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Un regno di pietre. - Rete Civica dell'Alto Adige

Un regno di pietre. - Rete Civica dell'Alto Adige

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1 | 2 Kornelkirsche in Blüte und Frucht<br />

3 Pflanzenreste, wie etwa das Einkorn vom Ötzi,<br />

geben Aufschluss über <strong>di</strong>e Landwirtschaft in der<br />

Kupferzeit.<br />

W Archäobotanische<br />

<strong>Un</strong>tersuchungen<br />

Pflanzen und Früchte<br />

Die Archäobotaniker/innen erforschen<br />

<strong>di</strong>e Pflanzenreste, <strong>di</strong>e bei Ausgrabungen<br />

zum Vorschein kommen. Nicht nur <strong>di</strong>e<br />

natürliche florale Umwelt der früheren<br />

Zeit, sondern auch <strong>di</strong>e vom Menschen<br />

hervorgerufenen Veränderungen der<br />

Pflanzen werden untersucht. Die pflanzlichen<br />

Reste von Feldthurns stammen<br />

aus den spätkupferzeitlichen Schichten.<br />

Die Ergebnisse sind deshalb so bedeutend,<br />

weil Kenntnisse zum Ackerbau aus<br />

<strong>di</strong>eser Zeit zum großen Teil fehlen. Ging<br />

man früher oft von einer vorwiegend von<br />

der Viehzucht und von der Weidewirtschaft<br />

lebenden alpinen Bevölkerung aus,<br />

zeigt <strong>di</strong>e große Anzahl der in Feldthurns<br />

gefundenen Pflanzengattungen, dass <strong>di</strong>e<br />

Landwirtschaft fortgeschritten war.<br />

In Feldthurns verzehrte man demnach<br />

1 | 2 Fiore e frutto <strong>di</strong> corniolo<br />

3 I resti botanici, come il piccolo farro <strong>di</strong> Ötzi, ci<br />

informano sull’agricoltura durante la tarda età<br />

del Rame.<br />

W Analisi archeo-<br />

botaniche<br />

Piante e frutti<br />

Per mezzo delle indagini archeobotaniche<br />

si classificano i resti <strong>di</strong> piante recuperati<br />

negli scavi. L’interesse non è rivolto<br />

solo alle piante presenti a livello naturale<br />

nelle varie epoche, ma anche ai cambiamenti<br />

indotti dall’uomo nella struttura<br />

della vegetazione <strong>di</strong> una data area.<br />

Molti reperti botanici furono trovati a<br />

Velturno negli strati attribuibili alla tarda<br />

età del Rame. I risultati delle analisi<br />

sono <strong>di</strong> grande importanza, perché fino<br />

ad ora mancavano localmente dati atten<strong>di</strong>bili<br />

sull’agricoltura <strong>di</strong> quest’epoca.<br />

Fino a poco tempo fa sembrava che la<br />

popolazione alpina vivesse allora per<br />

lo più <strong>di</strong> allevamento <strong>di</strong> bestiame e <strong>di</strong><br />

pastorizia. La grande varietà <strong>di</strong> resti<br />

botanici ritrovati a Velturno <strong>di</strong>mostrano<br />

invece che l’agricoltura era già alquanto<br />

1 | 2 Flowers and fruit of a dogwood tree<br />

3 Botanical remains inform us about agriculture<br />

during the late copper age..<br />

W Archaeobotanical<br />

examinations<br />

Plants and fruits<br />

The archaeobotanists explore the plant<br />

remnants which are found during<br />

excavations. Not only do they look at<br />

the natural floral environment of the<br />

time, but they also investigate the maninduced<br />

changes in the plant world.<br />

The plant remnants of Velturno are<br />

from the late Copper Age stratum. The<br />

results are important because not much<br />

was known about the growing of crops<br />

during this period. It was often assumed<br />

that the keeping of livestock prevailed at<br />

this time, the large numbers of <strong>di</strong>fferent<br />

plant species that were found in Velturno,<br />

however, suggest that the agriculture<br />

of the time was indeed advanced.<br />

It seems that in Velturno people were<br />

eating barley, emmer wheat, millet,<br />

29

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