Amendment of the COM Proposal on the list of ... - Kura River Basin

Common Implementation Strategy for <strong>the</strong> 

Water Framework Directive(2000/60/EC) 

xzmjt DbsDp ejsfrujwjt )3111/60/EC*! 

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Guidance Document No 3 

ANALYSIS OF PRESSURES AND IMPACTS 

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Translation from English 

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EU Project Trans-Boundary River Management Phase II 

for <strong>the</strong> Kura River basin - Armenia Georgia Azerbaijan 

trans-sasazRvro mdinaris – mtkvris auzis menejmentis II faza 

– somxeTi, saqarTvelo, azerbaijani 

(TACIS/2007/134-398)

1 

instruqcia No 3 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi 

PREFACE 

Georgia is looking for an enhanced cooperation with <strong>the</strong> European Union. The priority areas for cooperation have been 

agreed by <strong>the</strong> Georgian Government and <strong>the</strong> European Commission in <strong>the</strong> country Strategy Paper for 2007-2013 under 

<strong>the</strong> European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument. The mutually agreed EU/Georgia Action Plan shows Georgia’s 

commitment to implement jointly agreed priorities in compliance with international and European norms and principles. 

The plan identified priority actions for key environmental sectors including water management. In <strong>the</strong> European Union 

<strong>the</strong> most important piece <strong>of</strong> legislation covering protection <strong>of</strong> water environment is <strong>the</strong> Water Framework Directive, 

which defines <strong>the</strong> key principles as well as <strong>the</strong> key objectives and <strong>the</strong> implementation plan for <strong>the</strong> management <strong>of</strong> water 

resources in <strong>the</strong> European Union. 

A common strategy for supporting <strong>the</strong> implementation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Directive has been developed by <strong>the</strong> European Union. One 

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> objectives <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> strategy is development <strong>of</strong> non-legally binding technical Guidance Documents on key 

implementation issues. This Guidance Document is intended to water management pr<strong>of</strong>essionals dealing with <strong>the</strong> analysis 

<strong>of</strong> pressures and impacts within <strong>the</strong> characterization <strong>of</strong> water bodies according to Article 5 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Directive in <strong>the</strong> broader 

context <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> integrated river basin management plans. 

We hope that publication <strong>of</strong> this Guidance Document in <strong>the</strong> Georgian language will help decision makers to better 

understand <strong>the</strong> European approach to water management and will facilitate integration <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European methodologies 

into water management legislation and practices in Georgia. 

The publication is prepared under <strong>the</strong> European Union funded regional project Trans-boundary River Management Phase 

II for <strong>the</strong> Kura River basin (TACIS/2007/134-398). The Project Partner is <strong>the</strong> Ministry <strong>of</strong> Environmental Protection and 

Natural Resources, <strong>the</strong> leading government body in setting environment and water management policies in Georgia 

April 2009 

Tbilisi 

winasityvaoba 

saqarTvelo iswrafvis evrokavSirTan TanamSromlobis garRmavebisken. am TanamSromlobis 

priorotetuli sferoebi SeTanxmebul iqna saqarTvelos xelisuflebas da evrokomisias 

Soris, rac aisaxa qveynis 2007-2013 wlebis strategiaSi, romelic SemuSavda evropuli 

samezoblo da partniorobis dokumentis farglebSi. urTierTSeTanxmebis safuZvelze 

SemuSavebuli evrokavSir/saqarTvelos samoqmedo gegma asaxavs saqarTvelos valdebulebas 

ganaxorcielos erToblivad SeTanxmebuli prioritetebi saerTaSoriso da evropul 

standartebTan SesabamisobaSi. gegmaSi ganisazRvra prioritetuli RonisZiebebi, rac unda 

ganxorcieldes sakvanZo garemosdacviT sferoebSi, wylis marTvis CaTvliT. evrokavSiris 

yvelaze mniSvnelovani sakanonmdeblo dokumenti wylis garemos mimarTebiT aris wylis 

CarCo direqtiva, romelic ZiriTad principebTan erTad gansazRvravs ZiriTad amocanebs da 

aRsrulebis gegmasac wylis resursebis marTvis sferoSi evrokavSiris masStabiT. 

evrokavSiris mier SemuSavda direqtivis aRsasruleblad mowodebuli erToblivi strategia. 

am strategiis erT-erTi amocana miznad isaxavs samarTleblivad arasavaldebulo teqnikuri 

saxelmZRvanelo dokumentaciis Seqmnas ZiriTad gansaxorcielebel sakiTxebze. es 

saxelmZRvanelo dokumenti gamiznulia wylis marTvis specialistebisaTvis, romlebic 

muSaoben wnevaTa da zemoqmedebaTa analizze wyalsatevebis daxasiaTebis farglebSi 

direqtivis 5 muxlis Sesabamisad mdinaris auzis erToblivi marTvis SemuSavebis farTo 

konteqstSi. 

vimedovnebT, rom am saxelmZvanelo dokumentis publikacia qarTul enaze daexmareba 

gadawyvetilebebis mimReb saxelmwifo moxeleebs ukeT gaerkvnen evropul midgomaSi wylis 

marTvisadmi da amvdroulad xels Seuwyobs evropuli meTodologiebis integrirebas 

saqarTvelos wylis marTvis kanonmdeblobasa da praqtikaSi. 

publikacia momzadda evrokavSiris mier dafinansebuli regionuli proeqtis, “mtkvris auzis 

sazRvarTSorisi mdinaris marTvis II faza” (TACIS/2007/134-398) farglebSi. proeqtis 

partnioria garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro, romelic wamyvan uwyebas 

warmoadgens garemosdacviTi da wylis marTvis politikis gansazRvraSi saqarTveloSi. 

aprili, 2009 w. 

Tbilisi 

The project is funded by <strong>the</strong> European Union 

and implemented by Eptisa & 1Grontmij-CarlBro consortium

2 



wylis CarCo direqtivis ganxorcielebis zogadi strategia 

(2000/60/EC) 

CarCo dokumenti #3 


SemuSavebulia samuSao jgufis 2.1-IMPRESS mier 

pasuxismgeblobis uary<strong>of</strong>a: 

es teqnikuri dokumenti SemuSavebulia TanamSromlobis programiT, romelic moicavs 

evropis komisias, yvela wevr qveyanas, axlad Sematebul qveynebs, norvegias da sxva 

monawile qveynebs da arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. amasTan, dokumenti unda ganxilul 

iqnas, rogorc erTiani SeTanxmebuli pozicia saukeTeso praqtikaze, romelsac iwonebs 

yvela monawile. ase rom, dokumentSi gamoTqmuli Sexedulebani ar warmoadgens 

aucileblad evrikomisiis Tvalsazriss. 

evropis direqtoria aris momsaxureoba, romelic gexmarebaT ipovoT pasuxebi Tqvens 

kiTxvebze evrogaerTianebis Sesaxeb. 

axali ufaso telefonis nomeria: 

00 800 67891011 

evropis gaerTianebis Sesaxeb damatebiTi informaciis didi nawili 

xelmisawvdomia internetiT. is SesaZloa movipovoT evropa serveris meSveobiT 

(http:⁄⁄europa.eu.int). 

luqsemburgi: evropis sazogadoebaTa <strong>of</strong>icialuri publikaciebis samsaxuri, 2003 

ISEBN 92-894-5123-8 

ISSN 1725-1087 

evropis sazogadoebebi, 2003 

reproduqcia nebadarTulia, mowodebuli wyaro aRiarebulia 

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winasityvaoba 

evrogaerTianebis wevrma qveynebma, norvegiam da evropis komisiam, erToblivad SeimuSaves 

saerTo strategia direqtivis 2000/60/EC 

mxardasaWerad, romelic awesebs wylis politikis sferoSi sazogadoebrivi moqmedebis 

CarCoebs. (wylis CarCo direqtiva). am strategiis ZiriTadi amocanaa moxdes am direqtivis 

Tanmimdevruli da harmoniuli ganxorcieleba. aqcenti keTdeba meTodologiur sakiTxebze, 

romelic dakavSirebulia wylis CarCo direqtivis teqnikuri da samecniero aspeqtebis 

saerTo gaazrebasTan. 

am strategiis erT-erTi moklevadiani amocanaa kanonis Zalis ara mqone, 

saxelmZRvanelo-praqtikuli dokumentaciis Seqmna direqtivis teqnikur sakiTxebze. es 

instruqcia gamiznulia eqspertebisaTvis, romelnic pirdapir an arapirdapir axorcieleben 

wylis CarCo direqtivas mdinareTa auzebSi. struqtura, wardgena da terminologia 

adaptirebulia am eqspertebis saWiroebebze da formaluri, <strong>of</strong>icialuri ena mocilebulia, 

sadac es SesaZlebelia. 

zemoTnaxsenebi strategiis konteqstiT, araformaluri samuSao jgufi mimarTulia 

daadginos zewola da Seafasos zegavlena wylis obieqtebis daxasiaTebisas direqtivis me-5 

muxlis mixedviT, romelic Sedgenilia 2001 wlis oqtomberSi da wodebulia IMPRESS –ad. 

germanias da gaerTianebul samefos gaaCniaT saerTo pasuxismgebloba proeqtis menejmentze 

da samuSao jgufis samdivnoze, romelic Sedgeba samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebis teqnikuri eqspertebisgan. 

arsebuli instruqcia aris am samuSao jgufis mier Sedgenili. is Seicavs IMPRESS – 

jgufis saqmianobisa da diskusiebis Sejamebis sinTezs, romelic SemuSavda IMPRESS – 

jgufis <strong>of</strong>icialuri daarsebis Semdgom 2001 wlis oqtombers. is dafuZnebulia eqspertebis 

farTo jgufis mier Setanil wvlilze, ukureagirebaze da mowileebze, romelnic CarTulni 

arian orientaciis SemuSavebis procesSi mitingebis, samuSao Sexvedrebis, eleqtronuli 

komunikaciis saSualebebis meSveobiT, ise rom ar arian nebismieri SemTxvevaSi misi 

SinaarsiT Sem<strong>of</strong>arglulni. 

Cven, evrogaerTianebis wylis direqtoratma, norvegiam, Sveicariam, da qveynebma 

romelnic apelireben evrogaerTianebaSi Sesasvlelad, ganvixileT da davamtkiceT es 

instruqcia kopendagenSi, daniis xelmZRvanelobiT mimdinare araformaluri Sexvedris dros 

(2002 wlis 21/22 noemberi). Cven gvinda rom madloba gadavuxadoT samuSao jgufis 

monawileebs, kerZod liderebs, isobel austins da volker mohaupts aseTi maRali xarisxis 

mqone dokumentis SemuSavebisaTvis. 

Cven Rrmad varT darwmunebulni, rom es da sxva instruqciebi SemuSavebulni saerTo 

strategiis realizaciisaTvis gadamwyvet rols Seasruleben wylis CarCo direqtivis 

ganxorcilebis procesSi. 

es instruqcia warmoadgens cocxal dokuments, romelic saWiroebs gangrZobil 

Zalisxmevas da gaumjobesebas, rogorc gviCvenebs misi gamoyeneba da gamocdileba, romelic 

miiReba evrogaerTianebis yvela qveyanaSi da mis gareT. amasTan, Cven veTanxmebiT, rom es 

dokumenti misi amJamindeli formiT xelmisawvdomi iyos sazogadod, raTa ufro farTo 

sazogadoebriobas warvudginoT, rogorc etapobrivad mimdinare samuSaos realizaciis 

safuZveli. 

ufro metic, Cven mivesalmebiT, rom zogma moxalisem Tavis Tavze aiRo am da sxva 

dokumentebis Semowmeba da Sefaseba egreT wodebul pilotur mdinareTa auzebSi evropis 

gaswvriv 2003 da 2004 wlebSi, raTa darwmunebuliyvnen rom instruqcia gamoyenebadia 

praqtikaSi. 

Cven aseve movaled CvTvaleT Tavi, Segvefasebina da gadagvewyvita am dokumentis gadaxedvis 

aucilebloba piloturi savarjiSo Semowmebebis Semdgom da pirveli gamocdilebis miRebis 

Sedegad, proeqtis ganxorcielebis sawyis etapebze. 

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4 

winasityvaoba 

mimoxilva/ mokle Sejameba 

Sinaarsis CamonaTvali 



1. direqtivis ganxorcieleba: scenaris Sedgena 

dekemberi 2000: ZiriTadi dabrkoleba wylis politikisaTvis 

wylis CarCo direqtiva: axali gamowvevebi evrogaerTianebis wylis politikaSi 

ra unda gakeTdes, rom xeli SevuwyoT ganxorcielebas? 

2. wlis CarCo direqtivis zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi –erTiani gageba. 

2.1 WFD moTxovnaTa gamoZaxili 

2.1.1. moTxovnilebani zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizTan 

dakavSirebiT. 

2.1.2. kavSirebi sxva Sesatyvis moTxovnebTan da Sesabamisi drois 

farglebi 

2.2 ZiriTadi terminebi 

2.3. Sesatyvisi ganxilva 

2.3.1. wylis infrastruturis gansazRvrebebi 

2.3.2. CarCoebis dawesebis sakiTxebi 

2.3.3. dawyebis sxvadasxva wertilebi 

2.3.4. wlis obieqtebis dajgufeba 

2.3.5 gaurkvevlobebis gaTvaliswineba 

2.3.6 amocanebis gaazreba 

2.3.7 gruntis wylebi 

2.4 procesis mokle Sinaarsi da saWiro moqmedebebi 

2.3. ZiriTadi midgoma zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa procesis analiziTan 

3.1. Sesavali 

3.1.1 vin unda iyos CarTuli zewolis da zegavlenaTa procesis analizSi. 

3.2. xelSemwyobi Zalebis da winaaRmdegobebis identificireba 

3.3. mniSvnelovani zewolis dadgena 

3.4 zegavlenaTa Sefaseba 

3.5 mdinareTa auzebis doneze Sesabamisi dambinZureblebis SerCeva 

3.5.1 Sesavali 

3.5.2. zogadi midgoma 

3.6 amocanebis Seusruleblobis riskis Sefaseba 

3.7 midgoma konceptualuri modeliT 

3.8 analogiuri wylis obietebis gamoyeneba 

3.9 specifikuri ganxilvebi gruntis wylebis obieqtebis daxasiaTebisaTvis 

3.10 rekomendaciebi zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis mosaxseneblad 

3.11. zedapiruli wylebis ganxilva 

3.12 gruntis wylebis ganxilva 

4. saSualebani (iaraRebi) winaaRmdeobis da zegavlenis analizis dasaxmareblad 

4.1 Sesavali da mimoxilva 

4.2 winaaRmdegobaTa CamonaTvali 

4.3 midgomaTa skriningi ZiriTadi midgomis farglebSi 

4.4 ricxobrivi modelebis gamoyenebis sabaziso ganxilva 

4.5 saSualebaTa (iaraRebis) identifikacia: saWiroebis Sedareba arsebulTan da 

magaliTebTan 

4.5.1 saSualebebi mdinareebisaTvis 

4.5.2 saSualebebi tbebisaTvis da sagubrebisaTvis 

4

5 



4.5.3 saSualebebi gruntis wylebisaTvis 

4.5.4 saSualebebi gamavali wylebisaTvis 

4.5 Sejameba, daskvnebi 

5. informaciis saWirobani da monacemTa wyaroebi 

5.1 zogadi informacia 

5.1.1 aRwerilobiTi informacia, romelic Sesatyviseba wylis obieqtebs 

5.1.2. mTavari mowileebi, romelnic SesaZloa CarTulni iyvnen IMPRESS analizSi 

5.2 informacia zewolebze 

5.2.1 informacia dabinZurebis wyaroTa adgilebze 

5.2.2informacia dabinZurebis difuzur wyaroebze 

5.2.3 informacia wylis gadinebaze 

5.2.4 informacia wylis dinebis regulaciaze 

5.2.5 informacia morfologiur zewolebze 

5.2.6 informaciazewolebze xmeleTis gamoyenebis magaliTebidan 

5.2.7 informacia sxva zewolebze 

5.3 informacia zegavlenebze 

5.3.1 informacia mgrZnobelobaze/wylis obieqtebix daucveloba 

5.3.2 garemos monacemebi 

6. mimdinare praqtikis magaliTebi romelic Seesabameba FzewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizs 

7. Semajamebeli SeniSvnebi 

8. damowmebani 

danarTi I ganxorcielebis zogadi strategia da misi samuSao jgufi 

danarTi II terminebis leqsikoni 

danarTi III IMPRESS samuSao jgufis monawileni da sxva sasargeblo kontaqtebi 

danarTi IV magaliTebis moyvana saSualebebisaTvis (danarTi Tavi 4-ze). 

danarTi V SemTxvevaTa Seswavla 

mimoxilva / gaweuli samuSaos Sejameba 

ra aris am instruqcias mizani? 

am dokumentis mizania megzuroba gauwios eqspertebs da mewileebs direqtiva 2000/60/EC 

ganxorcielebaSi, romelic awesebs CarCos sazogadoebrivi qmedebisaTvis wylis politikis 

sferoSi (wylis CarCo direqtiva - ,,direqtiva”). is mimarTulia moaxdinos zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa analizi wylis obieqtebis daxasiaTebis dros muxli 5 –is Sesabamisad, 

mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis erTiani gegmis ganviTarebis farTo konteqstiT, rogorc amas 

moiTxovs direqtiva. 

visken aris mimarTuli es instruqcia? 

Tu es Tqveni movaleobaa, gvjera rom es instruqcia dagexmarebaT samuSaos SesrulebaSi, 

Tu Tqven: 

• axdenT zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizs; 

• xarT wamyvani da mmarTveli eqspertebi, romelnic axdenT zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizs. 

• monawileobT rogorc mewileebi Sefasebis procesSi; 

• iyenebT zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Sedegebs gadawyvetilebis misaRebad da 

mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmis SemuSavebis xelSesawyobad; 

• an 

• moaxsenebT zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Sesaxeb evrokomisias, rogorc amas 

moiTxovs direqtiva. 

ra SegiZliaT aRmoaCinoT am instruqciaSi 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa zogadi gaazreba wlis CarCo direqtivaSi (Tavi 2) 

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• rogoria zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis roli direqtivis ganxorcielebis 

procesSi? 

• rogor Seuwyobs xels analizi wlis obieqtebis daxasiaTebas, romelic unda 

Sesruldes direqtivis me-5 muxlis mixedviT, rogor gaamdidrebs es analizi 

monitoringis programis, mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmis SemuSavebas da 

SefasebaTa programebs; 

• ra aris analizis ZiriTadi terminebi (magaliTad, mniSvnelovani zewolebi, wylis 

obieqtebi, romelnic direqtivis amocanebis CaSlis safrTxis risks atareben)? 

• ra aris direqtivis amocanebi? 

ZiriTadi midgoma zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis mimarT (Tavi 3) 

• rogoria mTliani midgoma, ra ZiriTadi samuSao nabijebia mowodebuli analizis 

Casatareblad? 

• romeli meTodebia mowodebuli zedapiruli wylebisaTvis, rom 

&ganisazRvros xelSemwyobi Zalebi, zewolebi da mniSvnelovani zewolebi? 

& Semowmdes wlis obieqtebis mgrZnobiaroba zewolebis da zegavlenaTa 

simwvavis mimarT? 

& Sefasdes amocanaTa Seusruleblobis riski? 

romelia meTodebia mowodebuli gruntis wylebisaTvis, rom: 

& moxdes sawyisi daxasiaTeba? 

& moxdes Semdgomi daxasiaTeba ,,riskis mtarebel “ gruntis 

wylis obieqtebze da obieqtebze, romelnic kveTaven wevri 

qveynebis sazRvrebs? 

saSualebebis krebuli (Tavi 4) 

• romeli specifikuri saSualebebi (rogoricaa monacemebi, klasifikaciis sistemebi da 

modelebi) aris xelmisawvdomi zewolisa da zegavlenis analizis xelSesawyobad? 

monacemebisa da informaciis wyaroebi (Tavi 5) 

• sad moiZiebT informacias da monacemebs romelic saWiroa seqcia 3-Si mocemuli 

analizis Casatareblad an me-4 seqciaSi naxsenebi saSualebebis xelSesawyobad? 

mimdinare praqtikis magaliTi (Tavi 6) 

• kargi praqtikis romeli Tanamedrove magaliTebia xelmisawvdomi analizis sul cota 

erT aspeqtTan mimarTebaSi? 

am saorientacio dokumentis meTodologia morgebuli unda iyos regionalur da 

nacionalur pirobebTan. 

instruqcia gansazRvravs mTlian process da asocirebul, ZiriTad nabijebs. 

evrogaerTianebis SigniT pirobebis sxvadasxvaobis gamo, analizis Catarebis meTodi icvleba 

erTi mdinaris auzidan meoremde. mowodebuli meTodologia unda morgebul iqnas 

specifikur pirobebTan.. 

frTxilad! 

ras ver aRmoaCenT am instruqciaSi. 

instruqcia #3 

instruqcia fokusirdeba ,,mimoixilos adamianis moqmedebis zegavlena zedapiruli da 

gruntis wylebis mdgomareobaze “ muxli 5-is da damateba II-is (1.2,1.5 da 2.) mixedviT. es 

Semdgom exmareba SemuSavdes mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmebi da gazomvaTa 

programebi. instruqcia specifikurad fokusirdeba direqtivis 2004 moTxovnilebaze. 

saorientacio dokumenti ar fokusirdeba: 

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• rogor Camoweros Zlierad Secvlili wylis obieqtebi( ixileT WED CIS 

saorientacio dokumenti #4, xelovnuri da Zlierad Secvlili (modificirebuli) 

wylis obieqtebis Camoweris Sesaxeb; 

• rogor moawyos monitoringis programebi (ixileT WED CIS saorientacio dokumenti 

#, monitoringis Sesaxeb; 

• rogor miviRoT zomebi direqtivis miznebis misaRwevad (ixileT WED CIS 

saorientacio dokumenti # 9, saukeTeso praqtikis Sesaxeb mdinareTa auzebis 

dagegmarebaze; 

1. direqtevis ganxorcieleba: scenaris dadgma 

es seqcia warmogvidgens wylis CarCo direqtivis (WFD) ganxorcielebis mTlian konteqsts 

da iniciativebs, romelTac mivyavarT am instruqciis Seqmnisaken. 

2000 dekemberi: dabrkolebebi wlis politikaSi. 

xangrZlivi molaparakebis procesi 

22 dekemberi, 2000, darCeba dabrkolebad wylis politikis istoriaSi, evropaSi. am TariRis 

dros, WFD ( an 2000/60/EC evropis parlamentis da 2000 wlis 23 oqtombris sabWos direqtiva 

romelic afuZnebs CarCoebs sazogadoebrivi qmedebisaTvis wylis politikis sferoSi.) 

daibeWda evropis sazogadoebaTa <strong>of</strong>icialur JurnalSi da amgvarad Sevida ZalaSi 

WFD warmoadgens xuT welze meti xnis diskusiis da molaparakebebis procesis Sedegs 

eqspertTa mravalricxovan jgufs, mowileebsa da politikis Semqmnelebs Soris. am procesma 

xazi gausva farTo SeTanxmebas wylis Tanamedrove menejmentis wamyvani principebis Sesaxeb, 

romelic dRes safuZvels uyris WFD-s daarsebas. 

wylis CarCo direqtiva: axa;li gamowvevebi evrogaerTianebis wlis politikaSi. 

ra aris am direqtivis mizani? 

WFD safuZvels udebs infrastruqturas wylis yvela obieqtis dasacavad ( zedapiruli 

wylebis, gamavali wylebis, sanapiro wylebis da gruntis wylebis CaTvliT), romelnic 1 

muxlis mixedviT: 

• icavs Semdgomi dabinZurebisagan, icavs da afarToebs wlis wyaroebis statuss; 

• xels uwyobs wylis safuZvlian gamoyenebas, romelic damyarebulia wylis 

rezervuarebis grZelvadian dacvaze. 

• miznad isaxavs specifikuri zomebis meSveobiT wliani garemos dacvasa da 

gaumjobesebas, raTa Semcirdes gadineba, progresuli gadineba da ZiriTadi 

nivTierebebis kargva da Sewydes an Semcirdes dacla, gadineba da ZiriTadi 

gasafrTxilebeli nivTierebebis kargva; 

• uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>s gruntis wylebis dabunZurebis progresul Semcirebas, 

da icavs Semdgomi dabinZurebisagan; da 

• xels uwobs wyaldidobisa da gvalvis efeqtebis Semcirebas. 

da ra aris ZiriTadi mizani? 

mTlianobaSi, direqtiva mizanad isaxavs miaRwios wlis karg mdgomareobas yvela 

wylebisaTvis 2015 wlisaTvis. 

ra ZiriTadi zomebi unda miiRos wevrma qveynebma? 

• gansazRvros calkeuli mdinareTa auzebi, romelnic gadian maT nacionalur 

teretoriaze da miekuTvnos isini mdinareTa auzebis individualur raionebs (RBDs) 

da ganisazRvros 2003 wlis kompetenturi avtoritetebi (muxli 3, muxli 4.) 

• daxasiaTdes mdinareTa auzebis raionebi wylis gamoyenebis ekonomiis, zewolisa da 

zegavlenebis pirobebis mixedviT. daculi areebis registraciiT, romelic gadis 

mdinareTa auzebis raionze 2004 wlisaTvis. 

(muxli 5, muxli 6, damateba II, damateba III). 

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• evrokomisiasTan erTad da gaerTianebulad moxdes ekologiuri mdgomareobis 

klasifikaciis sistemis Camoyalibeba (muxli 2 (22), damateba V); 

• amoqmeddes monitoringis sistemebi 2006 wlisaTvis (muxli 5). 

• sarwmuno monitoringze da da mdinareTa auzebis maxasiaTeblebze dayrdnobiT, WFD-s 

garemos dacvis miznebis misaRwevad misaRebi zomebis gansazRvra optimaluri 

danaxarjebiT 2009 wlisaTvis (muxli II, damateba III). 

• mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmebis Seqmna da gamoqveyneba (RBMPs) 

TiToeuli RBD-sTvis da Zlier modificirebuli wlis obieqtebis 

aRniSvna 2009 wlisaTvis (muxli 13, muxli 4.3). 

• wylis fasebis politikis Camoyalibeba, rac aZlierebs wylis wyaroebis 

uwyvetobas (simyares) 2010 wlisaTvis (muxli 9). 

• programuli zomebis amoqmedeba 2012 wlisaTvis (muxli 11). 

• programuli zomebis ganxorcieleba da garemos miznebis miRweva 2015 wlisaTvis 

(muxli 4). 

wevri qveynebi yovelTvis ver SeZleben yvela wylis obieqtze miaRwion wylis karg 

mdgomareobas RBD-s farglebSi 2015 wlisaTvis 

SesaZleblobaTa mizezebiT, bunebrivi pirobebis an araproporciuli xarjebis gamo. aseTi 

pirobebis dros, romelic specifikurad unda iqnas ganmartebuli Sesatyvis RBMP-Si, WFD 

wevr qveynebs sTavazobs SesaZleblobas, rom 

CaerTon dagegmarebisa da zomebis ganxorcielebis or, Semdgom 6 wlian ciklSi ( 2007 

wlamde). rodesac miznebis miuRwevloba gansazRvrulia garemos pirobebiT, es periodi 

SesaZloa gagrZeldes 2027 wlis Semdgomac. 

menejmentis procesis cvlileba – informacia, konsultaciebi da monawileoba 

direqtivis me-14 muxli azustebs, rom wevrma qveynebma unda waaxalison yvela 

dainteresebuli mxaris Cabma direqtivis ganxorcielebaSi da mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis 

gegmebSi. agreTve, wevri qveynebi miawvdian informacias da konsultaciebs gaivlian 

sazoagadoebasTan momxmareblebis CaTvliT, kerZod: 

• drois ganrigi da samuSao programa mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmebis 

Sesaqmnelad da konsultaciebis roli araugvianes 2006 wlisaTvis. 

• mdinareTa auzebis mniSvnelovani wylis sakiTxebis menejmentis mimoxilva 

araugvianes 2007 wlisaTvis. 

• mdinareTa auzebis gegmis proeqti araugvianes 2008 wlisaTvis. 

integracia: ZiriTadi koncefcia, romelic safuZvlad udevs wylis CarCo direqtivas. 

wylis CarCo direqtivis mTavari koncefcia aris integraciis koncefcia, romelic wamyvania 

wlis dacvis menejmentisaTvis mdinaris auzebis regionSi.: 

* garemos miznebis integracia: xarixis, ekologiuri da raodenobrivi amocanebis 

kombinireba wylis maRali Rirebulebis ekosistemebis dasacavad da sxva wylebis zogadi, 

kargi mdgomareobis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>a. 

• wylis yvela resursebis integracia: mtknari zedapiruli wylebis da gruntis 

wylebis obieqtebis, sveli niadagebis, sanapiro wylis resursebis gaerTianeba 

mdinareTa auzebis farglebSi. 

• yvela saxis wylis gamoyenebis, funqciis da Rirebulebis saerTo politikis 

CarCoebSi gaerTianeba. e.i wylis gamokvleva garemosaTvis, 

• janmrTelobisa da adamianebis mier moxmarebisaTvis, wyali ekonomikuri 

seqtorisaTvis, transportisaTvis, dasvenebisaTvis, wyali rogorc socialuri sikeTe 

(moxmarebis sagani). 

• dargebis integracia, gamocdilebis analizi, hidrologiis, hidravlikis, ekologiis, 

qimiis, niadagmcodneobis, teqnologiis inJineriis da ekonomikis gaerTianeba raTa 

gaanalizdes mimdinare zewola da zemoqmedebani wylis resursebze da dadgindes 

saWiro zomebi dirqtiviT gaTvaliswinebuli garemos amocanebis gadasawyvetad 

saxsrebis maqsimalurad efeqturi gamoyenebiT. 

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• wylis kanonmdeblobis integracia saerTo Tanmimdevrul CarCoSi. wylis zogierTi 

Zveli dadgenilebis moTxovnilebani ( e.w. Tevzisa da wylis direqtiva) gadakeTebul 

iqna wylis CarCo direqtivad Tanamedrove ekologiuri azrovnebis Sesabamisad. 

gardamavali periodis Semdgom es Zveli direqtivebi gauqmdeba. kanonmdeblobis sxva 

nawilebi (nitratebis direqtiva, da urbanuli uvargisi wylis gajansaRebis direqtiva) 

unda koordinirebul iqnas mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmaSi, sadac isini qmnian 

programebis da RonisZiebebis safuZvels. 

• yvela mniSvnelovani menejmentisa da ekologiuri aspeqtis integracia mdinareTa 

auzebis myari gegmis Sesabamisad, imaTi CaTvliT, romelnic scildebian wylis CarCo 

direqtivis farglebs, rogoricaa wyaldidobisagan dacva da prevencia. 

• mTeli rigi RonisZiebebis integracia, fasebis dadgenis, ekonomikuri da finansuri 

instrumentebis CaTvliT, marTvis erTiani midgomaSi, direqtiviT gaTvalsiwinebuli 

garemos amocanebis Sesasruleblad. RonisZiebaTa programebi gansazRvrulia 

mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmiT, romelic SemuSavebuli mdinareTa auzebis 

TiToeuli regionisaTvis. 

• mewileTa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis gaerTianeba gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi 

gamWvirvalobiT da informaciis miwodebiT sazoagadoebisaTvis, da mewileebisaTvis 

unikaluri SesaZleblobis SeTavazebiT CaerTon mdinareTa auzebis marTvis gegmebis 

SemuSavebaSi. 

• wylis resursebze da wylis mdgomareobaze zegavlenis mqone, 

gadawyvetilebis mimRebi sxvadasxva doneebis integracia, iqnebian isini 

adgilobrivi, regionaluri Tu nacionaluri, yvela saxis wylebis 

efeqtur menjmentSi. 

• sxvadasxva wevri qveynebis integracia ramodenime qveynisTvis saerTo 

mdinareTa auzebis wylebis menejmentSi, evrogaerTianebaSi arsebuli da/an momavali 

wevri qveynebis CaTvliT. 

1.3. ra gakeTda ganxorcielebis xelSesawyobad? 

WFD –s ganxorcielebis xelSesawyobi moqmedebani amJamad mimdinareobs orive wevr 

qveyanaSi da qveynebSi, romelnic arian evrogaerTianebis wevrobis kandidatebi. qmedebaTa 

magaliTebi moicaven sazogadoebis gaTviTcnobierebas, erovnuli orientirebis 

SemuSavebas, pilotur qmedebebs, romelnic direqtivis da mTliani dagegmvis procesis 

specifikuri elementebis gamocdas warmoadgens. ganxilvebs sainstitucio CarCoebSi an 

kvleviTi programebis wamowyebas, romelic eZRvneba WFD-s. 

2001 wlis maisi-Svecia: wevri qveynebi, norvegia da evropis komisia SeTanxmda saerTo 

strategiis ganxorcielebaze (CIS). 

am strategiis mTavari amocanaa xeli Seuwyon WFD-s ganxorcielebas saerTo da 

Tanmimdevruli gagebisa da orienteris SemuSavebiT direqticis ZiriTad elementebze. am 

saerTo strategiis mTavari principebi moicavs informaciisa da gamocdilebis gaziarebas, 

saerTo meTodologiis da midgomis SemuSavebas, kandidati qveynebis eqspertebis CarTvas da 

mewileebis CarTvas wylis sferos warmomadgenlobidan. 

saerTo gansaxorcielebeli strategiis konteqstidan gamomdinare Sedga mTeli rigi 

samuSao jgufebi da daiwyo gaerTianebuli Zalisxmeva kanonis Zalis aramqone instruqciis 

(ix. damateba 1) amoqmedebisa da testirebisaTvis. strategiuli sakoordinacio jgufi 

zedamxedvelobs am samuSao jgufebs da angariSs abarebs pirdapir evrogaerTianebis wylis 

direqtorats da komisias, romelnic asruleben CIS gadawyvetilebaTa mimRebi ZiriTadi 

organos funqcias 

IMPRESS samuSao jgufi. 

Aam strategiis konteqstiT, Camoyalibda samuSao jgufi romelic direqtivis me-5 muxlis 

mixedviT gankuTvnilia zewolebis dasadgenad da zemoqmedebaTa Sesafaseblad wylis 

obieqtebis daxasiaTebisas. Aam samuSao jgufis ZiriTadi moklevadiani amocana gaxldaT 

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WFD-s farglebSi, mocemul sakiTxze kanonis Zalis ara mqone praqtikuli instruqciis 

SemuSaveba romelic daiwyo 2001 wlis oqtomberSi da saxeldebul iqna rogorc IMPRESS. 

Ggermanias da gaerTianebul samefos gaaCniaT saerTo pasuxismgebloba proeqtis menejmentze 

da samuSao jgufis samdivnoze, romelic Sedgeba samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebis teqnikuri eqspertebisgan. 

imisaTvis, rom uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>il iqnas adeqvaturi Zalisxmeva da ukugeba orientiris 

Sesrulebis fazaSi ufro farTo reviziis meSveobiT, da instruqciis adreuli versiis 

Sesafaseblad, IMPRESS jgufma moawyo ramodenime ganxilva da ukugebis diskusiebi 

mitingebisa da samuSao Sexvedrebis saxiT. 

saorientacio dokumentis SemuSaveba: interaqtiuli procesi 

drois xanmokle periodis ganmavlobaSi, eqspertebis didi raodenoba da mewileebi 

sxvadasxva xarisxiT iyvnen CarTulni instruqciis SemuSavebaSi. maTi CarTulobis procesi 

moicavda Semdeg qmedebebs: 

• IMPRESS 40- plius eqspertebisa da mewile wevrebis regularuli 

Sexvedrebi 

• Mmudmivi urTierTobebi saerTo gansaxorcielebeli strategiis sxva 

samuSao jgufebTan, ZiriTadad maTTan, visac saqme hqonda ekonomiur 

analizTan, Zlier modificirebuli wylis obieqtebis dagegmarebasTan, 

saCvenebel pirobebTan da monitoringTan. 

Tqven SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT eqspetrebs, romelnic Cabmulni arian 

IMPRESS saqmianobaSi 

IMPRESS wevrebis CamonaTvali sruli sakontaqto detalebiT SesaZlebelia moiZebnos am 

instruqciis damateba III-Si. 

Tu Tqven gWirdebaT daxmareba Tqvens saqmianobaSi, daukavSirdiT IMPRESS warmomadgenels 

Tqvens qveyanaSi. 

2. wylis CarCo direqtivaSi zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi – erTiani gageba 

2.1. WFD moTxovnilebaTa gamoZaxili 

2.1.1 zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analiziTan dakavSirebuli moTxovnilebani 

wina TavSi naTeli gaxda WFD-s mizani, da gaerTianebis mniSvneloba am miznebis misaRwevad. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis aucilebloba gancxadebulia WFD-s me-5 muxlSi , 

romelic moiTxovs mdinareTa auzebis TiToeuli regionisaTvis: 

• misi maxasiaTeblebis analizs. 

• zedapirul da gruntis wylebze adamianTa saqmianobis zemoqmedebis 

mimoxilvas 

• wylis moxmarebis ekonomikur analizs. 

instruqcia eZRvneba am moTxovnilebebidan meores, magram mTlianad unda iyos Serwymuli 

ekonomikur analizTan, risTvisac orientiri SemuSavda ekonomikuri analizis samuSao 

jgufis mier (WATECO) (ixileT WFD instruqcia #1). WFD adgens amocanebs romelnic 

gansazRvrulia muxli 5-iT, romelic dasrulda 2004 wlisaTvis. SemdgomSi isini gadaixedeba 

2013 wlisaTvis da Semdeg yovels 6 weliwadSi (2019, 2025). Camoyalibda ra WFD-s sruli 

mizani, 2004 wels Catarebuli analizis dros gaTvaliswinebul iqna, TiToeuli wylis 

obieqtis mimdinare mdgomareoba da gakeTda prognozi 2015 wlisaTvis. Aamgvarad, 

WFD iwyebs Sefasebis, ganmeorebisa da gaumjobesebis uwyvet process. 

zegavlenaTa mimoxilvis dazusteba mocemulia WFD-s damateba II, seqcia 1 –Si zedapiruli 

wylebisTvis, da damateba II seqcia q, kerZod: 

1. zedapiruli wylis obieqtebis tipebis daxasiaTeba 

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2. ekoregionebi da zedapiruli wylebis obieqtebis tipebi 

3. tip-specifikuri sarekomendacio pirobebis dadgena zedapiruli wylis 

obieqtebisaTvis; 

4. zewolaTa dadgena 

5. zegavlenaTa Sefaseba 

es instruqcia eZRvneba am procesis bolo or nawils, magram naTelia, rom mWidro kavSirSia 

daxasiaTebaTan da sarekomendacio(saCvenebeli) pirobebis dadgenasTan. 

CIS ori calkeuli samuSao jgufi gvawvdis orientirs sarekomendacio pirobebze miwis 

zedapirul wylebTan mimarTebaSi (REFCOND) da topologiasa da klasifikaciis sistemebze 

gamdinare da sanapiro wylebTan mimarTebaSi (COAST) (ixileT WFD CIS instruqcia #10 da 5., 

Sesatyvisad). 

WFD moiTxovs inforaciis Sekrebas da Senaxvas mniSvnelovani antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri zewolebis 

tipze da simZlavreze, da migviTiTebs zewolebis farTo kategorizaciaze Semdegnairad: 

• dabinZurebis wertilovani wyaroebi 

• dinebis reJimis modificirebis efeqtebi regulaciis danawilebiT 

• morfologiuri cvlilebebi 

• aseve unda ganisazRvros nebismieri sxva zewola anu iseTi, romelic ar 

jdeba am kategoriaSi. 

• Aamas garda, aris moTxovna gaTvaliswinebul iqnas xmeleTze gamoyenebis 

paternebi (magaliTad dasaxlebebis, industriuli, sas<strong>of</strong>lo-sameurneo, 

tyis meurneobis da sxva) radgan es SesaZloa gamosadegi iyos im 

adgilebis misaTiTeblad, sadac arsebobs specifikuri zewolebi. 

zegavlenaTa Sefasebisas unda gamoyenebul iqnas orive, informacia zewolebis Sesaxeb da 

nebismieri sxva informacia, magaliTad garemos monitoringis monacemebi, albaTobis 

gansazRvra, rom zedapiruli wylis obieqtis xarisxi ar Seesabameba garemos amocanebs. Oim 

obieqtebisaTvis, romelnic atareben specifikur amocanaTa Seusruleblobis risks, 

aucilebelia gaTvalisiwinebul iqnas damatebiTi monitoringisa da programuli 

RonisZiebebis ganxorcieleba. 

Ggruntis wylebi 

gansxvavebuli procesia aRwerili WFD-s damateba II, seqcia 2-Si, da Sedgeba xuTi 

nawilisagan, kerZod: 

1. sawyisi daxasiaTeba, romelic moicavs zewolaTa gansazRvras da amocanebis 

Seusruleblobis riskebis dadgenas. 

2. riskis qveS my<strong>of</strong>i gruntis wylebis Semdgom daxasiaTebas. 

3. gruntis wylebze adamianTa moqmedebis zegavlenis mimoxilvas sazRvrebs gadamkveTi 

da riskis qveS my<strong>of</strong>i gruntis wylebisaTvis. 

4. gruntis wylebis doneTa cvlilebebis zegavlenis mimoxilva gruntis wylebis 

obieqtebisaTvis, romelTaTvisac pirveladi amocanebi dgindeba 4,5. muxlebis mixedviT 

da, 

5. dabinZurebis zegavlenis ganxilva gruntis wylebis xarisxze, romelTaTvisac 

pirveladi amocanebi unda dadgindes; 

instruqcia exeba am procesis yvela mxares. zewolebi gansazRvruli WFD-s damateba II, qveseqcia 

2.1-Si Seesatyviseba zedapiruli wylebisaTvis dadgenil pirvel sam kategorias, 

kerZod: 

• dabinZurebis wertilovani wyaroebi 

• dabinZurebis Sereuli wyaroebi; da 

• wylis doneebisa da dinebis cvlilebebi, romelic gamowveulia gamoy<strong>of</strong>iT 

• instruqcia #3 


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

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2.1.2 kavSirebi sxva specifikur moTxovnebTan da asocirebuli drois farglebi 

wnevebisa da zegavlenaTa analizi warmoadgens dagegmarebis procesis mxolod erT 

elements, Tanxlebuls sxva elementebiT romelnic amdidrebdnen mimoxilvas, an 

damokidebulni arian mis gamosavalze (grafiki 2.2). 

amocanebi 

 

adamianTa moqmedebis 

analizi 

ekonomikuri 

analizi 

 

monitoringis 

programis 

mimoxilva 

 

arsebuli 

informacia 

da monacemebi 

 

wnevaTa da 

zegavlenaTa 

analizi 

 

RonisZiebaTa 

programa 

grafiki 2.2 dagegmvis procesis elementebi 

am didi procesis erT-erTi yvelaze fundamenturi elementia garemos amocanebis dadgena 

(muxli 4) radgan zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa mimoxilvis procesma unda gamoavlinos wylis 

obieqtebi, romelnic ver asruleben an sariskoa, rom ver Seasruleben gansazRvrul 

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amocanas. amocanebi damokidebulni arian mTlian mizanze miRweul iqnas kargi mdgomareoba 

2015 wlisaTvis, da SesaZlebelia damatebiT specifikur amocanaze, romelic ganekuTvneba 

dacul areebs da gansazRvrulia sxva kanonmdeblobiT. amocanebi aseve damokidebulni arian 

wylis obieqtis mimdinare mdgomareobaze, ise rom wevrma qveynebma, ZiriTadad, unda 

moaxdinon maTi mdgomareobis gauaresebis pr<strong>of</strong>ilaqtika. 

amocanebi SemdgomSi ganxilulia seqcia 2.3.-Si. 

grZelvadian farglebSi, Tu ramdenad miRweulia miznebi, Sefasdeba wylis obieqtebis 

qimiuri da ekologiuri mdgomareobis mixedviT. pirveli mimoxilvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani 

amocana 2004 wlisaTvis aris wylis menejmentis sakiTxebis gaazreba mdinaris TiToeuli 

auzisaTvis da rogor zemoqmedebas axdenen isini TiToeul, individualur wylis obieqtze. 

es SesaZloa ganxilul iqnas, rogorc mogvianebiT stadiaze damatebiTi ganxilvisa da 

analizis winaswari skriningi. aRniSnuli skriningi gamokveTavs sakiTxebs, romelnic 

ganxilul unda iqnas mdinareTa auzis menejmentis gegmis Sedgenisas 

(RBMP), da is aseve gamoavlens monacemebisa da codnis garkveul deficits , romelic unda 

Seivsos RBMP-s da monitoringis programis Sedgenis procesSi. 

faqtori, romelic zegavlenas axdens amocanebis dadgenaze gulisxmobs wylis obieqtis 

Camoweras, rogorc xelovnurs an Zlier modificirebuls (muxli 4). orienteri aseTi 

CamowerisaTvis mocemulia, xelmisawvdomia WFD CIS saorientacio dokumentSi #4. amasaTan, 

sanam 2009 wlamde HMWBs Camowera ar damTavrdeba, HMWBs orientiris ZiriTadi principebi 

gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas zewolebis da zegavlenebis sawyisi gaanalizebis dros. 

WeSmaritad, es ori procesi danaxul unda iqnas, rogorc mWidrod urTierTmoqmedi 

paraleluri procesi, da ara damoukidebeli moqmedebani. 

WFD awesebs amocanebis garkveul ricxvs zedapiruli da gruntis wylebisTvis 

da wnevebisa da zegavlenaTa analiziT unda Sefasdes TiToeuli amocanis Cavardnis riski. 

amocanebi moicaven axal ekologiur miznebs, romelTa miRweva SesaZloa komprometirebul 

iyos mTeli rigizewolebiT, romelnic moicaven wertilovani wyaroebis daclas, difuzuri 

wyaroebis daclas, wylis gadinebas, wylis dinebis regulacias, morfologiur cvlilebebs, 

da gruntis wylebis xelovnur gadaclas. Es da sxva nebismieri zewola, romelTac 

SesaZloa zemoqmedeba moaxdinon wylis ekosistemebis mdgomareobaze gaTvaliswinebul unda 

iqnas analizisaTvis. 

WFD moiTxovs misi ZiriTdi amocanebis Sesrulebas; zedapiruli wylis karg mdgomareobas 

da gruntis wylebis karg mdgomareobas yvelaze gvian 2015 wlis bolosaTvis;, sanam muxlebi 

4.3-4.7 moqmedebaSia. Sesatyvisad, zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi unda iTvaliswinebdes, 

Tu rogor unda ganviTardes zewolebi 2015 wlamde ise, rom wylis obieqtebi riskis qveS 

aRmoCndnen, rom ver miaRwion karg mdgomareobas, Tu Sesatyvisi programuli RonisZiebebi ar 

daigegmeba da ganxorcieldeba. es moiTxovs gaTvaliswinebul iqnas arsebuli 

kanonmdeblobis da prognozebis efeqtebi da rogor CairTvebian droTa ganmavlobaSi is 

ZiriTadi ekonimikuri faqtorebi, romelnic moqmedeben wylis moxmarebaze, da rogor 

SeiZleba zemoqmedebdnen wylis garemos zewolebze es cvlilebani (ixileT WFD CIS instruqcia 

#3). aseTi prognozebi unda mowodebul iqnas wylis moxmarebis ekonomikuri analizis 

Sedegad, rasac moiTxovs muxli 5. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis dros aucilebelia dadgindes WFD-s amocanebis 

romeli riskebi unda iqnas ganxiluli RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebisas, romelnic 

dakonkretebulia sazogadoebrivi kanonmdeblobiT. es informacia saSualebas iZleva, rom 

ekonimikur analizis Sedegad Sefasdes da SemuSavdes rCevebi RonisZiebaTa kombinaciaze 

yvelaze 

efeqturi danaxarjebiT, romelnic SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnas sxva riskebTan 

mimarTebaSi WFD-s miznebis misaRwevad. 

WFD-s amocana, rom Seamciros an daicvas gruntis wylebi damabinZurebelebisagan {muxli 

4.(b)(i) 

ar akonkretebs romeli damabinZureblebis SeWris prevencia unda ganxorcieldes da ra 

ramdenad unda SeizRudos sxva damabinZureblebi. ase rom ar aris naTeli rogor Sefasdes 

am amocanaTa Seusruleblobis riskebi sanam ar moxdeba maTi miznebis ganmarteba. 

aseTi ganmarteba SeiZleba mogvces Svileulma direqtivam romelic dafuZndeba muxli 17 –is 

mixedviT. aseT Svileul direqtivas moeTxoveba aseve daadginos kriteriumebi 

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mniSvnelovani da myar, aRmavali tendenciebis identifikaciisaTvis { muxli 4.1 (b) (iii). sanam 

es kriteriumebi dadgindeba, wevrma qveynebma unda gadawyviton ra Seadgens mniSvnelovan da 

myar, aRmaval tendenciebs maTi sakuTari kriteriumebis mixedviT. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa mimoxilva saWiroa monitoringis programis Sesadgenad, romelic 

unda amoqmeddes 2006 wlisaTvis (muxli 8) da aseve 

RonisZiebaTa programis SesamuSaveblad, romelnic unda dadgindes 2009 wlisaTvis da 

amoqmeddes 2012 wlisaTvis (muxli 11). muxli 14 amxnevebs 

yvela dainteresebuli mxares aqtiurad Caebas WFD-s SerulebaSi da sTxovs wevr qveynebs 

moaxdinos sazogadoebis informireba da konsultireba. amgvarad, 

wlis saagentoebma da mmarTvelobam unda gaxados es mimoxilva rac SeiZleba gamWvirvale. 

es muxli specifikurad moiTxovs sazogadoebis konsultirebas RBMP-s Seqmnisas, rasac 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xels. 

informaciis gaziareba, sazogadoebis konsultireba da monawileoba direqtivis 

moTxovnilebebia da misi ganxorcielebis efeqturobas uwyobs xels. instruqcia,, 

sazogadoebis monawileobaze” gvawvdis Semdgom informacias monawileobis im formebze 

(WFD CIS instruqcia #8). 

mowileTa monawileoba mniSvnelovania, radgan is asrulebs mraval funqcias, 

romelnic moicaven: 

• yvelas mier mowonebuli procesis ganviTareba zrdis misi gamosavlis 

kanonierebas da amgvarad aadvilebs mis qmediT da efeqtur 

ganxorcielebas. 

• mewileebi SeiZleba warmoadgendnen informaciis sasargeblo 

wyaros da flobdnen gamocdilebas zewolaTa da zemoqmedebaTa 

analizSi (ixileT cxrilebi me-5 TavSi). 

• sazogadoebis mimoxilva sasargebloa imis gasagebad, Tu rogor afasebs 

xalxi garemo pirobebis gaumjobesebas da Cveni wylebis xarisxs da 

ramdenad arian isini mzad gadaixadon garemos gasaumjobeseblad. 

sazogadoebis CarTva d partniorebis qseli, romelic Camoyalibda maTi monawileobis 

Sedegad, sasargebloa sakuTrebis SegrZnebis gamosamuSaveblad mdinareTa auzebis 

menejmentis gegmebze da SeuZlia gazardos RonisZiebaTa 

efeqturoba, romelic saWiroa direqtivis amocanebis Sesasruleblad. 

direqtiva mxolod adgens ZiriTad TariRebs konsultaciebisaTvis, magram swored rom 

iTqvas ar azustebs TariRebs monawileobis procesisaTvis, radgan es damokidebulia 

adgilobriv dawesebulebebze da arsebuli sociumis pirobebze, amasTan rekomendirebulia 

adreulad daiwyos monawileobis procesi 

(magaliTad, mdinareTa auzebis daxasiaTebis nawili 2004 wlamde) efeqturobis 

gasaumjobeseblad. 

ixileT aseve am dokumentis Tavi 5, romelic gviCvenebs vin unda iyos Cabmuli 

IMPRESS analizis Catarebasa da gamoyenebaSi. 

me-15 muxli azustebs muxli 5 –is mixedviT Catarebuli mimoxilvis moxsenebis mimarT 

moTxovnilebebs. wevr qveynebs moeTxovebaT warmoadginon 

mimoxilvaTa Semajamebeli moxsenebebi maTi dasrulebidan 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi. ( pirveli 

mimoxilvidan yvelaze gvian 2005 wlis martisaTvis). SemdgomSi, es mimoxilviTi moxsenebani 

Sevlen RBMP-s SemadgenlobaSi, romelTa gamoqveyneba pirvelad unda moxdes pirvelad 2009 

wlisaTvis, da Semdgom yovel eqvs weliwadSi (2015, 1021 . . . .). amgvarad, 2009 wlidan Sedgeba 

6 wliani ciklebis cxrili, zewolaTa da zemoqmedebaTa mimoxilviT, romelic RBMP –s 

gamoqveynebamde 2 wliT adre moxdeba. 

muxli 6 moiTxovs, rom daculi arealebis registri dadgindes 2004 wlisaTvis, magram es 

informacia saWiroa ufro adrec, raTa SesaZlebeli gaxdes zewolaTa da zemoqmedebaTa 

analizi. drois farglebi da asocirebuli kavSirebi Sejamebulia cxrilSi 2.1. 

cxrili 2.1 qmedebebi da TariRebi, rodesac es amocanebi unda miRwevadi 

gaxdes …(yuradRevba miaqcieT, rom praqtikaSi mravali qmedeba 

unda damTavrdes fiqsirebuli drois periodSi, romelic 

gamiznulia winamdebare amocanis dasamTavreblad. 

moqmedeba 

TariRi 

zegavlenaTa mimoxilva Sesrulebuli wevri qveynebis mier 2004 

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(muxli 5,muxli 15, damateba II) 

dadgenili daculi arealebis registri(muxli 6) 2004 

zegavlenaTa mimoxilvis jamuri moxseneba komisiis mimarT (muxli 15) 2005 

samoqmedo programis monitoringi (muxli 8) 2006 

mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis pirveli dasrulebuli gegma 

2009 

(muxli 15) 

RonisZebaTa dadgenili gegma (muxli 11) 2009 

samoqmedo RonisZiebaTa programa (muxli 11) 2012 

2.2 ZiriTadi terminebi 

maSin, rodesac WFD –dan naTeli xdeba, rom zegavlena aris zewolaTa Sedegi, arcerTi 

termini ar aris zustad gansazRvruli. amisaTvis unda SemuSavdes am terminebis erTiani 

gansazRvrebebi da yvelaze efeqturi midgomebi. am instruqciaSi farTod gamoyenebadi 

gamwevi, zewola, mdgomareoba, zegavlena, pasuxi (DPSIR) analitikuri CarCo miRebulia 

Tavisi gansazRvrebebiT 

instruqcia #3 


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(definiciebiT), 

rogorc es mocemulia cxrilSi 2.2. da ilustrirebulia cxrili 2.3 magaliTis gamoyenebiT. 

cxrili 2.2 

termini 

wamyvani 

zewola 

mdgomareoba 

zegavlena 

pasuxi 

DPSIR CarCo rogorc is gamoiyeneba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizSi 

gansazRvreba 

antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri qmedeba, romelsac SesaZloa zegavlenas axdens garemoze 

(mag. s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobaze, industriaze) 

wamyvani Zalis pirdapiri efeqti (magaliTad, efeqti, romelic iwvevs wylis 

dinebis an qimiuri Semadgenlobis cvlilebas). 

wylis obieqtis mdgomareoba romelic gamomdinareobs rogorc bunebrivi, 

aseve antrifigenuri faqtorebidan (magaliTad fizikuri, qimiuri, da 

biologiuri maxasiaTeblebidan). 

zewolis zegavlena garemoze 

zomebi, romelni miRebulia wylis obieqtebis mdgomareobis 

gasaumjobeseblad (magaliTad, daclis SeCereba, wertilovan wyaroTa 

gadaclis SeCereba, saukeTeso praqtikis orientiris SemuSaveba s<strong>of</strong>lis 

meurneobisaTvis) 

am gansazRvrebebidan naTeli xdeba, rom zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa ama analizSi 

aucilebelia informaciis Setana wamyvan Zalebze, mdgomareobaTa cvlilebebze da sapasuxo 

reqciaTa gaTvaliswinebaze. gansxvaveba, romelic gakeTebulia mdgomareobasa da zegavlenas 

Soris acalkevebs efeqtebs, romelnic zogjer kombinirebulia, an areulia erTmaneTSi. erTerTi 

mizezi amisa aris is, rom zegavlenaTagan mravali advilad ar izomeba. statusi 

xSirad gamoiyeneba rogorc indikatori an surogati zegavlenisaTvis. es naCvenebia mraval 

arsebul meTodologiaSi ( magaliTad xarisxis samzineebi da klasifikaciis sistemebi), 

sadac fiziko-qimiuri parametrebi gamoiyeneba ekologiuri statusis Sesafaseblad. vinaidan 

es meTodebi gulisxmoben kargi urTierTgagebis damokidebulebas mdgomareobasa da 

zegavlenas Soris, praqtikaSi isini ar gamoiyeneba da mimdinare samecniero kvlevis sagans 

warmoadgenen. am gaurkvevlobis garda, parametrebi, romelnic gansazRvraven ekologiur 

statuss sabolood ver dadgindeba, sanam ar dasruldeba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

pirveli mimoxilva. midgoma, romelic miRebulia am instruqciaSi gvawvdis CarCos 

analizisaTvis, romelic asaxavs Tanamedrove gagebas, Tu rogor funqcionireben wylis 

ekosistemebi da SesaZlebels xdis specifikuri ekologiuri kriteriumebis momaval 

integracias. 

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aRsaniSnavia DPSIR CarCos konteqstSi, rogorc es zemoTaa aRwerili, miznebi romelnic 

gansazRvrulia WFD-Ti ukavSirdeba orTaves, mdgomareobas da zegavlenas, radgan 

standartebi evropis wylis xarisxis miznis sxva kanonmdeblobidan ukavSirdeba wylis 

obieqtebze damabinZureblebis koncentracias ( anu maT mdgomareobas), maSin rodesac WFD-s 

biologiuri elementebi naTlad migviTiTebs zegavlenebze. 

nomenklaturis am problemis miuxedavad, WFD-s mniSvneloba naTelia. Tu wylis obieqti ver 

asrulebs mis mizans, maSin am Cavardnis mizezi ( zewola an zewolaTa kombinacia) unda 

gamokvleul iqnas. amgvarad, rodesac direqtiva acxadebs, rom mniSvnelovani zewolebi 

gamokvleul unda iqnas, aq igulisxmeba, rom es unda gakeTdes yvela zewolisaTvis 

gancalkevebulad, an kombinaciaSi sxva zewolebTan, ramac SesaZloa Seaferxos specifikuri 

amocanis Sesruleba. aseT interpretacias Semoaqvs damokidebulebis sazRvrebi, romelic 

gaTvalswinebulia seqcia 2.3.2-Si. aseve aRniSvnis Rirsia, rom moqmedi kriteriumebi, 

romelnic gamoiyeneba mniSvnelovani zewolebis Sesafaseblad zedapiruli da gruntis 

wylebisaTvis, riskis qveS arian, rom ver Seasruleben dasaxul amocanebs. zewolebis da 

misi Sedegebis analizi warmoadgens ,,riskis Sefasebis” process, magram es orientirebi 

yovelTvis ganixileboda, rogorc zewilaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi. 

sxva terminebi gansazRvrulia terminologiis leqsikonSi damateba II-Si. 

2.3. saTanado gaTvaliswinebebi 

2.3.1 wylis obieqtis gansazRvreba 

zemoTaRwerili moTxovnebi ukavSirdeba zedapiruli wylis obieqtebs an gruntis wylis 

obieqtebs. WFD gansazRvravs orive am pirobas, da rogorc gansazRvrebis nawili aRniSnavs, 

zedapiruli wylebi unda iyos diskretuli, magram ar aris saWiro iyos, magaliTad mTeli 

mdinare, maSin roca gruntis wylis obieqtebi unda gancalkevebulni iyvnen. instruqciis 

Savi nimuSi momzadebulia CIS farglebSi calkeuli gansxvavebuli wlis obieqtebis 

dasadgenad: horizontaluri orientiri terminis gamoyenebaze ,,wylis obieqti” wylis CarCo 

direqtivis konteqstSi (WFD) instruqcia #2 . es exeba masStabebis sakiTxebs da wylis 

obieqtebis gansazRvris mniSvnelobas, miniSnebiT ara mxolod wylis obieqtis tipze, da 

morfologiur cvlilebebze, aramed aseve zewolebsa da zegavlenebze. wylis obieqtebis 

saboloo gansazRvrebebis ar arsebobisas, es instruqcia exeba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

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analizs, romelnic damoukidebelni unda iyvnen nebismieri gamorCeuli sakiTxidan, rac 

dakavSirebulia wylis obieqtebis gansazRvrasTan. 

2.3.2 maStabebis sakiTxebi 

sxvadasxva saxis zewolebi zegavlenas ar axdenen gansxvavebul wylis obieqtebze igive 

sivrcisa da drois farglebSi. Tumca, zewolaTa analizi unda Catardes, rom uzrunvelyos 

: a) saboloo moxseneba, romelic Seqmnilia Segrovili informaciiT SesatyvisobaSi WFD 

amocanebTan da b) monacemebis Segroveba SesaZlebelia grZelvadianad. 

zegavlenaTa umetesobaze monitoringi ver xerxdeba da pirdapir verc ki mowmdeba. bevr 

SemTxvevaSi, FmaTi dadgena xdeba mdgomareobis cvlilebebze dakvirvebiT da am 

cvlilebaTa SesaZlebloba gamowveulia cnobili zewolebiT. zewolaTa da mdgomareobaTa 

monacemebis koleqciis swori dro da sivrce aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani topikebi, 

romelnic SesaZlebels xdian damyardes safuZvliani (amgvarad, aRiarebuli WeSmaritad) 

damokidebulebani, da SemdgomSi RonisZiebaTa Sesatyvisi programa. Sesabamisi drois da 

sivrcis farglebis SerCeva ufro advildeba, rodesac zewola Sedegia datvirTvisa 

romelic xdeba garkveul droSi garkveul samizneze, rasac aqvs garkveuli farglebi. 

magaliTad, wylis garkveuli moculobis amoRebas SesaZloa ar hqondes zegavlena Tu 

amotumbulia mTeli wlis manZilze, magram mniSvnelovania zewola,Tu mdinaridanaa 

amoRebuli mxolod zafxulis TveebSi. 

zewolaTa swori dadgena moiTxovs Sesatyvisi samizneebis Sesabamis identifikacias, da 

zegavlenaTa sididisa da mgrZnobiarobis gansazRvras. sivrcobrivi farglebi 

gamomdinareobs am identifikaciidan. praqtikuli mosazrebebiT, kompromisebi unda gakeTdes 

monacemebis koleqciis tvirTis minimumade dasayvanad. viTvalsiwinebT ra monacemTa mraval 

wyaros, romelTac SeuZliaT damatebiTi informaciis mowodeba zewolaTa Sesafaseblad, 

rac SeiZleba gamoviyenoT zedapiruli an gruntis wylebis zemoqmedebaTa analizisaTvis, 

zogierTi saerTo wesi mowodebulia. 

rac Seexeba droebiT masStabebs, mniSvnelovania rom miviRoT Sesatyvisi droebiTi 

masStabebi zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizze, radgan zogierTi zewolis Sedegi iqneba 

zegavlena mravali wlis Semdgom momavalSi. xolo zogierTi momavali zegavlena 

dakavSirebuli iqneba zewolebTan warsulSi, romelnic ukve aRar arseboben. amasTan, 

monacemTa umetesi wyaro gvawvdis wliur monacemebs. drois es farglebi SeiZleba xSirad 

damakmay<strong>of</strong>ilebeli aRmoCndes, rom Seexos grZelvadian zegavlenebs. magaliTad, did tbebze 

an gruntis wlis obieqtebze zegavlenas axdens kumulaciuri Cadenebi, romelic grZeldeba 

aTeulobiT wlebi. amis sapirispirod, mdinaris an zRvis napiris dabinZureba, turizmi da 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis narCenebis zegavlena gamomdinareobs ukiduresi moTxovnilebidan mwir 

resursebze. ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi, wliuri monacemebi ar gvawvdis informacias 

mniSvnelovan zewolebze drois ufro mokle periodze. 

swored mimarTuli yvela zegavlena drois farglebTan mimarTebaSi moiTxovs: 

• erT wlis monacemebi, wliuri paternis miTiTebiT moicavs sul cota 

saSualo mniSvnelobas, kidura mniSvnelobas da mis xangrZlivobas, 

optimumia erTi Tvis mniSbneloba 

• grZelvadiani, mravalwliani monacemebi, Tu marTebulia, mdinareTa 

Sereuli wyaroebis CaTvliT (magaliTad, adre arsebuli sawarmoo 

saqmianobisas gamorecxili toqsiuri nivTierebebis naleqidan 

gamoTavisufleba). 

rac Seexeba sivrcis sazRvrebs, monacemTa mniSvnelovani maxasiaTebelia mdebareoba, 

gansakuTrebiT maSin Tu wylis obieqti moicavs Zalian gansxvavebul komponentebs 

(magaliTad, mdinaris ZiriTadi arxi da misi Senakadebi, SemosazRvruli gruntis wylebis 

datvirTvis arealebi da a.S.), romelnic gansxvavebulad reagireben zewlebze. zewolis 

adgili SesaZloa gaanalizdes, rogorc dazustebuli informacia an rogorc cru 

informacia (informacia xvedriTi wonis Sesaxeb) pirvel rigSi, dgindeba wylis obieqtis 

Sesatyvisi komponenti. mogvianebiT, unda dadgindes areali, romelic zewolas ganicdis da 

sul cota, SesaZlebeli gaxdes zewolis dakavSireba mis samiznesTan. magaliTad, 

SemosazRvruli gruntis wylebis Sesaxeb mniSvnelovani monacemia gamodineba mxolod 

datvirTvis adgilidan, da ara mTeli wylis obieqtidan. 

