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inability to make the archives available off-si<strong>de</strong>.<br />
Emulation<br />
Emulation is a software solution. Emulation software simulates a certain software configuration<br />
so that the production can be shown on a differ<strong>en</strong>t, mostly newer <strong>de</strong>vice. There are a number<br />
of advantages to this method. Off-si<strong>de</strong> disclosure is a possibility if the emulation software<br />
runs on the preval<strong>en</strong>t computers of the time. Another positive is that this method, wh<strong>en</strong> done<br />
properly, avoids the complexities of <strong>de</strong>aling with differ<strong>en</strong>t file formats. Two projects are worth<br />
m<strong>en</strong>tioning: the EC KEEP 1 project and the similar EC Planets 2 project. They both aim at<br />
<strong>de</strong>veloping emulation software that will <strong>en</strong>able archives to make their material available offsi<strong>de</strong>.<br />
The <strong>de</strong>velopm<strong>en</strong>t of emulation software <strong>de</strong>mands a certain expertise and is also quite<br />
exp<strong>en</strong>sive. A further problem is that emulation software itself needs to be upgra<strong>de</strong>d according<br />
to what the preval<strong>en</strong>t hardware configuration is. Finally, emulation takes as its starting point the<br />
i<strong>de</strong>a that the curr<strong>en</strong>t hardware paradigm that is more or less based on the personal computer<br />
will prevail in the following <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>s.<br />
Migration<br />
In this method production are converted to other, more rec<strong>en</strong>t file-types. At pres<strong>en</strong>t this can<br />
be illustrated by the anticipated disappearance of flash as a standard for interactive elem<strong>en</strong>ts<br />
in websites. It is expected that it will be completely replaced by Html5 over the next few<br />
years. Flash will th<strong>en</strong> no longer operate on standard computers. Migration, more easily than<br />
emulation, guarantees functionality on rec<strong>en</strong>t computers and hardware configurations. Off-si<strong>de</strong><br />
accessibility is very conv<strong>en</strong>i<strong>en</strong>t for regular users and does not require further software installation.<br />
The downsi<strong>de</strong>s are that in migration certain functional or visual qualities of productions are<br />
altered and that each production needs to be checked manually for functionality. A further<br />
problem is that there is an <strong>en</strong>ormous quantity of file-types circulating (about 6000), which each<br />
require specific file-conversion procedures. These file-types are oft<strong>en</strong> closely linked to the<br />
specific hardware configuration in which they function and are not always playable on newer<br />
configurations. We must conclu<strong>de</strong> that migration is hardly a viable option for the preservation<br />
of interactive audio-visual materials.<br />
Docum<strong>en</strong>tation<br />
From a cultural heritage perspective docum<strong>en</strong>tation might be a very good option because it<br />
allows us to add context information to the production that would otherwise be lost. Also, there<br />
are no concerns about the functionality of the product since that is not what is aimed for.<br />
Docum<strong>en</strong>tation can take several forms. In its most basic form it can consist of scre<strong>en</strong>shots and<br />
<strong>de</strong>scriptions. More advanced options are to make a walk-through, either of a user <strong>en</strong>gaging the<br />
production or with a voice over of the maker of a production explaining how it works.<br />
Hibernation<br />
Hibernation, finally, is a method of preservation by which the software is stored but it is not<br />
1 http://www.keep-project.eu/ezpub2/in<strong>de</strong>x.php, geraadpleegd 14/5/2012<br />
2 http://www.planets-project.eu/, geraadpleegd 14/5/2012<br />
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