biologia - Ganatleba
biologia - Ganatleba
biologia - Ganatleba
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1.6<br />
memkvidreobiTi materialuri masalis kvlevis istoria<br />
cila Tu dnm?<br />
gasuli saukunis Sua wlebSi bevri mecnieri muSaobda imis dasadgenad, ra nivTiereba<br />
_ cila Tu dnm, asrulebda memkvidrobiTi materialuri masalis rols. qvemoT warmogidgenT<br />
yvelaze mniSvnelovan kvlevebs.<br />
k1<br />
1928 wels frederik grifiti ikvlevda pnevmoniis (filtvebis anTebis) gamomwvev<br />
baqteriebs _ pnevmokokebs. man aRmoaCina, rom kafsuliani plevmokokebi iwveven<br />
filtvebis anTebas (radgan kafsula icavs maspinZlis imunuri sistemisgan), ukafsuloebi<br />
ki, ar iwveven filtvebis anTebas.<br />
pirobiTad, kafsuliani baqteriebis xazi aRvniSnoT rogorc PV, (pirveli asoebi<br />
sityvebisa Pneumonia _ filtvebis anTeba da Virulent-virulenturi anu daavadebis<br />
gamomwvevi), ukapsuloebi ki aRvniSnoT, rogorc NV (Nonvirulent _ aravirulen-<br />
turi).<br />
cocxali NV cocxali PV mkvdari PV<br />
I II III IV<br />
cocxali NV +<br />
mkvdari PV<br />
cdis pirvel etapze grifitma sacdeli virTagvebis erT jgufSi cocxali NV baqteriebiT<br />
savse siTxe Seiyvana. cxovelebi cocxlebi darCnen (I). virTagvebis meore jgufs Seuyvana<br />
cocxali PV baqteriebi. dasnebovnebuli virTagvebi ki ramdenime dReSi avad gaxdnen da<br />
daixocnen (II).<br />
cdis Semdeg etapze grifitma winaswar mokla PV baqteriebi maRali temperaturis<br />
zemoqmedebiT da baqteriebis Semcveli siTxe Seasxura virTagvebis sxeulSi. virTagvebi<br />
avad ar gamxdaran (III).<br />
amis Semdeg grifitma virTagvebis sxeulSi erTdroulad Seiyvana mkvdari PV da cocxali<br />
NV baqteriebis Semcveli siTxe. virTagvebi avad gaxdnen da daixocnen (IV). grifitma gamoyo<br />
daxocili cxovelebis organizmidan baqteriebi da aRmoaCina, rom NV baqteriebs gauCnda<br />
iseTive kapsula, rogoric qonda PV-s.<br />
ra moxda PV mikrobebi gacocxldnen? grifitma ivarauda, rom mkvdari kafsuliani pnevmokokebis<br />
mier gamoyofili raRac nivTierebis zegavleniT cocxali ukafsulo pnevmokokebi<br />
kafsulianebad gardaiqmneba.<br />
1. ganmarte grifitis cdis Sedegi: ratom gadarCa virTagvebis erTi nawili da ratom<br />
daiRupnen sxvebi.<br />
2. SeinarCunes Tu ara virulenturoba mkvdarma PV baqteriebma?<br />
3. rogor fiqrob, grifitma am cdiT daadgina, PV-is romeli nivTiereba _ cila Tu dnm<br />
atarebda informacias kafsuliani garsis Sesaxeb?<br />
19
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