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es principiebi ufro naTladaa garCeulia momdevno TavebSi. 

1.2.2. gansxvavebuli sastarto wertilebi. 

drois ganrigi pirveli zewolebis da zemoqmedebis analizis dasrulebisaTvis da misi 

Sedegebis moxsenebisaTvis Zalian xanmoklea. pirveli analizi safuZvlianad eyrdnoba 

arsebul informacias zewolebsa da zemoqmedebebze da Sefasebis arsebul meTodebs. 

vinaidan sazogadoebrivi wylis wina kanonmdebloba fokusirdeboda dabinZurebaze, 

informacia da gamocdileba sxva zewolebze da zemoqmdebebze Zalian gansxvavebulia 

wever qveynebs Soris da TviT qveynis SigniTac, erovnul kanonmdeblobasa da politikaze 

damokidebulebiT. 

2.3.4. wylis obieqtebis dajgufeba 

wylis obieqtebis dajgufeba, romelic warmoebs maRal samecniero safuZvelze, aseve 

mniSvnelovani iqneba yvelaze efeqturi Rirebulebis mqone midgomis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>isaTvis 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis mimarT. wylis obieqtebis dajgufebis SesaZlebloba 

damokidebulia mdinaris auzis raionis maxasiaTeblebze da maTze arsebul zewolaTa 

sidideze. 

2.3.5. gaurkvevlobis gaTvaliswineba 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa pirveli analizi unda dasruldes 2004 wlis bolomde. amasaTan, 

am droisaTvis mtkiced ver ganisazRvreba direqtivis amocanebis SesrulebisaTvis 

aucilebeli garemos pirobebi. magaliTad, ekologiur mdgomarebaTa klasebs Soris 

sazRvrebis mniSvnelobebi zedapiruli wylebisaTvis ar aris mosalodneli, rom sabolood 

ganisazRvros interkalibraciuli savarjiSoebis dasrulebamde (WFD damateba V1.4) da 

monitoringis programebis dawyebamde 2006 wlisaTvis (muxli 8) . prioritetuli 

substanciebis garemos xarisxis standartebi, romelnic ayalibeben zedapiruli wylebis 

kargi qimiuri statusis 

gansazRvrebis nawils, ar iqneba dasrulebuli me-16 muxlis Svileuli direqtivebis 

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SeTanxmebamde. gruntis wylis amocanebis elementebi, aseve elian klasificirebas me-17 

muxlis Svileul direqtivaSi. 

Sefasebuli garemos efeqtebis sizuste da sarwmunooba sxvadasxva zewolaTa tipebis dros 

aseve Zalian cvalebadia, da didadaa damokidebuli nacionaluri da lokaluri informaciis 

xarisxze da Sefasebis kompetenturobaze. amitomacaa, rom zewolaTa da zegavlenaTagan 

mravalis gaTvaliswineba, romelnic SesabamisobaSi arian wylis CarCo direqtivasTan, 

adre ar iyo moTxovnili sazogadoebrivi wylis kanonmdeblobiT. 

wevr qveynebs dasWirdebaT pirveli analizis dasruleba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

Sesatyvisi Sefasebebis gamoyenebiT, magram direqtivis amocanebis Sesasruleblad, isini 

saqmis kursSi unda iyvnen da gaiTvaliswinon gaurkvevlobebi garemos pirobebSi da 

gaurkvevlobebi Sefasebul zegavlenebSi. am gaurkvevlobebis Sedegia is, rom wevri 

qveynebis Tvalsazrisi, Tu romeli obieqtebi arian riskis qveS da romeli- ara, savaraudod 

Seicavs ufro met Secdomebs zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sesaxeb pirvel moxsenebaSi 

(IMPRESS moxseneba), vidre es moxdeba momdevno dagegmil ciklebSi. wevri qveynebisTvis 

mniSvnelovania, rom saqmis yurSi iyvnen gaurkvevlobaTa Sesaxeb, raTa maTi monitoringis 

programebi awyobili da mizanmimarTuli iyos SefasebaTa sarwmunoobis gaumjobesebisaTvis 

saWiro informaciis mosawodeblad. is wylis obieqtebi, sadac Sefaseba Seicavs 

mniSvnelovan gaurkvevlobas, unda dajgufdnen, rogorc amocanebis Seuusruleblobis 

riskis qveS my<strong>of</strong>ni. zewolaTa Sefasebis TvalsaCino uunaroba ar warmoadgens 

gaurkvevlobas. 

2.3.6. amocanebis gageba 

amas winaT aRiniSna, rom zewolebi, romelnic Setanil unda iqnas analizSi, 

damoukideblad an kombinaciaSi iwveven zegavlenebs, romelnic xels uSlian amocanebis 

Sesrulebas. amis gakeTeba naTlad moiTxovs amocanebis garkveul gagebas da es sakiTxia 

ganxiluli am seqciaSi. rom SevajamoT, adamianTa moqmedebebis zegavlenis mimoxilva 

moicavs muxli 4 WFD-s garemos yvela amocanas, romelicaa: 

• kargi ekologiuri statusis da zedapiruli wylebis kargi qimiuri 

statusis miRweva; 

• kargi ekologiuri potencialis da zedapiruli wylebis kargi qimiuri 

statusis miRweva xelovnuri wylis obieqtebisaTvis. 

• gruntis wylebis kargi mdgomareobis miRweva (mag. gruntis wylis kargi 

qimiuri statusi da gruntis wylis kargi raodenobrivi statusi); 

da, Tu maT mivyavarT ufro zusti amocanebisaken: 

• zedapiruli da gruntis wylebis mdgomareobis gauaresebis prevencia; 

• amocanebis da standartebis miRweva daculi arealebisaTvis; 

• nebismieri mniSvnelovani da xangrZlivad Semonaxuli tendenciis 

Semobruneba gruntis wylebSi damabinZureblebis koncentraciaTa Sesaxeb; 

da 

• zedapirul wylebSi gansakuTrebulad saSiSi substanciebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is 

SeCereba; 

da 2013 wlis meore mimoxilvisTvis da yoveli SemdgomisTvis: 

• kargi ekologiuri potencialis da zedapiruli wylis kargi qimiuri 

statusis miRweva Zlier modificirebulTaTvis (HMWBs). 

WFD gansazRvravs oTxi tipis amocanas: ekologiur statuss, ekologiur potencials, 

qimiur statuss, da raodenobriv statuss, magram es yvelaferi ar miesadageba yvela wylis 

obieqts (ix. cxrili 2.3). gruntis wylebs gamokveTilad gaaCniaT gansxvavebuli amocanebi; ar 

arsebobs ekologiuri statusis koncefcia, qimiuri statusis gansazRvreba Zalian 

gansxvavebulia zedapiruli wylebisaTvis da erTmniSvnelovnad gruntis wylebisaTvis 

arsebobs raodenobrivi statusis damoukidebeli Sefaseba. amasTan, rogorc es Semoxazulia 

qvemoT zedapiruli wylebisTvis, raodenobrivi informacia 

saWiroa, rogorc hidromorfologiuri Sefasebis nawili. ekologiuri potenciali 

gamoyenebadia mxolod zedapiruli wylebisTvis, romelnic aRniSnulia rogorc xelovnuri 

an Zlier modificirebuli. aseT aRniSvnamde, romelic saWiroa dasruldes 2009 wlisaTvis, 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi yvelaze Cveulebriv gulisxmobs kriteriums bunebrivi 

wylis obieqtebisaTvis (mag. ekologiuri statusi). amocanebis buneba calcalkea 

19

20 



ganxiluli zedapiruli da gruntis wylebisTvis momdevno seqciebSi. unda aRiniSnos 

ramodenime ZiriTadi sakiTxi, romelic esadageba yvela wylis obieqts: 

I. TiToeuli misadagebuli amocanis mizania, ZiriTadad, ,,kargi 

statusis” miRweva 2015 wlisaTvis. pasuxi kiTxvaze aris Tu ara wylis obieqti am amocanis 

Seusruleblobis riskis qveS moicavs or gansazRvrebas: Tavidan unda Sefasdes wylis 

obieqtis mimdinare mdgomareoba, rasac unda mosdevdes Sefaseba, savaraudod, miaRwevs Tu 

ara is Tavis miznebs 2015 wlisaTvis. zedapiruli wylebisTvis 2015 wlamde periodis 

arseboba iZleva zewolaTa dadgenis SesaZleblobas, amocanebis Sesrulebis misaRwevad 

zomebis SemoRebas da monitoringis warmoebas, raTa warmoCindes, rom miznebi miRweulia. 

magram es aseve niSnavs, rom garkveul wilad gaTvaliswinebul iqnas zewolaTa cvlilebebi, 

romelTac adgili eqnebaT am periodSi. 

maSin rodesac es aseve WeSmaritia gruntis wylebisTvis, wylis xangrZlivi arseboba mraval 

miwisqveSa auzSi, niSnavs rom zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi unda iTvaliswinebdes 

dRevandel zewolebs, romelnic gamoiwveven problemebs momavalSi. es sakiTxi 

specialuradaa ganxiluli gruntis wylebis seqciaSi qvemoT. 

II. danarCeni amocanebi SesaZlebelia mivusadagoT, Tu sxva sazogadoebrivi kanonmdeblobiT 

wylis obieqti aRiniSneba, rogorc dacul arealSi my<strong>of</strong>i; es aseve ganxilulia SemdgomSi, 

qvemoT. 

III. jer-jerobiT ar aris dawesebuli ricxvobrivi farglebi, rom ganisazRvros statusis 

TiToeuli gansxvavebuli elementis sazRvrebi, magram es sabolood dawesdeba, daefuZneba 

ra saCvenebeli pirobebis samuSao jgufis saxelmZRvanelos da interkalibraciul kvlevas 

(WFD CIS instruqcia # 10 da 6 Sesatyvisad). amasobaSi, gamoyenebul unda iqnas saeqsperto 

Sefaseba kompetenturi xelmZRvanelobis farglebSi, raTa dawesdes SefasebaTa pirvel 

raundSi gamosayenebeli Sualeduri mniSvnelobebi. rekomendirebulia, rom sadac 

SesaZlebelia, Sualeduri mniSvnelobebi warmoadgendnen saboloo mniSvnelobaTa 

racionalur Sefasebebs. 

adaptirebulma mniSvnelobebma, romelnic Zalian mkacradaa gansazRvruli, 

SeiZleba migviyvanon arasaWiro minitoringTan da zomebTan, maSin rodesac adaptirebuli 

mniSvnelobebi, romelnic Zalian zogadia, gamoiwveven aucilebeli qmedebebis dagvianebas. 

eqspertebis Sefasebis gamoyeneba unda iyos Ria da gamWvirvale. 

IV. maSin roca es instruqcia aRwers zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis process am 

amocanebTan mimarTebaSi, unda aRiniSnos rom WFD 

agreTve gvawvdis pirobebs, rodesac arsebobs gamonaklisebi an dadgenilebaTa Sesusteba 

(muxli 4, nawili 6 da 7). mTlianobaSi, aRniSnuli migviTiTebs statusis droebiT 

gauaresebaze, da gauaresebaze romelic gamowveulia axali mdgradi movlenebis gamo, 

Sesatyvisad. amasTan, aseTi pirobebi unda ganisazRvros, rogorc zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizis nawili, da ar unda iqnas aRebuli rogorc ZiriTadi argumentacia analizis 

Tavidan asacileblad. 

cxrili 2.3. amocanebi romelnic miesadageba sxvadasxva wylis obieqtis tipebs. 

mdinare tba gamavali 

wyali 

sanapiro 

wyali 

Zlier 

modificirebuli 

an xelovnuri 

gruntis 

wyali 

ekologiuri 

statusi 

ekologiuri 

potenciali 

zedapiruli 

wylis 

qimiuri 

statusi 

gruntis 

wylis 

X X 

X X X X X 

 

X X X X X 

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21 



qimiuri 

statusi 

gruntis 

wylis 

raodenobrivi 

statusi 

X X X X X 

amocanebi zedapiruli wylebisTvis 

ekologiuri statusi da ekologiuri potenciali, orive, Seicavs sam elements; 

esenia biologiuri, qimiuri da fizikuri (an fiziko-qimiuri), da hidromorfologiuri. 

mTliani ekologiuri statusi ganisazRvreba ufro dabali biologiuri da qimiuri 

komponentebiT. yuradReba miaqcieT, rom zedapiruli wylebis amocana ar aris mxolod 

kargi mdgomareobis miRweva, magram aseve is, rom ar moxdes xarisxis gauareseba. amgvarad, 

Tu wylis obieqtis mimdinare ekologiuri statusi Sefasda rogorc ,,maRali”, is ar unda 

gauaresdes momavalSi, rogorc ,,kargi”. 

biologiuri elementebi 

aRniSnuli kvlav iy<strong>of</strong>a sam komponentad; flora, benTosis uxerxemloebi, da Tevzebis fauna 

(es komponenti gamoricxulia sanapiro wylebSi). yvela es gamoiyeneba wylis obieqtis 

mosaTavseblad xuTi klasidan erT-erTSi; maRali, kargi, saSualo, arasaxarbielo da cudi. 

procesi, romlis meSveobiTac miRweulia es klasifikacia mowodebulia REFCOND –mier ( 

mimarTeT WFD CIS instruqcias #10) da interkalibraciuli samuSao jgufis mier ( mimarTeT 

WFD CIS instruqcias #6). zogadad, maRali aris ,,Seuxebeli” an ,,TiTqmis Seuxebeli”, kargi 

migviTiTebs ,, mcire Sexebaze”, saSualo migviTiTebs ,,saSualo cvlilebebze” , 

arasaxarbielo migviTiTebs ,,did cvlilebebze”, da cudi migviTiTebs ,,mwvave cvlilebebze”. 

rodesac procesi gansazRvrulia, monitorirebuli monacemebis analizi wylis obieqtis 

klasifikaciis saSualebas iZleva da SeiZleba aRZras moTxovna gamoikvlion, Tu ratom ver 

asrulebs wylis obieqti Tavis amocanas. aRniSnuli savaraudod miRwevadia, xolo amis 

sawinaaRmdego 

gacilebiT ufro problematuria. sCans, gacilebiT Znelia imis Tqma, 

rom qimiuri da hidromorfologiuri mdgomareobis cvlilebebi iwveven biologiuri 

mdgomareobis xarisxis daqveiTebas (magaliTad sakvebis mdgomareobasa da Tevzebis 

simravles Soris kavSiri zogadad kargad gaazrebuli ar aris). erT-erTi gamonaklisia 

prioritetuli nivTierebebis sazRvrebis masiuri gadaWarbeba (usafrTxoebis faqtorebis 

zRvarze gacilebiT meti), romelTac pirdapiri toqsikuri efeqti aqvT 

saCvenebel saxeobebze, romelTac iyeneben biologiuri Sefasebisas. 

Q 

qimiuri da fiziko-qimiuri elementebi. 

cnobilia Oori komponenti, zogadi da specifikuri damabinZureblebi (ix. cxrili 2.4). 

specifikuri damabinZureblebisTvis SesaZlebelia dawesdes garemos xarisxis standartebi ( 

WFD gvawvdis orientirs), xolo zogadi komponentebisaTvis ricxobrivi sazRvrebi ar 

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22 



arsebobs. rogorc aRiniSna, biologiuri elementebisTvis damokidebuleba wylis xarisxis 

am zogad aspeqtebsa da biologiur statuss Soris Znelad gasagebia. 

cxrili 2.4 ekologiuri Sefasebis qimiuri da fiziko-qimiuri elementebis komponentebi 

komponentebi qve-komponentebi klasi gansazRvreba 

zogadi 

Temperaturuli 

pirobebi. 

JangbadiT gajerebis 

pirobebi. 

Mmarilianoba. 

mJavianobis statusi. 

Nnutrientebis 

statusi. 

gamWvirvaloba 

(mxolod tbebi) 

maRali 

kargi 

saSualo 

mTlianad an TiTqmis 

mTlianad dauzianebeli. 

doneebi, romelnic 

dadgenilia, rom 

uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>en 

ekosistemebis 

funqcionirebas 

biologiuri elementebis 

misaRwevad. 

Mmdgomareobebi, romelnic 

Seesabameba miRwevebs, 

gansazRvruls 

biologiuri 

specifikuri 

damabinZureblebi, 

prioritetuli 

nivTierebebi da sxva 

nivTierebebi, 

romlebic 

gansazRvrulia 

rogorc gamdinare 

mniSvnelovani 

raodenobiT. 

sinTetikuri 

Aara sinTetikuri 

Hhidromorfologiuri elementebi 

22 

maRali 

kargi 

saSualo 

maRali 

kargi 

saSualo 

elementebisaTvis 

Ddeteqcis sazRvrebs 

qvemoT. EQS sazRvrebSi. 

Ppirobebi, romelnic 

Seesabameba biologiuri 


gansazRvrul Sesrulebas. 

normaluri, sabaziso 

donis qvemoT. EQS 

sazRvrebSi. biologiuri 


gansazRvruli Sesrulebis 

Sesabamisi pirobebi 

Kkomponentebi, romelnic gamoyenebulia am SefasebaSi, gansxvavebulia wylis obieqtebis 

sxvadasxva tipebisTvis, magram klasifikacia ganekuTvneba ZiriTad qimiur elementebs (mag. 

maRali, kargi, da saSualo), klasis erTnairi gansazRvrebiT (cxrili 2.3). 

hidromorfologiuri elementebi ar gamoiyeneba ekologiuri statusis gansazRvrebaSi, 

magram SesaZloa iqcnen kargi an maRali ekologiuri statusis miuRwevlobis mizezad. 

zewolisa da zegavlenis analizis mniSvnelobebi zedapiruli wylebisaTvis. 

radgan analizisaTvis aucilebelia gaTvaliswinebul iqnas biologiur elementebze 

zewolaTa efeqtebi, arsebobs gaurkvevlobebi biologiis, qimiis da hidromorfologiis 

elementebs Soris kavSirebSi. wevrma qveynebma unda gaiTvaliswinon es gaurkvevlobebi 

Sefasebis dros, radgan qimiuri da hidromorfologiuri elementebis klasifikacia 

dakavSirebulia biologiur pirobebTan (ixileT cxrili 2.3), magram kritikuli 

mniSvnelobebis gansazRvris gareSe. saWiroa ZiriTadi qimiuri komponentebis ricxobrivi 

mniSvnelobebis dadgena mcire droSi (rac eqspertTa SefasebiT damakmay<strong>of</strong>ilebelia kerZo 

regionSi an eko-regionSi) imis misaTiTeblad, rom arsebobs kargi ekologiuri statusis 

miuRwevlobis riski. Ees instruqcia ar gvkarnaxobs am mniSvnelobebs, Tumca varaudobs ra, 

rom isini arseboben, miuTiTebs analizis meTodebis aRweris SesaZlebelobebze, da 

yuradRebas amaxvilebs aseTi klasifikaciebis arsebul magaliTebze.

23 



Zlier modificirebuli wylis obieqtebi da drois CarCoebi 

wylis obieqtebisTvis, romelnic aRniSnulia, rogorc xelovnuri an Zlier 

modificirebuli, ZiriTadi mizania kargi ekologiuri potencialis miRweva, vidre kargi 

ekologiuri mdgomareobisa. wylis obieqtebi, romelTac apireben uwodon Zlier 

modificirebuli, unda iqcnen ori riskis Sefasebis sagnad: 

(1) fizikuri cvlilebebis gamo kargi ekologiuri statusis miuRwevlobis riskis Sefaseba, 

da 

(2) kargi ekologiuri potencialis miuRwevlobis riskis Sefaseba. 

amasTan, arsebobs seriozuli praqtikuli siZneleebi am orive Sefasebis dasrulebisa yvela, 

potenciurad Zlier modificirebuli wylis obieqtebisaTvis 2004 wlis bolomde. 

gaiTvaliswineT, rom wylis obieqtebi, romelnic ver akmay<strong>of</strong>ileben karg ekologiur 

statuss mniSvnelovani fizikuri cvlilebebis gamo, SeiZleba ganixilon aRniSvnisTvis, 

rogorc Zlier modificirebuli wylis obieqtebi muxli 4.3-is mixedviT. zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa pirveli analizi moaxdens potenciurad Zlier modificirebul wylis 

ovbieqtebis identifikacias. 

Ggruntis wylebisaTvis ZiriTadi amocanebia: 

1. zomebis miReba gruntis wylebSi damabinZureblebis Sesvlis prevenciisa da 

SezRudvisaTvis da gruntis wylis obieqtebis statusis gauaresebis prevencia 

(gruntis wylebis statusi moicavs or nawils; raodenobrivi statusi da qimiuri 

statusi da gruntis wylebis mTliani statusi aRebulia, rogorc am orze uaresi); 

2. gruntis wylebis yvela obieqtebis dacva, gafarToeba da aRdgena, da 

gruntis wylis daclisa da avsebis balansis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>a, wylis kargi 

mdgomareobis miRwevis mizniT 2015 wlisaTvis im dadgenilebaTa Sesabamisad, romelic 

micemulia damateba V-Si. 

3. nebismieri mniSvnelovani da SemorCenili, xandazmuli tendenciis Semobruneba 

nebismier damabinZurebelis koncentraciasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic adamianis 

moqmedebis zegavlenis Sedegia, raTa progresulad Seamciron gruntis wylebis 

dabinZureba. 

Tu gruntis wylis obieqts mimdinare periodSi aqvs kargi mdgomareoba, magram navaraudevia 

rom zewolaTa Sedegad es mdgomareoba gauaresdeba 2015 wlisaTvis, maSin obieqti ,, riskis 

qveSaa” da moiTxovs Semdgom daxasiaTebas. Uunda aRiniSnos, rom obieqti, romelic 

mimdinare periodSi gansazRvrulia, rogorc cudi mdgomareobis mqone, avtomaturad 

iqneba ,,riskis qveS”. 

WFD-s me-17 muxli moiTxovs komisias gruntis wylebis Sesaxeb Svileuli direqtivis 

SemosaTavazeblad, romlisganac elodebian damabiZureblebis koncentraciebis Sesaxeb 

mniSvnelovani tendenciebis kriteriumebis dawesebas, da damatebiT kriteriums gruntis 

wylis kargi qimiuri statusis gansazRvrisaTvis. Svileuli direqtiva aseve ganmartavs 

M,,gruntis wylebSi damabinZureblebis Sesvlis SezRudvis an prevenciis” moTxovnix 

mniSvnelobas (1 zemoT). 

Mmiznebi daculi arealebisaTvis. 

Ggarda im amocanebisa, romelic mocemulia cxril 2.3 –Si, aucilebelia, rom 

sazogadoebrivi dadgenilebebiT dawesebuli miznebi, gankuTvnili daculi arealebisaTvis, 

aseve Sesruldes. magaliTad, Tu wylis obieqti xvdeba nitratebis mgrZobiarobis zonaSi, 

maSin direqtiviT (1991/676/EEC) gansazRvruli amocanebi nitratebisaTvis unda Sesruldes. 

magaliTad, gruntis wylebisTvis nitratebis direqtiva iZleva kriteriums, rogorc 

24 



WFD-s muxli 7 wevri qveynebisgan moiTxovs daadginon sasmeli wylis daculi arealebi 

gruntis da zedapiruli wylebis obieqtebisaTvis, romelnic awodeben saSualod 10 m 3 –ze 

mets dRis ganmavlobaSi, anda emsaxurebian 50 adamianze mets, an obieqtebs romelnic 

momavalSi gamiznulni arian aseTi moxmarebisaTvis. aseTi arealebis amocanebia Tavidan 

aicilon xarisxis gauareseba imisTvis, rom Seamciron saWiro gamwmendi RonisZebebis done. 

cxrili 2.5 

arsebuli sazogadoebrivi kanonmdebloba moniSnuli, daculi arealebisaTvis 

direqtiva 

2000.60/EC (wylis CarCo direqtiva) 

76/160/EEC (sabanao wylis direqtiva) 

78/559/EEC (mtknari wylis Tevzis 

direqtiva) 

79/923/EEC (moluskebis wylis direqtiva) 

79/409/EEC (frinvelebis direqtiva) 

92/43/EEC (mcxovrebTa direqtiva) 

91/271/EEC (urbanuli gaxarjuli wylis 

direqtiva) 

91/676/EEC (nitratebis direqtiva) 

wylebis dacvis mizezi 

sasmeli wylis daculi areebi 

sabanao wylebi 

Mmtknari wylebi, romelTac sWirdebaT 

dacva, Tevzebis sicocxlis 

SesanarCuneblad. 

Mmoluskebis wyali 

frinvelebis sicocxlis dacva 

veluri faunisa da floris bunebrivi 

mcxovreblebi 

Nnutrientebis (sakvebi elementebi) mimarT 

mgrZnobiare arealebi 

nitratebiT dabinZurebisagan dacva 

WFD-s moTxovniT, Sefasebis am elementebis miRebis pirveli safexuri warmoadgens 

winsvlas, radgan erTaderTi saWiro informaciaa, aris Tu ara wylis obieqti dacul 

arealSi. Tu asea, saWiro analizi Catardeba da moxsendeba. Tu ara, aranairi moqmedeba ar 

aris saWiro. Aarsebuli kanonmdebloba, romelic Semdeg gansazRvravs dacul arealebs, 

CamoTvlilia cxrilSi 2.5. ukve aRiniSna, rom aseTi daculi arealebis registris Sedgena 

WFD-s moTxovnas warmoadgens. 

amasTan, zogierTi daculi arealisaTvis, kerZod imaTTvis, romelnic aRiniSnen, rogorc 

buneba 2000-is saitebi mcxovrebTa direqtiviT, moTxovnaa Seasrulon wyalTan 

dakavSirebuli biologiuri kriteriumebi yovel kerZo mcxovrebTan mimarTebaSi. naTelia, 

rom es ufro kompleqsuri wamowyebaa, vidre zRvrul mniSvnelobebTan maTi Sedareba, 

rogorc zemoTaa warmodgenili nitratebis direqtivisaTvis, magram kvlav unda aRiniSnos, 

rom arsebuli moxsenebebi direqtivis pirobebis dacviT, safuZvels unda qmnides saWiro 

analizisaTvis. 

Aamocanebis Sejameba 

Ggaremo pirobebi, romelnic unda Seesabamebodnen miznebs, wylis obieqtisTvis gamosadegia 

mis tipze damokidebulebiT, da gansazRvrulia garkveuli raodenobiT wyaroebze 

dayrdnobiT. ASesaZlebelia amocana gaxldeT fiqsirebuli ricxobrivi sazRvrebis arseboba, 

an gamomdinareobdes ,,kargi statusis” koncefciidan, romelic moiTxovs ufro rTul 

gansazRvrebas. zewolisa da zegavlenis yoveli kerZo analizisaTvis aucilebelia aseTi 

ricxobrivi sazRvrebis arseboba ZiriTadi qimiuri elementebisaTvis (mag. Gganzavebuli 

Jangbadi), magram arcerTi aseTi sazRvari ar arsebobs WFD-Si. Ees mniSvnelobebi unda 

ganisazRvros eqspertebis msjelobiT kompetenturi mmarTvelobis CarCoebSi. 

rekomendirebulia, rom aseTi msjelobiT winaswar gansazRvrul iqnas mniSvnelobebi, 

romelnic miRebuli iqneba xangrZlivi droiT. 

2.3.7. WanWyobebi 

WanWyobebis ekosistemebi ekologiurad da funqciurad warmoadgenen wyliani garemos 

nawilsPpotenciurad mniSvnelovani roliT, mdinareTa auzebis stabiluri menejmentis 

misaRwevad. wylis CarCo direqtiva ar awesebs garemos amocanebs WanWyobebisaTvis. amasTan 

WanWyobebi, romelic damokidebulni arian gruntis wylis obieqtebze, ayalibeben 

zedapiruli wylis obieqtebis nawils, an arian dacul arealebSi, sargebloben ra WFD 

dadgenilebebiT daicvan da aRadginon wylis statusi. Sesatyvisi gansazRvrebebi 

SemuSavebulia CIS horizontalur instruqciaSi wylis obieqtebis Sesaxeb (WFD instruqcia 

#2), WanWyobebis Sesaxeb instruqciis Semdgomi ganxilva mimdinareobs amJamad. 

24

25 



WanWyobebze zewolebi ( magaliTad fizikuri modifikacia an dabinZureba) zemoqmedebas 

axdens wylis obieqtebis ekologiur statusze. aseTi zewolebis samarTavi zomebi 

saWiroeben ganxilvas, rogorc mdinareTa auzebis menejmentis gegmis nawilisa, sadac maT 

moeTxovebaT Seasrulon direqtiviT gansazRvruli garemos amocanebi. 

WanWyobebis Seqmna da gafarToeba Sesatyisi pirobebis dros, gvTavazobs grZelvadian, 

efeqturi Rirebulebis da socialurad misaReb meqanizmebs, direqtiviT gansazRvruli 

garemos amocanebis Sesrulebis xelSesawyobad. 

Gfaqtiurad, WanWyobi gvexmareba dazianebis zegavlenis SemcirebaSi, xels uwyobs gvalvisa 

da wyaldidobis efeqtebis Serbilebas, exmareba safuZvliani sanapiro menejmentis 

dafuZnebas da uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>s gruntis wylebis Sevsebas. WanWyobebis Sesabamisoba 

programisa da RonisZiebebis farglebSi gamokvleulia SemdegSi, calke arsebul 

horizontalur instruqciaSi WanWyobebis Sesaxeb, romelic amJamad momzadebis procesSia. 

2.4. saWiro procesisa da moqmedebebis Sejameba 

idealSi, zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi iqneba oTx safexuriani procesi: 1. 

,,xelSemwyobi Zalebis” aRwera, kerZod xmeleTis gamoyeneba, urbanuli ganviTareba, 

industria, s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba da sxva RonisZiebebi, romelTac mivyavarT zewolebamde, maT 

faqtiur zegavlenebTan mimarTebis gareSe. 

2. wylis obieqtebze da wylis moxmarebaze zewolebis identifikacia SesaZlo zegavlenebis 

gansazRvriT, zewolaTa sididis da wylis obieqtis mgrZnobiarobis gaTvaliswinebiT. 

3. zegavlenaTa Sefaseba, romelnic zewolaTa Sedegia; 

4. miznis Seusruleblobis albaTobis Sefaseba. 

Ppirvel rigSi (2004 wlisaTvis) wylis obieqtze, da SesaZloa, aRmaval da daRmaval 

dinebaze ganlagebul wylis obieqtebze zewolaTa CamonaTvali da zegavlenaTa Sefaseba 

uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>s yvela potenciurad mniSvnelovani problemis identifikacias. TiToeuli 

zewolis Sedegad warmoqmnil, SesaZlo zegavlenaTa Sefaseba, qmnis CamonaTvals, romelic 

gamoyenebul iqneba im wertilebis saidentifikaciod, romelTa monitoringi aucilebelia 

ukeT gasagebad, atarebs Tu ara wylis obieqti kargi mdgomareobis miuRwevlobis risks. Ees 

CamonaTvali SemdgomSi qmnis RonisZiebaTa programis SemuSavebis safuZvels, romelic 

SesaZloa Catardes kargi statusis misaRwevad. 

Ppirveli etapisaTvis (2004 wlisaTvis) skriningiT midgoma wylis obieqtze albaT 

gaamartivebs amocanas, radgan es niSnavs am arealebze zewolaTa identifikaciaze 

fokusirebas da zewolaTa tipebis dadgenas, romelnic savaraudod xels uSlian miznebis 

Serulebas. amasTan, es mniSvnelovani amocanaa adamianTa moqmedebiT gamowveuli zegavlenis 

pirveli mimoxilvisas, da wevri qveynebi miznad unda isaxavdnen mniSvnelovan zewolaTa 

saukeTeso Sefasebis miRwevas mocemul droSi. 

codnis gasaumjobeseblad, zewolaTa sididis da tipis Sefaseba jvaredinad unda 

gadamowmdes monacemTa monitoringiT, da informaciiT zewolaTa ZiriTadi gamomwvevebis 

Sesaxeb. magaliTad, wertilovani wyaroebidan organuli nivTierebebis Setanis Sefaseba 

urbanuli gaxarjuli wylis gamajansaRebeli sistemebidan, romelic eyrdnoba informacias 

gadenis Sesaxeb, SeiZleba jvaredinad gadamowmdes monacemebiT populaciis sidideze da 

erT adamianze saSualo Senatanze imis Sesafaseblad, Tu ramdenadaa dadgenili Sesatyvisi 

gadenis didi nawili. 

mniSvnelovani zewolebis identifikacia moicavs monitoringis monacemebisadmi 

kombinirebul midgomas, modelis gamoyenebas da eqspertTa msjelobas. unda dadgindes da 

moxsendes is zewolebi da ufro metad wylis obieqtebi, romelnic atareben garemos 

amocanaTa Seusruleblobis risks. Mmoxsenebis es procesi winaswar ganWvretili unda iyos 

wevri qveynebis mier, magram aseve warmodgenili unda iyos wevri qveynebis gadawyvetilebaTa 

miRebis procesis gamWvirvaloba (magaliTad, maTi eqspertebis msjelobaTa Semowmeba). 

3. zogadi midgoma zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis mimarT 

3.1. Sesavali 

25

26 



wina TavebSi aRweril iqna WFD-s miznebis nakrebi, da gadawyvetili sakiTxebi, romelic 

exeba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Catarebis ZiriTad moTxovnebs. instruqciis 

darCenili nawili gvawvdis rCevas, Tu rogor unda moxerxdes amis ganxorcieleba. Ees Tavi 

ganmartavs ZiriTad midgomebs, romelic unda ganxorcieldes wylis obieqtis tipis da 

xelmisawvdomi monacemebis mixedviT. aRniSnulis Sesrulebisas ZiriTadi mizania imis 

Cveneba, Tu sad aris procesi da rogoria zogadi moTxovnilebani monacemebis mimarT 

sxvadasxva wylis obieqtisaTvis mdinaris auzis farglebSi. 

WFD-Si Camoyalibebuli zogadi midgomis ZiriTadi safexurebia: 

• xelSemwyobi Zalebis da zewolebis identifikacia 

• mniSvnelovan zewolaTa identifikacia 

• zegavlenaTa Sefaseba; da 

• amocanebis Seusruleblobis albaTobis Sefaseba 

es sakiTxebi ganxilulia momdevno nawilebSi (3.2 dan 3.6-mde) da warmodgenilia grafikSi 3.1. 

4. ZiriTadi safexuris Sesasruleblad gasaTvaliswinebelia sami xelSemwyobi elementi 

(naCvenebia grafiki 3.1 –is marcxena mxares). wylis obieqtis aRweriloba da misi sadrenaJo 

auzi 

xels Seuwyobs zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizs, da arsebobs mravali tipis informacia, 

romelic SeiZleba sasargeblo aRmoCndes, magaliTad klimatis, geologiis, niadagis da 

xmeleTis gamoyeneba. Pprocesis dros monitoringis monacemebi, romelnic Seesatyviseba 

wylis obieqts aseve SeiZleba warmodgenil iqnas, da Tu rogor aris es gamoyenebuli, 

ganxiluli iqneba zegavlenaTa Sefasebis seqciaSi (seqcia 3.4). monitoringis monacemebis 

Sedareba xelSemwyob ZalebTan daexmareba skrinings, Tu sad iwvevs zewola amocanaTa 

Seusruleblobas. Aaseve aucilebelia im amocanaTa gageba, romelTac unda Seadaron 

arsebuli mdgomareoba (ix. seqcia 2.3.6). 

moiZebneba mravali instancia, sadac es ZiriTadi safexurebi Sesrulebuli ar unda iqnas 

wrfivi danay<strong>of</strong>ebis saxiT. aseTi SemTxvevis magaliTi SesaZloa y<strong>of</strong>iliyo wylis obieqtis 

monitoringis monacemebi, romelnic gansazRvraven zegavlenas, gamosadegs mniSvnelovan 

zewolaTa identifikaciis dasaxvewad. maSin, rodesac is SesaZloa Seesabamebodes 

gansxvavebuli danay<strong>of</strong>ebis aTvisebas analizisaTvis, saWiroa rom yvela ZiriTadi safexuri 

Sesrulebul iqnas. 

26

27 



wylis obieqtis da 

sadrenaJo auzis 

aRwera 

Mmonacemebis 

monitoringi 

xelSemwyobi 

Zalebis da 

zewolebis 

dadgena 

zegavlenaTa 

Sefaseba 

Ppotenciurad 

mniSvnelovani 

zewolebis 

dadgena 

Mmiznebi 

Aamocanebis 

Seusruleblobis 

albaTobis Sefaseba 

G 

grafiki 3.1 zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis ZiriTadi komponentebi. Ees komponentebi, 

mocemuli lurj fonze marjvena mxares, arian analizis ZiriTadi komponentebi, da 

detalurad aRwerilia instruqciaSi, xolo elementebi TeTr fonze marcxena mxares 

damxmarea da instruqciaSi aRwerilia mxolod mokled. 

zogadad, es instruqcia cdilobs erTnairad ganixilos zedapiruli da gruntis wylebi. 

amasTan, seqcia 3.9. ganixilavs sakiTxebs, romelnic konkretulad eZRvneba gruntis wylebs, 

da seqcia 3.11 da 3.12 gvawvdis amocanebis mimoxilvas, romelic Sesatyvisad saWiroa 

zedapiruli wylebis da gruntis wylebis gasaanalizeblad. isini SesaZloa ganxilul iqnas 

rogorc sakontrolo CamonaTvali procesisaTvis, romelsac ar mohyveba Tavisi axsnaganmarteba, 

gamarTleba da safuZveli. seqcia 3.10 aRwers zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizis mimarT moxseniebul moTxovnebs. 

Semdgomi Tavebi ufro detalur informacias gvawvdian saSualebebze (Tavi 4), monacemebze 

(Tavi 5), da ilustraciebze romelnic damyarebulia SemTxvevaTa Seswavlaze (Tavi 6). 

3.1.1. vin unda iyos CarTuli zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Catarebasa da gamoyenebaSi. 

imis Sefaseba ,,Tu vin unda iyos CarTuli” moiTxovs zogierTi sakiTxis garkvevas: 

• vis SeuZlia an vin Cadebs ZiriTad da damatebiT Zalisxevas IMPRESS analizSi? 

• vin gamoiyenebs zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Sedegebs?, da 

• visze moaxdens zegavlenas IMPRESS analizis Sedegebze prospeqtuli dakvirveba? 

Ppasuxebi am ,,vin?” kiTxvebze, sCans rom moicavs organizaciaTa farTo rigs, mowileebs 

da sxvadasxva pirovnebebs sakiTxebis mixedviT. 

magaliTad,Eeqspertebs garemos dacvis saministrodan an sxva saministroebidan (miwis 

dagegmareba, bunebis dacvis danay<strong>of</strong>ebi, GIS danay<strong>of</strong>ebi, s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba da sxva), 

eqspertebs mdinareTa auzebis saagentoebidan, an regionaluri mmarTvelobidan, 

menejerebs, romelnic mdinareTa auzebis ganviTarebis gegmis saqmis yurSi arian, wylis 

departmentebis samsaxuris ufrosebs, mkvlevarebs da konsultantebs, istorikosebs, 

sazogadoebas da mewileTa farTo rigs, romelnic dainteresebulni arian da /an 

gamocdilni arian specifikur sferoebSi (ix. cxrilebi me-5 TavSi) da Cabmulni arian 

RBMP-s SeqmnaSi. 

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28 



MmewileTa monawileoba analizSi, ZiriTadi mewileebis CarTviT analizis procesSi 

SesaZloa warmoadgendes Sesatyvis nabijs am kiTxvebze pasuxis mosaZebnad (ixileT ,, 

sazogadoebrivi monawileoba” WFD CIS instruqcia #8, damateba 1). is aseve gvexmareba 

ZiriTadi nabijebis gansazRvraSi analizis procesSi, rodesac saWiroa specifikuri 

mewileebis CarTva an maTi Zalisxmeva (sxvadasxva ,,vin” sxvadasxva nabijisaTvis). 

Aam instruqciis adgilebi 3.2 da 3.3. gvawvdian damokidebulebis 

ufro detalur AaRweras garkveul xelSemwyob Zalebsa da Sesatyvis zewolebs Soris, 

romelnic dadgenilia dainteresebul mewileTa meSveobiT. 

3.2. mamoZravebeli Zalebisa da zewolebis identifikacia 

wylis obieqtis zogadi aRwerilobis garda, aucilebelia mamoZravebeli Zalebis dadgena, 

romelTac SeuZliaT zewolis ganxorcieleba wylis obieqtze. mamoZravebeli Zalebis farTo 

CamonaTvali mocemulia cxril 3.1-Si. Eis gaSlilia mamoZravebeli Zalebisa da zewolebis 

ufro srul 

CamonaTvalSi me-4 TavSi, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas, rogorc sakontrolo 

CamonaTvali Sesatyvisi zewolebis aRwerilobis Camosayalibleblad. Aam sakontrolo 

CamonaTvalis gamoyenebisas xelsayrelia, rom aRiniSnos yvela zewola maTi mniSvnelobis 

xsenebis gareSe. 

cxrili 3.1. zewolaTa mamoZravebeli Zalebis farTo kategorizaciis CamonaTvali 

(gaiTvaliswineT rom es ganvrcobilia, rogorc zewolaTa sruli CamonaTvali cxrilSi 4.1) 

DSereuli wyaro 

wertilovani wyaro 

Mqmedebebi specifikuri substanciebis 

gamoyenebiT 

dacla 

xelovnuri Sevseba 

Mmorfologiuri 

(mimarTeT aseve WFD instruqcias #4 

HMWB-s Sesaxeb) 

sxva anTropogenuri 

Uurbanuli drenaJi (moicavs Camowerilsac) 

sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo, Sereuli satyeo 

meurneobis, sxva Sereuli 

Canarecxi (uvargisi) wyali 

industriuli 

maRaroelTa, 

dabinZurebuli xmeleTis, 

sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo obieqtis, 

gamousadegi wylis menejmenti, 

wylis kultura 

warmoeba, gamoyeneba da gadineba yvela 

industriuli/sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo 

seqtoridan 

Nnakadis Semcireba 

Ggruntis wylebis Sevseba 

Ddinebis regulacia, 

Mmdinaris menejmenti, 

Ggamavali wylebis da sanapiro menejmenti, 

sxva morfologiuri 

sxvadasxva 

mamoZravebeli Zalebi (DF) warmoadgenen qmedebaTa seqtorebs, romelTac SeuZliaT 

zewolaTa seriebis warmoqmna. skriningis maCveneblebiDricxobrivad Sefasebulia dagrovili 

monacemebis mixedviT, romelnic martivia mosapoveblad. magaliTad, saxnavi miwebis 

heqtrebis ricxvi, mosaxleobis simWidrove garkveul arealebze. Aam monacemebis Sedareba 

monitoringis Sesabamisad dagrovil informaciasTan swrafad ganapiroebebs albaTobis 

Sefasebas imis Sesaxeb, rom gaTvaliswinebuli DF dakavSirebulia garemos zewolebTan. 

Aam SemTxvevaSi, mxolod mosalodneli zewolebi unda iqnas gamokvleuli ufro 

detalurad. 

skriningis procedura ar warmoadgens monacemebis dagrovebis daCqarebis erTaderT gzas im 

zewolebze fokusirebiT, romelnic safuZvlianadaa mosalodneli. is gvawvdis zewolaTa 

da zegavlenaTa damokidebulebis damoukidebel Sefasebas, romelic Rirebulia, 

gansakuTrebiT Tu gadinebis da daclis registrebi sustadaa dasaxlebuli. 

28

29 



inforacia, romelic aRwers mamoZravebel Zalebs da zewolebs saWiroa rogorc 

zedapiruli wylis, aseve gruntis wylis obieqtebisaTvis. rogorc, magaliTad sas<strong>of</strong>lo 

sameurneo aqtivobas SeuZlia zewola zedapiruli wylis, da aseve gruntis wylis 

obieqtebze. Mmsgavsad, moqmedebam SeiZleba gamoiwvios zewola garkveuli raodenobiT 

kaSxalis qveda wylis obieqtebze. Aam mizezebis gamo, azrs moklebuli ar aris monacemebis 

Segroveba mdinareTa auzebis bazisze, an mdinareTa auzebis raionebze, da aqedan gamotanil 

iqnas kerZo informacia, romelic Seesatyviseba nebismier individualur wylis obieqts. 

naTelia, rom CIS gamoyeneba gaamartivebs am process. amasTan, instruqcia ar exeba am 

informaciis menejments, vinaidan es exeba geografiuli sainformacio sistemebis samuSao 

jgufs, CIS farglebSi (ixileT WFD CIS instruqcia #9). 

3.3. mniSvnelovani zewolebis identifikacia 

3.3..1 Sesavali 

zewolaTa aRweriloba albaT Seicavs mravals, romelTac ara aqvT, an 

Zalian mcire zegavlena aqvT wylis obieqtze. zedapiruli wylebis SemTxvevaSi, WFD 

aRiarebs amas mxolod mniSvnelovan zewolaTa identifikaciis moTxovniT. am instruqciSi 

mniSvnelovani axsnilia, rogorc zewola, romelic xels uwyobs iseT zegavlenas, romlis 

Sedegia amocanis Seusrulebloba. Ggruntis wylebisTvis sawyisi daxasiaTeba moiTxovs 

zewolaTa ZiriTad analizs, romelic Seesabameba seqcia 3.2-Si aRwerils, magram kvlav 

ganxiluls amocanaTa Seusruleblobis riskis Sefasebis konteqstiT. Aamgvarad, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom procesebi cal-calke da gansxvavebuladaa aRwerili zedapiruli da gruntis 

wylebisTvis, SeiZleba SemoRebuli iqnas msgavsi zogadi midgoma mniSvnelovani zewolebis 

saidentifikaciod, romelic moiTxovs Semdgom gamokvlevas. 

amisaTvs saWiroa gagebul iqnas zegavlenis buneba, romelic zewolis Sedegia, da aseve 

Sesatyvisi meTodebisa, romelTa meSveobiT xdeba zegavlenasa da zewolas Soris 

damokidebulebis monitoringi an Sefaseba. SesaZlebeli zegavlena ganxilulia qvemoT, 

did zewolaTa saTaurebis gamoyenebiT cxrili 3.1.-dan. 

dabinZurebiT gamowveuli zewola Sereuli da wertilovani wyaroebidan. 

dabinZurebiT gamowveuli zewola gamomdinareobs qmedebebidan, romelnic pirdapir iwveven 

wylis obieqtis mdgomareobis gauaresebas. 

umetes SemTxvevaSi aseTi zewola dakavSirebulia garemodan nivTierebaTa damatebasTan an 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>asTan. es SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios narCeni produqtis Cadenam, magram aseve SeiZleba 

iyos romelime sxva saqmianobis narCeni produqtis gverdiTi efeqti, magaliTad 

nutrientebis (niadagis gamamdidreblebi) gamoJona sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo niadagidan. 

dabinZurebiT gamowveuli zewola aseve SeiZleba ganpirobebuli iyos modificirebuli 

danaleqis gamodeniT iseTi qmedebebis gamo, rogoricaa niadagis gamoyenebis cvlileba, 

magaliTad urbanizaciiT, satyeo meurneobiT, da cvlilebiT zamTrisa da gazafxulis 

marcvleulis naTesebSi. dabinZurebiT gamwveuli zewolis yvelaze Cveulebrivi dajgufeba 

unda gairCes Sereul da wertilovan wyaroebs Soris (ix. cxrili 3,2 da 3.3.) 

amasTan gansxvaveba wertilovan da Sereul wyaroebs Soris yovelTvis naTeli ar aris, da 

SeiZleba dakavSirebuli iyos sivrcobriv sazRvrebTan. magaliTad, dabinZurebuli niadagis 

arealebi SesaZloa ganxilul iyos, rogorc dabinZurebis Sereuli an wertilovani 

wyaroebi. 

Sereuli dabinZurebis dros mamoZravebeli Zalebi Cveulebriv pirdapir kavSirSi ar arian 

zewolebTan, magram dabinZureba aRwevs wylis obieqtebs hidrologiuri gzebiT. 

cxrili 3.2. zewolaTa Sereuli wyaroebis magaliTebi da maTi zegavlenani 

mamoZravebeli Zalis qmedeba dabinZurebis gamomwvevi gza 

SesaZlo cvlileba 

mdgomareobaSi an 

zegavlenaSi 

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30 



s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba 

sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo sakvebi 

elementis (nutrientis) 

kargva gamowveuli: 

* zedapiridan CamodeniT 

* niadagis eroziiT 

*xelovnuri drenaJis 

dinebiT 

*gamoJonviT (Senakadi, 

wyaros wyali da gruntis 

wyali) 

(Warbad moicavs niadagis 

gamamdidreblebs, nakels, 

da narCenebis mineralebs) 

zemoTnaxsenebi gzebiT 

pesticidebis kargva 

sakvebi elementebis 

(nutrientebis) mier 

ekosistemis modificirebiT 

toqsiuroba, sasmeli da 

teqnikuri wylis 

danadgarebis dabinZureba 

naleqis kargva niadagis, 

plastebis da 

mdinaris kalapotis 

eroziiT 

kalapotis daxSoba, 

uxerxemloTa erTobliobis 

cvlilebebi, sakvebi 

niadagebis kargva 

industriuli gamonabolqvi 

atmosferoSi 

transportireba 

azotis da gogirdis 

SenaerTebis daleqva 

damabinZureblis gadena 

marilis gamoyeneba 

yinulisaTvis 

herbicidebis gamoyeneba 

danadgarebis mwyobridan 

gamosvla 

zedapiruli da gruntis 

wylebis obieqtebis 

mJavianobis gazrda, wylis 

obieqtis wyalmcenareebiT 

dabinZureba (eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacia) 

wylis obieqtebis didi 

dabinZureba 

qloridebis gazrdili 

koncentracia 

mJavianobis gamzredeli 

qimikatebis momateba 

atmosferoSi, Semdgomi 

depoziciiT. 

cxrili 3.3. wertilovani wyaroebis zewolisa da zegavlenis magaliTebi 

mamoZravebeli Zalis 

moqmedeba 

industriuli 

(IPPC) da ara-IPPC 

urbanuli saqmianoba 

nagavsayreli 

zewola 

Txevadi narCenebis 

ganlageba zedapirul da 

gruntis wylebSi 

Txevadi narCenebis 

ganlageba zedapirul da 

gruntis wylebSi 

qimiuri gamonadeni 

filtratSi 

mdgomareobis an zegavlenis 


pirdapiri zemoqmedebis 

toqsikuri substanciebi, 

maRal Sewonili 

(suspendirebuli) 

gamonaleqi 

rogorc zemoT 

rogorc zemoT 

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31 



cxovelTa dasamarxi 

ormoebi 

(mag. epidemiis Semdgomi) 

dabinZurebuli filtrati 

rogorc zemoT 

y<strong>of</strong>ili xmeleTis gamoyeneba dabinZurebuli xmeleTi sxvadasxva 

Termuli energiis warmoqmna grili wylebis dabruneba 

iwvevs Termuli reJimis 

cvlilebas 

biocidebi gril wyalSi 

aweuli temperaturebi, 

gaxsnili Jangbadis 

Semcireba, cvlilebebi 

bioqimiuri procesebis 

xarisxSi 

pirdapiri toqsikuri 

efeqtebi wylian faunaze 

gruntis samuSaoebi 

Tevzebis moSeneba 

naleqis ganlageba 

substratis mocileba 

kveba, mkurnaloba, 

izolireba 

kalapotis daxSoba, 

uxerxemloTa erTobliobis 

cvlilebebi 

sacxovrebeli garemos 

kargva 

sakvebi elementebi 

(nutrientebi), daavadebebi, 

veterinaruli produqtebi, 

xelovnuri TevzsaSenebi, 

kvebis modificirebuli 

qseli 

raodenobrivi resursebis zewolebi 

raodenobrivi statusi specifikurad miTiTebulia WFD-s farglebSi mxolod gruntis 

wylebisTvis, magram raodenobrivi zewolebi unda Sefasdes yvela tipis wylis 

obieqtisaTvis. zedapiruli wylebisTvis es zewolebi gamoiyeneba hidromorfologiuri 

statusis SefasebisTvis. wylis yvela obieqtisaTvis raodenobrivi zewolebi aseve 

mniSvnelovania, radgan maT aqvT zemoqmedeba xsnadobaze, sicocxlis xangrZlivobaze, da 

Senaxvaze. 

raodenobrivi zewolebis magaliTebi mocemulia cxril 3.4-Si. 

cxrili 3. 4. raodenobrivi zewolis da maTi zegavlenis magaliTebi 


moqmedeba 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis da 

miwis gamoyenebis cvlileba 

wylis amoReba sairigaciod, 

sazogadoebrivi/kerZo 

danadgarebi 

zewola 

mcenareuli safaris mier 

modificirebuli wylis 

gamoyeneba, xmeleTis 

izolireba GAMOYENEBA 

dinebis Semcireba an wylis 

koleqtoris Senaxva 



gruntis wylis obieqtis 

cvalebadi Sevseba 

qimiuri gamonaJonebis 

Semcirebuli xsnadoba, 

Semcirebuli Senaxva, 

modificirebuli nakadi da 

ekologiuri reJimebi, 

mariliani wylis SeRweva, 

modificirebuli, 

damokidebuli, xmeleTis 

ekosistemebi 

xelovnuri Sevseba gazrdili Senaxva gazrdili gamodineba 

gruntis wylis dabinZureba 

wylis gadacema 

gazrdili nakadi wylis 

miRebisaTvis 

modificirebuli Termuli, 

dinebis da ekologiuri 

reJimebi 

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32 



hidromorfologiuri procesi 

raodenobriv statusze zegavlenis garda, hidromorfologiur zewolebs SeuZliaT 

pirdapiri zemoqmedeba moaxdinon zedapirul wylebze. magaliTebi moyvanilia cxril 3.5-Si. 

cxrili 3.5 

hidromorfologiuri zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa magaliTebi 


moqmedeba 

gruntis samuSaoebi 

fizikuri barierebi 

(dambebi, jebiri ) 

arxis modifikacia (e.w. 

gamarTva) 

zewola 

danaleqis ganlageba 

substratebis mocileba 

wylis donis cvlileba 

dinebis maxasiaTeblebis 

cvalebadoba (moculoba, 

siCqare, siRrme). barieris 

aRma da DdaRma nakadi. 

dinebis maxasiaTeblebis 

cvalebadoba (moculoba, 

siCqare, siRrme). 

biologiuri zewolebi 



kalapotis Seviwroeba, 

uxerxemloebis krebulis 

cvlilebebi 

sacxovreblis dakargva 

wylis cxrilis 

cvlilebebi, Waobiani 

adgilebis kargva, 

gamravlebis adgilebis 

kargva 

cvalebadi dinebis reJimi 

da sacxovrebeli garemo 

cvalebadi dinebis reJimi 

da sacxovrebeli garemo 

biologiuri zewolebis aris iseTi, romelTac pirdapiri zegavlena aqvT 

cocxal resursebze, rogorc raodenobrivze, ise xarisxobrivze. 

cxrili 3.6 

biologiuri zewolis da maTi zegavlenis magaliTebi 


moqmedeba 

meTevzeoba 

Sesavali ucxo 

saxeobebisaTvis 

zewola 

TevzWera 

Tevzis maragebi 

konkurencia Tevzis 

adgilobriv saxeobebTan 

3.3.2 meTodebi 



TevziT Raribi fauna, 

gansakuTrebiT migrirebadi 

da xmeleTTTan axlo 

binadari (amfibioturi) 

TevzebisaTvis 

veluri populaciebis 

genetikuri dabinZureba 

populaciaTa Canacvleba, 

sacxovrebeli garemos 

destruqcia, konkurencia 

sakvebze 

Sefaseba, Tu ramdenad mniSvnelovania zewola wylis obieqtze unda efuZnebodes zewolaTa 

codnas wylis mocemul arealze, aseve wylis dinebis, qimiuri Canadenis, biologiuri 

funqcionirebis konceptualuri gaazrebis garkveul formas wylis obieqtze mocemuli 

arealis farglebSi. sxva sityvebiT, unda arsebobdes garkveuli codna imisa, rom zewola 

gamoiwvevs zegavlenas wylis mocemuli arealis funqcionirebis 

garkveuli tipis gamo. aseTi codna, zewolaTa yvela cnobili formebis CamonaTvalTan da 

wylis mocemuli arealis dawvrilebiT daxasiaTebasTan erTad, mniSvnelovani zewolebis 

identificirebis saSualebas iZleva. AamasTan, aseTi midgoma xSirad iTvalsiwinebs or 

safexurs. pirvel safexurze, SesaZlebelia korelaciebis Sefaseba. amas gaaCnia 

monitorirebuli monacemebis gamoyenebis upiratesoba da ar sWirdeba rTuli hopoTezebi. 

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rodesac aucilebeli da saWiroa, SesaZloa moiTxoven gamoyenebul iqnas mizezobriobis 

mkacri Sefaseba. magaliTad ricxobrivi modelireba, rac moaxdens uamravi zewolisagan 

gamowveuli zegavlenebis simulacias. miuxedavad amisa, aseTi saSualebebi iSviaTadaa 

saimedo, radgan isini efuZnebian ekosistemis funqcionirebis hipoTezas. zogierTi 

albaTobis Sefaseba da modelebi ganxilulia zegavlenaTa Sefasebis seqciaSi. 

alternativa isaa, rom konceptualuri gaazreba CarTulia martivi wesebis krebulSi, 

romelic pirdapir migviTiTebs, aris Tu ara mniSvnelovani zewola. am tipis erT-erTi 

midgomaa zewolis sididis Sedareba wylis obieqtis Sesatyvis kriteriumTan, da 

zRurblTan. aseTi midgoma ar CaiTvleba validurad, iyenebs ra zRurblebis erT rigs 

evropaSi, radgan ase ver dgindeba wylis obieqtis kerZo maxasiaTeblebi da misi 

mgrZnobiaroba zewolis mimarT. es midgoma axdens zewolis identifikaciis efeqtur 

kombinirebas zegavlenis analizTan, da Tu romelime zRurbli momatebulia, wylis obieqti 

fasdeba, rogorc uunaro Seasrulos dakisrebuli amocana. simartivis gamo aseTi 

meTodikebi eqspertebis msjelobis Sem<strong>of</strong>argvlis efeqturi saSualebaa da damyarebulia 

seriozul mecnierebaze. es meTodebi aRwerilia ufro detalurad da magaliTebis moyvaniT 

seqcia 4.3-Si. is ufri efeqturia, Tu 

dawyvilebulia statusis monitoringTan, rogorc es mowodebulia magaliTebSi. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa warmatebuli Seswavla ver iqneba is, rac mosdevs winaswar 

ganmsazRvrel instruqcias. 

is iqneba kvleva, sadac mocemulia amocanaTa swori gaazreba, wylis obieqtis da mis 

irgvliv my<strong>of</strong>i arealis kargi aRwera (monitoringis monacemebis CaTvliT), da codna Tu 

rogor funqcionirebs wyalTan asocirebuli sistema (grafiki 3.2). gaTviTcnobierebaa 

saWiro, rogoria wylis obieqtebs Soris damokidebuleba mdinaris auzis raionSi, 

damokidebulebebi exeba dabinZurebas daRmavali nakadis tbebSi da sanapiro wylebSi 

(wyalmcenareebiT dabinZureba (eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacia), danaleqiT dabinZureba, bionarCenebis 

dagroveba) an aRmavali nakadis mdinareebis uwyvetobis sakiTxebs. aseT SemTxvevebSi 

zewolebi, romelnic iwveven zegavlenebs mxolod wylis obieqtidan daSorebiT, TavisTavad 

aseve unda CairTos analizSi. 

3.3.3. cvlilebebi zewolebsa da zegavlenebSi 

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34 



gansazRvrebis mixedviT zewolebi wertilovani wyaroebidan ar SeiZleba sivrcobrivad 

erTiani iyos, magram savaraudod aseve simarTlea, rom zewolebi Sereuli wyaroebidan, 

raodenobrivi zewolebi wylis obieqtis mimdebare arealze sivrcobrivad cvalebadia. 

rogorc vaxseneT, aseve simarTlea rom specifikuri zewola yovelTvis ar iwvevs 

garkveul zegavlenas. sazRvrebi, rogorc droebiTi, aseve sivrcobrivi aris erT-erTi 

sakiTxi, romelic gansazRvravs zewolis zegavlenas. wylis obieqtis mimdebare arealis 

sxva gansazRvrebebs aseve SeiZleba hqondeT zegavlena da cxadia rom kerZo maxasiaTebeli 

dakavSirebuli iqneba zewolis bunebasTan. magaliTad, mJave wvimis zegavlena ufro didi 

iqneba mimdebare arealze, moTavsebulze granitis geologiaze Txeli niadagiT, romelsac 

aqvs mJavas neitralizaciis mcire SesaZlebloba, vidre mimdebare arealze kiris geologiiT 

(kiqva an carci) da niadagiT mJavis maRali neitralizaciis SesaZleblobiT. 

es efeqtebi damaxasiaTebelia sxva zewilebisTvisac, magaliTad nitratebis kerZo 

problemebi nitratebis mimarT mgrZnobiare zonebSi, 

da koncefcia gruntis wylebis mgrZnobiarobaze dabinZurebis mimarT, romelic ikvlevs 

gruntis wylis obieqtebTan dakavSirebul mraval maxasiaTebels. 

mravalferovnebis aRiarebas mivyavarT or daskvnamde. pirveli, ufro advilia Seiqmnas 

instruqcia, romelic adgens yvela saxis zewolas 

(e.w potenciuri zewolebi) vidre mniSvnelovan zewolebs (isini, romelTac SeuZliaT 

zegavlenis gamowveva, iseve rogorc obieqtis miznis Cagdeba). ukanaskneli ZiriTadad 

moiTxovs SemTxvevidan SemTxvevamde Sefasebas, romelic iTvaliswinebs kerZo wylis 

obieqtis da misi mimdebare arealis maxasiaTeblebs. 

meorec, situaciebSi sadac zewolaTa mravalferovnebam SesaZlebelia ganapirobos 

zegavlena sxvadasxva statusis mqone wylis obieqtis sxvadasxva nawilSi, mizanSewonili 

iqneba Tavidan dadgindes wylis obieqtis sazRvrebi, imisaTvis rom SemuSavdes RonisZiebebis 

praqtikuli programa TiToeuli maTganisaTvis. sadac es gakeTebulia, aRniSvna 

dasawyisSive mosdevs wylis obieqtis gamosay<strong>of</strong> ,,wesebs” , romelic dadgenilia komisiis 

instruqciiT (d’eugenio, 2002). 

