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1999 - Sociedade Brasileira de Psicologia

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available. But,thereareothergreat<strong>de</strong>velopmentsinworldhistory<br />

which placescompm tive psychology tirmly in acotherlevelof<br />

environmentalprocesses,in which comparativepsycholop hasto<br />

makealiesofsocialpsychology,internatitmalpsychology,political<br />

psycholngjandpeacegsychology.Humanityisfacingacatastrophic<br />

contradictlonbetween thosewhcexploittheplanetto satisfy their<br />

owngreed andthosewhoselifespaceisexploited,leavingthem with<br />

an environment which will not permit survival. Comparative<br />

psychologist.s w101a sense ofsocialresponsibility canno longerplan<br />

todo 'research intheanimal'snattlralhabitat'withcutconsi<strong>de</strong>ringthe<br />

peopleinthatnattlralenvironment.Unfortunately,thesharpeningof<br />

thecontradictionsbetween thevariousforcesofpeedandthosewho<br />

are<strong>de</strong>fenselesshasma<strong>de</strong>comparativepsychology alifethreatening<br />

way to do research. I propose thatthe way for compm tive<br />

psychologytobecomeahealthyadultistoally with theindigentms<br />

peoplesoftheworld whoarefighting tosurvive;toplantousetheir<br />

knowledgeandtechniqnesintheseniceofhelpingthepeopleand in<br />

greservingtheknowledgethattheyhaveabouttheiranimalsand h0w<br />

theyrelatetothem.n isisadifticultand timeconsumingprocess.<br />

But,arenota11processesaimedatgrowthand<strong>de</strong>velopmentdifticult<br />

and timeconsuming?<br />

CoNF2<br />

VULNERABILITYM D RESILENCEIN 'IXEDEVELOPMENTOFCHILDREN<br />

AT RIsK:THE ROLE 0FEARLY M OTHBR-CHILD INTERACTION<br />

Manfred fauc/l(CentralInstituteofMentalHealth,Departmcntof<br />

Child andAdolescentPsychiatryand Psychotherapy)<br />

I<strong>de</strong>ntifyingfactorsrelatedto childmaladjustmenthasbenamajor<br />

focusof<strong>de</strong>velopmentalpsychopathology.Overthepasttwenty years<br />

alarge bodynfrisk research hasindicated thata wi<strong>de</strong> rangeof<br />

characteristicsof a child and his/herenvironmentare associated with<br />

increasedratesofvariousmentalandbehaviouraldisor<strong>de</strong>rs.I<strong>de</strong>ntitied<br />

risk factorsinclu<strong>de</strong>biologicaland psychologicalcharacteristicsofthe<br />

individual such as chronic physical handicaps, severe obstetlic<br />

cemplications,geneticsusceptibility,ordifficulttemperament.n e<br />

list of envirlmmental factors related to higher levels nf child<br />

psychopathology encomp%sescharacteristicsofthe child'sfnmily<br />

such asparentalmentalilness,fnmily discord,poverty,orpcor<br />

parenting.However,although a hostofvariableshasbeen nominated<br />

assetingchildrenatrisk,nonehaveyetbeeni<strong>de</strong>ntiûed thatare00th<br />

highlysensitiveandspeciticforthepredictionoflaterdisor<strong>de</strong>rs.n e<br />

poorpredictive signitkanceofsingle risk factorsisreflected in a<br />

consistentinding of risk research which revealsa large heteroceneity<br />

of<strong>de</strong>velopmentaloutcomesin groupsatrisk.One atemptto improve<br />

prediction hasled to a growing interestin the factors thatmight<br />

enhance crreduce vulnerability oreven protectindividuals atrisk<br />

from having a negativeoutcome.A crucialconceptwhich emerged in<br />

thiscontextisthe constructofresilience.A numberofresearchers<br />

highlightthesijniticanceoftheearlyrelationshipbetweenchildand<br />

caregiverasan lmportantsource of resilience in children atrisk.<br />

n emo<strong>de</strong>ratingroleof8arlymother-childinteractioninpredicting<br />

