» TEST & QUALITY
» TEST & QUALITY ASSURANCE The x-ray image chain of the X Line 3D consists of a maintenancefree micro-focus X-ray source and several line detectors. Only the printed circuit board is moved in X and Y for image acquisition. The X-ray source is mounted on a Z-axis. The line detector package is not moved Source: Göpel electronic Source: Göpel electronic Three independent chambers in the system allow image acquisition and post-processing (reconstruction, saving measured values, MES and so on) to take place in parallel- saving cycle time Source: Göpel electronic Human-machine interaction Human operators will certainly continue to be required in 2022, as the enhanced human-machine concept demonstrates. Consisting of light bars integrated into the system‘s external design in the corners of the exterior cladding, these enable operators to check the statuses of various systems easily and quickly and even from a distance. This helps operators to react quickly and avoid a line stoppage. In basic operating modes, static colours are used to indicate if machine is checking, waiting, is in service mode or has a fault. In the event of an error, a distinction is also made between the left and right sides of the machine. If there is a problem with the PCB infeed on the lefthand side, it lights up red. A lack of material in the infeed or a PCB jam in the outfeed is also signalled using coloured lights. In addition to static colours, certain functions are also represented by animations. The x-ray source warm-up is indicated by a progress bar, for example. The results of the last ten inspected assemblies can also, for instance, be displayed in statistical form (see image to the left). Source: Göpel electronic Time is money. The integrated light bars help to detect problems from a distance. This helps to avoid downtime The radiation dose (kerma air) is calculated in grays in the offline programming software Pilot AXI as soon as the test programme is created Lower radiation exposure Reducing the time that components are exposed to radiation is becoming increasingly important. The X Line 3D tries to keep radiation exposure low in several ways. Firstly, low-energy radiation components that do not directly contribute to imaging are reduced via filters in front of the x-ray source. Secondly, the assembly is transported out of the beam path onto another belt module directly after the image has been acquired in order to avoid unnecessary radiation. Thirdly, the fact that the image acquisition process has very short exposure time minimises the dwell time of the test specimen in the beam path. This further reduces the components‘ radiation dose. The offline programming software Pilot AXI has an inte- 42 EPP Europe » 11 | 2022
Zusammenfassung Röntgensysteme müssen an Bedingungen wie zunehmende Miniaturisierung, hohe Durchsätze in Verbindung mit engeren Produktionsprozessen angepasst werden, um auch in Zukunft eine große Rolle im Bereich der Bauteilinspektion zu spielen Résumé Les systèmes à rayons X doivent être adaptés à des conditions telles que la miniaturisation croissante, les débits élevés associés à des processus de production plus serrés, afin de continuer à jouer un rôle majeur dans le domaine de l’inspection des composants. Резюме Рентгеновские системы необходимо адаптировать к таким условиям, как растущая миниатюризация и высокая производительность в сочетании со сжатыми производственными процессами, чтобы они и в будущем продолжали играть большую роль в области проверки компонентов. AXI systems are connected to MES by our own software team during delivery (see images below). Conclusion Since the first manual and automatic X-ray systems found their way into electronics manufacturing, the industry has experienced enormous technological leaps forward. While system performance continues to improve, test specimens are becoming ever more miniaturised and thus more difficult to inspect using conventional methods. Additionally, high throughputs and more closely-timed production processes call for a tighter framework. X-ray systems such as the X Line 3D have been specifically adapted to these conditions and will play a major role in component inspection in the future. Electronica, Booth A3.351 www.goepel.com grated calculation tool for calculating the radiation dose (see lower image on p.50). Common defect display The test results and measured values generated by the AXI are stored in a central database. These can be used by humans to classify the defect as well as to help optimise the entire process. Göpel‘s Pilot Connect software is at the heart of the central data storage. Here, the date from the SPI, AOI and AXI are merged together and can be jointly displayed on the verification station Pilot Verify. Devices from other manufacturers can also be connected. The evaluation of automatically detected anomalies is taken into account to avoid common error displays. Source: Göpel electronic Combined SPI, AOI, AXI fault representation of a lean solder joint. Left: overview image of the PCB with marking of the defect position by crosshairs; middle: SPI, AOI, AXI image of the faulty component; right: SPI, AOI, AXI detailed image of the individual solder joint including good comparison image, additionally, an AXI/AOI error image in different oblique views EPP Europe » 11 | 2022 43 1794036-3.indd 1 06.10.22 10:04