3.4. zegavlenaTa Sefaseba 

zegavlenaTa Sefaseba wylis obieqtze moiTxovs garkveul raodenobriv informacias TviT 

wylis obieqtis mdgomareobis aRwerisTvis, da /an zewolisa, romelic masze moqmedebs. 

analizis tipi imazea damokidebuli, Tu ra monacemebia xelmisawvdomi. garda gansazRvruli, 

asaTvisebeli procesisa, da mniSvnelovan zewolaTa identifikaciisa, ise rogorc zemoTaa 

aRwerili, Sefaseba moiTxovs imis konceptualur gagebas, Tu ra iwvevs zegavlenebs. 

magaliTad, yvelaze martivad SesaZlebelia, rom gamonadeni Caedinos mdinareSi, tbaSi an 

sanapiro wyalSi, da savaraudoa rom iyos wylis xarisxis lokaluri cvlileba mainc, 

romelic adeqvaturad SeiZleba Sefasdes konservatiuli, Sereuli modeliT. bevr 

situaciaSi, aseTi tipis martivi midgoma SeiZleba mTlianad misaRebi iyos zewolaTa 

zegavlenis Sesafaseblad. amasTan, realur situaciaSi, iarsebebs wylis mimdebare arealTa 

mravali tipi, wylis obieqtebis tipi, urTierTqmedi zewolebi, procesis 

konceptualizaciebi, monacemebis saWiroebani da SesaZlo zegavlenani, da aseTi martivi 

modelis aTviseba yvela SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa miamiturad CaiTvalos. 

aseve naTelia, rom rac dasawyisSi martiv Sefasebad iTvleba, SeiZleba Seicavdes damalul 

sirTuleebs. magaliTad, amoRebiT gamowveuli zewoliT gruntis wylis obieqtis 

raodenobrivi statusis zegavlena SeiZleba gamokvleul iqnas martivi wylis wonasworobis 

modeliT, sadac cvlileba SenaxvaSi warmodgenilia gansxvavebiT Sevsebis xarisxsa da 

gadenis jams Soris, amoRebis damatebiT. kargi raodenobrivi statusis ganmsazRvreli 

erT-erTi kriteriumi aris is, rom gadena da amoReba SeiZleba mimdinareobdes xangrZlivi 

drois ganmavlobaSi. done, romelzec unda SenarCundes gadena aris is, romelzec kargi 

ekologiuri statusi miiRweva nebismier asocirebul zedapirul wylebSi. Aamgvarad, rac 

warmoadgens gruntis wylis obieqtis martiv wylis balanss, sinamdvileSi moiTxovs 

ekologiuri da asocirebuli zedapiruli wylis obieqtis ekologiuri dinebis moTxovnebis 

statusis codnas da gagebas. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizisTvis ar SeiZleba daskvnis gamotana, rom es analizi 

SeiZleba miRwevadi gaxdes mxolod detaluri, procesze damyarebuli, ricxobrivi 

kompiuteruli modelis SedgeniT erTianad dakavSirebuli zedapiruli da gruntis wylis 

obieqtebisaTvis. am tipis midgoma SesaZlebelia, zogierT situaciasa da magaliTze, 

romelic aRwerilia saSualebaTa TavSi (seqcia 4). praqtikaSi, informacia romelic saWiroa 

modelirebis midgomis asaTviseblad, naklebad xelmisawvdomia amJamad da savaraudod, 

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ZiriTadad ar iqneba xelmisawvdomi winaswargansazRvrul momavalSi. sagulisxmoa, rom 

sawyisi analizi Cveulebriv damyarebulia naklebad momTxovn meTodebze, romelTa saWiro 

monacemebi xelmisawvdomia, magaliTad, wnevis skriningis saSualebebi (ixileT seqcia 4.2 da 

4.3). aseTi analizi moiTxovs daxvewas, 

radgan Semdgomi analizi saWiroa riskis dasadgenad, Sesatyvisi monacemebis mosapoveblad 

da gamosadegi saSualebebis SesamuSaveblad. 

dakvirvebis monacemebis gamoyeneba zegavlenaTa Sesafaseblad 

situaciebSi, roca monacemebi xelmisawvdomia Tavad wylis obieqtisaTvis, SesaZlebelia 

moxdes zegavlenis pirdapiri Sefaseba. monacemebis tipebi, romelnic SesaZloa gamoyenebul 

iyvnen imdenad gansxvavebulni arian, ramdenadac TviT zegavlenani (ix. cxrili 3.7). 

Tavad monacemebi ar aris sakmarisi SesaZlo zegavlenaTa Sesafaseblad: mosalodneli 

zegavlenis swori maCvenebeli unda Sedgenil iqnas. metic, unda davimaxsovroT, rom 

zewolaTa umravlesoba ar iwvevs gamokveTil zegavlenas, magram mniSvnelovnad cvlis mavne 

pirobebis albaTobas. amis magaliTia, gadaadgilebebi hidrologiur reJimSi: bunebrivi 

hidrologiuri reJimi ar aris saxarbielo Tevzebis sicocxlisaTvis drois 100%-Si. 

zegavlenaTa Sefaseba amowmebs imis gansazRvras, saxarbielo pirobebis alabaTobis romeli 

cvlileba warmoadgens muqaras ekosistemisaTvis. zogadad xelmisawvdomi hidrologiuri 

maCveneblebi ar arian gamosadegi. magaliTad, Tevzis trapi sakmarisia, Tu avseba garkveul 

farglebSia, garkveul droSia da wlis garkveuli momentisTvisaa, rodesac migrirebadi 

Tevzebi warmodgenilni arian. aRniSnuli moiTxovs specifikur gaangariSebas, damyarebuls 

dRiuri Sevsebis statistikaze da eqspertebis Tvalsazrisze ( avsebis ra monacemia da ra 

droisTvis). 

wylis xarisxis statistika aseve qmnis specifikur siZneelebs. mdgomareobis Sedareba (aris 

zegavlena?) moiTxovs rigi monacemebis Sedarebas. safuZvliani Sedarebis Casatareblad, 

gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas monacemebis Sinagani struqtura, raTa xelmisawvdomi iyos 

normaluri cvalebadoba. wliuri monacemebis sezonuri da hidrologiuri komponentis 

mocileba, mniSvnelovnad amcirebs gamoTvlis cvalebadobas da drois mokle SualedSi 

monitorirebuli monacemebis nakrebebs Soris Sedarebis saSualebas iZleva. es daxvewili 

statistikuri teqnika ar aris familiaruli evropeli wylis eqspertebisaTvis. 

cxrili 3.7. SesaZlo zegavlenani an statusis cvlilebebi, romelnic SesaZloa dadgindnen 

monitoringis monacemebiT 

biologiuri xarisxis elementebi 

makr<strong>of</strong>itebi 

fitoplanqtoni 

planqtonuri yvavili 

zRvis flora-faunis uxerxemloebi 

Tevzi 

wyalmcenareebiT dabinZureba 

(eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacia) 

hidromorfologiuri xarisxis elementebi 

hidrologiuri reJimi 

moqcevis reJimi 

mdinaris uwyvetoba 

morfologia 

Semadgenlobis simravle 

biomasis Semadgenlobis simravle 

sixSiris intensiuroba 

Semadgenlobis simravle 

Semadgenlobis simravle, asakis struqtura 

qlor<strong>of</strong>ilis koncentracia 

wylis dinebis dinamika da raodenoba, 

kavSiri gruntis wylebTan, arsebobis dro 

mtknari wylis dineba, dominanturi 

dinebis mimarTuleba, talRis 

gamoxatuleba 

siRrmis da siganis cvalebadoba, 

raodenoba, sanapiro zolis kalapotis 

struqtura da substrati, tbis napiri an 

moqcevaTa Sorisi zona 

qimiuri da fiziko-qimiuri xarisxis elementebi 

gamWvirvaloba 

mTlianad suspendirebuli SenaerTebis 

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koncentracia, SemRvreva, gamWvirvaloba 

TeTri diskis mixedviT (m) 

Termuli pirobebi 

temperatura (C°) 

Jangvis (oqsigenaciis) pirobebi 


gamtarebloba 

gamtarianoba 

totalurad gaxsnili SenaerTebis 

gardaqmna koncentrirebulad 

marilianoba 


sakvebi elementebis (nutrientebis) 

azotis da fosforis koncentracia, 

mdgomareoba 

datvirTva zRvis dacvis TvalsazrisiT 

qimiuri da fiziko-qimiuri xarisxis elementebi 

mJavianobis mdgomareoba 

pH 

tutianoba 

mJavis neitralizaciis SesaZlebloba (ANC) 

prioritetuli substanciebi 

sxva damabinZureblebi 



modelirebis midgoma 

modelirebis midgoma iZleva zegavlenaTa Sefasebis saSualebas, da amis gamo unda 

gaTvaliswindes rogorc daqvemdebarebuli, aseve damatebiTi, wylis obieqtis monitoringis 

monacemebi. mdinareTa qselisaTvis SemuSavebulia uamravi modelirebis teqnika 

originaluri namuSevridan gaxsnil Jangbadze da BOD-idan, romelic daibeWda 1925 wels 

Streeter da Phelips-is mier. am tipis martivi modelebi farTodaa xelmisawvdomi, magram 

gansxvavdebian modelirebuli qimiuri determinantebis rigiT, warmodgenili procesiT, da 

maTi ricxobrivi CarCoebiT. aseTi modelebi, sworad gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi, ZiriTadad 

kargia wylis xarisxis warmosadgenad mdinaris gaswvriv, sadac gamodena wertilovani 

wyaroebidan da Senakadebidan kargadaa cnobili an SesaZloa jerovnad Sefasdes. 

magaliTis gamoyeneba mocemulia TavSi saSualebebis Sesaxeb. 

mdinareTa aseTi modelebis naklovaneba aris is, rom isini Sereuli wyaroebis Semotanils 

warmoadgenen, rogorc calkeul wertilovan wyaroebs, da modelis asamoqmedeblad es unda 

ganisazRvros an monacemebis gamoyenebiT, an Sereuli ( asocirebuli arealis) modeliT. 

Sereuli modeli TavisTavad SeiZleba martivi iyos, magaliTad nutrientebis kargva 

SeiZleba daeyrdnos eqsportis koeficientebs, romelnic warmoadgenen aqtivobebs wyalTan 

asocirebul arealze. aseTi modeli faqtiurad raodenobrivad gansazRvravs difuzuri 

wyaroebidan gamomdinare zewolas, vidre zegavlenas wylis obieqtze, da am saxiT is 

aRwerilia saSualebebis Sesaxeb TavSi (seqcia 4). am seqciaSi aseve aRwerilia saSualebebi, 

romelnic afaseben wertilovani wyaroebis datvirTvas mimReb wylis obieqtebze. 

martivi da sando modelirebis midgomebi xelmisawvdomia yvela tipis wylis obieqtisaTvis, 

romelic aRiarebulia WFD-s mier. es modelebi SesaZloa warmoadgendnen erTeul domens ( 

mag. mdinares, tbas, gamaval 

wyals, sanapiro wyals an gruntis wyals) an moicavdes mraval da, yvela domens erTi 

CarCos farglebSi. es modelebi warmoadgenen dinebis reJimis mravalferovan aspeqtebs, 

hidromorfologias, wylis obieqtis hidroqimias, damoukideblad an integrirebuli CarCos 

farglebSi. wylis obieqtis modelebis magaliTebi moyvanilia seqcia 4.4.-Si. 

cxadia, rom am gansxvavebuli domenebis modelebis kompleqsuroba SeiZleba Zalian 

gaizardos zemoT aRwerili SedarebiT martivi ganxorcielebidan. magram, cxadia es ar 

niSnavs imas, rom martivi modeli yovelTvis nakleb zusti iqneba, vidre kompleqsuri 

(rTuli ) modeli. 

modelebi aseve arseboben wylis nakadis garemo pirobebis daxasiaTebisaTvis, mravali 

maTgani gamoiyeneba dasaxlebuli garemos pirobebis winaswar gansazRvrisaTvis dinebis 

sxvadasxva pirobebis dros. 

am tipis modelis mosalodneli Sedegi SeiZleba meryeobdes nakadis dinebis fizikuri 

Sablonis cudad daxasiaTebidan, biologiuri SefasebisaTvis garkveuli gamoyenebamde. 

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fizikuri aRwerilobis modelebi SemuSavebulia mocemuli wylis arxis nakadis cvlilebis 

xarisxis Sesafaseblad, zogierT saCvenebel pirobebTan kavSirSi. 

biologiaze damyarebuli modelebi SemuSavebulia, rom gansazRvros saxeobebis arsebuli 

maragi mocemuli wylis nakadis fizikuri maxasiaTeblebidan. amasTan, am or kides Soris 

arsebobs sacxovrebeli garemos rigi modelebi gamiznuli sxva SedegebisaTvis, rogoricaa 

saxeobaTa mier sacxovrebeli garemos gamoyeneba, sacxovrebeli garemos xarisxi (e.w. 

ekologiuri potenciali ZiriTadi saxeobebisaTvis) an garemo pirobebis vargisianobis 

xangrZlivobis periodi. 

dakvirvebis monacemebis gamoyeneba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sefasebis dasaxvewad. 

minitoringis monacemebma SeuZlia miuTiTon, rom ar arsebobs mimdinare zegavlenebi. es 

informacia TavisTavad aCvenebs rom aranairi zewola, dadgenili sawyisi skriningis 

procesSi, ar aris mniSvnelovani, an drois Sualedi romelic saWiroa imisTvis, rom 

zewolam warmoSvas zegavlena, romelsac jer ar Cauvlia. ukanasknels aqvs gansakuTrebuli 

mniSvneloba rodesac xdeba gruntis wylis obieqtebis Sefaseba, sadac damabinZureblebi 

Zalian nela mogzauroben. aseTi monacemebis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia modelis 

Sesamowmeblad, rom Canadenis, da SigniT arsebuli procesis modelireba sworad axdens 

dakvirvebis monacemebis reproduqcias. 

rodesac wylis obieqtebze dakvirvebis monacemebi ar migviTiTeben rom zewola iwvevs 

zegavlenas, SesaZloa arsebobdes mizezobrivi kavSiri zegavleniT sxva wylis obieqtebze, 

igive mdinaris auzis raionSi. magaliTad, garemos amocanebis Sesruleba aRmavali dinebis 

arealebSi ar aris sakmarisi igive amocanebis SeTavsebisaTvis daRmavali nakadis 

arealebSi. aRniSnuli moiTxovs kavSirs da TanamSromlobas mdinaris auzis raionis 

sxvadasxva nawilebs Soris. 

situaciebSi, sadac dakvirvebis monacemebi miuTiTeben zegavlenis arsebobas, codna 

zegavlenis bunebis Sesaxeb xels Seuwyobs zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizs. 

gasaTvaliswinebelia sami SemTxveva: 

1. tradiciuli situaciebi, sadac raodenobrivad gansazRvruli zegavlena qimiuri da 

fiziko-qimiuri parametrebis terminebiT, aWarbebs zRurbls. es SeiZleba garkveulwilad 

mimarTul iqnas martivi konceptualuri modelis, an cnobili qmedebebis da 

asocirebuli zewolebis gamoyenebisaken. analizi msgavsia zemoTaRwerili midgomebisa im 

gansxvavebiT, rom Sedegi cnobilia da ZiriTadad emsaxureba procesis dros gamoTqmuli 

sxvadasxva mosazrebebis Sefasebas. 

1. zegavlena raodenobrivad fasdeba biologiuri efeqtis terminebiT, Tumca gamomwvevi 

fiziko-qimiuri da hidromorfologiuri zewola gasagebi ar aris. am SemTxvevaSi 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi SeiZleba Catardes im molodiniT, rom mizezi 

dadgindeba, da saWiro zoma miRebul iqneba maSinac ki, Tu kavSiri mTlianad ar aris 

gaazrebuli. es albaT Tanxlebuli iqneba SesaZlo mizezebis Semdgomi biologiuri 

kvlevebiT; da 

2. am or mizezs Soris iarsebebda biologiuri efeqti, sadac SesaZlo fiziko-qimiuri 

da hidromorfologiuri efeqti sul cota nawilobriv maincaa gagebuli. am aspeqtSi, 

analizi unda Catardes rogorc pirvel-Si, magram naklebad gaazrebuli informaciiT, 

rom gaaTviTcnobieron procesis Rirebuleba. 

am situaciebidan ukanaskneli oris gaazreba didadaa damokidebuli informaciaze, romelic 

modis REFCOND samuSao jgufidan, da CIS interkalibraciuli kvlevidan (miniSneba WFD CIS 

instruqciaze # 10 da 6, Sesabamisad). 

am situaciebidan samiveSi, albaT ufro advilia imis gageba, Tu rogor iwvevs dabinZurebis 

zewola fiziko-qimiur statusis cvlilebebs, romelmac SeiZleba ganapirobos zegavlena 

biologiur statusze, da gaTvaliswinebul iqnas kavSirebi zewolodan zegavlenaze da 

piriqiT, zegavlenidan zewolaze. hidromorfologiuri zewolebisaTvis kavSirebi naklebad 

naTelia. 

HMWB instruqcia gvTavazobs garkveul daxmarebas sxvadasxva tipis biologiur 

indikatorebTan an hidromorfologiur zewolasTan dakavSirebiT (cxrili 3.8). 

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cxrili 3.8 

morfologiur zewolaTa biologiuri indikatorebi 

(aRebulia WFD CIS instruqciidan #4 HMWB-ze). 

indikatori 

Waobiani adgilebis uxerxemloTa fauna da 

Tevzebi 

grZel distanciebze migrirebadi Tevzebis 

jiSebi 

makr<strong>of</strong>itebi 

Waobis uxerxemloebi da 

makr<strong>of</strong>itebi.fitobenTosi 

zewola 

wylis Zalis generaciis zegavlena 

mtknari wylis sistemebze 

mdinaris uwyvetobis aRweriloba, romelic 

iwvevs dagvianebas migraciul procesSi 

dineba rezervuarebidan 

regulirebuli tbebi (cvlilebebi dinebis 

reJimSi) 

wrfivi fizikuri cvlilebebi, rogoricaa 

wyaldidobis moqmedeba 

Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebis SerCeva mdinareTa auzebis doneze 

3.5.1 Sesavali 

instruqciis seqcia 2.3.6 –Si, Sesavali mocemulia rogorc kompleqsuri midgoma qimiuri 

damabinZureblebis mimarT WFD-s ,,kargi ekologiuri statusis “ da ,,kargi qimiuri 

statusis” koncefciis farglebSi. maSin rodesac ,,prioritetuli substanciebi “ naTladaa 

dadgenili damateba X-Si, erT-erTi ZiriTadi SekiTxva zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis 

konteqstiT aris specfikuri damabinZureblebis SerCeva (gansxvavebuli prioritetuli 

substanciebisgan), risTvisac monacemebi zewolaTa Sesaxeb unda Segrovdes imis dasadgenad, 

arsebobs Tu ara zegavlenebi mdinaris auzis (raionis) sxvadasxva wylis obieqtisaTvis. 

Semdgomi muxlebi gvaZlevs ZiriTad midgomas, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas wylis 

obieqtebis specifikuri damabinZureblebis Sesatyvisi CamonaTvalis SesarCevad mdinaris 

auzis farglebSi. 

(naxsenebia rogorc ,,Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebi”). ufro meti specifikuri magaliTebi 

mowodebulia am instruqciis damateba IV-Si. 

naTelia, rom aseTi midgoma aTvisebul da daxvewil unda iqnas specifikuri 

situaciebisaTvis TiToeuli mdinaris auzze. 

am SemTxvevaSi, unda ganimartos rom WFD-s moTxovnebi dakavSirebulia zogierT amocanasTan 

individualuri damabinZureblisaTvis wylis obieqtze. amasTan, aucilebeli iqneba mivsdioT 

sam (an met) safexurian midgomas raTa mxedvelobaSi iqnas miRebuli wyliani garemos 

dabinZurebis problemebis gansxvavebuli farglebi: 

1. evropis done: ,,prioritetuli substanciebi” (damateba X) warmoadgens evropisaTvis 

Sesatyvis CamonaTvals. es substanciebi gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa analizSi da ,,amocanaTa Seusruleblobis riski” gamokvleul unda 

iqnas wylis yvela obieqtisaTvis. 

2. mdinaris auzis (raionis) done: am Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebis CamonaTvali 

SesaZloa dadgindes, romelnic atareben ,,amocanaTa Seusruleblobis risks” didi 

raodenobiT wylis obieqtebze auzis farglebSi da sadac daRmavali wylis efeqtebi 

(zRvis garemos CaTvliT) gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas. aseT substanciebs SeiZleba 

ewodos ,,mdinaris auzis Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebi”. 

3. qve-mdinaris auzis wylis obieqtis done: damabinZureblebi, romelnic zegavlenas 

iwveven mniSvnelovani regionuli da lokaluri zewolebiT, magaliTad, erT an 

ramodenime wylis obieqtze, unda gaTvaliswinebul iqnas zemoT naxseneb doneebze 

damatebiT. 

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amgvarad, sakiTxebi, Tu rogor SevarCioT Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebis CamonaTvali, 

dakavSirebulia mniSvnelovan zewolebTan da zegavlenebTan. 

idealur SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa arsebobdes aSkara damokidebuleba garemoSi 

gamoTavisuflebul damabinZureblebs Soris garkveuli raodenobiT kargad cnobili 

wyaroebidan da iwvevdes TvalsaCino an Sefasebad efeqtebs wylis obieqtis biologiaze. 

aRniSnuli varaudobs sul cota karg codnas gamoyenebaze, an zewolis saitis dabinZurebis 

wyaroebze, damabinZureblis gaCenaze statusis mixedviT da/an efeqtebze zegavlenaTa 

mxares. amasTan, mocemulia ra damabinZureblebis didi ricxvi, arsebobs informaciis da 

monacemebis mniSvnelovani ukmarisoba mravali damabinZureblisaTvis, kerZod: 

• bevr SemTxvevaSi da mravali damabinZureblisaTvis, zewolebi ar ukavSirdeba 

statuss an zegavlenas monacemebis simwiris gamo 

• damabinZureblebis mxolod SezRuduli raodenoba monitorirdeba uwyvetad da 

regularulad. 

• damokidebulevba damabinZureblebs da zegavlenas Soris faravs ekotoqsikologiis 

mTel sferos. magaliTad, mwvave/qronikuli an kombinirebuli efeqtebi unda 

moxsendes? 

miuxedavad amisa, zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi aris pirveli mniSvnelovani nabiji 

im damabinZureblebis saidentifikaciod romelnic SemdgomSi regulirdebian WFD-s 

konteqstiT, anu inter alia monitoringi da RonisZiebaTa programa. 

EFD-s amosavali wertili aris ,,ZiriTadi damabinZureblebis“ CamonaTvali, romelic 

naxsenebia damateba VIII-Si. es CamonaTvali SeiZleba CaiTvalos ,,qimikatebis samyaros” 

eqvivalenturad, ise rom arcerTi qimiuri substancia da damabinZurebeli ar iqnas 

amoRebuli dasawyisSive. 

gamowvevaa, rom SemuSavdes ganmeorebadi midgoma, romelic Seamcirebs nivTierebaTa 

daumTavrebel CamonaTvals damabinZureblebis marTvad raodenobamde, pragmatul da 

miznobriv nabij-nabiji gziT (,, uxeSidan daxvewilamde”). saboloo mizania daigegmos 

RonisZiebebi da moxdes pirvelad im substanciaTa monitoringi, romelnic yvelaze metad 

zemoqmedeben wylian garemos sxvadasxva doneze, rogorc zemoTaa naxsenebi. am kuTxiT, 

,,garemos xarisxis standarti: (EQS) romelic dadgenilia damateba V—is 1.2.6.-is mixedviT 

aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani orientiri, radgan warmoadgens sazRvars ,,kargsa” da 

,,saSualo” mdgomareobas Soris. amasTan, arsebobs rigi sxva amocanebisa, romelnic unda 

Sefasdes zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis konteqstiT, rogoricaa ,,ar aris 

gauareseba”, anu dabinZurebis Semcireba rogorc tendencia da kargi statusis 

Seusruleblobis Tavidan acileba. 

Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebis CamonaTvali SeiZleba Seicvalos WFD-s ganxorcielebis 

sxvadasxva safexurze ZiriTadad, analizisa da Sefasebis daxvewis dros. 

pirvel rigSi, saWiroa dadgindes damabinZureblebis CamonaTvali, risTvisac tardeba 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi (damTavrebuli 2004 wels). mxolod, Tu 

gansazRvruli ,,kandidati substanciebis CamonaTvali” dadginda, SesaZleblia, rom 

Segrovdes monacemebi zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sesaxeb. 

am pirveli analizisTvis, ar iqneba SesaZlebeli EQSs-is mopoveba yvela kandidati 

substanciebisaTvis. am SemTxvevaSi, alternatiuli skriningis saniSneebi misaRebia. 

meorec, saWiroa im damabinZureblebis SerCeva, romelTaTvisac Segrovilia damatebiTi 

informacia ,,gadarCenis monitoringis” meSveobiT (2006 wlisaTvis). es substanciebi 

SeiZleba warmoadgendnen damabinZureblebis qve-CamonaTvals, romelTaTvisac 

garkveulobis done 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis dros sakmarisi ar aris. 

sabolood, unda dadgindes romeli zomebis misaRebadaa momzadebuli Sesatyvisi 

damabinZureblebis CamonaTvali ( 2007/2008 wlisaTvis). 

am procesis dros, mniSvnelovania rom Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebis evolucia 

gamWvirvaled darCes da aSkarad iyos dakavSirebuli WFD-s miznebTan da moTxovnebTan. 

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rogorc sabolooo SeniSvna, unda aRiniSnos rom WFD-s damateba V askvnis rom unda 

dadgindes prioritetuli, da sxva substanciebi, romelnic ,,gamoiy<strong>of</strong>ian” wylis 

obieqtze. saubedurod, termini gamoy<strong>of</strong>a WFD-SI ar aris gansazRvruli, magram mxolod 

saSiSi substanciebis direqtivaSi (sabWos direqtiva 76/464/EEC), anu zogadi 

terminologiiT, saxelwodebiT ,,Sesavali wylebSi” . sapirispirod termini ,gamoy<strong>of</strong>a” 

xSirad gamoiyeneba gamonaJonis wertilovani wyaroebisTvis. damateba II naTlad 

moiTxovs yvela zewolis (mniSvnelovani) identifikacias wertilovani da Sereuli 

wyaroebidan da mocemulia, rom WFD ZiriTadad saubrobs ,,gamoy<strong>of</strong>aze, gamoJonaze da 

kargvaze”, TvalsaCinoa, rom farTo interpretacia, romelic faravs yvela wyaros da 

gzebs wylian garemoSi gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas WFD-s farglebSi. 

3.5.2 saerTo midgoma 

saerTo midgoma dazustebulia cxrilSi 3.9. da ilustrirebulia grafikSi 3.3. miqcieT 

yuradReba, rom safexurebi warmodgenilia wrfivad, magram urTierTqmedeben erTmaneTTan 

ufro kompleqsuri gziT (rogorc miTiTebulia isrebiT grafik 3.3-Si). 

cxrili 3.9 zogadi midgoma specifikuri damabinZureblebis identifikaciisaTvis 

1. sawyisi wertili 

ZiriTadi damabinZureblebis mimaniSnebeli CamonaTvali dadgenili direqtivis VIII 

damatebaSi. mxolod 1- =dan 9=mde dasaxelebis qveS arsebuli damabinZureblebi 

saWiroeben Semdeg ganxilvas, rogorc potenciurad specifikuri damabinZureblebi. 

damabinZureblebi damateba 10,11 da 12 niSnis qveS, arian zogadad fiziko-qimiuri 

xarisxis elementebi da calke ganixilebian. 

2. skriningi 

mTeli xelmisawvdomi informaciis skriningi dabinZurebis wyaroebze, damabinZureblebis 

zemoqmedeba, damabinZureblebis warmoqmna da gamoyeneba im damabinZureblebis 

dasadgenad, romelnic gamoiy<strong>of</strong>ian wylis obieqtebze mdinaris auzis raionSi. 

skriningis safexuris dros, SeiZleba gamovarCioT ori qve-safexuri: a) informaciis 

dagroveba, da b) damabinZureblebis CamonaTvalis mopoveba. 

2ª. informaciis Segroveba 

monacemebi: 

• wyaro/seqtoruli analizi: warmoebis procesi, gamoyeneba, mkurnaloba, gamoJonva.. 

• zegavlenani: wylis obieqtze damabinZureblebis gaCenis cvlileba (wylis 

xarisxis monitoringis monacemebi, specialuri mimoxilvebi; 

• damabinZureblebi: damabinZureblebis Sinagani Tvisebebi, romelnic zegavlenas 

axdenen wylian garemoSi Camaval savaraudo gzebze. 

informacia arsebuli davalebebidan da programebidan: 

• prioritetuli substanciebi; 

• 76/464 

• UNEP POPs CamonaTvali 

• EPER 

• <strong>COM</strong>PPS 

• 793/93-is Sedegebi, momxmareblebis CamonaTvali, a.S. 

2b. damabinZureblebis CamonaTvalis mopoveba 

informaciis Segroveba, romelic mopovebulia 2ª safexuris dros, Sedegad iZleva im 

damabinZureblebis samuSao CamonaTvals, romelnic dadgenilia, rom gamoiy<strong>of</strong>a wylis 

obieqtze. am damabinZureblebis umetesoba arCeuli iqneba mwvervali- qvemoT da fskerizemoT 

midgomiT ( ix. Semdgom Tavi 6, WRc-s magaliTi ,,Sesatyvisi damabinZureblebis 

seleqcia (mdinaris auzis substanciebi) gamocdileba sabWos direqtividan 76/464.) 

damabinZureblebi, romelTa Sesaxebac arsebobs rwmuneba, rom isini ar gamoiy<strong>of</strong>ian 

wylis obieqtebze SesaZloa gamoiricxon Semdgomi ganxilvidan. 

3. testi Sesabamisobaze 

safexuri 2 moicavs wylis obieqtebze CaRvril damabinZureblebis identifikacias. 

safexuri 3 gamoy<strong>of</strong>s am damabinZureblebisgan imaT, romelTac SeuZliaT miayenon, an 

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ukve zians ayeneben garemos. es damokidebulia damabinZureblebis Sinagan Tvisebebze, 

maT qcevasa da bedze garemoSi, da maTi CaRvris raodenobaze. idealSi, seleqcia 

emyareba koncentraciebis mniSvnelobas garemosaTvis ( da koncentraciebis tendenciebs), 

rac fasdeba damabinZureblebis an maTi daSlis priduqtebisaTvis wylis obieqtze. 

amasTan, efeqtebis monacemebi an winaswargansazRvruli datvirTvebi SeiZleba aseve 

Sesatyvisi aRmoCndes seleqciis procesisaTvis. 

ori qve-safexuri gaTvaliswinebulia Sesabamisobis testSi a) koncentraciebis 

gansazRvra wylis obieqtebze, da b) Sefasebuli koncentraciebis Sedareba Sesabamis 

,,saniSneebTan”. 

3ª. koncentraciebis Sesaxeb monacemebis mopoveba, da datvirTvebi zedapirul wylis 

obieqtebze. 

monitoringiT: gazomili monacemebi; 

modelirebiT: Sefasebuli monacemebi (mopovebuli modelebidan, dawyebuli martivi 

kalkulaciiT kompleqsur modelebamde, rogorc es naxsenebia me-4 TavSi, saSualebebi. 

koncentraciebiis Sedareba saniSneebTan. 

damabinZureblebi, romelnic dadgenilia me-2 safexurze, SesaZloa gamoiricxos, 

rodesac maTi koncentraciebi SefasebiT ufro dabalia, vidre Sesatyvisi kritikuli 

mniSvnelobebis umetesoba, rogorc es Sefasebulia LC50, NOEC,PNEC,EQS an kritikuli 

datvirTva. 

EQSs: asaxavs wylis obieqtis karg mdgomareobas. isini unda miRebul iqnas 

ekotoqsikologiuri monacemebidan. EQSs: monacemebis gadaWarbeba CaiTvleba zianis 

momtanad garemosaTvis. sadac SesaZlebelia, monitorirebuli an Sefasebuli 

koncentraciebi unda Sedarebul iqnas Sesatyvis EQS-Tan. 

kritikuli datvirTvebi: identificireba zogierT Sesamcirebel programaSi (e.w. 

CrdiloeTis zRvis programa) moiTxovs datvirTvis Semcirebas zogierTi 

damabinZureblisaTvis. saWiroa, rom mxolod kritikuli (garemosaTvis mniSvnelovani) 

datvirTvebi iqnas gaTvaliswinebul specifikuri damabinZureblebis dadgenisas. 

SeniSvnebi: 

arsebuli EQS-yovelTvis ar asaxavs koncentraciebis faqtiur efeqtebs. 

amas garda, EQS ar aris mopovebuli yvela specifikuri potenciuri 

damabinZureblisaTvis. saukeTeso Sefaseba EQS-isaTvis unda gamoyenebul iqnas 

ekotoqsikologiis uaxles monacemebze dafuZnebiT. monitoringis programebidan 

miRebuli efeqtebis monacemebi unda gaTvaliswinebul iqnas, sadac es SesaZlebelia. 

bunebrivi sabaziso koncentraciebi SesaZloa aRematebodes EQSs-s ara-sinTezuri 

damabinZureblebisaTvis. 

gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas naleqis an bionarCenebis potenciuri dagroveba. 

deteqciis sazRvrebi unda ugulvebely<strong>of</strong>ili iqnas, Tu maT ara aqvT ganmasxvavebeli 

safuZveli garemosaTvis mniSvnelobis konteqstSi. 

4. usafrTxoebis qseli 

usafrTxoebis qseli saWiroa dasarwmuneblad, rom garemosaTvis mniSvnelobis ara mqone 

damabinZureblebi ar arian arasworad amoRebulni specifikuri damabinZureblebis 

CamonaTvalidan zemoTaRwerili me-3 safexuris dros. magaliTad, usafrTxoeba ar 

iTvaliswinebs: 

• aqvs Tu ara dabinZurebis mcire wyaroebs (individualurad mcire) mniSvnelovani 

kombinirebuli efeqti. 

• tendenciebi, romelnic miuTiTeben damabinZureblis mzard mniSvnelobaze, isinic 

ki, romelnic mocemul momentSi ar aWarbeben 

EQS-s. 

• damabinZureblebis arseboba toqsikuri moqmedebis msgavsi modusiT da SesaZlo 

damatebiTi efeqtebiT. 

zogierTi damabinZureblisaTvis Sefaseba, romelic gakeTda me-2 da me-3 

safexurze, ar iZleva adeqvatur rwmunebas, rom damabinZurebeli an Caedina, an ar 

warmoadgens garemosaTvis mniSvnelovan risks. magaliTad, rwmuneba dabalia Tu testebi 

garemosaTvis mniSvnelobaze me-3 safexuris dros damyarebulia EQS-ze, romelic 

mopovebulia arasakmarisi an araadeqvaturi ekotoqsikologiuri monacemebis 

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gamoyenebiT. aseT SemTxvevebSi, gaurkvevloba gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas imis 

gadasawyvetad, saWiroa Tu ara damabinZureblis identificireba, rogorc specifikuri 

damabinZureblisa, da unda Catardes Semdgomi Sesabamisi kvlevebi rwmunebis 

gasaumjobeseblad seleqciis proceduris dros. 

5. saboloo gamosavali 

saboloo gamosavali unda iyos specifikuri damabinZureblebis CamonaTvali Sesatyvisi 

mdinaris auzis raionisTvis an kerZo wylis obieqtebisTvis mdinaris auzis raionSi. 

1. sawyisi wertili 

damabinZureblebis samyaro= 

danarTi VIII WFD 

 

monacemebis Segroveba 

2. skriningi 

3. testi Sesabamisobaze 

4. usafrTxoebis qseli, 

damabinZureblebis dadgena, 

romelnic 

SesaZloa gamoiyos wylis 

obieqtebze 

 

wylis obieqtebze SesaZlo 

koncentraciebis 

gansazRvra 

Sefasebuli koncentraciebis 

Sedareba ,,saniSneebTan”. 

 

Semowmeba ramdenad adekvaturia 

Sefasebis sarwmunoeba 

 

4. saboloo gamosavali, 

konkretuli damabnZureblebis 

CamonaTvali, 

romelTaTvisac saWiroa specifikuri 

zomebis 

miReba 

grafiki 3.3 

safexurebi, romelnic saWiroa damabinZureblebis arCeviTi CamonaTvalis 

mosapoveblad 

3.6. miznebis Seusruleblobis riskis Sefaseba 

Teoriulad, miznebis Seusruleblobis riskis Sefaseba unda iyos wylis obieqtis 

mdgomareobis winaswari Sedareba zRurblovan doneebTan, romelnic gansazRvraven 

mizans. es instruqcia gvTavazobs zogierT ZiriTad midgomas wylis obieqtis 

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mdgomareobis SefasebasTan, da ufro niSandoblivad elementebTan, romelnic 

dakavSirebulia fizikur da qimiur maxasiaTeblebTan. amJamad zRurblovani 

mniSvnelobebi cnobilia mdgomareobis damaxasiaTebel im elementebisaTvis, romelnic 

dakavSirebulia dacul arealebTan da saSiS substanciebTan (sabWos direqtiva 

76/464/EEC). mdgomareobis sxva aspeqtebisaTvis es mniSvnelobebi jer ar aris cnobili. 

magaliTad, zRurblovani mniSvnelobebi romelnic gansazRvraven karg qimiur statuss. 

Ddrois periodSi, sanam dadgindeba es zRurblebi, aucilebelia gamoviyenoT zogierTi 

pirobiTi zRurbli, gansazRvruli eqspertebis msjelobiT, da gamoviyenoT ekoregionebSi da 

ufro mcire geografiul erTeulebze. zedapiruli da gruntis wylebisTvis, sadac 

asocirebuli zedapiruli wylis ekologiuri statusi gasaTvaliswinebelia, kerZo sakiTxia 

damyardes gageba biologiur statussa da fiziko-qimiur mdgomareobas Soris. es 

nawilobriv Sesrulebulia klasifikaciis sistemebiT, romelic arsebobs wevr qveynebSi, 

magram amJamad isini aRebul unda iqnas rogorc mimaniSnebelni pirobebze, romelnic 

Seesabameba nebismier kerZo biologiuri mdgomareobas. maSin roca klasifikaciis es 

sistemebi gansxvavdebian detalebSi, klasebi xSirad moniSnulia statusis mTliani 

Sefasebis Sesabamisad. magaliTad, saukeTeso klasi SeiZleba iyos bunebrivi, sabaziso an 

SesaniSnavi. amis qvemoT, Cveulebriv aris diferenciacia mcired dazianebul klass Soris, 

romelsac ZiriTadad misaRebi mdgomareoba aqvs (albaT moniSnulia, rogorc kargi), da 

klasi ufro didi zegavleniT, romelic CaTvlilia miuReblad ( moniSnulia, rogorc 

damakmay<strong>of</strong>ilebeli an kargi). es gansxvavebaa kargsa da saSualos Soris arsebul sqemaSi 

gamoyenebul iqneba analizisTvis 2004 wlamde, raTa gancalkeves wylis obieqtebi, romelnic 

ar atareben risks, im obieqtebisagan romelnic WFD-s amocanebis Seusruleblobis risks 

atareben. 

Uunda aRiniSnos, rom aseTi klasifikaciis sqemebi ZiriTadad Seicaven mxolod fizikoqimiur 

elementebs da amgvarad pirdapir ar Seicaven morfologiur zewolebs. Aamitomac 

aseTi sqemebi SeiZleba sworad asaxavdnen wylis obieqtis mdgomareobas, ramac SesaZloa 

dafaros mizezi,Aanu cvlileba wylis qimiaSi SesaZloa gamowveuli iyos dinebis reJimiT. 

Ggamosayeneblad, es nacionaluri sqemebi unda asrulebdnen WFD-s miznebTan dakavSirebul, 

CamoTvlil moTxovnebidan erTs an mets: 

• klasifikaciisaTvis gamoyenebuli statusis monacemebi unda: 

zedapiruli wylisTvis (ekologiuri statusi): 

- mWidrod unda ukavSirdebodes damateba V-Si aRweril biologiur elementebs; 

- warmoadgendes Sesatyvis damabinZurebels mdinaris auzis doneze; 

zedapiruli wylisTvis (qimiuri statusi): 

- warmoadgendnen WFD damateba X-is substancebs; 

gruntis wylebisTvis: 

-statusis aRwera (qimiuri da raodenobrivi) 

Kklasifikacias unda hqondes klasebi imisTvis rom: 

-safuZveli/bunebrivi mdgomareoba zedapiruli wylebisTvis; 

-samizne mdgomareoba (e.w. ,,kargi statusi”), romlis qvemoTac wylis obieqti riskis 

qveSaa. 

- im klasebs qvemoT, romelnic veRar asruleben mizans. 

* gamoyenebuli xarisxis samizneebi unda aRebul iqnas EU- kanonmdeblobidan da /an 

xarisxis Sefasebuli standartebidan WFD-s damateba V-Si dawesebuli proceduris 

mixedviT. 

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am sqemaTa magaliTebi zegavlenaTa Sesafaseblad warmodgenilia damateba IV, 4-Si. 

gruntis wylebisTvis, monitoringis monacemebis gamoyeneba kargi qimiuri statusis miRwevis 

riskis SefasebisaTvis saWiroebs dakvirvebiT ganxilvas, garemos specifikur miznebTan 

mimarTebaSi, romelTac mivyavarT kargi statusis miRwevis Seusruleblobamde. 

NnaTelia, rom Seusruleblobis riskis Sefasebis procesi garkveuli xarisxiT aris 

ganmeorebadi TanamSromloba maT Soris, vinc atarebs 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizs, da maT Soris vinc gansazRvravs zRurblebs, rogorc 

statusis ganusazRvrel elementebs (grafiki 3.4.). 

3.7. midgoma konceptualuri modelis meSveobiT 

(SeniSvna: modeli gamoyenebulia am TavSi, rogorc ,,gagebis” sinonimi da Cveulebriv ar 

niSnavs ,,ricxobriv models”). 

wylis mimoqcevis sistemis konceptualuri gageba, qimiuri, da zedapiruli wylis 

SemTxvevaSi, ekologiuri variaciebi wylis obieqtis farglebSi, da uerTierTqmedeba 

gruntis wylebsa da zedapirul ekosistemebs Soris aucilebelia maTi daxasiaTebisaTvis. 

midgomis mniSvnelovani siZliere imaSia, rom saSualebas iZleva monacemTa tipebis farTo 

sxvadasxvaoba (magaliTad, fizikuri, biologiuri da qimiuri monacemebis CaTvliT) 

integrirebul iqnas sistemis Tanmimdevrul gagebaSi. axali monacemebis mopoveba exmareba 

modelis daxvewas an Secvlas. piriqiTac, modelma SesaZloa miuTiTos Secdomebze da 

Seusabamobebze monacemebSi. 

konceptualuri modeli dinamiuria, icvleba ra droTa ganmavlobaSi, axali monacemebis 

mopovebasTan da modelis SemowmebasTan erTad. 

misi ganviTareba da daxvewa unda moxdes Tanmimdevruli midgomis aTvisebis Sedegad. aseTi 

midgoma iTvleba, rogorc kargi, codnis sxvadasxva donesTan erTad WFD-s sxvadasxva 

safexurze. magaliTad, sabaziso modeli Sesatyvisad CaiTvleba sawyisis daxasiaTebisaTvis. 

es (Tu Sesatyvisia) daixveweba da gaumjobesdeba Semdgomi daxasiaTebisas, da RBMP-s 

ganmeorebiT Semowmebis ciklis dros. 

sabaziso konceptualuri modelebis Seqmna gruntis wylis mimoqcevaze da qimiur 

sistemebze, da Semdeg gruntis wylis obieqtebze unda moxdes 

gruntis wylebis sawyisi daxasiaTebis adreuli procesis dros. 

aRniSnuli moicavs gruntis wylis obieqtebis sazRvrebis gansazRvras, 

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wylis mimoqcevis bunebis da geoqimiuri sistemis sawyis gaazrebas, 

urTierTqmedebebs zedapiruli wylis obieqtebTan da ekosistemebTan. es aseve moicavs 

informacias wylis xarisxis Sesaxeb, da zewolaTa adreul Sefasebas. Ziriradad modeli 

unda emsaxurebodes wylis sistemebis bunebis aRweras, rogorc raodenobrivi, aseve 

xarisxobrivi maCveneblebiT, da zewolaTa savaraudo Sedegebis aRweras. 

es sasicocxlo mniSvnelobisaa, gruntis wylis obieqtis sazRvrebis dadgenis drosac ki, 

raTa miRweul iqnas obieqtis Tanmimdevruli gaazreba. mTeli monacemebi gruntis wylis 

obieqtis Sesaxeb Segrovebuli daxasiaTebis procesis dros unda gadamowmdes 

konceptualur modelTan SedarebiT, imisTvis rom moxdes modelis daxvewa da Semowmdes 

Secdomebis arseboba monacemebSi. 

3.8. wylis obieqtebis analogebis gamoyeneba 

situaciebSi, sadac ar arsebobs dakvirvebis monacemebi, erT-erTi SesaZlo saSualeba 

mdgomareobis Sesafaseblad aris msgavsi analogiuri saitis gamoyeneba, romlis Sesaxeb 

monacemebic xelmisawvdomia, da CavTvaloT rom dakvirvebis monacemebis Sefaseba sarwmunod 

gamosadegia orive saitisTvis. yvelaze sargebliani WFD-s zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizisTvis, aris is rom saits, romlis monacemebic xelmisawvdomia unda hqondes kargi 

ekologiuri mdgomareoba, xolo warumateblobisas saWiroa ufro detaluri gamokvleva. 

wylis obieqtebis dajgufebis SesaZlebloba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis da 

monitoringis Casatareblad naCvenebia ,,wylis obieqtebis” horizontalur instruqciaSi 

(WFD instruqcia #2). 

magaliTad, obieqtebi, romelnic eqvemdebarebian erTnair zewolebs da aqvT erTnairi 

maxasiaTeblebi, SesaZlebelia erTad dajgufdnen. 

mTavari dasafiqrebeli imis Sesaxeb, SeiZleba Tu ara monacemebiani saiti aRebul iqnas 

Sesaswavli saitis analogad aris ganvrcobadobis mniSvneloba. ganvrcobadoba TavisTavad 

xSirad migviTiTebs, rom ori wylis mimdebare arealis Tvisebebi erTmaneTis msgavsi iqneba 

(mag. ekologia, topografia, geologia, klimati, arxebis daxasiaTeba da xmeleTis 

gamoyeneba). amasTan, radgan es monacemebic SesaZebelia moulodnelad Seicvalos, 

ganvrcobadoba TavisTavad ar SeiZleba aRebul iqnas msgavsebis maCveneblad. WeSmaritad, 

SesaZlebelia, rom ufro daSorebuli wylis mimdebare areali faqtiurad gvawvdides ukeTes 

analogs, vidre mezobeli areali. 

msgavsebis Sefaseba savaraudod yvelaze kargad xerxdeba ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebis Sesaxeb 

eqspertTa gamWvirvale da safuZvliani msjelobis safuZvelze. amasTan, SesaZlebelia am 

procesis formalurad qceva, TiToeuli maxasiaTeblis Sesaxeb uamravi Sefasebis 

arsebobisas da maTi kombinirebisas, raTa garkveuli forma mieces msgavsebis Sefasebis 

amocanas. aseTi sqema moiTxovs aRebuli maxasiaTeblebis lokalur awon-dawonas, da 

amgvarad regionalur ganviTarebas evropaSi. 

didi wertilovani wyaroebidan gamonadeni, an sxva antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri modifikaciebi, romelTac 

efeqti aqvT romelime kerZo adgilas 

( magaliTad, dacla an Sevseba) kvlevisas, an potenciurad analogiur wylis mimdebare 

arealze, TiTqmis yovelTvis dazustebiT niSnavs imas, rom am midgomis gamoyeneba ar 

SeiZleba, radgan wertilivani wyaros zegavlenis kerZo maxasiaTeblebi damokidebulia 

mdebareobaze wylis mimdebare arealze. 

3.9. specifikuri gaTvaliswinebebi gruntis wylebis daxasiaTebisaTvis 

gruntis wylis obieqtebze zewolas SeiZleba hqondes zegavlena, an masze gamovlinebuli 

gazomvadi efeqti. zegavlenis buneba damokidebulia iseT faqtorebze, rogoricaa 

zegavlenis tipi da simwvave, da xarisxi, romliTac gruntis wylis obieqti mgrZnobiarea 

zewilis mimarT. amas garda, geografiuli farglebi (magaliTad, zewolis ganawileba da 

simkvrive) da drois farglebis efeqtebi (e.w. drois Sualedi damabinZureblebisTvis, 

romelnic gamoiy<strong>of</strong>a xmeleTis zedapirze wylis grafikis misaRwevad an 

gadaadgilebisaTvis wylis arealSi) mniSvnelovanad gasaTvaliswinebelia gruntis 

wylis sruli riskebis Sesafaseblad drois ganmavlobaSi. zewolis Sedegebi, romelnic 

iwveven zegavlenebs xSirad SeiZleba gamovlindes monacemebis monitoringiT 

mniSvnelovani dagvianebis Semdeg. magaliTad, pesticidebis gamoyenebas xmeleTis 

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zedapiris farTo arealze gruntis wylis obieqtis zemoT, mivyavarT pesticidebis 

koncentraciis zrdamde gruntis wyalSi misi gamoy<strong>of</strong>is Semdgom mravali wlis manZilze. 

minitorirebuli informacia gamoyenebul unda iqnas, sadac es xelmisawvdomia, raTa 

dadgindes zegavlenaTa Sefasebis validuroba, romelic miRebulia zewolaTa analizis 

Sedegad. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sefaseba 

mas Semdgom moqmedebani damabinZureblebTan dakavSirebiT, romelnic amoRebulia an an 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>ilia gruntis wylebidan dadgenilia, problema mdgomareobs am informacias 

gadayvanaSi ,,zewolis” sazomSi. 

arsebobs ori ZiriTadi sakiTxi, romelic unda gaTvalsiwinebul iqnas: 

• mocemuli aqtivobisaTvis, romelsac SeuZlia potenciuri damabinZureblis warmoqmna, 

rogoraa SesaZlebeli aqtivobis intensiurobis da ganawilebis gadaTargmna 

zewolaSi? da 

• rogor SeiZleba zewolebi, Sefasebulni sxvadasxva aqtivobebidan kombnirebul 

iqnen, rom Seqmnan sazomi totaluri zewolisaTvis gruntis wylis obieqtze. 

gruntis wylis obieqtebze zewolaTa Sefaseba - sawyisi daxasiaTeba 

gamoTqmulia mosazreba, rom ,,potenciuri zemoqmedebis’ koncefcia Semotanilia zewoliT 

gamowveuli efeqtebis aRwerisaTvis, romelic savaraudod xorcieldeba gruntis wylis 

obieqtze, da potenciuri zegavlena gamoiyeneba imis Sesafaseblad, dgas Tu ara wylis 

obieqti me-4 muxliT gansazRvruli amocanebis Seusruleblobis winaSe. es koncefcia 

aRiarebs, rom daxasiaTebis procesis SemosazRvrasTan erTad, yovelTvis ar iqneba 

SesaZlebeli maRali sizustiT gaizomos zegavlena, gruntis wylebis donisa da xarisxis 

monitoringis meSveobiT. dabinZurebis zewolebisTvis potenciuri zegavlenaze msjeloben 

dabinZurebis zewolis gaTvaliswinebiT (sadac es xdeba miwis zedapirze) dabinZurebis 

mimarT gruntis wylis obieqtis mgrZnobiarobis gazomvasTan kombinaciaSi (grafiki 3.6). 

ase rom, magaliTad, dabinZurebis didi zewola, gamowveuli antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri aqtivobebiT 

gruntis wylebis zedapirze wylis arealis zemoT, SeiZleba amJRavnebdes mcire efeqts 

gruntis wylis obieqtze wylis arealSi, Tu obieqti daculia dabali gamtarunarianobis 

zedatvirTvis mniSvnelovani sisqiT. raodenobrivi zewolebisTvis, rogoricaa dacla, 

obieqtze zewolis potenciuri zegavlena savaraudod moicavs wylis donis daqveiTebas da 

Semcirebul gamodinebebs. es SeiZleba Sefasdes wylis nakadis sistemis konceptualuri 

modelis gamoyenebiT, da gruntis wylis obieqtis wylis balansis SedgeniT. 

zrdadi zegavlena zrdadi zewola 

zrdadi mgrZnobiaroba 

dabinZurebis mimarT 

zrdadi zegavlena 

daqveiTebuli wyalgacema/ 

SesaZlo debeti 

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grafiki 3.6. zegavlena aris Sedegi rogorc dabinZurebis sididis, an 

winaRobis zewolis, aseve gruntis wylis mgrZnobiarobisa zewolis mimarT. 

Sefaseba tipiurad SeiZleba gakeTdes konceptualuri modelis daxvewis Sedegad. 

konceptualuri modelis gamoyenebisas, miRebul unda iqnas gadawyvetilebani, SesaZlebelia 

Tu ara gruntis wylis obieqtma ver miaRwios karg qimiur statuss da calke, karg 

raodenobriv statuss. 

mTliani Sefaseba gruntis wylis obieqti riskis qveS, iZens Tu ara ufro cud SesaZlo 

statuss, gansxvavebulia. 

zewolaTa Sedegad gamowveuli potenciur zegavlenaTa Sefasebebi, unda dadasturdes im 

arealebSi, sadac monitoringis monacemebi xelmisawvdomia. monacemebi aseve gamoyenebul 

unda iqnas nebismieri tendenciebis dasazusteblad wylis qimiaSi. 

gruntis wylebze zewolebis Sefaseba – Semdgomi daxasiaTeba. 

,,adamianTa aqtivobis zemoqmedebis mimoxilva” ,,riskis qveS my<strong>of</strong>i” gruntis wylis 

obieqtebisaTvis da maTTvis, romelnic kveTen wevri qveynebis sazRvrebs dawvrilebiTia 

moTxovnili WFD-s damateba II-Si, seqcia 2.3. 

rekomendirebuli midgoma mosdevs sawyisi daxasiaTebis mimoxilvas, magram moiTxovs ufro 

detaluri informaciis da monacemebis Segrovebas, rogorc es dazustebulia damateba II, 2,3 

–Si. 

damateba II-Si mocemuli formulireba miuTiTebs, rom dazustebuli informacia unda 

CarTuli iyos ,,sadac Sesatyvisia”. am konteqstiT 

,,Sesatyvisi” niSnavs muxli 4-iT gaTvaliswinebuli amocanebis Seusruleblobis riskis 

Sesatyviss. is ar iZleva informaciis Segrovebis Tavidan acilebis licenzias. 

,,Sesatyvisobis” koncefcia aseve moicavs sakiTxebs detalizaciis doneze, romelic unda 

moiazrebodes da, adamianTa aqtivobisTvis, drois farglebs, romlis ganmavlobaSic 

aqtivobis efeqtebi SeiZleba CaiTvalos Sesatyvisad. 

am sakiTxevis gadawyvetisas mniSvnelovania mivmarToT ukan miznebs an Semdgom daxasiaTebas 

–riskis Sefasebis gasaumjobeseblad da RinisZiebebis dasadgenad, romelTac moiTxovs 

muxli 11. amgvarad, Tu garkveuli tipis ufro detaluri informaciis Segrovebam SeiZleba 

sakmarisad gaaumjobesos konceptualuri modeli, raTa gafarTovdes riskis Sefasebis 

SesaZlebloba, da Tu eqstra detalebi SesaZloa mopovebuli iqnas, maSin aseTi monacemebi 

unda Segrovdes. 

3.10. rekomendaciebi zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis moxsenebisTvis. 

muxli 15 (2) moiTxovs wevri qveynebisgan zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sefasebis jamuri 

moxsenebis wardgenas komisiasTan maTi damTavrebidan 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi (mag. pirveli 

moxseneba unda wardgenil iqnas 2005 wlis martisTvis). 

mocemuli seqcia gvawvdis sawyis rekomendaciebs jamuri moxsenebis Sinaarsis da wardgenis 

Sesaxeb, imisaTvis rom sazogadoebaSi mxardaWeril iqnas Sedegebis Sesatyvisoba da 

SeTavsebadoba. yvela rekomendacia ganxilul iqneba EAF moxsenebaSi, romelic mogvawvdis 

saboloo instruqciis yvela moxseniebul qmedebebze. 

jamur moxsenebas aqvs ramodenime mizani: 

• is asrulebs direqtiviT moxseniebul movaleobebs zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizTan dakavSirebiT wevri qveynebis mier. 

• Tu gamoiyeneba zogadi formati, is mogvcems wylis menejmentis SedarebiTi 

harmonizaciis safuZvels qveynebs Soris mdinareTa auzis farglebSi, saerTaSoriso 

RBDs-Si. 

• gvawvdis analizis Sedegebis gamWvirvale mimoxilvas & mTavrobasTan, mewileebTan da 

sazogadoebasTan urTierTobisaTvis. 

komisiaSi gagzavnili jamuri moxseneba unda iyos yovlismomcveli da iZleodes wylis 

obieqtebis mimoxilvas, maT mimdinare mdgomareobas da RBD-s specifikur pirobebs. jamuri 

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moxseneba Seivseba movaleobaTa moxsenebiT Sesatyvisi RBSs is farglebSi. 2005 wlisaTvis 

moTxovnili moxsenebisaTvis nakarnaxebi elementebi mocemulia cxrilSi 3.9. 

cxrili 3.9. moxsenebis elementebi muxli 15-is mixedviT ,,adamianTa moqmedebis zegavlenis 

mimoxilva zedapiruli wylebis da gruntis wylebis mdgomareobaze. 

• RBD-s Sesatyvisis maxasiaTeblebis mokle Sejameba ((mdinaris auzis raionis ruka, 

daculi arealebi, ZiriTadi wylis obieqtebi, xmeleTis gamoyenebis ruka); 

• gamoyenebuli meTodebis Sejameba (saSualebebi, zRurblebi, klasifikaciebi) da 

varaudebi gakeTebuli analizis farglebSi. 

• jvaredini miniSneba sxva moxseniebul movaleobebze ( muxli 5). 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa moxseneba: 

rekomendirebulia, rom moxsenebuli iqnas Semdegi: 

• wylis obieqtebis sruli ruka, romelnic Sefasebulia riskis mqoned, rom ver 

Seasruleben garemos amocanebs; 

• jamuri ruka TiToeul ZiriTad zewolis tipze, dadgenilze damateba II-Si, romelic 

gansazRvravs sad (romel wylis obieqtebze) 

aris am tipis zewola identificirebuli, rogorc erT-erTi im ZiriTadi mizezebidan, 

romelnic iwveven garemos amocanebis Seusruleblobis risks (magaliTad, romlisTvis 

warmoadgens zewola mniSvnelovan zewolas); 

• jamuri ruka unda Seicavdes aseve miTiTebas gaurkvevlobis donis cvalebadobaze, 

romelic miRweulia zewolaTa analizis Sedegad; 

• es rukebi SesaZlebelia warmodgenil iqnan GIS formatSi. es ganxilul iqneba GIS 

samuSao jgufTan erTad. 

rogorc alternativa, unda ganxorcieldes Semdegi: 

• wylis im obieqtebis sruli ruka, romelnic Sefasdnen rogorc garemos amocanebis 

Seusruleblobis riskis mtarebelni; 

• damatebiTi cxrili, romelic uCvenebs zewolaTa mTavar wyaroebs (mag. substanciebs); 

• jamuri cxrili wylis obieqtebis areals /procentebs Sesaxeb, romelnic arian 

garemos amocanebis Seusruleblobis riskis mtarebelni; 

• mdinaris auzis raionSi didi sakiTxebis/zewolebis Sejameba; 

miuxedavad moxsenebis formatisa, jamuri moxseneba aseve unda Seicavdes informacias: 

• meTodebis, saSualebebis, zRurblebis, garemos xarisxis amocanebis, klasifikaciis 

sqemebis, da a.S. Sesaxeb, romelTa gamoyeneba xdeba analizis dros; 

• gaurkvevlobis moculoba analizSi da SedegebSi. detaluri RDB moxseneba SeiZleba 

Seicavdes Semdgom informacias monitoringis monacemebis SedarebiTi wvlilis 

Sesaxeb, modelebs da eqspertTa mosazrebebs TiToeuli analizis dros. 

Semdgom, ufro detaluri informacia xelmisawvdomi iqneba moTxonisTanave sazogadoebis da 

mewileTa konsultirebisaTvis. mosalodnelia, rom es informacia Seicavdes: 

• wylis obieqtebis namdvili mdgomareobis Sesaxeb xelmisawvdomi monacemebis 

mimoxilvas (qimiuri, ekologiuri mdgomareoba) dakavSirebuli garemos amocanebTan 

(wylis obieqtebis CamonaTvali romelnic amJamad ver asruleben maTze dakisrebul 

garemos amocanebs); 

• mniSvnelovani zewolebis CamonaTvali raionSi, romelic qve-day<strong>of</strong>ilia damateba 

II.1.4.-is mixedviT. 

• zegavlenaTa aRwera da maTi kavSiri zewolebTan. 

• zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Sedegebis gamosaxva rukebis meSveobiT: 

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• mdinaris auzis raionis rukis mimoxilva, wylis obieqtebis mdebareoba da sazRvrebi; 

• mniSvnelovani zewolebis ruka mdinaris auzis raionSi. 

• wylis obieqtebis rukebi, romelnic Sefasdnen, rogorc amocanebis Seusruleblobis 

riskis mtarebelni 2015 wlisaTvis. 

• am informaciis Senaxvis saxe da xelmisawvdomoba cxadia damokidebuli iqneba 

monacemTa nacionalur gamoyenebaze da moxsenebis saSualebebze. 

moxsenebis Semdgomi moTxovnebi SeiZleba warmoiSvan RBMPs ganviTarebis procesidan WFD-s 

muxli 13-is Sesabamisad. 