vulnerability and resilience in children atrisk is<strong>de</strong>monstrated using<br />

two groupsofat-risk children asan example:children born preterm<br />

and children of<strong>de</strong>pressive mothers.Data come from a prospective<br />

longitudinal study of infants at risk for later psychopathology<br />

currently beingconductedin Mannheim (Germany).A cohortof362<br />

childrenbornwithdiferentbiological(obstetriccomplications)and<br />

psychosociallisks(familydisadvantage)wasfolowed from birthinto<br />

schoolage.Resultsup to 8 years indicate thatthe <strong>de</strong>velopmental<br />

outcome of very 1ow birth weightchildren and of children of<br />

<strong>de</strong>pressive mothers<strong>de</strong>pendson thequality of the early relationship<br />

between mother and at-risk child. n ese findings stress the<br />

importanceofpromoting early parenting asan efectivestrategy of<br />

early intervention in infantsatrisk.<br />

C0NF3<br />

ANIMALM ODELSOFHUMAN BEHAVIOR<br />

àndyKenon1.allal(UniversityofMichigan,Kalamazoo,Michigan)<br />

Resumos <strong>de</strong> Comunicaçöes Cientl*ficas<br />

CoNF4<br />

AsDIRETREES CIJRRICULARES PARA 0S CURSOSDE PSICOLOGM:<br />

DESAFIOSPARA A SUA IMPLANTAIAO1<br />

MariaâagcltlGuimarâesFeitosa(Universida<strong>de</strong><strong>de</strong>Brasûia)<br />

A Comissso<strong>de</strong>Especialistasem Ensino <strong>de</strong><strong>Psicologia</strong>,integrada<br />

porAnnaFzithBellicodaCosta,AntônioVirp7ioBittencourtBastos,<br />

CarolinaMarhlscelliBori,MariaAngelaGuimarëesFeitosa,Marflia<br />

Ancona-o pezeWiliam BarbosaGomesapresentou àSecretaria<strong>de</strong><br />

Educaçso SuperiordoMinistériodaEducaçLo(SESU/MEC)projeto<br />

<strong>de</strong>DiretrizesCuriculare)paraoscursos<strong>de</strong>graduaçLoem <strong>Psicologia</strong><br />

em outubro<strong>de</strong> <strong>1999</strong>. A data<strong>de</strong>staredaçëo odocumento aguarda<br />

apreciaçpo do Consclho Nacional <strong>de</strong> F.ducaçso (CNE), 8ua<br />

aprovaçâorevogarsoParecer403/62doantigoConselho Fe<strong>de</strong>ral<strong>de</strong><br />

Educaçb e<strong>de</strong>senca<strong>de</strong>arlamplareformulaçâo docurrfculodoscursos<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>Psicologia</strong> no pafs. A presente conferência reline entso os<br />

objetivos<strong>de</strong>comunicarotrabalhn completadoeoferecersubsfdios<br />

preliminarespara aetapa<strong>de</strong> implantaçb que se inicia.<br />

A preparaçâodoprojetofoisinalizadaem julho<strong>de</strong>1997,atravésda<br />

Portaria879doMEC,aqualatribuiuàsComissöes<strong>de</strong>Especialistas<br />

em Ensinoaincumbência<strong>de</strong>proporDiretrizesCurricularesparaas<br />

respectivassreas,e foiformalizadaem <strong>de</strong>zembro<strong>de</strong> 1997,com a<br />

explicitaçëodaoricntaçso geralparaasComissöes(Parecer776/97do<br />

CNE)edosprocedimentosparacoleta<strong>de</strong>subsfdiosjuntoaoscursose<br />

entida<strong>de</strong>scientfticaseproissionais(EditalSESU(M/97).Umasérie<br />

<strong>de</strong> iniciativas, da pröpria Comissâo, do Conselho Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>de</strong><br />

