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Hematopoese, Fatores de Crescimento e Aplicação Clínica da ...

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Conclusão<br />

A par <strong>de</strong> um conhecimento mais profundo <strong>da</strong><br />

hematopoese na vi<strong>da</strong> fetal e neonatal e dos fatores<br />

que a regulam, em especial a eritropoetina, chegou-se<br />

a uma nova conceituação e abor<strong>da</strong>gem <strong>da</strong>s anemias<br />

do recém-nascido, entre elas, <strong>da</strong> anemia <strong>da</strong> prematuri<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

Sua etiologia é relaciona<strong>da</strong> em parte às<br />

baixas concentrações <strong>de</strong> eritropoetina sérica observa<strong>da</strong>s<br />

em prematuros. Os riscos associados a transfusão<br />

e o efeito inibidor <strong>da</strong> mesma sobre a produção<br />

<strong>de</strong> eritropoetina levaram a tentativas <strong>de</strong> urilização<br />

<strong>de</strong>ste fator como mais uma medi<strong>da</strong> terapêutica nos<br />

pacientes com anemia <strong>da</strong> prematuri<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Respostas<br />

biológicas foram relata<strong>da</strong>s levando à diminuição <strong>da</strong><br />

necessi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> transfusões em alguns grupos. Estudos<br />

mais amplos vêm sendo realizados, com o intuito <strong>de</strong><br />

tornar mais claro o critério <strong>de</strong> indicação <strong>da</strong> eritropoetina<br />

humana recombinante (rHuEPO) para prevenção<br />

ou tratamento <strong>de</strong>sta doença, importante fator <strong>de</strong> morbi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

em prematuros.<br />

Summary<br />

Hematopoiesis, growth factors and clinical application<br />

of erythropoietin in anemia of prematurity<br />

The authors present a review about hematopoiesis.<br />

They focus initially on stem cell circulation<br />

and its relationship to the many growth factors<br />

during the various stages of blood cell formation<br />

along gestation. Hemoglobin production<br />

along hematopoiesis, erythropoietin characteristics<br />

and regulation are then discussed. Finally,<br />

the physiopathology of neonatal anemia of term<br />

and preterm newborns is reviewed with a brief<br />

discussion of their therapeutic approach, with<br />

emphasis on the anemia of prematurity.<br />

Referências Bibliográficas<br />

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