3.11 zedapiruli wylebis mimoxilva 

zedapiruli wylebisTvis WFD Seicavs bevr specifikur moTxovnas zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizis mimarT, maSin roca sxva garkveuli 

aspeqtebi saWiroeben axsnas da warmarTvas. roca zogierTi kerZo substancia da moqmedebebi 

dadgenilia, Riad rCeba sakiTxi, Tu ra Seadgens mniSvnelovan zewolas. Tu CavTvliT, rom 

es niSnavs nebismier zewolas, romelmac SeiZleba xeli Seuwyos amocanis Seusruleblobas, 

naTelia rom wylis obieqtebTan dakavSirebuli amocanebis gageba warmoadgens zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa analizis safuZvels. analizis dawyebidan ar aris cnobili SeuZlia Tu ara 

qmedebam xeli Seuwyos warumateblobas, saWiroa garkveuli codna yvela qmedebaTa Sesaxeb 

wylis mimdebare arealze. Analizi, Semdgom dagvexmareba imaT dadgenaSi, romelnic 

mniSvnelovania, da unda daefuZnos konceptualuri gagebis garkveul formas, an models, Tu 

rogor qmnis qmedeba zewolas, romelic iwvevs zegavlenas. DRSIP CarCo gvawvdis am 

procesis gamosadeg struqturas. 

konceptualuri gagebis buneba dawyvilebuli wylis obieqtis maxasiaTeblebis Sesaxeb 

codnasTan, gansazRvravs zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis tips, romelic SeiZleba 

Catardes. praqtikaSi, mTeli rigi analizebi iqneba gamoyenebuli, dawyebuli martividan 

kompleqsuramde. zog SemTxvevaSi martivi meTodebi warmoadgenen erTaderT xelmisawvdom 

arCevans, magram isini aseve SeiZleba gamoiyenon rogorc skriningis saSualeba imis 

gadasawyvetad, saWiroa Tu ara ufro rTuli meTodebi, an rogorc pirveli etapi 

ganmeorebadi procesis dros. 

es ZiriTadi elementebi SeiZleba daiyos ZiriTadi amocanebis CamonaTvalad da is 

warmodgenilia rogorc jamuri sia qvemoT moyvanil teqstSi. 

ZiriTadi amocanebis Sejameba zedapiruli wylebisTvis 

Segrovili monacemebi mdinaris auzisTvis ( winapiroba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizisaTvis): 

• mdinaris auzis raionis farglebSi ganxorcielebul aqtivobaTa monacemTa bazis an 

monacemebis marTvis sitemebis mimarT midgoma an maTi dafuZneba da monitoringis 

arsebuli monacemebi. 

wylis obieqtisTvis specifikuri sabaziso informacia; 

• abstraqtuli informacia mamoZravebel Zalebze wylis obieqtis mimdebare arealze. 

• mamoZravebeli Zalebis mier gamowveuli zewolebis dadgena, gansakuTrebuli 

damokidebulebiT im zewolebTan, romelnic CamoTvlialia damateba II. 1.4.-Si. 

• abstraqtuli monacemebi specifikuri wylis obieqtisTvis, romelic moicavs 

raodenobriv, hidromorfologiur, fizikur, qimiur da biologiur monacemebs. 

• damokidebuli wylis obieqtebis dadgena da gansaxilveli wylis obieqtebisa, 

romelnic iseve damokidebulni arian, rogorc maTi mdinareTa auzebi. 

• Tu saWiroa, dinebis sawinaaRmdego da dinebis mimarTulebis wylis obieqtebs Soris 

kavSirebis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>a, ucxo organizaciebis CaTvliT. 

damatebiT arsebuli informacia da analizi: 

• wylis monitoringis arsebuli analizis mimoxilva, mdgomareoba, marTvis gegemebi da 

sxva. 

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• informacia, romelic Segrovilia evropis komisiis arsebuli kanonmdeblobiT 

(registirebuli an daculi arealebis gamoyeneba, muxli 6) da nacionaluri 

kanonmdeblobiT. 

• mimoxilva, ramdenad unariania xelmisawvdomi meTodebi saWiro Sefasebebis 

Casatareblad. 

amocanebi (muxli 4) 

• amocanebis gansazRvra romelic miesadageba wylis obieqts. 

• monitoringis arsebuli monacemebis Sefaseba (biologiuri, fiziko-qimiuri da 

hidromorfologiuri), garemos amocanebTan mimarTebaSi, an savaraudo eqvivalentur 

amocanebTan mimarTebaSi. 

• gaazreba, ramdenad damxmarea midgoma wylis mimdebare arealis analogis gamoyenebiT. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi, romelic unda dasruldes 2004 wlisTvis. 

• Sesabamisi konceptualuri gagebas SemuSaveba wylis obieqtis maxasiaTeblebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, mimdebare arealis, qmedebebis, mamoZravebeli Zalebis, zewolebis da 

amocanebis; 

• Sesabamisi saSualebebis SerCeva, monacemebis xelnisawvdomobaze da konceptualur 

gagebaze dayrdnobiT. 

• wylis obieqtis mgrZnobiarobis Sefaseba da damokidebuli wylis obieqtebis dadgena, 

romelnic zegavlenis qveS arian identificirebuli zewolebis Sedegad; Sefaseba, 

aris Tu ara wylis obieqti amocanis Seusruleblobis riskis mtarebeli. 

• zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa mravalferovnebis gamokvleva wylis obieqtis mimdebare 

arealze – mravalferovnebam SeiZleba migviTiTos, rom SesaZloa sasargeblo 

armoCndes wylis obietis qve-day<strong>of</strong>a RonisZiebebis praqtikuli programis SemuSavebis 

mizniT. 

• darwmuneba, rom mravalferovneba ar aris gamowveuli gaurkvevlobiT monacemebis 

wyarosa da meTodebSi. 

• analizis warmoeba cvlilebebis da tendenciebis gamokvleviT qmedebebsa da 

zewolebSi, romelnic mosalodnelia 2015 wlisaTvis da mis Semdeg; 

• Tu warumatebloba savaraudoa, gamonaklisebis mimoxilva, romelTa gamoyeneba 

SesaZlebelia( dadgenilebiT gansazRvra, rogorc mZimed modificirebuli muxli 4.3., 

droebiTi gauareseba muxli 4.6); 

• zemoTaRwerili yvela nabijis gadamowmeba rogorc (i) meti, an ukeTesi, monacemebi 

gaxda xelmisawvdomi (ii) Sefasebis axali saSualebebi gaxda xelmisawvdomi da (iii) 

ramdenadac gamocdileba da codna viTardeba. 

produqciebi: 

• zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Sesaxeb moxseneba 3 Tvis manZilze dasrulebidan 

( muxli 15, Tavi 3.10); 

• riskis qveS my<strong>of</strong>i wylis obieqtebis pirveli CamonaTvali; 

• analizis Sedegebis gamoyeneba informirebisaTvis minitoringis programis 

gansaviTareblad. (muxli 8) da RonisZiebaTa programa (muxli 11). 

3.12 gruntis wylebis mimoxilva 

ZiriTadi amocanebis Semajamebeli CamonaTvali gruntis wylebis obieqtebis 

daxasiaTebisTvis sCans qvemoTmoyvanili teqstidan. 

sawyisi daxasiaTeba 

arsebuli monacemebis gamoyenebiT: 

gruntis wylebis ZiriTadi amocanebis Sejameba 

• dagrovili monacemebi zewolebze gruntis wylis obieqtebze, gansakuTrebuli 

yuradRebiT im zewolebis mimarT, romelic CamoTvlilia damateba 11, 2, 2.1. 

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• dagrovili monacemebi zemoqmedebebze gruntis wylis obieqtebze, gansakuTrebuli 

yuradRebiT im zewolebis mimarT, romelic CamoTvlilia damateba 11, 2, 2.1., da 

gansakuTrebuli mimarTebiT bunebrivi pirobebis mimarT. 

• Ggruntis wylebis monitoringis monacemebis mimoxilva (qimiuri da wylis done) da 

monacemebi damokidebul zedapirul wylebze da ekosistemebze, yuradRebiT cnobil 

zewolebis da zegavlenebis mimarT gruntis wylis obieqtze, da garemos amocanebis 

mimarT, romelnic Seesabamebian obieqts .(muxli 4). 

• Ggruntis wylis mimoqcevis konceptualuri modelis ganviTareba, romelic aseve 

ierTebs nakads asocirebuli zedapiruli wylis obieqtebisken da obieqtebidan, da 

qimiuri sistemis modeli rekomendirebulia, rogorc safuZveli gruntis wylis 

obieqtis gagebisa da dokumentirebisaTvis, da gadawyvetilebis miRebis 

xelSesawyobad. 

G * gruntis wylis mgrZnobiarobis Sefaseba dabinZurebis mimarT 

dabinZurebis aRricxuli zewolebisaTvis, da imis Semowmeba, 

aris Tu ara gruntis wylis obieqti kargi qimiuri statusis 

miuRwevlobis savaraudo riskis qveS. 

• gruntis wlis obieqtis wylis balansis Sefaseba, yuradRebis 

miqceviT aRricxuli raodenobrivi zewolebis mimarT, da imis 

Semowmeba, aris Tu ara gruntis wylis obieqti kargi raodenobrivi 

statusis miuRwevlobis savaraudo riskis qveS. 

* SesaZlo damokidebulebebis gaTvaliswineba gruntis wylis obieqtsa 

da dakavSirebul wylian garemos Soris. 

• qimiuri da raodenobrivi statusis gaTvaliswineba imas gadasawyvetad, aris Tu ara 

gruntis wylis obieqti kargi mdgomareobis miuRwevlobis savaraudo riskis qveS, 

wylian garemoSi damabinZureblebis arsebobis drois Sualedis gansazRvris CaTvliT. 

• Ggruntis wylis obieqtis daxasiaTebis mimoxilva SesaZloa Catardes Tu monacemebi 

zewolebsa da zegavlenebze migviTiTeben, rom SesaZloa sasargeblo iyos obieqtebis 

qve-day<strong>of</strong>a RonisZiebaTa praqtikuli programis SemuSavebisaTvis. AamasTan nebismieri 

qveday<strong>of</strong>a unda uTavsdebodes gruntis wylebis obieqtis gansazRvrebis ,wesebs’, 

romelic Sedis komisiis instruqciaSi. 

sadac ara arsebobs monitoringis monacemebi gruntis wylis obieqtisTvis, zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa savaraudo arseboba da ararseboba unda gaTvaliswinebul iqnas gruntis wylis 

obieqtis savaraudo mdgomareobis Sefasebisas. sadac, monitoringis monacemebidan 

naTelia, rom gruntis wylis obieqti riskis qveSaa, an sadac ar aris adeqvaturi monacemebi 

damarwmunebeli gadawyvetilebis misaRebad, rom gruntis wylis obieqti riskis qveSaa, 

procesi unda gagrZeldes Semdgomi daxasiaTebiT. 

Semdgomi daxasiaTeba 

ZiriTadi safexurebi aormagebs daxasiaTebas, romelic garda amisa emyareba damatebiT 

monacemebs da analizis ufro daxvewil teqnikas. 

5. saSualebebi, romelnic exmarebian zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizs 

Sesavali da mimoxilva 

Ees Tavi fokusirebulia saSualebebze, romelnic saWiroa ZiriTadi midgomis 

ganxorcielebisaTvis, rogorc es moxazulia me-3 TavSi, da sadac naxsenebia, rom zogierTi 

am saSualebaTagan ukve xelmisawvdomia. 

amJamad ar arsebobs erTi saSualeba, romelsac unari aqvs awarmoos yvela tipis wylis 

obieqtebze zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa sruli analizi, da Zalian saeWvoa rom aseTi 

saSualeba SemTxveviT gamoCndes. Aamitomac, es instruqcia aRwers specifikur saSualebebs, 

romelic iTvaliswinebs procesis an garemos erT kerZo komponents (mag. zewolis Sefaseba, 

zedapiruli wyali, gruntis wyali, biologia). Sedegebi erT saSualebaze metis gamoyenebiT 

SesaZloa integrirebul iqnas wylis obieqtze zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa sruli analizis 

Casatareblad. 

sanam gamoiyenebT romelime saSualebas unda darwmundeT rom is Seesabameba im mizans 

romlisTvisac mas iyenebT. Tqven unda gqondeT naTlad gansazRvruli amocana, ra 

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52 



SekiTxvebs unda upasuxoT, Tu unda SearCioT saSualeba, romelsac SeuZlia gansaxilveli 

zewolebis da zegavlenebis simulacia da saWiro Sedegebis mowodeba. Tqven unda 

gaTviTcnobierebuli iyoT TiToeuli saSualebis SesaZleblobasa da naklovanebebSi. 

instruqcia iZleva miniSnebebs aseTi gadawyvetilebebisaTvis. 

TiToeul seqciaSi da damateba IV-Si aRwerilia saSualebaTa an modelebis erTi an meti 

aseTi magaliTi, magram aucilebelia xazgasmiT iTqvas, rom es magaliTebi ar aris IMPRESS 

rekomendirebuli an dadasturebuli saSualebebi. aRweril saSualebaTa umetesoba amJamad 

gamoiyeneba wevri qveynebis mier msgavsi da albaT, identuri funqciebisTvis, romelTac 

moiTxovs WFD- da, zogadad aseTi gamoyeneba aucilebelia saSualebis CasarTavad. Aarsebobs 

bevri sxva saSualebac, da eWvi ar aris rom isini xelmisawvdomni gaxdebian momavalSi. 

Aam instruqciaSi CasarTavad saSualeba raRac xarisxiT formaluri unda gaxdes garkveul 

wesebsa da procedurebSi. amasTan, es unda daefuZnos eqspertTa msjelobis garkveul 

formas, albaT konsesusis formiT, romelic farTodaa miRebuli praqtikosebs Soris, 

samecniero codnis mimdinare mdgomareobas, an pirovnul gamocdilebas da codnas. 

Aaraswori iqneba, iTqvas, rom rom aq aRwerili saSualebebi aucileblad ukeTesia, vidre 

zewolTa da zegavlenaTa analizis Camtarebeli pirovnebis saeqsperto msjeloba. 

Aadgilobrivi codnisa da gamocdilebis Rirebuleba gadametebiT ar unda Sefasdes, an 

ugulvebel y<strong>of</strong>il iqnas ufro formaluri procesis sasargeblod, romelic saidanRacaa 

Semotanili. aseTi analizis Catareba unda iTvaliswinebdes mewileTa CarTvas, radgan isini 

savaraudod warmoadgenen damatebiT codnas da gamocdilebas. 

saSualebaTa cxrili ganixilavs zewolaTa CamonaTvals. (seqcia 4.2) da skriningiT midgomas 

(seqcia 4,.3.). zewolaTa CamonaTvali Seicavs im zewolaTa daumTavrebel sias, romelnic 

unda CaiTvalos zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sefasebis nawilad. skriningis teqnikis 

gamoyeneba CaTvlilia yvelaze sasargeblod direqtivis mokle droSi ganxorcielebisaTvis. 

Mmomdevno seqcia fokusirebulia magalitebze, Tu rogor unda iqnas gamoyenebuli 

garkveuli teqnologiebi analizTan midgomis gamartivebis mizniT. 

zogadi midgoma damyarebulia ZiriTadi safexurebis logikur monacvleobaze, romelTa 

realizacia moiTxovs monacemebis da saSualebebis srul xelmisawvdomobas. 

sapirispirod, seqcia 4.4. aseve ganixilavs mimdinare mdgomareobas, sadac am saWiro 

saSualebaTa didi nawili ar aris xelmisawvdomi, an ar aris dadgenili. Aase, rom is 

fokusirebulia saSualebebze, romelnic saWiroa specifikur kiTxebze sapasuxod. aseTi 

identifikacia tardeba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Soris damokidebulebis analiziT da 

mdgomareobasa da zegavlenaTa Soris damokidebulebis analiziT, rogorc moiTxovs 

direqtivis amocanebi. 

seqcia 4.4.-Si saSualebaTa saWiroeba Sedarebuli maT arsebobasTan. is day<strong>of</strong>ilia sam 

kategoriad: 

1. mTlianad xelmisawvdomi saSualebebi, romelnic garkveulwilad formaluria 

wesebisa da procedurebis krebulSi. Ees saSualebebi, rodesac SesaZlebelia, 

magaliTadaa moyvanili maTi aqtualuri gamoyenebis procesSi, romelic moicavs 

pirobebs, romelTa drosac SesaZlebelia maTi gamoyeneba. aseT SemTxvevaSi, sruli 

aRweriloba warmodgenilia damateba IV-Si. 

2. saSualebebi, romelnic jer kidev laboratoriis donezea an sawyisi gamocdis 

safexurzea. Ees kategoria moicavs gansazRvrul meTodebs, romelnic jer ar aris 

danergili moqmed sistemaSi. maT sWirdebaT Semdgomi ganviTareba da awyoba raTa 

daiwyon moqmedeba. 

amasTan zogi saSualeba SeiZleba Canacvlebul iqnas eqspertTa msjelobis 

garkveuli formiT. 

3. ar arsebuli saSualebebi. Aam SemTxvevaSi, ganviTarebis aucilebeloba, savaraudod 

kvlevis CarTviT naCvenebia SesaZlo sicarieleebis misaTiTeblad gamoyenebisas. 

damateba V Seicavs 4 seqcias, romelnic dakavSirebulni arian saSualebaTa tipebTan, 

dadgenilTan zogadi midgomis dros. aseTi tipebia: 

• zewolaTa skriningi da Sefaseba; 

• dabiZurebis zewolis raodenobrivi gansazRvra 

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53 



• saSualebebi zewolaTa kombinirebisaTvis zemoqmedebis SefasebasTan-wylis obieqtebis 

modelebi;’ 

da 

• zemoqmedebis Sefaseba 

4.2. zewolaTa cnobari 

zewolaTa cnobari Seicavs zewolaTa daumTavrebel CamonaTvals, romelnic unda ganxilul 

iqnan, rogorc WFD-s zewolaTa nawili da zegavlenaTa Sefaseba. es CamonaTvali SeiZleba 

ganixilon, rogorc mamoZravebeli Zalebis da zewolebis Semaxsenebeli, romelic 

warmoadgens winamorbeds faqtiur zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizisTvis. cxrilSi 

mocemuli mamoZravebeli Zalebi da zewolebi CamoTvlilni arian Sereulad da 

damoukideblad, saidanac arian naxsenebi gzebi, an substabciaTa Sesavali wyaroebi da sxva. 

zewolaTa cnobari warmodgenilia or safexurad. pirveli, cxrili 4.1-Si zewolebi 

dajgufebulia mamoZravebeli Zalebis 4 ZiriTad klasad, romelTac SeiZleba zegavlena 

moaxdinon wylis obieqtebis gansxvavebul kategoriebze da xeli SeuSalon maT amocanaTa 

SesrulebaSi. sasinji miTiTeba am savaraudo damokidebulebebze moxseniebulia cxrilSi 

4.2., sadac ricxvebi pirvel svetSi cxrilSi 4.2. mianiSneben Sesatyvis wrfeebze cxril 4.2-Si. 

gTxovT, gaiTvaliswinoT, rom cxrili 4.2. ireklavs cxrili 3.1. struqturas. 

cxrili 4.1. zewola, romelic unda gaiTvaliswinon, ixileT cxrili 4.2. meti detalebisTvis 

mamoZravebeli 

Zalebi 

wylis obieqtis kategoria 

amocanebi 

n° 

mdinareebi 

tbebi 

sanapiro/gruntis 

wylebi 

gamavali wylebi 

WFD (biota) 

onkanis wyali, NO3 

banaoba, dasveneba 

arealSi mcxovrebni, 

frinvelebi 

moluskebis/Tevzebis 

moSeneba 

10. dabinZureba 

11. ojaxi 

12 warmoeba (moqmedi, 

istoriuli) 

13. s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba 

14. wylis kultura, TevzSeneba 

15. satyeo meurneoba 

16. gauvali areebi 

17. maRaroebi, samtexloebi 

18. nagavsayreliSenaxvis adgilebi 

19. transporti 

20. hidrologiuri 

reJimis cvlilebebi 

21. amoReba (s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba, 

warmoeba,ojaxi) 

22. nakadis regulaciis samuSaobi 

23. wylis simZlavreTa samuSaoebi 

24. Tevzis moSeneba 

25. gagrileba 

26. nakadis gafarToeba (gadacema) 

X X X X 

X X X X 

X X X X 

X X X X 

X X X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X X 

X X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

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54 

30. morfologia (Siga 

cvlilebebi) 

31. sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo aqtivobebi 

32. urbanuli dasaxlebebi 

33. warmoebis areebi 

34. wyaldidobisgan dacva 

35. moqmedeba, SenarCuneba 

36. navigacia 

X X X 

X X X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 



X X X 

X X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

40. biologia 

41. Tevzaoba/mebaduroba 

42. Tevzis/moluskebis moSeneba 

43. wyalsatevebis gamoyeneba 

X X X 

X X X 

X X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

11 

16 

19 

19 

19 

13 

13 

cxrili 4.2. gasaTvaliswinebeli zewolebis dausrulebeli CamonaTvali 

n° wyaro wyaro wyaros tipis SigniT 

10 Sereuli wyaro 

12 urbanuli drenaJi (gamodinebis 

CaTvliT) 

13 

13 

13 

15 

15 

15 

15 

15 

25 

Sereuli s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba 

metyeveoba 

industriuli/komerciuli mamulebi 

urbanuli areebi (kanalizaciis qselis CaTvliT) 

aeroportebi 

samagistralo gzebi 

rkinigza, liandagebi, mowyobilobebi 

portebi 

xnulebi ,gaumjobesebuli saTburebi, Sereuli fermeroba 

naTesebi intensiuri nutrientebis da pesticidebis 

gamoyenebiT an grZelvadiani SeSveli niadagis periodebi 

(marcvali, kart<strong>of</strong>ili, Saqris Warxali, 

Rvino, svia, xili, bostneuli) 

mesaqonleoba,-eroziis CaTvliT 

mebaReoba, oranJereebis CaTvliT 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis narCenebis gamoyeneba niadagisTvis 

torfis mopoveba 

nargavebi/niadagis momzadeba 

xisWra 

pesticidebis gamoyeneba 

sasuqis gamoyeneba 

n wyaro wyaro wyaros tipis SigniT 

22 

19 

drenaJi 

zeTiT dabinZureba 

11 sxva Sereuli 

19 

19 

11 

11 

11 

wertilovani wyaro 

Carecxili wyali 

Camdinare wylebis WuWyis xmeleTze dabruneba 

atmosferuli danaleqebi 

gafuWebuli miwis ganlageba zedapirul wylebSi 

menaveoba/navigacia 

municipaluri Carecxili wyali pirvel rigSi saSinao 

municipaluri Carecxili wyali, didi industriuli 

komponentiT 

Stormis wyali da kritikuli wyaldidobebi 

privatuli Carecxili wyali, pirvel rigSi saSinao 

privatuli Carecxili wyali, didi industriuli 

54

55 



11 

11 

19 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

25 

12 

19 

12 

17 

17 

17 

15 

17 

27 

17 

18 

18 

18 

18 

industria 

meSaxteoba 

dabinZurebuli xmeleTi 

komponentiT 

navsadgurebi 

gazi/benzini 

qimikatebi (organuli da araorganuli) 

merqnis masa, qaRaldi, &ficrebi 

matyli/teqstili 

rkina da foladi 

sakvebis gadamuSaveba 

daduReba/gamoxda 

eleqtronika da sxva daqlorili gamxsnelebis 

momxmareblebi 

tyis masivebi /xe-tyis mkurnaloba 

konstruqcia 

energiis warmoeba 

tyavis moTrTilva 

navsaSenebi 

sxva manufaqturis procesi 

aqtiuri Rrma meSaxteoba 

aqtiuri Ria qvanaxSiris saiti/karieri 

gazis da navTis Zieba da produqcia 

torfis amoReba 

uxvi qvanaxSiri(da sxva) maRaroebi 

uxvi qvanaxSiri (da sxva) sabados gafuWebuli grova 

(arsebebi) 

Zveli miwayrilis adgilebi 

urbanuli industriuli saitebi(organuli da 

araorganuli) 

s<strong>of</strong>lis saitebi 

samxedro saitebi 

13 

13 

13 

13 

12 

19 

19 

sas<strong>of</strong>lo 

wertebi 

saameurneo 

gaurkveveli 

salosi da sxva sakvebi 

cxvris farTo gamoyeneba da ganlageba 

nakelis depoebi 

fermis qimikatebi 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis sawvavi zeTebi 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis warmoebebi 

18 

18 

18 

14 

14 

12 

12 

12 

21 

21 

21 

24 

narCenebis menejmenti moqmedi miwayrilis adgilebi 

narCenebis gatanis moqmedi sadgurebi, nagavsayrelebi da 

sxva. 

ara sas<strong>of</strong>lo narCenebis gamoyeneba niadagisTvis 

wylis kultura xmeleTze dafuZnebuli TevzsaSenebi, 

/wyalmcenareebi/wylis kultura 

manufaqtura, gamoyeneba da 

gamodineba 

yvela 

industriuli/ s<strong>of</strong>lis 

meurneobis seqtoridan 

abstraqcia 

nakadis Semcireba 

Tevzis moSeneba zRvis wylis rezervuarebSi 

prioritetuli substanciebi 

prioritetuli saxifaTo substanciebi 

sxva Sesatyvisi substanciebi 

dacla s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobisTvis 

dacla wyalgamyvani danadgarebisTvis 

dacla industriisTvis 

dacla TevzsaSenebisTvis 

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23 

21 

22 

dacla wylis energiisTvis 

dacla karierebisTvis/Ria maRaros saitebi 

dacla navigaciisTvis (ew. mommaragebeli arxebi) 

20 xelovnuri avseba 

26 gruntis wylebis avseba 

30 morfologiuri 

22 

21 

22 

nakadis regulacia 

hidroeleqtruli kaSxlebi 

wylis momaragebis rezervuarebi 

wyaldidobisgan damcavi kaSxlebi 

n wyaro wyaro wyaros tipis SigniT 

22 

22 

wylis gadagdeba 

jebirebi 

36 

35 

31 

31 

32 

mdinaris menejmenti 

arxis fizikuri cvlileba 

sainJinro aqtivobebi 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurbeobis gafarToeba 

meTevzeobis gafarToeba 

xmeleTis infrastruqtura (gzis/xidis konstruqcia) 

miwis amoTxra 

36 

36 

36 

gardamavali da sanapiro 

menejmenti 

31 

50 

30 sxva morfologiuri barierebi 

sxva antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri 

zRvis toti (estuari) /sanapiro miwisTxra 

zRvis konstruqciebi, gemTsaSenebi da navsadgurebi 

xmeleTis melioracia da polderebi 

xmeleTis qviSis momarageba (usafrTxoeba) (usafrTxoeba) 

12 

11 

33 

40 

10 

41 

40 

40 

10 

31 

nagavi/gamdinare nagavi 

WuWyiani naleqis ganlageba zRvaSi (istoriuli) 

maRaros Sesasvlelebi/gvirabebi, romelnic zemoqmedeben 

gruntis wylis dinebaze 

eqsploatacia/ sxva cxovelebis mocileba/ mcenareebis 

dasveneba 

meTevzeoba/ mebaduroba 

Semotanili jiSebi 

Semotanili daavadebebi 

klimatis cvlileba 

xmeleTis drenaJi 

skriningiT midgoma zogadi midgomis farglebSi 

skriningis midgomis amocanaa, miuTiTon martivi SefasebebiT wylis im obieqtebze 

romelnic gamokveTilad arian ,,riskis qveS” an ,,ar arian riskis qveS” , rom ver 

Seasruleben miznebs 1015 wlisaTvis. es SeiZleba moxdes, Tu mimdinare mdgomareoba sakmaod 

kargia an Zalian cudia, an Tu ar aris mosalodneli cvlilebebi zewolebSi. zogad 

modgomasTan SedarebiT, skriningiT midgoma SeiZleba Catardes yvela SemTxvevaSi 

(mdgomareobis Sefaseba, zegavlenis uqonlobis an garkveulobis Sefaseba) mamoZravebeli 

Zalis SefasebiT, rogorc zewolaTa Camnacvleblisa. SemdgomSi, skriningiT midgoma 

upiratesad emyareba arsebul monacemebs, da ara modelirebas; sxvagvarad, aseTi midgomis 

gamWvirvalobis moTxovna ver Sesruldeba. 

56

57 



skriningis teqnikis sami magaliTi unda axsenon Semdegi SemTxevevebisTvis: 

1. Tu mxolod zewolaTa monacemebia xelmisawvdomi, es skriningi SeiZleba gamoyenebul 

iqnas amocanis Seusruleblobis riskis xelSesaSlelad. 

2. Tu mamoZravebeli Zala sworadaa Sefasebuli da gaTvlili patara arealebze, 

SesaZloa gamoiyenon dakvirvebis monacemebis klasificirebisTvis. 

3. Tu mxolod dakvirvebis monacemebi (mdgomareoba) aris xelmisawvdomi, am SemTxvevaSi, 

zewolaTa analizi savaraudoa gamoiyenon iq, sadac dakvirvebiT arasasurveli 

mdgomareobaa. 

magaliTebi pirveli SemTxvevisTvis 1 : im SemTxvevaSi Tu monacemebis ar aris sakmarisi 

rom Sefasdes faqtiuri zegavlena, unda gamoyenebul iqnas teqnologiebi, romelic 

gamoiyenebs mxolod zewolaTa monacemebs. LAWA zewolis skriningis procedura 

SemuSavebul iqna mniSvnelovani zewolebis dasadgenad, romelnic miuTiTeben wylis romeli 

obieqtebi arian riskis qveS da statusis romeli elementebi (biologiuri,substanciebi) 

unda gaiTvaliswinon monitoringis programiT. zog SemTxvevaSi, monacemebi romelnic ukve 

Segrovda sxva direqtivebis safuZvelze (mag. urbanuli Canarecxi wylis direqtiva) 

gamoyenebul unda iqnas. es procedura aris sasargeblo sarCevi Tu savaraudod ras SeuZlia 

zemoqmedebis gamowveva. 

LAWA skriningis proceduris meore nawili naxsenebia damatebaSi, romelic exeba 

zegavlenaTa Sefasebas. 

cxrili 4.3. kriteriumebis magaliTebi mniSvnelovani zewolebisTvis: germanuli 

zewolaTa skriningis saSualeba 

LAWA 

zewolebi: wertilovani wyaroebi 

sazogadoebrivi Camdinare wylebis – 

gamajansaRebeli sadgurebi >2000PE 

(aRebulia urbanuli Canarecxi wylis 

gajansaRebis direqtividan) 

pirdapiri industriuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 

Stormis wyali/kobinirebuli Carecxili 

wylis gamodineba 

kriteriumebi 

- wylis gadenis wliuri moculoba 

-mosaxleoba (P) da mosaxleobis 

eqvivalentebi (PE); 

-substanciebis tvirTi germanuli Carecxili 

wylis direqtivis damateba 1-is mixedviT; 

-prioritetuli nivTierebebis wliuri 

tvirTi, xarisxis substanciebi; 

amocanis direqtiva, da mdinaris auzisTvis 

specifikuri substanciebi, Tu rogor arian 

es substanciebi SemosazRvrulni wylis 

direqtivebiT. 

- sistemaTa dadgenileba IPPC direqtivis 

mixedviT= 

damabinZureblebi EPER mixedviT; 

-qarxnebis wliuri datvirTva movaleoba 

gaakeTdes moxseneba IPPC direqtivis mixedviT. 

- konkretuli sididis zRurblis 

gaTvaliswineba 26 substanciis wliuri 

datvirTvisTvis(ix. cxrili 1:zomis 

zRurblebi;EPER); 

-prioritetuli substanciebis wliuri 

datvirTva, xarisxis substanciebis 

amocanebis direqtiva, da mdinaris auzis 

specifikuri substanciebi, Tu rogor arian 

es substanciebi SemosazRvruli wylis 

direqtiviT; 

sakvebi industriis danadgarebi>4000EP. 

-Carecxili wylis gamodineba urbanuli 

arealidan >10km 2 ; 

-urbanuli arealebi SeiZleba Sefades mag. 

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58 



dafuZnebuli CORINE –miwis safarze, 

gamravlebuli gamodinebis koeficientze, 

Ggamonadenebi temperaturuli datvirTviT gamonadenebi temperaturuli 

datvirTviT>10MW 

zewolaTa Sereuli wyaroebi 

kriteriumebi 

Sereuli wyaroebi zogadad mimoixileba gruntis wylebis gamokvlevisas. normalurad es 

monacemebi SeiZleba aseve gamoiyenon zedapiruli wylis obieqtebis aRwerisaTvis (es ar 

gamoiyeneba zedapiridan eroziisTvis gradientiT >2%-ze. Tu gruntis wylis aRweris 

Sedegebi ar aris xelmisawvdomi, Semdegi sidideebi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT Sereuli 

zewolebis SefasebisaTvis: 

-dasaxlebuli miwa >15%-ze; 

-s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba=40%; 

- Saqris Warxali, kart<strong>of</strong>ili da 

marcvleuli=sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo miwis 20% - 

s; 

-specialuri naTesebis miwa (venaxebi, xili, 

bostneuli)= sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo miwis 5%-s. 

-dabinZurebuli xmeleTi =individualuri 

SemTxveva 

wylisgan dacla 

kriteriumebi 

dacla recirkulaciis gareSe >501/s 

wylis mimoqcevis regulacia 

kriteriumebi 

antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri barierebi parametri ,,antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri 

barierebi” (nakadis dasaxlebis mimoxilva) ≥ 

6 

morfologiuri cvlilebebi 

morfologiuri cvlilebebi 

parametri ,,dabrunebuli wyali” (nakadis 

dasaxlebis mimoxilva) =7 

gadaxris manZili >Xkm 

kriteriumebi 

nakadis dasaxlebis mimoxilva da SedarebiTi 

monacemebi 

OECD –volenveideris midgoma tbebis klasifikacize SemuSavebuul iqna Sesafaseblad, rom 

tba miaRwevs garkveul tr<strong>of</strong>ikul mdgomareobas nutrientebis Setanis Sedegad (ZiriTadad 

fosforis). is SesaZlebelia gamoyenebul iqnas rogorc skriningis saSualeba, 

gansakuTrebiT roca aqtualuri mdgomareoba SeiZleba Seadaron SesaZlo bunebrivs. 

procedura ar aris aRwerili am instruqciaSi, radgan is SeiZleba napovni iqnes 

literaturaSi da nacionalur klasifikaciis sitemebSi tbebisaTvis. 

SemTxveva 2-is magaliTi: evropis wylis qseli (EEA, ixileT Tavi 6 da damateba V) iyenebs 

mamoZravebel Zalebs, rom day<strong>of</strong>il iqnas mdinaris monitoringis sadgurebis auzebi. 

warmomadgenlobiTi dakvirvebis monacemebi 

aCvenebs mkveTrad gamoy<strong>of</strong>il gansxvavebebs wylis xarisxsSi wnevebis albaTobasTan 

dakavSirebiT, romelnic Sedegia mamoZravebeli Zalebis arsebobisa wylis mimdebare 

arealebze. stratifikaciis (Sreebad day<strong>of</strong>is) mowodebuli safuZveli Sedgeba mcire 

elementaruli areebisgan (mag.safrangeTSi, saSualo zomaa 90km 2) isini qmnian populaciis 

statistikuri sarwmunoebas wylis obieqtis mimdebare areebze. 

dakvirvebis warmomadgelobiTi monacemebi gamoiyeneba drois tendenciebis Sesafaseblad 

(nitratebisTvis, amoniumisTvis da sxva). martivi filtraciis teqnikis gamoyeneba iZleva 

SesaZleblobas mocilebul iqnas wliuri cvlilebebi mdinaris gamodinebaSi da amgvarad 

gvawvdis tendenciis statistikur Sefasebas, ,,biznesi, rogorc Cveulebriv” scenaris 

mixedviT. 

es midgoma iyenebs mxolod monitorirebul monacemebs da mamoZravebeli Zalis martiv 

monacemebs, saxeldobr CORNE xmeleTis dafarvas da populaciis aRnusxvas. 

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59 



magaliTi mesame SemTxvevisTvis 3 im SemTxvevaSi, roca mxolod monitoringis monacemebia 

xelmisawvdomi, wylis xarisxis klasifikaciis Sedegebi gamoyenebadia, rogorc skriningis 

saSualeba. momxmareblebma unda gaiTvaliswinon am sqemaTa SezRudvebi direqtivis 

amocanebis nakrebTan dakavSirebiT. moTxovneba CamoTvlilia Tavi 3.5-Si. magaliTebi Sesulia 

Tavi 4-is damatebaSi. 

erTi magaliTi – germanuli LAWA zemoqmedebis Sesafasebeli saSualeba- gvTavazobs 

gamoyenebul iqnas zRurblebi, rogorc skriningi saSualebebi wylis obieqtis 

klasifikaciis Sedegebis Sesajameblad. 

meore magaliTi - wylis xarisxi iTvaliswinebs (WQA) teqnologias, (ix. Tavi 6)-romelic 

exmareba imis dadgenas, savaraudod ra saxis zewlebi arian CarTulni. WQA procesis 

xarisxis maCveneblebi gazomili koncentraciebidan, 

iZlevian gansxvavebuli wylis xarisxis sakiTxebis Sedarebis saSualebas, Tu gamoyenebuli 

klasifikaciebis Sedareba SesaZlebelia. sakiTxebi romelnic gansazRvraven wylis obieqtis 

srul statuss, SesaZloa gansazRvrul iqnan wylis xarisxis sakiTxebis SedarebiT. 

Mmiuxedavad imisa, rom WQA da evrowylis qseli iwyeba igive monacemebiT (minitoringis 

wertilebidan) maT SemuSavebuli aqvT mdinaris xarisxis sakiTxebis damatebiT Sefasebebi, 

rac iZleva problematuri wylis obieqtebis Zlieri skriningis saSualebas. 

HMWB instruqcia gvTavazobs zogierT saSualebas hidromorfologiuri zewolebis da 

maTi zegavlenebis Sesafaseblad ( ixileT (WFD CIS instruqcia #4 Zlier modificirebuli 

wylis obieqtebis Sesaxeb/HMWB). Tavi 3.4 da Tavi 4-is damateba ajamebs codnas fizikuri 

cvlilebebisa da zegavlenebis kavSiris ZiriTad Ggamoyenebaze (mamoZravebeli Zalebis). 

sabaziso sakiTxebi ricxobrivi modelebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb 

ekologiuri, hidrogeologiuri da geoqimiuri sistemebis maTematikuri modelebi 

gamoyenebul unda iqnas wylis moZraobis stimulaciisaTvis, da damabinZureblebis bedisa da 

gadaadgilebis gansazRvrisaTvis wylis obieqtze. Mmodeli iRebs mravalferovan formebs 

da warmoSobs kiTxvebs, romelsac pasuxi unda gaeces (mag savaraudod rogori SeiZleba 

iyos gruntis wylis qimiuri statusi?), monacemebis, drois da fondebis xelmisawvdomoba 

Sesatyvisad gasaTvaliswinebelia imis gadasawyvetad, Tu ra sirTulis modelia 

gamosayenebeli. zogadad, rac ufro kompleqsuria modeli, moTxovnebi monacemebis mimarT 

da xarjebi ufro maRalia, da ufro didi droa saWiro mis dasasruleblad. Aamis Sedegad, 

rTuli ricxobrivi modelis sizuste albaT ufro maRalia, vidre es miiRweva ufro martivi 

modelis gamoyenebiT. amasTan, WFD-s mixedviT wylis obieqtis daxasiaTebis konteqstiT 

arsebobs bevri kiTxvebi romelTac adeqvaturi pasuxi SeiZleba gaeces martivi modelis 

meSveobiT. 

rekomendirebulia mravaljeradi midgoma, sadac Semfaseblebi iwyeben martivi 

konceptualuri gagebiT an analitikuri modelebiT da gadadian maTematikur modelebze, 

mxolod sadac wylis obieqtebi savaraudo riskis qveS arian, an sadac RonisZiebaTa 

detaluri programebia SemuSavebiuli. Mbevr SemTxvevaSi martivi analitikuri modeli 

adeqvaturia, rom Seafasos damabinZureblis qcevebi, amasTan garkveul situaciebSi ufro 

rTuli ricxobrivi modelebis gamoyenebaa saWiro. 

Semfaseblebma SeiZleba gamoiyenon ricxobrivi modelebi dabinZurebis wertilovani da 

Sereuli wyaroebis efeqtebis winaswargansazRvrisaTvis ufro farTo gruntis wylis 

obieqtze da damokidebul ekosistemebze da zedapirul wylebze, aseve iwinaswarmetyvelon 

wylis resursebis daclisa da xelovnuri Sevsebis efeqtebi. Amas garda, ricxobrivi 

modelebis ganviTareba exmareba Semfaseblebs: 

• dadginon monacemebis da codnis naklovanebebi; 

• winaswargansazRvron garkveuli raodenobiT dabinZurebis zewolebis zemoqmedebebi 

daSorebul receptorebze; 

• iwinaswarmetyvelon garkveuli raodenobiT daclisa da xelovnuri Sevsebis 

zewolebis zemoqmedeba wylis resursebze, nebismieri zemoqmedebis CaTvliT 

zedapiruli wylis obieqtebze da damokidebul wylis ekosistemebze; 

• damabinZureblebis bedisa da gadaadgilebis winaswargansazRvra; 

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60 



• modeliT winaswargansazRvrisas sivrculi da droebiTi cvalebadobis dadgena (rac 

xSirad SeuZlebelia martivi analitikuri modelebiT). 

saSualebaTa identifikacia: saWiros da arsebulis Sedareba da magaliTebi 

IMPRESS orientiri exeba zemoqmedebebsa da zewolebs. amasTan dakavSirebuli saSualebebi 

identificirebulia ori mimarTulebiT: isini an SesaZlebels xdian raodenobrivad 

ganisazRvros zewola, romelic savaraudod iwvevs zegavlenas an SesaZlebels xdian 

Sefasdes mdgomareoba (zegavlenis Sefaseba mdgomareobis cvlilebis Sedegad) . 

Ees identifikacia tardeba wylis obieqtebis ZiriTadi kategoriebisaTvis, mag. Mmdinareebis, 

tbebis, da wyalsatevebisTvis, gruntis wylebis da gamavali wylebisTvis. zogierTi 

saSualeba TvalsaCinod saerToa garkveuli kategoriebisTvis. Ziebis gasamartiveblad, 

zewolebi dajgufebulni arian identuri funqciebis mixedviT (nutrientebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a), 

Tavad wyaroebis gauTvaliswineblad. 

saSualebaTa identifikacia gamosaxulia oTxi formis konstruqciiT, TiToeuli TiToeul 

wylis obieqtis kategoriaze. Yyvela cxrils aqvs erTnairi struqtura: amocanebi mocemulia 

svetebis TavSi, da zewolebi –wrfeebSi. TiToeuli ujra warmoadgens ,,saSualebaTa jgufs” 

romelnic aRqmulni arian rogorc mosalodnel informaciis momwodebelni. Uujredis feris 

kodi adasturebs sul cota erTi saSualebis arsebobas, romelsac SeuZlia zewolis 

raodenobrivi gansazRvra da dakavSirebul zegavlenaTa Sefaseba. mniSvnelobis aramqone 

ujredebi miTiTebuli arian, rogorc ,,NA” anu ,,ar gamoyenebadi”. mdgomareobis Sefaseba 

ganixileba rogorc kategoriis komponentebTan dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi saSualeba, da 

moxseniebulia TiToeuli formis pirvel xazze. 

4.5.1. saSualebebi mdinareebisTvis 

cxrili 4.4. mdinaris wylis mobieqtebisaTvis saWiro saSualebebis xelmisawvdomobis 

Sefaseba 

mdinareebi WFD Ddaculi arealebi 

saSualebaTa kategoriebi : 

1. xelmisawvdomi da 

danergili 

saSualebebi 

2. xelmisawvdomi 

magram 

saSualebebi 

3. araxelmisawvdomi 

saSualebebi 

daunergavi 

Ffiziko-qimia 

Flora 

Uuxerxemloebi 

Tevzebi 

zewolis kvalifikacia ToToeuli zewolis jgufze 

dabinZureba 

Nnutrientebi 

zogadi pirobebi 

60 

Sasmeli wyali, 

nitratebi 

Bbanaoba, dasveneba 

Mobinadreebi, Tevzebi 

SeniSvnebi meTodebze 

da saWiro monacemebze 

Moneris, Nopolu, evrowylis qseli 

toqsinebi 

mxolod nawilobrivi Sefaseba 

paTogenebi 

wylis reJimi 

Ddacla, amoReba, Senaxva saSualebebi, romelnic ar moicaven 

yvela mizans 

wyaldidobis 

cvlileba 

reJimis 

bevri maCvenebeli, arc mTliani 

procedura da arc adgilobrivi 

mimaniSnebeli monacemebi

61 



cvlileba wylis dinebis 

reJimSi 

61 

Mmxolod qimiasTan urTierTobebia 

dokumentirebuli, sxvagvarad lokaluri 

eqspertizaa saWiro 

mZime cvlileba gamodinebaSi gansazRvrebebi, romelnic unda 

formalurni gaxdnen 

morfologia 

xangrZlivi kursis gaxleCa 

Kkalapotis xelovnuri 

Seqmna 

SenarCuneba, kalapotis 

samuSaoebi 

cvlileba 

mdinaris 

mimarTulebaSi 

Fformis (facias) cvlileba 

Nnapirebis xelovnuri Seqmna 

Ddestruqcia/damatebebis 

blokireba 

biologia 

Ppirdapiri STanTqva 

maCveneblebi ar aris xelmisawvdomi 

Nnawilobrivi STanTqvis statistika 

TevzWeris menejmenti 

jiSebis Semotana kavSirebi bunebrivi konservaciis 

mimoxilvebis SeqmnasTan 

daavadebaTa Semotana 

Mmdgomareobis Sefaseba 

cudi dokumentacia 

magaliTad LAWA, finuri Sefasebis 

saSualeba, E&W cxaurebi, SEQ-eau 

(garemos Sefasebis erTeuli). wylis 

angariSebi da eurowylis qseli 

Sedegebis dasagroveblad. 

SeniSvna, rom arsebuli klasifikaciebi Cveulebriv ar afaseben biologiuri elementebis 

gansxavebebs bunebrivi statusisgan, rogorc amas moiTxovs WFD. 

Ddamateba V.1.2. amgvarad, maTi Sedegebi SemosazRvruli miSvnelobisaa, magram gamoyenebulni 

unda iyvnen pirveli Sefasebisas 2004w. (Semdgomi axsna TavSi 3.6.) 

zewolis da zegavlenis raodenobrivi Sefasebis saSualebebi xelmisawvdomia 

mxolod SemosazRvruli raodenobis zewolaTa tipebisaTvis, ZiriTadad, 

romelnic exeba organul da nutrientebiT gamowveul dabinZurebis tvirTs. 

saSualebaTa jgufis gaTvaliswinebiT, am jgufebis mxolod 10% SeiZleba magaliTad iqces 

danergili saSualebebis meSveobiT. sapirispirod, jgufebis didi nawili (45%-mde 

TiToeuli) kvlav saWiroebs Zalisxmevas an ganxorcielebis an samecniero 

ganviTarebisaTvis, ZiriTadad morfologiasTan dakavSirebul SefasebebSi. 

zewolaTa raodenobrivi Sefaseba idealurad SiZleba moxdes monitoringis monacemebis 

gamoyenebiT. amasTan, aseTi monacemebi ar arseboben mravali pirobebis dros, an ar arian 

minitorirebulni. Tumca, arsebuli saSualebebi 

iyeneben alternatiul informacias zewolis raodenobrivi SefasebisTvis. sas<strong>of</strong>lo 

sameurneo zewolis informaciisaTvis niadagis tipze, sas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo aqtivobaze da 

menejmentis strategiaze damuSavebulia, maSin roca Canarecxi wylis gamonadenis 

zewolisaTvis saWiroa dadgindes populaciis Senatanis eqvivalenti mcenareebisaTvis da 

gadamuSavebis tipi. 

saSualebis gamoyenebis Sedegi unda gaerTiandes sxva saSualebasTan, romelic 

akombinirebs informacias zewolebze, mimRebi wylis obieqtis warmoCinebiT. Aase, magaliTad, 

zewola daclis Sedegad pirvelad raodenobrivad fasdeba, da Semdeg kombinirdeba 

informaciasTan mdinaris sistemaze aqtualuri zegavlenis dasadgenad. 

amJamad danergili saSualebebi, romelic exeba dabinZurebis zewolebs (magaliTebi aRebuli 

MONERIS-dan, NOPOLU, SENTWA, ix. Ddamateba IV) ar aris fundamenturad gansxvavebuli. 

qveynis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, da moxsenebis saWirobebisaTvis, zogierTi procesi metad

62 



Tu naklebad detalizebulia, rogorc es naCvenebia qvemoT (ufro detaluri prezentacia da 

miniSnebebi mocemulia damateba IV-Si.); 

• germanuli MONERS (nutrientebis gamonaJonis modelireba mdinareTa sistemebSi) 

sxvadasxva gzebiT afasebs nutrientebis Setanas germaniis baltiis zRvis mimdebare 

arealis mdinaris auzebSi. Mmodeli damyarebulia geografiul sainformacio 

sistemebze (CIS), romelic Seicavs cifrul rukebs iseve rogorc farTo statisikur 

informacias da monitoringis monacemebs mdinareebSi, gruntis wylebSi, drenaJze da 

wertilovani wyaroebidan gamonadenze. wylis dabinZurebis ZiriTadi gzebi 

gaTvaliswinebulia da teqnikuri informaciis da codnis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, 

isini damuSavebulia zusti koeficientebis meSveobiT. Mmodelis SemuSavebis erTi 

gansakuTrebuli maxasiaTebelia, rom gansxvavebuli qve-modelebi validurad 

CaTvlilia damoukidebeli monacemebis gamoyenebiT, magaliTad gruntis wylis 

modeli SemuSavebuli iqna gruntis wylebSi nanax azotis koncentraciebze 

dakvirvebiT, da ara mdinareSi nutrientebis tvirTze dakvirvebaze dayrdnobiT; 

• NOPOLU sistema moicavs nebismieri teretoriis wyalTan dakavSirebuli 

maxasiaTeblebis srul aRwerilobas, magaliTad safrangeTis qalaqebis dasaxlebebs, 

sadac is progresulad inergeba. hidrologiuri da administraciuli ganawilebis 

damokidebulebebi imarTeba sistemis specifikuri kavSirebis meSveobiT (didi 

qalaqebis gamonay<strong>of</strong>i daSorebul mdinareSi) an jvaredini informaciiT, romelic 

amoRebulia CIS cxrilebidan, rogoricaa CORINE xmeleTis safari. sistemis 

mniSvnelovani maxasiaTeblebia Sedegebis SeerTebis da daSlis SesaZlebloba 

nebismier farglebSi, rac pasuxobs moxsenebis specifikur moTxovnebs. sistema 

orientirebulia statusis Sefasebaze, zewolis kvalificirebasa da zegavlenaTa 

analizze, fokusirebulia ra dakvirvebebis monacemTa gamokvlevaze. Ggamonadenebis 

gamoTvla miznad isaxavs datvirTvis dadgenas, didi wyaroebis monitoringis 

monacemebis da arealis wyaroebis statistikuri monacemebis Sejamebas; 

• SENTWA modeli ,,nutrientebis gadatanis Sefasebis sistema zedapirul wylebSi “ 

astimulirebs nutrientebis gamodenas s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobidan (,,nakelis sasuqiT 

gamdidreba) zedapirul wylebSi. Ees aris naxevrad empiriuli modeli, romelic 

raodeobrivad afasebs nutrientebis gamodenis sidides. is raodenobrivad 

gansazRvravs totaluri N-is da totaluri P-s datvirTvas (kg an tona N/P kg an tona 

N/P TiTo heqtarze) wliur an Tviur bazisze da mdinaris ToToeul mimdebare 

arealze belgiis flandriaSi. 

instruqcia #3 


62

63 



mimdinare Zalisxmeva, rom Sedarebul iqnas nutrientebiT gamowveuli dabiZurebis modelebi, 

tardeba EUROHARPiniciativiT (detalebi xelmisawvdomia vebsaitze hrrp://www.euroharp.org.site). 

saubedurod, samuSaos grafiki ar Seesabameba 2004 wlis moxsenebas, magram sasargeblo 

iqneba direqtivis ganxorcielebis mogvianebiTi fazebis dros. 

mdinareze zewolebis modelirebis saSualebebis didi raodenoba, romelTa magaliTia 

SIMCAT (ixileT damateba), SemuSavebulia da daxarisxebulia. Ees modelebi SemuSavebulia 

upiratesad fiziko-qimiuri zewolebis meqanizmebis simulaciisaTvis, da ar gvexmareba 

direqtivis mier Semotanili axali sakiTxebis Sesafaseblad. 

Ddanergili saSualeba, romelsac unari aqvs Seafasos hidrologiuri reJimis da 

morfologiis cvlilebaTa zegavlena, ar aris identificirebuli. Mmiuxedavad amisa, adre 

xelmisawvdomi monacemebi gamodinebis da wylis donis amaRlebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba 

gamoyenebul iqnas specialuri maCveneblebis Sesaqmnelad. magaliTad, loqos gamravlebis 

pirobebi, Tevzis gadasatani trapis efeqturoba, kaSxlis avsebis zemoqmedeba da sxva. 

SesaZloa Sefasdes dRiuri gamodinebis monacemebis da martivi amaRleba-gadineba 

damokidebulebebis statistikis gamoTvliT. mTavari warumateblobaa, mimdinare saCvenebli 

monacemebis ar arseboba, romelic SeiZleba miesadagos TiToeul ganxilul wylis obieqts: 

ras niSnavs wylis donis amaRleba Waobian mindorze, ra niSnavs gamodineba aRWurvili 

kaSxalidan, ramdeni ,,mcire” wyaldidobaa aq? 

Mmdgomareobis Sesafasebeli saSualebebi, Cveulebriv kargad dokumentirebuli da 

xelmisawvdomia. isini iyeneben monitoringis monacemebs, romelnic SeiZleba gamoiyenon da 

savaraudo zegavlenebi aqedan gamoiyvanon. 

Qqveynebis umetesobam SeimuSava Tavisi sakuTari klasifikaciis sistemebi, 

romelnTac garkveuli gansxvavebebi gaaCniaT koncefciaSi. Ffinuri wylis xarisxis 

klasifikaciis sistema (damateba IV) SemuSavda informaciis gasacemad wylis gamoyenebaze 

adamianTa miznebisaTvis. is iTvaliswinebs mxolod ekologiuri xarisxis elementebs, 

romelTac pirdapiri zemoqmedeba aqvT wylis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobaze. is erTnairad 

eqceva 

wylis yvela obieqts, da ar ansxvavebs wylis sxvadasxva kategoriebs an wylis obieqtebis 

tipebs. Kklasifikacia ZiriTadad damyarebulia qimiuri xarisxis elementebze, magram aseve 

zog biologiur elementze, rogoricaa higienis maCveneblebi, qlor<strong>of</strong>ili da 

wyalmcenareebi. Kkriteriumebi da zRurblis maCveneblebi mocemulia damatebaSi. 

inglisisa da uelsis mdinareTa ekosistemebis klasifikaciis sqema, romelTa zRurblebi 

mocemulia damatebaSi, iyenebs rva fiziko-qimiuri determinantis cxrils, romelic 

miesadageba monitoringis wertilebs. 

G gamoyenebuli fiziko-qimiuri raodenobebi SeiZleba mopovebul iqnas dakvirvebis 

monacemebidan an Seqmnili modelidan. Kklasebi 1 da 2 iTvleba oragulis da kobris jiSis 

Tevzebis populaciebisTvis xelsayreli pirobebis warmomdgenad. 

Ggermanuli Sefasebis saSualeba, dadgenili LAWA-s mier (wyalze momuSave saxelmwifo 

jgufi) afasebs wylis obieqtis mdgomareobas garemos xelmisawvdomi monitoringis 

meSveobiT. sxva saSualebebisgan gansxvavebiT is iTvaliswinebs dagrovil kriteriumebs, 

mdinaris qselis tr<strong>of</strong>ikuli mdgomareobis CaTvliT. albaTobis Sefaseba, rom kargi 

ekologiuri an qimiuri mdgomareoba ver miiRweva dakvirvebis periodis manZilze, romelic 

Catarebulia damatebaSi dazustebuli wesis mixedviT. 

Ffranguli SEQ miznad isaxavs gaiTvaliswinos wylis sistemis yvela Semadgeneli ( 

mdinareebi, tbebi, gruntis wylebi, gamavali ) da maTi komponentebi (wyali, biologia, 

morfologia). Mmdgomareoba fasdeba 

zRurblis doneebis SedarebiT, romelic dadgenilia determinantebis Sesatyvisi 

jgufebisTvis gamoyenebis tipis gaTvaliswinebiT. aseTi midgoma ajamebs yvela xelmisawvdom 

informacias da dadgenilebas, sirTulis garkveuli xarisxis xarjze. Mmeti detalebi 

warmodgenilia damateba IV-Si. 

Sejameba, romelic exeba mdinareebisTvis gamosadeg saSualebebs 

Mmravali saSualebaa xelmisawvdomi, magram saubedurod isini fokusirebulni arian 

klasikur dabinZurebaze, romelic SeiZleba gamoiTvalos da modelirebul iqnas. 

Hhidrologiuri zewolebisTvis mravali siaxlis SemuSavebaa saWiro. Aam SemTxvevaSi, unda 

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64 



ganisazRvros maCveneblebis Cveulebrivi rigi, kopirebuli Sesatyvisi zRurblis 

maCveneblebis lokaluri gansazRvriT. morfologia da biologiuri zewolebi, romelnic 

kargad ar arian gagebulni, saWiroben 

saSualebebis ganviTarebas ekologiuri statusis Sesafaseblad, garemos damsaxleblebis da 

frinvelebis CaTvliT wylis midebare arealebze. 

4.5.2. saSualebebi tbebisa da wyalsatevebisTvis 

cxrili 4.5. 

tbebis wylis obieqtebisTvis saWiro saSualebebis 

xelmisawvdomobis xarisxis Sefaseba 

tbebi 

saSualebaTa 

kategoriebi: 

1.xelmisawvdomi da 

danergili 

saSualebebi 

2. xelmisawvdomi, 

magram jer ar 

danergili 

saSualebebi 

3. 

araxelmisawvdomi 

saSualebebi 

EFWFD D daculi areebi 

SeniSvnebi 

meTodebze da 

saWiro monacemebi 

Ffiziko-qimiuri 

flora 

uxerxemloebi 

Tevzebi 

sasmeli wyali, nitratebi 

Ddabana, dasveneba 

Mmcxovrebni, frinvelebi 

zewolis raodenobrivi gansazRvra TiToeuli zewolis jgufisTvis, 

dabinZurebebi 

Nnutrientebi 

OECD, Moneris, Nopolu 


toqsinebi 

mikrobebi 

wylis reJimi 

dacla 

cvlilebebi wylis 

zogierTi 

maRali periodis 

maCvenebeli 

dros 

clilebebi wylis 

dabali periodis 

dros 

amoRebis 

menejmenti 

morfologia 

Nnapirebis 

xelovnuri Seqmna 

sanapiro zolis 

ganadgureba 

biologia 

Ppirdapiri daWera 

Tevzaobis marTva 

saxeobebis 

Semotana 

daavadebaTa 

Semotana 

Mmdgomareobis 

Sefaseba 

Llokaluri 

modelebi 

Ffinuri Sefasebis 

saSualeba, SEQ-lacs 

64

65 



zewolisa da zegavlenis raodenobrivi Sefasebis saSualebebi, romelnic 

raodenobrivad adgenen dabinZurebis tvirTs, ar gansxvavdebian maTgan, romelnic esadagebian 

mdinareebs da isini ar ganixilebian ganmeorebiT. 

YzegavlenaTa Sefasebis yvelaze zogadi saSualeba aris OECD modeli (cnobili, rogorc 

Vollenweider-is modeli), ukve naxsenebi ,,skriningis seqciaSi”. isini SeiZleba gamoyenebul 

iqnas ufro detaluri SefasebisTvis, vidre skriningia, radgan ufro zustad gvawvdis 

Setanil datvirTvebs da ganaxlebis droc xelmisawvdomia. 

radgan bevri tba kaSxalebis aSenebis Sedegia, wylis xarisxze amoRebis zewola 

gamokvleulia bevr qveyanaSi. arCeviTi amoRebis modelebi gamoiyeneboda 1980 wels 

kaSxlebis marTvis wesebis dasanergad, romelTac SeeZloT SeecvalaT wylis maragebis 

Termuli dajgufeba da SeemcirebinaT wyalmcenareebiT dabinZureba (eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacia). 

Pparalelurad, mravali kvleva mieZRvna damokidebulebaTa gagebas wylis donis cvlilebasa 

(wylis gamoyenebis gamo) da napirebis biologiur funqcionirebas Soris. Mmizani ormagi 

gaxldaT: wylis obieqtis moxerxebulobis gazrda; gansakuTrebiT turizmis sezonisTvis, 

da rezervuaris konstruqciis mavne efeqtebis Semcireba; 

im faqtis miuxedavad rom aseTi midgomis Sedegebi ar SeiZleba ganixilon, rogorc 

mTlianad danergili saSualebebi, isini SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnan kvlevis safuZvlad, 

gansakuTrebiT Tu eqspertebi, romelnic muSaobdnen am wylis obieqtebze kvlav iseT 

adgilebze arian, rom SeZleben daexmaron direqtivis ganxorcielebas. 

saxelmwifo Sefasebis saSualebebi rutinul safuZvelze inergeba mxolod SezRuduli 

raodenobis qveynebSi, romelnic akvirdebian am wylebs. Uumetesobas saqme aqvs ZiriTadad 

eutr<strong>of</strong>kaciis sakiTxebTan, rac farTodaa asaxuli literaturaSi. Mmiznebis 

Seusruleblobis riskebis Sefasebisas sasmel da sabanao wylebTan mimarTebaSi, unda 

gamoyenebul iyos monacemebi, romelnic SesabamisobaSia EU-direqtivebTan 75/440/EEC 

(zedapiruli wyali, romelic gamiznulia sasmeli wylis amosaRebad) da 

76/160/EWG (sabanao wylebi). 

Sejameba, romelic ukavSirdeba tbebisTvis gamosadeg saSualebebs 

Tu gaviTvaliswinebT saSualebaTa jgufs, virtualurad verc erT maTgans ver moviyvanT 

ganxorcielebuli saSualebis magaliTad. maTgan daaxloebiT naxevari kvlav saWiroebs 

Zalisxmevas ganxorcielebisaTvis, 

danarCeni saWiroebs samecniero ganviTarebas, ZiriTadad hidrologiuri reJimTan 

dakavSirebuli Sefasebebi. Kkvlav, aRiniSneba saSualebaTa nakleboba, romelnic aRweren 

zegavlenebs saxeobaTa Semadgenlobis sxvaobaze da biologiuri elementebis bunebriv 

mdgomareobaTa siuxveze. 

4.5.3. saSualebebi gruntis wylebisTvis 

Ggruntis wylebis mgrZnobiarobis rukebi da maCveneblebi warmoadgenen sasargeblo 

saSualebebs, dabinZurebis savaraudo zegavlenebis daxasiaTebis procesSi. Tu 

gaviTvaliswinebT garkveuli faqtorebis jgufs, gruntis wylebis mgrZnobiaroba 

dabinZurebis mimarT SeiZleba daxarisxdes dabinZurebis zewolis mixedviT xeleTis 

zedapirze. 

tipiurad, mgrZnobiarobis ranJirebis meTodebi iTvaliswneben rig parametrebs, rogoricaa: 

* fekaluri Canarecxebis arseboba, buneba da sisqe, Semarbilebeli Tvisebebis CaTvliT, 

* zedapiruli (danaleqebis) depozitebis arseboba, buneba da sisqe, Semarbilebeli 

Tvisebebis CaTvliT 

* gruntis wylebis dinebis meqanizmi wylian midamoSi (mag. Mmatriqsi, naxleCi, Warbi ormagi 

forianoba) 

* wylis fskeris siRrme 

Ggruntis wylebis mgrZobiarobis rukebi, romelnic emyareba regionul Sefasebebs 

maCveneblebze dafuZnebuli sistemis gamoyenebiT, SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas rogorc 

skriningis saSualeba zewolebiT gamowveuli zegavlenebis SedarebiTi farglebis 

dasadgenad. 

