsaxureobebis uzrunvelyofaze. magaliTad http ganawesi<br />
pasuxs agebs hiperteqsturi veb-gverdebis ga<strong>da</strong>cemaze, ftp ganawesi-<br />
programebisa <strong>da</strong> monacemebis failebis, xolo SMTP <strong>da</strong> POP ganawesebi<br />
eleqtronuli fostis ga<strong>da</strong>cemaze. yvela ganawesi moqmedebs sakuTari<br />
wesebis mixedviT <strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyofs pirobebs ze<strong>da</strong> donis ganawesisaTvis.<br />
internetis misamarTebis sistema<br />
internetSi CarTul TiToeul sakvanZo kompiuters (Host computer)<br />
eniWeba unikaluri IP misamarTi. Ees misamarTi calsaxad gansazRvravs<br />
kompiuteris mdebareobas internetis qelSi. IP misamarTi Sedgeba<br />
wertilebiT gayofili oTxi ricxvisgan. TiToeuli ricxvis mniSvneloba<br />
mdebareobs 0 <strong>da</strong>n 255-mde diapazonSi. mag.: 129.42.17.90<br />
momxmareblebisaTvis ricxvebiT Cawerili misamarTebis <strong>da</strong>maxsovreba<br />
sakmaod rTuli <strong>da</strong> mouxerxebelia. amitom, muSaobis gamartivebis mizniT,<br />
Seqmnilia domenur saxelTaA sistema (Doman Names System DNS) romlis<br />
mixedviTac TiToeul IP misamarTs Seesabameba unikaluri teqsturi<br />
saxeli. Mmag.: www.itvet.ge; www.microsoft.com.<br />
sakvanZo kompiuterTan <strong>da</strong>sakavSireblad SegviZlia gamoviyenoT rogorc<br />
ricxviTi, aseve teqsturi misamarTi. domenur saxelTa serviss<br />
internetSi uzrunvelyofen specialuri DNS serverebi. TiToeul vebgverds<br />
aqvs sakuTari misamarTi internetSi, romelis aRmniSvnel<br />
terminad iyeneben inglisur abriviaturas URL, romelic resursebis,<br />
unificirebuli maCveneblis - Uniform Resource Locator – Semoklebul<br />
Canawers warmoadgens.<br />
misamarTis pirveli nawili http:// - rom informaciis gasacvlelad<br />
gamoiyeneba HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) hiperteqstis ga<strong>da</strong>cemis<br />
protokoli, romelic gansazRvravs Tu rogor aris formatirebuli<br />
dokumenti <strong>da</strong> ranairad ga<strong>da</strong>icema igi internetSi. mag.: http://www.itvet.ge.<br />
informaciis internetSi gansaTavseblad, rogorc wesi erTi gverdi<br />
ar aris sakmarisi. amitom iqmneba erTmaneTTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli ramodenime<br />
veb gverdi – Web Page, romelTa erTobliobas veb-saiti – Web Site<br />
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