Psicolo/a,da<strong>Socieda<strong>de</strong></strong><strong>Brasileira</strong><strong>de</strong><strong>Psicologia</strong>e<strong>de</strong>grupos<strong>de</strong><br />

alunoseprofessores<strong>de</strong>diversasinstituiçôes<strong>de</strong>ensino propiciaram<br />

vM os <strong>de</strong>bates e documentos propositivûs. -% este material a<br />

Comissâo incorporou elementos <strong>de</strong> documentos anteriores e <strong>de</strong><br />

avaliaçöes<strong>de</strong>cursosem tramitaçso.O documentoresultantereflete<br />

um esforço <strong>de</strong> retratarosanseioscxplicitadosporprofessores,alunos<br />

eprosssionais,umabusca<strong>de</strong>re-orientarprlticascorrentesnocnsino<br />

<strong>de</strong><strong>Psicologia</strong>queseccnfiguram comoumadurarealida<strong>de</strong>aexigir<br />

transformaçso,eatentativa<strong>de</strong>propiciarum estreitamento darelaçâci<br />

entre a produçâo do colhecimento e a prstica profissional,<strong>de</strong><br />

fortaleceratrajetöria<strong>de</strong>amadurecimento ediferenciaçâodaJrea.<br />

O documentof0icstruturadoem capftulosqueorientam acerca<strong>de</strong><br />

princfpios,fundamentos,condiçöes<strong>de</strong>oferecimento eprocedimentos<br />

paraoplanejamento,aimplementaçso eaavaliaçëodocurso<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>Psicologia</strong>. AsDiretrizespropöem que o curso <strong>de</strong> <strong>Psicologia</strong>se<br />

diferencieem trêspertis<strong>de</strong>formaçso:obacharelem psicologia,o<br />

professor<strong>de</strong>psicologiaeopsicölogo.Essadiferenciwâoseapoiaem<br />

um nticleocomum <strong>de</strong>formalâo queestabeleceumabaselmmogênea<br />

no pafseumacapacitaçâo biica para o formando lidarcom os<br />

contetidos da psicologia enquanto campo <strong>de</strong> conhecimento e <strong>de</strong><br />

atuaçâo. Sâo explicitadas as competências e habilida<strong>de</strong>s que<br />

embasarâo a fùrmaçâo e que <strong>de</strong>finem a natureza efunçâo do nlicleo<br />

comum.A elasseagregaaproposkâo <strong>de</strong>conhecimentosblsicose<br />

estruturantes <strong>de</strong>ssa formaçâo. Os capftulos seguintes orientam a<br />

formaçâo em cada um dospertisprevistos. Em cada perfil,sâo<br />

<strong>de</strong>scritascompetênciase habilida<strong>de</strong>sespecfticasque osdiferenciam<br />

em termosdodomfnio <strong>de</strong>conhecimcntospsicolögicose<strong>de</strong>Jreasafins<br />

e a capacida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> utilizi-losem diferentescontextos<strong>de</strong> atuaçâo.Essa<br />

estrutura permite que os cursos, mesmo tendo a formaçâo do<br />

psicölogo como exigência bésica,possam se diferenciar em cada<br />

pertiloferecido,ao fazerem escolhasquanto a ênfases,competências<br />

e habilida<strong>de</strong>sespecfhcas. Oslimites e possibilida<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong>configuraro<br />

projcto<strong>de</strong>cursosâotratadosem capftuloespecfsco.O documento<br />

conclui com diretrizes que especificam condiçöes - ativida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

acadêmicas, e caractedsticas <strong>de</strong> infra-estrutura especializada,<br />

incluindo o Serviço <strong>de</strong> <strong>Psicologia</strong>- indispensâveispara a viabilizaçâo<br />

do projetodocurso<strong>de</strong>ntro<strong>de</strong>padröes<strong>de</strong>qualida<strong>de</strong>.Completaessa<br />

especificaçâo o estabelecimento da carga horM a mfnima para a<br />

formaçâo.<br />

Procurou-se privilegiar uma fonnaçâo que assegurasse<br />

compromisso do formando com o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento da <strong>Psicologia</strong><br />

como ciência e protissâo e a sensibilida<strong>de</strong> para lidar com as<br />

5

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