65

66 



isini SesaZloa sasargeblo aRmoCndnen SefasebisTvis, arian Tu ara gruntis wylis 

obieqtebi dabinZurebis wyaroebidan riskis qveS, sawyisi daxasiaTebis dros. 

gruntis wylebis mgrZnobiarobis Sefaseba SeiZleba kombinirebul iqnas difuzuri 

dabinZurebis wyaroebis qcevis modelirebasTan, rogorc maTTvis, romelic SemuSavebulia 

nitratebisaTvis niderlandebSi (STONE); 

detalebi xelmisawvdomia saitze http://www.riza.nl/projection_nl.html site) an pesticidebisTvis 

gaerTianebul samefoSi (POPPIE); detalebi xelmisawvdomia saitze http://www.meds-sdmm.dfompo.gc.ca/meds/prog_Int/ECES/ICES_e.htm 

site), gruntis wylebis farglebSi wylis xarisxis mTliani 

riskis gasaTvaliswineblad. 

Txeli Canarecxebi 

(araa gadaadgileba) 

sqeli, Tixis Canarecxebi 

Txeli ujeri zona 

maRali wylis done 

dabali gamtarianoba 

danaleqebi 

wylis Rrma horizonti 

nabzari kirqva 

maRali mowyvladoba 

qviSa da riye 

dabali mowyvladoba 

grafiki 4.1. maRali da dabali mowyvladobis gruntis wylebi (UK gruntis wylebis forumis 

privilegia) 

gruntis wylebis modelebi: gruntis wylebis dinebis modelireba 

66

67 



sasargebloa sami ZiriTadi miznis gamo. is SesaZloa sasargeblo iyos gruntis wylebis 

obieqtebis da asocirebuli wylis obieqtebis daclisa da xelovnuri avsebis savaraudo 

zegavlenaTa winaswargansazRvrisTvis, da Semdgomi SefasebisaTvis savaraudod miaRwevs Tu 

ara gruntis wylis obieqti karg raodenobriv statuss. Mmeorec, gruntis wylis dinebis 

myari modelis SemuSaveba warmoadgens nebismieri dabinZurebis gadatanis modelirebis 

aucilebel winapirobas, romelic Catarebulia rogorc dabinZurebis zewolaTa analizis 

nawili wylis am obieqtze. sabolood, modeli Zvirfasi xdeba mogvianebiT, WFD 

RonisZiebaTa efeqturi programis SemuSavebis procesSi da wylis obieqtis marTvisas. 

Ggruntis wylis mimoqcevis modelebi aseve, tipiurad, axdenen gruntis wylis 

urTierTqmedebis simulacias hidrologiuri ciklis sxva nawilebTan. urTierTqmedebebi 

gruntis da zedapirul wylebs Soris da Waobian miwebs Soris SesaZloa simulirebul 

iqnas, rac sasicocxlo mniSvnelobisaa urTierTqmedebebis winaswar ganmsazRvrisaTvis 

zedapiruli wylis obieqtebs da maTze mikuTvnebul gruntis wylis obieqtebs Soris. 

Ggruntis wylis wyaroebis modelebi iReben mraval formas, martividan, normalur, 

analitikur wylis balansis modelebidan gruntis wylis obieqtSi Setanili da gamotanili 

wylis raodenobis Sesaxeb, obieqtis SigniT gruntis wylis mimoqcevis sistemis rTul 

ricxobriv modelebamde. 

Mmartivi modelebi Seicaven standartul analitikur gadawyvetebs, wylis donis awevisas 

amoRebaTa efeqtebis Sesaxeb. zogadad xelmisawvdomi saSualebebi, rogoricaa Aqufer Win 32 

(detalebi mocemulia vebsaiteze http://www. aquiferanalysis.com/modelsum.thm site) da ukve 

xelmisawvdomia P-testi, 

romelic iZleva tumboTi burRviTi samuSaobis monacemebis analizis saSualebas wylis 

doneTa zegavlenebis winaswar gansazRvrisaTvis. 

regionuli kvlevebisTvis, an sadac ufro rTuli analizia saWiro gamoiyeneba MODEFLOW 

(detalebi mocemulia vebsaiteze: http://water.usgs.gov/s<strong>of</strong>tware/modflow.html site), romelic 

warmoadgens farTod gamoyenebad gruntis wylis mimoqcevis cifrul models, Seqmnils 

AaSS-s geologiuri mimoxilviTi kvlevis Sedegad, romelic ufulodaa xelmisawvdomi. 

Aalternatiuli kodi, rogoricaa MIKE -SHE (detalebi mocemulia vebsaiteze: http://www. 

dhis<strong>of</strong>tware.com/mikeshe/site) aseve gamoiyeneba wevri qveynebis nawilSi gruntis wylis momoqcevis 

simulaciisaTvis wylis mimdebare arealze. 

sadac gruntis wylis mimoqcevis reJimi gasagebia, Semdgom SesaZlebelia dabinZurebis 

zewolaTa efeqtebis gaTvaliswineba. Uukve arsebobs saSualebaTa rigi, romelic albaT 

gamosadegia ConSim CaTvliT (detalebi mocemulia vebsaiteze: http://www.environmentagency.gov.uk/subjects/waters/groundwater 

site ) analitikuri modeli, romelic Seqmnilia garemos 

saagentos mier (inglisi & uelsi) da iyenebs albaTobis saSualebebs, rom winaswar 

gansazRvros Carecxili kanalizaciis wyliT da zedapiruli gamonay<strong>of</strong>ebiT, dabinZurebis 

zegavlenis dasadgenad gruntis wylis xarisxze. sadac ufro rTuli kodebia Sesatyvisi, 

MODEFLOW (detalebi mocemulia vebsaiteze: (http://water.usgs.gov/s<strong>of</strong>tware/modflow.html site 

)SesaZlebelia kombinirebul iqnas 

Tavisufal (gadaxdis gareSe) dabinZurebis satransporto kodebTan, MT3D Aan MT3DMS 

(detalebi mocemulia vebsaiteze: (http://hydro.geo.ua.edu/mt3d/site) wertilovani wyaroebidan 

wamosuli dabinZurebis zegavlenaTa winaswar gansazRvrisaTvis. Ppatentirebuli winaswari 

damuSavebis programebi aseve xelmisawvdomia MODEFLOW-ze. 

Sereuli dabinZurebisaTvis, arsebuli cifrobrivi modelebi naklebad 

Ddamxmarea, amasTan gruntis wylebis daucvelobis Semowmeba warmoadgens Zvirfas 

saSualebas gruntis wylis xarisxis riskebis Sesafaseblad aseT pirobebSi. wylis CarCo 

direqtiva ar akeTebs gansxvavebebs gruntis wylebs Soris sxvadasxva SreebSi. yvela 

gruntis wyali moiTxovs erTnairi xarisxis dacvas dabinZurebisagan. amasTan, zegavlena 

romelic SesaZloa gamoiwvios dabinZurebis zewolam cvalebadobs saitidan saitamde, 

qvemdebare niadagis hidrogeologiur Tvisebebze, gadaadgilebaze da geologiuri plastis 

simyareze damokidebulebiT. 

Sedegad, dabinZurebis mocemuli zewolisTvis, gruntis wylis obieqtis mdgomareobaze 

zegavlena, da RonisZiebaTa potenciuri programa cvalebadobs wylis sxvadasxva garemoSi. 

4.5.4. saSualebebi gamavali wylebisTvis 

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Mmdgomareobis Sesafasebeli saSualebebi bolomde ar arian SemuSavebuli, da albaT ar 

arian srulad gansazRvruli, radgan ar arsebobs sruli SeTanxmeba samecniero 

sazogadoebaSi. 

Yyvelaze ukeT Seswavlili sakiTxebi ukavSirdebian eutr<strong>of</strong>ikaciis (mcenareebiT 

dabinZureba) mizezebs da sazogadoebriv jandacvasTan mimarTebaSi my<strong>of</strong>i movaleobebis 

warmatebul gamoyenebas. 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa raodenobrivi gansazRvris saSualebebi dakavSirebuli 

nutrientebis gamodinebasTan aRwerilia mdinareTa seqciaSi. yvelaze gamokveTili 

gansxvaveba HARP/Nut and HARP/Haz gaidlainebSi mowonebulia Ospar konvenciiT, gamonaklisia 

Harp/Nut GL6, 

romelic amJamad Sefasda adre naxsenebi Euroharp programiT (ixileT damateba). 

Harp/Nut gaidlainebi ar aris ,,saSualeba” , magram isini gvawvdian Tanmimdevrul CarCos, 

nutrientebis tvirTis raodenobrivi SefasebisTvis (organuli nivTiereba), romelic 

gamoiy<strong>of</strong>a zRvaSi da gamdinare wylebSi, da maTi SefasebisaTvis da dajgufebisaTvis 

mdinareTa napirebze, sadac gamoiyeneba es Sedareba. 

Ees sakiTxi saxseneblad mniSvnelovania, radgan Sedegebi Zalze gamWvirvalea da advildeba 

informaciis miwodeba sazogadoebisaTvis. 

winaT naxsenebi dabinZurebis Semafasebeli saSualebebi, amorCeviTad miuTiTeben am 

orientirebze da gamoTvlil Sedegebze, romelnic gaidlainebis moTxovnaTa formats 

Seesabameba: saSualebebiT (kanalizaciis sistema, wylis gamwmendi sadgurebi, da sxva) da 

wyaroebiT (saSinao, industriuli, da sxva) da amgvarad, amzadeben gansazRvrebas gaTvlili 

programebisaTvis, dabinZurebis dasamarcxeblad. 

MamasTan, Casatarebelia zogierTi cvlileba, raTa moxseneba gakeTdes 

TiToeul wylis obieqtze, radgan Ospar moiTxovs informacias mxolod zRvaSi Cadinebebis 

Sesaxeb. 

cxrili 4.6. 

sanapiro &gamdinare wylis obieqtebisaTvis saWiro 

saSualebebis xelmisawvdomobis xarisxis Sefaseba 

sanapiro- 

WFD 

Ddaculi arealebi 

gamdinare 

saSualebaTa kategoriebi: 

1. xelmisawvdomi da 

danergili 

saSualebebi 

2. xelmisawvdomi, 

magram jer 

gamouyenebeli 

saSualebebi 

SeniSvnebi 

meTodebze da 

saWiro 

3. ara xelmisawvdomi 

saSualebebi 

monacemebze 

zewolis raodenobrivi gansazRvra zewolaTa TiToeul jgufze 

dabinZurebebi 

Nnutrientebi 

Moneris, Nopolu, Harp.Nut 


toqsinebi 

Harp/Haz 

Mmikrobebi 

wylis reJimi 

cvlileba wylis moqcevis 

Nnavigaciis samuSaobi, didi 

reJimSi 

wyalsacavebis modifikacia 

cvlileba dinebis 

gadaadgilebis 

ganawilebaSi 

nakadis Zlieri cvlilebebi 

morfologia 

Ffiziko-qimiuri 

flora 

uxerxemloebi 

68 

Tevzebi 

Mmoluskebis 

moSeneba 

Bbanaoba/dasveneba 

macxovreblebi/frin 

velebi 

jebiris gamoyeneba wyalsacavze

69 

grZelvadiani kursis 

gaxleCa 

SenarCuneba, wylis 

kalapotis modifikacia 

sanapiro zolis cvlileba 

xmeleTis da napiris 

xelovnuri cvlileba 

cvlileba/ 

hidro/danaleqebSi 

moqcevaTa Soris arealis 

blokireba 

biologia 

Ppidapiri dakaveba 

saxeobaTa Semotana 

daavadebaTa Semotana 

Mmdgomareobis Sefaseba 



Eerozia in dev. 

Eerozia in dev. 

CIEM/CES 

magaliTad, SEQ-ETM 

Ggamaval wylebze mniSvnelovani zewolebi dakavSirebulia cvlilebebTan hidrologiur da 

moqcevaTa reJimebSi, romelic mdinareze an wyalsacavze kaSxlebis Senebis Sedegia da 

navsadgurebis da sanavigacio samuSaobisa. eqspertTa msjelobis erTi magaliTi 

zegavlenaTa SefasebisTvis Setanilia me-6 Tavis damtebaSi. 

saSualebebTan dakavSirebuli Sejameba, romelic miesadageba sanapiro da gamaval wylebs 

am tipis wylis obieqtebTan mimarTebaSi aRiniSneba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Semafasebeli 

saSualebebis simwire. saSualebaTa jgufis naxevarze meti moxvda mesame magaliTSi, sadac 

saWiroa kvlevebi, meore naxevari ki saWiroebs ganxorcielebas. 

4.5. jamuri daskvnebi 

Mmiuxedavad imisa, rom xelmisawvdomi saSualebebis identifikacia ver 

damTavrda, naTlad gamoCnda rom direqtivis mravali moTxovna ver iqneba 

Sesrulebuli mxolod Sesyiduli kompiuteruli programis SerCeviT da 

Dda ganxorcielebiT. 

dadebiTi daskvnebia, is rom skriningis saSualebebi faraven wylis obieqtis kategoriebis 

safuZvlian speqtrs, zewolebs da amocanebs. zogierTi maTgani unarmosilia Caataros 

tendenciebis analizi, ZiriTadi scenaris mixedviT. maSin mosalodnelia, rom 2004 

wlisaTvis moTxovnili analizi umetesad Sesruldeba arsebuli saSualebebis safuZvelze. 

uary<strong>of</strong>iTi daskvnebia, is rom direqtivis originaluri sakiTxebi, romelnic afaseben 

biologiur da ekologiur mdgomareobaze zegavlenis gamomwvev zewolebs, ar arian 

dafarulni xelmisawvdomi saSualebebiT da maTi ganviTarebisaTvis saWiroa mravali 

SemTxvevis gamokvleva da ara mxolod inJineria. 

sakiTxebi, romelic ganxilulia am TavSi imsaxureben Semdgom kvlevebs. 

naCvenebia, rom samuSao jgufma unda SeinarCunos kavSirebi, raTa gauziaron erTmaneTs 

programis ganxorcilebis gamocdileba. es saSualebas iZleva, rom uwyvetad xdebodes 

saWiroebaTa dadgena, da gaidlainebis ganxorcelebisaTvis aucilebel saSualebaTa 

xelmisawvdomobisa da praqtikulobis gansazRvra. 

5. informaciis saWiroebebi da monacemebis wyaroebi 

zogadi midgomis aRwera, romelic saWiroa zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizisTvis 

aRniSnavs mravali saxis informacias da monacemebs, romelic moTxovnil iqneba. isini 

SeiZleba daiyos iseTad, romelnic axdenen sadrenaJo auzis da misi wylis obieqtebis 

zogad aRwerilobas (isini ar arian gansakuTrebulad damokidebulni zewolebTan an 

zegavlenebTan), monacemebi, romelnic aRweren zewolebs, da monacemebi romelnic aRweren 

zegavlenebs. 

ase rom monacemebis moTxovnebi dazustebulia ZiriTadad zedapiruli wylebisTvis, ufro 

meti detalizaciiT gruntis wylebisTvis. 

69

70 



mTel infomaciasa da monacemebTan mimarTebaSi albaT yvelaze advilad xelmisawvdomi 

wyaroebia nacionaluri da regionuli monacemTa qseli wevr qveynebs SigniT. es instruqcia 

ar apirebs mTeli am wyaroebis CamoTvlas. instruqcia migviTiTiTebs, ra tipis monacemebi 

iqneba sasargeblo zewolaTa da zrgavlenaTa analizisTvis, ratom SeiZleba monacemi 

sasargeblo aRmoCndes, da iZleva informaciis wyaros evropis farglebSi. amgvarad sveti 

,,wyaro” momdevno cxrilebSi srulad ar aris Sevsebuli, kompetenturi avtoritetebi, 

romelnic atareben zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizs saWiroeben inovaciebs sakmarisi 

monacemebis Sesagroveblad. magaliTad, ekiTxebian dainteresebul pirTa jgufebs, vis 

SeiZleba hqondes sasargeblo Canawerebi (magaliTad, meTevzeebis da mebadurTa jgufebs 

eqnebaT monacemebi TevzWeraze; adgilobrivi veluri garemos jgufebs eqnebaT sasargeblo 

ekologiuri monacemebi.). 

rekomendirebulia, rom sadac SesaZlebelia, monacemebi grovdeba cifruli formiT da 

gamoiyeneba CIS farglebSi. 

damateba II, 1,1, ,, zedapiruli wylis obieqtebis tipebis daxasiaTeba da 1.2. ,,ekoregionebi da 

zedapiruli wlis obieqtebis tipebi” CaTvlilia damTavrebulad, sanam daiwyeba zewolaTa 

da zegavlenaTa analizi. amgvarad es Tavi fokusirdeba 1.4.-is Sesatyvis informaciis 

wyaroebze, zewolaTa identifikaciaze, da 1.5. zegavlenaTa Sefasebaze. 

monacemebis tipebi, romelic Segrovilia, pirvelad unda moicavdes monacemebs wylis 

obieqtebis Sesaxeb (tipi, morfologia, geografiuli da meteorologiuri pirobebi, 

biologiuri da fiziko-qimiuri pirobebi), vinaidan es aris sawyisi wertili zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa analizisaTvis. 

amas garda monacemebi arsebul gamoyenebaTa Sesaxeb (monacemebi zewolebze urbanuli, 

industriuli da s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis wertilovani da Sereuli wyaroebidan, wylis 

amoRebebze, wylis dinebis regulaciaze, morfologiaze da xmeleTis gamoyenebaze ) da 

wylis obieqtis mdgomareobaze aucilebelia. 

mokle drois CarCoebis gamo zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa pirveli analizis dasamTavreblad, 

unda gamoyenebul iqnas arsebuli monacemebi, Segrovili Sesrulebis Sesatyvisi 

kriteriumebis safuZvelze, da sadac es saWiroa, axlad Segrovili informaciuli SevsebiT. 

Segrovili monacemebi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas me-4 Tavis mixedviT (saSualebebi) 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizisTvis, raTa Sefasdes garemos obieqtebis Sefasebis 

Cavardnis riski, ekologiuri statusi da amgvarad, biologiuri da qimiuri statusi da 

wylis obieqtis daucveloba. unda Segrovdes monacemebi wylis obieqtis aRwerilobaze da 

mis mimdebare arealze, antr<strong>of</strong>ogenuri zewolebis identifikaciaze, da zegavlenaTa 

Sefaseba monitorirebul biologiasa da qimiis bazaze. TiToeul wevr qveyanas eqneba 

gansxvavebuli tipis, wyaroebis da moculobis informacia. SesaZlebelia monacemebis 

garkveuli raodenobiT kategoriebis identifikacia, romelic saerTo iqneba yvela wevri 

qveynisTvis. mniSvnelovani kategoriebia sxva arsebuli EC direqtivebi, romelnic 

nawilobriv naxsenebia WFD-Si, damateba II, 1.4. 

es direqtivebi gvawvdian informacias zewolis kerZo tipze (mag. urbanuli naxmari wylis 

direqtiva) an isini moicaven garemos standartebs (mag. nitratebis direqtiva). aseTi 

direqtivebi gvawvdian informacias sxvadasxva zewolebze. informaciis sxva tipebi SeiZleba 

iyos nacionaluri moTxovnilebani, rogoricaa nacionaluri klasifikaciis sqemebi, 

inventari romelsac moiTxovs nacionaluri kanonmdebloba, da sxva. 

cxril 5.2.1. ,,informacia zewolebze” da cxrili 5.2.2. ,,informacia zegavlenebze” 

direqtivebi, romelnic naxsenebia WFD damateba II, 1,4,-Si da amgvarad gaTvalisiwnebul unda 

iqnan pirvel rigSi. 

5.1. zogadi informacia 

5.1.1. aRwerilobiTi informacia romelic Seesatyviseba wylis obieqtebs 

Mmonacemebis tipi gamoyeneba wyaro 

wylis obieqtebi 

70

71 



wylis obieqtis tipi 

sivrcobrivi 

gavrceleba 

zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa analizis 

sawyisi 

wertili 

meteorologia 

wvimianoba wylis balansi Eerovnuli 

meteorologiuri 

samsaxuri, EEsxva 

evropuli 

temperatura 

geografiuli 

topografiuli 

Qmyari danaleqebis 

geologia 

Ggadaadgilebis 

geologia 

niadagi 

Ggruntis 

daxriloba(%) 

Aarxis morfologia, 

wylis zedapiris 

buneba 

xmeleTis gamoyeneba 

Uurbanuli areebi 


industriuli 

xmeleTi 

maRaros/madneulis 

samuSaoebi 

wylis obieqtebis 

drenaJis areebis 

gansazRvra 

wylis arealis 

maxasiaTeblebi, wylis 

qimiuri Semadgenloba 

qveS mdebare wylis 

arealis daucveloba. 

wylis arealidan 

gamodinebis da drenaJis 

maxasiaTeblebi 

qveS mdebare wylis 

arealis daucveloba. 







wylis obieqtis 

statusis da 

mgrZnobiarobis 

gansazRvra an zewolebis 

Sefaseba. 

winaswari skriningi 

wertilovani 

dabinZurebis 

wyaroebisTvis 


wertilovani 

dabinZurebis 

wyaroebisTvis 


wertilovani 

dabinZurebis 

wyaroebisTvis 


wertilovani 

dabinZurebis 

wyaroebisTvis 

71 

ruqebis samsaxuri, 

EEA, sxva evropuli 

Nnacionaluri 

ekologiuri 

mimoxilva da 

institutebi 


ekologiuri 

mimoxilva da 

institutebi 


niadagis mimoxilva 

da samsaxurebi 

Nnacionaluri da 

regionuli 

statistikuri 

samsaxurebi 

CORINENE-Lmiwis 

safari (EEA) 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis 

administracia, 

nacionaluri da 


samsaxurebi, 

CORINE- Lmiwis 

safari (EEA) 


safari (EEA) 

Kkomerciuli winaswari skriningi CORINE- Lmiwis

72 

metyeveoba 

wertilovani da 

Sereuli dabinZurebis 

wyaroebisTvis 



safari (EEA) 

Gmonacemebis 

tipi 

burusiT 

dafaruli 

miwebi 

Ddasveneba, mag. 

Ggolfis 

kursebi 

aTvisebis 

magaliTi 

gamoyeneba SW GW wyaro 



wyaroebisTvis 




wyaroebisTvis 




wyaroebisTvis 


safari (EEA) 

mTavari mewileebi 

Eeqspertebi 

saministroebidan 

(s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba, 

transporti, 

dagegmareba, 

ekonomika…) 

wylis momsaxureobis 

momwodeblebi, wylis 

gamoyenebis seqtorebi 

& mewileebi 

(fermerebi, 

industrialistebi, da 

sxva) 

Ggaremos NGOs 

sadac maT SeZleba daexmaron informaciiT da codniT 

• daxasiaTebis monacemebis mowodeba (rogorc gruntis aseve 

zedapiruli wylebisTvis): 

• hidrologiuri codna gruntis wlis qcevebze 

- mamoZravebeli Zalebi 

- zewolebi; 

- wylis obieqtis mdgomareobis cvlilebebi; 

- zewolaTa zegavlena wylis statusze; 

• ZiriTadi mewileebis (dainteresebuli pirebis) dadgena 

• Aarsebuli sazogadoebrivi kanonmdeblobis ganxorcielebis 

da efeqtis Sefaseba 

• wylis gamoyenebis daxasiaTeba da misi mniSvneloba 

zewolebTan mimarTebaSi; 

• Tanmimdevruli meTodologiebis gansazRvra ZiriTadi 

cvladebis dasadgenad wevri qveynebis doneze 

• monacemebis mowodeba daxasiaTebisaTvis (ixileT zemoT); 

• Zalisxmeva zewolaTa SefasebisaTvis 

*Ggaremos ZiriTadi sakiTxebis dadgena; 

* garemos zemoqmedebebis Sefaseba 

Mmewileebi/samoqalaqo 

sazogadoeba/ 

sazogadoebrioba 

Mmkvlevarebi/eqspertebi 

(Cveulebriv, rogorc 

naxsenebi mewileebis 

* specifiuri Zalisxmevis Cadeba zewolaTa SefasebisaTvis 

* zewolaTa zegavlenebis gansazRvra wylis statusze (mag. 

Modelirebis meSveobiT) 

72

73 

konsultantebi) 



5.2. informacia zewolebze 

5.2.1. informacia dabinZurebis wertilovan wyaroebze 

Mmonacemebis tipi gamoyeneba wyaro 

Uurbanuli Canarecxi 

wylis direqtiva 

(91/271/EEC) monacemebi da 

moxsenebebi 

integrirebuli 

dabinZurebis prevenciis 

direqtivis 

(91.271/EEC)monacemebi da 

moxsenebebi 

M direqtivis miznebisTvis 

uflebamosili qmedebebi 

76/464/EEC-wylis 

dabinZureba garkveuli 

saSiSi substanciebis 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>iT 

sasmeli wylis direqtiva 

76/160/EEC 

sabanao wylis 

direqtiva76/160/EEC 

Ddireqtiva 78/659/EEC 

Mmtknari wylis xarisxze, 

romelsac sWirdeba dacva 

an gaumjobeseba Tevzebis 

sicocxlis 

SesanarCuneblad 

Ddireqtiva 79/923/EEC 

moluskebisTvis saWiro 

wylis xarisxze 

urbanuli Canarecxi wylis 

saitebis da maTi gamonaJonebis 

Sefaseba. 

Mmonitorirebuli parametrebia 

BOD5,COD, totaluri 

suspendirebuli danaleqebi da 

gamodineba mgrZnobiare areebSi, 

romelnic eqvemdebarebian 

eutrifikacias totaluri 

fosforiT da totaluri azotiT 

Kuflebamosili koleqciis 

saitebi, IPPC direqtivis qveS da 

maTi gamonadenebi.Semdgomi 

daxasiaTebisTvis 

gaTvalsiwinebuli qmedebis 

detaluri daxasiaTeba 

aqtivobaTa adgilmdebareobis 

Sedareba, romelnic 

uflebamosilia am direqtiviT. 

Semdgomi daxasiaTebisTvis 

gaiTvaliswineT aqtivobis buneba 

informacia zedapiruli wylis 

xarisxze, romelic gamoiyeneba 

sasmelad 

(fizikur, qimiur, da 

mikrobiologiur parametrebze 

dakvirveba regularuli 

intervalebiT ) 

informacia wylis xarisxze 

wylis obieqtebze, romelnic 

gamoiyeneba 

sabanaod(mikrobiologiuri, 

fizikuri, qimiuri da sxva 

parametrebi da sxva substanciebi, 

romelnic migviTiTeben 

dabinZurebaze 

dakvirvebis qveSaa. 

informacia mtknari wylis 

xarisxze (dakvirveba fizikur da 

qimiur parametrebze) Tevzebis 

sicocxlesTan mimarTebaSi 

Ddireqtiva awesebs xarisxis 

minimalur kriteriumebs 


wylebisTvis (sanapiro da 

naklebmariliani 

wylebisTvis):fiziko-qimiuri da 

mikrobiologiuri 

parametrebi.aucilebeli 

SezRudvis doneebi da am 

parametrebis saorientacio 

73 

Nerovnuli monacemebis 

Senaxva da moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 

monacemebis Senaxva da 

moxsenebebi, EPER 

Nerovnuli 



Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi

74 



Uuflebamosili qmedebebi 

gruntis wylis 

direqtivis miznebisTvis 

(80/68/EEC) 

sas<strong>of</strong>lo sasuqebis 

gamoyeneba/gayidvis 

monacemebi. Mmonacemebis 

gamoyeneba sadac advilad 

xelmisawvdomia 

Uuflebamosili qmedebebi 

direqtiva 1999/31/EEC 

miznebisTvis 

saitebi, romelnic 

imarTeba Zlier saSiSi 

SemTxvevebis (Seveso) 

direqtiviT(96/82/EC) 

Nnitratebis direqtiva 

(91/676/EEC)moniSnuli 

areebi 

maCveneblebi; sinjis minimaluri 

sixSire da miTiTebuli meTodebi 

am wylebis gasaanalizeblad. 


Sedareba gruntis wylis 

direqtivis qveS. Semdgomi 

daxasiaTebisaTvis 

gaiTvaliswineT aqtivobis 

adgilmdebareobis detaluri 

buneba. 

narCenebis nagavsayrelze gatanis 

direqtiva. Ddireqtiva iZleva 

informacias narCenebis 

moculobis Sesaxeb 

nagavsayrelebis saitebamde. 

Aaqtivobebis adgilmdebareobaTa 

Sedareba, romelic 

regulirdebaNnagvis gatanis 

direqtivis mixedviT. Semdgomi 

daxasiaTebisTvis gaiTvaliswineT 

aqtivobis 

detaluri buneba. 

Ddireqtivis mizania didi 

SemTxvevebis prevencia. Ees 

moicavs saSiSi substanciebis 

SezRudvas, 


Sedareba, romelic regulirdeba 

Zlier saSiSi SemTxvevebis 

direqtiviT. Semdgomi 

daxasiaTdeba iTvaliswinebs 

aqtivobis detalur bunebas. 

Nsas<strong>of</strong>lo sameurneo nitratebis 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>is Sefaseba 

Nerovnuli 



sas<strong>of</strong>lo-sameurneo 

gamoyeneba 

Nerovnuli 



Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi EPR 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

OOSPAR gaidlainebi 

Hharmonizebuli 

raodenobrivi 

SefasebisTvis da 

moxsenebis procedurebi 

nutrientebze ((HARP-NUT) 



raodenobrivi 

SefasebisTvis da 

moxsenebis procedurebi 

saSiSi substanciebze 

(HARP-HAZ) 

cxovelebis daavadebebi, 

epidemiuri dasamarxi 

ormoebi 

nitratebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is Sefaseba 

saSiSi substanciebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is 

Sefaseba 

mniSvnelovani raodenobiT 

cxovelTa samarxebis (>50) 

identifikacia daavadebaTa 

74 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

veterinaruli gadarCena

75 



cnobili wertilovani 

wyaroebi dabinZurebuli 

xmeleTidan 

wyaldidobis wylis 

gadmodineba kanalizaciis 

sistemidan 

miwisqveSa ganlageba 

rkinigzis 

xazebi(herbicidebi) 

navTobsadeni milebi 

gamwovi milebi didi 

magistralebidan 

potenciurad 

damabinZurebeli qmedebebi 

(mag. industria, Ria 

Sesavalis maRaroebi, 

benzinis sadgurebi) 

miwaze gamodinebaTa 

xarisxi 

gamonadenebis qimiuri 

Semadgenloba 

kontrolis miznebiT 

daavadebaTa kontrolis miznebi 

ZiriTadi saitebis identifikacia, 

romelnic saaraudod 

wertilovani wyaroebia, magram ar 

regulirdebian zemoTnaxsenebi 

direqtivebiT 

Stormis wyaldidobis 

identifikacia, romelnic 

gadmodian xmeleTze 

regionebis identifikacia, 

romelnic eqvemdebarebian 

atmosferul cvlilebebs (mag. 

mJave wvimebi) 

sarkinigzo xazebis da 

gamoyenebuli herbicidebis 

identifikacia 

miwisqveSa navTobsadebi milebis 

identifikacia 

didi gzatkecilebidan 

(saavtomobilo) drenaJis dadgena 

miwaze. Semdgomi daxasiaTebisas 

dabinZurebis prevenciis 

RonisZiebaTa gansazRvra. 

areebis identificireba, sadac 

uamravi potenciuri wertilovani 

wyaroa 

Semdgomi detalebi 

zemoTaRweril gamodinebeze 

(Semdgomi daxasiaTeba) 

gamonaJonis Semadgenloba 

(Semdgomi daxasiaTeba) 

wylis menejmentis 

marTva 

5.2.2. informacia dabinZurebis Sereul wyaroebze 

monacemebis tipi gamoyeneba wyaro 

nitratebis direqtiva 

(91/676/EEC )moniSnuli 

areebi 

pesticidebis licenzirebis 

direqtiva (91/414/EC) 

direqtiva 98/8/EC biocidur 

produqtebze 


75/440/EC 

sabanao wylis direqtiva 

direqtiva 76/464/EEC-wylis 

dabinZureba garkveuli 

wylis garemos arealebis 

dadgena maRali an zrdadi 

nitratebis koncentraciiT 

informacia pesticidebis 

gamoyenebaze 

informacia biociduri 

produqtebis gamoyenebaze 

ixileT 5,2,1, ,,wertilovani 

wyaroebi” (naxsenebi 

monacemebis nawili awvdis 

informacias gansxvavebul 

zewolebsa da zegavlenebze, 

ise rom isini savaraudod 

mravladaa CamoTvlili 

ixileT 5.2.1. ,,wertilovani 

wyaroebi”. 


wyaroebi”. 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

pesticidebis licenzirebis 

marTva 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


75

76 




gamoy<strong>of</strong>isas 

direqtiva 78/659/EEC mtknari 

wylis xarisxis Sesaxeb, 

romelsac sWirdeba dacva 

an gaumjobeseba Tevzebis 

sacxovrebeli pirobebis 

Sesaqmnelad 



wylis xarisxze 


sasuqebis 

gamoyeneba/gayidvis 

monacemebi. gamoiyeneT 

monacemebi, sadac advilad 

xelmisawvdomia 



raodenobrivi SefasebisTvis 

da moxsenebis procedurebi 

nutrientebze ((HARP-NUT) 



raodenobrivi SefasebisTvis 

da moxsenebis procedurebi 

saSiSi substanciebze 

(HARP-HAZ) 

miwisqveSa ganlageba 

(EMER) 

rkinigzis xazebi da gzebis 

mijnebi (herbicidebi) 

navTobis savse milsadenebi 

ganodanebeis qimiuri 

Semadgenloba 


wyaroebi”. 


wyaroebi”. 

nitratebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is 

Sefaseba 


gamoy<strong>of</strong>is Sefaseba 


wyaroebi”. 


wyaroebi”. 


wyaroebi”. 


wyaroebi”. 

moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis marTva 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

5.2.3. informacia wylis amoRebaze 


wylis amoReba RBD -Si. 

-amoRebis moculoba 

sasualo dRiuri mimoqceva 

da dabali nakadis 

mdinarebidan gamodineba 

-tbebis donis cvlileba 

-fiziko-qimiuri pirobebi; 

-daleqvis pirobebi, gruntis 

wylebis xelovnuri avsebis 

arsebuli an navaraudevi 

sqemebi; 

SeiZleba vivaraodoT rom 

wylis amoReba 

ukanonoa. 

daadgine (an Seafase 

ukanono amoRebisas) 

amoRebebi mniSvnelovani 

efeqtebiT wylis obieqtze 

(wylis resursebi, qimiuri 

statusi, morfologia) 

wylis menejmentis marTva, 

sasmeli wylis momwodebeli 

kompaniebi 

wylis amoReba RBD-Si, 

sasmelad gamoyenebisTvis 

daadgineT individualuri 

amoReba sasmelad 

gamoyenebisTvis 

76 


sasmeli wylis momwodebeli 

kompaniebi

77 




75/440/EC 

dadgenili aqtivobebi 


miznebisTvis 

amoRebebi>XX m 3 /d an 

miwodeba >XX pirovnebaze. 

saWiroa sasmeli wlis 

daculi arealebis 

gansazRvra 

SesaZlo informacia 

amoRebuli wylebis 

adgilmdebareobaze 

SeadareT aqtivobaTa 

adgilmdebareobebi, 

dadgenilni gruntis wylis 

direqtiviT. Semdgomi 

daxasiaTebisTvis 

gaiTvaliswineT aqtivobis 

buneba detalurad 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

5.2.4. informacia wylis dinebis regulaciaze 


informavia bunebrivi 

nakadis reJimis 

cvlilebebze an gruntis 

wylebis doneze 

dadgenilebebis 

identifikacia 

mniSvnelovani efeqtiT 

bunebrivi dinebis reJimze 

wylis menejmentis marTva 

jebirebis monacvleobis 

raodenoba RDB-Si. 

wyalsacavebis raodenoba da 

tevadoba 

RDB-Si 

xelovnuri barierebi, 

romelTa gadatana ar 

xerxedeba e.w. jebirebi 

ukudinebis wylebis 

farglebi 

mdinaris pr<strong>of</strong>ili, mdinaris 

napiris struqtura, /nakadis 

pirobebis mimoxilva 

gruntis wylebis done 

dinebis regulacia dinebis 

gadagdebiT 

wyaldidobisgan damcveli 

struqturebi 

an gruntis wylebis doneze 

mdinareebis uwyvetobis 

Sefaseba wylis 

organizmisTvis 


Sefaseba da bunebrivi 

nakadis reJimi 

5.2.5. informacia morfologiur zewolebze 







morfologiis Sefaseba, da 

SesaZlo zegavlena 

biologiaze 

morfologiis Sefaseba da 


biologiaze 

77 


navigaciis uflebamosili 

pirebi 









mdinaris napiris morfologiis Sefaseba da wylis menejmentis marTva

78 



struqtura/nakadis 

pirobebis mimoxilviTi 

kvleva 


farglebi 


farglebi 

xelovnuri barierebi, 

romelTa gadatana ar 

xerxedeba 

mdinaris pr<strong>of</strong>ili 

wyaldidobisgan damcveli 

struqturebi 

saSualebebi datborili 

dablobebisTvis 


biologiaze 

ixileT 5.2.4. ,,wylis dinebis 

regulacia”. 


regulacia”. 


regulacia”. 


regulacia”. 


regulacia”. 


navigaciis uflebamosili 

pirebi 


5.2.6. informacia zewolebze xmeleTis gamoyenebis magaliTebidan 


urbanuli areebi 

substanciebis Sesvlis 


s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba (Tu Sefaseba, modificirebuli administracia, wylis 

SesaZlebelia day<strong>of</strong>ilia : nakadis reJimebi, niadagis menejmentis marTva, 

• kultivirebuli miwa erozia da a.S. 

Nerovnuli 

• Saqris Warxali 

monacemebis Senaxva, 

kart<strong>of</strong>ili&marcvle 

erovnuli da regionuli 

uli 

statistikuri mimoxilvebi, 

• gansakuTrebuli 

nacionaluri da s<strong>of</strong>lis 

mosavalis miwebi 

meurneobis samsaxurebi, 

CORINE-xmeleTis safari 

• cxovelebis erTeuli 

TiTo heqtaris 

eqvivalenturi 

industriuli miwa 

qvanaxSiris/madneulis 

mopoveba 

dasveneba, mag. golfis 

kursi, wyliani parkebi 

komerciuli tye-parkebi 

yamiri miwebi, (aTvisebis 

magaliTi) 

5.2.7. informacia sxva zewolebze 


sxva arsebuli EC 

kanonmdebloba 

PEWaobebi/ gasworebuli 

miwebi 

invaziuri saxeobebi 

gruntis wylebis xelovnuri 

avseba RDB-Si 

xelovnuri avsebis sqemebis 

identificireba gruntis 

wylebis doneze 

78 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

bunebaze uflebamosili 

pirebi, da veluri bunebis 

jgufebi 

wylis menejmentis marTva

79 



zegavlenebis 

dasazusteblad, gruntis 

wylebis dabinZureba; 

5.3. informacia zegavlenebze 

5.3.1. informacia mgrZnobiarobaze/wylis obieqtebis daucveloba 


klimatis statistikuri 


informacia wylis 

obieqtebis mgrZnobiarobis 

Sesaxeb mag. substanciebTan 

an sicxis wyaroebTan 

klimaturi monacemebi 

nakadis pirobebis mimoxilva 

(mdinareebi) 

siRrmis, jebirebis 

raodenobis da sxva) 

mimarTebaSi 

mdinareebis daxasiaTeba 

garemos monacemebi 

nakadis siCqareebi 

(mdinareebi) 

morfologia (tbebi) 

-wylis saSualo siRrme 

-wylis saSualo sifarTe 

-daxarisxebis tipi (Sereuli) 

mdinareebis daxasiaTeba 

tbebis daxasiaTeba 

gamodinebis sazomebi 



-moculoba, arsebobis-dro 

(Vollenweider modeli) 

gruntis wylebis 

daucvelobis monacemebi 

direqtivebi sabanao wylebze 

(76/160/EEC) da sasmel 

wyalze (98/83/EC) 

frinvelebis direqtiva 

(79/409/EEC) 

bunebrivi pirobebis da 

veluri faunusa da fkoris 

direqtiva (92/43/EEC) 

wylis obieqtze SesaZlo 

dambinZureblebis 

koncentraciebis sazomebi 

5.3.2. garemos monacemebi 

monacemebis niadagis da 

gadaadgilebis arsebobaze 

da tipze, siRrme wlis 

fskeramde. gruntis wylis 

dinebis meqanizmi (gadagdeba 

an ZiriTadi dinebis 

upiratesi sistema) 

mgrZobiaroba arsebuli 

gamoyenebis gamo 

SesaZlo informacia an 

arealis daucveloba 

informacia wylis obieqtis 

mgrZnobiarobaze, 

dambinZureblebis 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>asTan mimarTebaSi 


direqtiva sabanao wyalze 

(76/160/EEC) da sasmeli wyali 

(98/83/EC) 

statusis Semowmeba 

kriteriumebi Tevzebis 

sacxovrebeli direqtivis 

dakvirveba qvemoT Sesatyvis 

sicxis gamomy<strong>of</strong>Tan, 

nacionaluri geologiuri an 

niadagis 

mimoxilva/institutebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 


Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

Nerovnuli 


79

80 

mixedviT 78/83/EEC 

fiziko-qimiuri substanciebi, 

damateba VIII WFD-dan 

kriteriumebi mocemuli 

76/464/EEC 

direqtividan 



temperaturasTan mimarTebaSi moxsenebebi 

qimiuri statusis Sefaseba Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

gruntis wyali monitoringis 


-substanciebi me7 muxlidan 

-standartebi 

-gamtarianoba 

-substanciebi, romelnic 

Seesatyviseba 

muxli 4-is damokidebul 

sistemaTa amocanebs 

wylis obieqtis qimiuri 

statusis Sesaxeb informacia 

mag. nacionaluri 

klasifikaciis sqemebi, 

,,garemos mdgomareobis” 

tipis Sesaxeb moxseneba, da 

sxva, 

wylis obieqtis biologiuri 

statusis Sesaxeb informacia 

mag. 

klasifikaciis erovnuli 

sqemebi, garemos 

mdgomareobis” 

tipis Sesaxeb moxseneba, da 

sxva. 

informacia cxovelebis da 

mcenareebis jiSebze, 

saerTaSiriso konvenciebidan 

rogoricaa Ramsar biuro, 

Emerald qseli, Segrovili 

informacia da sxva 

klasifikaciebi, rogoricaa 

UNESCO ms<strong>of</strong>lio 

memkvidreobis saitebi, 

biosferos rezervebi da 

sxva. 

fitoplanqtoni (damateba V, 

WFD)-tr<strong>of</strong>ikuli statusi 

makr<strong>of</strong>itebi da fitobenTosi 

(damateba V, WFD) 

gruntis wylebis amoRebis 

Sesaxeb arsebuli 

monacemebis mimoxilva da 

zegavlenaTa TvalsaCinoebis 

simwiris monitoringi 

qimiuri statusis Sefaseba 

statusis Sefaseba 

statusis Sefaseba 

eutr<strong>of</strong>ikaciis 

(mcenareebiT dabinZureba) 

Sefaseba 

morfologiis da organuli 

zewolebis Sefaseba 

wylis xarisxis 

monitoringis nacionaluri 

programebi;. direqtivis 80/86 

farglebSi aqtivobaTa 

rekvizitebis 

sicocxliunarianoba 

Nerovnuli 


moxsenebebi 

garemos gadarCena, veluri 

garemos jgufebis CaTvliT 


benTosis uxerxemloTa fauna 

(damateba V, WFD); 

sapr<strong>of</strong>itebis statusi; 

AQEM-Sefaseba 

organuli zewolebis 

Sefaseba 


garemos jgufebis CaTvliT 

80

81 



Tevzebis fauna:saxeobaTa 

Semadgenloba da siuxve 

nakadis pirobebis mimoxilva 

mdinareTa uwyvetobis da 

morfologiis Sefaseba 

mdinareTa morfologiis 

Sefaseba 


garemos jgufebis CaTvliT, 

meTevzeebi, mebadurTa 

jgufebi da sxva. 


6. wylis CarCo direqtivisaTvis (WFD) relevanturi magaliTebi zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizis Tanamedrove praqtikisa 

danarTi V Seicavs SemTxvevaTa aRwerilobebs, romlebic wardgenilia IMPRESS samuSao 

jgufis wevrebis mier, rogorc Tanamedrove praqtikis magaliTebi (Sejamebulia qvemoT 

moyvanil cxrilSi 6.1). SemTxvevaTa wardgenisas jgufis wevrebs aRebuli aqvT 

pasuxismgebloba, rom uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>en Semdgomi informaciis mowodebas imis Sesaxeb Tu ra 

RonisZiebebi iyo gatarebuli am SemTxvevebSi, rogor ganviTarda es dasrulebis Semdeg da 

rogor SeiZleba msgavsi meTodebi gamoyenebuli iyos sxvagan. 

xazi unda gaesvas imas, rom es ar aris saukeTeso praqtikis magaliTebi, wylis CarCo 

direqtivis mier moTxovnili winaaRmdegobaTa da zegavlenaTa analizis implementaciaSi. 

amis mizezi oria. pirvel rigSi wylis CarCo direqtivis sapasuxod Catarda Zalian cota 

(Tu saerTod Catarda) zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi. amitom, es SemTxvevebi 

dafuZnebulia wina analizebze, romlebic Tumca nawilobriv mainc Seesabameba wylis CarCo 

direqtivis moTxovnebs, magram maTgan ar gamomdinareobs. meorec, es magaliTebi ar iqna 

Sefasebuli IMPRESS –is mier, rogorc wylis CarCo direqtivis kriteriumebis Sesabamisi. 

isini mowodebulia imisaTvis, raTa asaxaxon Tu ra RonisZiebebi xorcieldeba wevr 

qveynebSi da gaadvilon kontaqti moqmedi instruqciis momxmareblebs Soris msgavs teqnikur, 

operacionalur da geografiul raionebSi. 

imedia, rom aq moyvanili SemTxvevebi aris sawyisi cocxali dokumentisaTvis, romelic 

gamdidrebulo iqneba wylis CarCo direqtivis mier moTxovnili realuri analizis 

magaliTebiT. Sedegad, droTa ganmavlobaSi, Sinaarsi mimdinare praqtikis asaxvidan gadava 

arsebul SemTxvevaTa aRweraze, romlebic namdvilad warmoadgenen saukeTeso praqtikas da 

SeiZleba samagaliTod CaiTvalon yvela aspeqtSi. 76/464/EEC 

1 Council Directive on pollution caused by certain dangerous substances discharged into <strong>the</strong> aquatic environment <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Community. 

instruqcia N3 

winaaRmdegobaTa da zegavlenaTa analizi 

cxrili 6.1 Sejameba Tanamedrove praqtikis magaliTebisa, romlebsac Seicavs danarTi V 

cxrili 6.1 danamatSi V moyvanili Tanamedrove praqtikis magaliTebis Sejameba 

dasaxeleba kavSiri 

instruqciasT 

an 

gamoyeneb 

uli 

teqnika 

kavSiri 

xelsawyo 

ebTan 

SemTxv 

evis 

Seswav 

transfe 

ris 

SesaZleb 

81 

wylis 

obieqti

82 



1 specifiuri 

polutantebi 

s seleqcia 

Council Directive 

76/464/EEC 1 gam 

oyenebiT 

(saSiSi 

nivTierebebis 

ganadgureba – 

DSD) 

2 belgia flandriis 

wylis 

xarisxis 

gegma (Water 

Quality Plans in 

3 

safrange 

Ti 

4 

espaneTi 

5 

portuga 

lia 

Flanders) 

wylis 

integrirebu 

li emisiebis 

reestri 

kartografiu 

li 

modelireba 

mdinare 

guadianas 

difuzuri 

dabinZurebis 

SemTxvevis 

Seswavla 

6 dania miwisqveSa 

wylis 

abstraqcia 

7 

norvegia 

8 

espaneTi 

9niderla 

ndebi 

mdinare 

maanaSi 

garemodan 

cadinebis 

optimizacuii 

saTvis 

mdinaris 

sistemis 

simulatoris 

gamoyeneba 

rezervuarebi 

T gamowveuli 

mdinaris 

wylis 

nakadebis 

cvlilebebis 

Sefasebisadmi 

midgoma 

rogor 

aRiweros 

adamianis 

relevanturi 

dabinZurebis 

identifikaci 

a 

dabinZurebis 

zewolis 

sakvalifikac 

io 

xelsawyoebi 

(4.3) 

zewolis 

sakvalifikac 

io 

xelsawyoebi 

(4.3) 

wylis 

moxmarebis 

zewola 

dabinZurebis 

zewolis 

raodenobrivi 

gansazRvra 

miwisqveSa 

wylis zeda 

sazRvris 

daweva 

nakadis 

regulacia, 

hidromorfo 

logiuri 

zewolebi 

nakadis 

regulacia 

hidromorfo 

logia 

GIS 

koeficie 

ntis 

modelebi 

koeficie 

ntis 

modelebi 

GIC 

wylis 

balansi 

GIC 

hidrolo 

giuri 

modeli 

2 da 3D 

modelebi 

sxvadasxv 

a 

modelebi 

modelir 

eba 

SENTWA 

SIMCAT 

Belgian 

Biotics 

Index/Prati 

Index 

la 

loba 

ara ki zedapir 

uli 

ara ki ki zedapir 

uli 

ara ki ki 

ki ki mdinare 

ara ki ki miwisqve 

Sa 

wyali 

ENMAG 

HEC-RAS 

QUAL2E 

RICE 

HABITAT 

ara ki ki 

ki ki mdinare 

ara ki ki gardama 

vali 

da 

1 sabWos direqtiva Tanamegobrobis wylis garemoSi CaRvrili garkveuli saSiSi nivTierebebis mier 

gamowveuli dabinZurebis Sesaxeb (OJ L 129, 18/05/1976, gv. 23) 

82

83 

10 

safrange 

Ti 

zewolasTan 

adkavSirebul 

i 

morfologiu 

riuri 

darRvevebi 



sanapir 

o 

daskvniTi komentarebi 

meoTxe <strong>of</strong>icialur Sexvedraze (lisaboni, 10-11 seqt 2002) IMPRESS jgufis mier ganxiluli 

iqna gadauwyveteli sakiTxebi, SeuTanxmebeli sakiTxebi da Semdgomi aucilebeli samuSao. 

am TavSi Sejamebulia aRniSnuli diskusiis Sedegebi. 

gadauwyveteli sakiTxebi: ara 

Semdgomi aucilebeli samuSao: 

moklevadiani qmedebebi (2002-3): 

kritikuli zewolis saskriningo kriteriumebi: Sefasdes unda iyos Tu ara kritikuli 

kriteriumebi SemuSavebuli individualuri wevri qveynebis mier rom zewolebisa da 

zegavlenaTa analizi Tanmimdevrulad gavrceldes evropaSi. 

zewolisa da zegavlenaTa analizebis seminari: praqtikosebisaTvis sasargeblo iqneba 

SesaZlebloba gauziaron erTmaneTs pr<strong>of</strong>esiuli codna da gamocdileba miRebuli pirveli 

Catarebuli zewolisa da zegavlenebis analizis Sedegad. Ees SeiZleba SemdgomSi 

gagrZeldes Sualeduri meore seminaris saxiT, rodesac sawyisi Sefaseba iqneba Catarebuli 

da aRwerili. 

aRwerilobis Sabloni: Tanmimdevruli aRweriloba SeiZleba miRweuli iyos am miznisaTvis 

specialuri Sablonuri formis SemuSavebiT. 

wakiTxvis saSualeba: IMPRESS jgufis mier miCneuli iqna, rom instruqciis ufro advilad 

wasakiTxad saWiroa misi redaqtireba. Aamgvarma redaqtirebam ar unda Secvalos 

instruqciis Sinaarsi. 

Sualeduri qmedebebi (2004-2005): 

IMPRESS situaciuri analizis sainformacio sistemis xelSewyoba: situaciuri analizebi, 

romlebic moyvanilia instruqciaSi, unda asrulebdnen cnobaris rols praqtikosebisaTvis. 

83

84 



Aamis gansakuTrebeli sargeblianoba iqneba is, rom axali situaciuri analizebi SeZleben 

asaxon direqtivis Sesrulebis saukeTeso praqtika, maSin rodesac amJamad Setanili 

magaliTebi asaxaven amJamindel praqtikas romelic eTanxmeba direqtivis moTxovnebs. 

meTodebis identifikacia: zewolebis da zegavlenaTa analizis procesSi iqneba mimdinare 

saWiroeba saSualebaTa identifikaciisa da koordinirebisa. 

kavSirebi gazomvis, sawyisi pirobebis, da monitoringis moTxovnebis programasTan: es 

kavSirebi mniSvnelovania da isini koreqtulad unda funqcionirebdnen direqtivis, rogorc 

erTi mTlianis, warmatebuli implementaciisaTvis, magram mimarTuli iyvnen calkeul CIS 

samuSao jgufebSi. Aaseve saWiroa identificirebuli iyos sazomebi, romlebic yvelaze 

gamosadegi iqneba zewolisa da zegavlenisaTvis, raTa moxdes xarj-efeqturi Serbileba 

zegavlenebisa ekologiis aRdgenisaTvis. 

7. gamoyenebuli literatura 

WFD CIS instruqcia #1 (agvisto 2002) ekonomika da garemo – wylis CarCo direqtivis 

implementaciis problemebi. gamoqveynebulia evrosabWos garemos generaluri direqtoratis 

mier, briuseli, ISBN No. 92-894-4144-4, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

WFD CIS instruqcia #1 (dekemberi 2002) wylis obieqtebis identifikacia. gamoqveynebulia 

evrosabWos garemos generaluri direqtoratis mier, briuseli, ISBN No. 92-894-5122-X, ISSN No. 

1725-1087. 

WFD CIS instruqcia #3 (dekemberi 2002) garegani zewolebis da zegavlenebis analizi. 

gamoqveynebulia evrosabWos garemos generaluri direqtoratis mier, briuseli, ISBN No. 92- 

894-5123-8, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

WFD CIS instruqcia #4 (ianvari 2003) artificialuri da mniSvnelovnad modificirebuli 

wylis obieqtebis identifikacia da aRniSvna. gamoqveynebulia evrosabWos garemos 

generaluri direqtoratis mier, briuseli, ISBN No. 92-894-5124-6, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

WFD CIS instruqcia #6 (dekemberi 2002) interkalibraciis qselis Seqmis saxelmZRvanelo da 

interkalibraciis ganxorcielebis procesi. gamoqveynebulia garemos generaluri 

direqtoratis mier, briuseli, ISBN No. 92-894-5126-2, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

WFD CIS instruqcia #7 (ianvari 2003) monitoringi wylis CarCo direqtivis pirobebSi. 

gamoqveynebulia evrosabWos garemos generaluri direqtoratis mier, briuseli, ISBN No. 92- 

894-5127-0, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

84

85 



WFD CIS instruqcia #8 (dekemberi 2002) sajaro monawileoba wylis CarCo direqtivasTan 

kavSirSi. gamoqveynebulia evrosabWos garemos generaluri direqtoratis mier, briuseli, 

ISBN No. 92-894-5128-9, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

WFD CIS instruqcia #9 (dekemberi 2002) wylis CarCo direqtivis geografiuli 

sainformacio sistemis (GIC) elementebis implementacia. gamoqveynebulia evrosabWos garemos 

generaluri direqtoratis mier, briuseli, ISBN No. 92-894-5129-7, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

WFD CIS instruqcia #10 (marti 2003) mdinareebi da tbebi – tipologia, sawyisi pirobebi da 

klasifikaciis sistemebi. gamoqveynebulia garemos generaluri direqtoratis mier, 

briuseli, ISBN No. 92-894-5614-0, ISSN No. 1725-1087. 

EC DG XI (1993): CORINE Land Cover – teqnikuri saxelmZRvanelo, luqsemburgi: evrokavSiris 

<strong>of</strong>icialuri publikaciebis <strong>of</strong>isi 

European commission, Fraunh<strong>of</strong>er _IUCT, National Experts <strong>of</strong> member states <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> EU: xelaxali winadadeba 

prioritetuli nivTierebebis CamonaTvalisa wylis CarCo direqtivis konteqstSi (<strong>COM</strong>MPS 

procedura) 

Official journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Communities, No. L194: 

zedapiruli wylebis xarisxisadmi moTxovnebTan dakavSirebiT 1975 wlis 16 ivnisis sabWos 

direqtiva gankuTvnili wevr qveynebSi sasmeli wylis mopovebisaTvis (75/440/EEC) 

Official journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Communities, No. L31: 

1975 wlis 16 ivnisis sabWos direqtiva sabanao wyaltan dakavSirebiT (76/160/EEC) 

Official journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Communities, No. L 129: 

1976 wlis 4 maisis sabWos direqtiva gaerTianebis wylis garemoSi gamoy<strong>of</strong>ili garkveuli 

saxifaTo nivTierebebiT dabinZurebis Sesaxeb (76/464/EEC) 


1978 wlis 18 ivnisis sabWos direqtiva sufTa wylebis xarisxis Sesaxeb, rac saWiroebs 

dacvas an gaumjobesebas Tevzebis sicocxlis SenarCunebisaTvis (78/659/EEC) 


1979 wlis 2 aprilis sabWos direqtiva gareuli frinvelebis konservaciaze (79/409/EEC) 

85

86 




1979 wlis 30 oqtombris sabWos direqtiva moluskebis wylis xarisxisadmi moTxovnebis 

Sesaxeb (79/923/EEC) 


1979 wlis 17 dekembris sabWos direqtiva miwisqveSa wylebis dacvaze (80/68/EEC) 


1991 wlis 21 maisis sabWos direqtiva qalaqis camdinare wylebis damusavebis Sesaxeb 

(91/271/EEC) 


1991 wlis 15 ivlisis sabWos direqtiva bazarze mcenareTa dacvis produqtebis ganTavsebis 

Sesaxeb (91/414/EEC) 


1991 wlis 12 dekembris sabWos direqtiva wylebis samiwaTmoqmedo nitratebiT 

dabinZurebisagan dacvis Sesaxeb (91/676/EEC) 


1992 wlis 21 maisis sabWos direqtiva bunebrivi macxovreblebisa da gareuli florisa da 

faunis konservaciaze (92/43/EEC) 


1976 wlis 4 maisis evroparlamentis da sabWos direqtiva dabinZuirebis erTobliv dacvasa 

da kontrolze (IPPC) (96/61/EC) 


1996 wlis 9 dekembris evroparlamentisa da sabWos direqtiva saSiSi nivTierebebis Semcveli 

didi avariebis kontrolze (96/82/EC) 


1998 wlis 6 Tebervlis evroparlamentisa da sabWos direqtiva biociduri nivTierebebis 

bazarze ganTavsebaze (98/8/EC) 


evroparlamentisa da sabWos direqtiva narCenebis nagavsayrelebze (99/31/EC) 


86

87 



2000 wlis 17 ivlisis komisiis gadawyvetileba damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis emisiuri 

evropuli registris implementaciaze (EPER), sabWos 96/61/EC direqtivis me-15 statiis 

Tanaxmad dabinZurebis integrirebul prevenciasa da kontrolze (IPPC) (2000/478/EC) 

Official journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> European Communities, L 327: 

2000 wlis 23 oqtombris evroparlamentisa da sabWos gadawyvetileba wylis politikasTan 

dakavSirebiT gaerTianebis moqmedebis CarCo-gegmis SemoRebaze (2000/60/EC) 

Streeter,H.W and Phelps,E.B.”A Study <strong>of</strong> Pollution and Natural Purification in Ohio River,III,Factors Concerned in <strong>the</strong> 

Phenomenon <strong>of</strong> Oxiodation and Raeration” , Public Health Bulletin No. 146, (1925) 

United Nations Economic Comissions for Europe (gaeros ekonomikuri komisia evropaSi): sazRvris 

gavliT xangrZlivi haeris dabinZurebis konvencia; Steering Body to <strong>the</strong> Cooperative Programme for 

Monitoring and Evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Long-range Transmission <strong>of</strong> Air Pollutants in Europe - evropaSi xangrZlivi 

haeris damabinZureblebis transmisiis monitoringisa da gamokvlevis xelmZRvaneli organos 

erToblivi programa (EMEP), 1977 

Vollenweider, R.A., and Kerekes, J. 1982. wylebis daWaobeba. monitoringi, Sefaseba da kontroli. 

Organozation for Economic Co-operation and Development – ekonomikuri TanamSroblobis da 

ganviTarebis organizacia (OECD), Paris. 156 p. 

Working group <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> German States on Water – germanuli qveynebis wylis samuSao jgufi (LAWA) 

(2002): “mniSvnelovan zewolaTa identifikaciis kriteriumebi, maTi zegavlenis Sefaseba da 

CamonaTvali, gaazrebuli reportireba evrokomisiisadmi”., Strategy paper, 2002 

Working group <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> German States on Water – germanuli qveynebis wylis samuSao jgufi (LAWA) 

(2000): nakadis gavrcelebis mimoxilva – meTodi mcire da saSualo zomis wylebisaTvis 

germaniaSi; Kulturbuch-Verlag GmbH, Berlin 

danarTi I implementaciis saerTo strategia da misi samuSao jgufebi 

CIS samuSao jgufi: zewolebis da zegavlenebis analizi; xelmZRvaneli: gaerTianebuli 

samefo, germania 

CIS samuSao jgufi: xmeleTis zedapiruli wylebis sawyisi pirobebi: xelmZRvaneli: SvedeTi 

87

88 



CIS samuSao jgufi: gardamavali, sanapiro wylebis tipologia da klasifikacia; 

xelmZRvaneli: gaerTianebuli samefo, espaneTi, EEA 

CIS samuSao jgufi: mniSvnelovnad modificirebuli wylis obieqtebi; xelmZRvaneli: 

germania, gaerTianebuli samefo 

CIS samuSao jgufi: geografiuli sainformacio sistemebi; xelmZRvaneli: JRC Ispra 

CIS samuSao jgufi: interkalibracia; xelmZRvaneli: JRC Ispra 

CIS samuSao jgufi: monitoringi; xelmZRvaneli: italia, EEA 

CIS samuSao jgufi: ekonomikuri analizi; xelmZRvaneli: safrangeTi, komisia 

CIS samuSao jgufi: miwisqveSa wylebis Sefasebis, klasifikaciis meTodebi; xelmZRvaneli: 

avstria 

CIS samuSao jgufi: mdinareTa auzis dagegmarebis saukeTeso praqtika; xelmZRvaneli: 

espaneTi droebiTi 

danarTi II leqsikoni 

termini 

gansazRvreba 

abstraqcia wylis ganzrax mocileba zedapiruli an miwisqveSa wylis 

obieqtidan 

xelovnuri Sevseba adamianis mier wylis ganzrax Seyvana niadagqveS 

sabaziso scenari faqtorebis arCeuli nakrebis ganviTarebis proeqtireba 

politikuri intervenciebis ararsebobis pirobebSi 

dabinZurebis 

dabinZureba, romelic sxvadasxva aqtivobebis Sedegia, ar 

difuzuri wyaro 2 gamomdinareobs erTi wyarodan, aramed warmoiSveba miwis 

sivrceSi gavrcobili gamoyenebis Sedegad (mag. miwaTmoqmedeba, 

dasaxlebebi, transporti, industria). difuzuri wyarodan 

dabinZurebis magaliTebia atmosferuli depozicia, 

samiwaTmoqmedo adgilebidan Cadineba, erozia, drenaJi, da 

miwiswveSa wylebis dineba. 

