biologia - Ganatleba
biologia - Ganatleba
biologia - Ganatleba
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20<br />
k2<br />
warmoidgine rom im periodis mecnieri xar, Sen unda gaagrZelo grifitis mier wamowyebuli<br />
kvleva da pasuxi gasce SekiTxvas: PV-s romelma nivTierebam _ cilam Tu dnm-m SesZina<br />
NV-s axali niSan-Tviseba.<br />
warmoidgine, rom SegiZlia gaimeoro grifitiseuli cda. Sens gankargulebaSia pnevmokokis<br />
orive xazi: PV da NV, sacdeli virTagvebi da SegiZlia Caataro cdis yvela procedura.<br />
imavdroulad Sen damatebiT gaqvs ori saxis fermenti: proteaza, romelic iwvevs cilis<br />
denaturacias da dezoqsiribonukleaza, romelic Slis dnm-s polimers. am enzimebiT Sen<br />
SegiZlia SerCeviTad imoqmedo pnevmokokebze da Seni survilis mixedviT gamoiwvio cilis<br />
an dnm-s molekulebis daSla.<br />
dagegme cda, Camowere misi yvela etapi;<br />
gansazRvre, rogor gamoiyeneb enzimebs, baqteriebs da sacdel cxovelebs;<br />
ivaraude, ra Sedegs miiReb da ra daskvnas gamoitan am Sedegebze dayrdnobiT.<br />
frederik grifiti osvald eiveri<br />
is cda, romelic Sen dagegme da warmosaxviT Caatare kidevac, sinamdvileSi Caatara<br />
osvald eiverim 1928 wels. eiverim daadgina, rom mkvdari PV-dan cocxal NV-Si gadasuli<br />
dnm atarebda informacias PV-s kapsulis Sesaxeb.<br />
mecnierebi yovelTvis cdiloben mravaljer gadaamowmon miRebuli faqti, raTa<br />
darwmundnen mis sisworeSi.<br />
amitom eiveris Semdgom, cdebi dnm-ze gaagrZeles marTa Ceizma da alfred herSim.<br />
Ceizma da herSim gamokvleva Caatares 1952 wels. rogorc iTqva isini cdilobdnen<br />
moepovebinaT damatebiTi eqsperimentuli mtkicebulebebi, rom dnm atarebs informacias<br />
organizmis niSan-Tvisebebis Sesaxeb.<br />
Ceizi da herSi muSaobdnen baqteriofagze. im periodisaTvis codnis done aseTi iyo:<br />
mecnierebma icodnen, rom fagi jdeba baqteriis sxeulze,<br />
xsnis garss da ujredSi SeuSvebs raRac nivTierebas, romelic<br />
atarebs informacias virusis Sesaxeb. vurusis es informacia<br />
gadaecema baqterias da mas aiZulebs daiwyos fagis<br />
dnm-isa da cilis sinTezi.<br />
virusisagebulebidangamomdinareCeizidaherSifiqrobdnen,<br />
rom es nivTiereba aris dnm an cila. maT gamoiyenes radiaqtiuri<br />
izotopebi raTa gaegoT fagis ra nivTireba Sedis<br />
baqteriis ujredSi. izotopebi asxiveben didZal energias,<br />
romlis registraciac SeiZleba specialuri xelsawyoebiT.<br />
fagebis nawili gamoiyvanes radiaqtiur fosforian garemoSi,<br />
nawili ki _ radiaqtiur gogirdian garemoSi.<br />
1. radiaqtiuli fosfori da gogirdi Sedianfagis organuli<br />
nivTierebebis SemadgenlobaSi. rogor fiqrob romel<br />
nivTierebaSi Cajdeba gogirdi da romelSi fosfori?<br />
marTa Ceizi da alfred herSi<br />
dnm<br />
baqteriofagi<br />
cilovani<br />
garsi
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