DPSIR (mzmzp) 

mdinaris, zewolis, mggomareobis, zegavlenis da pasuxis CarCo 

garemos analizisaTvis 

draiveri 

anTropogenuli aqtivoba, romelsac SeiZleba qondes gavlena 

garemoze (mag. miwaTmoqmedeba, industria), aseve mamoZravebeli 

Zala (driving force) 

dineba (flux) 

nivTierebebis gadatana garemos gavliT 

hidromorfologia wylis obieqtis formis, kideebis da SigTavsis fizikuri 

maxasiaTeblebi. ekologiuri statusis klasifikaciisaTvis 

hidromorfologiuri xarisxis elementebi mocemulia danarTSi 

V.1.1 da aseve xazgasmulia wylis CarCo direqtivis danarTSi 

2 WFD samuSao definicia. danergvis konteqstSi masze msjeloba kvlav mimdinareobs. 

88

89 



V.1.2 

zegavlena zewolis garemoze asaxuli efeqti (mag. Tevzebis daRupva, 

ekosistemis modificireba) 

gadatana (load) masalis gaxsnili an nawilakebis saxiT gadatana wylis 

dinebiT 

wertilovani wyarodan dabinZureba raime gancalkevebuli wyarodan, mag. gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 

dabinZureba 

zewola 3 

kanalizaciis SesakeTebeli samuSaoebisas 

draiveris uSualo efeqti (mag. efeqti, romelic iwvevs nakadis 

cvlilebas, an wylis qimiuri Semadgenlobis Secvlas 

zedapirul da miwisqveSa wylebSi) 

pasuxi zomebi, romlebic miRebulia wylis obieqtis mdgomareobis 

gasaumjobeseblad (mag. abstraqciis SezRudva, wertilovani 

wyaroebidan gamoy<strong>of</strong>is SezRudva, miwaTmoqmedebis saukeTeso 

praqtikis saxelmZRvanelos Seqmna) 

mniSvnelovani zewola wylis CarCo direqtivis konteqstSi zewola, romelic 

TavisTavad an sxva zewolebTan kombinaciaSi, aris garemos 

dacvis miznebis miRwevis warumateblobis savaraudo mizezi 

mdgomareoba wylis obieqtis bunebrivi da anTropogenuli faqtorebiT 

ganpirobebuli Tvisebebi (mag. fizikuri, qimiuri da 

biologiuri maxasiaTeblebi) 

statusi 

wylis obieqtis fizikuri, qimiuri, biologiuri an ekologiuri 

reJimi (qceva) 

danarTi III. IMPRESS samuSao jgufis monawileebi da sxva mniSvnelovani kontaqtebi 

qveyana 

organizacia 

AT avstria 

BEbelgia 

CYkviprosi 

GEgermania 

DKdania 

ESespaneTi 

EEestoneTi 

FRsafrangeTi 

FIfineTi 

GRsaberZneTi 

an 

saxeli E-mail faqsi telefoni 

vilhelm vogeli 

robert koneCni 

iohan Llermiti 

rudi vaneveli 

stefanos 

papartifonosi 

volker mohaupti 

ulrike frotCer-hufi 

volfgang meieri 

iren mozli 

heike herata 

martin skriveri 

manuel varela 

aleJandra puigi 

migel angel marini 

iaokin rodriges 

Caparo 

karin paCeli 

ciril portalezi 

filipe kuze 

sepo rekolaineni 

kimo silvo 

gorgia gioni 

anastasia lazaru 

andreas andreadakisi 

daniel mamaisi 

spairos tasoglu 

3 WFD samuSao definicia. danergvis konteqstSi masze msjeloba kvlav mimdinareobs. 

89

90 



HUungreTi katalin zoteri 

IRE irlandia kolon klenagani 

IT italia - 

LT litva neringa sakrauskiene 

LU luqsemburgi Jan-mari risi 

NOnorvegia sven batviki 

andres iverseni 

lars storseti 

are lindegaardi 

NL 

niderlandebi 

ono van de velde 

fred vagemakeri 

duve ionkersi 

kis meijeri 

PT portugalia mariafelisbina 

kuadrado 

fernanda gomesi 

simone pio 

RO rumineTi karmen toderi 

elena tuCiu 

SL slovenia natasa vodopiveCi 

helena matozi 

S SvedeTi andres videli 

UK 

gaerTianebuli 

deiv fosteri 

isobel austini (EA) 

samefo 

jenifer leonardi 

(SEPA) 

ingrid baberi (SEPA) 

jonatan smiti (EA) 

fil humble (EA) 

peter polardi 

evrokomisia ioakim d’eugenio 

ftidrix barti 

qveyana an saxeli E-mail faqsi telefoni 

organizacia 

evrostati maria pau-vali 

(Eurostat) 

EEA 

dominik pro 

gaerTianebuli 

kvlevis centri 

(Joint Research 

Centre) 

EEB 

WWF 

COPA-COGECA 

ECPA 

EUREAU 

kaselis 

universiteti 

(germania) 

ekologiisa da 

hidrologiis 

centri 

andre boSe 

ana Kristina kardozo 

adelin kroli 

kirsti levini (RSPBgaerTianebuli 

semefo) 

devid tikneri 

kris taidmani 

endriu klarki (NFUinglisi) 

diter Seferi (Aventis 

Crop Science) 

andres finsoni 

(Stockholm Vatten) 

ditrih borCardti 

sandra rixteri 

helge emani 

Devid burmani 

90

91 



(gaerTianebuli 

samefo) 

wylis kvlevis 

centri 

(gaerTianebuli 

samefo) 

ionne rees 

Tomas zabeli 

danarTi IV 

meTodebis magaliTebis wardgena (danarTi me-4 TavisaTvis) 

0. mimoxilva 

danarTi Seicavs CamonaTvals meTodebisa, romlebic moyvanilia ZiriTad teqstSi, maTi 

moqmedebis sferos da Tavad meTodebis mokle aRweriT. 

meTodebi SeiZleba wardgenili iyos am danarTSi, aRniSnuli iyos me-6 TavSi (Tanamedrove 

praqtikis magaliTebi) an moxseniebuli iyos mokle aRweris gareSe. es mocemulia qvemoT 

moyvanil cxrilSi. 

cxrilSi aRniSnulia meTodis moqmedebis sfero da is, Tu wylis obieqtis romeli 

kategoriisaTvis gamoiyeneba igi. am danarTSi mneTodebi mocemulia iseTive TanmimdevrobiT, 

rogorc cxrilSi. 

cxrili danarTi V.1: meTodebis CamonaTvali, moqmedebis sfero da aRweris lokalizacia 

meTodis 

dasaxeleba 

lokalizac 

ia 

moqmedebis sfero 

91 

wylis obieqtis kategoria 

skrining zewola da mdgomareobi mdinar tb miwisqveS C 

i 

zegavlena s Sefaseba e a a wylebi 

1) zewolis skriningisa da Sefasebis meTodebi 

zewolaTa 

sakontrol 

o 

CamonaTval 

i 

Tavi 4 X X X X X 

HMWB es danarTi X morfologi 

X 

a 

evrowylis 

qseli 

(EuroWaternet 

) 

saukeTeso 

praqtikis 

magaliTebi 

X X X (X) (X) 

LAWA 

zewolis 

skriningis 

meTodi 

wylis 

xarisxis 

angariSebi 

Tavi 4 X X 

saukeTeso 

praqtikis 

magaliTebi 

ar aris 

X X X 

OECD 

X zegavlena X 

(tbebi) citirebuli 

2) dabinZurebis zewolis sakvalifikacio meTodebi 

OSPAR es danarTi dabinZureba X X 

MONERIS es danarTi dabinZureba X X X

92 



SENTIWA es danarTi dabinZureba X X 

Nopolu es danarTi dabinZureba X X X X X 

3) zewolebs zegavlenis SefasebasTan kombinirebis meTodebi – wylis obieqtis modelebi 

SIMCAT es danarTi zegavlena X 

miwisqveSa 

wylis 

modelebi 

ix. Tavi 4 

dabinZureba 

, 

transporti 

4) zegavlenis Sefasebis meTodebi 

finuri 

Sefasebis 

meTodi 

es danarTi X X X 

inglisi da 

uelsi 

LAWA 

Sefasebis 

meTodi 

franguli 

SEQ-“wylis 

obieqtis 

kategoria” 

es danarTi X X 

es danarTi X X 

es danarTi X X X X X 

romelime meTodis gamoyenebamde Tqven unda darwmundeT, rom igi Seesabameba im mizans, 

romlisTvisac apirebT mis moxmarebas. Tqven unda gqondeT mkafiod gansazRvruli mizani, 

anu icodeT ra SekiTxvebze gsurT pasuxis miReba; unda amoirCioT meTodi, romelsac 

Seswevs unari savaraudo zewolisa da zegavlenis simulirebis da saWiro Sedegebis miRebis 

uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>is. Tqven unda erkveodeT yoveli meTodis SesaZleblobebsa da SezRudvebSi. 

momdevno nawilebSi aRwerilia samagaliTo xelsawyoebi da modelebi, Tumca aucilebelia 

aRiniSnos, rom aRwerili meTodebis umetesoba amJamad gamoiyeneba wevr qveynebSi im 

funqciebisaTvis, romlebic msgavsi, an SeiZleba identuria, imisa, rasac moiTxovs wylis 

CarCo direqtiva. es aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom meTodi gamosayeneblad daSvebuli iyos. 

arsebobs mravali sxva meTodi, romlebic ueWvelad momavalSi danergili iqnebian. 

zewolis Sefasebis meTodebi miesadageba garemos elementebis umravlesobas da gamoiyeneba 

ori ZiriTadi funqciis Sesasruleblad. pirvelia imis winaswari gansazRvra aris Tu ra 

potenciuri zegavlenaa imdenad mniSvnelovani, rom Rirdes SemdgomSi misi gaTvaliswineba 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizisaTvis. savaraudod nebismieri aseTi Sefaseba ganxiluli 

iqneba mogvianebiT analizSi, gansakuTrebiT Tu arsebuli zegavlenebi ar miekuTvneba 

mTlianad im zewolebs, romlebic Tavidan CaTvlili iyo rogorc gasaTvaliswinebeli. 

meore funqcia miesadageba mxolod iSviaT situaciebis, romlebzec sxva informacia ar 

arsebobs. aseT SemTxvcevebSi zewolis Sefaseba SeiZleba iyos erTaderTi SesaZlabloba 

warumateblobis riskis Sefasebisa. aseTi Sefaseba unda gaxdes sagani monacemTa 

monitoringis sistemaSi ganxilvisa, romelic moTxovnilia wylis CarCo direqtiviT. yvelaze 

savaraudoa, rom es SemTxvevebi exebodes miwisqveSa wylis obieqtebs, im drois intervalis 

gamo, romelic gadis sanam zewolebi gamovlindeba garemoze SesamCnevi zegavlenis saxiT. 

92

93 



zewolis skriningis am meTodebis gamoyenebisas saWiroa yuradReba, radgan maT ar SeuZliaT 

saTanadod gamoTvalon sxvadasxva wylis obieqtebis mowyvladoba, rac ganpirobebulia 

rogorc masStabirebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebiT aseve wylis obieqtis auzis 

maxasiaTeblebiT. 

1. zewolis skriningis da Sefasebis meTodebi 

SeniSvna: zewolis meTodebis umravlesoba ukve aRwerilia mocemuli instruqciis sxva 

nawilebSi, rac ganpirobebulia maTi mniSvnelobiT zogadi midgomisaTvis da pirveli 

daxasiaTebisaTvis saWiro praqtikulobisaTvis. 

HMBW zewolis identifikaciis meTodi 

HMBW instruqcia gvTavazobs hidromorfologiuri zewolebisa da zegavlenebis 

saidentifikacio zogierT meTods. cxrilSi danarTi IV.2 moyvanilia ZiriTadi gamoyenebis 

sferoebi da fizikuri cvlilebebi. 

specifiuri 

gamoyeneba 

cxrili danarTi IV.2: ZiriTadi specifiuri gamoyenebis sferoebis, fizikuri cvlilebebis da 

hidromorfologiasa da biologiaze zegavlenebis mimoxilva 

navigacia wyaldidobi 

rekr 

sgan dacva 

eacia 

fizikuri 

cvlilebebi 

(zewolebi) 

kaSxalebi da 

dambebi 

Ggvirabis Senaxva/ 

dragireba/ masalis 

gatana 

sanaosno arxebi × 

arxis gayvana/ 

gasworeba 

Nnapirebis 

gamagreba/fiqsacia/g 

adaRobva 

hidroenerg 

iis 

generacia 

miwaTmoqmedeba/sa 

tyeo 

meurneoba/Tevzis 

fermebi 

wyliT 

momareg 

eba 

× × × × × × 

× × × × 

× × × × × × 

× × × × 

niadagis drenireba × × 

niadagis moTxovnebi × × 

damdgari wylis 

Seqmna gadaRobvis 

gziT 

× × × 

zegavlenebi 

hidromorfologias 

a da biologiaze 

mdinaris dinebis 

uwyvetobisa da 

daleqvis procesis 

darRveva 

mdinaris pr<strong>of</strong>ilis 

Secvla 

mdinaris damdgari 

totebisa da 

daWaobebuli 

× × × × × × 

× × × × × 

× × × × × × 

urba 

niza 

cia 

93

94 

adgilebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 

Semcireba/gaqroba 

sarwyavi velebis 

dabali/Semcirebul 

i dinebebi 

faunis/floris 

uSualo meqanikuri 

dazianeba 

daclis xelovnuri 

reJimi 

miwisqveSa wylis 

donis daweva 

niadagis 

erozia/danagvianeba 



× × × × 

× × × 

× × × 

× × × × 

× × × 

× × × × 

2. dabinZurebis zewolebis sakvalifiklacio meTodi 

OSPAR raodenobrivi gansazRvris da aRweris harmonizebuli procedurebi sakvebi da saSiSi 

nivTierebebisaTvis – Harmonised Quantification and Reporting Procedures for Nutrients and Hazardous 

Substances (HARP-NUT da HARP-HAZ) 

Sefasebis, raodenobrivi gansazRvris (kvantifikaciis) da aRweris wyaroebi azoturi, 

fosforuli da saSiSi nivTierebebisaTvis SeTanxmebulia OSPAR da HARP-procesSi 

(raodenobrivi Sefasebisa da aRweris harmonizebuli procedurebi). 

sakvebi nivTierebebisaTvis arsebobs Semdegi gaidlainebi: 

1. HARP CarCo da midgoma 

2. akvakultura 

3. industria 

4. gamoyenebuli wylis damuSaveba da kanalizacia (saniaRvreebis CaTvliT) 

5. kanalizaciasTan aradakavSirebuli sacxovrebeli saxli 

6. sanapiro dasaxleba 

7. wyalgay<strong>of</strong>a 

8. mdinaris drenirebis SenarCuneba 

gaidlaini 6: raodenobrivi Sefaseba da aRwera gabneuli anTropogenuli produqtebisa da 

fonuri danakargebisa aRniSnavs azoturi da fosforuli naerTebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is gzas 

zedapiruli wylebisaken (ix. analoguri naxati 4.1) 

- gamoy<strong>of</strong>a zedapiruli CadinebiT (gaxsnili azoturi da fosforuli naerTebis 

transporti) 

- gamoy<strong>of</strong>a niadagis eroziiT (transporti gansakuTrebuli, absorbirebuli azoturi 

da fosforuli naerTebisa) 

- napirisa da mdinaris kalapotis erozia 

- gamoy<strong>of</strong>a xelovnuri sadrenaJo nakadiT (sadrenaJo milebiT/qvis drenaJiT 

- gamoy<strong>of</strong>a gamorecxviT (gatutovnebiT) (mineralizacia, filtraciuli wyali, mag. Sida 

nakadi, qvis drenirebuli nakadi, gazafxulis wyali da miwisqveSa wyali) 

94

95 



- uSualo atmosferuli depozicia Sida zedapirul wylebze 

es gaidlaini aRwers principebs, romlebic safuZvlad udevs difuzuri anTropogenuri 

warmoSobis da bunebriv fonur danakargebs. gaidlainze darTulia magaliTebi im 

meTodebisa, romlebic gamoiyeneba SveicariaSi, germaniaSi, gaerTianebul samefoSi, daniaSi, 

niderlandebSi da irlandiaSi. 

saSiSi nivTierebebis gaidlaini moicavs Semdegs: 

1. srul HARP-HAZ instruqcias 

2. bromirebuli cecxlgamZle danamatebi 

3. kadmiumi 

4. dioqsinebi 

5. spilenZi 

6. lindani 

7. vercxliswyali da vercxliswylis naerTebi 

8. nonilfenolebi (NP) da nonifenoletoqsilatebi(NPE) da msgavsi nivTierebebi 

9. policikluri aromatuli hidrokarbonatebi 

10. arakontrolirebadi PCB-Semcveli produqtebi 

mocemul gaidlainSi aris informacia aRniSnuli nivTierebebis warmoSobis Semdeg 

wyaroebze: 

- miwaTmoqmedeba (s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba) 

- transporti/infrastruqtura 

- saSeni masalebi 

- saSinao meurneoba 

- industria (IPPC) 

- industria (ara_IPPC) 

- narCenebis gadamuSaveba 

- dabinZurebuli niadagi 

- sxva pirdapiri difuziis wyaroebi. 

arafers niSnavs is, rom HARP-NUT me-6 gaidlaini, sakvebi nifTierebebis difuziis 

wyaroebze aris erTaderTi, romelic ar aris srulad SeTanxmebuli OSPAR CarCoebSi. am da 

sxva meTodebis Sefaseba xdeba amJamad EUROHARP proeqtis farglebSi 

(http://www.euroharp.org/index.htlm). EUROHARP Seadarebs cxra Tanamedrove sxvadasxva 

meTodologias Nda P difuziuri kargvis raodenobrivi gansazRvrisa Cvidmet sakvlev auzSi 

evropuli klimatis, niadagebis, topografiis, hidrologiisa da miwis gamoyenebis 

gradientis gaTvaliswinebiT. arCeuli meTodologiebi gamosadegia auzebis 

masStabirebisaTvis da dResdReobiT gamoiyeneba evropuli kvleviTi institutebis mier 

nacionalur da saerTaSoriso doneze politikis SemqmnelTa informirebulobisaTvis. 

95

96 



EUROHARP pirveladi mizania saboloo momxmareblebis (nacionaluri da saerTaSoriso 

evropuli garemos politikis Semqmnelebis) uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>a cxra Tanamedrove raodenobrivi 

gansazRvris meTodis saguldagulo mecnieruli gamokvleviT da maTi unariT gamoTvalos 

sakvebi nivTierebebis (azoti, fosfori) difuzia zedapiruli sufTa wyalSi da sanapiro 

wylebSi; da Sedegad gaaadvilos wylis CarCo direqtivis implementacia. 

aRniSnuli mimoxilvis dasrulebamde momxmareblebs urCeven airCion maTi situaciisaTvis 

yvelaze Sesaferisi meTodologia. es moiTxovs garkveul Sefasebebs niadagSi azotis da 

fosforis odenobisa da maTi niadagidan kargvis procesebsa da gzebSi garkvevas. azotis 

da fosforis danakargebi SeiZleba mniSvnelovan farglebSi varirebdes, amitom 

analizisaTvis aucilebelia monacemebi mcenareuli safarisa da miwis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb. 

am informaciis SesaZlo wyaroebia evropuli farTod koordinirebuli monacemebi CORINE 

mcenareuli safaris Sesaxeb (garemoze informaciis koordinacia) da NUTS (statistikuri 

teritoriuli erTeulebis nomenklatura). atmosferuli depoziciis Sesaxeb monacemebis 

moZieba SesaZlebelia EMEP –idan (gaerTianebuli monitoringisa da gamokvlevis programa 

haeris damabinZureblebis gaxangrZlivebuli transmisiisa evropaSi). 

meTodebi Cveulebriv iyeneben eqsportis koeficients, romelic dakavSirebulia erT an 

ramodenimesTan CamoTvlilTagan: marcvleuli kulturebi, daTesvis simWidrove, niadagis 

tipi, klimati, ekoregioni da daqaneba (daxra). 

gamoyenebuli literatura 

OSPAR zRvis garemos da Crdilo-aRmosavleTi atlantikis dacvis konvencia, raodebobrivi 

gansazRvris da aRweris harmonizebuli gaidlainebi. 

sakvebi nivTierebebisaTvis: Norwegian Pollution Control Autority (stf) 1759 1759/2000 (ISBN 82-7655-401-6) 

http://www.ospar.org/eng/html/welcome.html (Measures ->Agreements -> List <strong>of</strong> Agreements (2000); 

saSiSi nivTierebebisaTvis: stf 1789/2001(ISBN 82-7655-416-4) 

http://www.stf.no/english/harphaz 

MONERIS 

germaniaSi gamoiyeneba modeli MONERIS (Modelling Nutrient Emissions in River Systems – sakvebi 

nivTierebebis mdinareebis sistemaSi emisiis modelireba) germaniis baltiis zRvis auzis 

mdinareebSi sakvebi nivTierebebis SeRwevis 

sxvadasxva difuziuri gzebis gansazRvrisaTvis. modeli dafuZnebulia geografiul 

sainformacio sistemaze (GIS), romelic Seicavs digitalur rukebs da mdinareebis, miwisqveSa 

wylebis da organizebuli nakadebis vrcel statistikur informaciasa da monitorings. 

germanuli emisiis yvela gzebis momcveli meTodis detaluri arwera mocemulia “Nutrient 

Emissions into River Basins <strong>of</strong> Germany”, romelic gamoqveynebulia 2000 wels UBA Texte 23/00. 

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maSin rodesac wylis gamwmendi sadgurebi da warmoebebi uSualod mdinareebSi gamoy<strong>of</strong>en 

nivTierebebs, difuziuri emisia zedapirul wylebSi ganpirobebulia sumaciiT sxvadasxva 

gzebisa, romlebic realizdeba nakadis calkeuli komponentebiT (ix. naxati danarTi IV.1). 

difuziis wyaroebis komponentebis es gancalkeveba aucilebelia, radgan gzebSi sakvebi 

nivTierebebis koncentracia da relevanturi procesebi umeteswilad Zalian gansxvavebulia 

erTmaneTisagan. modelSi gaTvaliswinebulia difuziis eqvsi gza, romlebSic danakargebi 

calcalke ganisazRvreba: 

- atmosferuli depozicia 

- erozia 

- zedapiruli wyali (nakadi) 

- miwisqveSa wyali 

- qvis drenaJi 

- qvafeniliani urbanuli teritoriebi. 

emisiis wyarodan mdinaremde gzis garda nivTierebebi imarTeba transformaciis, retenciis 

da kargvis procesebis erTobliobiT. transformaciisa da retenciis am procesebis codna 

aucilebelia sakvebi nivTierebebis maT wyaroebTan dakavSirebul mdinareebSi 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>is/kargvis raodenobrivi gansazRvrisa da prediqciisaTvis. imis gamo, rom am 

procesebis Sesaxeb codna da dResdReobiT arsebuli monacemTa baza gansakuTrebiT 

saSualo da didi zomis mdinareebis auzebisaTvis arasrulia, am procesebis aRwera ver 

gakeTdeba detalizebuli dinamiuri modeliT. 

amis gamo, MONERIS gansazRvravs sxvadasxva gzebs amJamad arsebuli da axali 

konceptualuri midgomebiT, romlebic SemuSavebulia specialurad saSualo da didi 

sivrcobrivi masStabis modelirebisaTvis. modelis SemuSavebis sakiTxebia: 

- GIS dadasturebuli meTodis SemuSaveba, regionuli diferencirebuli 

gansazRvrisaTvis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a/kargvebisa stacionaruli da difuzuri wyaroebidan 500 

km² -ze meti farTobis auzis mqone mdinareebisaTvis. 

- qvemodelebis SemuSaveba regionulad diferencirebuli gansazRvrisaTvis sakvebi 

nivTierebebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>isa wylis gamwmendi sadgurebidan da warmoebebidan, qveynis 

wylis gamwmendi sadgurebisa da warmoebebis detaluri reestris saSualebiT 

- qvemodelis Seqmna eroziiT gamowveuli sakvebi nivTierebebisa da Sewonili uxeSi 

nawilakebis sawyisi komponentisa, romelic gamosadegi iqneba yvela gamokvleuli 

mdinaris auzisaTvis. es modeli dafuZnebulia unificirebul nadagis danakargebis 

gamoTvlis formulaze, magram iTvaliswinebs mxolod im adgilebs, romlebic 

relevanturia mdinaris sistemaSi sawyisi komponentisaTvis. qvemodeli validizebuli 

iqna Sewonili myari nawilakebis da daqucmacebuli fosforuli tvirTiT mdinareTa 

auzebisaTvis. 

- qvemodelis Seqmna, romelic saSualebas iZleva ganisazRvros miwisqveSa wylebSi 

azotis koncentrireba azotis siWarbis gamo samiwaTmoqmedo teritoriebzwe 

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retenciis funqciis saSualebiT. es retenciis funqcia damokidebulia 

hidrogeologiur pirobebze, miwisqveSa wylis Sevsebis doneze da TviT azotis 

siWarbeze. retenciis modeli moicavs pirvel uxeS Sefasebas arasaturirebul 

zonaSi wylis dayovnebis drois da mdinareTa auzis wylis horizontis 

- GIS dadasturebuli qvemeTodis SemuSaveba drenaJiT modificirebuli 

samiwaTmoqmedo teritoriebis regionulad diferencirebuli gansazRvrisaTvis. es 

qvemodeli dafuZnebulia niadagis tipebze da niadagis wylis reJimTa klasifikaciaze 

da validirebulia digitalizebuli rukiT qviT drenirebadi teritoriebisa niadagis 

rukasTan erTad 

- qvemodelis Seqmna sakvebi nivTierebebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is/kargvis sxvadasxva gzebisa 

urbanul teritoriebze, sakanalizacio sistemis gansxvavebebis gaTvaliswinebiT da 

Sesanaxi moculobis SeqmniT gansakuTrebiT kombinirebuli sakanalizacio 

sistemebisaTvis 

- qvemodelis Seqmna sakvebi nivTierebebis retenciisa da kargvisaTvis zedapirul 

wylebSi, romelic gamosadegi iqneba yvela mdinaris auzisaTvis. es modeli emyareba 

sakvebi nivTierebebis retenciis damokidebulebas mdinaris sistemis hidravlikur 

datvirTvasa an specifiur zedapirul Camdinare wylebze. modeli saSualebas iZleva 

mdinaris auzSi sakvebi nivTierebebis Cadinebis sakvebi nivTierebebis sawyisi 

wyaroebidan. aqedan gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia pirdapiri Sedareba gamoTvlili da 

gamovlenili sakvebi nivTierebebis Cadinebisa mdinaris auzis saTaveSi. 

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naxati danarTi IV.1 MONERIS gzebi da procesebi 

samiwaTmoqmedo teritoriaze sakvebi nivTierebebis balansi. sakvebi nivTierebebis 

siWarbe niadagis zeda fenaSi. 

daleqva da retencia miwaSi erozia. sorbcia, desorbcia zedapiruli Camdinare wyali. 

sakvebi nivTierebebis gamotutovneba fesvebis zonidan. gruntis nakadi. zedapirqveSa nakadi. 

drenaJi. retencia da danakargebi arasaturirebul zonaSi. retencia da danakargebi 

miwisqveSa wyalSi. atmosferuli depozicia. qvafeniliani urbanuli teritoriebi. 

wertilovani wyaroebi. sakvebi nivTierebebis SeRweva mdinareebis sistemebSi. sakvebi 

nivTierebebis retencia da kargva mdinareebis sistemebSi. sakvebi nivTierebebis Cadineba 

mdinareebSi. sakvebi nivTierebebis Casvla zRvebSi. 

modelebis SemuSavebis erTerTi specifiuri sakiTxia is, rom sxvadasxva qvemodelebi 

validizebulia monacemTa damoukidebeli nakrebis gamoyenebiT. magaliTad, miwisqveSa 

wylis modeli SemuSavebulia miwisqveSa wyalSi gamovlenili azotis koncentraciis 

gamoyenebiT magram ara imis safuZvelze, Tu rogoria sakvebi nivTierebebis gamovlenili 

Cadineba mdinareebSi. 

GIS gamoyeneba saSualebas iZleva mdinaris sistemaSi sakvebi nivTierebebis 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>is/kargvis diferencirebuli raodenobrivi gansazRvrisa. aqedan gamomdinare, 

gansazRvra ar xdeba mxolod didi mdinareeebis auzebisaTvis. MONERIS modeli 

gamoyenebuli iyo germaniis 300 mdinaris auzisaTvis, romelTa zomebia 100-5000 km² 1985, 1995 

da 2000 drois periodisaTvis. 

SENTWA (System for <strong>the</strong> evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> nutrient transport to surface water - sakvebi nivTierebebis 

zedapiruli wylebisaken transportirebis Sefasebis sistema) 

SENTWA modeli aris s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis (sasuqebis gamoyenebis) Sedegad sakvebi 

nivTierebebis zedapiruli wylisaken emisiis simulirebis sistema. es modeli 

formulirebulia miwaTmoqmedebis federaluri saministrosTan arsebuli CODA-s mier (Center 

for research in veterinary medicine and agrochemicals – veterinaruli medicinisa da agroqimikatebis 

kvlevis centri) 1993 wels, elbes regionis germanuli piloturi kvlevis safuZvelze. CODAm 

moaxdina modelis adaptireba belgiisaTvis da daxvewa modeli kalibraciis da 

validaciis gziT, regionebisaTvis “Zvalm” (qviSiani Tixnari), da “Mark” (qviSnari) 

flandriaSi (belgia) (1997 wels) flamandiis garemos saagentos -Flemish Environment AgencY- 

(VMM) SekveTiT. 

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es aris naxevrad empiriuli modeli, romelic Tvlis s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis Sedegad sakvebi 

nivTierebebis (nutrientebis) emisiebis mniSvnelobaTa rigiTobas. igi Tvlis mdinaris 

wyalSemkreb auzSi azotis da fosforis totalur wliur an Tviur gadatanas (azotis/ 

fosforis kg an tona; azotis/fosforis kg an tona erT heqtarze). flandriaSi aris 11 

mdinaris wyalSemkrebi auzi. 

modeli Seqmnilia rogorc meTodi s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobis/ garemos strategiis xelSewyobisa 

da SefasebisaTvis. 

modeli Sedgeba emisiebis 7 nakrebisagan: 

• atmosferuli danakargebi; 

• pirdapiri danakargebi 

- pirdapiri danakargebi fertilizatoris gamoyenebisas (qimiuri sasuqi) 

- pirdapiri danakargebi saZovrebis tipis mecxoveleobidan (organuli sasuqi) 

- pirdapiri danakargebi Tavlis tipis mecxoveleobidan (organuli sasuqi) 

- pirdapiri danakargebi sasuqis siTxidan an silosidan 

• drenaJuli danakargebi (es Cveulebrivi danakargebia sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo sasuqebis 

gamoyenebisas) 

• miwisqveSa wylebis danakargebi (es Cveulebrivi danakargebia sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo 

sasuqebis gamoyenebisas) 

• Warbi danakargebi (sasuqebis gadametebuli Setanisas) 

• eroziuli danakargebi 

• zedapiruli Cadinebis danakargebi 

upirveles yovlisa, es danakargebi gamoTvlilia wliurad (municipalitetis masStabiT) da 

Semdeg gadanawilebulia Tveebze sxvadasxva faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rogoricaa 

precipitacia, fertilizatoris gamoyeneba, sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo aqtivoba da sxv. 

romeli sawyisi komponentia aucilebeli? 

monacemebi miwis sasl<strong>of</strong>losameurneo gamoyenebis da cxovelebis sxvadasxva saxeobaTa 

Sesaxeb (msxvili rqosani pirutyvi); 

monacemebi cxovelTa sxvadasxva saxeobis (msxvili rqosani pirutyvi) eqskreciis 

koeficientis Sesaxeb; 

monacemebi fertilizatorebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb; 

monacemebi sasuqis transportis Sesaxeb; 

monacemebi precipitaciis Sesaxeb; 

monacemebi sxvadasxva marcvleuli kulturis mosavlis aRebis Sesaxeb; monacemebi sasuqebis 

gamoyenebis standartebis Sesaxeb. 

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es sawyisi faqtorebi arsebobs municipalitetis, an provinciebis, an sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo 

erTeulebis masStabiT: 

• 1999-2000 modeli iqna gadawerili, raTa gamxdariyo momxmareblisaTvis ufro advili 

da gamoyenebuli iqna sxva programuli ena (DBASE-s magivrad DELPHI), VMM 

instruqciebis Sesabamisad 

• 2000-2001 ERM –s VMM mier mieniWa uflebamosileba, Seeswavla sxvadasxva 

parametrebi, faqtorebi, koeficientebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba SENTWA-Si modelis 

saWiroebisamebr gaumjobesebis mizniT. 

• 2002 wlis zafxulSi, Catarda axali gamoTvlebi gaumjobesebuli modeliT; 

• 2002 wlis Semodgomaze, modelis daxvewa drenaJuli danakargebis, miwisqveSa wylis 

danakargebis da Warbi danakargebisaTvis iqna Catarebuli. kalibracia gakeTdeba 

wylis (mag. zRvis ) daSrobis Sedegad miRebuli sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo regionebisaTvis. 

• NOPOLU sistemis (magaliTad safrangeTSi EEA/ETC-W Sesamowmeblad gamoiyeneboda) 

emisiebis Sefasebis meTodologia. 

1993 wlidan, Ifen (EEA –s safrangeTis nacionaluri fokaluri erTeuli) iyenebs NOPOLU 

sistemas NwyalSemkreb auzebTan dakavSirebuli monacemebis damuSavebisa da relevanturi 

monacemebis producirebisaTvis. 

sistema dafuZnebulia srul (Tumca progresulad implementirebad) aRweraze safrangeTis 

municipalitetis hidrologiuri da administraciuli Taviseburebebisa. gaanalizeba xdeba 

6210 poligonisa (romlebic gaerTianebulia wylis 6 saagentod/55 ZiriTad auzad), xolo 

administraciuli erTeulebi gaanalizdeba 23 000 met municipalitetSi. orive gansazRvrebas 

Soris urTierTkavSiri imarTeba sistemis mier, specifiuri kavSirebis gziT (didi qalaqebi, 

romlebic gamoy<strong>of</strong>en polutantebs moSorebiT mdebare mdinareSi), an reestriT, romelic 

amoRebulia CORINE land cover-dan. 

amJamad marTuli monacemebia mdinareSi gamoy<strong>of</strong>a, mdinaris monitoringis monacemebi, 

atmosferuli naleqebi (efeqturi naleqebis CaTvliT), wylis abstraqciebi, industriuli 

aqtivobebi (produqciis, emisiis monacemebis, narCeni wylis gadamamuSavebeli danadgarebis 

CaTvliT), urbanuli aqtivobebi (populacia, WWTPfunqcionireba, kanalizaciis sistema, 

SeerTebuli industriuli obieqtebis CaTvliT). 

mTavari maxasiaTebeli aris is, rom sistema maRalintegrirebulia Sedegebis jvaredini 

Sefasebis gaadvilebisaTvis, OSPAR gaidlainis miznebis dasakmay<strong>of</strong>ileblad, iseve rogorc 

direqtivasTan SesabamisobisaTvis. meore mniSvnelovani Tviseba aris: 

• sistema eZebs calkeul elementTan dakavSirebul individualur monacemebs (mag. 

WWTP muSaobis parametrebi) da Tu isini ar arsebobs, igi Caanacvlebs maT 

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standartuli maCveneblebiT, romlebic Zlier regionalizebulia. es saWiroa 

araobieqturi gamoTvlis prevenciisaTvis, radgan ukanaskneli ar aris mTlianad 

“monacemTa miwodebaze damokidebuli”. 

• GIS menejmentis mxolod erTi sistema aris gamoyenebaSi: erTi da igive monacemebi 

gamoiyeneba igive areebSi wylis xarisxis SefasebisaTvis, EuroWaternet 

reprezentatiuli qselebis, sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo narCenebis, industriuli emisiebis an 

mdinaris mimdebare teritoriebze nakadebisaTvis. 

zewolebis kvalifikaciis TvalsazrisiT, ZiriTadi produqcia aris polutantebis pirdapiri 

da difuzuri gamoy<strong>of</strong>is gamoangariSeba (urbanuli, industriuli, sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo), rac 

momzadebuli da Semowmebuli iqna Llorie-bretanis wylis saagentos mier 1999 wels. 

produqcia SeiZleba mowidebuli iyos nebismieri masStabiT da modalobiT. magaliTad, 

industriuli emisiebi SeiZleba producirebuli iyos NACE saSualebiT (informacia aris 

veb-gverdze: http://nace.org/nace/content/AboutNace/aboutnaceindex.aspnomenclature ), NUTS3 -iT da 

day<strong>of</strong>ili iyos rogorc pirdapiri gamoy<strong>of</strong>a, industriuli gadamamuSavebeli 

danadgarebidan an urbanuli miwisqveSa kanalizaciuri koleqtorebidan gamoy<strong>of</strong>a. isini 

SeiZleba nebismier doneze wyalSemkrebi auzisa Sejamebuli iqnan, raTa Sedardnen 

mdinarispira nakadebTan, rac aseve daTvlilia NOPOLU-Si, mdinareSi gamoy<strong>of</strong>is da mdinaris 

qimiuri monacemebis damuSavebis gziT. 

sistemis struqtura orientirebulia srul transparentulobasa da disprovabelobaze, 

Sualeduri Sedegebis wyalobiT. amitom, sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo dabinZurebis moduli pirvel 

rigSi iTvlis narCenebs, rac SeiZleba Sedardes damoukidebel monacemebTan, da Semdeg 

transfers, rac regulirdeba urbanuli da industriuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>iTa da mdinarispira 

dinebebiT. 

NOPOLU Seqmnilia Access 2000 –iT (Riaa Oracle klientebis/serverebis) monacemTa bazebisaTvis, 

procedurebis umravlesoba aris Visual Basik-Si, da mas SeuZlia nebismieri gare modulis 

damuSaveba (APL CaTvliT). mas emsaxureba Beture-Cerec, JAAKKO POYRY Svileuli kompania. 

3. zewolebis zegavlenis SefasebasTan kombinirebis meTodebi – wylis obieqtebis modelebi 

mocemuli danarTis sxva nawilebSi aRwerili meTodebi iZlevian saSualebas savaraudo 

zewolis savaraudo mniSvnelobis Sefasebisa, an imis pirdapir miTiTebiT, rom wylis 

obieqti imy<strong>of</strong>eba Tavisi funqciis Seusruleblobis riskis qveS, an imis gamoaSkaravebiT, 

rom zewola saWiroebs Semdgom gamokvlevas. 

xSirad am meTodebiT miRebuli daskvnebi SeiZleba kombinirebuli iyos sxva meTodTan, 

romelic axdens zewolebis Sesaxeb informaciis kombinirebas mimRebi wylis obieqtis 

gamosaxvasTan. amgvarad, magaliTad abstraqciiT gamowveuli zewola iTvleba 

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Tavdapirvelad da Semdeg kombinirdeba mdinaris sistemis Sesaxeb informaciasTan, raTa 

ganisazRvros aqtualuri zegavlena. 

arsebobs Zalian bevri modeli, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos zewolaTa da 

zegavlenaTa analizisaTvis, romelsac moiTxovs wylis CarCo direqtiva. am instruqciaSi ar 

aris warmodgenili am modelebis sruli katalogi an romelime modelis gamoyenebis 

rekomendacia. Semdegi nawilebis mizania mkiTxvels miawodos informacia modelebis 

sxvadasxva arsebuli tipebis Sesaxeb, da imaT Sesaxeb, romlebic SeiZleba praqtikul 

situaciaSi gamosadegi iyvnen. 

modelebi xSirad efuZneba adgils (anu saxasiaTo teritoriebs) da umravles SemTxvevaSi 

es adgili dakavSirebulia wylis obieqtTan (mag. mdinare, tba, sanapiri wylebi). es 

individualuri adgilebis modelebi SeiZleba SeerTebuli iyos erTmaneTTan 

sxvadasxvagvarad raTa gamosaxos ufro didi sistema; magaliTad difuzuri modeli 

(zewolis gaangariSebis meTodi aRwerili nawilSi 4.30) SeiZleba SeuerTdes mdinareebis 

models da miwisqveSa wylebis models wyalSemkrebi auzis sruli hidrologiuri sistemis 

gamosaxvisaTvis. sxva modelebi asaxaven mraval adgils erTi CarCos (infrastruqturis) 

farglebSi. 

bevri momdinare proeqtis, rogorc nacionaluri aseve evropuli masStabiT, mizania 

uzrunvelyon modelirebis teqnikis Sesaxeb sruli informacia, wylis CarCo direqtivis 

mxardasaWerad. erTerTi gamoCenili aris BMW (SedarebiTi analizis modelebi wylis CarCo 

direqtivisaTvis Benchmarking Models for <strong>the</strong> WFD, http://www.vyh.fi/eng/research/euproj/bmw/homepage.htm ). 

miuxedavad imisa, rom am proeqtebis saboloo angariSi ar gamoqveyndeba sanam ar 

damTavrdeba zegavlenaTa sawyisi analizi, maT SesaZloa mogvawodon saWiro informacia 

modelirebis teqnikaze. 

• monte-karlos hibriduli deterministuli modeli mdinareebisaTvis – SIMCAT 

am tipis modelirebis meTodi aTavsebs transportirebisa da dinebis Sida procesebis 

deterministul aRweras monte-karlos infrastruqturis (CarCos) SigniT. damoukidebeli 

modelebis didi raodenoba gamoiyeneba wylis xarisxis ganawilebis generaciisaTvis 

mdinaris qselSi. amis misaRwevad models esaWiroeba yvela sawyisi monacemi (Senakadebi, 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>a da abstraqciebi) raTa moaxdinos specifikacia mudmivi, normaluri, 

logariTmulad normaluri, samparametriani wanacvlebuli logariTmulad normaluri, an 

araparametruli ganawilebebisa wliurad an Tviurad. yoveli modeli iyenebs nimuSebs am 

ganawilebebisa, an randomulad, an momxmareblis mier gansazRvruli korelaciebis 

gamoyenebiT nakadsa da xarisxs Soris, gamoy<strong>of</strong>is nakadsa da mimRebi mdinaris nakads Soris, 

an Senakadebis nakadsa da ZiriTadi mdinaris nakads Soris. dadgenili distribuciebidan 

(ganawilebebidan) SIMCAT axdens saSualo maCveneblis gamoyvanas 95% an 90% TiToeuli 

determinantisaTvis. aseve mocemulia sarwmunoobis limiti. 

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SIMCAT ar xsnis adveqciur-dispersiul gantolebebs, amis magivrad iyenebs yovel radiusze 

gadatanaTa martivi Sekrebis formulas, koncentraciis gamosaTvlelad da nakadi-siCqare 

urTierTkavSirs dinebis mimarTulebiT moZraobis gamosaTvlelad. miCneulia, rom 

polutantebi maSinve da erTgvarovnad Seereva mimReb wyals da gadaadgildeba imave 

siCqariT, rogorc es wyali. 

modeli moicavs qlorids, BOD, amoniums da DO, rogorc standartul determinantebs. 

qimiuri procesebi moicavs reaeracias, BOD daSlas, da amoniumis nitrifikacias (striterfespis 

modificirebuli formulis Tanaxmad). procesebi warmodgenilia temperaturisadmi 

sensitiuri pirveli rigis daSliT. daSlisa da reaeraciis yvela parametris da siCqaris 

urTierTkavSiri SeiZleba TiToeul radiusSi calcalke iyos specifizirebuli. 

kalibracia SeiZleba moxdes manualurad an modelis Sida rutinuli kalibraciuli 

xerxiT, romelic amTxvevs modelis produqcias gazomil monacemebs, parametrebis da 

difuzuri nakadis SeTanawyobiT. TviTkalibraciisas SIMCAT iZleva mdinaris eqstra 

nakadebs ise, rom Sedegebi emTxveva nakadebis kalibrs, iseve rogorc mdinaris sigrZis 

Sedegi, da iTvlis xarisxis parametrebTan TanxvedraTa serias, raTa daemTxves xarisxis 

samodelo ganawilebas romlebic aRniSnulia monitoringis sadgurebze. 

avtokalibraciis Tanmimdevroba iseTia, rom samodeli Sedegebi jer dardeba monitoringis 

sadguris monacemebs. xdeba daTvla parametrebis damTxvevebisa da siCqarisa, rac 

saSualebas iZleva gazomil monacemebTan zusti Tanxvedrisa, da Semdeg modeli ubrundeba 

dinebis zemoT mdebare monitoringis sadguris xarisxis monacemebs da imeorebs mis mier 

dinebis mimarTulebiT ufro qvemoT Catarebul kalkulaciebs, parametrebis, nakadis da 

siCqaris axali maCveneblebis gamoyenebiT. modelis axali Sedegebi dardeba monitoringis 

sadguris monacemebs, da Tu aucilebelia, procesi meordeba. 

‣ arsebuli gamoyeneba 

SIMCAT aris modeli, romelic SemuSavda garemos saagentosaTvis (inglisSi da uelsSi) da 

farTod gamoiyeneba wylis xarisxis dagegmarebaSi. rodesac modeli kalibrirebulia, misi 

gamoyeneba SeuZlia SedarebiT naklebi gamocdilebis mqone personalsac, radgan modelis 

muSaobis meTodi da misi produqcia martivi da gasagebia. miuxedavad amisa, wyalSemkrebi 

auzis modeli yovelTvis kalibrirebuli unda iqnas kompetenturi teqnikuri personalis 

mier, da iqnas yuradRebiT Semowmebuli, radgan sawyisi monacemebis interpretaciaSi 

Secdomebi am tipis modelSi (sadac kalibracia efuZneba mxolod sawyis monacemebs) iwveven 

SecdomiT kalibracias da amis gamo Sedegebis araswor interpretacias. 

‣ relevantoba zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizisaTvis 

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105 



am tipis meTodi pirveladad mowodebulia mdinareebis saerTo qimiur xarisxze dabinZurebis 

wertilovani wyaroebis zegavlenis gamokvlevisaTvis. igi saSualebas iZleva yoveli 

wyaros zewolis Sedegad warmoqmnili zegavlena Sefasebuli iyos rogorc 

individualurad, aseve kombinirebulad. difuzuri gadatana aseve SeiZleba iyos miRebuli. 

‣ literatura da dokumentacia 

modelis saxelmZRvaneloSi modelis momzadebis procesi nabij-nabij aris axsnili. masSi 

aris vrceli nawili modelis statistikuri safuZvlebis Sesaxeb. saxelmZRvaneloSi aris 

aseve daSlis parametrebis yvela forma, romelic gamoiyeneba modelSi, aseve 

gadaadgilebis drois formulebi da sarwmunoobis limitis Sefasebis meTodebi. 

4. zegavlenis Sefasebis meTodebi 

• fineTis nacionaluri wylis xarisxis klasifikacia 

fineTis arsebuli wylis xarisxis klasifikaciis sistema SemuSavebuli iqna imisaTvis, rom 

mocemuli iyos informacia wylis vargisianobisa adamianis mier gamoyenebisaTvis, 

ekologiuri xarisxis mxolod im elementebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebsac pirdapiri 

zegavlena aqvT wylis vargisianobaze. igi ganixilavs wylis yvela obieqts erTnairad, ar 

akeTebs gansxvavebas wylis sxvadasxva kategoriebsa da wylis obieqtebis tipebs Soris. 

klasifikacia ZiriTadad emyareba qimiuri xarisxis elementebs da aseve zogierT 

biologiur elementsac (higienuri indikatorebi, qlor<strong>of</strong>ili da “wylis yvaviloba”). 

kriteriumebi da zRcvruli koncentraciebi moyvanilia cxrilSi danarTi IVb.3 

cxrili danarTi IV.3: klasifikaciis finuri nacionaluri sistema 

klasi klasis interpretacia cvladebi da maTi zRvruli 

mniSvnelobebi 

I saukeTeso 

wyali bunebriv 

mdgomareobaSia, Cveulebriv 

oligotr<strong>of</strong>ulia, gamWvirvale 

an mciredi naleqiT. 

gamoyenebis yvela formisaTvis 

Sesaferisia. 

feri < 50 mg Pt/l 

gamWvirvaloba > 2.5 m 

SemRvreva < 1.5 FTU 

nawlavis kolibaqteriebi an nawlavuri 

streptokokebi < 10 CFU/100 ml 

totaluri fosfori < 12 μg/l 

saSualo qlor<strong>of</strong>ili –α zrdis 

periodSi < 3 μg/l 

II kargi 

wyali bunebrivTan 

miaxloebul mdgomareobaSia 

an mcired eutr<strong>of</strong>iuli. wyali 

kvlav Sesaferisia gamoyenebis 

sferoTa umravlesobisaTvis. 

Jangbadis koncentracia epilimnionSi 

80-100% 

ar aris Jangbadis deficiti 

hipolimnionSi 

feri 50-100 mg Pt/l (< 200 bunebriv 

huminur wylebSi) 

gamWvirvaloba 1-2.5 m 

fekaliis indikatori baqteria < 50 

CFU/100 ml 


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106 





III 

damakmay<strong>of</strong>ilebeli 

IV misaRebi 

wyalSi mcired Sereulia 

narCeni (gamoyenebuli) wylebi, 

arawertilovani gadatanis an 

sxva aqtivobebis gamo, an aris 

SesamCnevad eutr<strong>of</strong>iuli 

bunebrivi mizezebis gamo. 

wyali Cveulebriv 

damakmay<strong>of</strong>ilebelia 

gamoyenebis sferoTa 

umetesobisaTvis 

wyalSi mniSvnelovnad 

Sereulia narCeni wylebi 


sxva aqtivobebis gamo. wyali 

gamodgeba mxolod 

gamoyenebis im sferoebisaTvis, 

romelTac wylis xarisxisadmi 

dabali moTxovnebi aqvT. 


70-120%, Jangbadis garkveuli 

deficiti SeiZleba iyos hipolimnionSi 

feri < 150 mg Pt/l 


CFU/100 ml 





40-150%, Jangbadis garkveuli 

deficiti hipolimnionSi 


CFU/100 ml 

totaluri fosfori < 50-100 μg/l 


periodSi < 20-50 μg/l 

“wylis Yyvaviloba” xSiria 

janmrTelobisaTvis saSiSi 

elementebis koncentracia: As < 50 μg/l, 

Hg < 2 μg/l, Cd < 5 μg/l, Cr < 50 μg/l, Pb < 50 

μg/l, totaluri cianidi < 50 μg/l 

V cudi 

wyali Zlier dabinZurebulia 

narCeni wylebiT 


sxva aqtivobebis gamo. ar 

Seefereba wylis gamoyenebis 

arcerT sferos. 

wylis balansis did problemebi, 

Jangbadis saturacia epilimnionSi 

zafxulis ganmavlobaSi SeiZleba 

aRematebodes 150%; meores mxriv, 

SesaZloa Jangbadis totaluri 

Semcireba zedapirze; stratifikaciis 

sezonis bolos hipolimnioni 

SesaZloa sruliad anaerobuli iyos. 

fekaliis indikatori baqteria > 1000 

CFU/100 ml 

totaluri fosfori > 100 μg/l 


periodSi > 50 μg/l 

erTi an meti CamoTvlilidan aWarbebs 

zRvrul limits specifiurs IV 

klasisaTvis: As, Hg, CD, Cr, Pb an 

totaluri cianidi. 

vercxliswylis koncentracia 

mtacebeli Tevzis saxeobebSi > 1 mg/kg 

xSirad wylis zedapirze aris 

zeTovani fena 

• garemos saagentos (inglisi da uelsi) mdinaris ekosistemis klasifikacia 

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107 



inglisis da uelsis mdinaris ekosistemis klasifikaciis sqema warmodgenilia cxrilSi 

danarTi IV.4. fizikur-qimiuri parametrebi SeiZleba aRebuli iqnas gamovlenili 

monacemebidan an modelirebuli produqciidan. iTvleba, rom klasebi 1 da 2 gamosaxaven 

kondiciebs, Sesaferiss oragulisebri da kobrisebri Tevzebis populaciisaTvis. 

cxrili danarTi IV.4: mdinaris ekosistemis klasifikacia, romelsac iyenebs inglisis da 

uelsis garemos saagento 

klasi gaxsnili 

Jangbadi 

% 

saturaci 

a 10th %ile 

BOD 

mg l¯¹ 

90th 

%ile 

totaluri 

amoniumi 

mg N l¯¹ 90th 

%ile 

UNionizirebul 

i amoniumi 

mg N l¯¹ 95th 

%ile 

pH qveda 

limiti 5th 

%ile zeda 

limitamd 

e 95th %ile 

simyare 

mg l¯¹ 

CaCO3 

gaxsnili 

spilenZi 

μg l¯¹ 95th 

%ile 

totaluri 

TuTia μg 

l¯¹ 95th %ile 

1 80 2.5 0.25 0.021 6.0-9.0 ≤ 10 

>10 ≤ 50 

>50 ≤100 

>100 

2 70 4.0 0.6 0.021 6.0-9.0 ≤ 10 

>10 ≤ 50 

>50 ≤100 

>100 

3 60 6.0 1.3 0.021 6.0-9.0 ≤ 10 

>10 ≤ 50 

>50 ≤100 

>100 

4 50 8.0 2.5 6.0-9.0 ≤ 10 

>10 ≤ 50 

>50 ≤100 

>100 

5 20 15.0 9.0 

5 

22 

40 

112 

5 

22 

40 

112 

5 

22 

40 

112 

5 

22 

40 

112 

30 

200 

300 

500 

30 

200 

300 

500 

30 

200 

300 

500 

30 

200 

300 

500 

• zegavlenis Sefasebis germanuli modeli (LAWA) 

gamokvleuli unda iyos monacemebi wylis obieqtis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, romelic arsebobs 

garemoze dakvirvebis Sedegad. wylis obieqtis mdgomareobis pirveladi monacemebi unda 

gaTvaliswinebuli iyos zewolebis zegavlenis Sesafaseblad da unda iyos gansjili 

xarisxisadmi moTxovnebis da agregaciis kriteriumebis mixedviT. Tu es arasakmarisia, 

aucilebelia Sefaseba an gaTvaliswineba modelis dadgenili zewolebis safuZvelze. imis 

albaTobis varaudi, rom kargi ekologiuri an qimiuri kondiciebi ar iqneba miRweuli 

dakvirvebis periodis ganmavlobaSi, gakeTdeba kriteriumebis safuZvelze, romlebic 

moyvanilia cxrilSi danarTi IV.5. 

cxrili danarTi IV.5: zegavlenaTa SefasebisaTvis aucilebeli informacia (LAWA) 

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108 



indikatori 

zRvruli maCveneblebi 

lpobis (saprobiuli) 

statusi 

tr<strong>of</strong>ikis statusi 

fizikoqimiuri 

nivTierebebi 

gaTboba 

marilianoba 

> 30% nakadis CarCoSi > nacionaluri biologiuri xarisxis done 

(aq: biologiuri xarisxis done II) 

>30% nakadis CarCoSi > nacionaluri xarisxis done (aq: tr<strong>of</strong>ikis 

klasi > II, Sefaseba emyareba nitratis (N > 6 mg/l) da fosfatis (P > 

0,2 mg/l) koncentracias 50 %ile 

aWarbebs xarisxis arsebul moTxovnebs an xarisxis kriteriumebs 

evrogaerTianebis 76/464/EEC direqtivisa da codnas prioritetuli 

nivTierebebis Semcvelobaze 

evrogaerTianebis Tevzebis sicocxlis direqtivis mixedviT: 

- maqs. wliuri temperatura: >21.5 ºC (oragulisebrTa 

wylis obieqti), >28 ºC (kobrisebrTa wylis obieqti) 

- maqs. zamTris temperatura >10 ºC (oragulisebrTa 


- maqsimaluri dasaSvebi gaTboba: 1.5 K (oragulisebrTa 

wylis obieqti), 3.0 K (kobrisebrTa wylis obieqti) 

saSualo: Cl= 400 mg/l 

morfologia • wylis arealis Seswavla – mimoxilvis meTodi: mdinaris 

distanciis 30%-ze meti menejmentis erTeulis SigniT 

mimoixileba struqturuli xarisxis klasebiT 6 an 7 

nawilisaTvis “mdinaris kalapoti (rac Sedgeba Semdegi 

parametrebisagan: 

- daklakniloba 

- napiris fiqsacia 

- anTropogenuri barierebi 

- wylis dinebis regulacia 

- napiris mcenareuloba 

• mdinaris uwyvetobis darRveva (anTropogenuri barierebi, 

ukudineba) > 30% nakadis qselis 

• franguli SEQ dafuZnebuli xarisxis Sefasebisadmi midgoma 

safrangeTis midgoma emyareba ZiriTad koncefciebs, romelTagan yvela Seesatyviseba EEA da 

Eurostat-is rekomendaciebs. es koncefciebi Semdegia: 

‣ wylis xarisxis Sefasebis sqema (SEQ sistema)romelic moicavs wyals, bilogiur da 

fizikur saSualebebs. igi gamoiyeneba mdinare (moZravi) wylisaTvis, damdgari, 

Sualeduri da miwisqveSa wylisaTvis. 

‣ procedura wylis xarisxis statistikuri gamosaxvisaTvis, danergili EEA da 

EuroWaternet (evropis wylis qseli) sruli rekomendaciiT da procedura wylis xarisxis 

gamoangariSebisaTvis, danergili Eurostst/UNECE zogadi meTodologiuri rekomendaciiT. 

SEQ sistema axdens xarisxis Sefasebas TiToeuli monitoringis sakiTxisa gamovlenili 

monacemebidan. igi moicavs sam samuSao meTods: 

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109 



1. wylis xarisxis gamokvlevis sistema (SEQ-wyali) romelic afasebs wylis fizikurqimiur 

xarisxs da romelic gamoiyeneba safrangeTSi 1999 wlidan 

2. SEQ-bio, romelic afasebs nakadis biologiur xarisxs 

3. SEQ-fizikuri, romelic afasebs nakadis artifikalizaciis dones 

sabaziso principi romelic safuZvlad udevs SEQ midgomas, aris is, rom nebismieri wylis 

obieqtis sxvadasxva gamoyeneba an funqcia SeiZleba erTi da imave saxis determinantebiT an 

erTi da imave efeqtis saSualebiT Sefasdes. magaliTad, mdinare wylis xarisxis 

SefasebisaTvis SEQ-wyali ganasxvavebs 15 deskriptors (sakvanZo sityvas) (“cvlilebas”), 

romelTagan yoveli moicavs relevantur determinantebs. 

Sefaseba tardeba zRvruli cxrilebis gamoyenebiT (ix. cxrili danarTi IV.6 

magaliTisaTvis), romelic aRniSnavs klasis limits. indeqsis gamoangariSeba xdeba 

algebruli funqciiT, romelic Seesatyviseba zRvrul mniSvnelobebs. 

SEQ sistema gamoiTvlis indeqsebs (masStabi 0-100) wylis potenciuri biologiuri 

SesaZleblobebisaTvis (rac mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli direqtivaSi aRweril ekologiuri 

statusis fizikur-qimiur komponentebTan) da wylis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobis potenciur 

indeqss (rogoricaa sasmeli wyali, sacurao wyali da sxv., saWiroebebis Sesabamisad). 

indeqsi SeiZleba wardgenili iyos meore safexurze 5 klasad. es klasebi wardgenilia 

xuTi feris saxiT (lurji, mwvane, yviTeli, narinjisferi, wiTeli). es klasebi gamosaxaven 

wylis obieqtze zegavlenis erTsa da imave xarisxs. aqedan gamomdinare, klasebi SeiZleba 

Sedarebuli iqnas aRwerebisa da funqciebis TvalsazrisiT, rac iZleva kompleqsuri 

agregaciis meTodebis meore etapze gamoyenebis saSualebas. 

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110 



cxrili danarTi IV.6: SEQ Sefasebis badis magaliTi, deskriptori “marilianoba”, 

gamoyeneba: sasmeli wyali, saSualeba: miwisqveSa wyali (wyaro: 

http://www.eaufrance.tm.fr/francais/etudes/pdf/etude80.pdf) 

marilianobis da mineralizaciis cvlileba 

parametrebi 

erTeulebi 

Ria lurji 

muqi lurji 

yviTeli 

wiTeli 

gamtarianoba 

sixiste 

pH 

mSrali danaleqi 

qloridebi 

sulfatebi 

kalciumi 

ftoridebi 

magniumi 

kaliumi 

natriumi 

mTliani tuteoba 

SEQ me-2 versia axali kompiuteruli meTodiT, male gamoqveyndeba. igi Seicavs yvela 33 

prioritetul nivTierebas, romlebic gansazRvrulia direqtivis danarTSi X. 

yvela detali PDF dokumentis saxiT SegiZliaT moipovoT misamarTze http://www.eaufrance.tm.fr 

(am saitidan SesaZlebelia mxolod frangul enaze CamotvirTva). 

danarTi V SemTxvevaTa analizi 

Semdegi SemTxvevebis analizis Sejameba moyvanilia mTavari saxalmZRvanelo dokumentis me-6 

TavSi. 

dasaxeleba No: 1 

specifiuri polutantebis SerCeva 76/464/EEC 4 sabWos direqtivis implementaciis mimdinare 

samuSaos gamoyenebiT (saxifaTo nivTierebebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a - Discharge <strong>of</strong> Dangerous Substances- DSD) 

4 sabWos direqtiva Tanamegobrobis wylis garemoSi CaRvrili garkveuli saSiSi nivTierebebis mier 

gamowveuli dabinZurebis Sesaxeb (OJ L 129, 18/05/1976, gv. 23) 

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zegavlenis tipi: 

qimikatebis gazrdili gadatana, toqsiuroba, ekotoqsiuroba, akumulacia da meoradi 

mowamvla 

zewolis tipi: 

qimikatebis wertilovani da difuzuri wyaroebi 

analizis tipi an meTodi: 

wylis CarCo direqtiva moiTxovs dabinZurebis sawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebis SemuSavebas 

miznebis miRwevisaTvis. erTis mxriv, prioritetuli nivTierebebi (danarTi X) regulirdeba 

16 qveTavis Tanaxmad. meores mxriv, sxva specifiuri polutantebi saWiroeben 

identificirebas mdinaris auzis (raionis) masStabiT (instruqciis nawili 3.5 ). 

76/464/EEC sabWos direqtiva ukve flobs aseT meqanizms, rac aRwerilia me-7 TavSi, sadac 

wevrma qveynebma unda warmoadginon dabinZurebis Semcirebis programebi relevanturi 

polutantebisaTvis, romlebic miTiTebulia direqtivis siaSi II. e.w. “sia II-is nivTierebebi” 

aseve unda amorCeuli iyon polutantebs im jgufebs Soris, romlebic arian msgavsi 

CamoTvlilisa wylis CarCo direqtivisa VIII danarTSi. 

rekomendebulia, rom (da garkveulwilad aucilebelicaa) 76/464/EEC am moTxovnis 

saukeTeso implementacia zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa pirveli analizisaTvis wylis CarCo 

direqtivis farglebSi, radgan: 

droebiTi dadgenilebebi (cf.Art.22(2)-(6)), romelnic moiTxoven 76/464/EEC 

implementacias, warmoadgenen moTxovnis minimums da rbili gadasvla unda iyos 

uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>ili, radgan direqtivis moTxovnebi anulirebuli iqneba mxolod 2013 

wels. 

evropis samarTleblivi normebi, romlebic unda iyos daculi 

eqspertiza da codna wevr qveynebSi da kendidat qveynebSi (romlebic amJamad axdenen 

dabinZurebis Semcirebis programebis identificirebas, rogorc savaldebulis maTi 

CarTulobisaTvis). 

damatebiTi informacia 76/464/EEC Sesaxeb da wylis CarCo direqtivasTan dakavSirebiT 

xelmisawvdomia (ix. literatura). 

saWiro informacia da monacemebi: 

gamoyenebuli midgomis mixedviT, Semdegi informacia iqneba saWiro: 

sakuTari Tvisebebi (mag. fizikur-qimiuri Tvisebebi, persistentoba, (eko-toqsiuroba, 

bioakumulacia); 

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emisiis registrebi (mag. evropuli polutantebis emisiebis registri – European 

Pollutants Emission register – EPER) 5 , 76/464 direqtivis statia 11); 

marketinguli da gamoyenebuli monacemebi; 

arsebuli monitoringis monacemebi (2006 wlamde); 

Semowmebis, operacionaluri da gamosakvlevi monitoringis monacemebi (2006 wlis 

Semdeg); 

potenciuri wyaroebi da emisiis saxeebi; 

gardaqmnis (fate) da qcevis modelebi. 

mokle aRwera naxatebis CaTvliT 

danarTSi VIII CamoTvlili polutantebis generiuli jgufi moicavs individualuri 

nivTierebebis did raodenobas. wevri qveynebi Tavad adgenen “specifiuri polutantebis” 

sias maTi reklevantobis Sesabamisad. Tumca, specifiuri polutantebis identificirebis 

meTodologia direqtivaSi specifizebuli ar aris. 

aqedan gamomdinare, rekomendebulia, rom specifiuri polutantebis identifikacia wylis 

CarCo direqtivis egidiT SemdgomSi unda ganviTardes im midgomebidan, romlebic gamoiyeneba 

direqtiviT 76/464/EEC da prioritetebis dadgenis procedura unda SemuSavdes 

prioritetuli nivTierebebis SerCevisaTvis. 

cxadia, rom 33 (jgufi) prioritetuli nivTierebebisa 6 da I siis rva nivTiereba 7 76/464/EECdan 

ar aris Seyvanili wylis CarCo direqtivis danarTSi X zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa 

analizisaTvis, radgan isini qmnian “qimiutr statuss”. 

sxva specifiuri polutantebisaTvis, sawyisi wertili aris nivTierebebi identificirebuli 

rogorc II siis nivTierebebi 76/464/EEC me-7 statiaSi. damatebiT, kandidati polutantebis 

sia SeiZleba iyos SemuSavebuli, romelic iqneba amosavali wertili skriningisa da 

prioritetebis dadgenis procesisaTvis, rac moicavs ramodenime nabijs. 

da bolos, prioritetebis dadgenis procesma SemuSavebulma evropis doneze, e.w. <strong>COM</strong>MPS 8 

procesma, SesaZloa damatebiTi gamoyeneba hpovos specifiuri polutantebis saboloo 

seleqciaSi mdinaris auzis masStabiT. ufro metic, eqspert mrCevelTa forumis mier 

miRebuli gadawyvetileba prioritetul nivTierebebze, aseve SeiZleba gamosadegi iyos 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa analizisaTvis sxva specifiuri polutantebisaTvis. 

5 komisiis gadawyvetileba 2000/479/EC17 ivlisi 2000 (OJ L 192, gv. 36) 

6 gadawyvetileba 2455/2001/EC prioritetuli nivTierebebis siis dadgenaze (OJ L 331, 15 noemberi 2001, 

gv.1) 

7 I siis rva darCenili nivTierebaa: drinebi (aldrini, dieldrini, endrini da izodrini), 

tetraqloroeTileni (PER), triqloroeTileni (RTI), karbonis tetraqloridi, DDT. 

8 kombinirebuli modelze damyarebuli da monitoringze damyarebuli prioritetis dadgena 

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76/464/EEC direqtivis implementaciis gamocdilebis safuZvelze , wevrma qveynebma gamoiyenes 

sxvadasxvagvari midgomebi “II siis relevanturi nivTierebebis” identificirebisaTvis. 

saboloo jamSi, mokled rom vTqvaT, aris ori generiuli midgoma, romelic SeiZleba 

gamodges potenciurad relevanturi polutantebis identificirebisaTvis: 

• zemodan-qvemoT midgoma – es midgoma iwyebs “qimikatebis samyarodan” da emyareba 

yvela arsebul codnas nivTierebebis Sesaxeb im nivTierebebis skriningisaTvis, 

romlebic relevanturi arian mdinaris auzSi (raionSi); 

• qvemodan-zemoT midgoma – fokusirdeba im areebze, sadac arsebuli monitoringis 

monacemebi (biologiuri da qimiuri) aSkarad axdenen identificirebas, rom mizani 

ver miiRweva. amasTanave, specifiuri, mizanmimarTuli da droSi SezRuduli 

skriningis monitoringi SeiZleba ematebodes arsebul informacias. 

SemTxvevaTa umravlesobaSi wevri qveynebi iyeneben orive midgomas. 

literatura 

“wylis garemosaTvis prioritetuli saxifaTo nivTierebebis gansazRvris Seswavla” 

evrogaerTianebis <strong>of</strong>icialuri publikaciebis <strong>of</strong>isi, 1999 (ISBN 92-828-7981-X) 9 

evrokomisiis mier Semowmebuli kvlevis angariSi: sabWos 76/464/EEC direqtivis me-7 statiis 

programebis Sefaseba (noemberi 2001) 10 

Sejameba seminarisa “saSiSi nivTierebebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is direqtiva (76/464/EEC) – naswavli 

gakveTilebi da gadasvla wylis CarCo direqtivaze” 1-2 ivlisi 2002 briuseli 

(xelmisawvdomia moTxovnisas) 

evrokomisiis mimdinare kvlevis proeqti “sabWos 76/464/EEC direqtivis droebiTi debulebebi 

da direqtivebi wylis CarCo direqtivisaTvis 2000/60/EC” zemoT xsenebuli aspeqtebisaTvis 

specifiur Sedegebs gamoiRebs. ufro metic, eqspert mrCevelTa forumi prioritetuli 

nivTierebebis Sesaxeb Seqmnis ramodenime Sedegs, romlebic SeiZleba sasargeblo iyos sxva 

specifiuri polutantebis seleqciisaTvis. es angariSi da zemoT moyvanili informacia aris 

an iqneba misawvdomi DG garemos wylis veb-gverdze. www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment/water 

kontaqti damatebiTi informaciisaTvis 

Joachim D’Eugenio 

c/o European Commission 

Directorate-General Environment 

9 http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/water/water-dangersub/pri_substances.htm 

10 http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/water/water-dangersub/article7<strong>of</strong>directive77464eec.pdf 

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Unit B.1: Water, Marine and Soil 

Tel.+ 32-2-299.03.55 

E-mail: joachim.d’eugenio@cec.eu.int 


wylis xarisxTan dakavSirebuli gegmebi flandriaSi (belgia) 


wylis xarisxis statusi da cvlilebebi zedapirul wylebSi. 

zewolis tipi: 

wertilovani da difuzuri wyaroebi mcire meurneobebidan, industriidan da s<strong>of</strong>lis 

meurneobidan (agreTve WWTP-dan). 


wertilovani wyaro - mcire meurneobebi: mosaxleTa raodenoba X dabinZurebis 

faqtorze (PE). 

wertilovani wyaro - industria (mxolod msxvili kompaniebi): Camonarecxis nimuSebis 

Segrovebis Sedegebi. 

wertilovani wyaro - s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba: 

- mosaxleoba gaerTianebulia mcire meurneobebSi; 

- cxovelebi: aRwera (cxovelebis raodenoba X eqskreciis faqtorebi). 

wertilovani wyaro WWTP: Camonarecxis nimuSebis Segrovebis Sedegebi. 

difuzuri wyaro - mcire meurneobebi: mosaxleTa raodenoba X dabinZurebis faqtorze 

X Semcirebis faqtorze. 

difuzuri wyaro - s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba: SENTWA-modeli (sakvebi masalebis danakargis 

gaangariSeba). 

gadatanis Semcireba: GWQP-masis balansi; SIMCAT-modeli (WRc - wylis xarisxis 

modeli). 

wylis obieqtebis statusi: biologiuri (belgiuri bioticuri indeqsi, Belgian Biotic 

Index), fizikur - qimiuri (pratis indeqsi, Prati-index). 

saWiro informacia da monacemebi 

ZiriTadi informacia: wyalSemkrebi auzebis areebis ruka, PE-eqvivalenti, EQS, 

ZiriTadi damabinZurebeli industriuli obieqtebis CamonaTvali. 

sxvadasxva: mosaxleTa raodenoba, industriuli da WWTP -is Camonarecxebi, Sinauri 

cxovelebis aRwera, biologiuri narCenebis transporti, mimdinare da dagegmili 

sanitaruli proeqtebis aRwera, wylis xarisxis amsaxavi monacemebi, wylis dineba, 

WWTP -is gadatanis da gawmendis normebi, WWTP -is naleqis warmoqmna da gawmenda, 

daSvebuli industriuli datvirTvebi, sanitaruli proeqtebis xarjTaRricxva. 

mokle aRweriloba naxatebis CaTvliT 

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ZiriTadi mamoZravebeli Zalebis garda midgomis arss warmoadgens DPSIR-CarCos 

gamoyeneba wylis xarisxis uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>isTvis. wyalSemkrebi auzebis doneze 

ganxorcielda zewolebis (Camonarecxi da Semavali nakadebi) da wylis obieqtebSi 

wylis xarisxze maTi gavlenis Sefaseba mcire meurneobebis, industriis, s<strong>of</strong>lis 

meurneobis da WWTP -is wertilovani da difuzuri dabinZurebis wyaroebis 

arsebobis gaTvaliswinebiT. aRwerili iqna wylis obieqtebSi wylis xarisxis 

mimdinare statusi da evoluciis procesi ukanaskneli aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi. 

zewolis (Camonarecxi da Semavali nakadebi) da statusis doneze rigi fizikuri da 

qimiuri damabinZurebeli faqtorebis (Q, BOD, COD, N, P, SM, O 2 da a.S.) (da zog 

SemTxvevaSi agreTve mZime metalebis) arseboba daeqvemdebara Setyobinebas da 

arsebuli datvirTvebis gaangariSebas. CamoTvlilTagan 3 parametrisTvis (COD, 

azoti, fosfori) dabinZurebis gadatanis gaangariSebas Sedegad mohyva ‘gadatanis 

balansebis’ Camoyalibeba. aRniSnuli SesaZlebels xdis (Camonarecxi da Semavali 

nakadebis doneze) gadatanis Semcirebis gaangariSebas garemos dacvis standartebTan 

(EQS) SesabamisobaSi mosayvanad (ix. naxati). 

aRweril iqna strategiis gatarebis instrumentebi, rasac Sedegad mohyva mTeli rigi 

sazomebis SemuSaveba, romelTa gamoyenebac SesaZlebelia dagegmarebisa da 

xarjTaRricxvis analizisTvis (ix. naxati). ganxorcielda dagegmarebis analizis 

pirveli mcdeloba da gegmebis gansazRvra mcire meurneobebisTvis, industriisaTvis 

da s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneobisTvis. aRniSnuli miznis misaRwevad sazomebi aucileblad unda 

iqnan gansazRvrulni raodenobrivad. mocemuli amocanis Sedegebi gamoavlenen, 

ramdenadaa wardgenili sazomebi sakmarisi momavalSi EQS -is misaRwevad. 

gamosavali Caeyara safuZvlad 2 tipis angariSis Seqmnas. Semajamebeli angariSi, 

romelSic xazgasmulia gadatanis balansebi (da kerZod gadatanis Semcireba) da 

gavrcobili mecnierul-teqnikuri dokumenti, romelSic moyvanilia wylis xarisxTan 

dakavSirebuli yvela aspeqtis aRweriloba. aRniSnuli mecnierul-teqnikuri 

dokumenti Seicavs instruqcias, romelSic aRwerilia CarCo da yvela gamoyenebuli 

wyaro da meTodi, da agreTve yvela ZiriTadi informaciis, Sedegebis da daskvnebis 

amsaxvel angariSs. danarTSi damatebulia cxrilebisa da naxatebis CamonaTvali. 

aRwerili meTodi aris/iqneba gamoyenebuli daaxloebiT 260 nakaduri wyalSemkrebi 

auzisTvis (hidrografiuli zonebisTvis) flandriis 11 regionaluri mdinaris 

wyalSemkrebi auzis farglebSi. 34 cxrilSi moyvanili monacemebi warmoadgenen 

yovlismomcvel informacias narCeni wylebis nimuSebis Segrovebis/monitorinis da 

wylis xarisxis, gadatanebisa da gadatanis Semcirebis Sesaxeb, agreTve wyalSemkrebi 

auzebis, WWTP -is infrastruqturis funqcionirebis aRwerilobas da wylis 

moxmarebas da a. S. samizne jgufebTan kavSirSi. 

mniSvnelovania da Rirebuli kerZod Semdegi: 

• wylis xarisxis yvela aspeqtTan dakavSirebuli CarCo (ix. naxati blok-sqemis 

saxiT). mocemuli CarCo dinamiuria, radgan iZleva gafarToebis saSualebas axali 

Temebis CarTvis xarjze, mag. xarjT-efeqturobis analizi; 

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• zewolis indikatorebis (Sefardebebis) gamoyeneba, rac iZleva Sedegebis 

Sedarebis saSualebas - erTis mxriv - dabinZurebis wyaroebidan Camonarecxi, 

Semavali nakadebis doneze da sanitaruli RonisZiebebis dasrulebis Semdeg, da - 

meores mxriv - dabinZurebis wyaroebs Soris (mcire meurneobebi, mrewveloba, 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneeoba) dafaruli zedapiris sididis miuxedavad; 

• informaciis xelmisawvdomoba wyalSemkrebi auzis doneze, raTa iqnas dajamebuli 

nebismier ufro maral hidrografiul doneze (mag. mdinaris auzis doneze); 

• gadatanis Semcirebis gaangariSeba (ix. suraTi: Semavali nakadis Semcireba), 

romelic testirebulia sxvasxva EQS -sTan SesabamisobaSi. hidrografiuli 

zonebi SesaZloa iqnan dajgufebuli Semcirebis prioritetebis mixedviT, 

romelnic testirebulia COD, N da P- ze sxvadasxva kanonqvemdebare an 

ekologiuri EQS -is mixedviT. magaliTi: testirebuli P -is 0.3 mg/l EQS -is 

mixedviT, gadatanis Semcireba mdinare netes auzSi unda aRwevdes 85% -s an 1.924 

kg/d -s; mcire meurneobebis wvlili aqedan Seadgens daaxlovebiT 25% -s an 481 

kg/d -s; Semcireba specifiurad maRalia (>75% -ze) 10 hidrografiul zonaSi. 

abreviaturebi: COD: Jangbadis qimiuri moTxovnileba, EQS: garemos dacvis xarisxis 

standarti, GWQP: wylis xarisxis (generaluri) gegma, N: azoti, P: fosfori, PE: 

mosaxleobis eqvivalenti, WWTP: narCeni wylebis gamwmendi sadguri. 

naxati 

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maCveneblebi. scenaris analizi. gamoy<strong>of</strong>a (emisia). Cadineba (imisia). saSinao meurneoba. 

industria. difuzuri. sanitaruli infrastruqtura. begara. fasebi. wylis dineba. wylis 

sveti. wylis baliSi. Sewonili myari nawilakebi. biota. biologiuri. fizikur-qimiuri. 

baqteriologiuri. zegavlenis Sefaseba. standartuli Casvla. gazomili Casvla. Casvlis 

Semcireba. zedapiruli wylis xarisxis statusi. gamoy<strong>of</strong>is (emisiis) Semcireba. Cadinebis 

(emisiis) Semcireba. 

literatura 

VMM, 2001 General Water Quality Plan Nete - wylis xarisxis generaluri gegma. nete. 61 gv. 

(Semajamebeli aRwera inglisur enaze) /VMM, 2000. Plan General de la qualite de l’eau de l’Yser. 66 gv 

(Semajamebeli aRwera frangul enaze)/(ufro detaluri versiebi GMQP aris CD-romze 

mxolod holandiur enaze). 

wylia xarisxis gegmebi flandriaSi (belgia) – midgoma da gamocdileba. Note. 25gv. (aris 

CIRCA_ze) 

kontaqti Semdgomi informaciisaTvis 

Rudy VANNEVEL 

Vlaamse Milieumaatscappij (VMM)/Flemish Environment Agency, 

A.Van De Maelestraat 96, 

B-9320 EREMBODEGEM,BELGIUM 

Tel ++ 32 53 726 626/Fax ++ 32 53 726 630/ E-mail r.vaannevel@vmm.be 


wylis integrirebuli emisiebis reestri (ECT-water) (safrangeTi) 


polutantebis gazrdili gadatana, daWaobeba (eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacia) 

zewolis tipi: 

organuli nivTierebebis - fosforis da azotis wertilovani da difuzuri wyaroebi 

sacxovrebeli saxlebidan, industriasa da miwaTmoqmedebidan. 


emisiebis kalkulaciisaTvis ukve arsebuli nacionaluri da saerTaSoriso statistikuri 

wyaroebis gamoyeneba da organizeba. 


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NB: yvela monacemi SeiZleba ganxiluli iyos regionisa da drois gaTvaliswibeniT da 

morgebuli iyos nebismieri aqtualori wyaros an wyaros tipze (wertilovani/difuzuri) 

wertilovani wyaro – sacxovrebeli saxlebi: mosaxleebis ricxvi X damabinZurebel 

faqtorze (PE) 

wertilovani wyaros WWTP: gamoy<strong>of</strong>is nimuSebis Sefasebis Sedegebi. 

wertilovani wyaro – industria ((mxolod kompaniebi >400 fiskalur PE) : damabinZurebeli 

faqtorebiT datvirTva da gamoy<strong>of</strong>is nimuSebis Sedegebi. 

wertilovani wyaro – miwaTmoqmedeba (s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba): cxovelebi: reestrebi (cxovelebis 

raodenoba X eqskreciis faqtorebze), yovel saxeobaze, regionze. 

difuzuri wyaro -sacxovrebeli saxlebi: mosaxleT raodenoba X dabinZurebis faqtorze X 

reduqciis faqtorze, SeuRwevadi urbanuli teritoriebi. 

difuzuri wyaro – industria: SeuRwevadi industriuli teritoriebi. 

difuzuri wyaro – s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba: sasuqebis gamoyeneba; sakvebi nivTierebebis danakargis 

kalkulaciis modeli. 


meTodologia 

naxati 1: sabaziso moduli 

sawyisi komponenti/produqcia 

modulis sakani 

gawmenda 

transferi 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 

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119 



naxati 2: modulebis erTi SesaZlo kombinacia 

stadia 1 stadia 1 



kalkulaciis sistematizaciisaTvis yvela emisia iTvleba rogorc elementaruli modulebis 

qseli (nax.1) 

moduli iRebs an gamoimuSavebs dabinZurebis garkveul odenobas, mis nawils wmindavs, 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>s meore nawils da gadaaqvs darCenili raodenoba modulis nakadSi (nax.2) 

es sqematizeba saSualebas iZleva nebismieri tipis agregaciis da sabolo Sedegebis 

prezentaciisa (mag: industriuli Camdinare wylebis gawmenda say<strong>of</strong>acxovrebo gamwmend 

danadgarebSi). 

sainformacio sistemis organizaciis mixedviT, yovel qveyanas aqvs Tavisi sakuTari 

procedurebi, sxvadasxva monacenmebi da informacia. es SeiZleba aseve iyos nacionalur da 

regionalur doneebzec. am siZneleebis gadasalaxad, meTodologia romelic SemuSavebulia 

safrangeTSi Lorie Bretagne Basin mier, gvTavazobs arsebuli yvelaze detalizebuli, 

savaraudod saukeTeso monacemebis gamoyenebas, xolo iq, sadac monacemebi ar arsebobs 

koeficientebis gamoyenebas. amis mTavari upiratesoba mdgomareobs arsebuli sainformacio 

sistemis mkafio mimoxilvis qonaSi. aRwera SeiZleba dasruldes da gaumjobesebuli iqnas 

rodesac monacemebi gaCndeba an am monacemebis xarisxi gaumjobesdeba, magram igi iZleva 

informacias maSinac ki Tu monacemebi daumuSavebelia da ar aris warmodgenili Sesaferisi 

formiT. 

es, rasakvirvelia, saWiroebs eqspertTa Sefasebas da aseve kalkulaciis safexurebis 

mkafio warmodgenas. miuxedavad amisa, is iZleva sSualebas sxvadasxva organizaciebidan 

momavali informaciis da monacemebis gamoyenebisa. es - saukeTeso arsebuli informaciisa 

da arsebuli monacemebis gamoyeneba - aris aseve ekonomikurad saimedo. 

meTodologiis meore ZiriTadi idea aris is, rom emisiis gansxvavebuli tipebi SeiZleba 

aRwerili iyos erTi da imave konceptualuri modeliT. emisiis nebismieri procesi 

gaanalizdeba rogorc modulebis an safexurebis kombinacia, da amiT iqmneba saSualeba 

martivi monacemebis damuSavebis da mravalmiznobrivi reportirebisa. 

gamoyeneba 

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am meTodologiis gamoyenebiT proeqti gamoyenebuli iqna e.w. “lorie-bretanis wylis 

saagentos” - “Lorie-Bretagne Water Agency” –saTvis, romlis geografiuli erTeuli, drois 

erTeuli, wyaroebi da nivTierebebi Semdegia. 

teritoria, romelsac moicavs “lorie-bretanis wylis saagento” gadaWimulia 156,217 km². 

wyalSemkrebi teritoriis TvalsazrisiT igi day<strong>of</strong>ilia 16 wyalSemkreb auzad: 12 mdinare 

loriesaTvis, 3 bretanisaTvis da 1 vendesaTvis. 

administraciuli TvalsazrisiT igi moicavs 10 regions (NUTS2) da 31 departaments (NUTS3), 

romlebic mxolod nawilobriv arian CarTulebi wylis saagentos teritoriaSi. 7281 

municipaluri erTeuli mTlianad aris CarTuli zemoxsenebul teritoriaSi da monacemebi 

gaTvaliswinebulia am TvalsazrisiT. 

s<strong>of</strong>lis meurneoba aris erT-erTi mTavari aqtivoba: safrangeTis mecxoveleobis obieqtebis 

2/3 aris ganlagebuli am teritoriaze, iseve rogorc 2/3 sayasbo da xorcis gadamuSavebis 

aqtivobebisa. rZis da rZis produqtebis nacionaluri warmoebis naxevari aseve modis am 

teritoriidan. 

wyalTan dakavSirebuli gazomvebi safrangeTSi emyareba maqsimaluri aqtivobis TveSi 

saSualo maCvenebels da mocemulia erTeulSi tona/dReSi. miuxedavad amisa, zogierTi 

statistikuri monacemi qveyndeba mxolod wliurad, kalendaruli weliwadis safuZvelze da 

monacemebi ganixileba am doneze. 

meTodilogias gaaCnia ambicia unikaluri sistemis Seqmnisa yvela wyaros gadafarviT. am 

miznisaTvis Ifen-ma gadawyvita Seagrovos monacemebi im emisiebze, romlebic Sida wylebs 

swrafad aRwevs. identificirebuli wyaroebi iyo sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo, industriuli da 

say<strong>of</strong>acxovrebo. 

sami nivTiereba, romelic Seswavlil iqna aris organuli nivTierebebi, da sakvebi 

nivTierebebi (sasuqi) Ffosfori da azoti. gamoyenebul masalas aqvs sxvadasxva wyaroebi, 

ZiriTadi kriteriumi aris potenciuri arseboba mTeli qveynis teritoriaze imave 

organizaciiT. 

meTodologiis mTavari interesia yvela ZiriTadi wyaros gaTvaliswineba da amasTan 

dakavSirebuli yvela arsebuli monacemi. igi axdens mTeli arsebuli monacemebis 

integrirebas da imis Sefasebas, Tu ra wvlili Seaqvs ToToeul wyaros saerTo 

dabinZurebaSi. advili aris erTi hipoTezis an monacemTa nakrebis Secvla meoreTi da 

Sedegebis xelaxali daTvla. garda amisa unda aRiniSnos, rom yvela hipoTeza da 

kalkulacia aris transparentuli da SeiZleba adaptirebuli iyos specifiuri 

kondiciisadmi an kalculaciis erTi specifiuri modelisadmi. 

zogierTi Sedegi 

naxatebze 3 da 4 asaxulia Sedegebi administraciul doneze, anu “departamentebSi” 

(vardisferi xazebi da TiTo grafiki TiToeulisaTvis). am regionebis 

administratorebisaTvis mniSvnelovania imis codna, Tu rogoria emisiebis proporcia an 

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daumuSavebeli dabinZureba wyaroebs Soris, ra aris TiToeuli nivTierebis ZiriTadi 

wyaro. am magaliTSi organuli nivTierebebis mTavari wyaro aris say<strong>of</strong>acxovrebo. 

Sefasebuli raodenobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, didi sxvaobaa daumuSavebel da globalur 

dabinZurebas Soris: polutantis gadatanis procesSi misi wyarodan wylis im obieqtamde 

sadac igi sabolood gamoiy<strong>of</strong>a, mravali procesi mimdinareobs. midgomis moqniloba iZleva 

saSualebas Sedegebis gamoyenebisa sxvadasxva adminstraciul doneze, rogoricaa regioni an 

“departamenti”. es aseve SesaZlebelia hidrografiul doneze: lorie- bretanis wylis 

saagentos 16 wyalSemkrebi auzi. 

da bolos, aseve SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva wyaroebis agregacia an fokusireba mxolod erT 

wyaroze da misi Sedareba zonebs Soris, wylebSi gamoy<strong>of</strong>ili raodenobebis TvalsazrisiT. 

am modelis erTaderTi SezRudva aris monacemTa originaluri masStabebi: Tu origilaluri 

monacemebi arsebobs regionebis doneze, ar aris SesaZlebloba Sedegebis reprezentaciisa 

ufro mcire geogrefiul masStabze, rogoricaa “komunis” done. aqedan gamomdinare, Zlier 

mniSvnelovania disagregirebuli (gancalkevebuli) monacemebis gamoyeneba raTa maqsimaluri 

moqniloba iqnas miRweuli. 

naxati 3: organuli daumuSavebeli masalebiT dabinZurebis proporciuli ganawileba 

departamentebs Soris (BOD5 erTeulia kg/dReSi) 


arawertilovani urbanuli 

arawertilovani industriuli 

mosaxleobis dabali simWidrove 

say<strong>of</strong>acxovrebo 

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122 



aqtiuri industriuli adgilebi 

100 000 

50 000 10 000 

naxati 4. organuli masalebiT globaluri dabinZurebis proporciuli ganawileba 

departamentebs Soris (BOD5 erTeulia kg/dReSi) 


arawertilovani urbanuli 

arawertilovani industriuli 

mosaxleobis dabali simWidrove 

say<strong>of</strong>acxovrebo 

aqtiuri industriuli adgilebi 

50 000 

25 000 

5 000 

literatura. 

Fribourg-Blanc B. 2002 EUROWATERNET –emisiebi. wyalSi emisiebis evropuli reestri: 

SeTavazebuli operirebis meTodologia, drafti 4, winaswari, medmenhami, Sida wylebis 

evropuli topikuri centri, gv. 65. inglisis detaluri Sedegebi aris CD-romze (frangulad). 

mimarTeT filip kruzes. 

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123 




Philippe Crouzet 

Institut Francais de l’Environnement 

61,boulevard Alexandre Martin 

Fn 45058 Orleans Cedex1 France 

Tel: ++ 33 238 79 78 78/ Fax ++ 33 238 79 78 70/ E-mail: philippe.crouzet@ifen.fr 

dasaxeleba 

No:4 

wylis gamoyenebis sistemis kartografiuli modeli 

zewolis tipi: wylis abstraqcia 

analizis tipi an meTodi: wylis balansis aRweris meTodebi (“xarjvisa da wylis 

menejmentis indeqsebi”) 

saWiro informacia da monacemebi: wylis bunebrivi resursebis, wylis moTxovnilebis 

(urbanuli, industriuli, sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo), wylis gamtknarebis procesebis damatebiTi 

wylis da auzisSida wylis transferebis rukebi. 

mokle aRwera naxatebis CaTvliT. 

am praqtikis mizania moaxdinos Sefaseba sivrceSi ganawilebis zewolis gavlenisa wylis 

moTxovilebasa da wylis resursebze. 

gavrcobili modeli Tvlis wylis ukmarisobis risks wylis bunebrivi resursebis da wylis 

moTxovnilebebis informaciis safuZvelze. naxati 1 gviCvenebs modelis mier 

ganxorcielebul proceduras TiToeuli seqtorisaTvis. modelSi gamoyenebuli 

koordinatebis badis seqtoris farTi aris 1 km², rac mTlianad espaneTisaTvis iZleva 

500 000 seqtors. 

arsebuli potenciuri wylis resursebi (zedapiruli da miwisqveSa wylebi) ganisazRvreba 

bunebrivi wyaroebidan (ganaxlebadi resursebi generirebuli espaneTSi), romlebic arian 

wylis bunebrivi resursebis nawili, rac warmoadgens potenciurad totalur arsebul 

wyals. 

gansxvaveba totalur wylis resursebsa da potenciur wylis resursebs Soris gamoxatavs 

garemos saWiroebebs. es resursebi ver uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>en sistemis produqtiulobis miznebs. 

mxolod wylis resursebis danarCeni nawili (wylis potenciuri resursebi) SeiZleba iyos 

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gamoyenebuli sistemaSi da, Sesabamisad, mxolod isini arian CarTulni wylis balansSi 

(wylis resursebsa da moTxovnilebebs Soris). 

damatebiTi wyali gamtknarebis procesidan (naxati 2) unda daematos wylis potenciur 

resursebs. 

meore gasaTvaliswinebeli faqtoria aris Tu ara amJamad wylis transferebi moqmedebaSi. 

wylis es transferebi ar zrdian wylis potenciur resursebs nacionalur doneze, magram 

isini cvlian maT gavrcelebas (ganawilebas) (naxati 3). 

totaluri moTxovnileba (wylis abstraqcia) aris jami urbanuli, industriuli da s<strong>of</strong>lis 

meurneobis moTxovnilebebisa. MmxedvelobaSi unda iyos miRebuli wylis brunva, rodesac 

wyali ubrundeba ukan bunebriv wylis sistemas da SeiZleba moxmarebuli iyos auzSi 

dinebis mimarTulebiT ufro qveviT. am mizezis gamo saWiroa gancalkevebuli iqnas wylis 

gamoyenebis konsumpciuri (moxmarebadi) da arakonsumpciuri (aramoxmarebadi) fraqciebi. am 

gziT konsumpciuri da arakonsumpciuri wylis moTxovnileba wylis TiToeuli 

gamoyenebisaTvis SeiZleba iyos daTvlili. am ori fraqciis jami qmnis totalur 

moTxovnilebas (naxati 4). 

koordinatTa badis TiToeuli seqtorisaTvis wylis balansi gamoiangariSeba wylis 

potenciur resursebsa da totalur konsumpciur wylis moTxovnilebas Soris. es balansi 

saSualebas iZleva wylis deficitis sivrceSi ganawilebis da wylis siWarbis rukebis 

Sedgenisa (naxati 5 da naxati 6). es rukebi mxolod sailustracio xasiaTisaa, radgan 

warmoadgenen problemisadmi mxolod pirvel midgomas. rogorc cnobilia, wylis moxmareba 

ar xdeba calkeul seqtorSi izolirebulad. 

aqedan gamomdinare, sivrciTi agregacia, rac damyarebulia wylis menejmentis erTeulebze, 

romlebic gamoy<strong>of</strong>ilia auzis wylis gegmebSi, saWiroa. es saSualebas iZleva, rom wylis 

deficiti da wylis siWarbe identificirebuli iqnas menejmentis sxvadasxva erTeulebSi, 

romlebsac moicavs TiToeuli auzi (naxati 7 da naxati 8). TiToeuli auzis koordinatTa 

badis yvela seqciis agregacia asaxavs totalur balanss am auzSi (naxati 9 da naxati 10). 

zemoT aRwerili procesebi uSvebs, rom sistemaSi generirebuli yvela potenciuri wylis 

resursi da SesaZlo damatebiTi wyali gamtknarebis da/an wylis transferebis Sedegad, 

srulad gamoiyeneba sistemaSi. 

wina mtkiceba aseve uSvebs imas, rom yvela wylis resursebis gamoyenebisaTvis aucilebeli 

infrastruqtura arsebobs da rom wyali TiToeuli gamoyenebisaTvis saWiro xarisxisaa. 

Sesabamisad, wyliT momaragebis limitireba ganpirobebuli SeiZleba iyos mxolod arsebuli 

wylis resursebis limitaciiT. 

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iTvleba, rom sistema deficituria, Tu igi ver akmay<strong>of</strong>ilebs konsumpciuri moxmarebis 

moTxovnilebas miuxedavad imisa, rom mas aqvs saWiro infrastruqtura da wylis 

moTxovnili xarisxi. meores mxriv, siWarbis mqone sistema ar niSnavs, rom mas ara aqvs 

wyliT momaragebis problemebi. es SeiZleba xdebodes Tu aucilebeli infrastruqtura ar 

aris saTanado an ar aris miRweuli wylis moTxovnili xarisxi. 

konsumpciuri moTxovnilebebisaTvis saWiro wylis dabalansebisaTvis, iTvleba, rom 

SesaZleblobis maqsimumi aris wylis xelaxali gamoyeneba sistemaSi. 

es deficiti da siWarbe sxvadasxva donisaa da aseve damokidebulia sistemebis zomaze. 

wylis menejmentis indeqsisa da wylis konsumfciis indeqsis mkafio ilustrirebisaTvis 

(Introduction a l’economie generale de leau Ehrard-Cassegrain and Margat, 1983), gamoiyeneboda wylis kargvis 

riskis rukebi (naxati 11 da naxati 12). 

wylis menejmentis indeqsi aris Sedegi wylis totaluri moTxovnilebis da potenciuri 

wylis resursebis gancalkevebisa. unda aRiniSnos, rom wylis menejmentis indeqsi “1”-Tan 

miaxloebuli an misi toli, SeiZleba zogierT SemTxvevaSi ar niSnavdes wylis kargvas. es 

imitom xdeba, rom wylis abstraqcia ar aris koncentrirebuli specifiur adgilze, wylis 

nawili SesaZloa dinebis mimarTulebiT auzis qveda nawilebs daubrundes. 

wylis konsumpciis indeqsi miiReba konsumpciuri moTxovnilebis da wylis potenciuri 

resursebis gancalkevebiT. Tanafardoba aseve SeiZleba kargvis riskis indikatorad 

gamodges. 0,5-ze meti maCvenebeli SesaZloa niSnavdes “SesaZlebel” (aramudmiv) kargvas, 

meores mxriv Tu maCvenebeli 1-s uaxlovdeba, es SeiZleba niSnavdes, rom kargva aris 

“struqturuli”. wylis konsumfciis indeqsis dabali maCvenebeli niSnavs, rom wylis 

resursebi Zalian mcired gamoiyeneba. 

deficituri sistemisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia struqturuli tipis wylis kargva. aseT 

sistemaSi wylis potenciuri resursi sistematurad ufro dabalia, vidre wylis 

konsumfciis done, romlis miRwevasac igi cdilobs. 

aris rigi sistemebisa romlebsac aqvT wylis siWarbe, magram aseve wylis SesaZlebeli 

(aramudmivi) kargvis riski. amis mizezia is, rom maTi wylis konsumfciis doneebi SedarebiT 

daaxlovebulia wylis potenciur resursebTan. aseT sistemebSi ramodenime Tanmimdevrulma 

mSralma weliwadma SeiZleba Seqmnas wyliT momaragebis problemebi am wlebSi wylis 

resursebis naklebobis gamo. 

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naxati 

sivrceSi agregacia 

RNA bunebrivi resursebi 

DUR urbanuli moTxovnileba 

DIN industriuli moTxovnileba 

DAG sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo moTxovnileba 

RAM garemos saWiroebebi 

RPT potenciuri resursebi 

RDS gamtknarebuli (desalinirebuli) wyali 

RTV gadatanili (transferuli) wyali 

DCO konsumfciuri moTxovnil;eba 

DNC arakonsumfciuri moTxovnileba 

DTO totaluri moTxovnileba 

BAL balansi 

DEF deficiti 

SUP siWarbe 

ICO konsumfciis indeqsi 

IEX menejmentis indeqsi 

RES kargvis riski 

(A)damatebuli 

naxati 1. wylis bunebrivi resursebi (mm/w) 

naxati 2. gamtknarebuli wyali (mm³/w) 

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naxati 3. transferuli wyali (mm³/w) 

naxati. 4 totaluri moTxovnilba (mm/w) 

naxati 5. deficitis sivrceSi ganawileba (mm/w) 

naxati 6. siWarbis sivrceSi ganawileba (mm/w) 

naxati 7. deficitis agregacia wylis menejmentis erTeulebSi (mm³/w) 

naxati 8. siWarbis agregacia wylis menejmentis erTeulebSi (mm³/w) 

naxati 9. deficitis agregacia auzebSi (mm³/w) 

naxati 10. siWarbis agregacia auzebSi (mm³/w) 

naxati 11. wylis kargvis riski wylis menejmentis erTeulebSi 

naxati 12. wylis kargvis riski auzebSi 

literatura 

MIMAM (2000), Libro Blanco des Agua an Espana (garemos saministro (2000), espaneTis wylis TeTri 

wigni) ena: espanuri 


Alejandra Piung. Ministerie de Medio Ambiente 

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Tel: +34915975695 Fax: +3495975947 e-mail: apuig@sgtcca.mma.es 

Joaquin Rodriguez. CEDEX- Ministerio de Fomento 

Tel: +34913357972 Fax: +34913357922. e-mail: joaquin.rodriguez@cedex.es 

dasaxeleba 

No:5 

difuzuri dabinZurebis SemTxvevis Seswavla: mdinare guadianas wyalSemkrebi auzi 

(portugalia) 

zegavlenis tipi: sakvebi nivTierebebis gazrdili gadatana, ramac SeiZleba gamoiwvios 

eutr<strong>of</strong>ikaciuli (daWaobebis) problemebi 

zewolis tipi: fosforis da azotis difuzuri wyaroebi miwis gamoyenebis Sedegad 

analizis tipi an meTodi: martivi meTodologia SemuSavebuli iqna koordinatebis badeze 

dafuZnebuli wylis raodebnobisa da xarisxis modelze, saSualo wliuri 

maCveneblebisaTvis. Ggeografiuli sainformacio sistema (GIS) mniSvnelovani meTodia, 

romelic saSualebas iZleva wyalSemkrebi auzis sivrcobrivi variabelobis daxasiaTebisa 

sivrciTi analizis meTodis gamoyenebiT. 

saWiro informacia da monacemebi: wyalSemkrebi auzis fizikuri maxasiaTeblebi, miwis 

gamoyeneba da topografia, hidrologiuri maxasiaTeblebi, precipitacia/zedapiruli 

Cadineba, sakvebi nivTierebebis gamovlenis maCveneblebiT. 


meTodologia 

pirveli nabiji aris saSualo wliuri zedapiruli Cadinebis koordinatTa bade gavrcobili 

hidrologiuri modelis safuZvelze. am samuSaoSi gamoyenebuli meTodologia aRwerilia 

GOMES-Si (1997), romelic damyarebulia temzis agregaciul modelze, romelic seqtorseqtor 

dainerga A.M.L. ena Arc/Info-Grid. am modelis formulebi, romlebic marTaven 

evapotranspiracias (jamur aorTqlebas), wylis Sekavebas niadagSi, infiltraciis da 

Cadinebis procesebs, gamoyenebuli iqna TiToeuli seqtorisaTvis. es modeli iyenebs 

precipitacias (mm) da potenciur evapotranspiracias (mm) rogorc Sesayvan cvlads, da aqvs 

sami parametri. dinebis parametri, niadagSi wylis maqsimaluri Sekaveba (mm) da maqsimaluri 

infiltraciis xarisxi (mm). 

zedapiruli Cadineba (mm/weliwadSi) = f (precipitacia, evapotranspiracia, parametrebi) 

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polutantis gadatana saWiroebs dadgenas calkeul seqtorSi raTa moxdes mdinaris 

sistemaSi polutantis gadatanis gamoTvla. wyalSemkrebi auzis maxasiaTeblebis, kerZod 

miwis gamoyenebisa da geologiis, gavrcobili rukebis kombinacia eqsportirebis 

koeficientTan, iZleva saSualebas wylis dinebis zolamde miRweuli sakvebi nivTierebebis 

Semadgenlobis gansazRvrisa (cxrili 1). 

cxrili 1. fosforis Ep da azotis EN eqsportis maCveneblebi (mg m-² weliwadSi-¹) (Jorgensen 

1980) 

miwis gamoyeneba Ep EN 

geologiuri klasifikacia geologiuri klasifikacia 

vulkanuri danaleqi vulkanuri danaleqi 

tye 

farglebi 0.7-9.0 7.0-18.0 130-300 150-500 

saSualo 4.7 11.7 200 340 

tye+saZovari 

farglebi 6.0-16.0 11.0-37.0 200-600 300-800 

saSualo 10.2 23.3 400 600 

sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo adgilebi 

citrusi 18.0 2240 

saZovari 15.0-75.0 100-850 

saxnav-saTesi miwa 22.0-100.0 500-1200 

nutrientebis (sakvebi nivTierebebis) koeficientebis dakavSireba miwis gamoyenebis 

poligonur zonasTan konvertirdeba koordinatTa badeSi seqtorebis imave zomiT, rogorc 

zedapiruli Cadinebis rukaSi: es iqneba gadatanis ruka. GIS sivrciTi meTodebis gamoyeneba 

saSualebas iZleva gavrcobili zedapiruli Cadinebis rukis da wyalSemkrebi auzis 

teritoriis digitaluri modelis (DTM) integraciisa, dinebis zolebSi akumulirebuli 

nakadis misaRebad. igive Sesworeba aris Setanili fosforis gatanis rukaSi. Sedegad 

miiReba dinebis nakadebSi fosforis wliuri koncentracia. 

koncentracia (mg/l)= gadatana(mg/weliwadSi)/ nakadi (dm³/weliwadSi) 

koncentraciis maCveneblebis gamoTvlis Semdeg SesaZlebelia maTi Sedareba nutrientebis 

monacemebTan, rac izomeba wylis xarisxis nimuSebis Seswavlis sadgurebSi, am 

meTodologiis validaciisaTvis. miuxedavad amisa, TiToeul sadgurSi gazomili 

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nutrientebi asaxaven totalur dabinZurebas dinebis nakadebSi, rogorc wertilovans iseve 

arawertilovans. 

gamoyeneba 

meTodologia gamoyenebuli iyo mdinare guadianaze da mxolod fosforisaTvis, radgan igi 

aris SemzRucavi faqtori romelic gansazRvravs eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacias. am mdinaris auzi 

internacionaluria da moicavs 66 860 km² da saTaveebi aqvs espaneTSi; am teritoriis mxolod 

11 600 km² aris Cveni nacionaluri auzi. 

am mdinares aqvs mniSvnelovani roli samxreT portugaliaSi, sadac problemas warmoadgens 

gvalva. sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo aqtivobas da saZovrebze arsebul cxovelebs Zlieri zegavlena 

aqvT am auzze, rogorc arawertilovani dabinZurebis wyaroebs, rac iwvevs nutrientebis 

didi raodenobiT eqsportirebas (gadasvlas) wyalsa da niadagSi. 

naxati 1- meTodologiis gamoyeneba mdinare guadianaze (portugaliuri auzi) 

wylis raodenoba 

hidrologiuri modeli 

gavrcobili zedapiruli Cadineba 

precipitacia 

potenciuri evapotranspiracia 

wylis xarisxi 

miwis gadafarva eqsporti+fosforis koeficienti 

fosforis gadatanis ruka 

MDT 

nakadis akumulacia 

fosforis akumulacia 

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fosforis koncentracia dinebis nakadebSi 

Sedegebi 

Cadinebis rukis modelirebisaTvis aucilebelia naleqebis gadanawilebis da potenciuri 

jamuri aorTqlebis rukebis qona. Cadinebis gaadanwilebis rukebis da fosforiT 

datvirTvis gamoTvlis Semdeg (nax. 2) aucilebelia es ori cvladi gavaerTianoT dinebis 

xazebSi. jamuri dineba da fosforiT jamuri datvirTva dinebis xazebSi gamoiTvleba 

dinebaTa mimarTulebebis rukis mixedviT, adgilis cifruli modelis DTM Sesabamisad, 

romelic gviCvenebs mimarTulebas TiToeul ubanSi, rasac Cadineba gaivlis dinebis xazis 

miRwevis procesSi. koncentraciis sidideebi gamoiTvleba fosforis mg/litrebSi 

datvirTvis sidideebis gay<strong>of</strong>iT dinebis sidideebze. 

naxati 2-zegavlenis gavrcobili rukebi fosforis koncentraciis dasaTvlelad 

gavrcobili zedapiruli Cadineba mdinare guadianas auzSi 

gavrcobili fosforis gadatana mdinare guadianas auzSi 

wliuri zedapiruli Cadineba 

fosforis gadatana 

fosforis mosalodneli maCveneblebisa da gamovlenili maCveneblebis Sedareba keTdeboda 

wylis nimuSebis xarisxis Semowmebis sadgurebSi mdinareebze (naxati 3). es naxati aseve 

asaxavs dabinZurebas mTavari industriuli da say<strong>of</strong>acxovrebo wertilovani wyaroebidan. 

isini gafantulia mTeli auzis farTobze, ufro meti koncentrirebiT CrdiloeT nawilSi. 

am ori maCveneblis (gamovlenili da mosalodneli) Sedarebisas ar unda daviviwyoT, rom 

mosalodneli maCvenebeli iTvaliswinebs mxolod difuzur dabinZurebas, gamowveuls miwis 

moxmarebiT. masSi ar igulisxmeba saZovrebze arsebuli cxovelebis zegavlena da 

wertilovani wyaroebidan dabinZureba saWiro imisaTvis, rom mdinareebSi fosforis 

totaluri koncentracia ganisazRvros. 

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naxati 3- gamovlenili maCveneblebis Sedareba wylis xarisxis sadgurebze gansazRvrul 

mosalodnelTan 

Azena dos 

gamovlenili mosalodneli 

0.19 mg/l 0.11 mg/l 

Azena dos Quilos 


0.40 mg/l 0.26 mg/l 

Rocha da Gale 


0.16 mg/d 0.12 mg/l 

Oeiras 


0.04 mg/d 0.02 mg/l 

Rocha da Nora 


0.18 mg/l 0.11 mg/l 

Arromches 


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2.4 mg/l 0.51mg/l 

Monte da Vinha 


0.46 mg/l 0.23mg/l 

Moinho do Caneiro 


0.20 mg/l 0.15 mg/l 

Pulo do Lobo 


0.12 mg/l 0.10 mg/l 

Cais del Alcoutium 


0.10 mg/l 0.09 mg/l 

Monte dos Fortes 


0.01 mg/l 0.008 mg/l 

zogadad, SesaZlebelia imis dadastureba, rom fosforis koncentraciis yvelaze maRali 

maCveneblebi aris auzis CrdiloeT nawilSi, xolo samxreT nawilSi gamovlenili 

maCveneblebi mosalodnelTan yvelaze axloa. es SeiZleba aixsnas imiT, rom am zonaSi ufro 

naklebi wertilovani wyaroebia, rac difuzur dabinZurebaze gavlenas axdens. 

nimuSebis Seswavlis monacemTa mixedviT (naxati 4), SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom fosforis 

koncentraciis ganzaveba metia auzis samxreTi nawilisaken gadanacvlebisas. procentuli 

maCveneblis mixedviT mosalodneli maCveneblebis kavSiri gamovlenilTan izrdeba auzis 

samxreTi nawilisaken gadanacvlebisas, rac asaxavs dabinZurebis arawertilovani wyaroebis 

met rols fosforis mTlian raodenobaSi. 

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naxati 4 – fosforis koncentraciis Sedareba (gamovlenilisa mosalodnelTan) da maTi 

procentuli urTierTkavSiri 

gamovlenili 

mosalodneli 

fosfori (mg/l) 

literatura 

Jorgensen SE, (1980) tbis menejmenti, Pergamont Press Ltd., UK 

Gomes F (1997), Modelacao Hidrologia Distribuida: Aplicacao a bacia do Guadiana. Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa, 

Instituto Superior Tecnico 

Novotny V, Olem H (1994) wylis xarisxi. difuzuri dabinZurebis prevencia, idntifikacia da 

menejmenti. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New-York 

Olivera F, Maidment D R, Charbeneau R J (1996) qariSxlis zedapiruli Cadinebis da arawertilovani 

wyaroebidan dabinZurebis sivrceSi ganawilebuli modelireba geografiuli sainformacio 

sistemebis gamoyenebiT. University <strong>of</strong> Texas at Austin 

Quadrado F, Gomes F et al. (1996), Programa de Despoluicao da bacia do rio Guadiana. INAG, DSRH 


fernanda gomeSi (fernandag@inag.pt) 

felisbina kuadrado (binac@inag.pt) 

Instituto da agua, Direccao de Servicos de Recursos Hidricos 

Av. Almirante Gago Countinho, 30 -1000 Lisbon, Portugal 

Tel: ++ 351 21 8430352/92 Fax: ++ 351 21 8409218 

dasaxeleba 

No:6 

miwisqveSa wylis abstraqcia (dania) 

zewolis tipi: miwisqveSa wylis zedapiris (donis) daweva, wylis nakadis daqveiTeba 

zegavlenis tipi: miwisqveSa wyalze: miwisqveSa wylis nakadis mimarTulebis cvlileba, rac 

savaraudod iwvevs marilis intruzias. aseve miwisqveSa wylis xarisxis gauareseba rogorc 

Sedegi e.w. 

wylis donis awevisa (zeda SreebSi asvlisa), zeda fenebSi Jangvis da gazrdili 

infiltraciisa. 

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zedapirul wylebze: Semcirebuli ganzaveba qimiuri moqcevebisa e.w gamoyenebuli (Camdinere) 

wylidan, modificirebuli ekologiuri sistemebidan (rac gamowveulia parametrebis farTo 

speqtris cvlilebebiT, rogoricaa wylis nakadebis temperaturis cvlileba miwisqveSa 

wylebis Semcirebuli Sedinebis gamo!). 


monitoringi: miwisqveSa wylis doneebis cvlilebebis gazomva (zondireba), da miwisqveSa 

wylis qimiuri Semadgenlobis (mag. qloridi, sulfati, rkina, nikeli) gansazRvra miwisqveSa 

wylis abstraqciis efeqtis gamosaTvlelad. 

samodelo midgoma: 2- an 3- ganzomilebiani hidrologiuri modelebi (cifruli 

kompiuteruli modelebi) gamoiyeneba abstraqciis Sedegad miwisqveSa wylis nakadis 

cvlilebis Sesafaseblad da aseve wylis balansis dasaTvlelad. ufro daxvewili 3- 

ganzomilebiani modeli SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos zedapirul wylebTan urTierTqmedebis 

Sesafaseblad da wylis nakadis cvlilebebis gamosaTvlelad. 


modelebis gamoyenebisaTvis sakmaod farTo moTxovnebi unda dakmay<strong>of</strong>ildes Sesayvani 

monacemebisaTvis. es monacemebi xSirad miiReba monitoringis arsebuli monacemebidan da 

miwisqveSa wylis Webis dguSis testis Sedegad. 

hidrologiuri sistemis adeqvaturi reprezentaciisaTvis Tqven gWirdebaT gavrcobili 

maCveneblebi parametrebis farTo speqtrisaTvis (mag. hidravlikuri gamavloba da 

forovneba), rac specifiuria modelirebuli hidrologiuri sistemisaTvis da aseve 

geografiuli garemosaTvis, modelis Sedegebis validurobaSi dasarwmuneblad. rac ufro 

kompleqsuri da zustia modeli, miT ufro mravalmxrivi monacemebi Wirdeba mas. 

garda amisa, modelebis kalibraciisa da validaciisaTvis saWiro monacemebi unda iyos 

wesrigSi imis Sesamowmeblad, SeuZlia Tu ara models zustad gamosaxos hidrologiuri 

sistemis pasuxebi. es monacemebi xSirad SeiZleba amoRebuli iyos monitoringis 

monacemebidan, ise rom monitoringis monacemTa erTi nawili gamoiyeneba modelis 

momzadebis da kalibraciisas, xolo monacemTa meore nawili motovebulia modelis 

Semdgomi validaciisaTvis. 


miuxedavad imisa, rom monitoringis Sedegad SeiZleba pirdapir dokumentirebuli iyos 

zedapiruli da miwisqveSa wylis obieqtebis kargi statusis miRebis SeuZlebloba, xSirad, 

gansakuTrebiT miwisqveSa wylis obieqtebisaTvis, saWiroa zegavlenebis damatebiTi Sefaseba 

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modelebis saSualebiT da kalkulacia momavali zegavlenebisa romlebic ganpirobebulia 

miwisqveSa wylis obieqtebze zewolaTa droSi gaxangrZlivebuli gavleniT. 

wylis balansis modelebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos wyalSemkrebi auzis masStabiT. 

rogorc “martivi” konceptualiri modelebi, aseve ufro rTuli cifruli kompiuteruli 

modelebi. maTi gamoyenebiT SesaZloa abstraqciis kubur metrebSi gamoTvla da aseve 

zegavlenis raodenobrivi Sefaseba zedapirul wylebze, Cveulebriv nakadebze. 

es farTodaa cnobili daniaSi, sadac hidrologiuri modelebi gamoiyeneba wylis 

abstraqciis uflebis mosapoveblad, mariliani wylis intruziis riskisas da aseve 

asocirebuli zedapiruli wylebis/ekosistemebis dazianebisas. aseve modelis saSualebiT 

gamoiTvleba koreqciis aucilebloba, magaliTad wylis misaRebi nakadis 

uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>isaTvis da aseve is, rogoria koreqciis saukeTeso xerxi (mag: unda moxdes 

abstraqciis Semcireba Tu miwiqveSa wylis nakadisaken gadatumbva). qvemoT moyvanilia 

magaliTi, romelSic wylis nakadi modelirebuli iqna roskildis sagrafoSi sxvadasxva 

sadgurebze modelis kalibraciis mizniT da sistemis hidravlikuri da sxva parametrebis 

gansazRvrisaTvis. modeli SemdgomSi gamoiyeneboda miwisqveSa wylis abstraqciis dasaSvebi 

moculobis Sesafaseblad, garemosaTvis wylis nakadis mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT. am 

TvalsazrisiT gansakuTrebiT kritikulia gamoy<strong>of</strong>is dabali doneebi. 

naxati 1: hidravlikuri modelis kalibracia wylis nakadis monacemebze. sqeli xazi: 

modelis Sedegebi. wvrili wyvetili xazi: dafiqsirebuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a. marcxniv: cudad 

kalibrirebuli/determinirebuli, da amitom naklebad zusti, modeli. marjvniv: kargad 

kalibrirebuli/determinirebuli modeli. 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>a m²/s 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>a m²/s 

dro (w) 

dro (w) 

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(County <strong>of</strong> Roskild (2002):GGrundvandsmodel for Roskilde Amt by WaterTech a/s) 

kompiuteruli modelebis gamoyeneba aseve SesaZlebels xdis kvalificiurad ganisazRvros 

mocemuli zewola ramden xanSi gamovlindeba dabinZurebis formis zegavlenis saxiT. es 

relevanturia e.w. wylis mosamaragebel Webze zegavlenis da miwisqveSa wylebis 

dabinZurebis sxva SemTxvevebis SefasebisaTvis. 

da bolos, hidrologiuri sistemebis kompiuteruli modelebi miwisqveSa wylebis 

SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba miwisqveSa wylebis Sevsebis adgilebis gansasazRvrad. es 

maRalrelevanturia mocemuli zewolis sawyisis da zewolis/moqmedebis siZlieris 

warmosaCenad, da sivrciT dagegmarebaSi prevenciuli zomebis da sensitiuri adgilebis 

damabinZurebeli aqtivobebisagan gansarideblad. 

literatura 

County <strong>of</strong> Roskild (2002):GGrundvandsmodel for Roskilde Amt by WaterTech a/s 

proeqtis angariSi miwisqveSa wylebisa da zedapiruli wylebis kavSirebisa da 

urTierTqmedebis (abstraqciis efeqtebis CaTvliT) codnis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. teqsti 

mocemulia daniur enaze, magram reziumeTi inglisur enaze: 

http://www.mst.dk/udgiv/Publikationer/2002/87-7972-157-5/html/default.htm 


daniis da grenlandiis geologiuri momoxilva (GEUS), Oster Voldgade 10, dk-1350. Copenhagen K, 

Tel.: +45 38142000, Fax:+45 38142050, E-mail: geus@geus.dk, http://www.geus.dk/geuspage-uk.htm 

dasaxeleba 

No:7 

mdinaris sistemis simulatoris gamoyeneba mdinare maanaSi (norvegia) garemo 

faqtorebiT ganpirobebuli nakadis optimizaciis mizniT 


nakadis Secvlili reJimi 

zewolis tipi: 

wylis nakadis regulacia 


mocemul kvlevaSi gamoyenebuli iqna mdinaris sistemis simulatoris (Alfredsen et al 

1995) Semdegi modelebi - ENMAG, HEC-RAS, QUAL2E, RICE da HABITAT. 

modelirebis midgoma iTvaliswinebda mdinaris baipasur seqciebSi modelis Seqmnas 

da kalibracias Tavisufali nakadis ararsebobis pirobebSi da Semdeg 1 m3/s, 2.5 m3/s, 5 

m3/s da 10 m3/s gamoTavisuflebuli wylis, rogorc garemo faqtorebiT 

ganpirobebuli nakadis, zegavlenis simulirebas. 

rogor moxda modelze dafuZnebuli gadawyvetilebis miReba 

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yvela modelidan miRebuli Sedegi gansjili iqna mecnierebis mier manualurad, ris 

Semdegac moxda gaerTianebuli integrirebuli rekomendirebuli nakadis 

SemoTavazeba. 

ramdenad Seesabameboda aplikaciis procesi teqnikis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove 

dones? 

sami kargad cnobili da srulad dokumentirebuli (ENMAG, HEC-RAS da QUAL2E) da 

ori axlad SemuSavebuli modeli (RICE da HABITAT) iqna integrirebuli mdinaris 

sistemas simulatorSi mimdinare monacemTa baziT da prezentaciis meTodebiT. 

aRniSnuli integracia Seesabameba teqnikis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove dones. 

komunikacia modelebis SemmuSavebelsa da saboloo momxmarebels Soris 

proeqtis saboloo momxmarebelis, “aRmosavleT telemarkis mdinareTa regulirebis 

asociaciis” mier (“The Eastern Telemark River Regulation Association”) Seqmnili iqna 

warmomadgenlobiTi referaluri jgufi, romelSic gaerTiandnen lokaluri da 

regonaluri masStabis pasuxismgebeli pirebi, hidrosamrewao kompaniebi da 

adgilobrivi politikosebi. aRniSnul warmomadgenlobiT jgufs weliwadSi erTxel 

misdis angariSi proeqtis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb. proeqtis sawyis fasaSi 

organizebuli iyo ramdenime Sexvedra modelebis or SemmuSavebelsa da saboloo 

momxmareblebs Soris. saboloo momxmareblebma Seqmnes referaluri jgufi. proeqtis 

saboloo produqti aisaxa Svid mecnierul angariSSi da erT Semajamebel reportSi. 


monacemTa Segrovebis strategia hidravlikis, bunebrivi arealis da Tevzebis 

sakiTxebze iTvaliswinebda monacemTa Segrovebas intensiurad, drois mokle 

periodSi, sanam moxdeba wylis ukuSebruneba mdinareSi. danarCeni monacemebis 

Segroveba ki xdeboda uwyvetad, regularul (yovelTviur, dRiur da yovel 10-wuTian) 

bazisze. aRniSnuli modelebidan ramdenime saWiroebs identuri Sesayvani monacemebis 

arsebobas. Segrovebul iqna Semdegi monacemebi: 

teqnikuri da hidrologiuri monacemebi sistemaSi arsebuli eleqtrosadgurebisa da 

rezervuarebisTvis ENMAG modelis asamuSaveblad. 

ganiv-kveTiani da wylis donis monacemebi HEC-RAS, RICE da HABITAT modelebis 

asamuSaveblad. 

mdinaris yinulovani safaris, wylis da haeris temperaturuli monacemebi RICE 

modelisTvis. 

monacemebi wylis xarisxis amsaxav parametrebze rogoricaa saerTo P, saerTo N, 

baqteriebis raodenoba, koliformuli da Termo tolerantuli koliformuli 

baqteriebi, pH, simRvrie da wylis temperatura Segrovebul iqna QUAL2E modelisTvis 

mdinaris gayolebiT Tormet adgilze da ramdenime eleqtrosadguris gamomdinare 

wylebidan. aRniSnuli monacemebis Segroveba xdeboda TveSi erTxel 14 Tvis 

ganmavlobaSi da agreTve ramodenimejer mdinareSi testgavlili wylis Sebrunebisas. 

monacemebi wylis siRrmeze, mimdinare siCqareze da substratis moculobaze 

Segrovebul iqna HABITAT modelisTvis 5-12 ganivi kveTis gayolebiT Tevzebis 

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139 



bunebrivi arealis xuT sadgurze. monacemebi Tevzebis bunebrivi arealis gamoyenebis 

Sesaxeb grovdeboda myvinTavebis mier imave sadgurebze zafxulis situaciebis 

ganmavlobaSi. 


mdinare maana samxreTi norvegiis centralur nawilSi oslodan dasavleTisken 150 

(km) daSorebiT reegulirdeba mTebSi ganlagebuli didi kaSxaliT da amuSavebs 

saerTo raodenobiT 5 hidroeleqtrosadgurs. regulaciis warmoebis licenzia 

saWiroebda xelaxal licenzirebas, Sesabamisad kvleva iqna Catarebuli garemo 

faqtorebiT ganpirobebuli nakadis moTxovnilebebis analizis mizniT specialuri 

aqcentiT wyliT dafarul areze (esTetiuroba), oragulisebrTa gamravlebis 

Taviseburebebze, wylis xarisxze, yinulis kondiciaze da eleqtroenergiis 

produqciaze. mdinaris sistemis simulatori (Alfredsen 1995) iqna gamoyenebuli 1-10 m3/s 

farglebSi ori yvelaze mZlavri daRmavali nakadis hidroeleqtrosadguris baipasur 

seqciebSi gamosaTavisuflebeli garemo faqtorebiT ganpirobebuli nakadebis 

zegavlenis simulaciisTvis da integraciisTvis. 

zegavlenis qveS my<strong>of</strong>i baipasuri seqciebis sigrZe daaxlovebiT warmoadgens 6 km-s da 

8 km-s. Tevzebis bunebrivi arealis simulaciebi Catarda detalizirebulad 5 

SerCeul monakveTze 25, 48, 59, 60 da 286 m-is sigrZeze. danarCeni sakiTxebis Seswavla 

mimdinareobda mTeli mdinaris gayolebiT 14 km-iani monakveTis sigrZeze. 

literatura 

angariSgeba kvlevis Sesaxeb, Semajamebeli reportis CaTvliT, Seyvanilia Ria 

norvegiul angariSSi: 

Harby, A. (ed). (2000) Vassdragssimulatoren for Maana. Hovedrapport. SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway 

(norvegiul enaze). 

saerTaSoriso gamoqveynebisTvis gamzadebuli statia gadagzavnilia agreTve garemos 

dacvis modelirebis programuli uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>isTvis. kvlevis Semadgeneli 

calkeuli nawilebi gamoqveynebulia: 

Harby, A and Alfredsen, K. (1999) Fish habitat simulation models and integrated assessment tools. International 

workshop on Sustainable Riverine Fish Habitat, April 21-24, Victoria, B.C., Canada. 

modelirebis meTodebTan dakavSirebuli literature: 

Alfredsen K., Bakken T.H. and Killingtveit (eds) (1995) The River System Simulator. User’s Manual. SINTEF 

NHL report 1995. 


atle.harby@energy.sintef.no 

dasaxeleba 

No:8 

139

140 



mdinaris wylis nakadis rezervuarebis gavleniT ganpirobebuli cvlilebebis 

Sefasebis midgomebi 

zewolis tipi: 



wylis nakadis regulaciiT ganpirobebuli wylis naturaluri reJimis maqsimaluri 

potenciuri cvlilebis amsaxavi indeqsi. 


- hidrologiuri qselis nebismieri wertilidan dinebis sapirispirod 

wyalsacavebis tevadobis amsaxavi ruka. 

- wylis naturaluri namatis amsaxavi ruka. 


mocemuli praqtikis pirdapir amocanas warmoadgens wylis nakadis regulaciiT 

ganpirobebuli maqsimaluri potenciuri cvlilebis amsaxavi indeqsis Seqmna. 

wylis nakadis regulaciiT ganpirobebuli wylis naturaluri reJimis maqsimaluri 

potenciuri cvlilebis amsaxavi ruka Seqmnili iqna wylis naturaluri namatis 

amsaxav rukas da hidrologiuri qselis nebismieri wertilidan dinebis sapirispirod 

wyalsacavebis tevadobis amsaxav rukas Soris arsebuli Tanafardobis gaangariSebis 

safuZvelze GIS teqnikebis gamoyenebiT. 

maregulirebel kaSxals gaaCnia wylis nakadis droSi asaxuli reJimis yvelaze meti 

cvlilebis unari. ra Tqma unda, maregulirebeli kaSxlebi konstruirebulia 

mdinaris naturaluri daclis modificirebis mizniT adamianebis moTxovnilebebis 

Sesabamisad da amgvari aqtivoba cvlis wylis naturalur reJims. degradaciis 

xarisxi mdinaris nebismier wertilSi damokidebulia sam parametrze: mocemuli 

wertilidan dinebis sapirispirod regulirebuli wylis moculobaze, regulirebuli 

wylis SedarebiT odenobaze mdinaris gayolebiT arsebul resursebTan kavSirSi (sxva 

sityvebiT, wyalsacavis nakadTan Sefardebaze) da wyalsacavis operatiul 

menejmentze. 

wyalsacavis menejmentiT ganpirobebuli cvlilebebi SesaZloa iyos umniSvnelo, Tu 

igi axorcielebs naturaluri reJimis reproduqcias, magram wyalsacavis 

menejmentiT ganpirobebuli cvlilebebi SesaZloa gaxdes totaluri, Tu igi 

axorcielebs yvela resursis Sevsebas da wylis aranairi gamoTavisufleba mdinareSi 

ar xdeba. ukanaskneli varianti Seesabameba yvelaze uares efeqts, romelic kaSxalma 

SeiZleba moaxdinos mdinaris nakadze, aqedan gamomdinare igi SesaZloa gamoyenebuli 

iqnas wylis naturaluri reJimis potenciuri Secvlis raodenobrivi gansazRvrisTvis. 

pirveli, wyalsacavebis tevadobis amsaxavi ruka uCvenebs wylis moculobas, romelic 

SesaZloa regulirdebodes nebismieri wertilidan dinebis sapirispirod. amis Semdeg, 

Tu wylis wliuri namatis amsaxavi ruka gaiy<strong>of</strong>a wyalsacavebis tevadobis amsaxav 

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141 



rukaze, miRebuli iqneba wylis nakadis regulaciiT ganpirobebuli wylis 

naturaluri reJimis maqsimaluri potenciuri cvlilebis ruka. 

naxati 1: wyalsacavebis tevadobis amsaxavi ruka aCvenebs did moculobebs, romelnic 

aRemateba 5.000 Mm 3 -s da damaxasiaTebelia didi mdinareebis dinebis qveda doneze 

(gvadalqviviri, ebro, taio, duero da guadiana), amave dros aCvenebs zogierT mcire 

auzsac, romelic Zlivs aRwevs 1.000 Mm 3 -s (norte, sur, s.i. de katalunia, galicia 

kosta da segura). 

naxati 2: aCvenebs wylis wliuri namatis amsaxav rukas. 

naxati 3: aCvenebs wylis nakadis regulaciis mier maqsimaluri potenciuri 

cvlilebis amsaxav rukas. wyalsacavebis tevadobis amsaxav rukasTan SedarebiT igi 

warmoadgens zlier gansxvavebul aspeqtebs. Zalian maRali absoluturi tevadobis 

zogierT auzebs, rogoric gaaCnia ebros, axasiaTebT mcired Secvlili reJimi didi 

naturaluri gavlenis gaTvaliswinebiT, maSin, rodesac sxva mdinareebs agreTve didi 

gavleniT gaaCniaT cvlilebebis gacilebiT meti potenciali (taio an gvadalkviviri). 

metic, aucileblad unda gvaxsovdes, rom Cven ganvixilavT maqsimalur potenciur 

cvlilebebs, aqedan gamomdinare realuri cvlilebebi SesaZloa gacilebiT naklebad 

iyvnen warmoadgenilni. magaliTisTvis, xSir SemTxvevaSi hidroeleqtrosadgurebis 

maRali tevadobis sacavis mqone kaSxali, romelsac gaaCnia agreTve wylis 

ukuSebrunebis maRali procentuli maCvenebeli, SesaZloa xasiaTdebodes wylis 

naturaluri dinebis reJimis Zalian maRali potenciuri cvlilebis SesaZleblobiT, 

magram amavdroulad realurad miRebuli cvlileba iyos Zalian mcire. 

naxati 1: hidrologiuri qselis nebismieri wertilidan dinebis sapirispirod 

wyalsacavebis tevadobis amsaxavi ruka (Mm 3 ). 

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142 



naxati 2: wylis naturaluri namatis amsaxavi ruka (Mm 3/ weli), gasaSualoebuli (1940- 

1996) 

naxati 3: wylis nakadis regulaciiT ganpirobebuli maqsimaluri potenciuri 

cvlilebebis amsaxavi ruka. 

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143 



literatura 

MIMAM (2000) Libro Blanco del Aqua en Espana. (Ministry <strong>of</strong> Environment (2000), White paper on Water in 

Spain) (espanur enaze). 


ALEJANDRA PUIG. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente 

TEL: +34915975695 FAX: +3495975947. e-mail: apiug@sgtcca.mma.es 

JOAQUIN RODRIGUEZ. CEDEX-Ministerio de Fomento. 

TEL: +34913357972 FAX: +34913357922. e-mail: joaquin.rodriguez@cedex.es 


rogor aRiweros adamianis zewolebTan dakavSirebuli morfologiuri cvlilebebi? 

(niderlandebi) 


nakadis Secvlili reJimi iwvevs bunebrivi dinamikisa da gavrcelebis arealis mdgomareobis 

mniSvnelovan cvlilebebs. 

zewolis tipi: 

estuaruli (SesarTavis) nakadis maxasiaTeblebis cvlileba iwvevs estuaris morfologiur 

cvlilebebs. 

(draiveri: naosnobis amJamindeli da momavali saWiroebebi moiTxovs sanavigacio arxebis 

gaRrmavebas da gaganierebas vesterSeldtis SesarTavSi). 


analizis procesSi ar aris unificirebuli kriteriumebi an mocemuli pirobebi HMWB 

jgufisagan an REFCOND-isagan gardamavali da sanapiro wylebisaTvis. Sesabamisad, miznebis 

da indikatorebis nakrebi Long Term Vision –sagan Scheldt-isaTvis (TWG Scheldt Commission) 

gamoiyeneba rogorc winaswari nakrebi mocemuli pirobebisa. 


monacemebi gavrcelebis arealis Sesaxeb (GIS), wylis siRrme, dinebis reJimi, naleqis 

warmoqmna, da qviSis transporti. 


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vesterSeldti aris yvelaze didi sanaosno arxi navsadgurebisaTvis antverpi da vlisingeni. 

ekonomikuri saWiroebebisaTvis sanavigacio arxi iqna gaRrmavebuli, raTa SeZlos ufro 

didi gemebis miReba da Semcirdes damokidebuleba miqceva-moqcevis procesze. 

vesterSeldtis SesarTavSi (estuarSi) arxis gaRrmavebasTan dakavSirebulma xangrZlivma 

miwis Txrisa da gadmotvirTvis samuSaoebma, moaxdines sistemis xarisxis statusze 

mniSvnelovani gavlena. mniSvnelovani efeqtebia morfologiisa da gavrcelebis arealis 

Semdgomi cvlilebebi SesarTavis SigniT. vesterSeldti SeiZleba daxasiaTebuli iqnas, 

rogorc gardamavali wyali da savaraudod, rogorc “Zlier modificirebuli”. es niSnavs, 

rom adamianis mier ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebis Sedegad miRebuli morfologiuri 

mdgomareobis Secvla aris miCneuli Seuqcevadad. es cxadia asaxavs dambebis arsebobas 

usafrTxoebis miznebisaTvis da aseve sanavigacio arxisaTvis ekonomikuri mniSvnelobis 

gamo. es gulisxmobs, rom wylis am obieqtis xarisxis samizne aris kargi ekologiuri 

potenciali, rac gulisxmobs Seuqcevadi cvlilebebis pirobebSi saukeTeso SesaZlebel 

ekologiur mdgomareobas. 

wylis CarCo direqtiva moiTxovs identifikaciasa da analizs mniSvnelovani adamianuri 

zewolebisa, hidromorfologiaze adamianis gavlenis CaTvliT. analizis 

struqturirebisaTvis gadadgmuli iqna 5 nabiji: 

nabiji 1: sistemis daxasiaTeba 

sistemis yvelaze mniSvnelovani maxasiaTeblebis parametrebi (danarTi II (naw.1.2.3., V (naw. 1.1.3 

da 1.2.3) wylis CarCo direqtivisa gamoyenebuli iqna rogorc amosavali wertili am 

aRwerisaTvis. 

nabiji 2: mocemuli pirobebisa da morfologiuri xarisxis samizneebis dadgena 

mocemuli pirobebi morfologiuri statusisaTvis, romlebic sakmarisad Seesabameboda 

wylis CarCo direqtivis xarisxis samiznes, mocemuls GEP mier, saWiroebda aRweras. aseTi 

mocemuli pirobebi ar iyo sakmarisad zustad gansazRvruli da gamoTvlili arsebul 

literaturaSi. radgan statstikuri (geografiuli an istoriuli) mocemuli pirobebi ver 

gamodgeba praqtikuli moxmarebisaTvis SesarTavis (estuaris) dinamiur sistemaSi, 

gamoyenebuli iqna “Long-term vision <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Scheldt estuary – Seldtis SesarTavis xangrZlivi xedvis 

(LTV)” parametrebi mniSvnelovani zewolebisa da zegavlenebis misaRebad da sistemis 

cvlilebebis monitoringis kriteriumebis misaRebad. LTV fokusirebulia SesarTavSi 

esenciuri bunebrivi dinamikis SenarCunebaze. sistemis ori mTavaro parametri am miznisaTvis 

aris: (1) mravalarxiani sistema unda SenarCunebuli iyos intaqturad; (2) saWiroa masSi iyos 

sakmarisi adgili dinamiuri daleqvisaTvis/eroziuli procesebisa da gavrcelebis arealis 

cvlilebebisaTvis. 

nabiji 3: mniSvnelovani zewolebis identifikacia 

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imis Sefaseba aris Tu ara wylis obieqtze zewola mniSvnelovani, unda emyarebodes zogad 

konceptualur gagebas zewolebisa (mag. wylis dineba) da maTi zegavlenebisa sistemaze (mag. 

amasTan dakavSirebuli cvlilebebi morfologiaSi da ekologiur funqcionirebaSi da 

sistemis gavrcelebis arealebSi). vesterSeldtis SemTxvevaSi saeqsperto codna 

gamoyenebuli iyo pirvel rigSi yvela potenciurad relevanturi zewolis CamosaTvlelad, 

da Semdeg etapze yvelaze mniSvnelovani zewolebis identifikaciisaTvis. mniSvneloba maSin 

xdeba sayuradRebo, Tu determinirebulia samiznesaken an miocemuli (sawyisi) pirobebisaken. 

prioritetebis dasadgeni kriteriumebi iyo zewolis relevantoba sistemis parametrebis 

miRwevaSi, rogorc aRwerilia LTV-Si. 

nabiji 4: zegavlenaTa Sefaseba 

2004 wlis pirveli revius mniSvnelovani mizani iyo mTavari zewolebis da maTi 

zegavlenebis inentificireba. zewola yvelaze Zlieri zegavleniT aris “sanavigacio arxis 

gaRrmaveba da gafarToeba”. Sedegad, am aqtivobas aqvs yvelaze meti potenciali LTV-Si 

formulirebuli momavali parametrebisadmi damTxvevis an ardamTxvevisa. 

nabiji 5: zegavlenaTa monitoringisaTvis relevanturi indikatorebis identifikacia 

zewolasa da zegavlenas Soris urTierTkavSiri gamoiyeneboda morfologiuri cvlilebebis 

monitoringis relevanturi indikatoris identifikaciisaTvis. mraval arxiani relevanturi 

indikatorebi savaraudod aris: miqceva-moqcevis zonis napirebis sigrZe, moqcevis Sida 

zona, moqcevis/ wyaldidobis gavlena, naleqis transportireba, arxis pirveladi 

transportis kavSiri arxis meorad transportTan. bunebrivi dinamikisaTvis sakmarisi 

sivrcis parametris indikatorad unda moiazrebodes moqcevisSida zonis simaRle da 

marilovani marSis yvelaze dabali zona. 

samwuxarod, kavSiri zewola/zegavlenasa da morfologiur kriteriumebs Soris ar aris 

dadgenili imdenad zustad, rom Seiqmnas operacionaluri klasifikaciis sistema, da 

ZiriTadad damokidebulia saeqsperto codnaze. miuxedavad amisa, kargi ekologiuri 

statusis miRwevis garda garkveuli tendenciebi ukve aSkarad aris identificirebuli am 

indikatoruli parametrisaTvis. (ix. grafiki romelic asaxavs marilovani marSis areebis 

zrdas, rac niSnavs, rom relevanturi ufro qveda marilovani marSi mkveTrad mcirdba). 

pirveli reviu 2004 wels warmoadgenda saskriningo nabijs. igi aRniSnavs pirvelad 

aspeqtebs, romlebic unda damuSavdes RBMP-Si. morfologiisaTvis igi avlens rig 

relevantur sicarieleebs codnaSi, rac unda Seivsos RBMP-s mimarTulebT Semdgomi 

nabijebis gadadgmisas. 

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grafiki: marilovani marSis ufro maRali areebi 

literatura 

• piloturi angariSi zewolebsa da zegavlenebze vesterSeldtis arealSi –RIZA &Royal 

Haskoning, holandiur enaze (inglisur enaze reziume darTulia), amJamad momzadebis 

procesSia (dasrulebulia 2002 seqtemberSi), angariSi iqneba misawvdomi misamarTze: 

www.waterland.net/eu-water 

• Seldtis SesarTavis xangrZlivi xedva –resursebis analizi (RA/00-445), ianvari 2001 


Department <strong>of</strong> transport and public works RIKZ (National Institute <strong>of</strong> Coastal waters) 

sakontaqto piri: B. Dauwe 

Postbox 8039 

NL-4330 EA Middelburg 

The Nederlands 

Department <strong>of</strong> transport and public works RIZA (National Institute <strong>of</strong> water management and waste water treatment) 

sakontaqto piri: F.H.Wagemaker 

Postbox 17 

NL-8200-AA Lelystad 

The Nederlands 


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147 



skriningi da zegavlenaTa Sefaseba EUROWATERNET meTodologiis franguli midgomis 

gamoyenebiT (safrangeTi) 


organuli masala, nutrientebi (sakvebi nivTierebebi), eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacia mdinareebSi. 

zewolis tipi: 

OM, fosforis da azotis wertilovani da difuzuri wyaroebi gansazRvruli maTi 

mamoZravebeli ZaliT 


statistikuri teqnika monitoringis monacemebis organizebuli gamoyenebisaTvis da 

zewolebsa da zegavlenebs Soris sivrciTi da droSi urTierTkavSiri 


monitoringis sadgurebis da dakvirvebis sawyisi monacemebi 

wyalSemkrebi auzis struqtura 

CORINE land cover, administraciuli da wyalSemkrebi auzis sazRvrebi 

porulacia NUTS5-ze 

sxva informacia SeiZleba Setanili iyos stratifikaciis sistemaSi 


meTodologia 

mcenareuli safari da populaciis simWidrove gansazRvraven ZiriTad mamoZravebel Zalebs, 

romlebic gavlenas axdenen mdinaris xarisxze. mcenareuli safaris proporcia da 

kombinacia da populaciis simWidrove gamoiyeneba raTa ganisazRvros potenciuri 

zewolebis plastebi (strata), rac iZleva SesaZleblobas TiToeuli monitoringis sadguris 

moniSvnisa. stratifikaciis procesi iTvaliswinebs qveauzisa da auzis zomas aseve 

imisaTvis, rom amoarCios sadgurebi Tanabrad mTels teritoriaze. 

stratifikacia miznad isaxavs monitoringis sadgurebi daajgufos identuri gamoy<strong>of</strong>is 

mixedviT. Tu plasti (stratumi) kargad aris gansazRvruli, maSin mosalodnelia, rom 

dabinZurebis simWidrove (kg y¯¹ (km²)¯¹)erTis mxriv da standartuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a (m³ y¯¹ (km²)¯¹) 

meores mxriv SeZleben gamoTvalon koncentraciis monacemi romelic ekuTvnis imave 

statistikur populacias. 

am hipoTezebis Tanaxmad, rom stratumis meryeoba SeiZleba gamoiTvalos, rogorc kombinacia 

saSualo wertilebisa da meryeobebis. Sedegad, SesaZlebeli gaxdeba moxdes plastebis 

Sedareba, plastis, wyalSemkrebi auzis da drois gadaxrebis kombinireba. 

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gamoyeneba 

EuroWaternet-is implementacia safrangeTSi amJamad srulad operacionaluria. detaluri 

statistikuri kvleva geostatistikuri procesebis gamoyenebiT (mravalaspeqtiani krijingi) 

aCvenebs, rom 6 plasti (strata) (mWidro urbanuli, urbanuli, Sereuli 

(urbanuli+intensiuri sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo), intensiuri sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo, zomierad 

sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo, mcire zegavlena) aris sakmarisi mdinareebze zegavlenis mqone Zalebis 

aRsawerad. 

EuroWaternet moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, SerCeuli iqna 512 nimuSebis Semswavleli sadguri. 

say<strong>of</strong>acxovrebo miznebisaTvis es ricxvi gazrdili iqna daaxloebiT 1500 sadguramde 

(ricxvi mcired damokidebulia weliwadze), romlebic gamoiyeneba wylis xarisxis 

sakiTxebis warmosadgenad, rodesac statistikuri indikatorebi aris CarTuli. 

meore stadiaze, meTodologia gamoiyeneba raTa dadgindes sadgurebis optimaluri 

ganawileba, auzze zewolebis Sesafaseblad. dadgenili iqna 2500 sadguris optimaluri 

qseli, da is amJamad ufro detaluri Seswavlis procesSia. es Sedegi ar aris aq 

warmodgenili, radgan isini ar Seesatyviseba zewolebsa da zegavlenebs. miuxedavad amisa, 

xazgasmulia, rom monitoringis xarisxi mniSvnelovanwilad gansazRvravs zegavlenis 

Sefasebis sizustes. 

zogierTi Sedegi 

stratifikacia SeiZleba mowodebuli iyos rogorc stratumis tipebis ruka elementarul 

auzze (amJamad 6210). feris kodi TiToeuli auzisaTvis warmoadgens kumulaciur 

mosalodnel zegavlenebs auzis dinebis ufro zeda nawilidan. 

naxati 1. Tanamedrove EuroWaternet stratifikaciis tipebi romlebic gamoiyeneba safrangeTSi 

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stratumis tipi ukavSirdeba nebismier sadgurs romelic moTavsebulia mTavar arxze 

mdinarisa, romelic axdens gamoy<strong>of</strong>ili 6210 elementaruli auzidan romelimes drenirebas. 

ruxi xazebiT aRniSnulia 55 operacionaluri auzi romlebic gamoiyeneba wertilovani 

seleqciisaTvis safrangeTis municipalitetSi. 

auzebis sazRvarsgareTa nawilebi kalkulaciebSi gaTvaliswinebulia. 

stratumis saSualo maCveneblebi 

grafiki. 

mg/l nitrati 

wlebi 

sas<strong>of</strong>losemeurneo 

mcire zegavlena 

urbanuli da sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo 

urbanuli 

mWidrod urbanuli 

saSualo zegavlena 

linearuli (sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo) 

linearuli (saSualo zegavlena) 

zemoTmoyvanil magaliTSi, nitrati TiToeul stratumze (am SemTxvevaSi damuSavebulia 

mTeli safrangeTis EuroWaternet wertilebi) aCvenebs aSkara zemoTmimaval tendencias 

intensiur sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo, Sereul da saSualo gavlenis qveS my<strong>of</strong> (sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo) 

stratumebSi. hidrologiuri efeqti ar aris moSorebuli saSualodan, es procedura xazs 

usvams drois gadaxras, savaraudod aqtivobebTan dakavSirebiT. 

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grafiki 

stratumis saSualo maCveneblebi (xsnadi P) 

mg/l xsnadi P 

wlebi 

sas<strong>of</strong>lo-semeurneo 

mcire zegavlena 

urbanuli da sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo 

urbanuli 

mWidrod urbanuli 

saSualo zegavlena 

zemoTmoyvanil magaliTSi, fosfori TiToeul stratumze (am SemTxvevaSi damuSavebulia 

mTeli safrangeTis EuroWaternet wertilebi) aCvenebs aSkara qvemoTmimaval tendencias yvela 

stratumSi. gaumjobeseba Zalian efeqturia yvelaze meti zegavlenis qveS my<strong>of</strong> stratumebSi, 

sakanalizacio sistemis gasufTavebasa da detergentSi fosforis SemcirebasTan 

dakavSirebiT. hidrologiuri efeqti ar aris moSorebuli saSualodan. am SemTxvevaSi 

urTierTkavSiris xarisxi saWiroebs gaumjobesebas, radgan fosforis saSualo maCveneblebi 

mgrZnobiarea ganzavebisadmi. 

magaliTad moyvanil orive SemTxvevaSi gadaxrebi SeiZleba advilad iyos gamoyvanili da 

aCvenos romeli wylis obieqti aris da romeli ar aris riskis qveS, rom ver 

akmay<strong>of</strong>ilebdes moTxovnebs. 

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literatura 

Leonard J, Crouzet P, 1999. Construction d’un reseau representatif. Contribution au reseau 

“EUROWATERNET”/Qualite des cours d’eau de l’Agence Eupopeenne de l’Environment. Orleans. Institut francais de 

l’environnement, 70p.(coll.Notes de methode, 13) 

Beture-Cerec, ARMINES,2001.”Eurowaternet. Construction d’un reseau representative de qualite des cours 

d’eau.Phase II-Rapport final”. (type du rapport: Final.redige par Chantal de Fouquet,Gullaume Le Gall, pour le compte 

de’Ifen et Agences de l’eau”) Orleans, 233 p., (6 annexe(s), acces:total 

EEA, 2001.”mimdinare Eurowaternet procesSi mdinaris xariosxis aRwweris sakiTxebTan 

dakavSirebuli teqnikuri sakiTxebis revizia. axali Sexedulebebi seqtoruli strategiis 

efeqturobis Sefasebaze”(Type du rapport:PDraft, redige par Philippe Crouzet, pour le compte de EEA/EIONET) 

Copenhagen, 38 p., acces:limit 



Institute Francais de l;Environnement 

61, boulevard Alexandre Martin 

F 45058 Orleans Cedex 1, FRANCE 

Tel ++ 33 238 79 78 78/Fax ++33 238 79 78 70/E-mail philippe.crouzet@ifen.fr 


zewolaTa zegavlenis gamoTvla da albaToba moTxovnebis dakmay<strong>of</strong>ilebisa wylis daTvlis 

meTodologiis saSualebiT (EUROSTAT). frenguli gamoyeneba (safrangeTi) 


organuli masala, nutrientebi (sakvebi nivTierebebi), eutr<strong>of</strong>ikacia, pesticidebi, 

biologiuri statusi mdinareebSi. 

zewolis tipi: 

OM, fosforis, azotis da sxv. wertilovani da difuzuri wyaroebi gansazRvruli maTi 

mamoZravebeli ZaliT an aqtualuri zewolebiT. 


wylis daTvlis meTodologia anawilebs wylis xarisxis Sefasebebs (ara daumuSavebel 

koncentraciebs) wylis obieqtis zomis proporciaSi. es meTodi iZleva xarisxis 

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raodenobriv gamoxatvas, rac SeiZleba Sedardes zewolebs (rogorc gadatanas) an fasebs 

(rogorc fulis raodenobas). 


monitoringis sadgurebis lokalizacia da gamovlenili daumuSavebeli monacemebi 

xarisxis Sefasebis meTodi xarisxis indeqsebis an klasebis dasaTvlelad 

wyalSemkrebi auzis struqtura da mdinaris qselis struqtura 

standartuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>is maCveneblebi (saSualo, dabali nakadis maCveneblebi) tvirTis 

monacemTa dasaTvlelad 


meTodologia 

wylis daTvlis meTodologia Seiqmna pirvel rigSi observaciuli sistemis asaSeneblad, 

romelic iqneboda magaliTi mdinaris qselis struqturisa (maSin rodesac EuroWaternet qmnis 

nimuSebs monitoringis qselisa da pasuxobs sxvadasxva moTxovnebs). 

ramodenime qveyanam, safrangeTis CaTvliT, moaxdina misi adaptireba Eurostst –is saxeliT. 

mizani aris xarisxis mdgomareobaTa Sedareba wyalSemkreb auzebs Soris NUTS arealSi da 

is, rom gaxdes SesaZlebeli xarisxis gaumjobesebis fasis dadgena. 

meTodis safuZveli Zalian martivia: mdinaris TiToeul segments aqvs masa, gamoTvlili 

rogorc standartuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>is droebis xangrZlivoba. es raodenoba, kerZod SRU (Standart 

River Unit/UMEC Unite de Mesure des Eaux Courantes) homologiur lokaluri energiis maragis 

SeiZleba amgvarad daematos, Sedardes da qondes saboloo maCvenebeli, damoukideblad 

rukis sizustisagan. 

meore safexurze, Sefasebuli (an eqstrapolirebuli) monacemi TiToeuli segmetisaTvis 

muSavdeba rogorc xarisxis raodenoba. radgan xarisxis klasifikaciis sqemebi mimarTavs 

klasebs, SesaZlebeli xdeba rom nitratTan dakavSirebuli xarisxi daemTxves xarisxs 

gamosaxuls, rogorc biologiuri indikatori, im pirobiT rom klasifikaciis sqema 

Sinaganad ucvlelia. 

meTodologia yvelaze ganviTarebulia amJamad, cota xnis winandeli franguli da EEA 

samuSaos Semdeg, romelmac Seqmna a) sruli jaWvi produqciisa monacemTa monitoringidan 

agregirebul indeqsebamde (auzi da NUTS) da b) sruly<strong>of</strong>ili nakrebi indikatorebisa da 

kvleva oTx qveyanaSi (irlandia, gaerTianebuli samefo, slovenia da safrangeTi). 

gamoyeneba 

dResdReobiT, yvelaze sruly<strong>of</strong>ili gamoyeneba moxda safrangeTSi. miuxedavad amisa, 

magaliTebi aris moyvanili sxva qveynebisaTvis meTodis moqnilobis demonstrirebisaTvis: 

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153 



bolo damuSavebaTa wyalobiT Semdegi informacia iqna miRebuli arsebuli programuli 

uzrunvely<strong>of</strong>is gamoyenebiT (safrangeTis NOPOLU-Si). 

• SRU raodeniba, xarisxis klasze, Sefasebis sxvadasxva tipisaTvis, Tu relevanturia 

mdinaris zolisaTvis, gaerTianebiT yovel auzSi (nebismieri zomis) an NUTS-Si. es 

raodenobebi pirdapir dardeba sabazro erTeulebs: gamoy<strong>of</strong>is moculobas, fulis 

odenobas 

• RQGI (River Quality Generalised Index – mdinaris xarisxis ganzogadebuli indeqsi), 

romelic ganazogadebs wylis xarisxis klass moicavs ra agregaciul teritoriaze 

xarisxis klasebis ganawilebas (qveynis yvela tipis mdinaridan auzis mdinaris zomis 

klasamde) 

• paternis indeqsi, romelic aRniSnavs ra aris xarisxis problemis pr<strong>of</strong>ili 

agregaciis teritoriaze (saSualo xarisxis yvelgan, kargi “Savi laqebiT” da sxv) 

• SedarebiTi mniSvnelobis indeqsi, miRebuli xarisxis sxvadasxva Sefasebebis SRU 

SedarebiT, magaliTad, nitratisa da eutr<strong>of</strong>ikaciis Sedareba. Cndeba raodenobrivi 

informacia, agregaciis yvela erTeulisaTvis. ra Tqma unda, drois cvlilebebi aseve 

dardeba erTmaneTs. 

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zogierTi Sedegebi (naxati ruka 1) 

mdinaris dinebis xarisxis maCveneblebi 

saukeTeso (8-10) (1) 

kargi (6-8) (13) 

saSualo (4-6) (30) 

mokrZalebuli (2-4) (11) 

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155 



cudi (0) 

ver gamoiyeneba (0) 

naxati ruka 2) 



kargi (6-8) (6) 

saSualo (4-6) (20) 


cudi (0) 





kargi (6-8) (16) 

saSualo (4-6) (21) 


cudi (1) 


155

156 






kargi (6-8) (14) 

saSualo (4-6) (27) 


cudi (0) 





kargi (6-8) (10) 

saSualo (4-6) (25) 


cudi (0) 


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zemoTmoyvanili 5 ruka (2002 wlis safrangeTis garemos mdgomareobis angariSi) aCvenebs 

agregirebul RQGI , yvela mdinareebs (marcxniv), 55 aRwerili auzisaTvis da RQGI day<strong>of</strong>ilia 

oTxi zomis klasebad (marcxena, marjvena, zeda, qveda; udidesi, didi, saSualo da patara 

mdinareebi). 

qveda marjvena ruka gamoxatavs inglisSi da uelsSi wylis indeqsebis cvlilebas, 

TiToeul auzze, wylebis fosforiT dabinZurebis gaTvaliswinebiT. ferebis speqtri asaxavs 

gaumjobesebas (lurji) an degradacias (wiTeli). 

rukebi 

meore, marjvena naxati asaxavs mdinaris xarisxis paterns irlandiis respublikaSi, raSic 

igulisxmeba biologiuri xarisxi. paternebi gulisxmobs, rom lokaluri danbinZureba aris 

mizezi miRebuli Seusabamobisa kargi xarisxis maCveneblebTan. aman SeiZleba gaaadvilos 

orientacia da Semdgomi moqmedebis gegmebi. 

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literatura 

Heldal J, Osthal T. 1984 “wylis xarisxis da wylios resursebis sipnoptiuri monitoringi. 

populaciuri da nimuSobrivi modgomis SeTavazeba”. Statistical Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> United Nations. vol 

ECE2.pp.393-406 

Crouzet P., Germain C., Le gall G., 1999, Les Comptes de la qualite des cours d’eau. Mise en oeuvre d’une methode 

somplifiee de calcul.developpements sn cours. Orleans. Institu francais de l’environnement, 70 p. (coll. Etudes et 

Travaux, 25) 

European Environment Agency, 2001. wylis daTvlis meTodologiis scdeli gamoyeneba mdinaris 

xarisxis globaluri indeqsis dasaTvlelad, (inglisi da uelsi, safrangeTi, irlandiis 

respublika, slovenia). kopenhageni, EEA aris: wylis daTvlis meTodologiis scdeli 

gamoyeneba mdinaris xarisxis globaluri indeqsis dasaTvlelad. CDpRom par Beture-Cerec 2001. 



Institute Francais de l;Environnement 

61, boulevard Alexandre Martin 

F 45058 Orleans Cedex 1, FRANCE 

Tel ++ 33 238 79 78 78/Fax ++33 238 79 78 70/E-mail philippe.crouzet@ifen.fr 


wylis xarisxis modelireba mdinare texoSi (portugalia) 


wylis xarisxis analizi ZiriTad mdinareSi 

zewolis tipi: 

wylis xarisxi SenakadebSi da gadatana wertilovani wyaroebidan 


wylis xarisxis modeli adaptirebuli mdinaris simulaciidan iyo nakadis wylis xarisxis 

gaumjobesebuli modeli – Enhanced Stream Water Quality Model QUAL2E model (EPA,1987) 


dinebebisa da wylis xarisxis Sesaxeb informacia da monacemebi aRebulia Networks Monitoringdan. 

gadatanebi wertilovani wyaroebidan (urbanuli narCeni wyali da ZiriTadi 

industriebi). 

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meTodologia da gamoyeneba 

mdinare texos auzi erTerTi udidesia Iberian Peninsula_Si da moicavs 80629 km² farTobs; 

aqedan 55 769 km² (69%) espaneTSia xolo 24 869 km² (31%) ki portugaliaSi. mdinaris sigrZea 230 

km portugaliis teritoriaze da igi Caedineba atlantis okeaneSi, qalaq lisabonSi gavlis 

Semdeg. 

bolo wlebSi bunebrivi reJimi Seicvala da dineba espaneTidan mniSvnelovnad Semcirda 

didi raodenobiT rezervuarebis aSenebisa da wylis gazrdili moTxovnilebis gamo. amis 

Sedegad, wylis xarisxis maxasiaTeblebi auzis SigniT aseve mniSvnelovnad Seicvala axlo 

warsulis ganmavlobaSi anTropogenuri qmedebebis Sedegad. 

sasmeli wylis produqciis TvalsazrisiT lisabonis udidesi nawili da ramodenime 

municipaliteti texos qvemo regionSi populaciiT 2 milionze meti adamiani, maragdeba 

ramodenime wylis zedapiruli abstraqciiT. udidesi socialuri, ekologiuri da 

ekonomikuri mniSvnelobis gamo, texos wyalSemkrebi auzi Seiswavleba dabinZurebis 

relevanturi wertilovani da arawertilovani wyaroebis saidentifikaciod, raTa moxdes 

wylis xarisxisa da misi sxvadasxva mizniT gamoyenebis adeqvaturobis Sefaseba. yvela am 

informaciis arsebobisas SesaZlebelia wylis xarisxis evoluciis simulirebis modelis 

kalibracia, sxvadasxva scenarebisa, hidrologiuri kondiciebis da polutantebis 

gadatanisaTvis. 

wylis xarisxis ramodenime modeli iyo gamokvleuli mdinare texosTan Sesaferisobaze. 

wylis xarisxis modeli adaptirebuli mdinaris simulaciisaTvis aris QUAL2E modeli (EPA, 

1987), romelic iTvleba ufro adeqvaturad programis miznebisa da arsebuli 

monacemebisaTvis. 

mdinaris kvleva Catarebulia Semdeg farglebSi: mdinaris saTave da misi SesarTavis 

dasawyisi (sistemis bolo elementi), am monakverTis sigrZea 150 km. arCeuli iqna 2 km 

sigrZis raodenobrivi erTeuli, sakmarisi mdinaris gaswvrivi sivrciTi detalebis 

aRsawerad. mdinaris sakvlev nawilSi aris ori damba – frateli da belveri. maTi 

hidravlikuri maxasiaTeblebis da operacionaluri kondiciebis gamo isini ganixileba 

rogorc segmenti, sadac nakadi aris erTganzomilebiani da ar ganicdis stratifikacias. 

fiziografiuli monacemebi emyareba gadamkveT pr<strong>of</strong>ilebs ganxiluls 1970 –ian wlebSi. 

informacia da monacemebi nakadze miRebulia sasmeli wylis qselis monitoringidan 

(Freshwater Network Monitoring). naxati 1 asaxavs mdinaris monakveTebs da gamosaTvlel 

elementebs. aseve gamoxatulia ganxiluli 25 wertilovani gadatana da dambebis 

lokalizacia. 

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naxati 1. mdinaris monakveTebi, gamosaTvleli elementebi da 25 ganxiluli wertilovani 

gadatanis wyaro, dambebis lokalizacia. 

amJamad texos wyalSemkreb auzSia ris 50 wylis nimuSebis xarisxis sadguri, romlebic 

nimuSebs Seiswavlis yovelTviurad. mdinare texos modeli sawyis monacemad iyenebs 

gamovlenil wylis xarisxs sagduridan, romelic ganlagebulia nacionalur sazRvarze 

(modelSi SesarTavis wyali) da sistemis bolo elementis wyali (SesarTavis dasawyisi). 

QUAL2E SeuZlia CarTos algoriTmSi fiqsirebuli dinebis mimarTulebis koncentraciis 

komponentebi. rodesac pirdapiri dakvirvebis Sedegebi ar aris, ganisazRvreba Sida dinebebi 

da wylis xarisxTan asocirebuli koncentraciebi. am dinebebis savaraudo maCveneblebi 

Seqmnilia mdinaris nimuSebis sadgurebis lokalizaciaze dafuZnebuli segmentebis 

hidrologiuri balansiT. nutrientebis koncentracia nakadebSi romlebic Sedian mdinareSi, 

ganisazRvreba monacemTa arsebobisas. 

mdinare texos modelis kalibracia iyenebs prototipul dakvirvebebs wylis xarisxisa 

nimuSebis cxra sadgurze. wliuri saSualo da zafxulis saSualo maCveneblebi SeirCeva 

hidrologiuri da klimaturi reJimebis gamosaxvisaTvis. xdeba simulireba zafxulis 

maxasiaTeblebisa nakadis dabali kondiociebiT, rac saSualebas iZleva mdinaris qcevis 

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gaanalizebisa yvelaze cudi pirobebis SemTxvevaSi narCeni wylebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is da sistemaSi 

polutantebis gazrdili gadatanis pirobebSi. kalibraciuli monacemebis ramodenime nakrebi 

arsebobs, romelic Seesatyviseba sazafxulo specifiur maCveneblebs hidrologiuri 

kondiciebis variabelobis warmosadgenad. 

Sedegebi 

gamoyenebuli iqna nakadis arxis hidravlikuri maxasiaTeblebis geometriuli gamosaxva. 

nakadis siCqareebi da dinebebi determinirebuli modeliT, miCneuli iyo Sesaferisad 

mdinare texos gamosaxvisaTvis. mdinaris pirveli 50 km farglebSi arsebuli ori damba 

pasuxismgebelia gamovlenil dabal siCqareebze. 

naxatebze 2 da 3 ilustrirebulia QUAL2E-s mdinare texoze gamoyenebis Sedegebi zafxulis 

pirobebisaTvis. Sedegebi gaanalizebulia eqspluataciis procesSi gazomvebis, mdinaris 

mTavari gamoyenebebis gaTvaliswinebiT da SedarebiT wylis xarisxis maCveneblebisa 

nacionalur da saerTaSoriso kanonmdeblobasTan. kalibraciuli Tanmimdevroba xarisxis 

cvladebisaTvis iyo temperatura, gaxsnili Jangbadi, BOD, fosfatebi, nitratebi, da 

amoniumi. kalibraciis Sedegebi Cveulebriv kargi iyo, amoniumis gamoklebiT. 

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naxati 2. QUAL2E produqciisa da texos samplingis (nimuSebis Seswavlis) sadgurebis 

monacemebis Sedareba. 

temperatura (ºC) 

OD (mg/l) 

BOD 5 (mg/l) 

NH4_N mg/l) 

NO3_N 9mg/l) 

P2O5_P (mg/l) 

distancia (km) 

parametrebisaTvis miRebuli pr<strong>of</strong>ilebi (naxati 3) asaxavs aqtualur zegavlenas wylis 

xarisxze dabinZurebis sxvadasxva wyaroebidan, romlebic moqmedeben mdinare texoze. 

espaneTSi arsebuli didi rezervuarebi garkveul gavlenas axdenen BOD Semcirebis saxiT, 

Tumca nutrientebis didi raodenoba uwineburad aRwevs sazRvars. amis Sedegad ziandeba 

ori rezervuari nacionalur nawilSi, romelTac ukve aqvT eutr<strong>of</strong>ikaciis problemebi. 

meores mxriv, nacionalur auzSic aris garkveuli problemebi, gansakuTrebiT zegavlena 

qaRaldis industriisa da mdinareebisa zezere da nabao, romelTac aqvT reprezentatiuli 

nakadi. aseve, ori mniSvnelovani Senakadi – mdinareebi almonda da alvieda mniSvnelovan 

wvlils amateben dabinZurebas romelic mdinare texos auzis ufro qveda nawilebs exeba. 

naxati 3. QUAL2E pr<strong>of</strong>ilebi GIS rukebis gamoyenebiT 

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temperatura (ºC) 

gaxsnili Jangbadi (mg/l) 

NH4_N (mg/l) 

BOD 5 (mg/l) 

NO3_N 9mg/l) 

P2O5_P (mg/l) 

literatura 

Cartaxpo L., (1987), Estimativa das cargas de Poluicao Produziadas pela Iindustria Transformadora n aAdministracao 

da Regiao Hidrografica na Bacia do Tejo, Secretaria de Estado do Ambiene e dos Recursos Naturalis, Ministerio do 

Plano e Admistracao do Territorio. 

garemos dacvis saagento, (1987), wylis nakadis xarisxis gaumjobesebuli modelebi QUAL2E 

da QUAL2E-UNCAS – dokumentacia da samomxmareblo modeli, aTeni. jorjia, aSS 

INAG, Instituto da Agua (1994), INSB-Inventario Nacional de saneamento Basico (dados nao publicados), Direccao de 

Servicos de Planeamento, Lisboa 

INAG, Instituto da Agua (1995), Bacia Hidrografia Tejo – Avaliacao de Recursos Hidricos, vertsao preliminar, Direccao 

Geral dos Recursos Hidricos, Lisboa 

Orlob T. Gerald (1983) wylis xarisxis maTematikuri modelireba: nakadebi, tbebi da 

rezervuarebi, Wiley-Interscience Publication, International Series on Applied Systems Analysis, John Wiley & Sons 


felisbina kuadrado (binaq@inag.pt) da fernanda gomeSi (fernandag@inag.pt) 

Instituto da Agua, Direccao de Servicos Recursos Hidricos 

Av. Almirante Gago Coutinho, 30-1000, Lisbon, Portugal 

Tel:++ 351 21 8430352/92 Fax: ++ 351 21 8409218 


kriteriumebi mniSvnelovani zewolebis gamosakvlevad da maTi zegavlenis Sesafaseblad EU 

komisiisadmi angariSis Cabarebis mizniT; - germaniis wylis mdgomareobis samuSao jgufis 

strategiuli dokumenti (LAWA) –(germania) 


wylis xarisxis statusi da cvlileba (eutr<strong>of</strong>ikuli da saprobiuli statusi, toqsiuroba, 

gaTboba), arealis cvlileba, hidrologiuri reJimis cvlileba 

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zewolis tipi: 

wertilovani wyaroebi, difuzuri wyaroebi, wylis dinebis regulacia, morfologiuri 

cvlilebebi, siTbos miReba 


emisiebis da wylis obieqtis statusis Sesaxeb arsebuli monacemebis analizi, zRvruli 

maCveneblebi da difuzuri wyaroebisaTvis balansis modelebi; zegavlenaTa analizi 

damyarebuli xarisxis maCveneblebze da zRvrul mniSvnelobebze, saeqsperto codna 


emisiebis Sesaxeb monacemebi (komunaluri narCeni wylis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a, industriuli narCeni 

wylis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a), miwis moxmarebis maCveneblebi, wylis obieqtis statusis monacemebi 

(fizikur-qimiuri gazomvebi, wylis xarisxis monacemebi da wylis obieqtis struqturebi), 

monacemebi wylis abstraqciis Sesaxeb. 


mniSvnelovani zewolebis gamokvlevisa da maTi zegavlenebis Sefasebis mizniT germaniaSi, 

wylis saxelmwifo samuSao jgufis mier (State Working Group on Water) SemuSavebuli iqna 

strategiuli dokumenti (LAWA). mizani aris efeqturi procedura, romelzec aris 

SeTanxmebuli qveyana, reestris SesamuSaveblad wylis CarCo direqtivis danarTi II-is 

Sesabamisad, 2004 wlis bolosaTvis. pirveli aRwerisaTvis strategiuli dokumenti 

orientirebulia azriani da stabiluri monacemebis arsebobaze. Tu ufro farTo aRwera 

iqneba saWiro, ufro detaluri monacemebi iqneba sWiro da Tu saWiroa, Segrovdeba 

lokalurad. 

cxrili 1: monacemebi, romlebic unda Segrovdes sxvadasxva zewolebisaTvis 

zewolebi 

kriteriumebi 

wertilovani wyaroebi 

• narCeni wylebs gamwmendi saxelmwifo 

danadgarebi >2000 PE (amoRebuli 

urbanuli narCeni wylebis 

damuSavebis direqtividan) 

• industriuli pirdapiri gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 

wylis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is wliuri moculoba 

populacia (P) da populaciuri 

eqvivalentebi (PE) 

nivTierebebis gadatana germaniis 

narCeni wylis direqtivis danarTi I 

Tanaxmad 

prioritetuli nivTierebebis wliuri 

gadatana, xarisxis maCvenebelTa 

direqtivis nivTierebebi, da mdinaris 

auzisaTvis specifiuri nivTierebebi, 

imdenad, ramdenadac es nivTierebebi 

limitirebulia wylis direqtivebiT 

sistemebis damtkiceba IPPC direqtivis 

tanaxmad = polutantebs EPER Tanaxmad 

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165 

• wvimis wylis/kombinirebuli narCeni 

wylis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 

• gamoy<strong>of</strong>a siTbos gacemiT 

• marilis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 



mcenareebis wliuri gadatana IPPC 

direqtivis Tanaxmad angariSis 

aucileblobiT: mosazreba zRvrul zomaze 

26 nivTierebis wliuri gadatanisaTvis 

(cxrili 1: zRvruli zomebi; EPER) 

prioritetuli nivTierebebis wliuri 

gadatana, xarisxis maCvenebelTa 

direqtivis nivTierebebi, da mdinaris 

auzisaTvis specifiuri nivTierebebi, 

imdenad, ramdenadac es nivTierebebi 

limitirebulia wylis direqtivebi 

sakvebis industriis saSualebebi >4000 EP 

narCeni wylis gamoy<strong>of</strong>a urbanuli 

zonebidan > 10 km² 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>a siTbos gacemiT > 10 MW 

gamoy<strong>of</strong>a > 1 kg/s chloride 

difuzuri wyaroebi 

ar aris jer sabolood 

gansazRvruli, koordinireba 

kriteriumebtan miwisqveSa wylis 

obieqtebisaTvis safrTxis Sesaxeb 

wylis abstraqcia abstraqcia recirkulaciis gareSe > 

50 l/s 


hidromorfologiuri darRvevebi 

procedura mcire/ saSualo zomis 

wylis obieqtebisaTvis: 

- parametri”anTropogenuri 

barierebi” (nakadis arealis 

mimoxilva): ≥ 6 

- parametri “ukudineba” =7 

an zogadi proceduris Tanaxmad: 

- gadaulaxavi anTropogenuri 

barierebi da ukudineba 

damyarebulia mdinaris arealis 

mimoxilvis monacemebze an msgavs 

kvlevebze: 

“wylis obieqtis kalapotis dinamika” 

struqturuli klasiT 6 da 7 

mniSvnelovani zewolebis dadgenis mizniT, wylis CarCo direqtiva miuTiTebs, romeli 

nivTierebebi da nivTierebaTa jgufebi unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli. zogierT SemTxvevaSi 

monacemebi, romlebic ukve Sevsebulia sxva direqtivebis safuZvelze (mag, komunaluri 

narCeni wylis direqtivebi) SeiZleba iqnas gamoyenebuli. cxrili 1 aCvenebs ra informacia 

unda Segrovdes ssvadasxva zewolebisaTvis. 

emisiis monacemebis garda, unda iqnas Seswavlili monacemebi wylis obieqtis statusis 

Sesaxeb, miRebuli garemos mimoxilvis Sedegad. pirveladi monacemevbi wylis obieqtis 

statusis Sesaxeb unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sefasebisas da 

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unda iyos gansjili xarisxis moTxovnebis da agregaciis kriteriumebis Sesabamisad. 

rogirc wesi, germaniaSi, es monacemebi warmodgenilia sivrciTi simWidroviT, romelic 

emTxveva xarisxis aspeqtebs da zegavlenis adgils. Tu es arasakmarisia, aucilebelia 

Sefaseba modeliT dadgenili zewolebisa. imis albaTobis gansazRvra, rom kargi 

ekologiuri da qimiuri kondiciebis miRweva ver moxerxdeba dakvirvebis periodis 

ganmavlobaSi, unda gakeTdes kriteriumebis Tanaxmad, romlebic warmodgenilia cxrilSi 2. 

cxrili danarTi 2: zegavlenaTa SefasebisaTvis aucilebeli informacia 

indikatori 

zRvruli maCveneblebi 

lpobis (saprobiuli) 

statusi 

tr<strong>of</strong>ikis statusi 

fizikoqimiuri 

nivTierebebi 

gaTboba 

marilianoba 

> 30% nakadis CarCoSi > nacionaluri biologiuri xarisxis done 

(aq: biologiuri xarisxis done II) 

>30% nakadis CarCoSi > nacionaluri xarisxis done (aq: tr<strong>of</strong>ikis 

klasi > II, Sefaseba emyareba nitratis (N > 6 mg/l) da fosfatis (P > 

0,2 mg/l) koncentracias 50 %ile 

aWarbebs xarisxis arsebul moTxovnebs an xarisxis kriteriumebs 

evrogaerTianebis 76/464/EEC direqtivisa da codnas prioritetuli 

nivTierebebis Semcvelobaze 

evrogaerTianebis Tevzebis sicocxlis direqtivis mixedviT: 

- maqs. wliuri temperatura: >21.5 ºC (oragulisebrTa 


- maqs. zamTris temperatura >10 ºC (oragulisebrTa 


- maqsimaluri dasaSvebi gaTboba: 1.5 K (oragulisebrTa 

wylis obieqti), 3.0 K (kobrisebrTa wylis obieqti) 

saSualo: Cl= 400 mg/l 

morfologia • wylis arealis Seswavla – mimoxilvis meTodi: mdinaris 

distanciis 30%-ze meti menejmentis erTeulis SigniT 

mimoixileba struqturuli xarisxis klasebiT 6 an 7 

nawilisaTvis “mdinaris kalapoti (rac Sedgeba Semdegi 

parametrebisagan: 

- daklakniloba 

- napiris fiqsacia 

- anTropogenuri barierebi 

- wylis dinebis regulacia 

- napiris mcenareuloba 

• mdinaris uwyvetobis darRveva (anTropogenuri barierebi, 

ukudineba) > 30% nakadis qselis 

literatura 

“Kriterien zur Ehrebung von signifikanten Belastungen und Beurteilung ihrer Auswirkungen und zur termingerschten und 

aussagerkraftigen Berichterstattung an die EU-Kommission”, germaniis wylis mdgomareobis samuSao 

jgufis strategiuli dokumenti (LAWA), 2002; ena: germanuli 

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Germany, Landerarbeitsgemeinschaft Wasser (www.lawa.de) 

amJamad <strong>of</strong>isis misamarTia: Niedersachsisches Umweltministerium,Archivstraße 2,30169 Hannover 

lawa@mu.niedersachsen.de 


SemTxvevis ganxilva „Große Aue“ – mdinaris auzis menejmentis gegmis SemuSaveba 

wyalSemkrebi auzisaTvis „Große Aue“ mdinare veseris auzis raionis SigniT 

zewolis tipi: 

urbanuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a, miwis gamoyeneba, wylis nakadis regulacia 


urbanuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a, miwis gamoyeneba: gazrdili gadatanebi, saprobiuli statusis cvlileba 

wylis dinebis regulacia: morfologiuri cvlilebebi, migraciuli barierebi 


urbanuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a, miwis gamoyeneba: wylis gamwmendi danadgarebis da kombinirebuli 

wvimis wylis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is monitoringi, CORINE mcenareuli safaris monacemTa Sefaseba. 

kombinirebuli Sefaseba wertilovani wyaroebis da difuzuri wyaroebis azotisa da 

fosforis arsebobaze masis balansis modelis statistikur meTodad gamoyenebiT 

(MOBINEG). 

wylis dinebis regulacia: mdinaris arealis mimoxilvis ori gza. 


urbanuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a: monacemTa wyaroebi: StUA (garemos uflebamosili organo) MmindenSi 

(CrdiloeT reini-vestfalia); mTavroba (regionaluri mTavroba) hanoverSi (qvemo saqsonia): 

• TviTkontroli monacemTa nakrebiT romelic damokidebulia wylis gamwmendi 

danadgarebis zomaze; 

• <strong>of</strong>icialurad kontroldeba weliwadSi 4-jer 

miwis gamoyeneba: monacemTa wyaroebi: statistikis federaluri saagento, romelic emyareba 

monacemebs: 

• CrdiloeT reini-vestfaliis sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo administraciisa; 

• qvemo saqsoniis sas<strong>of</strong>losameurneo administraciisa. 

wylis dinebis regulacia: mdinaris arealis mimoxilva 

• mdinaris arealis mimoxilva CrdiloeT reini-vestfaliaSi: operacionaluri 

detaluri Sefaseba; damyarebuli lokalizaciis codnaze; masStabi 100m 

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• mdinaris arealis mimoxilva qvemo saqsoniaSi: ganxilvis meTodi; damyarebulia 

rukebze, haeridan xedze, Segrovebul monacemebze; masStabi:1000 m. 


wylis CarCo direqtivis implementaciis am piloturi proeqtis mizani iyo: 

• mamoZravebeli Zalebisa da zewolebis gamokvleva wyalSemkreb auzSi „Große Aue“ 

(CrdiloeT germaniis dablobebi) zedapiruli da miwisqveSa wylis obieqtebisaTvis; 

• gazomvis programis magaliTis Seqmna ekologiuri statusis samizne maCveneblebis 

misaRwevad; 

• monacemTa mowodebis, organizaciisa da interpretaciisaTvis saorientacio 

instruqciis Seqmna. 

mTavar zewolebad identificirebuli iqna urbanuli gamoy<strong>of</strong>a (wertilovani wyaroebi), 

miwis gamoyeneba (difuzuri wyaroebi) da wylis dinebis regulacia. wertilovani da 

difuzuri wyaroebis rolis Sefaseba nutrientebis – azotis da fosforis SetanaSi 

zedapirul wylebSi, gamoyenebuli iyo masis dabalansebuli modeli MOBINEG. am meTodiT 

mkafiod SeiZleba gamoisaxos wyaroebis efeqtebi: 

naxati 1. N-gadatana wertilovani da difuzuri wyaroebidan mdinaris „Große 

Aue”wyalSemkreb auzSi 

N-gadatana t/a 

wertilovani wyaroebi 

difuzuri wyaroebi 

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difuzuri gamoy<strong>of</strong>is TvalsazrisiT miwis damuSavebuli teritoriebi warmoadgenen ZiriTad 

wyaroebs. zedapiruli wylis obieqtebSi azotis difuzuri gamoy<strong>of</strong>is 90% modis miwis 

damuSavebul teritoriebze. 

naxati 2. cnobili difuzuri wyaroebis procentuli ganawileba N-gadatanis TvalsazrisiT 

mdinare „Große Aue”wyalSemkreb auzSi 

damuSavebuli miwa 87% 

mindvrebi 4% 

tye 2% 

s<strong>of</strong>lebi 0,22 % 

pirdapiri gamoy<strong>of</strong>a 2% 

erozia 5% 

„Große Aue” SemTxvevis Seswavlis procesSi Catarda mdinaris „Große Aue” florisa da faunis 

gamokvlevebi da aseve sxva kvlevebic. arsebuli kompozicia saxeobebisa miuTiTebs garkveul 

naklebobaze adgilobrivi saxeobebisa da migratori Tevzebisa, rac Sedegia mdinaris 

uwyvetobis darRvevisa da hidromorfologiuri cvlilebebisa (nakadis regulacia, 

wyaldidobebisagan dacva). mdinaris arealis mimoxilvis Sedegebi rukis saxiT aris 

warmodgenili da Seicavs aseve informacias migraciuli barierebis Sesaxeb. 

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naxati 3. mdinaris arealis mimoxilvis Sedegebi 

germaniaSi mniSvnelovani zewolebis Seswavlisa da maTi zegavlenebis Sefasebis mizniT 

wylis saxelmwifo samuSao jgufma (LAWA) SeimuSava efeqturi strategiuli dokumenti. 

mizani aris efeqturi procedura, romelic aris SeTanxmebuli yvela qveynis mier, reestris 

SesamuSaveblad wylis CarCo direqtivis danarTi II-is Sesabamisad, 2004 wlis bolosaTvis. 

pirveladi 

monacemebi wylis obieqtis statusis Sesaxeb (saprobiuli statusi, tr<strong>of</strong>ikuli statusi, 

fizikur-qimiuri nivTierebebi, wylis obieqtis struqtura) unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli 

zewolaTa da zegavlenaTa Sefasebisas da unda iyos gansjili xarisxis moTxovnebis da 

agregaciis kriteriumebis Sesabamisad. strategiuli dokumentis sacdeli gamoyeneba ukve 

moxda pilotur proeqtebSi “Große Aue”. 

literatura 

Kurzfassung “Modellhafte Erstellung eines Bewirtschaftungsplanes am Beispeil des Teileinzugsgebietes Große Aue im 

Flussgebeit Wester. Tebervali 2001, ena: germanuli 

http://www.bezirksregierung-hannover.de/0,,C40033_N5205_L20,00.html 


Bezirksregierung Hannover, Lower saxony, Am Waterlooplatz 11; 30169 

Hannover, GERMANY; e-mail: dezernatspostfach-502@br-h.niedersachen.de 

sakontaqto pirebi: Hans-Wilhelm Thieding, phone: .. 49-(0)511-106-7792, Jens Becker, phone: .. 49-(0)511-106- 

7784, Fax:.. 49-(0)511-106-7586 

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piloturi proeqti “Sua reini”: mdinaris auzis menejmentis gegmis SemuSaveba 


arealis cvlilebebi, hidrologiuri reJimis mod<strong>of</strong>ikaciebi 

zewolis tipi: 

difuzuri wyaroebi, wylis nakadis regulacia, morfologiuri cvlilebebi 


emisiis da wylis obieqtis statusis Sesaxeb arsebuli monacemebis analizi, dabalansebis 

modelebi, zegavlenaTa analizi xarisxis maCveneblebze da zRvrul mniSvnelobebze 

dayrdnobiT, saeqsperto codna. 


wylis obieqtis statusis monacemebi (fizikur-qimiuri sazomebi, wylis xarisxi da wylis 

obieqtis struqtura), monacemebi wylis abstraqciaze, wylebis struqturuli statusi 


mniSvnelovani zewolebis Seswavlisa da maTi zegavlenebis Sefasebis mizniT LAWA –jgufma 

germaniaSi SeimuSava efeqturi strategiuli dokumenti (ix. wina magaliTebi arsebuli 

praqtikisa). LAWA –kriteriumebis Sesatyvisi “Sua reinis proeqti” germaniis federaluri 

erTeulis Hesse-s da Rhineland-Palatinate-s magaliTze, reestris gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebuli 

wylis CarCo direqtivis danarTi II mixedviT, iqneba mocemuli 2004 wlis bolosaTvis. naxati 

1 asaxavs proeqtSi ganxilul wyalSemkreb teritorias. 

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naxati 1. “Sua reinis” wyalkSemkrebi auzi 

arniSnul proeqtSi zogierTi LAWA kriteriumi da maTi kombinacia wertilovan da 

difuzur wyaroebTan dakavSirebiT testirebuli iqna 10km2 erTeulebis bazaze. difuzuri 

wyaroebis magaliTebi: 

• damuSavebuli miwa > 50% (arsebuli monacemi ganxilvis procesSia) 

• urbanuli mowa > 15% 

• specialuri marcvleulis miwa >5% 

• damuSavebuli miwa > 50% da urbanuli miwa > 15% 

• damuSavebuli miwa > 50% da specialuri marcvleulis miwa > 5% 

• specialuri marcvleulis miwa > 5% da urbanuli miwa > 15% 

naxati 2 aCvenebs mniSvnelovan teritoriebs. 

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naxati 2. difuzuri wyaroebis TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovani adgilebi “Sua reinis” 

wyalSemkreb auzSi. 

emisiis monacemebTan erTad ganixileboda sxva arsebuli monacemebi wylis obieqtis 

statusis Sesaxeb (garemos kvlevisas miRebuli). zegavlenaTa Sesafaseblad pirveladi 

monacemebi wylis obieqtis statusis Sesaxeb iqna gamoyenebuli. testirebuli iqna LAWA-s 

wina kriteriumebi mdinaris ganxiluli distanciebis morfologiasTan mimarTebaSi (nakadis 

arealis mimoxilva – germaniis mcire da saSualo zomis wylebis meTodi; LAWA 2000)): 

• struqturuli xarisxis klasi > 4 Tavisufal landSaftze (adaptirebuli iqna 3-dan 

4-mde) 

• struqturuli xarisxis klasi > 5 urbanul adgilebSi. 

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naxati 3: raodenoba mdinaris ganxiluli distanciebisa struqturuli xarisxis klasi > 4 

Tavisufal landSaftze an struqturuli xarisxis klasi > 5 urbanul adgilebSi “Sua 

reinis” wyalSemkreb auzSi. 

literatura 

piloturi proeqti “Sua reinis mdinaris auzis menejmenti”: germanuli federaluri 

erTeulis Hesse da Rhineland-Palatinate, saerTo proeqtis angariSi, (drafti). 

Pilotprojekt “Bewirtschaftungsplan Mittelrhein”, 2. Statusbericht, Teile A und B, Entwurf vom 30.04.2002. 

Gemeinschaftsprojekt der Landen hessen und Rheinland-Pfalz, Federfuhrung: Regierungsprasidium Giessen, 

Geschaftsstelle Pilotprojekt „Bewirtschaftungsplan Mittelrhein“. ena: germanuli 


Germany, Regierungsprasidium Gießen, Abt. Staatliches Umweltamt Wetzlar 

Geschaftsstelle Pilotprojekt „Bewirtschaftungsplan Mittelrhein“ 

Schanzenfeldstraße 10/12 

D-35578 Wetzlar 

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